x2356+0

%87 =

ifjppkZfoKku

=Sekfld if=dko"kZ 2] vad 2vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k

¼bLok½ mÙkjk[kaM izHkkx rFkk mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;wdkWLV½

ds la;qDr rÙoko/kku esa izdkf'kr =Sekfld if=dk] varHkwZr mÙkjk[k.M jkT;

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ lekpkj i=d&

vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

;g if=dk foKku ds izpkj&izlkj gsrq] foKku&lq/kh ikBdksa ds vkxzg ij *izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;* ls fu%'kqYd

iznku dh tkrh gSA

SCIENCE

ASSOCIATION

WRITERS'IN

DIA

N

ISWA

Ikgy

u s tfoKkue~ yksdfgrk;

o"kZ 2] vad 2vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

=Sekfld if=dk

ifjppkZfoKku

© vigyan pricharcha, 2010

izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;e`R;qat; /kke] 18] 'kkL=h uxj] gfj}kj jksM] nsgjknwu&248001

Qksu % 0135-2669236

eksckby % 09759348564, 09412047994, 09897020782, 09837862096

bZesy % pahal_uttarakhand@yahoo.co.in

osclkbV % www.pahal_understanding.org

foKku ifjppkZ ds ys[kksa esa izdkf'kr lHkh fopkj ys[kdksa ds vius gSa rFkk ys[kdh; LorU=rk ds vUrxZr O;Dr fd;s x;s gSaA muds lkFk lEiknd vFkok izdk'kd dk lger gksuk ;k mu fopkjksa dk if=dk dh uhfr ls dksbZ lEcU/k gksuk vko';d ugha gSA

eqæd,Dlizs'ku fizUV ,aM xzkfQDl174 lqHkk"k uxj] nsgjknwu] 9219552563e: pacesanjay@rediffmail.com

izks- ,-,u- iqjksfgr] iwoZ dqyifr]

gs-u-c- x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] vkyeh vk¡py]MksHkkyokyk] nsgjknwu

MkW- jktsUæ MksHkky] egkfuns'kd]

mÙkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] nsgjknwu

MkW- ,l-,l- usxh] funs'kd]

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- ,l-lh- lDlsuk] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] :M+dh

MkW- ,-ds- xqIrk] funs'kd] okfM+;k fgeky; HkwfoKku laLFkku]

nsgjknwu

MkW- eukst iVsfj;k] funs'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izks|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~]ubZ fnYyh

MkW yhyk/kj txwM+h] lhrkdqVhj] cnjhiqj]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ,e-vks- xxZ] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; isVªksfy;e laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- /khjsUæ 'kekZ] funs'kd]

lsaVj QkWj lkbal ikWfylh fjlpZ] fueZy fuy;]Hkxoariqj] nsgjknwu

lykgdkj e.MyMkW- jfo pksiM+k]

ihiqYl lkbal baLVhV~;wV]252] olar fogkj] Qst&1]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ch-,l- fc"V] dqyifr]

th-ch-iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxj

MkW- th-,l- jkSrsyk] egkfuns'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku laxzgky; ifj"kn~] dksfydkrk

MkW- Mh-ds- ik.Ms] jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn]

ubZ fnYyh

MkW vuqt flUgk]lykgdkj] foKku izlkj

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx]Hkkjr ljdkj

MkW ,y-,e-,l- ikyuh] funs'kd]

xksfoUn cYyHk iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k fodkl laLFkku] dVkjey dkslh]

vYeksM+k

izksΠjkelkxj]funs'kd]

vk;ZHkÍ izs{k.k foKku laLFkku] uSuhrky

MkŒ txnh'k pUæ Hkê]funs'kd]

foosdkuUn ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+k

vf/k'kklh lEiknd

nsoh izlkn mfu;ky]ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~] ¼;wdkWLV½

izcU/k lEiknddeyk iUr]v/;{k] ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½

iz/kku lEikndeqdqUn uhyd.B tks'kh,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½]Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

lEiknu lg;ksx'kf'kdkUr xqIr,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

vt; dqekj fc;kuh,lksf'k,V izksQslj] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

uhykEcj iqusBkftyk leUo;d] ;w&dkLV] fiFkkSjkx<+

v'kksd dqekj iarjkT; leUo;d] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl] mÙkjk[k.M

fnus'k pUæ 'kekZxzkŒ o iksLV eLoklh] rglhy Lokj] jkeiqj] ¼m-iz-½

ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k

¼bLok½ mÙkjk[kaM izHkkx rFkk mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;wdkWLV½

ds la;qDr rÙoko/kku esa izdkf'kr =Sekfld if=dk] varHkwZr mÙkjk[k.M jkT;

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ lekpkj i=d&

vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

;g if=dk foKku ds izpkj&izlkj gsrq] foKku&lq/kh ikBdksa ds vkxzg ij *izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;* ls fu%'kqYd

iznku dh tkrh gSA

SCIENCE

ASSOCIATION

WRITERS'IN

DIA

N

ISWA

Ikgy

u s tfoKkue~ yksdfgrk;

o"kZ 2] vad 2vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

=Sekfld if=dk

ifjppkZfoKku

© vigyan pricharcha, 2010

izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;e`R;qat; /kke] 18] 'kkL=h uxj] gfj}kj jksM] nsgjknwu&248001

Qksu % 0135-2669236

eksckby % 09759348564, 09412047994, 09897020782, 09837862096

bZesy % pahal_uttarakhand@yahoo.co.in

osclkbV % www.pahal_understanding.org

foKku ifjppkZ ds ys[kksa esa izdkf'kr lHkh fopkj ys[kdksa ds vius gSa rFkk ys[kdh; LorU=rk ds vUrxZr O;Dr fd;s x;s gSaA muds lkFk lEiknd vFkok izdk'kd dk lger gksuk ;k mu fopkjksa dk if=dk dh uhfr ls dksbZ lEcU/k gksuk vko';d ugha gSA

eqæd,Dlizs'ku fizUV ,aM xzkfQDl174 lqHkk"k uxj] nsgjknwu] 9219552563e: pacesanjay@rediffmail.com

izks- ,-,u- iqjksfgr] iwoZ dqyifr]

gs-u-c- x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] vkyeh vk¡py]MksHkkyokyk] nsgjknwu

MkW- jktsUæ MksHkky] egkfuns'kd]

mÙkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] nsgjknwu

MkW- ,l-,l- usxh] funs'kd]

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- ,l-lh- lDlsuk] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] :M+dh

MkW- ,-ds- xqIrk] funs'kd] okfM+;k fgeky; HkwfoKku laLFkku]

nsgjknwu

MkW- eukst iVsfj;k] funs'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izks|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~]ubZ fnYyh

MkW yhyk/kj txwM+h] lhrkdqVhj] cnjhiqj]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ,e-vks- xxZ] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; isVªksfy;e laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- /khjsUæ 'kekZ] funs'kd]

lsaVj QkWj lkbal ikWfylh fjlpZ] fueZy fuy;]Hkxoariqj] nsgjknwu

lykgdkj e.MyMkW- jfo pksiM+k]

ihiqYl lkbal baLVhV~;wV]252] olar fogkj] Qst&1]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ch-,l- fc"V] dqyifr]

th-ch-iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxj

MkW- th-,l- jkSrsyk] egkfuns'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku laxzgky; ifj"kn~] dksfydkrk

MkW- Mh-ds- ik.Ms] jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn]

ubZ fnYyh

MkW vuqt flUgk]lykgdkj] foKku izlkj

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx]Hkkjr ljdkj

MkW ,y-,e-,l- ikyuh] funs'kd]

xksfoUn cYyHk iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k fodkl laLFkku] dVkjey dkslh]

vYeksM+k

izksΠjkelkxj]funs'kd]

vk;ZHkÍ izs{k.k foKku laLFkku] uSuhrky

MkŒ txnh'k pUæ Hkê]funs'kd]

foosdkuUn ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+k

vf/k'kklh lEiknd

nsoh izlkn mfu;ky]ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~] ¼;wdkWLV½

izcU/k lEiknddeyk iUr]v/;{k] ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½

iz/kku lEikndeqdqUn uhyd.B tks'kh,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½]Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

lEiknu lg;ksx'kf'kdkUr xqIr,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

vt; dqekj fc;kuh,lksf'k,V izksQslj] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

uhykEcj iqusBkftyk leUo;d] ;w&dkLV] fiFkkSjkx<+

v'kksd dqekj iarjkT; leUo;d] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl] mÙkjk[k.M

fnus'k pUæ 'kekZxzkŒ o iksLV eLoklh] rglhy Lokj] jkeiqj] ¼m-iz-½

vuqØe

ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

lEikndh;

izsj.kk lzksr egku xf.krK & Jhfuokl jkekuqtu dh 125 oha t;arh ij Lej.k

Hkkjrh; n'kZu vkSj foKku & /khjUs nz 'kekZ

mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku laLFkku & 4 & lxa gz ky; ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku] ngs jknuw

/kkfeZd] lkfgfR;d o vkS"k/kh; o`{k gkjflaxkj & lUrk"s k vxoz ky

Mksfiax na'k & [ksyksa esa izfrcaf/kr nokvksa dk c<+rk iz;ksx & fnu's k ef.k

foKku dfork & i`Foh lHkh izkf.k;ksa dk ?kj & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx lekpkj i=d

igy ds lekpkj

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl nks n'kd dk lQj & v'kkds deq kj iUr

yksdra= dh peRdkjh e'khu! & ^bZySDVªksfud oksfVax e'khu* & uhuk xIq rk

ikfjra= dh dgkuh % 6 & fgj.kksa ij c<+rs vR;kpkj & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

04

05

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i'kq/ku fodkl esa Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dk ;ksxnku & Mk0 fodk'k pUnz ,oa Mk0 th0 r# 'kekZ

lkef;dh & vkbZus esa Hkkjrh; foKku & vt; deq kj fc;kuh

foKku oxZ igsyh & 5 & fot; [k.Mjq h

44

46

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vuqØe

ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

lEikndh;

izsj.kk lzksr egku xf.krK & Jhfuokl jkekuqtu dh 125 oha t;arh ij Lej.k

Hkkjrh; n'kZu vkSj foKku & /khjUs nz 'kekZ

mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku laLFkku & 4 & lxa gz ky; ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku] ngs jknuw

/kkfeZd] lkfgfR;d o vkS"k/kh; o`{k gkjflaxkj & lUrk"s k vxoz ky

Mksfiax na'k & [ksyksa esa izfrcaf/kr nokvksa dk c<+rk iz;ksx & fnu's k ef.k

foKku dfork & i`Foh lHkh izkf.k;ksa dk ?kj & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx lekpkj i=d

igy ds lekpkj

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl nks n'kd dk lQj & v'kkds deq kj iUr

yksdra= dh peRdkjh e'khu! & ^bZySDVªksfud oksfVax e'khu* & uhuk xIq rk

ikfjra= dh dgkuh % 6 & fgj.kksa ij c<+rs vR;kpkj & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

04

05

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36

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43

i'kq/ku fodkl esa Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dk ;ksxnku & Mk0 fodk'k pUnz ,oa Mk0 th0 r# 'kekZ

lkef;dh & vkbZus esa Hkkjrh; foKku & vt; deq kj fc;kuh

foKku oxZ igsyh & 5 & fot; [k.Mjq h

44

46

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04 05

laikndh;

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

uo o"kZ dh gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,¡

lq/khikBdksa ds lEeq[k ^foKku ifjppkZ* o"kZ 2 ¼vad 2½ izLrqr gSA izos'kkad ¼tqykbZ&flrEcj 2010½ ls vc rd dh ;k=k 5 vadksa dh gks pqdh gSA mRlkgo/kZd ifj.kke vk,¡ gSaA MkŒ eqdqan uhydaB tks'kh th us izos'kkad dh ^laikndh; iz.kkekatfy* esa tks dqN mn~xkj O;Dr fd;s os v{kj'k% QyhHkwr gksrs fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA mUgksausa fy[kk Fkk] ÞfoKku ifjppkZ dk izos'kkad vkids lEeq[k izLrqr gSA ----ge mÙkjk[kaM esa ,d ,Slk eap LFkkiuk djus tk jgs gSa ftlds ek/;e ls ;gk¡ ds foKku ys[kdksa dks vius v/;;u ds ifj.kkeksa dks loZtu lqyHk djus dk volj feys----- tulkekU; ds chp oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k dk fodkl gks] ikBdksa dks mudh viuh Hkk"kk esa v/kqukru oSKkfud rF;ksa----- dh tkudkjh feys]----- va/kfo'oklksa rFkk vrkfdZd ijaijkvksa ds tatky ls eqfDr ikdj oSKkfud lksp ds lkFk vfHkO;fDr ds ek/;e ls bDdhloha lnh dh vksj------- vxzlj gksaA------- geus ^foKku ifjppkZ* ds ek/;e ls cl bl 'kwU;rk dks Hkjus dk iz;kl fd;k gS------ß nwljs vad ls ¼vDVwcj&fnl0] 2010½ gh ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k,¡ izkIr gksuk ,d vR;f/kd mRlkgo/kZd lacy FkkA

Þgesa vc rd izkIr izfrfØ;kvksa ls ;g fl) gksrk gS fd ge lgh ekxZ ij py jgsa gSaß ¼lEikndh;] oxZ 1] vad 4½A o"kZ 2] vad 1 dk ^lEikndh;* MkŒ ,Œ dsŒ fc;kuh us fy[kk ftlesa foKku ,oa Hkz"Vkpkj tSls Toyar fo"k; dks mBk;k x;k tks fuf'pr gh fpUrk dk dkj.k gSA

MkŒ eqdqUn uhydaB tks'kh ¼iz/kku lEiknd½ vius ikfjokfjd nkf;Roksa ds fuoZgu gsrq vktdy vesfjdk esa gSaA vr% bl vad dks laokjus o lEikndh; fy[kus dk nkf;Ro eq> ij vk x;kA fiNysa 40 o"kksZa ds f'k{k.k ds ckn ,d ckr rks fujarj mn~osfyr djrh jgh fd Lora=rk ds 65 o"kksZa ds vUrjky esa Hkkjr us cgqr ls {ks=ksa esa fn[kus okyh izxfr rks dh] ij f'k{kk ds {ks= esa tks dqN gksuk pkfg;s Fkk og 'kk;n ugha gqvkA rHkh rks lapkj ek/;eksa esa Þi<+kbZ T;+knk] Kku deß] Þ73 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr dk uEcj vkf[kj ls nwljk jgk]ß Þxf.kr] foKku o jhfMax ¼okpu½ es Hkkjrh; Ldwyh cPps fdfxZLrku ls gh dqN vPNs jgsß !!! vkfn 'kh"kZd iafDr;k¡ ;k lekpkj iafDr;k¡ f'k{kk dh cngkyh dks c;ka djrh gSaA ;g ogh ns'k gS tgk¡ ,d vksj orZeku o"kZ dks egku xf.krK Mk0 jkekuqtu dh 125oha t;arh ds volj ij jk"Vªh; xf.kr&o"kZ ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k vkSj ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd izfr o"kZ 22 fnlEcj dks xf.kr fnol ds #i esa euk;k tk;sxk] rks nwljh vksj gky gh esa ^izksxzke Q+kj bUVjus'kuy LVwMsaV vlsleSaV* uked laLFkk us 73 ns'kksa ds 15 o"khZ; fo|kfFkZ;ksa es okpu djus ¼i<+us½] xf.kr o foKku dh {kerkvksa dk vkadyu fd;k vkSj ik;k fd phu ¼'ka?kkbZ½] nf{k.k dksfj;k] fQuySaM] gk¡x&dk¡x] flaxkiqj] tkiku vkfn ds fo|kFkhZ bu lHkh fo/kkvksa esa 'kh"kZLFk LFkku ij Fks vkSj Hkkjr dk LFkku vkf[k+j ls nwljk jgkA mPp f'k{kk ds Lrj ij Hkh Hkkjr dh fLFkfr cgqr vPNh ugha gSA dksbZ Hkkjrh; fo'ofo|ky; fo'o ds Js"B fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ugha fxuk tk ldrkA f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa futh {ks= dk n[ky c<+k gS] ysfdu futh f'k{kk xq.koÙkk dk fodYi ugha gSA futh laLFkkuksa dk ,dek= y{; vPNs ifj.kke ykuk gksrk gS] blfy, os fdrkcksa dks yknus vkSj jVkus ij t+ksj nsrs gSaA bl dkj.k cPps 'kk;n fdlh izfrf"Br mPp f'k{kk laLFkku esa HkrhZ gksus ;k ukSdjh ikus yk;d rks gks tk,¡] ijUrq mudk lokZaxh.k fodkl dgha viw.kZ jg tkrk gSA 'kk;n ;gh dkj.k gS fd mPp dksfV ds 'kks/kdrkZ] oSKkfud o f'k{kdksa dh deh dk jkx vykirs vDlj lquk tk ldrk gSA u;k i<+kus dh gksM+ esa uhfr&fu/kkZjdksa us vk/kkj&Hkwr foKku ij dqBkjk?kkr fd;k gSaA ^us'kuy fLdy MsosyiesaV dkÅ¡fly* ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa] tgk¡ vk/kh tula[;k dh vk;q 35 ls de gS] ogk¡ fdlh O;fDr dks jkst+xkj ;ksX; ikuk csjkst+xkjh ls Hkh vf/kd xgu leL;k gSA

vkt Hkkjr ds le{k lcls cM+h pqukSrh ;g gS fd ;fn 2022 rd gesa 50 djksM+ ls Hkh vf/kd yksxksa dks dk;Zdq'ky cukuk gS rks vxys 2&3 o"kksZa esa dkS'ky&{kerk dk fodkl djuk gksxkA ;g {kerk 2008&2009 esa yxHkx 45 yk[k Fkh ftls 2013&2014 rd 4 djksM+ djuk gksxkA

foKku&f'k{kk o f'k{k.k esa vf/kd /;ku nsuk gksxkA vk/kkjHkwr Kku ds vfrfjDr foKku dks viuh Hkk"kk esa le>us] le>kus o fy[kus dh {kerkvksa esa Hkh o`f) djuh gksxhA vxj ,d Kku&vk/kkfjr vFkZO;oLFkk ¼ukWyst bdksukeh½ gesa cuuk gS rks dBksj dne mBkus gksasxsaA iqu% uo o"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeukvksa lfgrA

Mk0 'kf'k dkUr xqIrk

izxfr dk NBk lksiku-------ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

fganh Hkk"kk esa mÙkjk[kaM dh ;g ,d izeq[k =Sekfld foKku izf=dk gSA fo"k; foU;kl o fofo/krk] yqHkkouh lkt

lTtk] laiw.kZ if=dk dh NikbZ] jaxksa o Nk;k fp=ksa dk p;u] iBu lkexzh ds egRo dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, muds

NksVs&cMs vkdkj] Hkkjrh; o fo"k; ds oSKkfudksa ij jkspd lwpuk,sa] ;qok o izkS<+ ys[kdksa dk feJ.k vkfn lHkh

dqN laiknd ds vuqHko] vfHk:fp] fo}rk ,oa iw.kZ leiZ.k dks n'kZrs gSaA oSls rks if=dk lekt ds lHkh oxksZ dks

vkdf"kZr djuh pkfg;s & fQj Hkh fo'ks"k n`f"V fo|ky;ksa ds cky o ;qok Nk=&Nk=kvksa ij dsfUnzr fn[krh gSA ;g

iz;kl bl oxZ esa foKku ds izfr :fp ,oa ltxrk c<kusa esa mÙkjksÙkj lQy gks & if=dk dks fujarj tks'kh tSls

oSKkfudksa dk laj{k.k feyrk jgs & ,slh esjh 'kqHkekeuk gSA izks t;d`".k

¼ls- fu-½ Hkw foKku foHkkxk/;{k

dk'kh fganw fo'ofo|ky;

dy gh ns[kh vkidh lqUnj if=dkA esjs ckjs esa vkius tks fy[kk] mls i<+dj

vfHkHkwr gw¡A 'kk;n gh fdlh us dHkh esjh vkSj esjs dke dh bruh iz'kalk dh gksA

og Hkh bruh ehBh vkSj l'kDr Hkk"kk esaA [kMx flag o

fYn;k

tokgjyky usg# lsUVj Qkj ,MokULM l

kbZUVhfQd fjlpZ]

cSaxyw:

vkidh izfrf"Br izf=dk ÞßfoKku ifjppkZß dk o"kZ 1] vad 4] vizSy&twu 2011 esa izdkf'kr foKkulkfgR; mPpLrjh; yxkA eq>s vkpk;Z [kMx flag cfYn;k] foKku f'k{kk uhfr] foKku dh vko';drk vkSj mldk lekt ij izHkko] ikuh] U;wfVªuks] ued] Qhft;ksfFkjSih ls lacaf/kr ys[k cgqr vPNs yxsA 'ks"k lkexzh Hkh ubZ tkudkfj;ksa ls ;qDr gSA ys[kksa ds p;u] la;kstu] izLrqfrdj.k vkSj dq'ky lEiknu ds fy, esjh c/kkbZ vkSj vfHkoknu Lohdkj djsaA

izsepUnz JhokLroiwoZ lEikn] ÞfoKkuß

foKku ifj"kn iz;kx] egf"kZ n;kuUn ekxZ bykgckn] eks- u] & 09451051033

foKku ifjppkZ ds ik¡p vadksa dh izfr;k¡ esjs le{k vc rd vk pqdh gaS vkSj eSa bl

if=dk ds fnuks&fnu fodflr gksrs gq;s dysoj ls vR;f/kd lUrqf"V eglwl djrk

gw¡A foKku dks vke Hkk"kk esa fdl izdkj tu&tu rd igq¡pk;k tkuk pkfg,] bl

if=dk ds ys[kksa] ys[ku 'kSyh o muds fo"k;ksa ls izekf.kr gks tkrk gSA vk'kk djrk

gw¡ fd Hkfo"; esa izdkf'kr gksus okys vad foKku izpkj&izlkj ds fy, mi;ksxh fl)

gksxsaA izf=dk izdk'ku ds fy, lEiknd e.My c/kkbZ dk ik= gSAMk- vkj- ds ik.Ms;izkpk;Z] fdlku g"kZ dkWyst] cLrh] mRrj izns'k

04 05

laikndh;

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

uo o"kZ dh gkfnZd 'kqHkdkeuk,¡

lq/khikBdksa ds lEeq[k ^foKku ifjppkZ* o"kZ 2 ¼vad 2½ izLrqr gSA izos'kkad ¼tqykbZ&flrEcj 2010½ ls vc rd dh ;k=k 5 vadksa dh gks pqdh gSA mRlkgo/kZd ifj.kke vk,¡ gSaA MkŒ eqdqan uhydaB tks'kh th us izos'kkad dh ^laikndh; iz.kkekatfy* esa tks dqN mn~xkj O;Dr fd;s os v{kj'k% QyhHkwr gksrs fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA mUgksausa fy[kk Fkk] ÞfoKku ifjppkZ dk izos'kkad vkids lEeq[k izLrqr gSA ----ge mÙkjk[kaM esa ,d ,Slk eap LFkkiuk djus tk jgs gSa ftlds ek/;e ls ;gk¡ ds foKku ys[kdksa dks vius v/;;u ds ifj.kkeksa dks loZtu lqyHk djus dk volj feys----- tulkekU; ds chp oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k dk fodkl gks] ikBdksa dks mudh viuh Hkk"kk esa v/kqukru oSKkfud rF;ksa----- dh tkudkjh feys]----- va/kfo'oklksa rFkk vrkfdZd ijaijkvksa ds tatky ls eqfDr ikdj oSKkfud lksp ds lkFk vfHkO;fDr ds ek/;e ls bDdhloha lnh dh vksj------- vxzlj gksaA------- geus ^foKku ifjppkZ* ds ek/;e ls cl bl 'kwU;rk dks Hkjus dk iz;kl fd;k gS------ß nwljs vad ls ¼vDVwcj&fnl0] 2010½ gh ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k,¡ izkIr gksuk ,d vR;f/kd mRlkgo/kZd lacy FkkA

Þgesa vc rd izkIr izfrfØ;kvksa ls ;g fl) gksrk gS fd ge lgh ekxZ ij py jgsa gSaß ¼lEikndh;] oxZ 1] vad 4½A o"kZ 2] vad 1 dk ^lEikndh;* MkŒ ,Œ dsŒ fc;kuh us fy[kk ftlesa foKku ,oa Hkz"Vkpkj tSls Toyar fo"k; dks mBk;k x;k tks fuf'pr gh fpUrk dk dkj.k gSA

MkŒ eqdqUn uhydaB tks'kh ¼iz/kku lEiknd½ vius ikfjokfjd nkf;Roksa ds fuoZgu gsrq vktdy vesfjdk esa gSaA vr% bl vad dks laokjus o lEikndh; fy[kus dk nkf;Ro eq> ij vk x;kA fiNysa 40 o"kksZa ds f'k{k.k ds ckn ,d ckr rks fujarj mn~osfyr djrh jgh fd Lora=rk ds 65 o"kksZa ds vUrjky esa Hkkjr us cgqr ls {ks=ksa esa fn[kus okyh izxfr rks dh] ij f'k{kk ds {ks= esa tks dqN gksuk pkfg;s Fkk og 'kk;n ugha gqvkA rHkh rks lapkj ek/;eksa esa Þi<+kbZ T;+knk] Kku deß] Þ73 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr dk uEcj vkf[kj ls nwljk jgk]ß Þxf.kr] foKku o jhfMax ¼okpu½ es Hkkjrh; Ldwyh cPps fdfxZLrku ls gh dqN vPNs jgsß !!! vkfn 'kh"kZd iafDr;k¡ ;k lekpkj iafDr;k¡ f'k{kk dh cngkyh dks c;ka djrh gSaA ;g ogh ns'k gS tgk¡ ,d vksj orZeku o"kZ dks egku xf.krK Mk0 jkekuqtu dh 125oha t;arh ds volj ij jk"Vªh; xf.kr&o"kZ ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k vkSj ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd izfr o"kZ 22 fnlEcj dks xf.kr fnol ds #i esa euk;k tk;sxk] rks nwljh vksj gky gh esa ^izksxzke Q+kj bUVjus'kuy LVwMsaV vlsleSaV* uked laLFkk us 73 ns'kksa ds 15 o"khZ; fo|kfFkZ;ksa es okpu djus ¼i<+us½] xf.kr o foKku dh {kerkvksa dk vkadyu fd;k vkSj ik;k fd phu ¼'ka?kkbZ½] nf{k.k dksfj;k] fQuySaM] gk¡x&dk¡x] flaxkiqj] tkiku vkfn ds fo|kFkhZ bu lHkh fo/kkvksa esa 'kh"kZLFk LFkku ij Fks vkSj Hkkjr dk LFkku vkf[k+j ls nwljk jgkA mPp f'k{kk ds Lrj ij Hkh Hkkjr dh fLFkfr cgqr vPNh ugha gSA dksbZ Hkkjrh; fo'ofo|ky; fo'o ds Js"B fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa ugha fxuk tk ldrkA f'k{kk O;oLFkk esa futh {ks= dk n[ky c<+k gS] ysfdu futh f'k{kk xq.koÙkk dk fodYi ugha gSA futh laLFkkuksa dk ,dek= y{; vPNs ifj.kke ykuk gksrk gS] blfy, os fdrkcksa dks yknus vkSj jVkus ij t+ksj nsrs gSaA bl dkj.k cPps 'kk;n fdlh izfrf"Br mPp f'k{kk laLFkku esa HkrhZ gksus ;k ukSdjh ikus yk;d rks gks tk,¡] ijUrq mudk lokZaxh.k fodkl dgha viw.kZ jg tkrk gSA 'kk;n ;gh dkj.k gS fd mPp dksfV ds 'kks/kdrkZ] oSKkfud o f'k{kdksa dh deh dk jkx vykirs vDlj lquk tk ldrk gSA u;k i<+kus dh gksM+ esa uhfr&fu/kkZjdksa us vk/kkj&Hkwr foKku ij dqBkjk?kkr fd;k gSaA ^us'kuy fLdy MsosyiesaV dkÅ¡fly* ds vuqlkj Hkkjr esa] tgk¡ vk/kh tula[;k dh vk;q 35 ls de gS] ogk¡ fdlh O;fDr dks jkst+xkj ;ksX; ikuk csjkst+xkjh ls Hkh vf/kd xgu leL;k gSA

vkt Hkkjr ds le{k lcls cM+h pqukSrh ;g gS fd ;fn 2022 rd gesa 50 djksM+ ls Hkh vf/kd yksxksa dks dk;Zdq'ky cukuk gS rks vxys 2&3 o"kksZa esa dkS'ky&{kerk dk fodkl djuk gksxkA ;g {kerk 2008&2009 esa yxHkx 45 yk[k Fkh ftls 2013&2014 rd 4 djksM+ djuk gksxkA

foKku&f'k{kk o f'k{k.k esa vf/kd /;ku nsuk gksxkA vk/kkjHkwr Kku ds vfrfjDr foKku dks viuh Hkk"kk esa le>us] le>kus o fy[kus dh {kerkvksa esa Hkh o`f) djuh gksxhA vxj ,d Kku&vk/kkfjr vFkZO;oLFkk ¼ukWyst bdksukeh½ gesa cuuk gS rks dBksj dne mBkus gksasxsaA iqu% uo o"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeukvksa lfgrA

Mk0 'kf'k dkUr xqIrk

izxfr dk NBk lksiku-------ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

fganh Hkk"kk esa mÙkjk[kaM dh ;g ,d izeq[k =Sekfld foKku izf=dk gSA fo"k; foU;kl o fofo/krk] yqHkkouh lkt

lTtk] laiw.kZ if=dk dh NikbZ] jaxksa o Nk;k fp=ksa dk p;u] iBu lkexzh ds egRo dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, muds

NksVs&cMs vkdkj] Hkkjrh; o fo"k; ds oSKkfudksa ij jkspd lwpuk,sa] ;qok o izkS<+ ys[kdksa dk feJ.k vkfn lHkh

dqN laiknd ds vuqHko] vfHk:fp] fo}rk ,oa iw.kZ leiZ.k dks n'kZrs gSaA oSls rks if=dk lekt ds lHkh oxksZ dks

vkdf"kZr djuh pkfg;s & fQj Hkh fo'ks"k n`f"V fo|ky;ksa ds cky o ;qok Nk=&Nk=kvksa ij dsfUnzr fn[krh gSA ;g

iz;kl bl oxZ esa foKku ds izfr :fp ,oa ltxrk c<kusa esa mÙkjksÙkj lQy gks & if=dk dks fujarj tks'kh tSls

oSKkfudksa dk laj{k.k feyrk jgs & ,slh esjh 'kqHkekeuk gSA izks t;d`".k

¼ls- fu-½ Hkw foKku foHkkxk/;{k

dk'kh fganw fo'ofo|ky;

dy gh ns[kh vkidh lqUnj if=dkA esjs ckjs esa vkius tks fy[kk] mls i<+dj

vfHkHkwr gw¡A 'kk;n gh fdlh us dHkh esjh vkSj esjs dke dh bruh iz'kalk dh gksA

og Hkh bruh ehBh vkSj l'kDr Hkk"kk esaA [kMx flag o

fYn;k

tokgjyky usg# lsUVj Qkj ,MokULM l

kbZUVhfQd fjlpZ]

cSaxyw:

vkidh izfrf"Br izf=dk ÞßfoKku ifjppkZß dk o"kZ 1] vad 4] vizSy&twu 2011 esa izdkf'kr foKkulkfgR; mPpLrjh; yxkA eq>s vkpk;Z [kMx flag cfYn;k] foKku f'k{kk uhfr] foKku dh vko';drk vkSj mldk lekt ij izHkko] ikuh] U;wfVªuks] ued] Qhft;ksfFkjSih ls lacaf/kr ys[k cgqr vPNs yxsA 'ks"k lkexzh Hkh ubZ tkudkfj;ksa ls ;qDr gSA ys[kksa ds p;u] la;kstu] izLrqfrdj.k vkSj dq'ky lEiknu ds fy, esjh c/kkbZ vkSj vfHkoknu Lohdkj djsaA

izsepUnz JhokLroiwoZ lEikn] ÞfoKkuß

foKku ifj"kn iz;kx] egf"kZ n;kuUn ekxZ bykgckn] eks- u] & 09451051033

foKku ifjppkZ ds ik¡p vadksa dh izfr;k¡ esjs le{k vc rd vk pqdh gaS vkSj eSa bl

if=dk ds fnuks&fnu fodflr gksrs gq;s dysoj ls vR;f/kd lUrqf"V eglwl djrk

gw¡A foKku dks vke Hkk"kk esa fdl izdkj tu&tu rd igq¡pk;k tkuk pkfg,] bl

if=dk ds ys[kksa] ys[ku 'kSyh o muds fo"k;ksa ls izekf.kr gks tkrk gSA vk'kk djrk

gw¡ fd Hkfo"; esa izdkf'kr gksus okys vad foKku izpkj&izlkj ds fy, mi;ksxh fl)

gksxsaA izf=dk izdk'ku ds fy, lEiknd e.My c/kkbZ dk ik= gSAMk- vkj- ds ik.Ms;izkpk;Z] fdlku g"kZ dkWyst] cLrh] mRrj izns'k

