ihunyushwe yi- khuluma hr & language services · usosesheni wezempilo yezilwane waseningizimu...

South African Veterinary AssociationImitholampilo Yezilwane Yomphakathi

Ixhaswe ngeqholo yi-:

HLANGANISWE WUErna Klopper (2006)

IVUNYELANISWE NESIKHATHI WUDaleen Grundlingh (2014)

UMKLAMO WESEMBOZOMarina Lubbe

UMKLAMO NONDLALEKO LOMBHALOAnnette Genis

ISBN978-0-620-40106-7

IHUNYUSHWE YI-Khuluma HR & Language Services

Imitholampilo Yezilwane Yomphakathi Ye-SAVA

Usaziwayo owalwa nobandlululo lwezombusazwe nowahlonishwa ngendondo yoMklomelo Wokuthula KaNobel, uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Osathatha Umhlalaphansi uDespmond Tutu uye wanxusa umhlaba ukuba ulwe nokuphathwa kabi kwezilwane.

KuNhlamvu Ekhululelwe Abezindaba ye-Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics ngomhla ka-28 Disemba 2013, wathi:

Ukuphila kwami konke ngikuphile ngilwa nobandlululo nokungabi nabulungisa noma ngabe izisulu

kungabamnyama, abesifazane noma abantu abathandana nabobulili obufanayo... Kodwa kukhona ezinye izindaba

zobulungisa... Ngiye ngazibonela ngawami ukuthi kushalazelwa kanjani ukuphathwa kabi uma izisulu

zingenamandla noma zingenakuzivikela, uma kungekho ozozikhulumela futhi kungekho ndlela yokuba zizimelele kwabasemagunyeni aphakeme. Izilwane zikuleso simo

ncimishi. Ngaphandle kokuba thina sikhathalele izithakazelo zazo futhi sizikhulumele ngokuzwakalayo,

ukuhlukunyezwa nonya kwenziwa isidanasi.

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Administrator

Typewritten Text


I-SAVA-CVC ithanda ukubonga laba bantu abalandelayo ngeqhaza labo elaziswayo:

Slz. Cheryl McCrindle UP-Isikhungo Sezempilo YezilwaneDkt. Claude Sabeta ARC-OVIDkt. Gert Venter ARC-OVI Nks Heloise Heyne ARC-OVINks Lynne Michael Bayer (Pty) LtdDkt. Neels du Plessis Udokotela Wezilwane OwuchwephesheDkt. Lesley Lunn SPCA-JohannesburgDkt. Liza Koster UP-Isikhungo Sokwelashwa KwezilwaneDkt. Daniela Steckler UP-Isikhungo Sokwelashwa KwezilwaneSlz. Moritz van Vuuren UP-Isikhungo Sokwelashwa Kwezilwane

Sibonga ngokukhethekile kuSlz. Banie Penzhorn ngokuhlela leli bhuku

Ukubonga:


SAVAUSosesheni Wezempilo Yezilwane WaseNingizimu Afrika ugqugquzela izithakazelo nemisebenzi yobuchwepheshe bezempilo yezilwane.

IMITHOLAMPILO YEZILWANE YOMPHAKATHI YE-SAVAOdokotela bezilwane abazimele bamisa owokuqala uMtholampilo Wezilwane Womphakathi We-SAVA ngoJulayi 1998 eBhayi, emzamweni wokuhlinzeka labo ababencishwe amathuba phambilini ngamasevisi ezempilo yezilwane ayisisekelo anoxhaso. Ngo-Aprili 2002 i-SAVA yabe isithatha izintambo zokuxhumanisa leli projeke kwase kuthi lo mzamo oyisiqalo wethulwa ezweni lonkana, kuhlanganise onke amalungu e-SAVA.

Izilwane ezingabangane (pets) zasekhaya nezilwane ezifuyelwa ukukhiqiza ukudla zihlukumezeka ikakhulu ngenxa yokungazi, ukuzalaniswa okungalawuliwe nezifo ezithathelanwayo ezinokuvinjelwa. Zilinganiselwa enanini lezigidi eziyi-6 izinja zizodwa eNingizimu Afrika, okuthi ezingu-85% kuzo zingatholi masevisi ezempilo yezilwane. Kuyiqiniso osekudala laziwa ukuthi kunokuhlobana okuqondile phakathi konya ezilwaneni nobudlova obusemphakathini. Ukutholakala kwamasevisi ezempilo yezilwane nokufundiswa kobuntu ezinganeni kudala uzwelwano nezinye izinto eziphilayo, ngokugxilisa ukuhlonishwa kokuphila, okudala isiko-mpilo lokunakekela nozwelwano ngazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo. Loku kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesizwe.

IMitholampilo Yempilo Yezilwane Yomphakathi igcizelela ukuhlinzekwa kokuthena okuxhasiwe

“Ukuvelela kwesizwe nentuthuko yaso endabeni yokuziphatha kungabonwa ngendlela esiphatha ngayo

izilwane zaso.” Mahatma Ghandi



nokokugoma ezinhlanganweni zenhlalakahle yezilwane nakuleyo miphakathi engenako ukufinyelela amasevisi ezempilo yezilwane.

Odokotela bezilwane banikela ngesikhathi sabo sobuchwepheshe futhi basebenzise ingqaqalasizinda nezindawo zabo zokusebenzela ekuletheni amasevisi empilo yezilwane emiphakathini engenawo noma engenakukwazi ukukhokhela amasevisi empilo yezilwane angasese.

Impokophelo ye-SAVA-CVCImpokophelo yethu wukuhlinzeka unakekelo oluyisisekelo ezilwaneni zasemiphakathini engenawo amathuba, kanjalo kuthuthukiswe impilo nenhlalakahle yezilwane nabantu.

Umbono ye-SAVA-CVCUmbono we-SAVA CVC wukunweba nokwenza ama-CVC asebenze kuzo zonke izikhungo ezinkulu kanye nezincane lapho odokotela bezilwane nomphakathi bebone khona isidingo.

Ama-CVC akhona njengamanje ayanda futhi anika isevisi kumakhasimende andayo inyanga ngayinye. Indingeko inkulu kakhulu futhi leyo naleyo ndawo yemijondolo nelokishi kuleli zwe kuludinga kakhulu usizo.

Nakuba izindleko eziyisekelo ezihlala zikhona zithwalwa yimali yeholo elidelwe ngodokotela bezilwane abazimele, ukulondolozwa kwezindawo zokusebenzela, izindleko zokutravula kanye nokuthenga imithi yokwelapha nezinto ezisetshenziswa ziphele kuncike eminikelweni engokwezimali kawonkewonke kanye nabezamabhizinisi. Le minikelo nokusekelwa kungabasiza odokotela bezilwane baseNingizimu Afrika ekwenzeni lolu hlelo lokuthuthukiswa komphakathi lube enkulu impumelelo nethuluzi lokuguqulwa kwezenhlalo eNingizimu Afrika.

Yamukelekile iminikeloSAVA-CVCAbsa BankIgatsha: BrooklynIkhodi Legatsha: 632005Inamba ye-akhawunti: 405 677 9023

I-SAVA-CVC iyinhlangano erejisitiwe engasebenzeli inzuzo (Ina. Yokurej.: 000-234 NPO) futhi irejisitwe e-South African Revenue Service ngaphansi komthetho 18A njengeNhlangano Yokuzuzisa Umphakathi (PBO 130001321) okwenza abanikeli bakwazi ukubuyiselwa ijuphe lentela (tax rebate) ngokunikela kule nhlangano.

Uma wenza umnikelo, siza ungalifihli igama lakho! Ngempela sifuna ukukubonga obala futhi sikwamukele ‘emndenini’ wethu. Siza usithumele i-email enemininingwane yakho ephelele, okuwukuthi, igama, ikheli leposi nenamba yocingo: [email protected].

Inamba yethu yocingo: 012 346 1150 Ingosi yethu ye-internet: www.communityvet.co.za

Amaphuzu ayi-10 oKuba Wumnini-silwane Okhathalelayo

• Hlinzekela ukuba isilwane sakho esiwumngane (pet) sinakekelwe ukuphila kwaso konke.

• Khetha isilwane sakho ngokucophelela kuvumelane nendlela yakho yokuphila kanye nesimo sasekhaya

• Nsuku zonke xhumana eduze ngendlela ekahle nesilwane sakho• Hlinzeka isikhoselo esenele kanye nokuvikeleka ekulimaleni• Sondle ngokudla okulungiselelwe ngokukhethekile ukuze

kuhlangabezane nezidingo zokondleka zesilwane sakho futhi ulungiselele amanzi okuphuza amasha ahlanzekile

• Hambisa isilwane sakho kudokotela wezilwane siyohlolwa impilo okungenani kanye ngonyaka.

• Qiniseka ukuthi isilwane sakho sithola njalo ukugonywa kudokotela wezilwane wasendaweni yakini kuko konke ukuphila kwaso.

• Zikhathi zonke khetha unyango (treatment) oluphasisiwe lokunqanda izimunya-gazi (parasites) zangaphandle (amazeze nemikhaza) nezangaphakathi (izikelemu) futhi usinyange njalo isilwane sakho.

• Abazalanisi abakhathalelayo babhalisa izilwane zabo ezingabangane zokuzalanisa kusosesheni oqashelwayo

• Zonke izilwane ezingabangane kufanele zithenwe uma kungahlosiwe ukuba zizale

Ukuba wumnini-silwane

okhathalelayo


OKUPHAKATHI

Indlela yokuziphatha kanye nokunakekela isilwane sakho 1-11 Ukunakekela izilwane ezingabangane .............................1 Ukuphakela izilwane ezingabangane ...............................4 Ukucwala ..................................................................................6 Ukujwayelanisa imidlwane ...................................................8 Ukunqanda ukulunywa yizinja ............................................10

Izifo/izimo ezithile kanye nokunqandwa kwazo 12-25 Amarabi ....................................................................................12 I-distemper ..............................................................................14 I-parvovirus .............................................................................16 Amathumba ............................................................................18 Umdlavuza ezinjeni namakati ............................................20 Umdlavuza wegazi wamakti ...............................................22 Isigaxa Esithathelanwayo Esithweni Sobulili Sangaphandle....24

Imigomo 26-29 Umehluko phakathi kokugoma nokunyanga .................26 Ukugoma .................................................................................28 Uhlelo lokugoma ...................................................................29

Ukukhipha izikelemu 30-31 Izikelemu ezinjeni namakati ................................................30

Ukulawula izimunya-gazi 32-37 Amazeze ..................................................................................32 Ubuvunya .................................................................................34 Imikhaza ...................................................................................36

Ukuvala inzalo 38-39 Ukukhipha isizalo nokuthena ..............................................38


Isikompilo lokunakekela yonke into ephilayo liyindingeko enkulu ekwakhiweni kwesizwe.

