igmp

• IGMP

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Internet Group Management Protocol IGMPv2 messages

1 Indicates the message type as follows: Membership Query (0x11), Membership Report (IGMPv1: 0x12,

IGMPv2: 0x16, IGMPv3: 0x22), Leave Group (0x17)


Internet Group Management Protocol IGMPv3 membership query

1 This is the 16-bit one's complement of the one's complement sum of the entire IGMP

message.


IGMP

1 The 'Internet Group Management Protocol' ('IGMP') is a

communications protocol used by Host (network)|hosts and adjacent Router (computing)|routers on IP

networks to establish multicast group memberships. IGMP is an integral

part of IP multicast.


IGMP

1 IGMP can be used for one-to-many networking applications such as

online streaming video and Online game|gaming, and allows more efficient use of resources when

supporting these types of applications.


IGMP

1 IGMP is used on IPv4 networks. Multicast management on IPv6

networks is handled by Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) which uses

ICMPv6 messaging in contrast to IGMP's bare IP encapsulation.


IGMP - Architecture

1 A network designed to deliver a multicast service using IGMP might use this basic

architecture:


IGMP - Architecture

1 IGMP operates between the client computer and a local multicast router.

Network switch|Switches featuring IGMP snooping derive useful information by

observing these IGMP transactions. Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) is

then used between the local and remote multicast routers, to direct multicast

traffic from the multicast server to many multicast clients.


IGMP - Architecture

1 IGMP operates above the network layer, just the same as other network management protocols like Internet

Control Message Protocol|ICMP.


IGMP - Architecture

1 The IGMP protocol is implemented on a particular host and within a Router (computing)|router. A host requests membership to a group through its

local router while a router listens for these requests and periodically sends out subscription queries.


IGMP - Architecture

1 IGMP is vulnerable to some attacks,Spoofed [http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/5020/info IGMP

report denial of service] vulnerability.[http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp

x?scid=kb;en-us;238329sd=tech Fragmented IGMP packet] may promote Denial of Service attack.

[http://www.securemulticast.org/GSEC/gsec3_ietf53_SecureIGMP1.pdf#search=%22igmp%20attacks%22

IGMP Security Problem Statement and Requirements].Microsoft Security Bulletin MS06-007:

[http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/Bulletin/MS06-007.mspx Vulnerability in TCP/IP Could Allow

Denial of Service (913446)].


IGMP - Standards

1 There are three versions of IGMP, as defined by Request for Comments (RFC) documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). IGMPv1 is defined by RFC 1112, IGMPv2 is defined by RFC 2236 and IGMPv3 was initially defined by RFC 3376 and has been updated by RFC 4604

which defines both IGMPv3 and MLDv2. IGMPv2 improves over IGMPv1 by adding the ability for

a host to signal desire to leave a multicast group. IGMPv3 improves over IGMPv2 mainly by

supporting source-specific multicast.


IGMP - Packet structure

1 IGMP messages are carried in bare IP packets with List of IP protocol

numbers|IP protocol number 2.RFC 3376 Section 4 There is no transport

layer used with IGMP messaging, similar to the Internet Control

Message Protocol.


IGMP - Packet structure

1 There are several types of IGMP messages: Membership Queries

(general and group-specific), Membership Reports, and Leave

Group messages.


IGMP - IGMPv2 messages

1 ; Type : Indicates the message type as follows: Membership Query

(0x11), Membership Report (IGMPv1: 0x12, IGMPv2: 0x16, IGMPv3: 0x22),

Leave Group (0x17)


IGMP - IGMPv3 membership query

1 ; Checksum : This is the 16-bit one's complement of the one's

complement sum of the entire IGMP message.


IGMP - Implementations

1 The FreeBSD,IGMPv3 was added to FreeBSD in version 8.0. LinuxIGMPv3

was added in the Linux 2.5 kernel series. and Microsoft Windows|

Windows operating systems support IGMP at the host side.


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