06 07

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ysfdu mUgksaus jkekuqtu dks 100 esa iwjs 100 vad fn, FksA

mUgksaus jkekuqtu dks dSfczt vkus ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;kA izksQslj gkMhZ ds iz;klksa ls jkekuqtu dks dSfczt tkus ds fy, vkfFkZd lgk;rk Hkh fey xbZA vius ,d fo'ks"k 'kks/k ds dkj.k mUgsa dSfczt fo'ofo|ky; }kjk ch-,- dh mikf/k Hkh feyh] ysfdu ogka dh tyok;q vkSj jgu&lgu esa os <y ugha ik,A

miyfC/k;k¡

jkekuqtu us ^,ukysfVdy F;ksjh vkQ uEcjl* ¼la[;kvksa dk fo'ksy"kukRed fl)k¡r½ ds #i esa vHkwriwoZ ;ksxnku fn;k o izeq[k #i ls mUgksaus ^bfyfIVd QUd'kal* ¼in&U;wurk fØ;kvksa½] ^dUVhU;wM ÝSD'ku* ¼fujUrjrk fHk™k½ o ^buQkbZukbZV lhjht+* ¼vifjfer Ja[kyk½ ij vf/kd dk;Z fd;kA 1902 esa mUgksaus ^D;wfcd bDos'kal* ¼?kuQy lehdj.k½ dks dSls gy fd;k tkrk gS] ;g dj fn[kk;kA tc jkekuqtu VkÅu gkbZ Ldwy esa Fks rks mUgsa th- ,l- dkj uked ys[kd dh iqLrd ^fluksfIll vkWQ ,yhesaUVjh fjtYV~l bu I;ksj esFkseSfVDl* dk v/;;u djus dk volj feykA bl iqLrd esa izes; ¼F;ksje½] lw= o laf{kIr&izekf.kdrk,¡ ¼'kkWVZ izwQ½ FkhaaA bl iqLrd esa xf.kr ds mu 'kks/k&i=ksa dh lwph Hkh Fkh tks 19oha 'krkCnh ds iwokZ/kZ esa fofHk™k ;wjksfi;u 'kks/k&if=dkvksa esa izdkf'kr gq, FksA bl iqLrd dh ys[ku dyk us mUgsa cgqr izHkkfor fd;k vkSj os mls gh viuk f'k{kd&rqY; ekuus yxsA okLro esa] 1856 esa izdkf'kr og iqLrd jkekuqtu ds v/;;u&dky ds fglkc ls dkQh iqjkuh Fkh] fQj Hkh ml iqLrd us muds Hkfo"; dh ;kstukvksa vkSj xf.kr ds rF;ksa dks le>us vkSj le>kus dh vk/kkj f'kyk j[khA 1904 rd jkekuqtu xgu 'kks/k dk;Z djus yxs FksA rc rd mUgksaus 15 n'keyo LFkku rd ^b;wylZ dkWUlVsaV* dh x.kuk dj yh FkhA

mUgksaus ^cjukSyh la[;kvksa* dk v/;;u djuk Hkh izkjEHk dj fn;k FkkA

1908 esa mUgksaus ^dUVhU;wM ÝSD'ku* o ^MkbZotsaZV fljht+* ij dk;Z fd;kA bl le; os xaHkhj #i ls fcekj iM+s vkSj vizSy 1909 esa mudh 'kY; fpfdRlk Hkh gqbZA blh chp] 14 tqykbZ 1909 dks mudh ekrk th us mudk fookg 10 o"khZ; ,l- tkudh vEeky ls dj fn;kA jkekuqtu ,d tquwuh O;fDrRo ds /kuh FksA x.khr ds u;s&u;s vk;ke vk;s fnu muds efLr"d esa vkrs Fks] os leL;k,¡ le>rs Fks] fQj mudk gy fudkyrs FksA 1910 esa mUgksaus ^bfyfIVd eksM;wwyj lehdj.kksa* ds chp lEca/kksa dks fodflr fd;kA

^tjuy vkWQ bf.M;u esFkseSfVdy lkslkbZVh* ¼1911½ esa izdkf'kr ^cjukSyh la[;kvksa* ij izdkf'kr 'kks/k&i= ls mUgsa bruh izfl)h fd fo'ofo|ky;h; f'k{kk ds vHkko esa Hkh mUgsa rRdkyhu enzkl esa xf.kr dk iz[kj fo}ku ekuk tkus yxkA

1911 esa gh jkekuqtu ,d ukSdjh izkIr djus ds mís'; ls bf.M;u esFkseSfVdy lkslkbZVh ds laLFkkid ds ikl x;s vkSj mUgsa enzkl ds egkysdkdkj ds dk;kZy; esa ,d vLFkkbZ in ij fu;qfDr feyh] rHkh fdlh us mUgsa usYyksj ds ftykf/kdkjh Jh jkepUnzjko ¼tks esFkseSfVdy lkslkbZVh ds laLFkkid lnL; Fks½ ls lEidZ djus dks dgkA ckotwn blds fd jkekuqtu ds ikl dksbZ fo'ofo|ky;h; f'k{kk u Fkh] jkekuqtu us vius izkFkZuk i= esa izsflMSUlh dkWyst vkWQ enzkl ds xf.krK bZ0

MCyw feMyekLV dk lanHkZ fn;k FkkA feMyekLV] tks dSfEczt ds lsUV tkWUl dkWyst ls Lukrd Fks] us ,d txg fy[kk fd enzkl fo0fo0 us ebZ 1913 esa jkekuqtu ds fy, 2 o"kksZa rd Nk=o`fÙk dk izca/k fd;k vkSj 1914 esa fo'o izfl) xf.krK gkMhZ mUgsa dSfEczt ds fVªfuVh dkWyst ys x;sA ,d #<+hoknh czkge.k o 'kkdkgkjh gksus ds dkj.kk fons'k esa jgdj xf.kr ds 'kks/k dk;ksZa dks djuk muds fy, pqukSrhiw.kZ FkkA ijUrq ogk¡ ij muds ,d lg;ksxh bZ0,p0 usfoys ¼ftUgksaus jkekuqtu dks Hkkjr esa ,d O;k[;ku nsrs lquk Fkk½ us mudk Hkjiwj lg;ksx fd;kA

mudh yxu dk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd 16 ekpZ] 1916 esa jkekuqtu us dSfEczt ls ^foKku esa 'kks/k }kjk Lukrd* dh mikf/k izkIr dhA bl mikf/k dks 1920 ls ih0,p&Mh0 dh mikf/k dgk tkus yxk FkkA muds 'kks/k dk 'kh"kZd Fkk ^gkbZyh dEiksft+V uEcjl* vkSj blesa baxySaM esa izdkf'kr muds lkr 'kks/k&i= lfEefyr FksA

1917 esa iqu % jkekuqtu xaHkhj #i ls fcekj gq,A fpfdRldksa dks Mj Fkk fd dgha mudh e`R;q u gks tk,A flrEcj rd mudk vf/kd le; vLirkyksa esa bykt djkrs chrkA Qjojh] 1918 esa gkMhZ us fy[kk fd Þ18 Qjojh] 1918 dks jkekuqtu dks ^dSfEczt fQykslksfQdy lkslkbZVh* dk ^QSyks* pquk x;k vkSj mlds rhu fnu i'pkr~ gh mUgsa ^jkW;y lkslkbZVh vkWQ yanu* dk ^QSyks* pqus tkus ij loksZPp lEeku feyk] ftldh iqf"V 2 ebZ]

laf{kIr ifjp; Jh jkekuqtu dk tUe 22 fnlEcj] 1887 dks psuS;h ¼rfeyukMq½ ds NksVs ls xk¡o bjksM esa gqvk FkkA muds firk Jhfuokl vk;axj diM+s dh QSDVªh esa DydZ FksA vkfFkZd fLFkfr Bhd u gksus ds dkj.k os lifjokj dqaHkdks.ke 'kgj vk x,A gkbZLdwy rd jkekuqtu lHkh fo"k;ksa esa vPNs FksA ij xf.kr muds fy, ,d Lis'ky izkstsDV dh rjg Fkk] tks /khjs&/khjs tquwu dh 'kDy ys jgk FkkA lkekU; ls fn[kus okys bl LVwMsaV dks nwljs fo"k;ksa dh Dykl cksfjax yxrhA os tho foKku vkSj lkekftd foKku dh Dykl essa Hkh xf.kr ds loky gy djrs jgrsA

pedrh vka[kksa okys Nk= jkekuqtu dks vViVs loky iwNus dh vknr FkhA tSls fo'o dk igyk iq#"k dkSu Fkk\ i`Foh vkSj cknyksa ds chp dh nwjh fdruh gksrh gS\ csflj&iSj ds yxus okys loky iwNus okys jkekuqtu 'kjkjrh fcYdqy Hkh ugha FksA og lcls vPNk O;ogkj djrs Fks] blfy, Ldwy esa dkQh yksdfiz; Hkh FksA nloha rd

1887-1920

jk"Vªh; xf.kr o"kZ & 2012 ds volj ij

jkr Hkj tkxdj xf.kr ds u;s&u;s lw= [kkstuk] vius 'kks/k dks LysV ij fy[kuk] ,Sls lw=ksa dks [kkstuk tks vkt ds rduhdh ;qx esa Hkh lkFkZd gSaA ;g lc dqN dj fn[kk;k Fkk fo'o ds egkure~ xf.krKksa esa ls ,d Hkkjrh; oSKkfud Jhfuokl jkekuqtu usA

Ldwy esa vPNk ijQkWeZ djus dh otg ls mUgsa LdkWyjf'ki rks feyh] ysfdu vxys gh lky mls okil ys fy;k x;kA dkj.k ;g Fkk fd xf.kr ds vykok os ckdh lHkh fo"k;ksa dh vuns[kh djus yxs FksA Qsy gksus ds ckn Ldwy dh i<+kbZ #d xbZA

vc i<+kbZ tkjh j[kus dk ,d gh jkLrk FkkA os cPpksa dks V~;w'ku i<+kus yxsA blls mUgsa eghus esa ikap #i;s fey tkrs FksA ij xf.kr dk tquwu eqf'dysa c<+k jgk FkkA dqN le; ckn nksckjk ckjgoha d{kk dh izkbosV ijh{kk nh] ysfdu os ,d ckj fQj Qsy gks x,A ns'k Hkh xqykeh dh csfM+;ksa esa tdM+k Fkk vkSj muds thou esa Hkh fujk'kk FkhA ,sls esa Hkh nks phtsaa ges'kk jgha&igyk bZ'oj ij vVwV fo'okl vkSj nwljk xf.kr dk tquwuA

'kknh ds ckn ifjokj dk [kpZ pykus ds fy, os ukSdjh dh ryk'k esa tqV x,A ij ckjgoha Qsy gksus dh otg ls mUgsa ukSdjh ugha feyhA mudk LokLF; Hkh fxjrk tk jgk FkkA chekj gkykr esa tc Hkh fdlh ls feyrs Fks] rks mls

viuk ,d jftLVj fn[kkrsA bl jftLVj esa muds }kjk xf.kr esa fd, x, lkjs dk;Z gksrs FksA fdlh ds dgus ij jkekuqtu Jh oh- jkekLokeh v¸;j ls feysA v¸;j xf.kr ds cgqr cM+s fo}ku FksA ;gka ij Jh v¸;j us jkekuqtu dh izfrHkk dks igpkuk vkSj muds fy, 25 #i;s ekfld Nk=o`fÙk dk izca/k Hkh dj fn;kA enzkl iksVZ VªLV esa DydZ dh ukSdjh Hkh fey xbZA ;gka dke dk cks> T;knk us gksus ds ckotwn mUgsa xf.kr ds fy, Hkh le; fey tkrk FkkA

T;knkrj xf.krK muds lw=ksa ls pfdr rks Fks] ysfdu os mUgsa le> ugha ikrs FksA ij rRdkyhu fo'oizfl) xf.krK th- ,p- gkMhZ us tSls gh jkekuqtu ds dk;Z dks ns[kk] os rqjar mudh izfrHkk igpku x,A ;gka ls jkekuqtu ds thou esa ,d u, ;qx dk lw=ikr gqvkA gkMhZ us ml le; ds fofHkUu izfrHkk'kkyh O;fä;ksa dks 100 ds iSekus ij vkadk FkkA vf/kdka'k xf.krKksa dks mUgksus 100 esa ls 35 vad fn, vkSj dqN fof'k"V O;fä;ksa dks 60 vad fn,A

izsj.kk lzksr

egku xf.krK Jhfuokl jkekuqtudk 125 oha t;arh ij Lej.k

06 07

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ysfdu mUgksaus jkekuqtu dks 100 esa iwjs 100 vad fn, FksA

mUgksaus jkekuqtu dks dSfczt vkus ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;kA izksQslj gkMhZ ds iz;klksa ls jkekuqtu dks dSfczt tkus ds fy, vkfFkZd lgk;rk Hkh fey xbZA vius ,d fo'ks"k 'kks/k ds dkj.k mUgsa dSfczt fo'ofo|ky; }kjk ch-,- dh mikf/k Hkh feyh] ysfdu ogka dh tyok;q vkSj jgu&lgu esa os <y ugha ik,A

miyfC/k;k¡

jkekuqtu us ^,ukysfVdy F;ksjh vkQ uEcjl* ¼la[;kvksa dk fo'ksy"kukRed fl)k¡r½ ds #i esa vHkwriwoZ ;ksxnku fn;k o izeq[k #i ls mUgksaus ^bfyfIVd QUd'kal* ¼in&U;wurk fØ;kvksa½] ^dUVhU;wM ÝSD'ku* ¼fujUrjrk fHk™k½ o ^buQkbZukbZV lhjht+* ¼vifjfer Ja[kyk½ ij vf/kd dk;Z fd;kA 1902 esa mUgksaus ^D;wfcd bDos'kal* ¼?kuQy lehdj.k½ dks dSls gy fd;k tkrk gS] ;g dj fn[kk;kA tc jkekuqtu VkÅu gkbZ Ldwy esa Fks rks mUgsa th- ,l- dkj uked ys[kd dh iqLrd ^fluksfIll vkWQ ,yhesaUVjh fjtYV~l bu I;ksj esFkseSfVDl* dk v/;;u djus dk volj feykA bl iqLrd esa izes; ¼F;ksje½] lw= o laf{kIr&izekf.kdrk,¡ ¼'kkWVZ izwQ½ FkhaaA bl iqLrd esa xf.kr ds mu 'kks/k&i=ksa dh lwph Hkh Fkh tks 19oha 'krkCnh ds iwokZ/kZ esa fofHk™k ;wjksfi;u 'kks/k&if=dkvksa esa izdkf'kr gq, FksA bl iqLrd dh ys[ku dyk us mUgsa cgqr izHkkfor fd;k vkSj os mls gh viuk f'k{kd&rqY; ekuus yxsA okLro esa] 1856 esa izdkf'kr og iqLrd jkekuqtu ds v/;;u&dky ds fglkc ls dkQh iqjkuh Fkh] fQj Hkh ml iqLrd us muds Hkfo"; dh ;kstukvksa vkSj xf.kr ds rF;ksa dks le>us vkSj le>kus dh vk/kkj f'kyk j[khA 1904 rd jkekuqtu xgu 'kks/k dk;Z djus yxs FksA rc rd mUgksaus 15 n'keyo LFkku rd ^b;wylZ dkWUlVsaV* dh x.kuk dj yh FkhA

mUgksaus ^cjukSyh la[;kvksa* dk v/;;u djuk Hkh izkjEHk dj fn;k FkkA

1908 esa mUgksaus ^dUVhU;wM ÝSD'ku* o ^MkbZotsaZV fljht+* ij dk;Z fd;kA bl le; os xaHkhj #i ls fcekj iM+s vkSj vizSy 1909 esa mudh 'kY; fpfdRlk Hkh gqbZA blh chp] 14 tqykbZ 1909 dks mudh ekrk th us mudk fookg 10 o"khZ; ,l- tkudh vEeky ls dj fn;kA jkekuqtu ,d tquwuh O;fDrRo ds /kuh FksA x.khr ds u;s&u;s vk;ke vk;s fnu muds efLr"d esa vkrs Fks] os leL;k,¡ le>rs Fks] fQj mudk gy fudkyrs FksA 1910 esa mUgksaus ^bfyfIVd eksM;wwyj lehdj.kksa* ds chp lEca/kksa dks fodflr fd;kA

^tjuy vkWQ bf.M;u esFkseSfVdy lkslkbZVh* ¼1911½ esa izdkf'kr ^cjukSyh la[;kvksa* ij izdkf'kr 'kks/k&i= ls mUgsa bruh izfl)h fd fo'ofo|ky;h; f'k{kk ds vHkko esa Hkh mUgsa rRdkyhu enzkl esa xf.kr dk iz[kj fo}ku ekuk tkus yxkA

1911 esa gh jkekuqtu ,d ukSdjh izkIr djus ds mís'; ls bf.M;u esFkseSfVdy lkslkbZVh ds laLFkkid ds ikl x;s vkSj mUgsa enzkl ds egkysdkdkj ds dk;kZy; esa ,d vLFkkbZ in ij fu;qfDr feyh] rHkh fdlh us mUgsa usYyksj ds ftykf/kdkjh Jh jkepUnzjko ¼tks esFkseSfVdy lkslkbZVh ds laLFkkid lnL; Fks½ ls lEidZ djus dks dgkA ckotwn blds fd jkekuqtu ds ikl dksbZ fo'ofo|ky;h; f'k{kk u Fkh] jkekuqtu us vius izkFkZuk i= esa izsflMSUlh dkWyst vkWQ enzkl ds xf.krK bZ0

MCyw feMyekLV dk lanHkZ fn;k FkkA feMyekLV] tks dSfEczt ds lsUV tkWUl dkWyst ls Lukrd Fks] us ,d txg fy[kk fd enzkl fo0fo0 us ebZ 1913 esa jkekuqtu ds fy, 2 o"kksZa rd Nk=o`fÙk dk izca/k fd;k vkSj 1914 esa fo'o izfl) xf.krK gkMhZ mUgsa dSfEczt ds fVªfuVh dkWyst ys x;sA ,d #<+hoknh czkge.k o 'kkdkgkjh gksus ds dkj.kk fons'k esa jgdj xf.kr ds 'kks/k dk;ksZa dks djuk muds fy, pqukSrhiw.kZ FkkA ijUrq ogk¡ ij muds ,d lg;ksxh bZ0,p0 usfoys ¼ftUgksaus jkekuqtu dks Hkkjr esa ,d O;k[;ku nsrs lquk Fkk½ us mudk Hkjiwj lg;ksx fd;kA

mudh yxu dk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd 16 ekpZ] 1916 esa jkekuqtu us dSfEczt ls ^foKku esa 'kks/k }kjk Lukrd* dh mikf/k izkIr dhA bl mikf/k dks 1920 ls ih0,p&Mh0 dh mikf/k dgk tkus yxk FkkA muds 'kks/k dk 'kh"kZd Fkk ^gkbZyh dEiksft+V uEcjl* vkSj blesa baxySaM esa izdkf'kr muds lkr 'kks/k&i= lfEefyr FksA

1917 esa iqu % jkekuqtu xaHkhj #i ls fcekj gq,A fpfdRldksa dks Mj Fkk fd dgha mudh e`R;q u gks tk,A flrEcj rd mudk vf/kd le; vLirkyksa esa bykt djkrs chrkA Qjojh] 1918 esa gkMhZ us fy[kk fd Þ18 Qjojh] 1918 dks jkekuqtu dks ^dSfEczt fQykslksfQdy lkslkbZVh* dk ^QSyks* pquk x;k vkSj mlds rhu fnu i'pkr~ gh mUgsa ^jkW;y lkslkbZVh vkWQ yanu* dk ^QSyks* pqus tkus ij loksZPp lEeku feyk] ftldh iqf"V 2 ebZ]

laf{kIr ifjp; Jh jkekuqtu dk tUe 22 fnlEcj] 1887 dks psuS;h ¼rfeyukMq½ ds NksVs ls xk¡o bjksM esa gqvk FkkA muds firk Jhfuokl vk;axj diM+s dh QSDVªh esa DydZ FksA vkfFkZd fLFkfr Bhd u gksus ds dkj.k os lifjokj dqaHkdks.ke 'kgj vk x,A gkbZLdwy rd jkekuqtu lHkh fo"k;ksa esa vPNs FksA ij xf.kr muds fy, ,d Lis'ky izkstsDV dh rjg Fkk] tks /khjs&/khjs tquwu dh 'kDy ys jgk FkkA lkekU; ls fn[kus okys bl LVwMsaV dks nwljs fo"k;ksa dh Dykl cksfjax yxrhA os tho foKku vkSj lkekftd foKku dh Dykl essa Hkh xf.kr ds loky gy djrs jgrsA

pedrh vka[kksa okys Nk= jkekuqtu dks vViVs loky iwNus dh vknr FkhA tSls fo'o dk igyk iq#"k dkSu Fkk\ i`Foh vkSj cknyksa ds chp dh nwjh fdruh gksrh gS\ csflj&iSj ds yxus okys loky iwNus okys jkekuqtu 'kjkjrh fcYdqy Hkh ugha FksA og lcls vPNk O;ogkj djrs Fks] blfy, Ldwy esa dkQh yksdfiz; Hkh FksA nloha rd

1887-1920

jk"Vªh; xf.kr o"kZ & 2012 ds volj ij

jkr Hkj tkxdj xf.kr ds u;s&u;s lw= [kkstuk] vius 'kks/k dks LysV ij fy[kuk] ,Sls lw=ksa dks [kkstuk tks vkt ds rduhdh ;qx esa Hkh lkFkZd gSaA ;g lc dqN dj fn[kk;k Fkk fo'o ds egkure~ xf.krKksa esa ls ,d Hkkjrh; oSKkfud Jhfuokl jkekuqtu usA

Ldwy esa vPNk ijQkWeZ djus dh otg ls mUgsa LdkWyjf'ki rks feyh] ysfdu vxys gh lky mls okil ys fy;k x;kA dkj.k ;g Fkk fd xf.kr ds vykok os ckdh lHkh fo"k;ksa dh vuns[kh djus yxs FksA Qsy gksus ds ckn Ldwy dh i<+kbZ #d xbZA

vc i<+kbZ tkjh j[kus dk ,d gh jkLrk FkkA os cPpksa dks V~;w'ku i<+kus yxsA blls mUgsa eghus esa ikap #i;s fey tkrs FksA ij xf.kr dk tquwu eqf'dysa c<+k jgk FkkA dqN le; ckn nksckjk ckjgoha d{kk dh izkbosV ijh{kk nh] ysfdu os ,d ckj fQj Qsy gks x,A ns'k Hkh xqykeh dh csfM+;ksa esa tdM+k Fkk vkSj muds thou esa Hkh fujk'kk FkhA ,sls esa Hkh nks phtsaa ges'kk jgha&igyk bZ'oj ij vVwV fo'okl vkSj nwljk xf.kr dk tquwuA

'kknh ds ckn ifjokj dk [kpZ pykus ds fy, os ukSdjh dh ryk'k esa tqV x,A ij ckjgoha Qsy gksus dh otg ls mUgsa ukSdjh ugha feyhA mudk LokLF; Hkh fxjrk tk jgk FkkA chekj gkykr esa tc Hkh fdlh ls feyrs Fks] rks mls

viuk ,d jftLVj fn[kkrsA bl jftLVj esa muds }kjk xf.kr esa fd, x, lkjs dk;Z gksrs FksA fdlh ds dgus ij jkekuqtu Jh oh- jkekLokeh v¸;j ls feysA v¸;j xf.kr ds cgqr cM+s fo}ku FksA ;gka ij Jh v¸;j us jkekuqtu dh izfrHkk dks igpkuk vkSj muds fy, 25 #i;s ekfld Nk=o`fÙk dk izca/k Hkh dj fn;kA enzkl iksVZ VªLV esa DydZ dh ukSdjh Hkh fey xbZA ;gka dke dk cks> T;knk us gksus ds ckotwn mUgsa xf.kr ds fy, Hkh le; fey tkrk FkkA

T;knkrj xf.krK muds lw=ksa ls pfdr rks Fks] ysfdu os mUgsa le> ugha ikrs FksA ij rRdkyhu fo'oizfl) xf.krK th- ,p- gkMhZ us tSls gh jkekuqtu ds dk;Z dks ns[kk] os rqjar mudh izfrHkk igpku x,A ;gka ls jkekuqtu ds thou esa ,d u, ;qx dk lw=ikr gqvkA gkMhZ us ml le; ds fofHkUu izfrHkk'kkyh O;fä;ksa dks 100 ds iSekus ij vkadk FkkA vf/kdka'k xf.krKksa dks mUgksus 100 esa ls 35 vad fn, vkSj dqN fof'k"V O;fä;ksa dks 60 vad fn,A

izsj.kk lzksr

egku xf.krK Jhfuokl jkekuqtudk 125 oha t;arh ij Lej.k

08

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

lkFk nsus ls budkj dj fn;kA MkWDVjksa dh lykg ij Hkkjr ykSVsA chekj gkykr esa gh mPpLrjh; 'kks/k&i= fy[kkA ekSr dh ?kM+h dh fVdfVdh rst gksrh xbZA vkSj og ?kM+h Hkh vk xbZ] tc 26 vizSy] 1920 dh lqcg ges'kk ds fy, lks x, vkSj 'kkfey gks x, xkSl] ;wyj] tSdksch tSls loZdkyhu egkure xf.krKksa dh iafä esaA

jkekuqtu ds cgqr ls ,Sls vizdkf'kr

1918 dks dj nh xbZA** blds ckn muds vHkwriwoZ ;ksxnku ds fy, mUgsa 10 vDVwcj] 1918 dks] 6 o"kZ ds fy,] fVªfuVh dkyst dk ^QSyks* Hkh pquk x;kA xf.krh; Hkk"kk esa] jkekuqtu us jhesu lhjht+] bfyfIVd bUVhxzYl] gkbZij&T;kseSfVªd lhjht+] QaD'kuy lehdj.kksa vkfn ij egRoiw.kZ dk;Z fd;sA

djuk cgqr dqN Fkk] ysfdu LokLF; us

Hkkjrh; ewy ds vesfjdh oSKkfud osadVjeu jked`".ku dks ̂ ukbVgqM* dh mikf/k ls lEekfur fd;k tk,xkA mUgsa ;g lEeku ek¡yhD;wyj ck;ksykWth ds {ks= esa csgrjhu dke ds fy, iznku fd;k tk,xkA bl {ks= esa mYys[kuh; dk;Z ds fy, mUgsa 2009 esa dsfeLVªh dk ukscsy iqjLdkj iznku fd;k x;k FkkA fczfV'k 'kkgh ifjokj fczVsu esa jg jgs fonsf'k;ksa dks muds egRoiw.kZ dk;ksZa ds fy, ;g mikf/k iznku djrk gSA

osadh ds uke ls izfl) 58 o"khZ; jked`".ku dSafczt esa ,evkjlh yscksjsVjh vkWQ ekWyhD;wyj ck;ksykWth esa dk;Zjr gSaA ,d vkf/kdkfjd] ?kks"k.kk ds vuqlkj] mUgsa ekWyhD;wyj ck;ksykWth esa muds dk;ksZa ds fy, ̂bu n U;w bZ;j vkWulZ fyLV 2012* esa ukbVgqM mikf/k ds fy, pquk x;k gSA

rfeyukMq ds fpnacje es iSnk gq, jked`".ku dh f'k{kk cM+kSnk ;wfuoflZVh] vksfg;ks ;wfuoflZVh vkSj ;wfuoflZVh vkWQ dSfyQksfuZ;k] lSu fM,xks esa gqbZA 2010 esa jked`".ku dks in~e foHkw"k.k ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA 2010 U;w bZ;j vkulZ lwph esa ukbVgqM mikf/k ds fy, Hkkjrh; ewy ds eksVk flag dks pquk x;k Fkk tks fczVsu ds igys fl[k tt FksA 2012 dh fyLV esa vU; Hkkjrh; ewy ds yksxksa esa euksfpfdRldksa ds jkW;y dkyst ds v/;{k cus izksQslj fnus'k dqekj ek[ku yky Hkwxjk] ;ax yksxksa ds fy, Dyc 25 ds laLFkkid vuar cjksMdj] dE;wfuVh jsy Vhe yhMj dqyfoanj cLlh dk uke 'kkfey gSA

dk;Z Fks ftudk xf.krKksa us mudh e`R;q dh i'pkr~ Hkh v/;;u izkjHHk j[kkA cfeZa?ke ds izfl) xf.krK th0,u0 okVlu eSlu us 1918 ls 1951 rd muds 14 'kks/k i=ksa dks ^F;ksjEl LVsVsM ck; jkekuqtu* uked f'k"kZd ds ek/;e ls izdkf'kr fd;k] vkSj dqy feykdj mUgksaus 30 ,sls 'kks/k&i= izdkf'kr fd;s tks jkekuqtu ds dk;ksZa ls izsfjr FksA

v/;;ujr Nk=@Nk=kvksa ls xf.kr dks #fpdj cukus ds lEca/k esa

ewy fo"k; xf.kr ls ysdj foKku dh vU; fo/kkvksa ¼tho foKku] HkkSfrd foKku] jlk;u foKku½ esa gh ugha oju~ dyk oxZ ds fo"k;ksa ¼vFkZ'kkL=] lekt'kkL=] f'k{kk'kkL= vkfn½ esa xf.kr vk/kkfjr lkaf[;dh dk cgqr mi;ksx gksus yxk gSA bathfu;fjax] dEI;wVj] fpfdRlk foKku] f'k{kd cuus ds fy, uSV ijh{kk] vU; NksVh&cM+h izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa ¼cSad] jsyos] deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx] ,u0Mh0,0 vkfn½ esa lkekU; xf.kr ls ysdj tfVy xf.kr iz'uksa dks gy dj ysus okyk gh izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa esa lQy gksus dk iz;kl dj ldrk gSA vko';drk gS lkFkZd iz;klksa dhA jkekuqtu tSls O;fDrRo ls izsj.kk ysdj dksbZ Hkh O;fDr f'k{kd] oSKkfud] iz'kkld] bathfu;j] dEI;wVj fo'ks"kK] vkWfMVj] lh0,0] cSad vf/kdkjh vkfn cudj jk"Vª o lekt dh lsok dj ldrk gSA

oSKkfud dk lEeku

D;k gS ukbZVgqM\

^ukbZVgqM*

in~e foHkw"k.k oSadVje.k jked`".ku

ukbVgqM fczfV'k lkezkT; dk loksZPp ukxfjd lEeku gS] tks igys dsoy lSfudksa dks gh iznku fd;k tkrk Fkk] ysfdu vc jk"Vªh; thou esa mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku djus okys O;fDr;ksa dks Hkh ;g lEeku fn;k tkrk gSA vkt ukbV dh inoh ikus okys 'kwjohj ugha gksrs] cfYd ;g inoh ,d xfjek dk izrhd gSA vkt bl mikf/k ds fy, Ldwy ds iz/kkuk/;kidksa ls ysdj m|ksxifr;ksa vkSj dykdkjksa ls ysdj oSKkfudksa rd ds uke ij fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA

iajijk ds eqrkfcd fczVsu dh egkjkuh }kjk ;k muds cnys jktifjokj ds fdlh O;fDr }kjk lkoZtfud ;k futh vyadj.k lekjksg esa ;g inoh iznku dh tkrh gSA vyadj.k lekjksg esa vkSipkfjd #i ls ,d izrhd fpâu fn;k tkrk gSA ukbV dh inoh ikdj vyad`r gksusokys O;fDr vius uke ls igys ̂lj* dk f[krkc bLrseky dj ldrs gSa] tcfd ukbV dh inoh ikus okyh efgyk,a ̂Mse* dk iz;ksx dj ldrh gSaA

fons'kh ukxfjdksa dks dHkh&dHkkj gh ekun ukbVgqM dh inoh nh tkrh gS] ysfdu ukbV dh inoh ikusokys fons'kh ukxfjd vius uke ls igys ̂lj* dk bLrseky ugha dj ldrs gSaA ukbV dh ;g inoh fons'k ,oa jk"VªeaMy dk;kZy; dh flQkfj'k ij ,sls O;fDr dks nh tkrh gS] ftlus vius ns'k vkSj fczVsu ds chp laca/k csgrj cukus esa ;ksxnku fd;k gksA

ukbVgqM dh mRifr ds ckjs esa dksbZ Li"V er ugha gS] ysfdu ekuk tkrk gS fd bldk laca/k izkphu jkse lkezkT; ls gSA

ladyudrkZ & 'kf'kdkUr xqIrk

09

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl] Hkqous'oj ¼mM+hlk½

vkfnoklh fdlkuksa dks lkbal vokMZ

3 ls 7 tuojh] 2012 rd Hkqous'oj esa pyus okyh 99oha foKku dk¡xzsl esa ns'k&fons'k ls vk;s gtkjksa oSKkfudksa us Hkkx fy;kA ;g oSKkfud esyk izfro"kZ oSKkfudksa dh miyfC/k;ksa dks vk¡dus dk ,d egRoiw.kZ volj gksrk gSA bl volj ij iz/kkuea=h eueksgu flag us tkus&ekus oSKkfud vkj- fpnacje] 'kSys'k uk;d] fons'kksa esa cls vkizoklh oSKkfudksa vkSj dqN ukscsy iqjLdkj fotsrk oSKkfudksa dks lEekfur fd;kA

blds vfrfjDr bl volj ij Hkkjr ds nks vkfnokfl;ksa dks Hkh iq#Ldkj nsdj lEekfur fd;k x;kA ;s vkfnoklh Fks panzk iz/kkuh vkSj jSrk eqfnyhA panzk iz/kkuh vkSj jSrk eqfnyh vui<+ vkfnoklh gSa] exj mUgksaus [ksrh&ckM+h esa ,slk peRdkj dj fn[kk;k gS] tks fdlh lqy>s gq, d`f"k oSKkfud ls gh laHko gSA nksuksa yksx taxyh isM+&ikS/kksa vkSj ?kkl&Qawl ls u flQZ [kkn rS;kj djds vius mRiknu dks rhu xquk fd;k cfYd dhVuk'kd Hkh ouLifr ls gh cuk;k gSA

panzk iz/kkuh vkSj jSrk eqfnyh mM+hlk ds dksjkiqj ftys ds tSiqj vkSj cksYyhxqM+k xkaoksa ds jgus okys gSaA eqfnyh fiNys lky ljiap pquh xbZaA os cjlksa ls [ksrh dj jgs Fks ysfdu mit ugha gksrh FkhA /khjs&/khjs bu yksxksa us taxyksa dh ouLifr;ksa dks ,d= djds mUgsa xykdj [kkn esa rCnhy fd;kA taxyksa esa uhe o csy isM+ i;kZIr ek=k esa gSaA bUgsa Hkh bUgksaus bdÎk fd;k vkSj bls ihldj muds ?kksy dks crkSj dhVuk'kd bLrseky 'kq: fd;kA ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd panzk vius rhu ,dM+ [ksr esa 15 Vu /kku mxk jgs gSa] tgka egt ikap Vu /kku gh gksrk FkkA

bl dke esa MkW- LokehukFke QkmaMs'ku us mUgsa enn dh gSA mUgsa ugha ekywe Fkk fd ftu ouLifr;ksa dk os bLrseky dj jgs gSa] mudk oSKkfud uke D;k gSA ysfdu mUgksaus cM+s cqtqxksZa ls gkfly ijaijkxr Kku dks viuk;kA

ijaijkxr Kku dks latks;s j[kuk o ekuo tkfr dh HkykbZ ds fy, mi;ksx djuk oSKkfudksa o oSKkfud&vfHk#fp j[kus okyksa dks xq#rj nk;hRo gSaA