Indlela yokuziphatha kanye nokunakekela isilwane sakho


UKUNAKEKELA IZILWANE EZINGABANGANE

Ukuba nenja noma ikati kuwumthwalo wemfanelo umninisilwane okufanele azimisele ukuwuthwala ngaphambi kokusithenga noma emukele ukusifuya.

Ngaphambi kokuletha ekhaya inja entsha noma ikati...•Uzodingaukudla,amanzinezitshazokudla,intamboyokukhuleka,ibrashi,ukhololo(collar),

namathoyizi.

Indlu•Uzodinga ukuhlinzeka isilwane sakho ngendawo efudumele enokuthula yokuphumula

engavunguzi umoya futhi engekho phansi enhlabathini. Yenza umbhede ngebhokisi lokhuni futhi ubeke ingubo yokulala ehlanzekile noma umqamelo phakathi kwebhokisi. Qiniseka ukuthi izinto zombhede wesilwane sakho uzigeza njalo.

Ukwazeka•Faka ikheli lakho kukhololo

wesilwane sakho noma ucele sifakelwe i-microchip ene-mininingwane yakho. Buza kudokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC.

ImpathoIzinja:Izinja ezincane yizona zilula kakhulu ukuziphatha. Lezi ezithe ukuba nkulu njengama-German Shepherd, ngokuvamile zinkulu kakhulu ukuba umuntu anga-

Inja noma ikati okuziphatha kahle nokujabulayo kuyajabulisa futhi ubuhlobo buba ngobuzuzisayo nobuyohlala njalo uma nje isilwane sakho sisaphila.

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ziphakamisa. Uma ufuna ukuthatha umdlwane noma inja encane, beka isandla esisodwa ngaphansi kwesifuba senja, bese kuthi ngengalo noma esinye isandla usekele imilenze yangemuva noma isingemuva. Ungalokothi uphakamise noma ugxavule umdlwane wakho noma inja encane ngemilenze yangaphambili, umsila noma isijingo sentamo. Uma kudingeka uphakamise inja enkulu, yiphakamise ngokuyibamba ngaphansi, usekele isifuba sayo ngengalo eyodwa nesingemuva ngenye.

Amakati:Iningi lamakati alikuthandi ukuphathwa okunjengokuthathwa noma imidlalo yokubanjwa. Kunalokho ikati livumele lizigxumele kuwe uligone noma ungase ulijabulise ngokudlana okuncane okumnandi. Ngenjongo yemidlalo, kungcono usebenzise okuthile okujikoza ngentambo noma ibhola eliginqikayo. Uma ikati lingathandi ukuphathwa lingase lilume noma liklwebhe ukuze likhululeke – ngakho kungcono ukulenza libambisane nawe kunokulenzisa izinto ngenkani. Jwayelanisa imidlwane yamakati nokuphathwa ngabantu isenezinyanga ezi-2 ubudala. Ikati elinolaka linokulawulwa ngokulimboza ngethawula. Ngokuvamile, amakati anoboya obude athambile futhi akuvumela kangcono ukuphathwa kunalawo anoboya obufishane.

UkuphakelaLeyo naleyo nja noma ikati kufanele kube okungenani nezitsha ezimbili zokudla, esinye samanzi nesinye sokudla. Amanzi apholile ahlanzekile kufanele atholakale usuku lonke.

Izinja:•Imidlwane enamaviki awu-8-12 ubudala idinga

ukudla kane ngosuku. Imidlwane enezinyanga ezi-3-6 ubudala idinga ukudla kathathu ngosuku. Imidlwane enezinyanga ezi-6-12 ubudala idinga ukudla kabili ngosuku. Lapho inja yakho isinonyaka ubudala, ukudla okukodwa ngosuku ngokuvamile kwanele, nakuba kwezinye izinja kungcono ukuqhubeka nokudla okubili ngosuku.

•Amanzi: Izinja namakati kufanele kuthole amanzi amasha zikhathi zonke. La manzi kufanele agcwaliswe kabusha nsuku zonke futhi agcinwe epholile, ehlanzekile futhi efreshi.

Izinja namakati kufanele kuthole amanzi amasha

zikhathi zonke.


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Amakati:Amakati adinga ukuthola ukudla usuku lonke. Kuhle kakhulu ukuwaphakela ekuseni bese kuthi ukudla okungadliwanga kushiyelwe ikamuva phakathi nosuku.

Qaphela ukuthi ukudla kwesilwane sakho akungenwa yizintuthwane ngoba angeke sikudle.

Ukuqeqesha•Fundisa inja izinto eziyisisekelo – “hlala”, “ungayi ndawo”, “phansi”, no-“yeka”. Loku

kuzothuthukisa ubuhlobo bakho nenja yakho kanye nabanye abantu. Sebenzisa ukudlana okuncane ukuyiheha nokuyivuza.

•Amakatiwonaanzinyanaukuwaqeqesha;nokhoungaliqeqeshaikatilakhoukubalilandeleamajwayezi athile, njengezikhathi zokudla nokudlala.

Ukuphipha•Gcina inja yakho isentanjeni yokukhuleka lapho uphumele ngaphandle, ngaphandle

kokuba kusendaweni ebiyelwe. Yiphiphe inja yakho, njengoba loku kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi nobabili nigcineka ninempilo enhle.

•Amakati kufanele abe nebhokisi lokuzikhululela, (noma yiliphi ibhokisi elinenhlabathi)okufanele lihlanzwe nsuku zonke ukuze kugwenywe ukunuka okubi endlini. . Uma amakati ekwazi ukufinyelela inhlabathi engaphandle, ibhokisi elinenhlabathi lingase lingadingeki.

Ukucwala•Ungasizaekugcineniinjayakhoihlanzekilengokujwayelaukuyibrasha.Nsukuzonkehlola

ukuthi isilwane asinamazeze nemikhaza uma isimo sezulu sifudumele. Iningi lezinja azidingi kubhavwa ngaphandle kwakambalwa phakathi nonyaka. Ngaphambi kokubhava, kama noma usike kuphume zonke izibhadu oboyeni besikhumba. Yakaza kahle yonke insipho iphume kungenjalo ukungcola kuzonamathela kuzinsalela zensipho.

•Amakatiawakudingiukubhavwa,kodwaayakujabulelaukubrashwansukuzonke.

Ukuvivinya umzimba•Leyonaleyonjanomaikatikudingaukuvivinyaumzimbansukuzonke.Dlalanasoisilwane

futhi uphume ulule imilenze nenja yakho isentanjeni yokukhuleka.

LEYO NALEYO NjA NOMA IKATI KUdINGA UKUVIVINYA UMZIMBA NSUKU ZONKE. dLALA NASO ISILWANE fUTHI UPHUME ULULE

IMILENZE NENjA YAKHO ISENTANjENI YOKUKHULEKA.


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Ukuphakela izilwane ezingabangane

IzinjaUma izimo zivuma, izinja kuhle ziphakelwe ukudla okuthengiswa ezitolo okulinganiselwe kahle,futhikungabakuhlekubengokuphasisweyi-PetFoodIndustryAssociation.

Ngeshwa, iningi lethu alinawo amandla okukhokhela lezi zinhlobo zokudla kokuthengwa futhi siphoqeleka ukuphakela inja ukudla kwasekhaya. Ngokuvamile, loku kusho ukuthi ukudla okuningi kuzoba yipapa lommbila, okuyinto engenele ekunikeni konke inja ekudingayo.

Ngokuvamile, impuphu yamathambo (evame ukubizwa ngokuyiko ngokuthi yi-"saw dust") itholakala ngenani eliphansi impela esilaheni futhi iyokwenezela ikhalisiyamu ekudleni uma ihlanganiswa nepapa. Ubisi, uma lutholakala futhi kusemandleni ukuluthenga, nalo lungenezelwa,kodwaukuluhlambululaukuzelungabangeliukubainja“ihanjisweyisisu”(ihude).

Ukudla okusele okuphekiwe inokukuphakelwa kukodwa noma kuxutshwé nepapa. Khumbula ukuthi izinja kumele zingaphakelwa amathambo enkukhu, ama-chop, amathambo enhlanzi noma amanye amathambo amancane. Okunye okusebenza kahle wukwenza “ibhodwe lendidiyela”. Faka konke ukudla okuselekanye namakhasi amaveji, igobolondo leqanda, njl. ebhodweni elinamanzi bese ukupheka kuvuthwe kahle. Umhluzi (isobho) ovela lapho ungabe usuphakelwa isilwane kanye nepapa noma isinkwa esidala – emva kokuba ekhishwe onke amathambo amancane.

Uma inani elincane lezimpephelezi (pellets) lisemandleni akho – ungaziphaki zonke kanyekanye – kodwa yiphe inja yakho ingcosana ngokugqagqanisa izinsuku.

Izinja ziphakelwa ngokobudala bazo.


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Izinja ziphakelwa ngokobudala bazo. Umdlwane osemncane usakhula futhi unesisu esincanyana, ngakho-ke udinga ukuphakelwa izikhathi ezi-3-5 njalo ngosuku, ukudlana okuncane isikhathi ngasinye. Inja esikhule yaqeda inokuphakelwa knaye kuphela ngosuku, nokho izinja ezinkulu njengama-Great Dane kufanele ziphakelwe ukudla kwesilinganiso esifanayo, kodwa okuhlukaniswe kabili usuku ngalunye.