Hkkjrh; foKku dk¡xzsl ds 100 o"kZ iwjs gksus ij iz/kkuea=h Mk¡ eueksgu flag dks] lEeku nsus gsrq] mldk v/;{k cukus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ gSA blls igys 1947 esa ia0 tokgj yky usg# dks lkbZal dk¡xszl ,lksfl,'ku us ;g lEeku fn;k FkkA rc ml dk¡xzsl dk eq[; fo"k; ̂lkbZal bu n lfoZl vkWQ n us'ku* FkkA 1914 esa izFke Hkkjrh; lkbZal dk¡xzsl ds v/;{k lj tfLVl vklqrks"k eq[kthZ FksA

izsj.kk lzksr

AA ;s lfiZ"k% lalzofUr {khjL; pksndL; pArsfHkesZ loSZ% lalzkoS/kZua la lzko;keflAA

tks ?k`r] nqX/k rFkk ty dh /kkjk,¡ izokfgr gks jgh gSa] mu leLr /kkjkvksa }kjk ge /ku&lEifRr;k¡ izkIr djrs gSA

¼izd`fr pØ }kjk miyC/k oLrqvksa dks lqfu;ksftr djds gh euq"; us lkjh lEifRr;k¡ vftZr dh gSaA½

AA ;ka j{kkUR;LoIuk fo'onkuha nsok Hkwfea i`Foheizekne~Alk uks e/kqfiz;a nqgkeFkks m{krq opWlksAA

Þi`Foh jf{kr gksdj e/kqfiz; vkSj fgedj inkFkZ izpqj ek=k esa nsrh gS] ekuo vkSj mlds opZl esa o`f) djrh gSA LFkkoj o taxe] psru o vpsru lc i`Foh ds inkFkksZa dh lgk;r ls euq"; dk fparu vkSj ;'k O;kid gksrk gSAß

ladyudrkZ & Mk- 'kf'kdkUr xqIrk

08

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

lkFk nsus ls budkj dj fn;kA MkWDVjksa dh lykg ij Hkkjr ykSVsA chekj gkykr esa gh mPpLrjh; 'kks/k&i= fy[kkA ekSr dh ?kM+h dh fVdfVdh rst gksrh xbZA vkSj og ?kM+h Hkh vk xbZ] tc 26 vizSy] 1920 dh lqcg ges'kk ds fy, lks x, vkSj 'kkfey gks x, xkSl] ;wyj] tSdksch tSls loZdkyhu egkure xf.krKksa dh iafä esaA

jkekuqtu ds cgqr ls ,Sls vizdkf'kr

1918 dks dj nh xbZA** blds ckn muds vHkwriwoZ ;ksxnku ds fy, mUgsa 10 vDVwcj] 1918 dks] 6 o"kZ ds fy,] fVªfuVh dkyst dk ^QSyks* Hkh pquk x;kA xf.krh; Hkk"kk esa] jkekuqtu us jhesu lhjht+] bfyfIVd bUVhxzYl] gkbZij&T;kseSfVªd lhjht+] QaD'kuy lehdj.kksa vkfn ij egRoiw.kZ dk;Z fd;sA

djuk cgqr dqN Fkk] ysfdu LokLF; us

Hkkjrh; ewy ds vesfjdh oSKkfud osadVjeu jked`".ku dks ̂ ukbVgqM* dh mikf/k ls lEekfur fd;k tk,xkA mUgsa ;g lEeku ek¡yhD;wyj ck;ksykWth ds {ks= esa csgrjhu dke ds fy, iznku fd;k tk,xkA bl {ks= esa mYys[kuh; dk;Z ds fy, mUgsa 2009 esa dsfeLVªh dk ukscsy iqjLdkj iznku fd;k x;k FkkA fczfV'k 'kkgh ifjokj fczVsu esa jg jgs fonsf'k;ksa dks muds egRoiw.kZ dk;ksZa ds fy, ;g mikf/k iznku djrk gSA

osadh ds uke ls izfl) 58 o"khZ; jked`".ku dSafczt esa ,evkjlh yscksjsVjh vkWQ ekWyhD;wyj ck;ksykWth esa dk;Zjr gSaA ,d vkf/kdkfjd] ?kks"k.kk ds vuqlkj] mUgsa ekWyhD;wyj ck;ksykWth esa muds dk;ksZa ds fy, ̂bu n U;w bZ;j vkWulZ fyLV 2012* esa ukbVgqM mikf/k ds fy, pquk x;k gSA

rfeyukMq ds fpnacje es iSnk gq, jked`".ku dh f'k{kk cM+kSnk ;wfuoflZVh] vksfg;ks ;wfuoflZVh vkSj ;wfuoflZVh vkWQ dSfyQksfuZ;k] lSu fM,xks esa gqbZA 2010 esa jked`".ku dks in~e foHkw"k.k ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA 2010 U;w bZ;j vkulZ lwph esa ukbVgqM mikf/k ds fy, Hkkjrh; ewy ds eksVk flag dks pquk x;k Fkk tks fczVsu ds igys fl[k tt FksA 2012 dh fyLV esa vU; Hkkjrh; ewy ds yksxksa esa euksfpfdRldksa ds jkW;y dkyst ds v/;{k cus izksQslj fnus'k dqekj ek[ku yky Hkwxjk] ;ax yksxksa ds fy, Dyc 25 ds laLFkkid vuar cjksMdj] dE;wfuVh jsy Vhe yhMj dqyfoanj cLlh dk uke 'kkfey gSA

dk;Z Fks ftudk xf.krKksa us mudh e`R;q dh i'pkr~ Hkh v/;;u izkjHHk j[kkA cfeZa?ke ds izfl) xf.krK th0,u0 okVlu eSlu us 1918 ls 1951 rd muds 14 'kks/k i=ksa dks ^F;ksjEl LVsVsM ck; jkekuqtu* uked f'k"kZd ds ek/;e ls izdkf'kr fd;k] vkSj dqy feykdj mUgksaus 30 ,sls 'kks/k&i= izdkf'kr fd;s tks jkekuqtu ds dk;ksZa ls izsfjr FksA

v/;;ujr Nk=@Nk=kvksa ls xf.kr dks #fpdj cukus ds lEca/k esa

ewy fo"k; xf.kr ls ysdj foKku dh vU; fo/kkvksa ¼tho foKku] HkkSfrd foKku] jlk;u foKku½ esa gh ugha oju~ dyk oxZ ds fo"k;ksa ¼vFkZ'kkL=] lekt'kkL=] f'k{kk'kkL= vkfn½ esa xf.kr vk/kkfjr lkaf[;dh dk cgqr mi;ksx gksus yxk gSA bathfu;fjax] dEI;wVj] fpfdRlk foKku] f'k{kd cuus ds fy, uSV ijh{kk] vU; NksVh&cM+h izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa ¼cSad] jsyos] deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx] ,u0Mh0,0 vkfn½ esa lkekU; xf.kr ls ysdj tfVy xf.kr iz'uksa dks gy dj ysus okyk gh izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa esa lQy gksus dk iz;kl dj ldrk gSA vko';drk gS lkFkZd iz;klksa dhA jkekuqtu tSls O;fDrRo ls izsj.kk ysdj dksbZ Hkh O;fDr f'k{kd] oSKkfud] iz'kkld] bathfu;j] dEI;wVj fo'ks"kK] vkWfMVj] lh0,0] cSad vf/kdkjh vkfn cudj jk"Vª o lekt dh lsok dj ldrk gSA

oSKkfud dk lEeku

D;k gS ukbZVgqM\

^ukbZVgqM*

in~e foHkw"k.k oSadVje.k jked`".ku

ukbVgqM fczfV'k lkezkT; dk loksZPp ukxfjd lEeku gS] tks igys dsoy lSfudksa dks gh iznku fd;k tkrk Fkk] ysfdu vc jk"Vªh; thou esa mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku djus okys O;fDr;ksa dks Hkh ;g lEeku fn;k tkrk gSA vkt ukbV dh inoh ikus okys 'kwjohj ugha gksrs] cfYd ;g inoh ,d xfjek dk izrhd gSA vkt bl mikf/k ds fy, Ldwy ds iz/kkuk/;kidksa ls ysdj m|ksxifr;ksa vkSj dykdkjksa ls ysdj oSKkfudksa rd ds uke ij fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA

iajijk ds eqrkfcd fczVsu dh egkjkuh }kjk ;k muds cnys jktifjokj ds fdlh O;fDr }kjk lkoZtfud ;k futh vyadj.k lekjksg esa ;g inoh iznku dh tkrh gSA vyadj.k lekjksg esa vkSipkfjd #i ls ,d izrhd fpâu fn;k tkrk gSA ukbV dh inoh ikdj vyad`r gksusokys O;fDr vius uke ls igys ̂lj* dk f[krkc bLrseky dj ldrs gSa] tcfd ukbV dh inoh ikus okyh efgyk,a ̂Mse* dk iz;ksx dj ldrh gSaA

fons'kh ukxfjdksa dks dHkh&dHkkj gh ekun ukbVgqM dh inoh nh tkrh gS] ysfdu ukbV dh inoh ikusokys fons'kh ukxfjd vius uke ls igys ̂lj* dk bLrseky ugha dj ldrs gSaA ukbV dh ;g inoh fons'k ,oa jk"VªeaMy dk;kZy; dh flQkfj'k ij ,sls O;fDr dks nh tkrh gS] ftlus vius ns'k vkSj fczVsu ds chp laca/k csgrj cukus esa ;ksxnku fd;k gksA

ukbVgqM dh mRifr ds ckjs esa dksbZ Li"V er ugha gS] ysfdu ekuk tkrk gS fd bldk laca/k izkphu jkse lkezkT; ls gSA

ladyudrkZ & 'kf'kdkUr xqIrk

09

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl] Hkqous'oj ¼mM+hlk½

vkfnoklh fdlkuksa dks lkbal vokMZ

3 ls 7 tuojh] 2012 rd Hkqous'oj esa pyus okyh 99oha foKku dk¡xzsl esa ns'k&fons'k ls vk;s gtkjksa oSKkfudksa us Hkkx fy;kA ;g oSKkfud esyk izfro"kZ oSKkfudksa dh miyfC/k;ksa dks vk¡dus dk ,d egRoiw.kZ volj gksrk gSA bl volj ij iz/kkuea=h eueksgu flag us tkus&ekus oSKkfud vkj- fpnacje] 'kSys'k uk;d] fons'kksa esa cls vkizoklh oSKkfudksa vkSj dqN ukscsy iqjLdkj fotsrk oSKkfudksa dks lEekfur fd;kA

blds vfrfjDr bl volj ij Hkkjr ds nks vkfnokfl;ksa dks Hkh iq#Ldkj nsdj lEekfur fd;k x;kA ;s vkfnoklh Fks panzk iz/kkuh vkSj jSrk eqfnyhA panzk iz/kkuh vkSj jSrk eqfnyh vui<+ vkfnoklh gSa] exj mUgksaus [ksrh&ckM+h esa ,slk peRdkj dj fn[kk;k gS] tks fdlh lqy>s gq, d`f"k oSKkfud ls gh laHko gSA nksuksa yksx taxyh isM+&ikS/kksa vkSj ?kkl&Qawl ls u flQZ [kkn rS;kj djds vius mRiknu dks rhu xquk fd;k cfYd dhVuk'kd Hkh ouLifr ls gh cuk;k gSA

panzk iz/kkuh vkSj jSrk eqfnyh mM+hlk ds dksjkiqj ftys ds tSiqj vkSj cksYyhxqM+k xkaoksa ds jgus okys gSaA eqfnyh fiNys lky ljiap pquh xbZaA os cjlksa ls [ksrh dj jgs Fks ysfdu mit ugha gksrh FkhA /khjs&/khjs bu yksxksa us taxyksa dh ouLifr;ksa dks ,d= djds mUgsa xykdj [kkn esa rCnhy fd;kA taxyksa esa uhe o csy isM+ i;kZIr ek=k esa gSaA bUgsa Hkh bUgksaus bdÎk fd;k vkSj bls ihldj muds ?kksy dks crkSj dhVuk'kd bLrseky 'kq: fd;kA ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd panzk vius rhu ,dM+ [ksr esa 15 Vu /kku mxk jgs gSa] tgka egt ikap Vu /kku gh gksrk FkkA

bl dke esa MkW- LokehukFke QkmaMs'ku us mUgsa enn dh gSA mUgsa ugha ekywe Fkk fd ftu ouLifr;ksa dk os bLrseky dj jgs gSa] mudk oSKkfud uke D;k gSA ysfdu mUgksaus cM+s cqtqxksZa ls gkfly ijaijkxr Kku dks viuk;kA

ijaijkxr Kku dks latks;s j[kuk o ekuo tkfr dh HkykbZ ds fy, mi;ksx djuk oSKkfudksa o oSKkfud&vfHk#fp j[kus okyksa dks xq#rj nk;hRo gSaA

Hkkjrh; foKku dk¡xzsl ds 100 o"kZ iwjs gksus ij iz/kkuea=h Mk¡ eueksgu flag dks] lEeku nsus gsrq] mldk v/;{k cukus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ gSA blls igys 1947 esa ia0 tokgj yky usg# dks lkbZal dk¡xszl ,lksfl,'ku us ;g lEeku fn;k FkkA rc ml dk¡xzsl dk eq[; fo"k; ̂lkbZal bu n lfoZl vkWQ n us'ku* FkkA 1914 esa izFke Hkkjrh; lkbZal dk¡xzsl ds v/;{k lj tfLVl vklqrks"k eq[kthZ FksA

izsj.kk lzksr

AA ;s lfiZ"k% lalzofUr {khjL; pksndL; pArsfHkesZ loSZ% lalzkoS/kZua la lzko;keflAA

tks ?k`r] nqX/k rFkk ty dh /kkjk,¡ izokfgr gks jgh gSa] mu leLr /kkjkvksa }kjk ge /ku&lEifRr;k¡ izkIr djrs gSA

¼izd`fr pØ }kjk miyC/k oLrqvksa dks lqfu;ksftr djds gh euq"; us lkjh lEifRr;k¡ vftZr dh gSaA½

AA ;ka j{kkUR;LoIuk fo'onkuha nsok Hkwfea i`Foheizekne~Alk uks e/kqfiz;a nqgkeFkks m{krq opWlksAA

Þi`Foh jf{kr gksdj e/kqfiz; vkSj fgedj inkFkZ izpqj ek=k esa nsrh gS] ekuo vkSj mlds opZl esa o`f) djrh gSA LFkkoj o taxe] psru o vpsru lc i`Foh ds inkFkksZa dh lgk;r ls euq"; dk fparu vkSj ;'k O;kid gksrk gSAß

ladyudrkZ & Mk- 'kf'kdkUr xqIrk

10 11

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

oSKkfud v/;;u ls igys 'kCn vkSj mlds vFkZ ds chp ,d lgthoh laca/k LFkkfir fd;kA ,d nwljs vKkr n'kZu'kkL=h Hkh gS ftUgksus 'kwU; dh [kkst dh vkSj fo'o dks chtxf.kr dh lkSxkr nhA

ikf.kuh us ^v"Vk/;k;h* esa lw= :i esa Hkk"kk foKku dk tks n'kZu fn;k gS mls 20 oha lnh ds dEI;wVj Kku dk vkfne ¼igyk½ dne dgk tk ldrk gSA blls cM+h ckr ;g gS fd ikf.kuh us 64 Hkk"kkfoKkfu;ksa dk ftØ fd;k gS tks mlls Hkh igys gks pqds FksA blls irk pyrk gS fd cq) ds 500 bZlkiwoZ ds oSKkfud dky esa ,sls cgqr ls yksx jgs gksaxs ftUgksus HkkSfrd inkFkksZa ds foKku dks le>us] tkapus vkSj rF;ksa dks Hkk"kkbZ izrhdksa ls nwljksa rd igqapkus dk iz;kl fd;k FkkA 800 & 500 bZlk iwoZ dk dky gh nk'kZfud bfrgkl esa mifu"kn~ fparu dk ;qx ekuk tkrk gSA ysfdu mifu"kn~ fparu ls dksbZ 3000 lky igys] oSfnd&fparu dh oSKkfud [kkst 'kq: gks pqdh FkhA vkfn oSKkfud _f"k;ksa us i`Foh] vkdk'k] gok] ikuh] lw;Z] panz] igkM+h pÍkuksa dh mapkb;ka] lrjaxh fdj.ksa] ?ku?kksj ?kVkvksa ds chp pedrh fctyh vkSj vxk/k xgjs leqnzksa ds chp mBrh rwQkuh ygjksa vkfn dh izd`fr le>us dh igy dh FkhA ysfdu ml vkfn dky esa] tks ekuo tkfr fodkl dk izkjafHkd ;qx Fkk] e'khuh ;a=ksa dk vkfo"dkj ugha gqvk FkkA _f"k;ksa us izR;{k izek.k ls rF;ksa dks le>dj oSKkfud fl)kar mtkxj fd,A

foKku dh lhek,a vuUr gSA ekuo tkfr ds oSKkfud fodkl dk bfrgkl 5 gtkj o"kZ ekuk tkrk gS fy;k tk,] tc oSfnd dky ds _f"k;ksa us _Xosn dh izFke _pk esa mn~?kks"k fd;k Fkk ^vx~fue~ bZMs iqjksfgre~* rc ls izxfr dk izokg lrr~ xfreku gSA gekjs foKku dh lhek,a QSyrh tk jgh gS vkSj fiNys 500 o"kksZa esa fodkl ds bfrgkl dh nwljh lhek dk izkjEHk gqvk gS ysfdu lcls vf/kd ØkfUrdkjh vkSj rsth ls QSyrh gqbZ lhekvksa dk rhljk pj.k 20 oha 'krkCnh ds e/;dky ls ekuk tkrk gSA

vkfndky ds oSKkfud [kkst es iap rRoksa ty] ok;q] vfXu] i`Foh vkSj vkdk'k dks lcls egRoiw.kZ le>k x;k FkkA lEiw.kZ vfLrRo vkSj tks dqN Hkh tkuuk Fkk og bu ikapks ls ijs dqN u FkkA ysfdu ;g Hkh le>k tkrk Fkk fd fdlh ,d gh rRo dks Hkyh&Hkkafr le> ysus ls nwljs rRoksa dks Hkh le>k tk ldrk gSA fQj ;g Hkh le> esa vkrk Fkk fd tks dqN Hkh n`'; gS mlds ijs dqN ,slk Hkh gksxk tks lc esa ,d gS vkSj ikapks inkFkksZa dks lpkafyr fd, gq, gSA ,slh ,d 'kfDr tks ikapks ewyHkwr rRoksa dks cuk, j[kus vkSj izd`fr ds cuus vkSj fcxM+us ds fu;e dks pyk, ,slh fdlh vn~Hkqr vkSj vuUr ije lRrk dh dYiuk dh xbZ Fkh vkSj bl lEiw.kZ pjkpj txr] l`f"V dh lkoZHkkSfed lRrk ij fdlh ijk'kfDr dh dYiuk dks czãk dk Lo:i ekuk x;kA vukfndky ds oSKkfudksa us lw;Z vkSj pUnzek ds mn; vkSj vLr dks le>us dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh vkSj cM+h lk/kuk ds ckn u{k=ksa vkSj lw;Z&pUnz ds mrkj&p<+ko dks xf.kr ds vk/kkj ij lqy>k;k FkkA dqN dYiuk Fkh] ysfdu rdZ dk vk/kkj Fkk] ftlls ;a=ks vkSj e'khuksa ds uk gksus ij Hkh nwjchu ds vHkko esa tks dqN Hkh [kqyh vka[kksa ls ns[k ldrs Fks mls izR;{k vkSj vuqeku ds lgkjs oSfnd dky ds _f"k;ksa us czãk.M ds mn~Hko lapyu vkSj mrkj&p<+ko dks dkykof/k esa ckaVdj le>us dh dksf'k'k dh FkhA blfy, oSfnddky ds oSKkfudks us ^lw;Z&panz elkS/kkrk ;Fkk iwoZe~ vdYi;r~* dgk FkkA vkxs pydj ml dky ds nk'kZfud&oSKkfudksa us l`f"V dh mRifRr ls orZeku dky dks pkj ;qxksa vkSj dYiksa esa foHkkftr fd;kA

euq"; dh oSKkfud [kkst dk dHkh var ugha gksrkA euq"; ubZ&ubZ rduhd dk vkfo"dkj djrk jgrk gS vkSj le; ds lkFk&lkFk tgka rduhd c<+rh tkrh gS ogka oSKkfud [kkst dh lhek,a Hkh QSyrh tkrh gSaA tks ge tkurs gS og ^Kkr&Kku* vkSj tks gesa tkuuk gS og ^vKkr*A nksuksa ds chp dk varj ges'kk cjkcj jgrk gSA eryc ;s] fd ftruk ge tku ysrs gSa mlds ijs vHkh vkSj

tkuuk ckdh gksrk gSa bldks dgrs gS] foKku dh lhek;saA ,slk laHko ugha gS fd ge dHkh Hkh lEiw.kZ lR; dks ik ysa vkSj blfy, lEiw.kZ Kku ugha gks ldrk vksj uk dHkh lEiw.kZ lkekftd ØkafrA D;ksafd ge Lo;a viw.kZ gSa blfy, gekjk Kku dHkh Hkh iw.kZ ugha gks ldrk gSA oSKkfud fodkl dk ;gh vk/kkj gSA blds Bhd foijhr /kkfeZd fo'okl dk jkLrk gSA /keZ ds Bsdsnkjksa dk ekuuk gS fd os dsoy J)k vkSj fo'okl ;k iwtk&ikB ;ksx ds jgL;ksa vkSj muls Hkh ijs thou&e`R;q ds jgL;ksa dks izR;{k dj ldrs gSA ysfdu fiNys 5 gtkj o"kksZa ds nk'kZfud bfrgkl dks ns[kus ls irk pyrk gS fd dksbZ Hkh xzaFk] dksbZ Hkh /keZ gesa lEiw.kZ l`f"V ds jgL;ksa dk irk ugha crk ldrk gSA blfy, loky ;s ugha gS fd dkSu lgh gS vkSj dkSu xyr] cfYd le>uk ;g gS fd dkSu lk fl)kUr fdl ;qx esa fy[kk x;kA

lSdM+ksa lky igys tc dHkh egkekfj;ka QSy tkrh Fkh vkSj yksx bldh pisV esa vk dj ej tkrs Fks rks ml le; yksx bldks nSfod vkink gh ekurs FksA ml oDr u rks nwjchu dk vkfo"dkj gqvk Fkk vkSj uk gh lw{en'khZ dkA u rks yksxksa dks ePNj ds fo"k esa eysfj;k ds dhVk.kqvksa dk irk Fkk u pspd ds ok;jl dkA nwjchu ds vHkko ls lw;Z vkSj panz xzg.k dks fdlh jk{klh 'kfDr }kjk jkgw&dsrw dh nq"V Nk;k eku ysuk ml ;qx ds nk'kZfudksa dks rdZ lEer yxrk FkkA izkphu lR; gh gesa vkt ds ;qx esa lgh ugha eku ysuk pkfg,A fdlh fl)kUr dks oSKkfud dlkSVh ij KkukRed <ax ls orZeku rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij le>us dh dksf'k'k djuk pkfg,A ,slk dksbZ Hkh /keZ ;k nk'kZfud fl)kUr ugha gS tks loZdkfyd lR; gksA dsoy os gh lR; ges'kk lR; gks ldrs gS tks oSKkfud gksaA 'kjhj dk rkieku 37 fMxzh lgh gksrk gSA mlls vf/kd xehZ ij 'kjhj esa fodkj dh lEHkkouk gksrh gSaSA ;s ,sls rF; gSa tks lc ns'kksa esa vkSj lc dkyksa esa lR; jgsaxsA ysfdu budh oSKkfud O;k[;k ;k ty] ok;q i`Foh ds ijek.kqvksa dh lw{erk vkSj muls muds vkilh feyko

Hkkjrh; n'kZu vkSj foKku

/khjsUnz 'kekZ

;fn oSKkfudh dk eryc ,dne lgh vkSj O;ofLFkr Kku gS rks 800 bZlk iwoZ Hkkjrh; n'kZu'kkL= O;ofLFkr Kku jgk gksxkA ;g lp gS fd ftl rjg vkt foKku] n'kZu'kkL= vkSj lkekftd foKku dks ge vyx&vyx le> ldrs gSa] ml le; budh dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha FkhA gekjs le; dk lcls l'kDr 'kCn ^foKku* vkt ls nks lkS lky igys vfLrRo esa vk;kA bl 'kCn dk vaxzsth 'kCndks'k esa izos'k vBkjgoha 'krkCnh dh 'kq:okr esa gqvkA ^Kku* ds lekukFkhZ ds :i esa ;g 'kCn Ýkal ls vk;k ysfdu vk/kqfud foKku dh 'kq:vkr esa ^oSKkfud Kku* bls lkekU; Kku ls vyx djus ds fy, iz;ksx esa yk;k x;kA tYnh gh bl 'kCn dk iz;ksx fdlh oLrq dh O;ofLFkr tk¡p i{kikrjfgr lR; vkSj O;kid :i ls fdlh ifj?kVuk dks tkuus dh ftKklk ls mits cks/k ds fy, fd;k tkus yxkA oSfMaxVu us foKku dh O;k[;k djrs gq, fy[kk fd ÞoLrq,a dSls dke djrh gS bldks tkuus dk ekuo dk O;ofLFkr iz;kl

foKku gSAÞ ,YMl gDlys foKku dks ,d midj.k ds :i esa O;k[;kf;r djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd ß;g ekuo ds vuqHkoksa dh tkap iM+rky djus] Js.khc) djus vkSj mls nwljs rd igqapkus dk ;a= gSAÞ

okLro esa ekuoh; fpUru dk vk/kkj ftKklk gS tks foKku dk ewyea= gSA foKku 'kwU; ekuoh; lekt laHko gh ugha gSA ;g fo'okl djus dk dksbZ dkj.k ugha fd dqN yksx vkuqokaf'kd :i ls foKku vkSj rduhd ds fodkl esa LokHkkfod :i ls lksp ugha ldrs ;k fdlh fo'ks"k tkfr ;k jk"Vª dks izd`fr us fo'ks"k rkSj ij oSKkfud lksp ds migkj ls uoktk gSA ;g ekuus dk Hkh dksbZ dkj.k ugha gS fd xSj if'peh ;k izkphu yksx rdZlaxr lksp ls jfgr Fks ;k os O;ofLFkr oSKkfud Kku fodflr ugha dj ldsA tSls Hkfo"; orZeku ls gh fodlfr gksrk gS mlh rjg orZeku vrhr ds fcuk ugha vk ldrkA foKku dh izxfr Hkh fujarj fodflr Kku ds dqy lafpr izHkko dk gh ifj.kke gSA fuf'pr gh gesa vius

vrhr dks eqM+dj ns[kuk pkfg,] ysfdu vknj lfgr lekykspuk ds lkFkA blh ls ge ml le; ds rkfdZd vk/kkjksa dks le> ldrs gSa vkSj dnkfpr~ ;g Hkh le> ldrs gSa fd dSls ekuo efLr"d bl fo'okl rd igqapk fd lw;Z xzg.k] lwjt ij jkgw vkSj dsrq ds vkØe.k dk ifj.kke gSA fuf'pr gh izkphu n'kZu'kkfL=;ksa dh ,slh vusd ifjdYiuk,a gS ftudks vkt fl) ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ysfdu bUgha ifjdYiukvksa dh jks'kuh esa vk/kqfud Kku dh izkfIr gqbZ vkSj lHkh Kkr rF;] lewps n'kZu'kkL= dk ra=] oSf'od vkSj lkekftd Kku dk Øe bUgha ifjdYiukvksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] Hkk"kk dk oSKkfud v/;;u 400 bZlk iwoZ Hkkjr esa ^;kLd* us izkjEHk fd;k FkkA og Hkk"kk ds vk/kqfud v/;;u ds fy, fy[kh x;h iqLrd ^fu:Dr* ds ys[kd FksA mUgksus lcls igys Hkk"kk dks laKk] fØ;k] loZuke vkSj fo'ks"k.k ds pkj Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;kA nwljs egku nk'kZfud ^ikf.kuh* ¼yxHkx 600 bZlk iwoZ½ us Hkk"kk

10 11

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

oSKkfud v/;;u ls igys 'kCn vkSj mlds vFkZ ds chp ,d lgthoh laca/k LFkkfir fd;kA ,d nwljs vKkr n'kZu'kkL=h Hkh gS ftUgksus 'kwU; dh [kkst dh vkSj fo'o dks chtxf.kr dh lkSxkr nhA

ikf.kuh us ^v"Vk/;k;h* esa lw= :i esa Hkk"kk foKku dk tks n'kZu fn;k gS mls 20 oha lnh ds dEI;wVj Kku dk vkfne ¼igyk½ dne dgk tk ldrk gSA blls cM+h ckr ;g gS fd ikf.kuh us 64 Hkk"kkfoKkfu;ksa dk ftØ fd;k gS tks mlls Hkh igys gks pqds FksA blls irk pyrk gS fd cq) ds 500 bZlkiwoZ ds oSKkfud dky esa ,sls cgqr ls yksx jgs gksaxs ftUgksus HkkSfrd inkFkksZa ds foKku dks le>us] tkapus vkSj rF;ksa dks Hkk"kkbZ izrhdksa ls nwljksa rd igqapkus dk iz;kl fd;k FkkA 800 & 500 bZlk iwoZ dk dky gh nk'kZfud bfrgkl esa mifu"kn~ fparu dk ;qx ekuk tkrk gSA ysfdu mifu"kn~ fparu ls dksbZ 3000 lky igys] oSfnd&fparu dh oSKkfud [kkst 'kq: gks pqdh FkhA vkfn oSKkfud _f"k;ksa us i`Foh] vkdk'k] gok] ikuh] lw;Z] panz] igkM+h pÍkuksa dh mapkb;ka] lrjaxh fdj.ksa] ?ku?kksj ?kVkvksa ds chp pedrh fctyh vkSj vxk/k xgjs leqnzksa ds chp mBrh rwQkuh ygjksa vkfn dh izd`fr le>us dh igy dh FkhA ysfdu ml vkfn dky esa] tks ekuo tkfr fodkl dk izkjafHkd ;qx Fkk] e'khuh ;a=ksa dk vkfo"dkj ugha gqvk FkkA _f"k;ksa us izR;{k izek.k ls rF;ksa dks le>dj oSKkfud fl)kar mtkxj fd,A

foKku dh lhek,a vuUr gSA ekuo tkfr ds oSKkfud fodkl dk bfrgkl 5 gtkj o"kZ ekuk tkrk gS fy;k tk,] tc oSfnd dky ds _f"k;ksa us _Xosn dh izFke _pk esa mn~?kks"k fd;k Fkk ^vx~fue~ bZMs iqjksfgre~* rc ls izxfr dk izokg lrr~ xfreku gSA gekjs foKku dh lhek,a QSyrh tk jgh gS vkSj fiNys 500 o"kksZa esa fodkl ds bfrgkl dh nwljh lhek dk izkjEHk gqvk gS ysfdu lcls vf/kd ØkfUrdkjh vkSj rsth ls QSyrh gqbZ lhekvksa dk rhljk pj.k 20 oha 'krkCnh ds e/;dky ls ekuk tkrk gSA

vkfndky ds oSKkfud [kkst es iap rRoksa ty] ok;q] vfXu] i`Foh vkSj vkdk'k dks lcls egRoiw.kZ le>k x;k FkkA lEiw.kZ vfLrRo vkSj tks dqN Hkh tkuuk Fkk og bu ikapks ls ijs dqN u FkkA ysfdu ;g Hkh le>k tkrk Fkk fd fdlh ,d gh rRo dks Hkyh&Hkkafr le> ysus ls nwljs rRoksa dks Hkh le>k tk ldrk gSA fQj ;g Hkh le> esa vkrk Fkk fd tks dqN Hkh n`'; gS mlds ijs dqN ,slk Hkh gksxk tks lc esa ,d gS vkSj ikapks inkFkksZa dks lpkafyr fd, gq, gSA ,slh ,d 'kfDr tks ikapks ewyHkwr rRoksa dks cuk, j[kus vkSj izd`fr ds cuus vkSj fcxM+us ds fu;e dks pyk, ,slh fdlh vn~Hkqr vkSj vuUr ije lRrk dh dYiuk dh xbZ Fkh vkSj bl lEiw.kZ pjkpj txr] l`f"V dh lkoZHkkSfed lRrk ij fdlh ijk'kfDr dh dYiuk dks czãk dk Lo:i ekuk x;kA vukfndky ds oSKkfudksa us lw;Z vkSj pUnzek ds mn; vkSj vLr dks le>us dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh vkSj cM+h lk/kuk ds ckn u{k=ksa vkSj lw;Z&pUnz ds mrkj&p<+ko dks xf.kr ds vk/kkj ij lqy>k;k FkkA dqN dYiuk Fkh] ysfdu rdZ dk vk/kkj Fkk] ftlls ;a=ks vkSj e'khuksa ds uk gksus ij Hkh nwjchu ds vHkko esa tks dqN Hkh [kqyh vka[kksa ls ns[k ldrs Fks mls izR;{k vkSj vuqeku ds lgkjs oSfnd dky ds _f"k;ksa us czãk.M ds mn~Hko lapyu vkSj mrkj&p<+ko dks dkykof/k esa ckaVdj le>us dh dksf'k'k dh FkhA blfy, oSfnddky ds oSKkfudks us ^lw;Z&panz elkS/kkrk ;Fkk iwoZe~ vdYi;r~* dgk FkkA vkxs pydj ml dky ds nk'kZfud&oSKkfudksa us l`f"V dh mRifRr ls orZeku dky dks pkj ;qxksa vkSj dYiksa esa foHkkftr fd;kA

euq"; dh oSKkfud [kkst dk dHkh var ugha gksrkA euq"; ubZ&ubZ rduhd dk vkfo"dkj djrk jgrk gS vkSj le; ds lkFk&lkFk tgka rduhd c<+rh tkrh gS ogka oSKkfud [kkst dh lhek,a Hkh QSyrh tkrh gSaA tks ge tkurs gS og ^Kkr&Kku* vkSj tks gesa tkuuk gS og ^vKkr*A nksuksa ds chp dk varj ges'kk cjkcj jgrk gSA eryc ;s] fd ftruk ge tku ysrs gSa mlds ijs vHkh vkSj

tkuuk ckdh gksrk gSa bldks dgrs gS] foKku dh lhek;saA ,slk laHko ugha gS fd ge dHkh Hkh lEiw.kZ lR; dks ik ysa vkSj blfy, lEiw.kZ Kku ugha gks ldrk vksj uk dHkh lEiw.kZ lkekftd ØkafrA D;ksafd ge Lo;a viw.kZ gSa blfy, gekjk Kku dHkh Hkh iw.kZ ugha gks ldrk gSA oSKkfud fodkl dk ;gh vk/kkj gSA blds Bhd foijhr /kkfeZd fo'okl dk jkLrk gSA /keZ ds Bsdsnkjksa dk ekuuk gS fd os dsoy J)k vkSj fo'okl ;k iwtk&ikB ;ksx ds jgL;ksa vkSj muls Hkh ijs thou&e`R;q ds jgL;ksa dks izR;{k dj ldrs gSA ysfdu fiNys 5 gtkj o"kksZa ds nk'kZfud bfrgkl dks ns[kus ls irk pyrk gS fd dksbZ Hkh xzaFk] dksbZ Hkh /keZ gesa lEiw.kZ l`f"V ds jgL;ksa dk irk ugha crk ldrk gSA blfy, loky ;s ugha gS fd dkSu lgh gS vkSj dkSu xyr] cfYd le>uk ;g gS fd dkSu lk fl)kUr fdl ;qx esa fy[kk x;kA

lSdM+ksa lky igys tc dHkh egkekfj;ka QSy tkrh Fkh vkSj yksx bldh pisV esa vk dj ej tkrs Fks rks ml le; yksx bldks nSfod vkink gh ekurs FksA ml oDr u rks nwjchu dk vkfo"dkj gqvk Fkk vkSj uk gh lw{en'khZ dkA u rks yksxksa dks ePNj ds fo"k esa eysfj;k ds dhVk.kqvksa dk irk Fkk u pspd ds ok;jl dkA nwjchu ds vHkko ls lw;Z vkSj panz xzg.k dks fdlh jk{klh 'kfDr }kjk jkgw&dsrw dh nq"V Nk;k eku ysuk ml ;qx ds nk'kZfudksa dks rdZ lEer yxrk FkkA izkphu lR; gh gesa vkt ds ;qx esa lgh ugha eku ysuk pkfg,A fdlh fl)kUr dks oSKkfud dlkSVh ij KkukRed <ax ls orZeku rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij le>us dh dksf'k'k djuk pkfg,A ,slk dksbZ Hkh /keZ ;k nk'kZfud fl)kUr ugha gS tks loZdkfyd lR; gksA dsoy os gh lR; ges'kk lR; gks ldrs gS tks oSKkfud gksaA 'kjhj dk rkieku 37 fMxzh lgh gksrk gSA mlls vf/kd xehZ ij 'kjhj esa fodkj dh lEHkkouk gksrh gSaSA ;s ,sls rF; gSa tks lc ns'kksa esa vkSj lc dkyksa esa lR; jgsaxsA ysfdu budh oSKkfud O;k[;k ;k ty] ok;q i`Foh ds ijek.kqvksa dh lw{erk vkSj muls muds vkilh feyko

Hkkjrh; n'kZu vkSj foKku

/khjsUnz 'kekZ

;fn oSKkfudh dk eryc ,dne lgh vkSj O;ofLFkr Kku gS rks 800 bZlk iwoZ Hkkjrh; n'kZu'kkL= O;ofLFkr Kku jgk gksxkA ;g lp gS fd ftl rjg vkt foKku] n'kZu'kkL= vkSj lkekftd foKku dks ge vyx&vyx le> ldrs gSa] ml le; budh dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha FkhA gekjs le; dk lcls l'kDr 'kCn ^foKku* vkt ls nks lkS lky igys vfLrRo esa vk;kA bl 'kCn dk vaxzsth 'kCndks'k esa izos'k vBkjgoha 'krkCnh dh 'kq:okr esa gqvkA ^Kku* ds lekukFkhZ ds :i esa ;g 'kCn Ýkal ls vk;k ysfdu vk/kqfud foKku dh 'kq:vkr esa ^oSKkfud Kku* bls lkekU; Kku ls vyx djus ds fy, iz;ksx esa yk;k x;kA tYnh gh bl 'kCn dk iz;ksx fdlh oLrq dh O;ofLFkr tk¡p i{kikrjfgr lR; vkSj O;kid :i ls fdlh ifj?kVuk dks tkuus dh ftKklk ls mits cks/k ds fy, fd;k tkus yxkA oSfMaxVu us foKku dh O;k[;k djrs gq, fy[kk fd ÞoLrq,a dSls dke djrh gS bldks tkuus dk ekuo dk O;ofLFkr iz;kl

foKku gSAÞ ,YMl gDlys foKku dks ,d midj.k ds :i esa O;k[;kf;r djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd ß;g ekuo ds vuqHkoksa dh tkap iM+rky djus] Js.khc) djus vkSj mls nwljs rd igqapkus dk ;a= gSAÞ

okLro esa ekuoh; fpUru dk vk/kkj ftKklk gS tks foKku dk ewyea= gSA foKku 'kwU; ekuoh; lekt laHko gh ugha gSA ;g fo'okl djus dk dksbZ dkj.k ugha fd dqN yksx vkuqokaf'kd :i ls foKku vkSj rduhd ds fodkl esa LokHkkfod :i ls lksp ugha ldrs ;k fdlh fo'ks"k tkfr ;k jk"Vª dks izd`fr us fo'ks"k rkSj ij oSKkfud lksp ds migkj ls uoktk gSA ;g ekuus dk Hkh dksbZ dkj.k ugha gS fd xSj if'peh ;k izkphu yksx rdZlaxr lksp ls jfgr Fks ;k os O;ofLFkr oSKkfud Kku fodflr ugha dj ldsA tSls Hkfo"; orZeku ls gh fodlfr gksrk gS mlh rjg orZeku vrhr ds fcuk ugha vk ldrkA foKku dh izxfr Hkh fujarj fodflr Kku ds dqy lafpr izHkko dk gh ifj.kke gSA fuf'pr gh gesa vius

vrhr dks eqM+dj ns[kuk pkfg,] ysfdu vknj lfgr lekykspuk ds lkFkA blh ls ge ml le; ds rkfdZd vk/kkjksa dks le> ldrs gSa vkSj dnkfpr~ ;g Hkh le> ldrs gSa fd dSls ekuo efLr"d bl fo'okl rd igqapk fd lw;Z xzg.k] lwjt ij jkgw vkSj dsrq ds vkØe.k dk ifj.kke gSA fuf'pr gh izkphu n'kZu'kkfL=;ksa dh ,slh vusd ifjdYiuk,a gS ftudks vkt fl) ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ysfdu bUgha ifjdYiukvksa dh jks'kuh esa vk/kqfud Kku dh izkfIr gqbZ vkSj lHkh Kkr rF;] lewps n'kZu'kkL= dk ra=] oSf'od vkSj lkekftd Kku dk Øe bUgha ifjdYiukvksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] Hkk"kk dk oSKkfud v/;;u 400 bZlk iwoZ Hkkjr esa ^;kLd* us izkjEHk fd;k FkkA og Hkk"kk ds vk/kqfud v/;;u ds fy, fy[kh x;h iqLrd ^fu:Dr* ds ys[kd FksA mUgksus lcls igys Hkk"kk dks laKk] fØ;k] loZuke vkSj fo'ks"k.k ds pkj Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;kA nwljs egku nk'kZfud ^ikf.kuh* ¼yxHkx 600 bZlk iwoZ½ us Hkk"kk

12 13

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu us o"kZ 1878 esa LFkkfir ou fo|ky; ls viuh 'kq:vkr dhA igys bldk uke bEihfj;y ou vuqla/kku laLFkku j[kk x;k rRi'pkr ou vuqla/kku laLFkku uke o"kZ 1906 esa vfLrRo esa vk;kA laLFkku dk bfrgkl Hkkjr esa gh ugha vfirq lEiw.kZ mi&egk}hi esa Hkh oSKkfud okfudh ds foLrkj ,oa fodkl dk i;kZ; gSA yxHkx ,d 'krkCnh lefiZr okfudh vuqla/kku lfgr okfudh esa f'k{kk izkfIr ds ,d vkn'kZ LFkku ds lkFk gh ou vuqla/kku laLFkku ds ns'k Hkj esa fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij dbZ dsUnz fLFkr gSaA ;g laLFkku bfUnjk xka/kh jk"Vªh; ou vdkneh ds ek/;e ls ou vf/kdkfj;ksa ,oa ou jsUtjksa dks izf'k{k.k iznku djrk gSA o"kZ 1988 esa] ns'k esa okfudh vuqla/kku ds iquxZBu vkSj Hkkjrh; okfudh vuqla/kku ,oa f'k{kk ifj"kn ds l`tu ds lkFk izf'k{k.k ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnzksa dks Lora= Lrj iznku fd;k x;kA ifj"kn i;kZoj.k ,oa ou ea=ky; ds v/khu dk;Z djrh gSA ou vuqla/kku laLFkku dks fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ¼;w-th-lh-½ dh flQkfj'k ij fnlEcj] 1991 esa le fo'ofo|ky; dk ntkZ iznku fd;k x;kA le fo'ofo|ky; dk mn~ns'; okfudh foLrkj dk;ZØeksa }kjk vke turk ds e/; ou vkSj i;kZoj.k ds ckjs esa tkx:drk mRiUu djus ds vfrfjDr okfudh ,oa i;kZoj.k dh fofHkUu 'kk[kkvksa esa f'k{kk iznku djuk gSA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku dk LoPN ,oa 'kkar okrkoj.k vuqla/kku dk;Z djus gsrq 'kks/kdrkZvksa dks loksZÙke LFkku miyC/k djkrk gSA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu ds laxzgky; ou vuqla/kku laLFkku dh ,d vuqie miyfC/k gSa] tks u dsoy gesa fofHkUu :iksa esa ouksa ls lEcfU/kr tkx:drk iznku djrk gS cfYd ns'k & fons'k ds vkxUrqdksa ds fy, Hkh ;s laxzgky; vkd"kZ.k ds eq[; fcanq gSaA bu laxzgky;ksa ds ek/;e ls gesa ou laj{k.k] ou dhVksa ,oa ouksa esa gksus okyh fofo/k izdkj dh O;kf/k;ksa ls voxr gksus dk Hkh volj izkIr gksrk gSA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku esa 6 laxzgky; gSa%

1- ou O;kf/kdh laxzgky;A

2- lkekftd okfudh laxzgky;A

3- ou lao/kZu laxzgky;A

4- izdk"B laxzgky;A

5- vdk"B ou laxzgky;A

6- ou dhV foKku laxzgky;A

1- ou O;kf/kdh laxzgky;% ou O;kf/k laxzgky; dks ou jksx foKku laxzgky; ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSaA bl laxzgky; esa 900 ls vf/kd izn'kZ gSa tks vkfFkZd :i ls egRoiw.kZ vusd izdkj ds o`{kksa ds jksx vkSj izdk"Bksa esa gksus okys fofHkUu jksxksa ls voxr djkrs gSaA laxzgky; esa iznf'kZr eq[; o`{k&O;kf/k;ksa esa [kSj] lky] lkxkSu rFkk nsonkj esa mRiUu gksus okyk var% foxyu jksx gSaA bu leLr O;kf/k;ksa dks n'kkZus ds vfrfjDr laxzgky; esa lw{e thoksa }kjk izdk"B mRiknksa esa mRikfnr gksus okys {k; Hkh n'kkZ;s x;s gSaA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu laxzgky;

2- lkekftd okfudh laxzgky;%

bl laxzgky; dk mn~?kkVu Hkkjr dh rRdkyhu iz/kkuea=h Jherh bfUnjk xka/kh th us 19 fnlEcj] 1981 esa fd;k FkkA bl laxzgky; ds ek/;e ls vkxarqdksa dks ;g Kku izkIr gksrk gS fd xkaoksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj mRikndrk ij o`{k;qDr vkSj o`{kghu i;kZoj.k dk D;k izHkko gksrk gSa\ e`nk o ty laj{k.k] ck<+] lw[ks dh foink] bZa/ku&dk"B ds mRiknu] pkjk vkSj vU;

mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku laLFkku & 4

ls tks jklk;fud cnyko gksrs gS mudk izkphu xzUFkks esa gokyk ugha gks ldrkA

fiNys lkS o"kksZa esa fo'ks"k dj 1950&2000 ds ipkl lkyksa esa VSDuksykWth cgqr rsth ls c<+h gS vkSj b/kj ds nks n'kdksa esa dEI;wVjh fodkl ls tks oSKkfud izxfr gqbZ gS mlls Kku foKku dh lhek,a gesa vaur dh vksj ys tk jgh gSA ;fn ,d vksj i`Foh ls NksM+s x;s mixzgksa] ;a=ksa vksj oSKkfud iz;ksx'kkykvksa }kjk euq"; czãk.M ds jgL;ksa dks Hksn ikus dh dksf'k'k esa gS] rks nwljh vksj oSKkfud iz;ksx'kkyk,a ehyksa xgjsa i`Foh ds varjky esa QSyk nh xbZ gSA vusd iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa oSKkfud leqnz dh xgjkb;ksa es i`Foh vksj ty ds Hkhrj nkSM+rh gqbZ ty&fo|qr rjaxksa dks lSdM+ksa tho&tUrqvksa vkSj vusd rjg ds /kkrqvksa vkSj dherh jklk;fud

inkFkksZa dh [kkst dj jgsa gS] rks nwljh rjQ dEI;wVjksa dh lgk;rk ls gtkjksa iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa gekjs oSKkfud tho&tUrqvksa] isM+&ikS/kksa vkSj d`fe] dhVksa dh jpuk lfgr mu dh mRifÙk rFkk fodkl vkSj fouk'k dh izfØ;k dks le> jgsa gSA

blfy, gekjs bl oSKkfud ;qx esa vc Iysx ;k pspd dh egkekfj;ksa ls Mj dj Hkkxus dh t:jr ugha gSA ;s Hkh vc t:jh ugha fd fdlh iqjkus dky dh Mjkouh ewfrZ;ksa ij frfr;krs HksM+&cdfj;ksa dh ;k ewd i'kqvksa dh cfy nsdj vius d"Vksa ;k chekfj;ksa ls eqfDr dh izkFkZuk dh tk,A foKku ds jgL;ksa dks tkuus ds fy, lrr~ lk/kuk vkSj yxu t:jh gSaA oSKkfud i)fr vkSj dEI;wVjksa dh rduhd ls vxj ge jk"Vª ds gj NksVs&cM+s L=h&iq:"k dks ;s le>k ldsa dh egkekfj;ka vkSj 'kkjhfjd d"V HkkSfrd dkj.kksa ls gksrs

gS] fdlh nsoh ds izdksi ls ugha] chekjh dk dkj.k xanxh gS] fdlh vKkr deZ dk Qy ugha] rks lEHko gS fd ge 21oha lnh esa ,d u;s oSKkfud ;qx dk fuekZ.k dj ldsaA

vkt dh izxfr esa dEI;wVjksa dk iz;ksx ,d cgqr cM+h miyfC/k gSA ftruh tYnh bl dk iz;ksx gekjs ?kj&?kj esa fd;k tk ldsxk mruh gh tYnh foKku dh lhek;sa vkSj c<+saxh vkSj fodkl dh nkSM+ esa ge vkSj rsth ls izxfr djus esa vxzlj gksaxsA

¼lkStU; % Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k] mÙkjk[kaM izHkkx dh if=dk ^LofLr* ds

izFke vad ls½

laj{kd] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k]¼mÙkjk[k.M izHkkx½

funs'kd] lsUVj Qkj lkbZal ikWyhlh fjlpZ]fueZy fuy;] Hkxoariqj] nsgjknwu

fo".kq iqjk.k] czgek iqjk.k] LdUn iqjk.k] nsoh Hkkxor ds vuqlkj rqylh dh mRifÙk dh vusd dFkk,¡ gS ij ,d dFkk ds vuqlkj leqnz eUFku djrs le; tc ve`r fudyk rks dy'kksa dks ns[kdj Je dh lkFkZdrk ls vfHkHkwr gksdj nsorkvksa ds us=ksa ls vJqlzko gks mBk vkSj mu cw¡nksa ls rqylh ds o`{k mRiUu gq,] ftlds 22 Hksn gSa ysfdu eq[; fdLesa d`".k rqylh] 'osr rqylh] xa/k rqylh] ccZjh rqylh ds uke ls tkuh tkrh gSA

rqylh dh loZjksx lagkjd izo`fr ds dkj.k gh ?kj esa ?kjsyw oLrq dh Js.kh esa j[kk x;k gSA rqylh dh xa/k ls eysfj;k ds ePNj nwj jgrs gSA ikS/ks esa izcy fo|qr 'kfDr gksrh gS tks fd ikS/ks ds pkjksa vksj nks lkS xt rd jgrh gSA rqylh dk dVqfrDr jl g`n;xzkgh] fiÙkdkjd gSA ;g dq"B] iFkjh] jDrnks"k] ilfy;ksa ds nnZ] peZjkx] dQ vkSj ok;q uk'kd gSA d`".k vkSj 'kqDy nksuksa ds xq.kksa esa lekurk gSA

mi;ZqDr jksxksa ls ihfM+r O;fDr;ksa dks ,d ls lkr rd iRrs fu;fer :i ls pckus ij jksx ls NqVdkjk fey tkrk gSA eatjh ¼Qwy½ dks lq[kkdj mlds cht fudkydj cPpksa dks [kkuk [kkus ds ckn nsuk pkfg, ftlls eq[k 'kqf) ds lkFk&lkFk isV ds d`fe Hkh ej tkrs gSaA ;g uiqaldrk dh mÙke vkS"kf/k gSA ckthdj.k dh mRre vkS"kf/k gSA eatjh ¼Qwy½ gkjeksUl dh o`f) Hkh djrh gSA

rqylh dks fgUnq laLd`fr esa /kkfeZd egRo nsdj iwtk dh tkrh gSA ysfdu ftruk mldk gekjs vkS"kf/k 'kkL= ls lEcU/k gS mruk vU; fdlh Hkh vkS"kf/k ls euq"; dk lEcU/k ugha gSA

rqylh dk peRdkjh ikS/kk

12 13

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu us o"kZ 1878 esa LFkkfir ou fo|ky; ls viuh 'kq:vkr dhA igys bldk uke bEihfj;y ou vuqla/kku laLFkku j[kk x;k rRi'pkr ou vuqla/kku laLFkku uke o"kZ 1906 esa vfLrRo esa vk;kA laLFkku dk bfrgkl Hkkjr esa gh ugha vfirq lEiw.kZ mi&egk}hi esa Hkh oSKkfud okfudh ds foLrkj ,oa fodkl dk i;kZ; gSA yxHkx ,d 'krkCnh lefiZr okfudh vuqla/kku lfgr okfudh esa f'k{kk izkfIr ds ,d vkn'kZ LFkku ds lkFk gh ou vuqla/kku laLFkku ds ns'k Hkj esa fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij dbZ dsUnz fLFkr gSaA ;g laLFkku bfUnjk xka/kh jk"Vªh; ou vdkneh ds ek/;e ls ou vf/kdkfj;ksa ,oa ou jsUtjksa dks izf'k{k.k iznku djrk gSA o"kZ 1988 esa] ns'k esa okfudh vuqla/kku ds iquxZBu vkSj Hkkjrh; okfudh vuqla/kku ,oa f'k{kk ifj"kn ds l`tu ds lkFk izf'k{k.k ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnzksa dks Lora= Lrj iznku fd;k x;kA ifj"kn i;kZoj.k ,oa ou ea=ky; ds v/khu dk;Z djrh gSA ou vuqla/kku laLFkku dks fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ¼;w-th-lh-½ dh flQkfj'k ij fnlEcj] 1991 esa le fo'ofo|ky; dk ntkZ iznku fd;k x;kA le fo'ofo|ky; dk mn~ns'; okfudh foLrkj dk;ZØeksa }kjk vke turk ds e/; ou vkSj i;kZoj.k ds ckjs esa tkx:drk mRiUu djus ds vfrfjDr okfudh ,oa i;kZoj.k dh fofHkUu 'kk[kkvksa esa f'k{kk iznku djuk gSA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku dk LoPN ,oa 'kkar okrkoj.k vuqla/kku dk;Z djus gsrq 'kks/kdrkZvksa dks loksZÙke LFkku miyC/k djkrk gSA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu ds laxzgky; ou vuqla/kku laLFkku dh ,d vuqie miyfC/k gSa] tks u dsoy gesa fofHkUu :iksa esa ouksa ls lEcfU/kr tkx:drk iznku djrk gS cfYd ns'k & fons'k ds vkxUrqdksa ds fy, Hkh ;s laxzgky; vkd"kZ.k ds eq[; fcanq gSaA bu laxzgky;ksa ds ek/;e ls gesa ou laj{k.k] ou dhVksa ,oa ouksa esa gksus okyh fofo/k izdkj dh O;kf/k;ksa ls voxr gksus dk Hkh volj izkIr gksrk gSA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku esa 6 laxzgky; gSa%

1- ou O;kf/kdh laxzgky;A

2- lkekftd okfudh laxzgky;A

3- ou lao/kZu laxzgky;A

4- izdk"B laxzgky;A

5- vdk"B ou laxzgky;A

6- ou dhV foKku laxzgky;A

1- ou O;kf/kdh laxzgky;% ou O;kf/k laxzgky; dks ou jksx foKku laxzgky; ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSaA bl laxzgky; esa 900 ls vf/kd izn'kZ gSa tks vkfFkZd :i ls egRoiw.kZ vusd izdkj ds o`{kksa ds jksx vkSj izdk"Bksa esa gksus okys fofHkUu jksxksa ls voxr djkrs gSaA laxzgky; esa iznf'kZr eq[; o`{k&O;kf/k;ksa esa [kSj] lky] lkxkSu rFkk nsonkj esa mRiUu gksus okyk var% foxyu jksx gSaA bu leLr O;kf/k;ksa dks n'kkZus ds vfrfjDr laxzgky; esa lw{e thoksa }kjk izdk"B mRiknksa esa mRikfnr gksus okys {k; Hkh n'kkZ;s x;s gSaA

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu laxzgky;

2- lkekftd okfudh laxzgky;%

bl laxzgky; dk mn~?kkVu Hkkjr dh rRdkyhu iz/kkuea=h Jherh bfUnjk xka/kh th us 19 fnlEcj] 1981 esa fd;k FkkA bl laxzgky; ds ek/;e ls vkxarqdksa dks ;g Kku izkIr gksrk gS fd xkaoksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj mRikndrk ij o`{k;qDr vkSj o`{kghu i;kZoj.k dk D;k izHkko gksrk gSa\ e`nk o ty laj{k.k] ck<+] lw[ks dh foink] bZa/ku&dk"B ds mRiknu] pkjk vkSj vU;

mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku laLFkku & 4

ls tks jklk;fud cnyko gksrs gS mudk izkphu xzUFkks esa gokyk ugha gks ldrkA

fiNys lkS o"kksZa esa fo'ks"k dj 1950&2000 ds ipkl lkyksa esa VSDuksykWth cgqr rsth ls c<+h gS vkSj b/kj ds nks n'kdksa esa dEI;wVjh fodkl ls tks oSKkfud izxfr gqbZ gS mlls Kku foKku dh lhek,a gesa vaur dh vksj ys tk jgh gSA ;fn ,d vksj i`Foh ls NksM+s x;s mixzgksa] ;a=ksa vksj oSKkfud iz;ksx'kkykvksa }kjk euq"; czãk.M ds jgL;ksa dks Hksn ikus dh dksf'k'k esa gS] rks nwljh vksj oSKkfud iz;ksx'kkyk,a ehyksa xgjsa i`Foh ds varjky esa QSyk nh xbZ gSA vusd iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa oSKkfud leqnz dh xgjkb;ksa es i`Foh vksj ty ds Hkhrj nkSM+rh gqbZ ty&fo|qr rjaxksa dks lSdM+ksa tho&tUrqvksa vkSj vusd rjg ds /kkrqvksa vkSj dherh jklk;fud

inkFkksZa dh [kkst dj jgsa gS] rks nwljh rjQ dEI;wVjksa dh lgk;rk ls gtkjksa iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa gekjs oSKkfud tho&tUrqvksa] isM+&ikS/kksa vkSj d`fe] dhVksa dh jpuk lfgr mu dh mRifÙk rFkk fodkl vkSj fouk'k dh izfØ;k dks le> jgsa gSA

blfy, gekjs bl oSKkfud ;qx esa vc Iysx ;k pspd dh egkekfj;ksa ls Mj dj Hkkxus dh t:jr ugha gSA ;s Hkh vc t:jh ugha fd fdlh iqjkus dky dh Mjkouh ewfrZ;ksa ij frfr;krs HksM+&cdfj;ksa dh ;k ewd i'kqvksa dh cfy nsdj vius d"Vksa ;k chekfj;ksa ls eqfDr dh izkFkZuk dh tk,A foKku ds jgL;ksa dks tkuus ds fy, lrr~ lk/kuk vkSj yxu t:jh gSaA oSKkfud i)fr vkSj dEI;wVjksa dh rduhd ls vxj ge jk"Vª ds gj NksVs&cM+s L=h&iq:"k dks ;s le>k ldsa dh egkekfj;ka vkSj 'kkjhfjd d"V HkkSfrd dkj.kksa ls gksrs

gS] fdlh nsoh ds izdksi ls ugha] chekjh dk dkj.k xanxh gS] fdlh vKkr deZ dk Qy ugha] rks lEHko gS fd ge 21oha lnh esa ,d u;s oSKkfud ;qx dk fuekZ.k dj ldsaA

vkt dh izxfr esa dEI;wVjksa dk iz;ksx ,d cgqr cM+h miyfC/k gSA ftruh tYnh bl dk iz;ksx gekjs ?kj&?kj esa fd;k tk ldsxk mruh gh tYnh foKku dh lhek;sa vkSj c<+saxh vkSj fodkl dh nkSM+ esa ge vkSj rsth ls izxfr djus esa vxzlj gksaxsA