Njengoba inja iya ngokuba ndala, nayo izodinga iziwombe zokudla okuthe ukuba kuncane izikhathi ezi-2-3 njalo ngosuku njengoba ukudla kwayo ingasakwazi ukukugaya emzimbeni njengakuqala.Futhiamazinyoayokungenzekaasegugilenomaayisenawookwenzaidingeukudla ukudla okuthambile.

Kungcono ukuba inja yakho yensikazi uyivale inzalo – kanjalo angeke ikhiqize eminye imidlwane ozoba nenkinga yokuyondla. Uma kwenzeka imitha, kuzodingeka uyiphakele inani lokudla eliphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kuso sonke isikhathi imithi nalapho incelisa. Imidlwane izoqala ukudla emavikini ama-3-4.

Siza ukhumbule njalo: •Zikhathi zonke inja kumele ibe namanzi afreshi

ahlanzekile esitsheni esihlanzekile.•Injakumeleidleleesitsheniesihlanzekileokungesonalesookubuyekudleleabantukuso.•Izinja kumele ziphakelwe ngendlela yokuthi kungenzeki ukulwa noma ukuhlaselwa

ngezinye izinja, kungenjalo leyo nja enamandla kunezinye izokuthatha konke ukudla kuthi ezinye zingatholi lutho.

•Uma inja yakho ungayikhiphi izikelemu, ukudla oyipha kona kudliwa yizikelemu. Sizaubonane nodokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC.

AmakatiOkuningi kwaloku esikushilo ngezinja kuyiqiniso nangamakati, ngaphandle kwaloku:•Amakatikumeleatholeinyamaekudlenikwawo–angafaumaengayitholi.Umaikatilakho

likwazi ukuzingela libambe amagundane namabuzi, akudingekile kangako ukulipha inyama, kodwa uma lingenakukwazi ukuzingela, okungenani uhhafu wokudla kwalo kufanele ube wuhlobo oluthile lwenyama noma inhlanzi.

•Ngishonamakatiasekhuleaqedaanezisuezincanefuthikumeleaphakelweukudlaokungekuningi phakathi nalo lonke usuku.

•Amakati“ayaziqhenya”kunezinjafuthikaningiangekeakudleukudlaokungefreshi.•Ikati kumele livikelwe ezinjeni ngenkathi lidla. Kuwumqondo omuhle ukubeka isitsha

sokudla onqenqemeni lwefasitela noma enye indawo ekanjalo lapho inja ingenakukwazi ukulithathela khona.

Khumbula ukuthi izinja ungaziphakeli

amathambo enkukhu, awama-chop,

awenhlanzi noma amanye amancane.


Behaviour and caring for your pet

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Ukucwala izinja namakati

Ukucwala kubandakanya ukubrasha, ukugunda amazipho, ukubhava, ukuhlanza amadlebe namazinyo.

Ukubhava:•Jwayelanisaumdlwanewakhonokubhavwangenkathiusemncanengokwanele

ukwenziswa izinto. Wubhave ka-3 – 4 phakathi nenkathi yobudala bezinyanga ezi-2 – 5.• Ungalokothi usebenzise insipho yokuwasha eyimpuphu noma omunye umkhiqizo ohlabayo.•Qaphelaukubaamanziangangeniemadlebeni,emehlweninanomaphiekhandalawo.•Womisengethawulangokusheshaemvakokuwubhava.

Amakati awakudingi ukubhavwa

Amazipho:Uma unomuzwa wokuthi amazipho enja yakho made kakhulu cela udokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC ukuba awagunde. Loku kuvame kakhulu ezinjeni ezincane ngobukhulu noma esezindala.

Amakati kufanele enzelwe “ipalilokuhwaya”; azobe esezigadelangokwawo amazipho awo. Isigxobo sokhuni esinesiqephu sikakhaphethi esibethelwe kuso sikahle kakhulu.

Zonke izinja namakati kufanele kuvame ukucwalwa ukuze kugcinwe kahle izikhumba futhi kusizwe izilwane ukuba zibukeke kahle futhi zizizwe kamnandi.


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Ukubrasha:Kokubili amakati nezinja kuyathanda ukudamane kubrashwa. Loku kuzobuqinisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwenu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kusiphatha kahle isikhumba. Futhi yiso lesiisikhathi sokuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho mazeze nemikhaza.

Amadlebe:Amadlebe kufanele ahlanzwe ngaphakathi ngendwangu elunama. Ungazisebenzisi izinto ezingejwayelekile emadlebeni. Susa imikhaza uma ikhona.

Amazinyo: Ibrashi elikahle linamanzi nje kuphela lizoqinisekisa ukuthi akunqwabelani uqweqwe emazinyweni.

KUKONKE UKUCWALA KUBANdAKANYA ISIKHATHI ESICHITHWE KAHLE NESILWANE

SAKHO ESIWUMNGANE.



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Ukujwayelanisa imidlwane

Idinga ukuhlangana nezinhlobo ezihlukene zabantu: abesilisa, abesifazane, izingane, abasempeshinini, abafaka izibuko, futhi kuhle kakhulu uma ukwehlukahluka kukuningi. Izodinga futhi ukujwayelana nayo yonke imisindo yasekhaya neyasemgwaqweni: ngaphezu kwaloko izodinga ukuhlanganiswa nezinja nezinye izilwane ezingabangane ezinjengamakati nezinkukhu.

Umdlwane ongazange ujwayelaniswe kahle kulula ukuthi ube nezinkinga zokuziphatha kamuva ekuphileni. Uma ubekwa esimweni ongasazi nesethusayo, ngokwemvelo uzozama ukuzivikela. Loku kungase kuholele ekuboniseni ulaka nokuluma abantu nezinye izilwane.

Amacebiso ngokujwayelanisa umdlwane wakho• Qalisa emavikini angaba yi-6-7 ubudala. Lesi yisikhathi sobudala lapho umdlwane

usungasuswa kunina.•Bekaumdlwanewakhoesimeniesishaokungenaniesisodwangeviki,kodwaqinisekaukuthiumdlwaneakwenzekinaniniubesengozini;futhihlalanawonjalo.

•Umaumdlwaneubonisanomakuphiukwesaba,yimakhona laphouzeukhululekebeseuyawuncoma.

•Amaviki ayi-8: Wuthathe umdlwane wakho uyolula nawo imilenze esigangeni esinotshani obungebude kakhulu. Wukhuthaze ukuba ucace weqe izithiyo ezincane bese uyawuncoma.

•Amaviki ayi-9: Wuthathe futhi uyokwelula nawo imilenze, kodwa kuloku esikhotheni. . Utshani kufanele buthi ukuba bude kunakuqala nezithiyo zibe nkudlwana. Ngisho nokuwuwelisa esihoshaneni samanzi nasemahlozini athi ukucinanisa imilenze yawo uma uhamba. Khumbula ukuwukhuthaza nokuwuncoma ngaso sonke isikhathi.

•Amaviki ayi-10: Okunye ukwelula izinyawo kodwa manje kube nzinyana nangaphezulu. Zikhathi thile uke uwucashele, kuthi lapho uqala ukukufuna uwuncome. Uma ungakucingi phonsa itshana bese uwubiza usendaweni ocashe kuyo. Loku kuzowufundisa ukukugada uhlale nawe.

•Amaviki ayi-11: Wuthathe uyowubhukudisa. Wubambe bese ungena emanzini, uwududule kahle uwuyise ngasosebeni futhi kube khona ososebeni owukhuthaza ukuba uze. Ungawuphonsi emanzini. Lapho uphuma emanzini wesule wome bese uya ekhaya. Ungawugodolisi.

Ukuze imidlwane ithuthuke ngokomzwelo, idinga ukujwayelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezimo.


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•Amaviki ayi-12: Thatha uhambo oluya epulazini (emaphandleni) uwubonise izinkomo, amahhashi nanoma yini ongayithola. Kuloku wugcine usentanjeni futhi uphephile kwezinye izilwane kodwa uwuvumele usondele ngokwanele ukuthi uhogele.

•Amaviki ayi-13: Hamba nawo uwuxhaké ngentambo uwuyise edolobheni. Hamba nawo emgwaqweni ophithizelayo. Kufanele ubone uzwe izimoto namaloli futhi udlule abantu abaningi bezinyawo nabamabhayisikili. Loku kufanele kube wuhambo olufishane olungedluli emizuzwini eyi-10. Khumbula ukuwukhuthaza kakhulu futhi uwuncome ngokuziphatha kahle.

•Amaviki ayi-14: Wuyise endaweni kawonkewonke lapho kukhona khona izingane eziningi, ngokwesibonelo isikole sabaqalayo lapho izingane zivumeleke khona ukuma ziwudlalise.

•Amaviki ayi-15: Wuthathe kolunye uhambo lwasedolobheni.•Amaviki ayi-16: Njengamanje usuwufundise into enkulu kakhulu, ukuthi uzohlala nawo

konke ukuphila kwawo ulokhu uwusiza ukuba uqhubeke nokuphila kwawo. Khumbula ukuba umdlwane wakho uwugcine uphephile zikhathi zonke.

•Amaviki ayi- 17-21: Lesi yisikhathi esibi sokuba ubangele umdlwane wakho ukucindezeleka, ukuwuhambisa noma siphi esinye isimo esisongelayo. Kulobu budala uvame ukubonisa olukhulu uvalo. Lesi kufanele kube yisikhathi sawo sokuphila ngokuthula.

QINISEKA UKUTHI UCHITHA ISIKHATHI SEKHETHELO NOMdLWANE WAKHO NSUKU ZONKE!



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Ukunqanda ukulunywa yizinja

•Ungalokothiusondeleenjeniongayazi.•Umakusondelakuweinjaongayazi,yimaunganyakazi.•Umakusondelakuweinjaongayazi,yimaunganyakazi.•Umainjaisizokuhlaselazamaukubekaisithiyoesinjengebhayisikilinomaisikhwama

sesikole phakathi kwakho nayo.•Umainjaikuwisazigoqeubeyibhola,umbozeubusobeseulalaunganyakazi.•Ungayibhekiemehlweniinja.•Ungayiphazamisiinjaelele,edlayo,nomaenakekelaimidlwane.•Ungayidlalisiinjaungazangeuyivumeleukubaikubonefuthiikuhogelekuqala.•Abadalaakufanelenaninibashiyeumntwananomaingane

encane yodwa nanoma yisiphi isilwane sasekhaya.