¼lkStU; % Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k] mÙkjk[kaM izHkkx dh if=dk ^LofLr* ds

izFke vad ls½

laj{kd] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k]¼mÙkjk[k.M izHkkx½

funs'kd] lsUVj Qkj lkbZal ikWyhlh fjlpZ]fueZy fuy;] Hkxoariqj] nsgjknwu

fo".kq iqjk.k] czgek iqjk.k] LdUn iqjk.k] nsoh Hkkxor ds vuqlkj rqylh dh mRifÙk dh vusd dFkk,¡ gS ij ,d dFkk ds vuqlkj leqnz eUFku djrs le; tc ve`r fudyk rks dy'kksa dks ns[kdj Je dh lkFkZdrk ls vfHkHkwr gksdj nsorkvksa ds us=ksa ls vJqlzko gks mBk vkSj mu cw¡nksa ls rqylh ds o`{k mRiUu gq,] ftlds 22 Hksn gSa ysfdu eq[; fdLesa d`".k rqylh] 'osr rqylh] xa/k rqylh] ccZjh rqylh ds uke ls tkuh tkrh gSA

rqylh dh loZjksx lagkjd izo`fr ds dkj.k gh ?kj esa ?kjsyw oLrq dh Js.kh esa j[kk x;k gSA rqylh dh xa/k ls eysfj;k ds ePNj nwj jgrs gSA ikS/ks esa izcy fo|qr 'kfDr gksrh gS tks fd ikS/ks ds pkjksa vksj nks lkS xt rd jgrh gSA rqylh dk dVqfrDr jl g`n;xzkgh] fiÙkdkjd gSA ;g dq"B] iFkjh] jDrnks"k] ilfy;ksa ds nnZ] peZjkx] dQ vkSj ok;q uk'kd gSA d`".k vkSj 'kqDy nksuksa ds xq.kksa esa lekurk gSA

mi;ZqDr jksxksa ls ihfM+r O;fDr;ksa dks ,d ls lkr rd iRrs fu;fer :i ls pckus ij jksx ls NqVdkjk fey tkrk gSA eatjh ¼Qwy½ dks lq[kkdj mlds cht fudkydj cPpksa dks [kkuk [kkus ds ckn nsuk pkfg, ftlls eq[k 'kqf) ds lkFk&lkFk isV ds d`fe Hkh ej tkrs gSaA ;g uiqaldrk dh mÙke vkS"kf/k gSA ckthdj.k dh mRre vkS"kf/k gSA eatjh ¼Qwy½ gkjeksUl dh o`f) Hkh djrh gSA

rqylh dks fgUnq laLd`fr esa /kkfeZd egRo nsdj iwtk dh tkrh gSA ysfdu ftruk mldk gekjs vkS"kf/k 'kkL= ls lEcU/k gS mruk vU; fdlh Hkh vkS"kf/k ls euq"; dk lEcU/k ugha gSA

rqylh dk peRdkjh ikS/kk

14 15

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ouLifrd uke % fuDVSaFkl vkcksZj&fVªfLVl (Nyctanthes arbor-

tristis Linn.) i;kZ;okph % laLd`r & jtuhgklk] izktdrk] uy dqUdqek( fgUnh&ikfjtkr] 'ksQkyh( caxyk&'ksQkfydk] ';wyh] fl;ksyh( xqtjkrh&t;kikoZrh( mfM+;k&xksMksdksfMdks] xaqtksfl;ksyh] flaxkjksgkjks( ey;kye&ikfo>kEeyh( rfey&iokykeYyhdkbZ] HkU>iq( rsyxw&dfiykukxknqLrq] ikfjtkrew( d™kM+&gjflax( ejkBh&[kqjkLyh( nsgjknwu&gqjhZ] x<+oky&dqjhZ( mnZw& xqy&,&tkQjh( vaxzsth&ukbV ¶ykofjax tSLehu] dksjy tSLehu] lSM Vªh] Vªh vkWQ lkSjks] bafM;u eksuZj fMokbu VªhA

gkjflaxkj ¼gj&Jaxkj vFkok bZ'oj@f'ko dk Jaxkj½ twgh] pesyh o tSrwu ds dqy vksfy;slh dk lnL; gSA ewyr% ;g caxky {ks= dk o`{k gS tks nf{k.kh ,f'k;k esa Hkkjr ds vfrfjä Jhyadk] usiky] ikfdLrku] ckaxykns'k] FkkbZySaM] Ea;kekj o baMksusf'k;k esa ik;k tkrk gSA ;g mi&fgeky;h {ks= esa yxHkx 1400 ehVj Å¡pkbZ ij tEew&d'ehj] fgekpy izns'k o mÙkjk[kaM ls iwohZ vklke] if'peh caxky] f=iqjk vkfn jkT;ksa ds ouksa esa ik;k tkrk gSA e/; o nf{k.k Hkkjr ds ouksa esa Hkh blds o`{k ik;s tkrs gSaA vfr lqxfU/kr iq"iksa ds dkj.k ;g izk;% ckx&cxhpkas dk izeq[k vo;o gSA ;g

i0 caxky o FkkbZySaM ds dapucwjh izkUr dk jkT;&iq"i gSA blds iq"i 1-5&2-5 ls0eh0 O;kl rFkk 'osr ijUrq ukajxh ;k yky ufydk okys gksrs gSaA nyiqat ifg;s dh rjg ?kqekonkj gksrh gSA gkjflaxkj ds Qwy lw;kZLr ds ckn f[kyrs gSa rFkk lw;ksZn; ls igys gh /kjrh ij fc[kj dj xyhpk lk cuk nsrs gSA blhfy;s bls ^Vªh vkWQ lkSjks* dgk x;k gSA ySfVu uke ds tkfr&'kCn] ^vkcksZj&fVªfLVl* dk Hkh vFkZ gS ^lSM Vªh*A ;gh tkfr 'kCn bldk Ýkalhlh uke Hkh gSaA 'kk;n ;g ,dek= iq"i gS tks 'kk[kk ls rksM+ dj ugha vfirq /kjrh ls pqudj Hkxoku dks vfiZr fd;k tkrk gSA

,d ikSjkf.kd dFkk gS fd ikfjtkrd uke dh jktdqekjh lw;Z ls izse djrh Fkh rFkk mls izl™k djus dk iz;Ru djrh FkhA ijUrq lw;Z }kjk frjLd`r gksus ij mlus 'kksd esa vkRegR;k djyhA mldh fprk dh jk[k ls ikfjtkr o`{k mRi™k gqvkA vius izseh lw;Z ds n'kZu u djus ds fy;s gh ;g lw;kZLr mijkUr iqf"ir gksrk gS rFkk mlds mn; ls igys vkalqvksa dh Hkkafr >M+tkrk gSA

Hkkxor iqjk.k] egkHkkjr o fo".kq&iqjk.k ds vuqlkj ;g o`{k leqnz&eUFku ls mRi™k gqvkA bUnz bls /kjrh&okfl;ksa ds Lrj ls mRd`"V eku dj vius fnO; m|ku vejkorh ys x;s tgk¡ ;g ik¡p fnO; o`{kksa esa mxrk jgkA bUnz dh iRuh

'kfp dks blds 'osr iq"i cgqr fiz; Fks blfy;s ;g bUnz yksd es yxk;k x;kA

rrks · Hkor~ ikfjtkr % lqjyksd foHkw"k.keA

iwj;R;fFkZuks ;kS · FkSZ % 'k'on~ Hkqfo ;Fkk HkokuAA ¼Hkkxor iqjk.k & 8%8%6½

vFkkZr~ blds ¼leqnzeUFku½ i'pkr LoxZ yksd dh 'kksHkk c<+kus okyk dYio`{k ¼ikfjtkr½ izdV gqvkA og ;kpdkvksa dh bPNk,¡] mudh bfPNr oLrq nsdj oSls gh iw.kZ djrk jgrk gS] tSls i`Foh ij rqe lcdh bPNk,¡ iw.kZ djrs gksA ikfjtkr fgUnqvksa }kjk nsoyksd ds ik¡p dYio`{kksa esa ekuk tkrk gSA

Hkxoku d`".k bl fnO; o`{k dks bUnzyksd ls /kjrh ij yk,A os bldh 'kk[kk pqjkdj yk,A bl lanHkZ esa Hkkxor iqjk.k esa ,d izkphu fp= Jh d`".k dks bldh 'kk[kk fy;s n'kkZ;k x;k gSA d`".k dh nksuks ifRu;ksa] lR;Hkkek o #d~e.kh bls vius&vius egy ds vkaxu esa mxkuk pkgrh FkhaA vr% Hkxoku d`".k us nksuksa dks izl™k djus gsrq] ikfjtkr dks lR;Hkkek ds vkaxu esa bl izdkj yxk;k fd tc ;g iq"ikfUor gks] blds iq"i #d~e.kh ds vkaxu esa fxjsaA

Jh e˜kxor iqjk.k esa #d~e.kh ds egy dk o.kZu bl izdkj gS%

ikfjtkr oukeksn ok;quks|ku 'kkfyukA

/kkfedZ ] lkfgfR;d o vk"S k/kh; o{̀k

gkjflaxkj

lUrks"k vxzoky

5- vdk"B ou laxzgky;%

vdk"B ou laxzgky; esa fofHkUu dPph fuEu ou mitksa vkSj muds vU;&mRiknksa dh ckuxh Hkh iznf'kZr dh xbZ gSaA izn'kZuh esa phM+] o`{kksa ls jsftu fu"d"kZ.k dh ikjEifjd rduhd vkSj ubZ fodflr ^fjy^ fof/k ijEijkxr fof/k ls T;knk vPNh gS D;ksafd blls ,d rks phM+ o`{kksa dks de {kfr igqaprh gS vkSj blds vfrfjDr] jky dh izkfIr c<+ tkrh gSA m|ksxksa gsrq egRoiw.kZ dPps eky] rkjihu rsy vkSj xa/k jky

3- ou lao/kZu laxzgky;%

ou lao/kZu laxzgky; esa ouksa ds oSKkfud izca/k n'kkZus okys vusd ekWMy vFkok izfrn'kZ ,oa Nk;kfp= lekfo"V gSaA bl laxzgky; esa ,sls izfrn'kZ Hkh gSa tks vuqi;qDr izca/k i)fr;ksa ds nq"ifj.kke] vkx vkSj vU; ckW;ksfVd dkj.kksa ls gksus okyh {kfr ,oa fofHkUu izdkj dh ou lao/kZu iz.kkfy;ksa ds vUrxZr ouksa ds oSKkfud izca/k dh mfpr i)fr;ka n`';eku djus esa lgk;d gSaA ;g laxzgky; okfudh ds

6- ou dhV foKku laxzgky;%

ou dhV foKku laxzgky; dh LFkkiuk orZeku 'krkCnh ds vkjaHk esa gqbZ FkhA tSls&tSls ou dhV foKku {ks= dk Kku foLrkj gqvk oSls&oSls bl laxzgky; dk rhoz xfr ls fodkl gksrk x;kA bl laxzgky; esa ukfHk&dhVksa dh fofHkUu voLFkkvksa ds rFkk ukfHkdhVksa ls chtksa] chtkadqjksa] o`{kksa] ikfrr izdk"Bksa] ckalksa vkSj rS;kj mRiknksa dks gksus okyh {kfr n'kkZus okys yxHkx 3]000 izn'kZ gSaA izn'kksZa dks ikni oa'kksa ds vuqlkj o.kkZuqØe esa j[kk x;k gSa ;g laxzgky; lky lkj&dk"B fNnzd] ikWiyj fu"i=d] ccwy ds rus ,oa ewy dk Hk{k.k djus okys fNnzd tSls izeq[k ukfHkdhV] mudk tho&foKku] thouo`Ùk rFkk {kfr ds izdkjksa ls vkxarqdksa dks voxr gksus dk volj miyC/k djkrk gSA

izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa gsrq fo'ks"k :i ls egRoiw.kZ gS blds vfrfjDr ;gka lk/kkj.k turk fo'ks"kr% fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks Hkh fofHkUu :iksa esa okfudh ls lEcfU/kr vf/kdkf/kd Kku izkIr gksrk gSA

4- izdk"B laxzgky;%

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku ds izdk"B laxzgky; esa izdk"B mi;ksx vkSj bldh vFkZO;oLFkk ds {ks= esa vuqla/kku] dk"B la'kks"k.k izdk"B vkSj blds mi;ksxksa dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izdk"B laxzgky; ns'kt Hkkjrh; rFkk vuqi;ksxh dk"B ds mi;ksx ls rS;kj nLrdkjh] vkStkj gRFks] oL=] midj.k] QuhZpj] lkt&lTtk gsrq mi;ksxh ydM+h ds Q'kZ tSls izn'kksZ ls ;qDr gSaA bl laxzgky; dh nhokjksa ds lkFk&lkFk iznf'kZr 126 O;kolkf;d :i ls egRoiw.kZ fdLeksa ds ikWfy'nkj ,oa xSj&ikWfy'knkj iSuy vkxUrqdksa dks bu dk"Bksa dh igpku ij ,d vuqeku miyC/k djkrs gSa] ftlls budh izkjfEHkd igpku dh tk ldrh gSA ;Fkkfi vkd"kZ.k dk dsUnz 704 o"kZ iqjkuk nsonkj ¼lhMªl nsonkj½ o`{k dk ,d vuqizLFk [kaM gS] ftls mÙkjizns'k dh igkfM+;ksa ls 1919 esa dkVk x;k FkkA okf"kZd oy;ksa dks i<+dj izkd`frd vkSj ty;ko;h ?kVukvksa dks Li"V :i ls Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

ds uewus Hkh bl laxzgky; esa lekfo"V fd;s x;s gSaA gekjs Hkkjr ns'k esa mRikfnr dh tkus okyh fofHkUu ckalksa dh iztkfr;ka ,oa ckal ls rS;kj fd;s tkus okys vusdkusd mRikn Hkh bl laxzgky; esa iznf'kZr izn'kksZa esa ls egRoiw.kZ gSA laxzgky; esa vkSj Hkh dbZ izdkj dh xkSa.k ou mitksa tSl&dRFkk vkSj dp] yk[k vkSj yk[k ls fufeZr inkFkZ] lqjfHkr rsy] [kk| inkFkZ] olh; rsy] elkys] tM+h&cwfV;ka] fofHkUu isM+&ikS/kksa ls izkIr peZ 'kks/kd] xksan vkfn ds uewus j[ks x;s gSaA

mRiknksa ij o`{k o`f) dk izHkko n'kkZus okys izfrn'kZ ,oa Nk;kfp=ksa dks ;g laxzgky; lekfgr fd;s gq, gSA izn'kksZa dk Li"V y{; turk dks ;g Kku miyC/k djkuk gS fd fdl izdkj lM+dksa] ugjksa rFkk jsyos ykbu ds fdukjs] miyC/k Hkwfe;ksa rFkk cka/kksa ,oa vU; izdkj dh tehu] ftls orZeku esa fdlh Hkh izdkj ls iz;ksx esa ugha yk;k tk jgk gks] mu ij o`{kkjksi.k fd;s tkus ds ek/;e ls bu leLr izkd`frd vkinkvksa ls eqDr gqvk tk ldrk gSA jksi.k ds ikS/ks mxkus dh ulZjh rduhdksa] jksi.k dh fofo/k rduhdksa ,oa ikni laj{k.k laca/kh fofHkUu i)fr;ksa dks ;gka izn'kZuh vkSj vusdkusd izfrn'kksZa ds ek/;e ls n'kkZ;k x;k gS] ftlds ek/;e ls ou vuqla/kku esa Hkze.k djus okys leLr vkxUrqdksa dks ouksa ls laca/kh tkx:drk izkIr gksrh gSA

14 15

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ouLifrd uke % fuDVSaFkl vkcksZj&fVªfLVl (Nyctanthes arbor-

tristis Linn.) i;kZ;okph % laLd`r & jtuhgklk] izktdrk] uy dqUdqek( fgUnh&ikfjtkr] 'ksQkyh( caxyk&'ksQkfydk] ';wyh] fl;ksyh( xqtjkrh&t;kikoZrh( mfM+;k&xksMksdksfMdks] xaqtksfl;ksyh] flaxkjksgkjks( ey;kye&ikfo>kEeyh( rfey&iokykeYyhdkbZ] HkU>iq( rsyxw&dfiykukxknqLrq] ikfjtkrew( d™kM+&gjflax( ejkBh&[kqjkLyh( nsgjknwu&gqjhZ] x<+oky&dqjhZ( mnZw& xqy&,&tkQjh( vaxzsth&ukbV ¶ykofjax tSLehu] dksjy tSLehu] lSM Vªh] Vªh vkWQ lkSjks] bafM;u eksuZj fMokbu VªhA

gkjflaxkj ¼gj&Jaxkj vFkok bZ'oj@f'ko dk Jaxkj½ twgh] pesyh o tSrwu ds dqy vksfy;slh dk lnL; gSA ewyr% ;g caxky {ks= dk o`{k gS tks nf{k.kh ,f'k;k esa Hkkjr ds vfrfjä Jhyadk] usiky] ikfdLrku] ckaxykns'k] FkkbZySaM] Ea;kekj o baMksusf'k;k esa ik;k tkrk gSA ;g mi&fgeky;h {ks= esa yxHkx 1400 ehVj Å¡pkbZ ij tEew&d'ehj] fgekpy izns'k o mÙkjk[kaM ls iwohZ vklke] if'peh caxky] f=iqjk vkfn jkT;ksa ds ouksa esa ik;k tkrk gSA e/; o nf{k.k Hkkjr ds ouksa esa Hkh blds o`{k ik;s tkrs gSaA vfr lqxfU/kr iq"iksa ds dkj.k ;g izk;% ckx&cxhpkas dk izeq[k vo;o gSA ;g

i0 caxky o FkkbZySaM ds dapucwjh izkUr dk jkT;&iq"i gSA blds iq"i 1-5&2-5 ls0eh0 O;kl rFkk 'osr ijUrq ukajxh ;k yky ufydk okys gksrs gSaA nyiqat ifg;s dh rjg ?kqekonkj gksrh gSA gkjflaxkj ds Qwy lw;kZLr ds ckn f[kyrs gSa rFkk lw;ksZn; ls igys gh /kjrh ij fc[kj dj xyhpk lk cuk nsrs gSA blhfy;s bls ^Vªh vkWQ lkSjks* dgk x;k gSA ySfVu uke ds tkfr&'kCn] ^vkcksZj&fVªfLVl* dk Hkh vFkZ gS ^lSM Vªh*A ;gh tkfr 'kCn bldk Ýkalhlh uke Hkh gSaA 'kk;n ;g ,dek= iq"i gS tks 'kk[kk ls rksM+ dj ugha vfirq /kjrh ls pqudj Hkxoku dks vfiZr fd;k tkrk gSA

,d ikSjkf.kd dFkk gS fd ikfjtkrd uke dh jktdqekjh lw;Z ls izse djrh Fkh rFkk mls izl™k djus dk iz;Ru djrh FkhA ijUrq lw;Z }kjk frjLd`r gksus ij mlus 'kksd esa vkRegR;k djyhA mldh fprk dh jk[k ls ikfjtkr o`{k mRi™k gqvkA vius izseh lw;Z ds n'kZu u djus ds fy;s gh ;g lw;kZLr mijkUr iqf"ir gksrk gS rFkk mlds mn; ls igys vkalqvksa dh Hkkafr >M+tkrk gSA

Hkkxor iqjk.k] egkHkkjr o fo".kq&iqjk.k ds vuqlkj ;g o`{k leqnz&eUFku ls mRi™k gqvkA bUnz bls /kjrh&okfl;ksa ds Lrj ls mRd`"V eku dj vius fnO; m|ku vejkorh ys x;s tgk¡ ;g ik¡p fnO; o`{kksa esa mxrk jgkA bUnz dh iRuh

'kfp dks blds 'osr iq"i cgqr fiz; Fks blfy;s ;g bUnz yksd es yxk;k x;kA

rrks · Hkor~ ikfjtkr % lqjyksd foHkw"k.keA

iwj;R;fFkZuks ;kS · FkSZ % 'k'on~ Hkqfo ;Fkk HkokuAA ¼Hkkxor iqjk.k & 8%8%6½

vFkkZr~ blds ¼leqnzeUFku½ i'pkr LoxZ yksd dh 'kksHkk c<+kus okyk dYio`{k ¼ikfjtkr½ izdV gqvkA og ;kpdkvksa dh bPNk,¡] mudh bfPNr oLrq nsdj oSls gh iw.kZ djrk jgrk gS] tSls i`Foh ij rqe lcdh bPNk,¡ iw.kZ djrs gksA ikfjtkr fgUnqvksa }kjk nsoyksd ds ik¡p dYio`{kksa esa ekuk tkrk gSA

Hkxoku d`".k bl fnO; o`{k dks bUnzyksd ls /kjrh ij yk,A os bldh 'kk[kk pqjkdj yk,A bl lanHkZ esa Hkkxor iqjk.k esa ,d izkphu fp= Jh d`".k dks bldh 'kk[kk fy;s n'kkZ;k x;k gSA d`".k dh nksuks ifRu;ksa] lR;Hkkek o #d~e.kh bls vius&vius egy ds vkaxu esa mxkuk pkgrh FkhaA vr% Hkxoku d`".k us nksuksa dks izl™k djus gsrq] ikfjtkr dks lR;Hkkek ds vkaxu esa bl izdkj yxk;k fd tc ;g iq"ikfUor gks] blds iq"i #d~e.kh ds vkaxu esa fxjsaA

Jh e˜kxor iqjk.k esa #d~e.kh ds egy dk o.kZu bl izdkj gS%

ikfjtkr oukeksn ok;quks|ku 'kkfyukA

/kkfedZ ] lkfgfR;d o vk"S k/kh; o{̀k

gkjflaxkj

lUrks"k vxzoky

5- vdk"B ou laxzgky;%

vdk"B ou laxzgky; esa fofHkUu dPph fuEu ou mitksa vkSj muds vU;&mRiknksa dh ckuxh Hkh iznf'kZr dh xbZ gSaA izn'kZuh esa phM+] o`{kksa ls jsftu fu"d"kZ.k dh ikjEifjd rduhd vkSj ubZ fodflr ^fjy^ fof/k ijEijkxr fof/k ls T;knk vPNh gS D;ksafd blls ,d rks phM+ o`{kksa dks de {kfr igqaprh gS vkSj blds vfrfjDr] jky dh izkfIr c<+ tkrh gSA m|ksxksa gsrq egRoiw.kZ dPps eky] rkjihu rsy vkSj xa/k jky

3- ou lao/kZu laxzgky;%

ou lao/kZu laxzgky; esa ouksa ds oSKkfud izca/k n'kkZus okys vusd ekWMy vFkok izfrn'kZ ,oa Nk;kfp= lekfo"V gSaA bl laxzgky; esa ,sls izfrn'kZ Hkh gSa tks vuqi;qDr izca/k i)fr;ksa ds nq"ifj.kke] vkx vkSj vU; ckW;ksfVd dkj.kksa ls gksus okyh {kfr ,oa fofHkUu izdkj dh ou lao/kZu iz.kkfy;ksa ds vUrxZr ouksa ds oSKkfud izca/k dh mfpr i)fr;ka n`';eku djus esa lgk;d gSaA ;g laxzgky; okfudh ds

6- ou dhV foKku laxzgky;%

ou dhV foKku laxzgky; dh LFkkiuk orZeku 'krkCnh ds vkjaHk esa gqbZ FkhA tSls&tSls ou dhV foKku {ks= dk Kku foLrkj gqvk oSls&oSls bl laxzgky; dk rhoz xfr ls fodkl gksrk x;kA bl laxzgky; esa ukfHk&dhVksa dh fofHkUu voLFkkvksa ds rFkk ukfHkdhVksa ls chtksa] chtkadqjksa] o`{kksa] ikfrr izdk"Bksa] ckalksa vkSj rS;kj mRiknksa dks gksus okyh {kfr n'kkZus okys yxHkx 3]000 izn'kZ gSaA izn'kksZa dks ikni oa'kksa ds vuqlkj o.kkZuqØe esa j[kk x;k gSa ;g laxzgky; lky lkj&dk"B fNnzd] ikWiyj fu"i=d] ccwy ds rus ,oa ewy dk Hk{k.k djus okys fNnzd tSls izeq[k ukfHkdhV] mudk tho&foKku] thouo`Ùk rFkk {kfr ds izdkjksa ls vkxarqdksa dks voxr gksus dk volj miyC/k djkrk gSA

izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa gsrq fo'ks"k :i ls egRoiw.kZ gS blds vfrfjDr ;gka lk/kkj.k turk fo'ks"kr% fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks Hkh fofHkUu :iksa esa okfudh ls lEcfU/kr vf/kdkf/kd Kku izkIr gksrk gSA

4- izdk"B laxzgky;%

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku ds izdk"B laxzgky; esa izdk"B mi;ksx vkSj bldh vFkZO;oLFkk ds {ks= esa vuqla/kku] dk"B la'kks"k.k izdk"B vkSj blds mi;ksxksa dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA izdk"B laxzgky; ns'kt Hkkjrh; rFkk vuqi;ksxh dk"B ds mi;ksx ls rS;kj nLrdkjh] vkStkj gRFks] oL=] midj.k] QuhZpj] lkt&lTtk gsrq mi;ksxh ydM+h ds Q'kZ tSls izn'kksZ ls ;qDr gSaA bl laxzgky; dh nhokjksa ds lkFk&lkFk iznf'kZr 126 O;kolkf;d :i ls egRoiw.kZ fdLeksa ds ikWfy'nkj ,oa xSj&ikWfy'knkj iSuy vkxUrqdksa dks bu dk"Bksa dh igpku ij ,d vuqeku miyC/k djkrs gSa] ftlls budh izkjfEHkd igpku dh tk ldrh gSA ;Fkkfi vkd"kZ.k dk dsUnz 704 o"kZ iqjkuk nsonkj ¼lhMªl nsonkj½ o`{k dk ,d vuqizLFk [kaM gS] ftls mÙkjizns'k dh igkfM+;ksa ls 1919 esa dkVk x;k FkkA okf"kZd oy;ksa dks i<+dj izkd`frd vkSj ty;ko;h ?kVukvksa dks Li"V :i ls Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

ds uewus Hkh bl laxzgky; esa lekfo"V fd;s x;s gSaA gekjs Hkkjr ns'k esa mRikfnr dh tkus okyh fofHkUu ckalksa dh iztkfr;ka ,oa ckal ls rS;kj fd;s tkus okys vusdkusd mRikn Hkh bl laxzgky; esa iznf'kZr izn'kksZa esa ls egRoiw.kZ gSA laxzgky; esa vkSj Hkh dbZ izdkj dh xkSa.k ou mitksa tSl&dRFkk vkSj dp] yk[k vkSj yk[k ls fufeZr inkFkZ] lqjfHkr rsy] [kk| inkFkZ] olh; rsy] elkys] tM+h&cwfV;ka] fofHkUu isM+&ikS/kksa ls izkIr peZ 'kks/kd] xksan vkfn ds uewus j[ks x;s gSaA

mRiknksa ij o`{k o`f) dk izHkko n'kkZus okys izfrn'kZ ,oa Nk;kfp=ksa dks ;g laxzgky; lekfgr fd;s gq, gSA izn'kksZa dk Li"V y{; turk dks ;g Kku miyC/k djkuk gS fd fdl izdkj lM+dksa] ugjksa rFkk jsyos ykbu ds fdukjs] miyC/k Hkwfe;ksa rFkk cka/kksa ,oa vU; izdkj dh tehu] ftls orZeku esa fdlh Hkh izdkj ls iz;ksx esa ugha yk;k tk jgk gks] mu ij o`{kkjksi.k fd;s tkus ds ek/;e ls bu leLr izkd`frd vkinkvksa ls eqDr gqvk tk ldrk gSA jksi.k ds ikS/ks mxkus dh ulZjh rduhdksa] jksi.k dh fofo/k rduhdksa ,oa ikni laj{k.k laca/kh fofHkUu i)fr;ksa dks ;gka izn'kZuh vkSj vusdkusd izfrn'kksZa ds ek/;e ls n'kkZ;k x;k gS] ftlds ek/;e ls ou vuqla/kku esa Hkze.k djus okys leLr vkxUrqdksa dks ouksa ls laca/kh tkx:drk izkIr gksrh gSA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

16

Hkwjk lEiqV gksrk gSA ;g ifjiDo gksus ij ,d&,d cht okys nks Hkkxksa esa QV tkrk gSA ifÙk;k¡ Qjojh&ekpZ esa fxj tkrh gSa vkSj twu&tqykbZ esa ubZ ifÙk;ksa fudy vkrh gSaA iq"iu dky eq[; #i ls vxLr&vDVwcj gS ijUrq dbZ o`{k lfnZ;ksa Hkj iqf"ir gksrs jgrs gSaA Qy vizSy&ebZ esa idrs gSaA

mi;ksx % vk;qosZn xzUFkksa esa gkjflaxkj ds vusd vkS"k/kh xq.k of.kZr gSaA pØnr o lqJr us fuEu xq.k fy[ksa gS %&

1- pynUr fLFkjdja dk¸;Za odqypoZ.ke~A ¼pØnÙk½

2- nUr pkysrq x.Mw"kksodqyRod~ d`rksfgr %A ¼pØnÙk½

3- fHkYyksnd d"kk;su rFkSokeydL; ok i{kky;sr~ eq[ka us=s LoLFk 'khrksndsu okAfuyhdka eq[k'kks"kUp ihM+dka O;axesopAjä fiÙk d`rku~ jksxku~ e+| ,o fouk'k;sr~AA ¼lqJqr½

4- 'kSf'kjs ârjDrsp yks/kzeqLrj lkUtuS%Al{kkSnzs % 'kL;rs ysiks x.Mq"ks {khfj.kksfgrk %AA ¼pØnÙk½

gkjflaxkj dh ifÙk;ksa dk dk<+k vk;qosZn esa fl;kfVdk] vkFkZjkbfVl( Toj] fofHk™k izdkj ds nnZ o vuqykseu nzO; (laxative) ds #i esa o`gr izdkj iz;ksx gksrk gSA gky gh esa ifÙk;ksa ds vYdksgy&fu"d"kZ dk dqN dsUnzh; efLr"d ra=] izfrfgLVkfeuh o Hksnu vkS"k/kh (purgative) ds #i esa izHkko ij[kk x;kA fu"d"kZ us lk/kkj.k raf=dk volkn iSnk fd;k rFkk isUVkckchZVksu 'k;u dky c<+k;kA blhfy;s vk;qosZn fpfdRldksa }kjk bldk iz;ksx iz'kkUrd (tranquilizer) ds #i fd;k tkrk gSA vk;qosZn ds vuqlkj ifÙk;ksa dk jl dlSyk o eysfj;k o lfojke Toj

(Intermittent fever) eas mi;ksxh gSA ;g dQ fu%lkjd gSA ;g lnhZ&tqdke esa ykHkdkjh rFkk fiÙk lzko o/kZd gSA 'kôj ds lkFk ;g cPpksa ds isV jksxksa esa ykHkizn gSA iÙkksa dk vYdksgy&fu"d"kZ oSKkfud #i ls dbZa izdkj dh lwtu o vkFkZjkbfVl esa ykHkdkjh ik;k x;k

gSA ifÙk;k¡ izfrthokf.od (antibacterial) Hkh gSaA ik.Mqjksx

(jaundice) esa ifÙk;ksa dk ,d pEep jl 'kôj o ,d fxykl ikuh ds lkFk ,d lIrkg rd izfrfnu nks ckj iz;ksx djuk ykHkizn gSA

gkjflaxkj dh Nky [kk¡lh nwj djrh gSaA Nky] tM+ o iq"i cgqew= o frYyh ds c<+us esa mi;ksxh gSaA Nky dk iz;ksx lkai ds dkVus esa Hkh gksrk gS gkykfd liZfo"k ij bldk izHkko fl) ugha gqvk gSaA Nky esa nks ,YdksykW;M ik;s tkrs gSa ftuesa ty foy;h Hkkx xzkluyh dh i{kekHk xfr dks mÙksftr djrk gSA vklke izns'k esa blds iq"i vkS"k/kh iz;ksx ds fy;s fcdrs gSaA ogk¡ budk lwi izkr% LokLF; o/kZd ds #i esa fi;k tkrk gSA dksad.k esa Nky ds ik¡p nkus iku lqikjh ds lkFk cyxe fuokj.k ds fy;s iz;ksx gksrs gSaA