Kubaninizinja:•Yenzaukuthiinjayakhoidlalenezinyeizinjafuthiijwayelane

nabantu isencane impela.•Ungafakiinjayakhoesimenilaphoizizwakhonaisongelwa.•Ungavumeliinjayakhoigcagcazeyonkeindawo.•Ungadlaliimidlaloenodlamenenjayakho.•Khiphainjayakhoisizalonomauyithene.•Gcinainjayakhoisegcekenielibiyelweumaingekhoendlini,•Ungayikhulekieketangeniinjayakhongobaloko

kungandisa ulaka lwayo.•Funausizoumainjayakhoigulanomailimele.

Ukulimala noma ukugula kwenza inja ithambekele ekulumeni.

•Qeqeshainjayakhoukubailaleleiziyaleloeziyisisekelo njengokuthi: hlala phansi, ungayi ndawo nokuthi woza lapha.

Nawa amacebiso ambalwa ezinganeni nakubantu abadala okunciphisa ithuba lokulunywa yinja.


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Uma ulunyiwe:•Funausizolokwelashwangokuphuthuma.•Nqandaukophafuthiugezeindawoelunyiwengamanzinensipho.•Bikalokokulunywaemtholampilowomphakathiwangakininomaemaphoyiseni.•Nikaamaphoyisaincazoenembileyaleyonja,izimoeziholeleekulunyweni,

nemininingwane yomniniyo uma uyazi.

UNGAYIPHAZAMISI INjA ELELE, EdLAYO, NOMA ENAKEKELA IMIdLWANE.


Izifo/izimo ezithile kanye nokuvinjelwa kwazo

Ukusuka endaweni yokulunywa leli gciwane ligijima ngemizwa lize liyofika ezindlaleni zamathe lapho liphuma khona namathe esilwane esigulayo. Leli gciwane libangela ukufa lapho nje lifika ebuchosheni. ABANTU BANGATHOLA AMARABI NGENdLELA EfANAYO.

Izimpawu zalesi sifo ezilwaneniKokubili izinja namakati kuba nolukhulu ulaka futhi kuhlasele ngaphandle kokubonisa kusengaphambili. Izinja zivuza amathe, zihlabe umkhulungwane, zilume izimpukane ezingekho, zizulazule ngokungenanjongo, zidle inhlabathi nezinduku, zihlanze futhi zihluleke ukugwinya. Zihamba kanzima zize zikhubazeke bese zifa. Nezilwane zasendle zishintsha indlela yazo yokwenza, zithambe futhi kuvamile ukuthi zibonakale eduze kwamakhaya abantu.

Amarabi

Amarabi yisifo izinja namakati okungasithola ngokulunywa ngesinye isilwane esinaso njengezinja, amakati, ochakide, amankentshane nezinye izilwane zasendle.

Uma kwenzeka ulunywa yisilwane

esisolisayo, siza ufune usizo lokwelashwa

khona manjalo noma ufune iseluleko

kuNamba Yocingo Esheshayo yaMarabi

(Rabies Hotline) 082 352 6879.

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Kufanele ngenzeni?Ungazibambi, noma usondele kulezo zinja namakati. Ungasondeli ezilwaneni zasendle ezingakubalekeli futhi ezibukeka zigula. Uma ubona isilwane esenza ngendlela engajwayelekile futhi kusoleka ukuthi sinamarabi, bikela amaphoyisa ngokushesha okuzothi wona aphenye futhi uma kudingekile asibulale leso silwane, futhi aqiniseke ukuthi siyahlolelwa amarabi. Uma kwenzeka ulunywa yisilwane esisolisayo, siza ufune usizo lokwelashwa khona manjalo noma ufune iseluleko kuNamba Yocingo Esheshayo yaMarabi (Rabies Hotline) 082 352 6879.

Inja yami noma ikati ngingakuvikela kanjani emarabini?Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inja yakho noma ikati kugonyelwe amarabi. ENingizimu Afrika, ukugonyelwa amarabi kuphoqelekile kuzo zonke izinja namakati ngokoMthetho Wezifo Zezilwane (Animal Diseases Act). Uma nje umdlwane wakho uhlanganisa amaviki ayi-12 ubudala, kufanele uthole ukugonywa kokuqala. Ukugoma kwesibili kufanele kwenziwe phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-9 ukusuka kokokuqala. Emva kwaloko isilwane kufanele siqiniselwe amarabi njalo ngonyaka (ezindaweni lapho kuvame khona izifo).

Izinamba zokuthintana zeMinyango Kahulumeni Yezempilo Yezilwane:Mpumalanga Koloni: 043 605 4200Freyistata: 051 436 3677Gauteng: 011 355 1388KwaZulu-Natali (Isifunda Esiseningizimu): 033 343 8320KwaZulu-Natali (Isifunda Esisenyakatho): 035 780 6704Limpopo: 015 294 3109Mpumalanga: 013 741 3218Nyakatho Ntshonalanga: 018 389 5102Nyakatho Koloni: 053 839 7870Ntshonalanga Koloni: 021 808 5001

AMARABI AWELAPHEKI!

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14

I-distemper

Yini ebanga i-distemper?Ibangwa yiGciwane le-Distemper Yezinja (Canine Distemper Virus). Yigciwane elihlobene nesimungumungwane kubantu.

Inja yami ingayithola kanjani i-distemper?Inja yakho ingayithola i-distemper ngaphandle kokuthintana ngqo nenye inja egulayo. Leli gciwane lisakazeka njengawomkhuhlane kubantu. AKUNAKWENZEKA ukuthi inja yakho ithole i-distemper ekudleni ekudlayo, imijovo yokugoma noma amaphilisi okubulala izikelemu anikwa ngudokotela wezilwane.

Ngizokwazi kanjani ukuthi inja yami ine-distemper?Emva kokwesuleleka ngaleli gciwane inja izoba nemfiva phakathi nezinsuku ezi-3-6. Kungenzeka kube sengathi inja iba ngcono kodwa izoba nemfiva futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, kodwa kuloku kube khona nezimpawu zomkhuhlane. Ikhala namehlo okuvuzayo, ukozela nokungadli yizona zimpawu ezivame kakhulu uma sisaqala lesi sifo. Ukuhlanza, ukuhuda nokukhwehlela kungalandela emva kwalezi zimpawu zokuqala. Kamuva inja iveza izimpawu ezithinta imizwa, njengesithuthwane, ukuhluthuka kwezicubu ikakhulu ekhanda nasebusweni, ukungasebenzisani kahle kwezingxenye zomzimba nobuthakathaka.

Ukukhwehlela Kwezinja Nomkhuhlane Wamakati kunezimpawu ezifanayo.

Kuthiwani uma inja yami ine-distemper?Uma usola ukuthi inja yakho ine-distemper, yigcine kude nezinye izinja futhi uyise kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha okunokwenzeka.

Ingabe i-distemper iyelapheka?Alikho ikhambi lokwelapha i-distemper elaziwayo. Ama-antibiotic anokunikwa ukuze

I-distemper (ukugula okubangwa yigciwane elithile ezilwaneni) iyisifo esithathelanwayo futhi esivame ukuholela ekufeni, esihlasela isimiso sokuphefumula, esesisu namathumbu nesemizwa esiyinhloko.


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kuncishiswe izimpawu zokugula ezaziwayo, kodwa angeke ayelaphe inja yakho. I-50% yezinja ezithola i-distemper iyobulawa yiyo, ngokuvamile kuhambisana nezimpawu zokuba novalo. Eyodwa iyoqabukela isinda uma ithola ukunyangwa kwezilwane okufanele.

Inja ingase ife phakathi kwamaviki ama-2 kuya ezinyangeni ezi-3 kusukela yathola igciwane.

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukuthi inja yami ithole i-distemper?Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela lesi sifo esesabekayo nesibulalayo wukuba ugomise inja yakho kudokotela wezilwane. Lesi sifo sithanda ikakhulu imidlwane nezinja esezigugile. Umdlwane wakho ungagonywa kusukela usunamaviki ayi-8 ubudala, bese kuba omunye umjovo emva kwenyanga nakanye njalo ngonyaka emva kwaloko.

Uma usola ukuthi inja yakho ine-distemper, yigcine kude nezinye

izinja futhi uyise kudokotela wezilwane

ngokushesha okunokwenzeka.


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I-parvovirus

Inja isithola kanjani isifo se-parvovirus?Ngokuvamile imidlwane nezinja kwesuleleka lapho kunuka indle yenja enalesi sifo. Ngaphezu kokuba khona endleni leli gciwane lingasakazeka izindawo ngezindawo ngoboya noma izinyawo zezinja, noma ngezitsha zokuphuzela. Ngisho nezicathulo nezingubo zokugqoka zabantu zingalisakaza leli gciwane.

Yiziphi izinja ezisengozini?Zonke izinja zisengozini, kodwa imidlwane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezine yiyo ngokuvamile ethinteka kakhulu futhi kunzima kanti kudula kabi ukuyelapha.

Yiziphi izimpawu okuqinisekwayo ngazo?Izinja zingase zibonise ubujaka, ukungathandi ukudla, imfiva, ukuhlanza nokuhuda okukhulu. Iningilezinjaalizibonisizonkelezizimpawu;nokhoukuhlanzaokusagwebuokungenambalaokubukeka njengamathe yiko okuvame ukuba wuphawu lokuqala. Ukuhuda kakhulu okuhambisana nendle enombala omnyama noma enegazi kanye nokuhlanza okunganqamuki kubangela ukuphelelwa amanzi okusheshayo. Lesi sifo sidlondlobala ngokushesha futhi isilwane singafa ezinsukwini ezimbili emva kokuhlatshwa yilesi sifo.