NÙkhlx<+ ds vkfnokfl;ksa ij ekuotkfr ouLifrKksa us vusd 'kks/k fd;s gSA ;s yksx gkjflaxkj ds chtksa ds rkts tyh; ysi dk iz;ksx coklhj esa djrs gSaA chtksa dk vkUrfjd iz;ksx Hkh djrs gSaA xkmV esa Qwyksa dk dk<+k ,d lIrkg rd iz;ksx djrs gSA ifÙk;ksa dk jl 'kq"d [kk¡lh esa 'kgn ds lkFk iz;ksx gksrk gSA ifÙk;ksa dk tyh; ysi fjax oxZ bR;kfn peZ jksxksa esa iz;qä gksrk gSA cLrj ds vkfnoklh rkth ifÙk;k¡ ljlksa ds rsy esa mcky dj peZ jksx esa iz;ksx djrs gSA NÙkhlx<+ ds eSnkuh yksx mnj d`fe jksx esa ifÙk;ksa dk jl ued ds lkFk iz;ksx djrs gSaA ubZ ifÙk;ksa fL=;ks ds fy;s Vkfud ds #i ykHkdkjh

ekuh tkrh gaSA L=h jksxksa esa rhu ifÙk;k¡] 5 nkus dkyh fepZ ds lkFk iz;ksx djrs gSaA ckxcgsM+k {ks= ds yksx ikfjtkr ds chtksa dk dk<k ckyks ds VkWfud ds :i es iz;ksx djrs gSaA izfrfnu iz;ksx ls ckyksa dh #lh nwj gksrh gSA nqxZ{ks= esa ifÙk;ksa ds jl dk iz;ksx cPpksa ds fy;s lqjf{kr Hksnu vkS"k/kh ds #i esa fd;k tkrk gSa rkts Qwyksa dks lqxU/k gsrq ugkus ds ikuh es Mkyrs gSaA Qwyksa dks rkykc vkfn es ty 'kq)hdj.k ds fy;s Mkyk tkrk gSa peZ jksx o dCt esa ikfjtkr ds cht iz;ksx gksrs gSaA ikfjtkr dk iz;ksx ^Qsl iSDl* esa Hkh gksrk gS D;ksafd ;g psgjs dks ped iznku djrk gSA Qwyks dh lqxU/kh b= o vxjcÙkh cukus esa iz;ksx gksrh gSA ifÙk;k¡ [kqjnjh gksus ds dkj.k i'kq bls ugha [kkrsA dqN {ks=ksa esa budk iz;ksx jsxekj (sahd paper) ds #i esa gksrk gSA Qwyksa ls pesyh dh Hkk¡fr lqxfU/kr rsy cuk;k tkrk gSA

nyiqat ufydk ls fuDVSafFku uked jaxhu inkFkZ fudyrk gS tks dslj esa mifLFkr vYQk&ØkslsfVu dh Hkk¡fr gh gSA chtksa ls ,d vok"i'khy rsy izkIr gksrk gSA Nky peM+k dekus esa iz;ksx gksrh gSA

dks"kk/;{kHkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k]

mÙkjk[k.M izHkkxls0 fu0 foHkkxk/;{k]

ouLifr foKkuMh0 ch,l0 ¼ih0th0½ dkyst] nsgjknwu

mÙkj izns'k ds ckjkcadh ftys esa] y[kuÅ ls yxHkx 50 fd0eh0 nwj fdUVwj uked LFkku ij ^ikfjtkr* uke ls izfl) ,d fo'kky o`{k gS ftls dYi o`{k ekuk x;k gSA bl LFkku dk uke ik.Moksa dh iRuh dqUrh ds uke ij iM+kA ,slh fdaonUrh gS fd vtqZu bls LoxZ ls yk, Fks rFkk dqUrh blds iq"i izfrfnu f'ko dks p<+krh FkhaA lw;Z nsork izfrfnu blds iq"i LoxZ ls ykrs FksA ,d fnu cknyksa ds dkj.k os /kjrh ij ugha vk, rks dqUrh fpafrr gqbZaA rc vtqZu bls bUnz ds m|ku ls /kjrh ij yk, rFkk vkt ds dqUVs'oj f'ko efUnj ds LFkku ij yxk fn;kA fdUVwj esa izR;sd eaxyokj dks esyk yxrk gS rFkk LFkkuh; yksx bl o`{k dh iwtk djrs gSaA xaxk&n'kgjk ds volj ij fo'kky esyk yxrk gSA ;g fgUnqvksa dk vkLFkk ds dsUnz gSA ijUrq ;g o`{k mijksä xzUFkksa esa of.kZr gkjflaxkj ugha] vfirq ,d vU; dYio`{k gSA dsoy ^ikfjtkr* uke dh lekurk ds dkj.k HkzkfUr;k¡ gSaA ouLifrK bls ,MsUlksfu;k fMftVkVk (Adansonia digitata) rFkk vaxzsth esa ckvksckc dgrs gaSA jktLFkku bR;kfn vU; {ks=ks esa Hkh bls dYio`{k dh laKk nh xbZ gSA ;g lsey ds dqy ckWEcsdslh dk lnL; gSA bldh ifÙk;k¡ lsey o lri.khZ dh Hkk¡fr 5&7 i.khZ] la;qä iÙkh gksrh gSaA iq"i 15&18 ls0eh0 O;kl okys] fo'kky] 'osr rFkk o`Urksa ds fljksa ij yVds gksrs gS ftudk ijkx.k i{kh djrs gSaA iqadslj la;qä #i ls ,d xksyd cukrs gSaA ruk cksry ds vkdkj dk gksrk gSA fdUVwj dk dYio`{k 1000&5000 o"kZ iqjkuk ekuk tkrk gSA Å¡pkbZ 45 QhV rFkk rus dh ifjf/k yxHkx 50 QhV gSA iqjkuk o fo'kkydk; gksus ds dkj.k blesa fofHk™k vkd`fr;k¡ fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA ,MsUlksfu;k fMftVkVk o`{k vÝhdk dk ewy oklh gS rFkk izkphu dky ls Hkkjr esa cks;k x;k gSA

egkHkkjr esa ikfjtkr dk o.kZu vusd LFkkuksa ij gS] tSls&^/k`rjk"Vª iw.kZ #i ls iqf"ir] dVs gq, ikfjtkr o`{k dh Hkk¡fr fxj iM+s*A bUnz izLFk esa ;g mxk;k x;k gS rFkk xU/keknu ou esa Hkh ;g Qyrk Qwyrk gSA dkfynkl }kjk of.kZr vusd iq"ih; o`{kksa esa 'kSQkfydk ds uke ls bldk o.kZu gSA dqfjfUtiV~Vw esa blds Qwyksa dk o.kZu ^ewaxs ds jax dh ufydk* okys Qwy ds #i esa gSA blds Qwy x.kifr] lR;ukjk;.k] Lo.kZxkSjh bR;kfn dks muds ozr esa p<+k, tkrs gSaA vfr lqxfU/kr Qwyksa dh ekyk,¡ e™kr ds fy;s eafnjksa esa p<+kbZ tkrh gSA uofookfgr fL=;ksa eaxykxkSjh dh iwtk esa blds iq"i iz;ksx djrh gSaA lIreh jkf= ds nsoh jkt'kkeyk iwtu esa Hkh budk iz;ksx gksrk gSA

gkjflaxkj ds Qwyksa us caxky dh /kjrh ds dfo;ksa dks Hkh izsfjr fd;k gSA ukscsy iq#Ld`r dfo johUnzukFk VSxksj dh izfl) dfork] ^isij cksV~l* esa ^';wyh* dk o.kZu gS%

Day by day I float my paper boats

One by one down the running stream

In big black letters I write my name on

/kwiSj xq#tS jktu tkyjU/kz fofuxZrSAA ¼Hkkxor iqjk.k 10%60%5½

vFkkZr~ m|ku esa ikfjtkr ds miou dh lqxU/k ysdj eUn&eUn 'khry ok;q py jgh FkhA >jksa[kksa dh tkfy;ksa ls vxj dh /kwi dk /kqvk¡ ckgj fudy jgk FkkA

,d vU; xkFkk ds vuqlkj tc d`".k

ujdklqj dk o/k dj lR;Hkkek ds lkFk vfnfr dks pqjk;s gq, dq.My okfil djus LoxZ x;s rc ekrk vfnfr izlUu gqbZ rFkk bUnz us ikfjtkr o`{k lR;Hkkek dks HksaV fd;k FkkA

gfjoa'k iqjk.k esa ikfjtkr dks dYi o`{k Hkh dgk x;k gS%

ikfjtkra egh i`"Bs n`"VkLi'khZ; ekuq"kk%tu% LoxZa R;tfUr o`"Vik LoxZ&Qye~ fgrsAegkequs izfrKkre~ iq.;kFkZ lR;Hkke;kLoxkZ fogk; i'pkfu ikfjtkre~ furizHkksAA

them

And the name of the village where I

live.

I hope that someone in some strange

land

Will find them and know who I am.

I load my little boats with Shiuli flowers

from our garden

And hope that these blooms of the

dawn

Will be carried safely to land in the

night.

trhUnzeksgu VSxksj dh dfork] ^,u bafM;u jhFk* esa ikfjtkr o lSQkfydk ds uke ls blds Qwyksa o vU; lqxaf/kr Qwyksa dk lekos'k gS %

Bring Champa from the bower,

Fresh blown and of a golden dye; in

weave

Gay Aparajita of the richest blue,

........................................................

That blooms in loveliness serene,

And with it twine ambrosial Janti Fair

Whose fragrance well may vie with

Parijat

of Indra's bower. Forget not Nageshur

........................................................

And Gundharaj that sends its frank

incense

Afar; then gather sweet Saphalika,

That blooms and falls at eventide, nor

waits

It e'er the Day, God's ardent looks to

meet,

Like maids who coyly shun each

wanton gaze;

........................................................

ouLifrd fooj.k % gkjflaxkj ,d {kqi vFkok NksVk] i.kZikrh] [kqjnjk o`{k gSA 'kk[kk,¡ yVdh gqbZ] prq"dks.kh; o [kqjnjh gksrh gSA ifÙk;k¡ lk/kkj.k] lEeq[k ;qxy esa] 5&11 ls-eh- yEch o 2-5&6-5 lsa-eh- pkSMh] v.Mkdkj] Åijh lrg [kqjnjh] fupyh lrg dqN ihyh o jksfey( dksj nwj&nwj nk¡rs nkj vFkok lk/kkj.k rFkk 'kh"kZ uqdhyk gksrk gSA i.kZo`Ur 6 fe0eh0 yEcs gksrs gSaA iq"i 3&5 ds xqPNksa esa yxrs gSa rFkk cgqr lqxaf/kr gksrs gSaA iq"i esa nyiqat 5&8] 'osr] nhoVkdkj rFkk ufydk ukjaxh o yXkHkx ,d ls0eh0 yEch gksrh gSA okg~; nyiqat 6&8 fe0eh0] nyiqat fpduk] 13&15 fe0eh0 yEck gksrk gSA Qy ,d xksy] piVk] 15&20 lsa0eh0 pkSM+k] izkjEHk esa pedhyk gjk] rRi'pkr

17

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

16

Hkwjk lEiqV gksrk gSA ;g ifjiDo gksus ij ,d&,d cht okys nks Hkkxksa esa QV tkrk gSA ifÙk;k¡ Qjojh&ekpZ esa fxj tkrh gSa vkSj twu&tqykbZ esa ubZ ifÙk;ksa fudy vkrh gSaA iq"iu dky eq[; #i ls vxLr&vDVwcj gS ijUrq dbZ o`{k lfnZ;ksa Hkj iqf"ir gksrs jgrs gSaA Qy vizSy&ebZ esa idrs gSaA

mi;ksx % vk;qosZn xzUFkksa esa gkjflaxkj ds vusd vkS"k/kh xq.k of.kZr gSaA pØnr o lqJr us fuEu xq.k fy[ksa gS %&

1- pynUr fLFkjdja dk¸;Za odqypoZ.ke~A ¼pØnÙk½

2- nUr pkysrq x.Mw"kksodqyRod~ d`rksfgr %A ¼pØnÙk½

3- fHkYyksnd d"kk;su rFkSokeydL; ok i{kky;sr~ eq[ka us=s LoLFk 'khrksndsu okAfuyhdka eq[k'kks"kUp ihM+dka O;axesopAjä fiÙk d`rku~ jksxku~ e+| ,o fouk'k;sr~AA ¼lqJqr½

4- 'kSf'kjs ârjDrsp yks/kzeqLrj lkUtuS%Al{kkSnzs % 'kL;rs ysiks x.Mq"ks {khfj.kksfgrk %AA ¼pØnÙk½

gkjflaxkj dh ifÙk;ksa dk dk<+k vk;qosZn esa fl;kfVdk] vkFkZjkbfVl( Toj] fofHk™k izdkj ds nnZ o vuqykseu nzO; (laxative) ds #i esa o`gr izdkj iz;ksx gksrk gSA gky gh esa ifÙk;ksa ds vYdksgy&fu"d"kZ dk dqN dsUnzh; efLr"d ra=] izfrfgLVkfeuh o Hksnu vkS"k/kh (purgative) ds #i esa izHkko ij[kk x;kA fu"d"kZ us lk/kkj.k raf=dk volkn iSnk fd;k rFkk isUVkckchZVksu 'k;u dky c<+k;kA blhfy;s vk;qosZn fpfdRldksa }kjk bldk iz;ksx iz'kkUrd (tranquilizer) ds #i fd;k tkrk gSA vk;qosZn ds vuqlkj ifÙk;ksa dk jl dlSyk o eysfj;k o lfojke Toj

(Intermittent fever) eas mi;ksxh gSA ;g dQ fu%lkjd gSA ;g lnhZ&tqdke esa ykHkdkjh rFkk fiÙk lzko o/kZd gSA 'kôj ds lkFk ;g cPpksa ds isV jksxksa esa ykHkizn gSA iÙkksa dk vYdksgy&fu"d"kZ oSKkfud #i ls dbZa izdkj dh lwtu o vkFkZjkbfVl esa ykHkdkjh ik;k x;k

gSA ifÙk;k¡ izfrthokf.od (antibacterial) Hkh gSaA ik.Mqjksx

(jaundice) esa ifÙk;ksa dk ,d pEep jl 'kôj o ,d fxykl ikuh ds lkFk ,d lIrkg rd izfrfnu nks ckj iz;ksx djuk ykHkizn gSA

gkjflaxkj dh Nky [kk¡lh nwj djrh gSaA Nky] tM+ o iq"i cgqew= o frYyh ds c<+us esa mi;ksxh gSaA Nky dk iz;ksx lkai ds dkVus esa Hkh gksrk gS gkykfd liZfo"k ij bldk izHkko fl) ugha gqvk gSaA Nky esa nks ,YdksykW;M ik;s tkrs gSa ftuesa ty foy;h Hkkx xzkluyh dh i{kekHk xfr dks mÙksftr djrk gSA vklke izns'k esa blds iq"i vkS"k/kh iz;ksx ds fy;s fcdrs gSaA ogk¡ budk lwi izkr% LokLF; o/kZd ds #i esa fi;k tkrk gSA dksad.k esa Nky ds ik¡p nkus iku lqikjh ds lkFk cyxe fuokj.k ds fy;s iz;ksx gksrs gSaA

NÙkhlx<+ ds vkfnokfl;ksa ij ekuotkfr ouLifrKksa us vusd 'kks/k fd;s gSA ;s yksx gkjflaxkj ds chtksa ds rkts tyh; ysi dk iz;ksx coklhj esa djrs gSaA chtksa dk vkUrfjd iz;ksx Hkh djrs gSaA xkmV esa Qwyksa dk dk<+k ,d lIrkg rd iz;ksx djrs gSA ifÙk;ksa dk jl 'kq"d [kk¡lh esa 'kgn ds lkFk iz;ksx gksrk gSA ifÙk;ksa dk tyh; ysi fjax oxZ bR;kfn peZ jksxksa esa iz;qä gksrk gSA cLrj ds vkfnoklh rkth ifÙk;k¡ ljlksa ds rsy esa mcky dj peZ jksx esa iz;ksx djrs gSA NÙkhlx<+ ds eSnkuh yksx mnj d`fe jksx esa ifÙk;ksa dk jl ued ds lkFk iz;ksx djrs gSaA ubZ ifÙk;ksa fL=;ks ds fy;s Vkfud ds #i ykHkdkjh

ekuh tkrh gaSA L=h jksxksa esa rhu ifÙk;k¡] 5 nkus dkyh fepZ ds lkFk iz;ksx djrs gSaA ckxcgsM+k {ks= ds yksx ikfjtkr ds chtksa dk dk<k ckyks ds VkWfud ds :i es iz;ksx djrs gSaA izfrfnu iz;ksx ls ckyksa dh #lh nwj gksrh gSA nqxZ{ks= esa ifÙk;ksa ds jl dk iz;ksx cPpksa ds fy;s lqjf{kr Hksnu vkS"k/kh ds #i esa fd;k tkrk gSa rkts Qwyksa dks lqxU/k gsrq ugkus ds ikuh es Mkyrs gSaA Qwyksa dks rkykc vkfn es ty 'kq)hdj.k ds fy;s Mkyk tkrk gSa peZ jksx o dCt esa ikfjtkr ds cht iz;ksx gksrs gSaA ikfjtkr dk iz;ksx ^Qsl iSDl* esa Hkh gksrk gS D;ksafd ;g psgjs dks ped iznku djrk gSA Qwyks dh lqxU/kh b= o vxjcÙkh cukus esa iz;ksx gksrh gSA ifÙk;k¡ [kqjnjh gksus ds dkj.k i'kq bls ugha [kkrsA dqN {ks=ksa esa budk iz;ksx jsxekj (sahd paper) ds #i esa gksrk gSA Qwyksa ls pesyh dh Hkk¡fr lqxfU/kr rsy cuk;k tkrk gSA

nyiqat ufydk ls fuDVSafFku uked jaxhu inkFkZ fudyrk gS tks dslj esa mifLFkr vYQk&ØkslsfVu dh Hkk¡fr gh gSA chtksa ls ,d vok"i'khy rsy izkIr gksrk gSA Nky peM+k dekus esa iz;ksx gksrh gSA

dks"kk/;{kHkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k]

mÙkjk[k.M izHkkxls0 fu0 foHkkxk/;{k]

ouLifr foKkuMh0 ch,l0 ¼ih0th0½ dkyst] nsgjknwu

mÙkj izns'k ds ckjkcadh ftys esa] y[kuÅ ls yxHkx 50 fd0eh0 nwj fdUVwj uked LFkku ij ^ikfjtkr* uke ls izfl) ,d fo'kky o`{k gS ftls dYi o`{k ekuk x;k gSA bl LFkku dk uke ik.Moksa dh iRuh dqUrh ds uke ij iM+kA ,slh fdaonUrh gS fd vtqZu bls LoxZ ls yk, Fks rFkk dqUrh blds iq"i izfrfnu f'ko dks p<+krh FkhaA lw;Z nsork izfrfnu blds iq"i LoxZ ls ykrs FksA ,d fnu cknyksa ds dkj.k os /kjrh ij ugha vk, rks dqUrh fpafrr gqbZaA rc vtqZu bls bUnz ds m|ku ls /kjrh ij yk, rFkk vkt ds dqUVs'oj f'ko efUnj ds LFkku ij yxk fn;kA fdUVwj esa izR;sd eaxyokj dks esyk yxrk gS rFkk LFkkuh; yksx bl o`{k dh iwtk djrs gSaA xaxk&n'kgjk ds volj ij fo'kky esyk yxrk gSA ;g fgUnqvksa dk vkLFkk ds dsUnz gSA ijUrq ;g o`{k mijksä xzUFkksa esa of.kZr gkjflaxkj ugha] vfirq ,d vU; dYio`{k gSA dsoy ^ikfjtkr* uke dh lekurk ds dkj.k HkzkfUr;k¡ gSaA ouLifrK bls ,MsUlksfu;k fMftVkVk (Adansonia digitata) rFkk vaxzsth esa ckvksckc dgrs gaSA jktLFkku bR;kfn vU; {ks=ks esa Hkh bls dYio`{k dh laKk nh xbZ gSA ;g lsey ds dqy ckWEcsdslh dk lnL; gSA bldh ifÙk;k¡ lsey o lri.khZ dh Hkk¡fr 5&7 i.khZ] la;qä iÙkh gksrh gSaA iq"i 15&18 ls0eh0 O;kl okys] fo'kky] 'osr rFkk o`Urksa ds fljksa ij yVds gksrs gS ftudk ijkx.k i{kh djrs gSaA iqadslj la;qä #i ls ,d xksyd cukrs gSaA ruk cksry ds vkdkj dk gksrk gSA fdUVwj dk dYio`{k 1000&5000 o"kZ iqjkuk ekuk tkrk gSA Å¡pkbZ 45 QhV rFkk rus dh ifjf/k yxHkx 50 QhV gSA iqjkuk o fo'kkydk; gksus ds dkj.k blesa fofHk™k vkd`fr;k¡ fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA ,MsUlksfu;k fMftVkVk o`{k vÝhdk dk ewy oklh gS rFkk izkphu dky ls Hkkjr esa cks;k x;k gSA

egkHkkjr esa ikfjtkr dk o.kZu vusd LFkkuksa ij gS] tSls&^/k`rjk"Vª iw.kZ #i ls iqf"ir] dVs gq, ikfjtkr o`{k dh Hkk¡fr fxj iM+s*A bUnz izLFk esa ;g mxk;k x;k gS rFkk xU/keknu ou esa Hkh ;g Qyrk Qwyrk gSA dkfynkl }kjk of.kZr vusd iq"ih; o`{kksa esa 'kSQkfydk ds uke ls bldk o.kZu gSA dqfjfUtiV~Vw esa blds Qwyksa dk o.kZu ^ewaxs ds jax dh ufydk* okys Qwy ds #i esa gSA blds Qwy x.kifr] lR;ukjk;.k] Lo.kZxkSjh bR;kfn dks muds ozr esa p<+k, tkrs gSaA vfr lqxfU/kr Qwyksa dh ekyk,¡ e™kr ds fy;s eafnjksa esa p<+kbZ tkrh gSA uofookfgr fL=;ksa eaxykxkSjh dh iwtk esa blds iq"i iz;ksx djrh gSaA lIreh jkf= ds nsoh jkt'kkeyk iwtu esa Hkh budk iz;ksx gksrk gSA

gkjflaxkj ds Qwyksa us caxky dh /kjrh ds dfo;ksa dks Hkh izsfjr fd;k gSA ukscsy iq#Ld`r dfo johUnzukFk VSxksj dh izfl) dfork] ^isij cksV~l* esa ^';wyh* dk o.kZu gS%

Day by day I float my paper boats

One by one down the running stream

In big black letters I write my name on

/kwiSj xq#tS jktu tkyjU/kz fofuxZrSAA ¼Hkkxor iqjk.k 10%60%5½

vFkkZr~ m|ku esa ikfjtkr ds miou dh lqxU/k ysdj eUn&eUn 'khry ok;q py jgh FkhA >jksa[kksa dh tkfy;ksa ls vxj dh /kwi dk /kqvk¡ ckgj fudy jgk FkkA

,d vU; xkFkk ds vuqlkj tc d`".k

ujdklqj dk o/k dj lR;Hkkek ds lkFk vfnfr dks pqjk;s gq, dq.My okfil djus LoxZ x;s rc ekrk vfnfr izlUu gqbZ rFkk bUnz us ikfjtkr o`{k lR;Hkkek dks HksaV fd;k FkkA

gfjoa'k iqjk.k esa ikfjtkr dks dYi o`{k Hkh dgk x;k gS%

ikfjtkra egh i`"Bs n`"VkLi'khZ; ekuq"kk%tu% LoxZa R;tfUr o`"Vik LoxZ&Qye~ fgrsAegkequs izfrKkre~ iq.;kFkZ lR;Hkke;kLoxkZ fogk; i'pkfu ikfjtkre~ furizHkksAA

them

And the name of the village where I

live.

I hope that someone in some strange

land

Will find them and know who I am.

I load my little boats with Shiuli flowers

from our garden

And hope that these blooms of the

dawn

Will be carried safely to land in the

night.

trhUnzeksgu VSxksj dh dfork] ^,u bafM;u jhFk* esa ikfjtkr o lSQkfydk ds uke ls blds Qwyksa o vU; lqxaf/kr Qwyksa dk lekos'k gS %

Bring Champa from the bower,

Fresh blown and of a golden dye; in

weave

Gay Aparajita of the richest blue,

........................................................

That blooms in loveliness serene,

And with it twine ambrosial Janti Fair

Whose fragrance well may vie with

Parijat

of Indra's bower. Forget not Nageshur

........................................................

And Gundharaj that sends its frank

incense

Afar; then gather sweet Saphalika,

That blooms and falls at eventide, nor

waits

It e'er the Day, God's ardent looks to

meet,

Like maids who coyly shun each

wanton gaze;

........................................................

ouLifrd fooj.k % gkjflaxkj ,d {kqi vFkok NksVk] i.kZikrh] [kqjnjk o`{k gSA 'kk[kk,¡ yVdh gqbZ] prq"dks.kh; o [kqjnjh gksrh gSA ifÙk;k¡ lk/kkj.k] lEeq[k ;qxy esa] 5&11 ls-eh- yEch o 2-5&6-5 lsa-eh- pkSMh] v.Mkdkj] Åijh lrg [kqjnjh] fupyh lrg dqN ihyh o jksfey( dksj nwj&nwj nk¡rs nkj vFkok lk/kkj.k rFkk 'kh"kZ uqdhyk gksrk gSA i.kZo`Ur 6 fe0eh0 yEcs gksrs gSaA iq"i 3&5 ds xqPNksa esa yxrs gSa rFkk cgqr lqxaf/kr gksrs gSaA iq"i esa nyiqat 5&8] 'osr] nhoVkdkj rFkk ufydk ukjaxh o yXkHkx ,d ls0eh0 yEch gksrh gSA okg~; nyiqat 6&8 fe0eh0] nyiqat fpduk] 13&15 fe0eh0 yEck gksrk gSA Qy ,d xksy] piVk] 15&20 lsa0eh0 pkSM+k] izkjEHk esa pedhyk gjk] rRi'pkr

17

19

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

18

tSls&,lhcqVkyksy] yscsVsyksy] esVªkyksy vkfnA

pkSFkk oxZ ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l dk gSA o`Dd ds Åij vUr% lzkoh xzfUFk&lqizkjhuy ¿ ,MªhuyÀ xzfUFk ls ¿ dkVsZDl Hkkx ls À dksjVh dksLVsjkW;M~l @ LVsjkW;M~l uked gkeksZu lzkfor gksrs gSaA

gkykWfd ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l ipkl ds n'kd ls gh mi;ksx esa yk;s tk jgs gSa] ijUrq iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa buds lalwpu ,oa ijh{k.k dh fof/k;ka fodflr gks tkus ds mijkar gh bUgsa o"kZ 1975 esa izfrcaf/kr nokvksa dh lwph esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA blds ckotwn Hkh ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l ds Mksi ijh{k.k rHkh izHkkoh <ax ls ykxw fd;s tk lds tc 'kjhj esa VsLVksLVsjkWu @ bihVsLVksLVsjkWu ds izkd`frd vuqikr ,oa okg~; :i ls fy, x, LVsjkW;M~l ds vuqikr dk izek.khdj.k dj fy;k x;kA ;|fi oSKkfudksa }kjk LVsjkW;M~l ds Mksfiax ijh{k.k gsrq uohure fof/k;ka fodflr dh xbZ gSa ijUrq blh ds lkFk&lkFk fjdkWEchusUV isLVkbM gkeksZUl dk fodkl gks tkus ls f[kykfM+;ksa esa gkeksZUl dk nq:i;ksx c<+ x;k gSA ekuo o`f) gkeksZu] bfjFkzksiks,fVu ,oa vU; dks izfrcaf/kr nokvksa@inkFkksZa dh lwph esa o"kZ 1989 ls lfEefyr fd;k x;kA

vUrjkZ"Vªh; vksyafid la?k }kjk Mksi ijh{k.k ds fy, vf/kd`r ;k ekU;rk izkIr iz;ksx'kkykvksa ls izkIr okf"kZd lkaf[;dh ds vuqlkj fofHkUu [ksyksa esa f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M gkeksZUl dk gh vf/kdrk ls mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l

esa VsLVkLVsjkWu ds lkFk&lkFk blds d`f=e :i ls fodflr fd, x, O;qRiUu Hkh izeq[k gSaA ijUrq fofHkUu ,FkyhVksa ls fy, x, uewuksa dh tkWp esa VsLVksLVsjkWu ds ,sls vizpfyr O;qRiUu Hkh ik, x, gSa ftuds ckjs esa cktkj esa dksbZ oS/k vkS"k/kh; tkudkjh gh miyC/k ugha FkhA laHkor% bl izdkj ds O;qRiUu fdUgha xqIr lzksrksa ls izkIr fd, tkrs gSaA bZ-ih-vks- isIVkbM gkeksZUl ¿ bjkbFkzksiks,fVu À dk lsou yky jDr dksf'kdkvksa esa o`f) ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i vf/kd ls vf/kd 'okl xzg.k djds vf/kd ls vf/kd vkWDlhtu xzg.k dj lduk laHko gks tkrk gS tks vUrrksxRok 'kkjhfjd lgu'khyrk esa o`f) djrk gSA bl gkeksZu dk lsou vf/kdka'kr % eSjkFku nkSM+ ,oa lkbfdy nkSM+ ds f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

[ksyksa ds izn'kZu esa o`f) ds fy, balqfyu dk lsou laHkor% ekalis'kh dksf'kdkvksa esa Xywdkst ds Lrj dks c<+k nsrk gS ftlls ekalisf'k;ksa esa Xykbdkstu HkaMkfjr gks tkrk gS vkSj mudh dk;Z{kerk c<+ tkrh gSA

vHkh rd fo'o dh vusd Mksfiax fu;a=.k iz;ksx'kkykvksa }kjk LVsjkW;M gkeksZu ds Mksfiax ijh{k.k gsrq lalwpu fof/k;ksa dk fodkl ,oa mudk ekudhdj.k fd;k tk pqdk gS ijUrq isIVkbM gkeksZuksa ds lalwpu gsrq ijh{k.k fof/k;ksa ds fodkl ,oa muds ekudhdj.k dk dk;Z vHkh vius 'kS'kodky esa gSA vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij Lohd`r vf/kdka'k ,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.kksa esa f[kykM+h ds ew= ds uewus ij gh fo'okl fd;k tkrk gS ijarq isIVkbM

nSfud fgUnqLrku 24 fnlEcj] 2011

Mksfiax esa lkr ,FkyhVksas ij izfrca/k

Mksfiax dk vkjksi >sy jgs ns'k ds 'kh"kZ lkr ,FkyhVksa ij ,d lky dk izfrca/k yxk fn;k x;k gSA buesa ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa nks Lo.kZ ind thrus okyha vf'ouh vdaqth Hkh gSaA yach dwn ds ,FkyhV gfjd`".ku eqjyh/kju ij nks lky dh ikcanh yxkbZ xbZ gSA

us'kyu ,aVh Mksfiax ,tsalh ¼ukMk½ ds QSlys ls buds vxys lky yanu vksyafid esa [ksyus dh mEehnsa yxHkx /oLr gks xbZaA fjys /kkfodk eunhi dkSj] flfu tksl] esjh fr;kuk FkkWel] fiz;adk iokj] tkSuk eqewZ vkSj vdqath bl lky twu vkSj tqykbZ esa izfrcaf/kr LVsjkW;M ds lsou dh nks"kh ikbZ xbZa FkhaA

,FkyhV izfrca/k ds f[kykQ 14 fnuksa ds Hkhrj ukMk dh vihysV fVªC;wuy esa vihy dj ldrs gSaA

'kjhj&fØ;k foKku ¿ fQft;ksykWth À dh Hkk"kk esa izR;sd O;fDr dh dk;Z{kerk @ ekalisf'k;ksa ds dk;Z djus dh {kerk @ 'olu] jDr izokg vkfn dh n{krk ij fuHkZj djrh gS rFkk dqN le; ckn og Fkdku vuqHko djus yxrk gSA Fkdku dh voLFkk esa ekalisf'k;ksa dk Xykbdkstu Hk.Mkj lekIr gksus yxrk gS] jDr esa Xywdkst dh ek=k ?kV tkrh gS] Xywdkst ySfDVd ,flM esa ifjofrZr gksus yxrk gS] 'kjhj esa {kerkuqlkj dk;Z djus ds mijkar Fkdku mRiUu gksus ij jDr nkc c<+ tkrk gS] 'olu xfr rst gks tkrh gS] ân;&Lianu rst gks tkrk gS] vkSj ilhuk vkus yxrk gSA izfrcaf/kr eknd@mRrstd inkFkZ vLFkk;h@vkaf'kd :i ls Fkdku ds y{k.k izdV ugha gksus nsrs rFkk Fkdku ds ekufld y{k.k Hkh izk; % lekIr gks tkrs gSaA ;s nokb;ka fdlh Hkh izdkj ls lqjf{kr ugha dgh tk ldrh rFkk 'kjhj dks vR;Ur {kfr igqapkrh gSaA

bu izfrcaf/kr nokb;ksa esa igyk oxZ mRrstd ¿ LVheqysaV À dk gSA ;s inkFkZ efLr"d dks mRrsftr djds dk;Z{kerk c<+krs gSa tSls & dksdsu] dSQhu] ,QhMªhu vkfnA

nwljk oxZ ukWjdksfVDl dk gSA ekalisf'k;ksa esa vR;f/kd f[kapko ds dkj.k efLr"d dks tks nnZ dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gS] ;s nok,a ml nnZ dh vuqHkwfr dks ugha gksus nsrha tSls dksMsu] ;sFkhghu] QkQhZu] eSFksMhu] MDlV~Vks&izksQkWDlhQhu vkfnA

rhljk oxZ chVk ,Mªhuj dk gSA ;s nok,a ân; ij fØ;k djds fpUrk dk mUewyu djrs gq, dk;Z{kerk c<+krh gSa]