I-parvo ipotsholwa kanjani?Lapho nje usola ukuthi inja yakho ine-parvo, thintana nodokotela wezilwane ngokuphuthuma. Udokotela wakho wezilwane angayipopola i-parvo, ngokuhlola okugcwele kwasemtholampilo futhi ahlole indle yenja noma uketshezi lwegazi.

Ingabe i-parvo iyelapheka?Akukho nyango lokubulala leli gciwane uma nje selingenile enjeni. Udokotela wezilwane uyonyanga izimpawu futhi ajove nezinketshezi ezine-sodium ne-potassium ngokuthe ngqo emithanjeni yegazi yenja.

I-parvovirus yezinja iyinkinga engathi sína nevame kakhulu futhi ebangela ukufa kweminingi imidlwane nezinja. Nakuba izimpawu eziyinhloko kuwukuhlanza nokuhuda, ikwazi nokulimaza izicubu zenhliziyo emidlwaneni esemincane kakhulu nengakazalwa.


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Lingakanani ithuba lokusinda?Uma ukunyangwa kuqala ngokushesha, ngokuvamile udokotela wezilwane angayisindisa inja. Nokho ithuba lokusinda lincane ezinjeni nemidlwane okungagonyiwe.

Ingabe i-parvo ingavinjelwa?I-parvovirus yezinja inokuvinjelwa ngokugoma okufanele. Imidlwane kufanele igonywe lapho isinobudala bamaviki ayi-8, 12 ne-16 bese kuthi emva kwaloko kube kanye njalo ngeminyaka emi-3. Loku kugoma kuyingxenye yomgomo ombaxa-ningi onikwa imidlwane nezinja esezikhule zaqeda.

Ingabe i-parvovirus iyingozi kuwe nasekatini lakho?Okwamanje akukho bufakazi bokuthi i-parvovirus ingadluliselwa kubantu. Uhlobo olusha lwe-parvovirus, i-CPV-2b, luyatheleleka emakatini futhi lukwazi ukubangela isifo esifanayo emakatini.

Zonke izinja zisengozini, kodwa imidlwane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezine

yiyo ngokuvamile ethinteka kakhulu.


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Amathumba

Futhiisilondasokulunywayikatikululaukuthisiphendukeithumba.Esinyesezizathukungabaukuthi ukuklwejwa noma ukulunywa yikati kudala isilonda esincane futhi kubanga ukulimala ngaphansi kwesikhumba okungenisa amagciwane emva kokuba lelo nxeba elincane esikhunjeni selipholile.

Ziyini izimpawu zamathumba?Ithumba liwukungenwa yisifo kwesicutshana ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Emzamweni wokulwa naloku kusuleleka, umzimba wakha ungqimba oluzungeze le ndawo, ulethe inqwaba yamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe kuyo. La mangqamuzana amhlophe kanye namagciwane abangé ukusuleleka, kwaziwa ngokuthi ubovu. Le ndawo iyavuvuka ibe buhlungu. Uma ithumba libhoboka noma livuleka kubonakala ubovu obunegazi esilondeni.

UkunyangwaNgokuvamile amathumba elashwa ngokuwavula bese uhlanza kahle isilonda. Amathumba amancane anokulashelwa ekhaya.

Vula ithumba, ulihlanze kahle ngesinqanda-kubola (antiseptic) bese uligcina lihlanzekile

izinsuku ezimbalwa ezilandelayo. Uma isilonda singapholi, siza wazise

udokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC yena ozokwelapha lesi silonda ngemithi engama-antibiotic.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuyisa amathumba amakhulu kudokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC. Amanye amathumba awelapheki ngama-antibiotic futhi udokotela wezilwane angase afune usizo lwelebhu ukwakha lolu hlobo lwamagciwane adala ithumba, ukuze kutholakale i-antibiotic ezokwelapha lesi silonda.

Ithumba liwukungenwa yisifo kwesicutshana ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi liyinkinga evamile emakatini.


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AMANOTHI:


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Umdlavuza ezinjeni namakati

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi isilwane sami sinomdlavuza?Lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza ezilwaneni zasekhaya:Umdlavuza ubonwa ikakhulu ezinjeni namakati okudala. •Ukuvuvukaokungajwayelekilenomaphiemzimbeniokuphikelela

kukhula noma izilonda ezingapholi.Lezi ezilandelayo yizimpawu ezingase zihambisane nomdlavuza, kodwa ezijwayelekile futhi nakwezinye izifo:•Ukwehlakwesisindosomzimba•Ukungathandiukudla•Ukophanomaukuphumakojengezikunomayiyiphi

imbobo yomzimba•Ubunzimaekudleninomaekugwinyeni•Ukubayisijakanomaukuphelelwaumdlandla•Ukugogekaokuphikelelayonomaukuqina

komzimba•Ubunzimaekuphefumuleni,ekuchameni

noma ekuzikhululeni

Iningi lemidlavuza ipotsholwa ngokususa isicutshana (biopsy) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza nanokuthi ulukhuni noma uthambile.

Ingabe umdlavuza ungavinjelwa?Imbangela yeningi lemidlavuza ayaziwa; ngakho ukuvimbela kunzima. Ukupotsholwanokwelashwa kungakephuzi yizona zindlela ezikahle kakhulu zokunqanda umdlavuza ezilwaneni zasekhaya.

Umdlavuza yisimila esingalawuleki samangqamuzana angejwayelekile ngaphezu noma ngaphakathi komzimba. Umdlavuza ungase ube ongemubi kangako (othambile) noma ube ngomubi kakhulu (olukhuni). Umdlavuza uvamile ezilwaneni ezingabangane futhi izinja ziba nawo kakhulu kunamakati.


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Ukuthena (sterilise) injakazi ngaphambi kokuba ivukelwe okokuqala kungavimbela umdlavuza wamabele ezinjeni. Umdlavuza wamaphakulo (testes) noma we-prostate ungavinjelwa ngokuthena masinyane (ezinyangeni ezi-6 ubudala) ezinjeni zamaduna.

Umdlavuza wesikhumba ungavinjelwa ngokugcina izinja ezimhlophe namakati kungekho elangeni phakathi kwehora le-10 ekuseni nelesi-3 ntambama noma ngokusebenzisa nsuku zonke okokugcoba kokuvimba ilanga okungenashevu ezindaweni zesikhumba ezingembozekile esiswini, ekhaleni nasemadlebeni.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zomdlavuza ezilwaneni ezingabangane • Izimila (izigaxa) esikhunjeni .......... zivame kakhulu ezinjeni esezindala, umdlavuza

wesikhumba wenzeka ikakhulu ezindaweni ezimhlophe zesikhumba, lapho kunoboya obuncane khona noma bungekho nhlobo.

• Ibele ........................................................ uhhafu wazo zonke izimila zebele ezinjeni nangaphezu kwe-85% emakatini zilukhuni.

• I-lymphoma ......................................... ukukhukhumala okukhulu (kuze kube ngangeqanda lenkukhu noma ibhola lethenisi) kwelilodwa noma ngaphezulu lamalunga anomantshu (lymph nodes) emzimbeni.

• Ithambo ................................................. ikakhulu ezinjeni ezinkulu• IIzimila esiswini ................................... zivame kuko kokubili izinja namakati• Amasende ............................................. kuvame kuko kokubili izinja namakati• Umdlavuza wegazi wamakati ....... uyathathelanwa phakathi kwamakati futhi ungase

uziveze njengezinhlobo ezihlukene zomdlavuza

Unyangwa kanjani umdlavuza?Imidlavuza ethile inokunyangwa (treated) ngokuyisika isuswe. Ezinye izindlela zokunyanga umdlavuza zingabiza kakhulu futhi zifune ukunyangwa kobuchwepheshe. Uhlobo ngalunye lomdlavuza ludinga ukunakekela okuvumelana nalo lodwana. Buza udokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC ukuze uthole iseluleko esishaya emhloleni.

Ungelapheka yini uphele umdlavuza?Eminye imidlavuza inokwelashwa (cured) ngokuyisika isuswe. Uma imincane makhudlwana amathuba okuthi yelapheke. Ikakhulu loku kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lomdlavuza.

Iningi lezinja namakati kunokusizwa ngezinga elithile ngokunyangwa okuyikonakona.

Ukupotsholwa nokunyangwa

kungakephuzi yizona zindlela ezikahle

kakhulu zokunqanda umdlavuza

ezilwaneni zasekhaya.


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Ukungenwa yigciwane lomdlavuzawegazi wamakati (feLV)

Ekhaya elinamakati amaningi kubalulekile ukuzisusa kwamanye amakati lezo zilwane ezinegciwane zibekwe ngazodwana ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusakazeka kwesifo.

Ikati lesuleleka kanjani nge-feLV? Leli gciwane lisakazeka ukusuka kwelinye ikati kuye kwelinye ngezinjengezi zomzimba. Ngakho-ke ukucwalana nokusebenzisa ndawonye izitsha zokudla nezokuphuza kuvumela ukuthathelana. Kujwayelekile emakhaya anamakati amaningi. Imidlwane yamakati ingase ilithole konina leli gciwane. Umzimba wekati eselikhulile ungakwazi ukulibulala igciwane emva kokulithola, kodwa imidlwane ingase ingabi nawo amandla okulwa nezifo ukuze imelane naleli gciwane. Ukwehluleka ukubulala igciwane kuzoholela ekuthini leli gciwane lilumbane nezakhi zofuzo zekati kumaseli omnkantsha wamathambo bese lihlala likhona kuko konke ukuphila cishe ku-30% yamakati alitholayo.

Yiziphi izimpawu okubonakala ngazo? Ukugula esilwaneni kungabonakala ngezindlela ezihlukene kuhlanganise i-anaemia, izigaxa (tumours) kanye nokwehluleka komzimba ukulwa nezifo, ngakho-ke amakati analeli gciwane athola kalula nezinye izifo.Amakati abanjwe yi-FeLV angase abonise izimpawu zokwehlakwesisindo somzimba, izinsini eziphaphathekile, ubuthaka kanye nokungathandi kahle ukudla. Izigaxa ezijwayeleke kakhulu ezihlobene ne-FeLV yi-lymphoma kanye nezigaxaohlelweni lomzimba olukhiqiza umantshu (lymphatic system) kanye nasemnkantsheni wamathambo. Ikati alikwazi ukulwisana namagciwane ezifo futhi kwezinye izikhathi kungaba khonaukuhudaokukhulu.Ukuguliswayi-FeLVkuhlobenenokwandakwezinkingazokuzalana,njengokuphunza.

Ukusakazeka kwe-feLV (feline leukaemia virus) kwenzeka ngamathe, indle, okuphuma emakhaleni kanye nobisi. Leli gciwane lidluliseka kalula phakathi kwamakati ngokucwala nezitsha ezisetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela. Amakati athile ayakwazi ukumelana nokungenwa yileli gciwane, kodwa cishe i-30% yamakati ayohlala enalesi sifo konke ukuphila kwawo.


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Ipotsholwa kanjani i-feLV?Ukuhlola kungase kwenzelwe endaweni yomtholampilo wezilwane kusetshenziswa ukuhlola kwezentengiselwano kwaseduze kwehhoko okubizwa ngokuthi wukuhlola kwe-p-27 antigen okuthungatha amaprotheni egciwane (virus) egazini. Loku kuhlola kubizela amaconsi egazi ambalwa futhi umphumela uwuthola emva kwemizuzu. Loku kuhlola kungase kudinge ukuphindwa emavikini ayi-12 kuya kwayi-16 uma kucatshangwa ukuthi ikati lisenkathini lapho isifo sisacashile (ukungabikho kwesifo okukhohlisayo) noma uma ikati lelulama ekuguleni (ukuba khona kwesifo okukhohlisayo). Ezimeni lapho imiphumela iphikisana khona, udokotela wezilwane angase atuse ukuhlola kwesibili okunjengokuhlola kwe-PCR kusampula legazi.

Ingabe inokunyangwa i-feLV?Umanje leligciwaneselijikelezaekatini,akukhonyango lwe-FeLV,nakubaziningi izindlelazokwelapha okwenziwa ngazo uphenyo. Ezinye zezimpawu okubonakala ngazo ezibangwa wukuba ne-FeLV zinako ukunyangwa noma ukulawulwa, njenge-anaemia kanye nokubakhona kwezigaxa (tumours). Unyango lungase luhlanganise ukumpontshelwa igazi kanye nokushiswa ngamakhemikhali (chemotherapy) okuhambisana nako. Amakati ane-FeLVkufanele avame ukuthola imithi yokulawula izincela-gazi enjengeyokubulala izikelemu kanye neyokunyanga imikhaza namazeze.

Ingabe inokuvinjelwa i-feLV?Indlela esebenza kahle kuzo zonke yokuvimbela ukusabalala kw-FeLV yisimiso ‘sokuhlola-ususe’ emakhaya anamakati amaningi. Onke amakati kufanele ahlolwe, ahlukaniswe namanye bese ebekwa ngawodwana uma enaso isifo ukuze isifo singavunyelwa ukuba sisabalale phakathi kwezilwane. Noma maphi amakati amasha kufanele ahlukaniswe kuze kube yilapho esehloliwe futhi avunyelwe kuphela ukungena ekhaya abe namanye amakati uma ukuhlola kuveza ukuthi awanasifo.

Ikhona imigomo (vaccines) etholakalayo yesifose-FeLVkodwaamakatiasesimeniesithile se-FeLV kufanele ahlolwengaphambi kokuwagoma. Amakati asemancane ngobudala nemidlwane okusengcupheni kakhulu (njengasemakhaya anamakati amaningi) kanye namakati abuye aphume azule phandle kutuswa ukuba kugonywe. Ukugoma akuyona into enokutuselwa ukusebenza kuwo onke amakati. Isidingo sekati lakho ngokuthe ngqo kufanele kuxoxwe ngaso nodokotela wakho wezilwane.

Kubalulekile ukuhlunga amakati maqondana nalesi

sifo ekhaya elinamakati amaningi ukuze lawo

anesifo abe odwa ukuvimbela ukusabalala.


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Isigaxa Esithathelanwayo Esithweni Sobulili Sangaphandle

UkudluliselwaSivame ukudluliselwa ngenye inja siye kwenye ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Amaseli enja enesifo anamathela ezingxenyeni zezitho zobulili zenja engenaso. Amaseli anesifo asuka empumulweni nasemlonyeni wenja eye yakhotha izitho zobulili nawo anokudluliselwa kwezinye izinja.

Isigaxa esithathelanwayo esithweni sobulili sangaphandle siwuhlobo lomdlavuza olujwayelekile, olusakazeke emhlabeni wonke kodwa ikakhulu olusezindaweni eziseduze nenkabazwe kanye nezinye izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele. Lesi sigaxa sivame ezinjeni zamaduna nezinsikazi ezisezintsha ngobudala esezithombile futhi ezingatheniwe eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-4-5, eziyekelwa zibe wuvanzi, futhi sisakazwa yizo.


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Izimpawu okubonakala ngazo•Isigaxa sikhula mawala futhi sinokubonwa ezinsukwini eziyi-15 emba kokuba inja ithole isifo.•Ezinjenizamadunaumphambilinomaisikhwamasawokuvuzauketsheziolusagazinomaolufana nobovu futhi kungase kube khona ukuvuvuka. Futhi kungase kuba khonanephunga elibi. Inja izovama ukukhotha le ndawo ngaphezulu kokuvamile. Kunjakazi, izigaxa zibonakala emomozini noma amalebe (izitho zobulili zensikazi). Lezi zigaxa zingaba ngasinye noma zibe ngamaqhakuvana amancane amaningi, anombala ompunga abukeka njengekholifulawa elibomvu. Kungase kuphe khona ukopha kulezi zigaxa. Zinokukhula zibe ngaphezu kwe-10 cm ubukhulu. Kokubili izinja zamaduna nezezinsikazi zingase zikuthole kunzima ukuchama, zingase zophe empumulweni, zingase zithimule, futhi zibe nobuso obutshekile.

•Isigaxa singase sibe sendaweni thile eyodwa noma sizakazekele nakwezinye izingxenyezomzimba. Kwezinye izinja sivele sizishabalalele ngokwaso. Lezi zinja ziba ngezigomekile emva kwaloko.

UkupotsholwaKweziningi izimo ukupotsholwa kunokwenziwa ngokubukeka okujwayelekile kwesigaxa. Ukuqinisekisa ukupotsholwa, kufanele kwenziwe ukugcoba phezu kwesigaxa, ukuninda noma ukumunywa kwesigaxa ngenalidi ecijile.

UkunyangwaUkunyangwa okuphuma phambili wukushisa ngamakhemikhali kusetshenziswa umuthi (drug) i-Vincristine. Lo muthi ujovwa emthanjeni (ungene egazini) kanye ngeviki kuze kuphele amaviki ama-4 kuya kwayi-6. Uma isigaxa sisikhulu kakhulu singase sidinge ukusikwa kusetshenziswa isibulala-mizwa (anaesthetic). Emva kokuba isigaxa sinyamalele isilwane kumele sithenwe noma sikhishwe isizalo ukuze siyekiswe ukuba wuvanzi siphinde sithole isifo. Kuye kwabikwa isilinganiso se-44% sokuvela busha kwesifo, uma loku kungazange kwenziwe.

ISIGAxA SIKHULA MAWALA fUTHI SINOKUBONWA EZINSUKWINI EZIYI-15 EMBA

KOKUBA INjA ITHOLE ISIfO.


Imigomo

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Umehluko phakathi koKUGOMA (ukuvimbela) noKUNYANGA (ukwelapha)

Kuyini UKUGOMA?Imigomo ivimbela ukuba izilwane zigule.

Yizilwane ezingaguli kuphela ezinokugonywa.

Ngenkathi sokugoma, inja noma ikati kujovwa ngenani elincane legciwane elenziwe buthakathaka noma elifile. Umzimba ube usukhiqiza amasotsha alwisana nalolo hlobo lwesifo. Nanini lapho isilwane sinqwamana nalesi sifo esikhathini esizayo, la masotsha azolibulala igciwane ngaphambi kokuba ligulise isilwane

Kuyini UKUNYANGA?Ukunyanga kwenziwa ezilwaneni esezigula kakade. Ama-antibiotic ezifo ezibangwa ngamagciwane ajwayelekile (bacteria/germs), kanye namaphilisi okubulala izikelemu uma isilwane sinezikelemu. Kutuswa ukudipha mayelana namazeze, imikhaza kanye notwayi.

Kokubili ukugoma nokunyanga kwenziwa wudokotela wezilwane ngomjovo. Kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kokugoma nokunyanga.

Ukugoma akunakuselapha isilwane esigulayo.

Imigomo

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AMANOTHI:

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Ukugoma

Imigomo (vaccines) iyimikhiqizo yezempilo ekhiqizwa emalebhu, leyo esiza isilwane sakho ukuba silwe nezifo zesikhathi esizayo.

Imigomo

Loko okufanele ukwazi ngokugomaImigomo ivikela isilwane sakho ezifweni eziningi ezinjengamarabi, i-distemper, umkhuhlane wamakati kanye nezinye izifo ezihlukahlukene. Ukugoma angeke kuselaphe isilwane esesigula kakade. Yizilwane ezingaguli kuphela ezinokugonywa. Wudokotela noma unesi wezilwane ogomayo.

Ingabe kukhona ubungozi (risks)?Nakuba izilwane ezingabangane zisabela kahle ekugonyweni, ezithile zingase zibe nomkhuhlane bese zingakuthandi kahle ukudla. Lezi zimo azizimbi kangako futhi zingezesikhashana. Ukungagomi kushiya isilwane sakho sisethubeni lokubanjwa yizifo ezibulalayo ebezinokuvinjelwa.

Ingabe imidlwane yezinja neyamakati kufane igonywe?Imidlwane esemincane kakhulu ithambekele kakhulu ekubanjweni yizifo. Loku kunjalo ikakhulu njengoba ukukwazi ukulwa nezifo kwemvelo ekuthola obisini lukanina kuya kwehla kancane kancane.

Isilwane sami kufanele ngisigomele ziphi izifo? Kukhona imigomo etholakalayo yezifo eziningi ezijwayelekile zezinja namakati.