1968 esa eSfDldks esa vk;ksftr vksyafid [ksyksa ls izkjaHk fd, x,A ,aVh Mksfiax izko/kkuksa ds vUrxZr f[kykfM+;ksa ds jDr ,oa ew= ds uewuksa ds vkSpd ijh{k.k

igyh ckj flMuh esa vk;ksftr vksyafid [ksyksa ls izkjEHk fd, x,A

Mksfiax

vksyafid ewoesaV ^,aVh&Mksfiax dksM* ds }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ ifjHkk"kk ds vuqlkj& Þfdlh Hkh ,slh oLrq ;k fof/k dk mi;ksx@miHkksx ftlls f[kykM+h ds LokLF; ds fy, gkfudkjd fl) gksus dh laHkkouk gks ;k og mldh izn'kZu {kerk dk c<+kus esa l{ke gks ;k lgk;d fl) gks] Mksfiax dgykrh gSA blh ds lkFk&lkFk f[kykM+h ds 'kjhj esa fdlh izfrcaf/kr inkFkZ ;k vkS"kf/k dh mifLFkfr ;k mlds }kjk fdlh izfrcaf/kr izf'k{k.k fof/k ;k O;ogkj dk mi;ksx fd;s tkus dk izek.k feyuk Hkh ^Mksfiax* dh izfØ;k ds vUrxZr ekuk tkRkk gSAß

Mksfiax dks vUrjkZ"Vªh; vksyafid ifj"kn~ ¼vkbZ-vks-lh-½ }kjk o"kZ 1967 ls izfrcaf/kr fd;k x;k vkSj ifj"kn~ }kjk ,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.k loZizFke o"kZ

Mksfiax na'k[ksyksa esa izfrcaf/kr

nokvksa dk c<r+ k i;z kxs

fnus'k ef.k

vktdy jk"Vªh; ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij gksus okys fofHkUu [ksyksa esa f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk vius izn'kZu dks csgrj cukus ds fy, fofHkUu izdkj dh vks"kf/k;ksa] jlk;uksa ,oa gkeksZUl dk lsou c<+rk tk jgk gSA izkphu xzhl ls izkIr iqjkuh dFkkvksa ,oa [kkstksa ls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd ml le; ds f[kykM+h Hkh vius izn'kZu dks csgrj cukus ds fy, viuh lgu'khyrk ,oa 'kfDr dks c<+kus ds fy, fo'ks"k izdkj ds Hkkstu ,oa vU; inkFkksZa dk lsou fd;k djrs FksA vUrjkZ"Vªh; [ksy Li/kkZvksa esa dM+s fpfdRldh; ijh{k.k ds ckotwn f[kykfM+;ksa esa ckj&ckj eknd inkFkksZa dk lsou fd;k tkuk fuf'pr :i ls fpark dk fo"k; gSA blls f[kykfM+;ksa dh lPph ;ksX;rk o {kerk dk fu/kkZj.k Hkh ugha gks ikrk gS vkSj [ksy] laLd`fr fod`r gksrh gSA [ksyksa esa gkjuk ;k thruk mruk egRoiw.kZ ugha gksrk gS ftruk [ksy Hkkouk dks cuk, j[kukA fQj Hkh dqN f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk viuh izfr"Bk dks cukus ;k dk;e j[kus ds mn~ns'; ls eknd mRrstd inkFkksZa dk lsou fd;k tkrk gSA

19

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

18

tSls&,lhcqVkyksy] yscsVsyksy] esVªkyksy vkfnA

pkSFkk oxZ ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l dk gSA o`Dd ds Åij vUr% lzkoh xzfUFk&lqizkjhuy ¿ ,MªhuyÀ xzfUFk ls ¿ dkVsZDl Hkkx ls À dksjVh dksLVsjkW;M~l @ LVsjkW;M~l uked gkeksZu lzkfor gksrs gSaA

gkykWfd ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l ipkl ds n'kd ls gh mi;ksx esa yk;s tk jgs gSa] ijUrq iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa buds lalwpu ,oa ijh{k.k dh fof/k;ka fodflr gks tkus ds mijkar gh bUgsa o"kZ 1975 esa izfrcaf/kr nokvksa dh lwph esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA blds ckotwn Hkh ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l ds Mksi ijh{k.k rHkh izHkkoh <ax ls ykxw fd;s tk lds tc 'kjhj esa VsLVksLVsjkWu @ bihVsLVksLVsjkWu ds izkd`frd vuqikr ,oa okg~; :i ls fy, x, LVsjkW;M~l ds vuqikr dk izek.khdj.k dj fy;k x;kA ;|fi oSKkfudksa }kjk LVsjkW;M~l ds Mksfiax ijh{k.k gsrq uohure fof/k;ka fodflr dh xbZ gSa ijUrq blh ds lkFk&lkFk fjdkWEchusUV isLVkbM gkeksZUl dk fodkl gks tkus ls f[kykfM+;ksa esa gkeksZUl dk nq:i;ksx c<+ x;k gSA ekuo o`f) gkeksZu] bfjFkzksiks,fVu ,oa vU; dks izfrcaf/kr nokvksa@inkFkksZa dh lwph esa o"kZ 1989 ls lfEefyr fd;k x;kA

vUrjkZ"Vªh; vksyafid la?k }kjk Mksi ijh{k.k ds fy, vf/kd`r ;k ekU;rk izkIr iz;ksx'kkykvksa ls izkIr okf"kZd lkaf[;dh ds vuqlkj fofHkUu [ksyksa esa f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M gkeksZUl dk gh vf/kdrk ls mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ,ukcksfyd LVsjkW;M~l

esa VsLVkLVsjkWu ds lkFk&lkFk blds d`f=e :i ls fodflr fd, x, O;qRiUu Hkh izeq[k gSaA ijUrq fofHkUu ,FkyhVksa ls fy, x, uewuksa dh tkWp esa VsLVksLVsjkWu ds ,sls vizpfyr O;qRiUu Hkh ik, x, gSa ftuds ckjs esa cktkj esa dksbZ oS/k vkS"k/kh; tkudkjh gh miyC/k ugha FkhA laHkor% bl izdkj ds O;qRiUu fdUgha xqIr lzksrksa ls izkIr fd, tkrs gSaA bZ-ih-vks- isIVkbM gkeksZUl ¿ bjkbFkzksiks,fVu À dk lsou yky jDr dksf'kdkvksa esa o`f) ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i vf/kd ls vf/kd 'okl xzg.k djds vf/kd ls vf/kd vkWDlhtu xzg.k dj lduk laHko gks tkrk gS tks vUrrksxRok 'kkjhfjd lgu'khyrk esa o`f) djrk gSA bl gkeksZu dk lsou vf/kdka'kr % eSjkFku nkSM+ ,oa lkbfdy nkSM+ ds f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

[ksyksa ds izn'kZu esa o`f) ds fy, balqfyu dk lsou laHkor% ekalis'kh dksf'kdkvksa esa Xywdkst ds Lrj dks c<+k nsrk gS ftlls ekalisf'k;ksa esa Xykbdkstu HkaMkfjr gks tkrk gS vkSj mudh dk;Z{kerk c<+ tkrh gSA

vHkh rd fo'o dh vusd Mksfiax fu;a=.k iz;ksx'kkykvksa }kjk LVsjkW;M gkeksZu ds Mksfiax ijh{k.k gsrq lalwpu fof/k;ksa dk fodkl ,oa mudk ekudhdj.k fd;k tk pqdk gS ijUrq isIVkbM gkeksZuksa ds lalwpu gsrq ijh{k.k fof/k;ksa ds fodkl ,oa muds ekudhdj.k dk dk;Z vHkh vius 'kS'kodky esa gSA vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij Lohd`r vf/kdka'k ,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.kksa esa f[kykM+h ds ew= ds uewus ij gh fo'okl fd;k tkrk gS ijarq isIVkbM

nSfud fgUnqLrku 24 fnlEcj] 2011

Mksfiax esa lkr ,FkyhVksas ij izfrca/k

Mksfiax dk vkjksi >sy jgs ns'k ds 'kh"kZ lkr ,FkyhVksa ij ,d lky dk izfrca/k yxk fn;k x;k gSA buesa ,f'k;kbZ [ksyksa esa nks Lo.kZ ind thrus okyha vf'ouh vdaqth Hkh gSaA yach dwn ds ,FkyhV gfjd`".ku eqjyh/kju ij nks lky dh ikcanh yxkbZ xbZ gSA

us'kyu ,aVh Mksfiax ,tsalh ¼ukMk½ ds QSlys ls buds vxys lky yanu vksyafid esa [ksyus dh mEehnsa yxHkx /oLr gks xbZaA fjys /kkfodk eunhi dkSj] flfu tksl] esjh fr;kuk FkkWel] fiz;adk iokj] tkSuk eqewZ vkSj vdqath bl lky twu vkSj tqykbZ esa izfrcaf/kr LVsjkW;M ds lsou dh nks"kh ikbZ xbZa FkhaA

,FkyhV izfrca/k ds f[kykQ 14 fnuksa ds Hkhrj ukMk dh vihysV fVªC;wuy esa vihy dj ldrs gSaA

'kjhj&fØ;k foKku ¿ fQft;ksykWth À dh Hkk"kk esa izR;sd O;fDr dh dk;Z{kerk @ ekalisf'k;ksa ds dk;Z djus dh {kerk @ 'olu] jDr izokg vkfn dh n{krk ij fuHkZj djrh gS rFkk dqN le; ckn og Fkdku vuqHko djus yxrk gSA Fkdku dh voLFkk esa ekalisf'k;ksa dk Xykbdkstu Hk.Mkj lekIr gksus yxrk gS] jDr esa Xywdkst dh ek=k ?kV tkrh gS] Xywdkst ySfDVd ,flM esa ifjofrZr gksus yxrk gS] 'kjhj esa {kerkuqlkj dk;Z djus ds mijkar Fkdku mRiUu gksus ij jDr nkc c<+ tkrk gS] 'olu xfr rst gks tkrh gS] ân;&Lianu rst gks tkrk gS] vkSj ilhuk vkus yxrk gSA izfrcaf/kr eknd@mRrstd inkFkZ vLFkk;h@vkaf'kd :i ls Fkdku ds y{k.k izdV ugha gksus nsrs rFkk Fkdku ds ekufld y{k.k Hkh izk; % lekIr gks tkrs gSaA ;s nokb;ka fdlh Hkh izdkj ls lqjf{kr ugha dgh tk ldrh rFkk 'kjhj dks vR;Ur {kfr igqapkrh gSaA

bu izfrcaf/kr nokb;ksa esa igyk oxZ mRrstd ¿ LVheqysaV À dk gSA ;s inkFkZ efLr"d dks mRrsftr djds dk;Z{kerk c<+krs gSa tSls & dksdsu] dSQhu] ,QhMªhu vkfnA

nwljk oxZ ukWjdksfVDl dk gSA ekalisf'k;ksa esa vR;f/kd f[kapko ds dkj.k efLr"d dks tks nnZ dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gS] ;s nok,a ml nnZ dh vuqHkwfr dks ugha gksus nsrha tSls dksMsu] ;sFkhghu] QkQhZu] eSFksMhu] MDlV~Vks&izksQkWDlhQhu vkfnA

rhljk oxZ chVk ,Mªhuj dk gSA ;s nok,a ân; ij fØ;k djds fpUrk dk mUewyu djrs gq, dk;Z{kerk c<+krh gSa]

1968 esa eSfDldks esa vk;ksftr vksyafid [ksyksa ls izkjaHk fd, x,A ,aVh Mksfiax izko/kkuksa ds vUrxZr f[kykfM+;ksa ds jDr ,oa ew= ds uewuksa ds vkSpd ijh{k.k

igyh ckj flMuh esa vk;ksftr vksyafid [ksyksa ls izkjEHk fd, x,A

Mksfiax

vksyafid ewoesaV ^,aVh&Mksfiax dksM* ds }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ ifjHkk"kk ds vuqlkj& Þfdlh Hkh ,slh oLrq ;k fof/k dk mi;ksx@miHkksx ftlls f[kykM+h ds LokLF; ds fy, gkfudkjd fl) gksus dh laHkkouk gks ;k og mldh izn'kZu {kerk dk c<+kus esa l{ke gks ;k lgk;d fl) gks] Mksfiax dgykrh gSA blh ds lkFk&lkFk f[kykM+h ds 'kjhj esa fdlh izfrcaf/kr inkFkZ ;k vkS"kf/k dh mifLFkfr ;k mlds }kjk fdlh izfrcaf/kr izf'k{k.k fof/k ;k O;ogkj dk mi;ksx fd;s tkus dk izek.k feyuk Hkh ^Mksfiax* dh izfØ;k ds vUrxZr ekuk tkRkk gSAß

Mksfiax dks vUrjkZ"Vªh; vksyafid ifj"kn~ ¼vkbZ-vks-lh-½ }kjk o"kZ 1967 ls izfrcaf/kr fd;k x;k vkSj ifj"kn~ }kjk ,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.k loZizFke o"kZ

Mksfiax na'k[ksyksa esa izfrcaf/kr

nokvksa dk c<r+ k i;z kxs

fnus'k ef.k

vktdy jk"Vªh; ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij gksus okys fofHkUu [ksyksa esa f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk vius izn'kZu dks csgrj cukus ds fy, fofHkUu izdkj dh vks"kf/k;ksa] jlk;uksa ,oa gkeksZUl dk lsou c<+rk tk jgk gSA izkphu xzhl ls izkIr iqjkuh dFkkvksa ,oa [kkstksa ls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd ml le; ds f[kykM+h Hkh vius izn'kZu dks csgrj cukus ds fy, viuh lgu'khyrk ,oa 'kfDr dks c<+kus ds fy, fo'ks"k izdkj ds Hkkstu ,oa vU; inkFkksZa dk lsou fd;k djrs FksA vUrjkZ"Vªh; [ksy Li/kkZvksa esa dM+s fpfdRldh; ijh{k.k ds ckotwn f[kykfM+;ksa esa ckj&ckj eknd inkFkksZa dk lsou fd;k tkuk fuf'pr :i ls fpark dk fo"k; gSA blls f[kykfM+;ksa dh lPph ;ksX;rk o {kerk dk fu/kkZj.k Hkh ugha gks ikrk gS vkSj [ksy] laLd`fr fod`r gksrh gSA [ksyksa esa gkjuk ;k thruk mruk egRoiw.kZ ugha gksrk gS ftruk [ksy Hkkouk dks cuk, j[kukA fQj Hkh dqN f[kykfM+;ksa }kjk viuh izfr"Bk dks cukus ;k dk;e j[kus ds mn~ns'; ls eknd mRrstd inkFkksZa dk lsou fd;k tkrk gSA

20 25

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx

mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn

21

lekpkj&i=d vDVwcj ls fnlEcj 2011

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

egkfuns'kd dh dye lsfoKku ifjppkZ dk vDVwcj&fnlEcj vad ikBdksa ds le{k izLrqr gSA Lo;a u dgdj if=dk ds laca/k esa izkIr izfrfØ;kvksa ds dqN okD;ka'k ;gk¡ ij mn~/k`r djuk lehphu gksxk **if=dk esa fu[kkj vkrk tk jgk gS vkSj lHkh oxksZa ds ikBdksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj lkexzh dk izdk'ku fd;k tk jgk gS^^] **if=dk dk lkt&lTtk o ys[k iza'kluh; ,oa Kkuo/kZd gSa^^] **if=dk dh izLrqfr] NikbZ vkfn fof'k"V vkSj 'kkunkj gS^^ ge vius ikBdksa dh bu Hkkoukvksa ds mfpr vknj o ifj"kn ds mn~ns';ksa dh lQyrk ds izfr d`rladYi gSaA

NBoha jkT; foKku dkaxzsl ds o`gr

bl laLdj.k esa�;wdkWLV ,oa th0ch0 iUr d`f"k

fo'ofo|ky;] iaruxj }kjk ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

�;wdkWLV ,oa LiSDl }kjk ftyk dkjkxkj nsgjknwu esa Lojkstxkj dk;ZØe dk vk;kstuA

�Ikfj"kn }kjk ts0,u0lh0,s0,l0vkj0] cSaxyksj ds iz[;kr oSKkfud izks0 ds0,l0 ofYn;k ds fn'kkfunZs'ku esa lkabl vkÅVjhp izksxzke dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn ,oa jktdh; egkfo|ky; d.kZiz;kx] peksyh }kjk :Yl vkWQ eSFkkesfVdYk ,.M fQftdy lkbal bu bathfu;fjax ,.M VSDuksykWth ij nks fnolh; jk"Vªh; xks"Bh dk vk;kstuA

xka/kh uoksn; fo|ky; esa cky foKku dkaxzsl vk;ksftr dj izns'k ds Hkkoh oSKkfudksa dks izksRlkfgr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA

ifj"kn us 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa ds yfEcr 'kks/k izLRkkoksa dh Lohd`fr ds lkFk oSKkfud vuqla/kkuksa dks xfr iznku djus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA vkxkeh vof/k esa Hkh vusd egRoiw.kZ vk;kstuksa gsrq dk;Zokgh izkjEHk dh x;h gSA

lq/kh ikBdksa ds lq>ko o fopkj lknj vkeaf=r gSaA

MkΠjktsUnz MksHkkyegkfuns'kd

�ifj"kn ,oa dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] uSuhrky }kjk bejftax psat bu dsesLVªh&ck;ksykWth baVjQsl dkaÝsal dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn }kjk NBoha jkT; foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn rFkk vkj0lh0;w0 jktdh; ih0th0 dkWyst] mŸkjdk'kh }kjk vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn rFkk ,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkgh FkkSy] fVgjh x<+oky }kjk vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn] ,u0lh0,l0Vh0] ubZ fnYyh rFkk igy }kjk jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk

vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn }kjk ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh f}rh; LVsfjax desVh (Steering Committee) dh cSBd dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn] vks0,u0th0lh0 ubZ fnYyh ds la;qDr dk;ZØe iSVªksVsd&2010 dk lQy lekiuA

�ifj"kn] Mh0,l0Vh0 ubZ fnYyh] mŸkjk[k.M ty laLFkku rFkk Mh0,0oh0 ih0th0 dkWyst }kjk okVj DokyVh MkVk csl eSustesaV vku th0vkbZ0,l0 IysVQkeZ uked dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

xzkgh vkfn esa vkus okys cnykoksa dk ekiu fd;k tk;sxk tks okg~; :i ls fjdkWEchusUV bZ-ih-vks- ds lsou ds mijkUr izHkkfor gksrs gSaA nwljh fof/k dks ßijks{k ijh{k.k fof/kß dk uke fn;k x;k gSA blesa izkd`frd :i ls 'kjhj esa ik;s tkus okys lw{e ls lw{e varjksa dk v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA

g~;weu xzksFk gkeksZau ¼,p- th- ,p-½ ds ,aVh Mksfiax lalwpu ds fy, vHkh rd dksbZ vf/kd`r ,oa loZekU; ijh{k.k fof/k miyC/k u gksus ds dkj.k f[kykfM+;ksa esa Mksfiax ds fy, ;g gkeksZu vR;f/kd yksdfiz; gSA bZ-ih-vks- dh Hkkafr ,p- th- ,p- esa Xykbdkslkbys'ku iz{ks= ugha ik, tkrs gSa ftlds dkj.k blds lalwpu ds fy, dksbZ loZekU; ,oa loZlqyHk ijh{k.k fof/k dk fodkl vR;ar dfBu gSA fQj Hkh ,p- th- ,p- ds lalwpu ds fy, ijh{k ;k vijks{k fof/k fodflr djus ds fy, ;wjksih;

la?k vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; vksyfEid ifj"kn~ us oSKkfudksa dks vkfFkZd lgk;rk iznku dh gSA

bl izdkj fo'oLrj ij lHkh ns'kksa ds [ksy la?k ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; vksyfEid ifj"kn~ [ksyksa esa izfrcaf/kr nokvksa ds c<+rs pyu ij fpafrr gSa vkSj bls jksdus ds fy, iz;Ru'khy Hkh gSa fdUrq bls dsoy bls dsoy dkuwu ds lgkjs jksdk tkuk laHko ugha gS] blds fy, fo'o Lrj ij lHkh ns'kksa }kjk vius&vius f[kykfM+;ksa esa uSfrd ewY;ksa ,oa lPph [ksy Hkkouk dh o`f) djus dh vko';drk gSA

iwoZ lEiknd] ^foKku if=dk*35@3] tokgj yky usg: jksM+] tktZ

VkÅu] bykgkckn & 2

gkeksZuksa ds lanHkZ esa f[kykfM+;ksa ds ew= ijh{k.kksa esa isIVkbM gkeksZuksa dh ek=k bruh ux.; gksrh gS fd bl ij fo'okl ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ijUrq bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, ,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.k gsrq vc jDr ijh{k.kksa dh fof/k;ka fodflr djus ij tksj fn;k tk jgk gSA

,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.kksa ds lanHkZ esa fjdkWEchusUV bZ-ih-vks- ¿ bjkbFkzksiks,fVu À ds lalwpu gsrq gky gh esa ,d fof/k dk fodkl fd;k x;k gSA bl lalwpu dh fof/k esa nks Lrjh; ijh{k.k djus dh ;kstuk cukbZ xbZ gS vkSj fo'o ds vf/kdka'k [ksy laxBuksa us bu ijh{k.k fof/k;ksa dks ekU;rk Hkh iznku dj nh gSA izFke fof/k dks Þvijks{k ijh{k.kß fof/k dk uke fn;k x;k gSA blesa mu fofHkUu izkd`frd bZ-ih-vks- dkjdksa tSls fgesVksfØV Lrj] jsfV dqykslkbV~l] lhje] VªkalQsfju

ek¡ ds vk¡py lk lq[knk;d]i`Foh lHkh izkf.k;ksa dk ?kjA;gh vuwBk fi.M l`f"V esagfj;kyh vkSj thou ftlijAA

vks<+ ds pqujh ok;qe.My dh]vUrfj{k dh jkuh yxrhAdop ljh[kh gS ;s pqujh]jkuh dh j{kk Hkh djrhA[krjukd fdj.ksa gS ftruh]vo'kksf"kr mudks dj ysrhAikl u vkus nsrh dqN dksfNrjkdj okfil dj nsrhAAekSle vkSj tyok;q bllsckny vkrs gSa fpj&fpj djA;gh vuwBk fi.M-------AA

uHk esa yxrh ty ds dkj.k]ewY;oku dksbZ uhykiRFkjAlts gq;s ty lzksr /kjk ij]ufn;ka] rky] ryS;k] lkxjAgksrk forfjr ty pØksa ls]ikuh lkjs Hkwe.My ijA;qxksa&;qxksa rd jgs lqjf{kr]Hkwty cu tkrk gS fjldjAAfjlrk&cgrk vkxs c<+rk]

foKku dfork i`Foh lHkh izkf.k;ksa dk ?kjnwj&nwu rd tkrk mM+djA;gha vuwBk fi.M---------AA

feV~Vh gS cgqewY; lEink]djrh ikfjra= lapkfyrAikS/kksa dks nsrh gS iks"k.k]ikuh jgrk ;gk¡ lqjf{krAvif'k"Vksa dk {kj.k blh esadjrh gS ;g rki laxzghrAiSnk gksrh Qlysa ftlesamitkÅ feV~Vh gS lhferAAclrs gSa cgqtho Hkh blesaiksf"kr gksrs Hkkstu ikdjA;gh vuwBk fi.M---------AA

gSa cgq#i ;gk¡ thou ds]NksVh&cM+h J`a[kykisa gSaAi`Fkd&i`Fkd tyok;q {ks= esaQSyh fofo/k fofo/krk;sa gSaAcgqjaxh /kjrh thoksa lspgq¡fn'k lqUnjrk;sa gSaAy?kq ls ysdj ds foLr`r rdvfr izkphu vejrk;sa gSaAAdjrs gSa le`) /kjk dkspypj] Fkypj vkSj mHk;pjA;gh vuwBk fi.M--------AA

cny x;h gS thou 'kSyh]fcxM+ jgk gS vkt lUrqyuAu"V gks jgs vo;o lkjs]va/kk&/kqa/k izd`fr dk nksguAfyIlk c<+rh tkrh tu dh]dkcZu xSlksa dk mRltZuAlkQ ugh ty] ok;q] feV~Vh]pgq¡ fn'k QSyk gS iznw"k.kAANht jgs lalk/ku lkjs]ftuls thou pyrk Hkw ijA;gh vuwBk fi.M------AA

c<+rk tkrk lkxj ry gS]gjh&Hkjh /kjrh MwcsxhAty esa pyrh ;k fQj Fky esa]thou dh Mksjh VwVsxhAeqf'dy gksxk nkuk ikuh]Hkkoh ih<+h D;k lkspsxhAmtM+h gqbZ /kjk ij cSBhjg&jg dj gedks dkslsxhAAi`Foh fcuk vkSj fBdkuk]cuk clsjk ysa ge tkdjA;gh vuwBk fi.M l`f"V esa]gfj;kyh vkSj thou ftlijAA

fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

vk;kstu ds lkFk foxr rhu ekg esa ifj"kn dh vksj ls vusd egRoiw.kZ dk;ZØe lQyrkiwoZd lEiUu fd;s x;sA ,l0,l0 thuk ifjlj] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] vYeksM+k esa vk;ksftr foKku dkaxzsl esa 340 'kks/k i=ksa ds izLrqfrdj.k ds lkFk gh uklh O;k[;ku o 05 fopkj eaFku l=ksa dk vk;kstu] 41 mRd`"V 'kks/k i=ksa o 01 vUos"kd o 01 foKku f'k{kd dks iqjLd`r djus ds lkFk gh rhu yC/k izfrf"Br oSKkfudksa dks lEeku bl vk;kstu dh fo'ks"krk jghA ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ij x<+oky o dqekaÅ esa rhu dk;Z'kkykvksa vk;ksftr gq;hA nsgjknwu fLFkr jktho

20 25

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx

mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn

21

lekpkj&i=d vDVwcj ls fnlEcj 2011

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

egkfuns'kd dh dye lsfoKku ifjppkZ dk vDVwcj&fnlEcj vad ikBdksa ds le{k izLrqr gSA Lo;a u dgdj if=dk ds laca/k esa izkIr izfrfØ;kvksa ds dqN okD;ka'k ;gk¡ ij mn~/k`r djuk lehphu gksxk **if=dk esa fu[kkj vkrk tk jgk gS vkSj lHkh oxksZa ds ikBdksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj lkexzh dk izdk'ku fd;k tk jgk gS^^] **if=dk dk lkt&lTtk o ys[k iza'kluh; ,oa Kkuo/kZd gSa^^] **if=dk dh izLrqfr] NikbZ vkfn fof'k"V vkSj 'kkunkj gS^^ ge vius ikBdksa dh bu Hkkoukvksa ds mfpr vknj o ifj"kn ds mn~ns';ksa dh lQyrk ds izfr d`rladYi gSaA

NBoha jkT; foKku dkaxzsl ds o`gr

bl laLdj.k esa�;wdkWLV ,oa th0ch0 iUr d`f"k

fo'ofo|ky;] iaruxj }kjk ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

�;wdkWLV ,oa LiSDl }kjk ftyk dkjkxkj nsgjknwu esa Lojkstxkj dk;ZØe dk vk;kstuA

�Ikfj"kn }kjk ts0,u0lh0,s0,l0vkj0] cSaxyksj ds iz[;kr oSKkfud izks0 ds0,l0 ofYn;k ds fn'kkfunZs'ku esa lkabl vkÅVjhp izksxzke dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn ,oa jktdh; egkfo|ky; d.kZiz;kx] peksyh }kjk :Yl vkWQ eSFkkesfVdYk ,.M fQftdy lkbal bu bathfu;fjax ,.M VSDuksykWth ij nks fnolh; jk"Vªh; xks"Bh dk vk;kstuA

xka/kh uoksn; fo|ky; esa cky foKku dkaxzsl vk;ksftr dj izns'k ds Hkkoh oSKkfudksa dks izksRlkfgr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA

ifj"kn us 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa ds yfEcr 'kks/k izLRkkoksa dh Lohd`fr ds lkFk oSKkfud vuqla/kkuksa dks xfr iznku djus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA vkxkeh vof/k esa Hkh vusd egRoiw.kZ vk;kstuksa gsrq dk;Zokgh izkjEHk dh x;h gSA

lq/kh ikBdksa ds lq>ko o fopkj lknj vkeaf=r gSaA

MkΠjktsUnz MksHkkyegkfuns'kd

�ifj"kn ,oa dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] uSuhrky }kjk bejftax psat bu dsesLVªh&ck;ksykWth baVjQsl dkaÝsal dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn }kjk NBoha jkT; foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn rFkk vkj0lh0;w0 jktdh; ih0th0 dkWyst] mŸkjdk'kh }kjk vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn rFkk ,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkgh FkkSy] fVgjh x<+oky }kjk vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn] ,u0lh0,l0Vh0] ubZ fnYyh rFkk igy }kjk jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk

vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn }kjk ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh f}rh; LVsfjax desVh (Steering Committee) dh cSBd dk vk;kstuA

�ifj"kn] vks0,u0th0lh0 ubZ fnYyh ds la;qDr dk;ZØe iSVªksVsd&2010 dk lQy lekiuA

�ifj"kn] Mh0,l0Vh0 ubZ fnYyh] mŸkjk[k.M ty laLFkku rFkk Mh0,0oh0 ih0th0 dkWyst }kjk okVj DokyVh MkVk csl eSustesaV vku th0vkbZ0,l0 IysVQkeZ uked dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA

xzkgh vkfn esa vkus okys cnykoksa dk ekiu fd;k tk;sxk tks okg~; :i ls fjdkWEchusUV bZ-ih-vks- ds lsou ds mijkUr izHkkfor gksrs gSaA nwljh fof/k dks ßijks{k ijh{k.k fof/kß dk uke fn;k x;k gSA blesa izkd`frd :i ls 'kjhj esa ik;s tkus okys lw{e ls lw{e varjksa dk v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA

g~;weu xzksFk gkeksZau ¼,p- th- ,p-½ ds ,aVh Mksfiax lalwpu ds fy, vHkh rd dksbZ vf/kd`r ,oa loZekU; ijh{k.k fof/k miyC/k u gksus ds dkj.k f[kykfM+;ksa esa Mksfiax ds fy, ;g gkeksZu vR;f/kd yksdfiz; gSA bZ-ih-vks- dh Hkkafr ,p- th- ,p- esa Xykbdkslkbys'ku iz{ks= ugha ik, tkrs gSa ftlds dkj.k blds lalwpu ds fy, dksbZ loZekU; ,oa loZlqyHk ijh{k.k fof/k dk fodkl vR;ar dfBu gSA fQj Hkh ,p- th- ,p- ds lalwpu ds fy, ijh{k ;k vijks{k fof/k fodflr djus ds fy, ;wjksih;

la?k vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; vksyfEid ifj"kn~ us oSKkfudksa dks vkfFkZd lgk;rk iznku dh gSA

bl izdkj fo'oLrj ij lHkh ns'kksa ds [ksy la?k ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; vksyfEid ifj"kn~ [ksyksa esa izfrcaf/kr nokvksa ds c<+rs pyu ij fpafrr gSa vkSj bls jksdus ds fy, iz;Ru'khy Hkh gSa fdUrq bls dsoy bls dsoy dkuwu ds lgkjs jksdk tkuk laHko ugha gS] blds fy, fo'o Lrj ij lHkh ns'kksa }kjk vius&vius f[kykfM+;ksa esa uSfrd ewY;ksa ,oa lPph [ksy Hkkouk dh o`f) djus dh vko';drk gSA

iwoZ lEiknd] ^foKku if=dk*35@3] tokgj yky usg: jksM+] tktZ

VkÅu] bykgkckn & 2

gkeksZuksa ds lanHkZ esa f[kykfM+;ksa ds ew= ijh{k.kksa esa isIVkbM gkeksZuksa dh ek=k bruh ux.; gksrh gS fd bl ij fo'okl ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ijUrq bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, ,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.k gsrq vc jDr ijh{k.kksa dh fof/k;ka fodflr djus ij tksj fn;k tk jgk gSA