IZINjA:I-distemperUkukhwehlela KwezinjaAmarabiI-parvovirusUkoma kwesibindi

AMAKATI:Umkhuhlane WamakatiI-panleukopeniaUkuguliswa Yigciwane Lamakati Elibulala Ukulwa NezifoUmdlavuza Wegazi WamakatiAmarabi

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Uhlelo lokugoma okuyisisekelo

Amaviki ayi-8: Ukugoma kokuqala Amaviki ayi-12: Ukugoma kwesibili + amarabiAmaviki ayi-16: Ukugoma kwesithathu

Ukugoma kwamarabi kwesibili kufanele kwenziwe phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-9 ukusuka kokokuqala.

Ukugoma futhi bekuvame ukwenziwa kanye njalo ngonyaka. Nakuba loku kungasatuswa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inja yakho noma ikati kuhlolwe okungenani kanye njalo ngonyaka.

Imigomo

Ukukhipha izikelemu

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Izikelemu ezinjeni namakati

Izinja namakati kuzithola kanjani izikelemu?Izikelemu noma izimunca-gazi zangaphakathi komzimba zingase zitholwe ngalezi zindlela:•ukukhothainhlabathinomaukuphuzaamanzianukubezekile

(angahlanzekile)•ukudlaamazezeanezifolawoanokudluliselaizikelemu

eziyisicaba•esibelethweningaphambikokuzalwaukusukakunina

kuya emidlwaneni•ngobisilukaninaukuyaemidlwaneniesancela•ngokudlaukudlaokulahliwenomaukuzingela• ngokudla ukudla okungaphekiwe, loko okungase kube nezikhwanyana zezikelemu eziyisicaba.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi izilwane sami sinezikelemu?Izilwane ezingabangane azivamile ukukhipha izikelemu, futhi noma zingase zikwenze, akulula ukuthi uzibone. Izimpawu zokubanjwa yizikelemu zingaba ngokunye kwaloku:•Indleenegazi•Ukungathandiukudla•I-anaemia(izinsinieziphaphathekilekanyenolwebulwamehlo)•Ukuhuda•Ukwehlakwesisindosomzimba•Ukukhulakancane•Ukubawutansungesisu(ubhupense)•Ukukhwehlela•Ukubayimpumputheeswenielilodwanomaomabili•Isithuthwane

Izikelemu (izikelemu ezingamahhuku, eziyindilinga neziyisicaba) zivame ukugulisa izinja namakati futhi zinokuhlasela nabantu.

Ukukhipha izikelemu

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Iziqephu zezikelemu eziyisicaba ziphuma lapho isilwane sizikhulula futhi zibonakala kalula endleni noma ngasendunu yesilwane. Lezi ziqephu zibukeka njengezinhlamvu zerayisi.

Ingabe kuyingozi ukubanjwa yizikelemu?Ukuba nezikelemu eziningi kungase kubange ukonakala kokugula kwamathumbu okuholela ekuhudeni futhi okungase kube negazi noma ujengezi olunjengamafinyila. Izikelemu ezithile zimunca igazi, okwenza isilwane silahlekelwe yigazi kuholele ekubeni buthaka ngisho nasekufeni. Izikelemu eziningi zingase zibhuloke amathumbu futhi ziholele ekufeni kwesilwane. Enye ingozi yezikelemu iwukudluliselwa kwazo kubantu zisuka enjeni noma ekatini. Izikelemu eziningi zingadala eziningi izinkinga zempilo ezimbi nakubantu.

Ngingazivikela kanjani mina?•Zikhathizonkegezaizandlaemvakokusebenza

ngezilwane zakho noma ukudlala nazo.•Naniniungavumeliizinjazakhonomaamakati

kukukhothe ebusweni.•Biyelaizingadizamavejiukuvimbelaizinjanoma

amakati kungazikhululeli khona.•Gezisisaonkeamavejingaphambikokuwadla•Ungalokothiuhlanganyeleizitshazokuphekanezilwane.•Naniniungaphakeliizilwanezakhoukudlaokuseleokungaphekiwe–qinisekaukuthi

kuphekwe kwavuthwa•Vamaukubulalaizikelemuezilwaneninakwabomndeniwakho.

Ngiyinyanga kanjani inja yami noma ikati mayelana nezikelemu?Leyo naleyo nja noma ikati osekukhule kwaqeda kufanele kunikwe isibulala-zikelemu njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-4 kuthi imidlwane yezinja neyamakati njalo ngezinyanga ezintathu. Loku kufanele kwenziwe ngokubambisana noMtholampilo Wezilwane Womphakathi oseduze nawe noma udokotela wezilwane.

Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nokubulala izikelemu kumalungu omndeni okungenani kabili ngonyaka – khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Isilwane sakho ungasiphakeli ukudla

okungaphekiwe Kungenzeka

kunezikhwanyana zezikelemu eziyisicaba.

Ukulawula izimunya-gazi

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Ngazi kanjani ukuthi inja yami noma ikati kunamazeze?Ubukhona bamazeze esilwaneni sakho kungabonakala ngokuthola amazeze asekhulile, “insila” yamazeze nomaamaqanda amazeze esikhunjeni. Lapho ungawathola khona amazeze esilwaneni sakho kaningi kusesiswini nasemathangeni ngaphakathi.

Amazeze asekhulile mancane, cishe angangekhanda likamakhanjana futhi awanamaphiko. Ahamba asheshe futhi agxuma amabanga amade. Imilenze yangemuva eqinile iwenza akwazi ukugxuma esuka kwesinye isilwane aye kwesinye noma ngisho nakubantu.

Empeleni “insila” yamazeze wumsimbane wamazeze futhi ibukeka njengamachashazakaphepha osakazeke esikhunjeni. Uma ibekwa ethawuleni lephepha elimanzi, ibukeka samachaphazelo egazi amancane. Amaqanda amazeze abukeka njengezinhlayiya zesihlabathi ezimhlophe ezincanyana. Sisonke isikhathi sokuphila kwezeze singaba yizinsuku eziyishumi nane kuphela. Uma noma yikuphi kwaloku kutholakala enjeni noma ekatini lakho, udinga ukuqalisa ukulwisana nalolu hlupho.

Ingabe amazeze ayingozi?Iningi lezinja namakati okulunywa amazeze kuyoba nokulunywa (kokuzenwaya), kodwa ezinye izinja namakati kungabe sekuba nokugula okubi kwesikhumba okubizwa ngokuthi wutwayilwasehlobo.Futhiamazezeathwalanezikelemuzezinjanamakati.Izilwanezakhozesuleleka ngezikelemu ngokuluma zigwinye amazeze azithwele.

Amazeze

Imbangela ewungqaphambili yezinkinga zesikhumba ezinjeni namakati yizeze elijwayelekile. Amazeze akhona unyaka wonke ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele noma ezilwaneni zasekhaya ezihlala endlini.


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Ngingawaqeda kanjani amazeze esilwaneni sami?Ukuze kulawulwe amazeze ngokushaya emhloleni, kufanele kuphazanyiswe umjikelezo wokuphila walezi zinambuzane ezincanyana ezinsundu. La mazeze amadala owabonayo ayingxenye eyiphesenti elilodwa kuphela lawo onke amazeze akhona. Lo omunye u-99% ungamaqanda angabonakali, amazeze asakhula asezingubeni zakho zokulala, efenisheni, embhedeni wenja yakho noma ikati, noma ngaphandle. Imikhiqizo enjengama-shampoo amazeze, amadiphu, izifutho nezimpushana kuyatholakala esuphamakethe. Qiniseka ukunyanga zonke izilwane ezisendlini. Uma amazeze emaningi kakhulu kungase kudingeke uyisebenze yonke indlu yakho nanegceke. Buza kudokotela wakho wezilwane ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo esebenza kahle futhi ephephe kakhulu.

UKUZE KULAWULWE AMAZEZE NGOKUSHAYA EMHLOLENI, KUfANELE KUPHAZANYISWE

UMjIKELEZO WOKUPHILA WALEZI ZINAMBUZANE EZINCANYANA EZINSUNdU.

Scratch!

Scratch!


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Ubuvunya

Izilwane zethu zinokuhlaselwa yizinhlotshana eziningana zobuvunya (izibungwana).

UBUVUNYA BAMAdLEBEUbuvunya buvamile emakatini noma izinja okusakhula. Buhlala ngaphakathi komgudu wendlebe nasendaweni ezungezile. Lobu buvunya buncanyana kodwa buyabonakala ngaphandle kwesibonakhulu. Isilwane sakho singacaphuna ubuvunya bamadlebe ngokuthintana eduze nesinye isilwane esinabo noma embhedeni waso.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi inja yami noma ikati kunobuvunya?Ubuvunya bamadlebe bungadala okukhulu ukuhlukumezeka emgudwini wendlebe. Izimpawu zobuvunya bamadlebe zihlanganisa ukunikinwa kakhulu kwekhanda nokunwaya amadlebe. Inja noma ikati kungase kunwaye kuze kuvele izilonda ezophayo ezizungeze amadlebe. Ukuphuma kojengezi olunsundu noma olumnyama, oluhambisana nephunga elibi kujwayelekile.

UkunyangwaAmadlebe kumelwe ahlanzwe ngesigaxana sikakotini esicwiliswe ku-liquid paraffin futhi kunikwe nomuthi wokwelapha. Buza udokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC.

UBUVUNYA BOTWAYIUbuvunya botwayi bubanga ukhwekhwe futhi buthinta izinja zabo bonke ubudala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ukuhlaselwa kubonakala ikakhulu ngasekupheleni kobusika. Lezi zibungwana zikhetha izindawo zomzimba ezingenabo kakhulu uboya futhi zingaqala esiswini, esiqalweni somsila noma ekhanda nasemlonyeni wenja. Izibungwana zotwayi zihamba ngaphansi kwesikhumba esingaphezulu senja futhi zibangele ukuluma okukhulu. Lezi zibungwana zincane kakhulu futhi zinokubonwa ngesibonakhulu kuphela.


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Ngazi kanjani ukuthi inja yami inoTwayi Lwe-sarcoptic?Izimpawu zotwayi zihlanganisa ukuqothuka koboya, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba nokwakheka koqweqwe oluphuzi. Loku kuluma okukhulu kungaholela ekuguleni kwesikhumba. Abantu abathintana eduze nenja enaloku kugula bangase baqubuke futhi kufanele babone udokotela (wabantu).

UkunyangwaKumelwe kunikwe imithi yokubulala ubuvunya botwayi kanye nokunye ukunyangwa kokupholisa isikhumba. Buza udokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC.

UBUVUNYA BEZIQU ZOBOYALolu yilona hlobo lotwayi oluvame kakhulu ezinjeni. Lezi zibungwana zincane kakhulu futhi uma zibhekwa ngesibonakhulu zibukeka njengezigazu (cigars). Zivame ukuhlala ngamaqoqwana amancane ezindlaleni zesikhumba noma eziqwini zoboya zezinja eziphile kahle. Kungaba yinkinga uma inja inesifo esithile, ingondlekile, icindezelekile, imithinomaincelisa.Futhiizinjaezisencane,ngaphansikwezinyangaezi-12-18ubudala,zihlaseleka lula.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi inja yami inoTwayi Lweziqu Zoboya?Bungahlasela noma hlobo luni lwenja, kodwa lezo ezinoboya obufishane yizo ezihlaselwa kakhulu. Inja ayilunywa kakhulu. Iqothuka uboya izibhadu; ngokuvamile kuqale ebusweni,ikakhulu ngasemehlweni. Eziwombeni ezimbi kakhulu lapho izindawo ezinkudlwana zomzimba zihlaseleka isikhumba sinamfuka okusamafutha sibe nephunga elibi kabi futhi inja iba nokulunywa nokuqubuka okubukeka njengezinduna.

Kumelwe kunyangwe unobangela oyisisekelo walesi simo. Uboya benja kumelwe bugundwe bese kuthi inja igezwe nge-shampoo eyisipesheli. Kumelwe kunikwe imithi yokubulala ubuvunya botwayi kanye nokunye ukunyangwa kokupholisa isikhumba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucela udokotela wakho wezilwane wase-CVC ukuba anyange isilwane sakho.

Ubuvunya bunokulawulwa

ngokudipha inja yakho njalo ngenyanga

ngesikhathi sasehlobo nalapho okokudipha kutholakala ebusika

emtholampilo wezilwane womphakathi.

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Imikhaza

Izinja noma amakati kungacaphuna imikhaza yezinja ephuzi ngokuhambahamba ezikhotheni nasendle, ngoba imikhaza yalolu hlobo engakaqedi ukukhula idla emabuzini nasemagundaneni asendle (izilwane eziququdayo). Umkhaza wasendlini yenja uvame ukutholakala eduze nezakhiwo futhi zonke izigaba zawo zobudala zidla ezilwaneni zasekhaya. Amakati awananyathelwa yimikhaza kangako. Imikhaza imunca igazi esilwaneni sakho futhi ikwazi ukusakaza izifo ezilwaneni zasekhaya nakubantu. Imfiva yemikhaza yisona sifo esivame kakhulu ezinjeni futhi singaholela ekufeni kwesilwane. Izinsini zesilwane esiphethwe yilesi sifo zibukeka ziphaphathekile, izilwane ziba yizijaka futhi zingakuthandi kahle ukudla.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi inja yami inemikhaza?Imikhaza itholakala ikakhulu entanyeni yenja, emadlebeni, nasezinyameni ezigoqekile phakathi kwemilenze nomzim-ba naphakathi kwezinzwane. Amakati angase abe nemikhaza entanyeni noma ebusweni.

Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zemikhaza ezivame ukutholakala ezilwaneni zethu zasekhaya, umkhaza wezinja ophuzi nomkhaza wasendlini yenja.


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KUfANELE KUQIKELELWE UKUBA KUNGATHINTWA IZINKETSHEZI ZEMIKHAZA NGOBA ZINGASE

ZIQUKATHE IZIfO.


UkunyangwaImikhaza ifanele ukususwa ngokuninda kahle umkhaza nge-Surgical spirits noma nge-Methylated spirits – uzoqathaka emizuzwini engaba yi-10. Imikhaza esemadlebeni ingabulawa ngokufaka amaconsi ambalwa e-Frontline endlebeni noma ngokuthela impushanayezinja noma i-karbadust phezu kwawo. Uma inja inemikhaza eminingi endlebeni futhi inikina ikhanda, kufanele iyiswe kudokotela wezilwane.

IMIKHAZA INOKULAWULWA NGOKUDIPHA INJA YAKHO NJALO NGENYANGA NGESIKHATHI SASEHLOBO NALAPHO OKOKUDIPHA KUTHOLAKALA EBUSIKA EMTHOLAMPILO WEZILWANE WOMPHAKATHI. KUBALULEKILE UKUGCINA OKOKULALA KWEZILWANE ZAKHO KUHLANZEKILE.

Ukuthena

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Ukuvala inzalo

Kungani kudingekile?Unyaka ngamunye izinkulungwane zezinja namakati, kuhlanganise nemidlwane, zibulawa ngokungenasidingo. Izindaba ezinhle ziwukuthi ngamunye umnini wesilwane esingumngane angawenza umehluko. Ngokwenza ukuthi inja yakho noma ikati kuvalwe inzalo ngokuhlinza kwesimanje, uyobamba iqhaza ekuvimbeleni ukuzalwa kwemidlwane engadingekile futhi uyothuthukisa impilo yesilwane sakho neqophelo lokuphila kwaso.

Ziyini izinzuzo zokususa isizalo nokuthena?Zombili lezi zinhlobo zokuhlinza ziholela ekuthuthukeni kwesikhathi eside kwempilo, kuvimbele imidlwane engafuneki futhi kususe eziningi zezinkinga zokuziphatha ezihambisana nemizwa yokufuna ukukhwelana.

Izinzuzo esilwaneni sakho sensikaziIzinjakazi zivukelwa cishe njalo emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, kuye ngohlobo lwenja. Ukuvukelwa kwenja yensikazi kungathatha izinsuku ezingama-21 okungathi ngazo inja yakho ihambe ishiya amabala egazi endlini futhi ibe nexhala, ibe nolaka futhi ngokuqondile izifunele umlingani (mate).

Amakati ensikazi angase avukelwe njalo emavikini amabili ngesikhathi sokuzalana aze amithe. Kulesi sikhathi angase enze izinto ezinjengokukliwula nokuchama ezindaweni ezingemukeleki.

Zombili izinsikazi zezinja nezamakati ziyazuza ekukhishweni isizalo okuqeda ukuvukelwa futhi ngokujwayelekile

Ngokwenza ukuthi inja yakho noma ikati kuvalwe

inzalo ngokuhlinza kwesimanje, uyobamba iqhaza

ekuvimbeleni ukuzalwa kwemidlwane engadingekile.

Ukukhipha isizalo ezinjeni zensikazi namakati, kanye nokuthena izinja namakati kwamaduna, wukususa izitho zokuzala ngokusika kukadokotela.

UKUKHIPHA ISIZALO NOKUTHENA

Ukuthena

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kunciphise ukuziphatha okungekuhle okungakhungathekisa umininisilwane aze ayosakhela phandle noma enze ukuba sibulawe. Ukukhishwa isizalo masinyane kwezinsikazi zezinja namakati kusiza ekuzivikeleni ezinkingeni ezinkulu kamuva ekuphileni njengezifo zemigudu yokuchama nomdlavuza wezindlala zobisi.

Izinzuzo esilwaneni sakho sedunaLapho esekhule ngokwanele (izinyanga ezi-6-9 zobudala) amaduna ezinja nawamakati ayakwaziukuzala.Kokubiliamadunaezinjanawamakatiangaseaqale“ukuphawula”umhlabawawo ngokufafaza umchamo onephunga elibukhali efenisheni yakho, emakhethinini, futhi cishenomaphiendlini.Futhi,laphoetholanelincanenjeithubaamadunaangaseaphunyuleekhaya eyofuna umlingani. Izinja ezifuna izinsikazi zingase zibe nolaka futhi zizilimaze noma zilimaze abantu ngokulwa. Ukuthena amaduna ezinja nawamakati kunciphisa isidingo sokuzalana futhi kungandisa ukuzola okwenza angabi nandaba kangako nokuzula kodwa athande ukuzihlalela ekhaya. Futhi ukuthena isilwane sakho kwenza ngcono impilo yasongokunciphisa amathuba ezifo ze-prostate, umdlavuza wamaphakulo nezinye.

Yisiphi isikhathi sobudala esihle kakhulu sokukhipha isilwane sami isizalo noma ukusithena?Inja noma ikati kungathenwa ngokusikwa kukadokotela cishe noma kubuphi ubudala, kodwa ukuvala inzalo ebudaleni bezinyanga eziyisithupha yiko okuhle kakhulu.

Ingabe loku kusikwa kuyothinta ikhono lesilwane sami lokufundiseka noma siyokhuluphala?Loku kuhlinzwa akunamthelela ekhonweni lesilwane lokufunda, ukudlala, ukusebenza noma ukuzingela.Futhiangekekusenzesikhuluphale.

Ilungu le-

Ngoba siyazi ukuthi kushoni kuwe,thina sikhona ukuze uphumelele.Abantu bakulo lonke elaseNingizimu Afrika bebelokhu besitshela ukuthi kushoni kubo ukuphumelela. Njengoba ungabona, wonke umuntu uneyakhe indlela le ndaba ayichaza ngayo. Kuko konke, kusho ngaphezulu kwemali nje. Kusho ukufuna ukuphila okungcono, loko okunendaba yokulandiswa. Thina siyaqonda. Yingakho, e-Absa, imikhiqizo yethu, amasevisi esiwanikayo, ukubolekisa esikwenzayo kanye neseluleko esisinikayo konke kukhona hhayi nje ukuze uphile kuphela kodwa ukuze uphumelele. Kushoni ‘ukuphumelela’ kuwe? Siza uvakashele i-absa.co.za/prosper bese usitshela.

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