,aVh&Mksfiax ijh{k.kksa ds lanHkZ esa fjdkWEchusUV bZ-ih-vks- ¿ bjkbFkzksiks,fVu À ds lalwpu gsrq gky gh esa ,d fof/k dk fodkl fd;k x;k gSA bl lalwpu dh fof/k esa nks Lrjh; ijh{k.k djus dh ;kstuk cukbZ xbZ gS vkSj fo'o ds vf/kdka'k [ksy laxBuksa us bu ijh{k.k fof/k;ksa dks ekU;rk Hkh iznku dj nh gSA izFke fof/k dks Þvijks{k ijh{k.kß fof/k dk uke fn;k x;k gSA blesa mu fofHkUu izkd`frd bZ-ih-vks- dkjdksa tSls fgesVksfØV Lrj] jsfV dqykslkbV~l] lhje] VªkalQsfju

ek¡ ds vk¡py lk lq[knk;d]i`Foh lHkh izkf.k;ksa dk ?kjA;gh vuwBk fi.M l`f"V esagfj;kyh vkSj thou ftlijAA

vks<+ ds pqujh ok;qe.My dh]vUrfj{k dh jkuh yxrhAdop ljh[kh gS ;s pqujh]jkuh dh j{kk Hkh djrhA[krjukd fdj.ksa gS ftruh]vo'kksf"kr mudks dj ysrhAikl u vkus nsrh dqN dksfNrjkdj okfil dj nsrhAAekSle vkSj tyok;q bllsckny vkrs gSa fpj&fpj djA;gh vuwBk fi.M-------AA

uHk esa yxrh ty ds dkj.k]ewY;oku dksbZ uhykiRFkjAlts gq;s ty lzksr /kjk ij]ufn;ka] rky] ryS;k] lkxjAgksrk forfjr ty pØksa ls]ikuh lkjs Hkwe.My ijA;qxksa&;qxksa rd jgs lqjf{kr]Hkwty cu tkrk gS fjldjAAfjlrk&cgrk vkxs c<+rk]

foKku dfork i`Foh lHkh izkf.k;ksa dk ?kjnwj&nwu rd tkrk mM+djA;gha vuwBk fi.M---------AA

feV~Vh gS cgqewY; lEink]djrh ikfjra= lapkfyrAikS/kksa dks nsrh gS iks"k.k]ikuh jgrk ;gk¡ lqjf{krAvif'k"Vksa dk {kj.k blh esadjrh gS ;g rki laxzghrAiSnk gksrh Qlysa ftlesamitkÅ feV~Vh gS lhferAAclrs gSa cgqtho Hkh blesaiksf"kr gksrs Hkkstu ikdjA;gh vuwBk fi.M---------AA

gSa cgq#i ;gk¡ thou ds]NksVh&cM+h J`a[kykisa gSaAi`Fkd&i`Fkd tyok;q {ks= esaQSyh fofo/k fofo/krk;sa gSaAcgqjaxh /kjrh thoksa lspgq¡fn'k lqUnjrk;sa gSaAy?kq ls ysdj ds foLr`r rdvfr izkphu vejrk;sa gSaAAdjrs gSa le`) /kjk dkspypj] Fkypj vkSj mHk;pjA;gh vuwBk fi.M--------AA

cny x;h gS thou 'kSyh]fcxM+ jgk gS vkt lUrqyuAu"V gks jgs vo;o lkjs]va/kk&/kqa/k izd`fr dk nksguAfyIlk c<+rh tkrh tu dh]dkcZu xSlksa dk mRltZuAlkQ ugh ty] ok;q] feV~Vh]pgq¡ fn'k QSyk gS iznw"k.kAANht jgs lalk/ku lkjs]ftuls thou pyrk Hkw ijA;gh vuwBk fi.M------AA

c<+rk tkrk lkxj ry gS]gjh&Hkjh /kjrh MwcsxhAty esa pyrh ;k fQj Fky esa]thou dh Mksjh VwVsxhAeqf'dy gksxk nkuk ikuh]Hkkoh ih<+h D;k lkspsxhAmtM+h gqbZ /kjk ij cSBhjg&jg dj gedks dkslsxhAAi`Foh fcuk vkSj fBdkuk]cuk clsjk ysa ge tkdjA;gh vuwBk fi.M l`f"V esa]gfj;kyh vkSj thou ftlijAA

fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

vk;kstu ds lkFk foxr rhu ekg esa ifj"kn dh vksj ls vusd egRoiw.kZ dk;ZØe lQyrkiwoZd lEiUu fd;s x;sA ,l0,l0 thuk ifjlj] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] vYeksM+k esa vk;ksftr foKku dkaxzsl esa 340 'kks/k i=ksa ds izLrqfrdj.k ds lkFk gh uklh O;k[;ku o 05 fopkj eaFku l=ksa dk vk;kstu] 41 mRd`"V 'kks/k i=ksa o 01 vUos"kd o 01 foKku f'k{kd dks iqjLd`r djus ds lkFk gh rhu yC/k izfrf"Br oSKkfudksa dks lEeku bl vk;kstu dh fo'ks"krk jghA ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ij x<+oky o dqekaÅ esa rhu dk;Z'kkykvksa vk;ksftr gq;hA nsgjknwu fLFkr jktho

22 23

fn;kA mUgksaus gkbfczM fMxzh dh vo/kkj.kk ykxw djus ij tksj nsrs gq, dgk fd blls foKku ds izfr vfHk:fp esa btkQk gksxkA dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr izks0 oh0ih0 vjksM+k us vius lacks/ku esa crk;k fd bl rjg ds vk;kstuksa dks izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,xkA vkbZ0vkbZ0Vh0 dkuiqj ds izks0 ,l0,l0 ljdkj us dkcZu dh mi;ksfxrk ij

O;k[;ku fn;kA fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 Mh0,l0 jkor us izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ls vkS"kf/k fuekZ.k dh mi;ksfxrk ij cy fn;kA th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iaruxj ds izks0 ,0ds0 iar us okuLifrd ,oa jlk;fud ifjorZukas ij O;k[;ku fn;kA dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 100 yksxksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

i;kZoj.kh; ifjos'k o c<+rh vkinkvksa esa vfHk;kaf=dh o izkS|ksfxdh dk ;ksxnku dks vge crk;kA lekiu lekjksg ds eq[; vfrfFk dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 ,p0,l0 /kkeh us 21oha lnh esa xf.kr o HkkSfrdh ds egRo ij izdk'k Mkyrs gq, dgk fd vfHk;kaf=dh o

ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuifj"kn rFkk th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 01 vDVwcj] 2011 dks :nziqj esa fd;k x;kA bl dk;Z'kkyk dk eq[; mn~ns'; tuin m/keflaguxj esa O;kIr] lw{e] y?kq o e/;e m|ksxksa esa

ifj"kn ,oa lkslkbVh vkWQ ikWY;w'ku ,.M ,Uok;jesaVy datosZa'ku lkbafVLV ¼LiSDl½] nsgjknwu ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa ,ybZMh ykbV fuekZ.k izf'k{k.k f'kfoj dk vk;kstu fnukad 09&15 vDVwcj] 2011 dks ftyk dkjkxkj] nsgjknwu esa fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr ckal ij fofHkUu vkd`fr;ksa dh ltkoVh ,ybZMh ;qDr ykbZVl fuekZ.k] ykbZV ds lfdZVksa dk fuekZ.k] ,ybZMh cYcksa dh xq.koŸkk tkap vkfn ds ckjs esa izf'k{k.k fn;k x;k ftlesa ftyk dkjkxkj ds 20 cafn;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA dk;ZØe dk

lkbal vkÅVjhp izksxzke dk vk;kstuifj"kn] ts0,u0lh0,s0,l0vkj0] cSaxyksj] n'kkSyh xzke LojkT; e.My] xksis'oj rFkk fgeky;u xzke fodkl lfefr] xaxksyhgkV] fiFkkSjkx<+ ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa lkabl vkÅVfjp izksxke dk vk;kstu 08 ls 15 vDVwcj] 2011 dks fiFkkSjkx<+ ,oa xksis'oj esa fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe esa ts0,u0lh0,s0,l0vkj0] cSaxyksj ds iz[;kr oSKkfud izks0 ds0,l0 ofYn;k rFkk izks0 mn; dqekj jaxk lfgr th0ch0 iUr d`f"k fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 ch0Mh0 y[kpkSjk] izks0 ,p0,e0 vxzoky] izks0 ,0ds0 iar] izks0 ih0,l0 egj] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 th0,l0 fo"V] ,p0,p0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 ,e0ih0,l0 fc"V rFkk varfj{k mi;ksx dsUnz] vgenkckn ds Mk0 uohu tq;ky us izfrHkkx dj Nk=&Nk=kvksa] foKku v/;kidksa RkFkk lkekftd {ks= ds tqMs+ yksxksa dks foKku laca/kh egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh rFkk yksdfiz; O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;ZØe ls 160 yksx ykHkkfUor gq,A

ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj lEcU/kh fo"k; ij tkx:drk dk izpkj izlkj FkkA vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; vfrfFk th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr izks0 ch0,l0 fc"V FksA dk;Z'kkyk esa ,e0,l0,e0bZ0 ¼MSME½ {ks= ls vk;s yxHkx 92 izfrHkkxh m|eh ykHkkfUor gq;sA

ftyk dkjkxkj] nsgjknwu esa Lojkstxkj dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu

lekiu 15 vDVwcj dks fd;k x;kA lekiu lekjksg esa vius lacks/ku esa Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky] egkfuns'kd] ;wdkWLV us ,ybZMh ykbZV dh Hkfo"; esa mi;ksfxrk ds ckjs esa le>k;kA bl izdkj ds dk;ZØe cafn;ksa ds fy, Lojkstxkj ds ekxZ [kksysxsaA Jh ch0ih0 ik.Ms] tsy v/kh{kd us crk;k fd ;g dk;ZØe cafn;ksa ds csgrj Hkfo"; esa ennxkj gksxkA izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe ds rgr 50 ls Hkh vf/kd ;wfuV ,ybZMh ykbZV dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA

bejftax psat bu dsesLVªh&ck;ksykWth baVjQsl dkaÝsal dk vk;kstuifj"kn rFkk dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] uSuhrky ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa mijksDr dkaÝsal dk vk;kstu fo'ofo|ky; ifjlj ds gfeZVst Hkou esa fnukad 03&05 uoEcj] 2011 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe dk 'kqHkkjaHk djrs gq, eq[; vfrfFk ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us jkT; esa foKku dh laLd`fr fodflr djus ij tksj

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ifj"kn ,oa jktdh; egkfo|ky; d.kZiz;kx] peksyh ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa mijksDr nks fnolh; jk"Vªh; xks"Bh dk vk;kstu fnukad 21&22 vDVwcj] 2011 dks egkfo|ky; ifjlj esa fd;k x;kA mn~?kkVu dk;ZØe ds eq[; vfrfFk mŸkjk[k.M eqDr fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr izks0 fou; dqekj ikBd us vius lacks/ku esa f'k{kk O;oLFkk lq/kkjus gsrq csgrj 'kks/k dh t:jr ij tksj fn;kA lkFk gh crk;k fd uksV~l vkSj iqjLrdksa ls vf/kd 'kks/ki=ksa] lsehukj vkSj laxksf"B;ksa ds ek/;e ls f'k{kk dks xq.koDrkijd cuk;k tk ldrk gSA fof'k"V vfrfFk vkbZ0vkbZ0Vh0 :M+dh ds izks0 ch0ds0 dfV;kj us cnyrs

:Yl vkWQ eSFkkesfVdYk ,.M fQftdy lkbal bu bathfu;fjax ,.M VSDuksykWth uked nks fnolh; jk"Vªh; xks"Bh dk vk;kstu

izkS|ksfxdh esa bu fo"k;ksa dh Hkwfedk fo'ks"k LFkku j[krh gS] vkSj bl izdkj ds vk;kstuksa ls 'kks/kjr o v/;;ujr Nk=ksa dk mRlkg ,oa ftKklk c<+rh gSA nks fnolh; xks"Bh esa 80 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa us vius 'kks/k i= izLrqr fd,A dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 150 yksxksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

NBoha jkT; foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstuNBoha jkT; Lrjh; foKku dkaxsl fnukad 14&16 uoEcj] 2011 dks dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+k esa vk;ksftr dh xbZZA vk;kstu dk mn~ns'; mŸkjk[k.M esa fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij ;qok oSKkfudksa }kjk fd, x, 'kks/k dk;ksZa dk izLrqfrdj.k ,oa muesa ijLij leUo; rFkk 'kks/kdrkZvksa }kjk fd, tk jgs iz;ksxksa

dk fo'ks"kKksa }kjk ewY;kadu djuk gS ftlls ;qok mRd`"B ;qok oSKkfudksa dks igpku fey ldsA jkT; Lrjh; foKku dkaxzsl esa 340 'kks/kkfZFkZ;ksa@oSKkfudksa }kjk muds 'kks/k dk;ksZa ij 'kks/k i= i<+s x, rFkk 41 mRd`"B 'kks/k i= izLrqrdrkZ oSKkfudksa dks iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA bl volj ij fo'ks"k iqjLdkj ds :i esa o"kZ] 2011 dk

mRd`"V vUos"kd iqjLdkj Hkh iznku fd;k x;kA dkaxzsl esa rhu oSKkfudksa MkW0 vkj0lh0 Hkq/kkuh] funs'kd] jk"Vªh; HkkSfrdh iz;ksx'kkyk] ubZ fnYyh ¼HkkSfrdh foKku½] Jh th0,l0 jkSrsyk] egkfuns'kd] jk"Vªh; foKku laxzgky; ifj"kn] dksydRrk ¼foKku yksdO;kihdj.k½ rFkk MkW0 th0lh0 tks'kh] HkwriwoZ izksQslj] xf.kr foHkkx] vkbZ0vkbZ0Vh0 ckEcs] eqEcbZ ¼xf.kr½ foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ds fy, vfr fof'k"V iqjLdkj ls uoktk x;kA o"kZ 2011 dk mRd`"V foKku f'k{kd iqjLdkj Jh vyd ukjk;.k nqcs] jktdh; mPprj ek/;fed fo|ky; vkxj] fVgjh x<+oky dks fn;k x;kA Jh nqcs dks NASI BEST SCIENCE

TEACHER AWARD ds :Ik esa :0 10]000@& udn o iz'kfLr i= ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

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fn;kA mUgksaus gkbfczM fMxzh dh vo/kkj.kk ykxw djus ij tksj nsrs gq, dgk fd blls foKku ds izfr vfHk:fp esa btkQk gksxkA dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr izks0 oh0ih0 vjksM+k us vius lacks/ku esa crk;k fd bl rjg ds vk;kstuksa dks izksRlkfgr fd;k tk,xkA vkbZ0vkbZ0Vh0 dkuiqj ds izks0 ,l0,l0 ljdkj us dkcZu dh mi;ksfxrk ij

O;k[;ku fn;kA fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 Mh0,l0 jkor us izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ls vkS"kf/k fuekZ.k dh mi;ksfxrk ij cy fn;kA th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iaruxj ds izks0 ,0ds0 iar us okuLifrd ,oa jlk;fud ifjorZukas ij O;k[;ku fn;kA dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 100 yksxksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

i;kZoj.kh; ifjos'k o c<+rh vkinkvksa esa vfHk;kaf=dh o izkS|ksfxdh dk ;ksxnku dks vge crk;kA lekiu lekjksg ds eq[; vfrfFk dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 ,p0,l0 /kkeh us 21oha lnh esa xf.kr o HkkSfrdh ds egRo ij izdk'k Mkyrs gq, dgk fd vfHk;kaf=dh o

ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuifj"kn rFkk th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 01 vDVwcj] 2011 dks :nziqj esa fd;k x;kA bl dk;Z'kkyk dk eq[; mn~ns'; tuin m/keflaguxj esa O;kIr] lw{e] y?kq o e/;e m|ksxksa esa

ifj"kn ,oa lkslkbVh vkWQ ikWY;w'ku ,.M ,Uok;jesaVy datosZa'ku lkbafVLV ¼LiSDl½] nsgjknwu ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa ,ybZMh ykbV fuekZ.k izf'k{k.k f'kfoj dk vk;kstu fnukad 09&15 vDVwcj] 2011 dks ftyk dkjkxkj] nsgjknwu esa fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr ckal ij fofHkUu vkd`fr;ksa dh ltkoVh ,ybZMh ;qDr ykbZVl fuekZ.k] ykbZV ds lfdZVksa dk fuekZ.k] ,ybZMh cYcksa dh xq.koŸkk tkap vkfn ds ckjs esa izf'k{k.k fn;k x;k ftlesa ftyk dkjkxkj ds 20 cafn;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA dk;ZØe dk

lkbal vkÅVjhp izksxzke dk vk;kstuifj"kn] ts0,u0lh0,s0,l0vkj0] cSaxyksj] n'kkSyh xzke LojkT; e.My] xksis'oj rFkk fgeky;u xzke fodkl lfefr] xaxksyhgkV] fiFkkSjkx<+ ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa lkabl vkÅVfjp izksxke dk vk;kstu 08 ls 15 vDVwcj] 2011 dks fiFkkSjkx<+ ,oa xksis'oj esa fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe esa ts0,u0lh0,s0,l0vkj0] cSaxyksj ds iz[;kr oSKkfud izks0 ds0,l0 ofYn;k rFkk izks0 mn; dqekj jaxk lfgr th0ch0 iUr d`f"k fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 ch0Mh0 y[kpkSjk] izks0 ,p0,e0 vxzoky] izks0 ,0ds0 iar] izks0 ih0,l0 egj] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 th0,l0 fo"V] ,p0,p0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky; ds izks0 ,e0ih0,l0 fc"V rFkk varfj{k mi;ksx dsUnz] vgenkckn ds Mk0 uohu tq;ky us izfrHkkx dj Nk=&Nk=kvksa] foKku v/;kidksa RkFkk lkekftd {ks= ds tqMs+ yksxksa dks foKku laca/kh egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh rFkk yksdfiz; O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;ZØe ls 160 yksx ykHkkfUor gq,A

ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj lEcU/kh fo"k; ij tkx:drk dk izpkj izlkj FkkA vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; vfrfFk th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr izks0 ch0,l0 fc"V FksA dk;Z'kkyk esa ,e0,l0,e0bZ0 ¼MSME½ {ks= ls vk;s yxHkx 92 izfrHkkxh m|eh ykHkkfUor gq;sA

ftyk dkjkxkj] nsgjknwu esa Lojkstxkj dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu

lekiu 15 vDVwcj dks fd;k x;kA lekiu lekjksg esa vius lacks/ku esa Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky] egkfuns'kd] ;wdkWLV us ,ybZMh ykbZV dh Hkfo"; esa mi;ksfxrk ds ckjs esa le>k;kA bl izdkj ds dk;ZØe cafn;ksa ds fy, Lojkstxkj ds ekxZ [kksysxsaA Jh ch0ih0 ik.Ms] tsy v/kh{kd us crk;k fd ;g dk;ZØe cafn;ksa ds csgrj Hkfo"; esa ennxkj gksxkA izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe ds rgr 50 ls Hkh vf/kd ;wfuV ,ybZMh ykbZV dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA

bejftax psat bu dsesLVªh&ck;ksykWth baVjQsl dkaÝsal dk vk;kstuifj"kn rFkk dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] uSuhrky ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa mijksDr dkaÝsal dk vk;kstu fo'ofo|ky; ifjlj ds gfeZVst Hkou esa fnukad 03&05 uoEcj] 2011 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe dk 'kqHkkjaHk djrs gq, eq[; vfrfFk ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us jkT; esa foKku dh laLd`fr fodflr djus ij tksj

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ifj"kn ,oa jktdh; egkfo|ky; d.kZiz;kx] peksyh ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa mijksDr nks fnolh; jk"Vªh; xks"Bh dk vk;kstu fnukad 21&22 vDVwcj] 2011 dks egkfo|ky; ifjlj esa fd;k x;kA mn~?kkVu dk;ZØe ds eq[; vfrfFk mŸkjk[k.M eqDr fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr izks0 fou; dqekj ikBd us vius lacks/ku esa f'k{kk O;oLFkk lq/kkjus gsrq csgrj 'kks/k dh t:jr ij tksj fn;kA lkFk gh crk;k fd uksV~l vkSj iqjLrdksa ls vf/kd 'kks/ki=ksa] lsehukj vkSj laxksf"B;ksa ds ek/;e ls f'k{kk dks xq.koDrkijd cuk;k tk ldrk gSA fof'k"V vfrfFk vkbZ0vkbZ0Vh0 :M+dh ds izks0 ch0ds0 dfV;kj us cnyrs

:Yl vkWQ eSFkkesfVdYk ,.M fQftdy lkbal bu bathfu;fjax ,.M VSDuksykWth uked nks fnolh; jk"Vªh; xks"Bh dk vk;kstu

izkS|ksfxdh esa bu fo"k;ksa dh Hkwfedk fo'ks"k LFkku j[krh gS] vkSj bl izdkj ds vk;kstuksa ls 'kks/kjr o v/;;ujr Nk=ksa dk mRlkg ,oa ftKklk c<+rh gSA nks fnolh; xks"Bh esa 80 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa us vius 'kks/k i= izLrqr fd,A dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 150 yksxksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

NBoha jkT; foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstuNBoha jkT; Lrjh; foKku dkaxsl fnukad 14&16 uoEcj] 2011 dks dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+k esa vk;ksftr dh xbZZA vk;kstu dk mn~ns'; mŸkjk[k.M esa fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij ;qok oSKkfudksa }kjk fd, x, 'kks/k dk;ksZa dk izLrqfrdj.k ,oa muesa ijLij leUo; rFkk 'kks/kdrkZvksa }kjk fd, tk jgs iz;ksxksa

dk fo'ks"kKksa }kjk ewY;kadu djuk gS ftlls ;qok mRd`"B ;qok oSKkfudksa dks igpku fey ldsA jkT; Lrjh; foKku dkaxzsl esa 340 'kks/kkfZFkZ;ksa@oSKkfudksa }kjk muds 'kks/k dk;ksZa ij 'kks/k i= i<+s x, rFkk 41 mRd`"B 'kks/k i= izLrqrdrkZ oSKkfudksa dks iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA bl volj ij fo'ks"k iqjLdkj ds :i esa o"kZ] 2011 dk

mRd`"V vUos"kd iqjLdkj Hkh iznku fd;k x;kA dkaxzsl esa rhu oSKkfudksa MkW0 vkj0lh0 Hkq/kkuh] funs'kd] jk"Vªh; HkkSfrdh iz;ksx'kkyk] ubZ fnYyh ¼HkkSfrdh foKku½] Jh th0,l0 jkSrsyk] egkfuns'kd] jk"Vªh; foKku laxzgky; ifj"kn] dksydRrk ¼foKku yksdO;kihdj.k½ rFkk MkW0 th0lh0 tks'kh] HkwriwoZ izksQslj] xf.kr foHkkx] vkbZ0vkbZ0Vh0 ckEcs] eqEcbZ ¼xf.kr½ foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ds fy, vfr fof'k"V iqjLdkj ls uoktk x;kA o"kZ 2011 dk mRd`"V foKku f'k{kd iqjLdkj Jh vyd ukjk;.k nqcs] jktdh; mPprj ek/;fed fo|ky; vkxj] fVgjh x<+oky dks fn;k x;kA Jh nqcs dks NASI BEST SCIENCE

TEACHER AWARD ds :Ik esa :0 10]000@& udn o iz'kfLr i= ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

24 25

ekSf[kdØ0la0 ladk; iqjLd`r izfrHkkxh

1- d`f"k foKku 'kSysUnz dqekj oekZ] Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku :M+dhA ds0ds0 feJk] foosdkuUnk ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+kA

2- tSo izkS|ksfxdh] tSo jlk;u yfyr fxjh] th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k ,oa fodkl ,oa lw{e tSfodh laLFkku] dkslh dVkjey] vYeksM+kA

iq'kik yksgkuh] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; iUruxjA

3- ouLifr foKku fnIrh oekZ] nsokLFkyh fo|kfiB] ykyiqj] fdPNk jksM+] :nziqjA

4- jlk;u foKku f'kizk ukxj] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA jsuq ykslkyh] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+kAizoh.k vksfu;y] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA

5- i`Foh foKku lg Hkw&foKku] Hkw&HkkSfrdh ,l0 rjQnkj] th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k ,oa fodkl laLFkku] x<+oky ;wfuV] Jhuxj x<+okyA

6- vfHk;kfU=dh foKku ,oa rduhdh eerk eSVoky] th0ch0 bUthfu;fjax dkWyst] ?kqjnkSM+h] ikSM+h x<+okyAlfpu ch0 dne] Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku :M+dhA

7- i;kZoj.k foKku ,oa okfudh ique usxh] nwu fo'ofo|ky;] nsgjknwuAjhuk ldykuh] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA

8- x`g foKku lg oL=] Hkkstu] feuk{kh iar] gseorh uUnu cgqxq.kk x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;]iks"k.k ,oa cky fodkl Jhuxj] x<+okayA

fo|k dqekjh] ,l0oh0 jktdh; LukrdksRrj dkWyst] yksgk?kkV] pEikorA

9- inkFkZ ,oa lw{ed.k foKku xfjek fc"V] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

10- xf.kr] lkaf[;dh rFkk dEI;wVj foKku gseyrk ik.Ms] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+kA

11- fpfdRlk foKku ,oa vkS"k/kh; foKku vfHk"ksd ekFkqj] nso Hkwfe xzqi vkWQ bUVhVwlUl] nsgjknwuAxhrk ikBd] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA

12- HkkSfrd foKku eukst dqekj ikjl] Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku :M+dhAgseorh uUnu] xq:dqy dkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky;] gfj}kjA

13- foKku ,oa lekt@foKku yksdO;kihdj.k fnO;k flag] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjAeukst lqfUnz;ky] nwu fo'ofo|ky;] nsgjknwuA

14- i'kq fpfdRlk ,oa i'kqikyu foKku fjpk >k] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjAlq/khj dqekj] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

15- tUrq foKku 'kkft;k d;wflu] Hkkjrh; outho laLFkku] nsgjknwuAtxohj flag] gseorh uUnu cgqxq.kk x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkghFkkSy] fVgjhA

iksLVjØ0la0 ladk; iqjLd`r izfrHkkxh

1- d`f"k foKku iqtk :vkjh] foosdkuUnk ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+kAxhrkatyh Hkaxkjh] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; iUruxjA

2- tSo izkS|ksfxdh] tSo jlk;u Lkk/kuk flag] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; iUruxjA,oa lw{e tSfodh lqfer iqjksfgr] th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k ,oa fodkl laLFkku]

dkslh dVkjey] vYeksM+kA

xr o"kZ dh Hkkafr bl o"kZ Hkh foKku dkaxzsl esa ifj"kn }kjk uklh yksdfiz; O;k[;ku dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftlesa in~eJh izks0 ykyth flag]

dqyifr] cukjl fgUnq fo'ofo|ky;] okjk.kklh ,oa HkwriwoZ funs'kd] lh0lh0,e0ch0] gSnjkckn }kjk "Genetic Diversity in Indian

Populations and its Health

Implications" uked fo"k; ij yksdfiz; O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA

iqjLd`r ;qok oSKkfudksa dh lwph fuEu izdkj gS %&

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

3- ouLifr foKku vk'kh"k ik.Ms] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] Hkherky dSEil] HkherkyA

4- jlk;u foKku yfyr eksgu] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] Mh0,l0ch0 dSEil] uSuhrkyA'kgjkt vyh] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] Mh0,l0ch0 dSEil] uSuhrkyA

5- vfHk;kfU=dh foKku ,oa rduhdh ;'kq 'kadj] th0ch0 bUthfu;fjax dkWyst] ?kqjnkSM+h] ikSM+h x<+okyA

6- x`g foKku lg oL=] Hkkstu] lqtkrk 'kekZ] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjAiks'k.k ,oa cky fodkl vfurk jkuh] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

7- fpfdRlk foKku ,oa vkS'k/kh; foKku v;kl Qk:d] th0vkbZ0,l0 bUlVhVw;V vkWQ izksQslUy LVMhl] nsgjknwuA

8- HkkSfrd foKku fiz;adk vjksM+k] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] uSuhrkyA

9- i'kq fpfdRlk ,oa i'kqikyu foKku izdk'k HkVV~] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

10- tUrq foKku gksf'k;kj flag] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+kA

Ø0la0 ladk; iqjLd`r izfrHkkxh

1- vUos"k.k c`teksgu 'kekZ] lkslkbVh vkWQ ikSywlUl ,.M bUokjesUVy dUlZos'ku lkbafVLV ¼LiSDl½ nsgjknwuA

vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

ifj"kn] izkS|ksfxdh lwpuk] iwokZuqeku ,oa ewY;kdau ifj"kn ¼VkbZQSd½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk vkj0lh0;w0 jktdh; ih0th0 dkWyst] mŸkjdk'kh ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa dkWyst ifjlj esa vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 24 uoEcj] 2011 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe dk mn~?kkVu] eq[; vfrfFk] Jh v{kr xqIrk] ftykf/kdkjh] mŸkjdk'kh us fd;kA mUgksaus vkbZ0ih0vkj0 ds vius vuqHkoksa ls mifLFkr yksxksa dks voxr djk;k lkFk gh dkWyst ifjlj esa vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dYc dh LFkkiuk gsrq ljdkj ls foRrh; lgk;rk dk vk'olku Hkh fn;kA fof'k"B vfrfFk ds :i esa Mk0 lankuUn MSV] iqfyl v/kh{kd] mŸkjdk'kh mifLFkr FksA

mUgksaus crk;k fd bl izdkj ds dk;ZØe fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vR;Ur vko';d gSA ifj"kn ds ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh ,oa izHkkjh] ih0vkbZ0lh0 lsUVj] Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky us ih0vkbZ0lh0 lsUVj rFkk ifj"kn ds dk;ksZ dh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;Z'kkyk ds izFke rduhdh l= esa Jh Vh0 pUnz'ks[kj] funs'kd] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Introduction to IPR and Some Case

Studies" rFkk Jh vkj0ih0 ;kno] isVSUV ,Vksjuh "Novelty and

Inventiveness in Patents" fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds f}rh; l= esa Mk0 m"kk jko] isVsUV vkWQhlj] isVsUV vkfQl] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting Systems in India"

fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;kA dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 100 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

ifj"kn] izkS|ksfxdh lwpuk] iwokZuqeku ,oa ewY;kdau ifj"kn ¼VkbZQSd½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk ,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkgh FkkSy] fVgjh x<+oky ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 26 uoEcj] 2011 dks dkWyst ifjlj esa fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe ds mn~?kkVu Mk0 ih0,l0 fc"V] Mhu] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] fgy dSEil] jkuhpkSjh us fd;kA mUgksaus d`f"k foKku ls lacfU/kr vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dh tkudkjh ls izfrHkkfx;ksa dks voxr djk;kA ,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkgh FkkSy] fVgjh x<+oky ds funs'kd] Mk0 Mh0 dSUrqjk] phQ izksDVj Mk0 vkj0lh0 jeksyk rFkk ifj"kn ds ofj"B oSKkfud

24 25

ekSf[kdØ0la0 ladk; iqjLd`r izfrHkkxh

1- d`f"k foKku 'kSysUnz dqekj oekZ] Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku :M+dhA ds0ds0 feJk] foosdkuUnk ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+kA

2- tSo izkS|ksfxdh] tSo jlk;u yfyr fxjh] th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k ,oa fodkl ,oa lw{e tSfodh laLFkku] dkslh dVkjey] vYeksM+kA

iq'kik yksgkuh] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; iUruxjA

3- ouLifr foKku fnIrh oekZ] nsokLFkyh fo|kfiB] ykyiqj] fdPNk jksM+] :nziqjA

4- jlk;u foKku f'kizk ukxj] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA jsuq ykslkyh] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+kAizoh.k vksfu;y] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA

5- i`Foh foKku lg Hkw&foKku] Hkw&HkkSfrdh ,l0 rjQnkj] th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k ,oa fodkl laLFkku] x<+oky ;wfuV] Jhuxj x<+okyA

6- vfHk;kfU=dh foKku ,oa rduhdh eerk eSVoky] th0ch0 bUthfu;fjax dkWyst] ?kqjnkSM+h] ikSM+h x<+okyAlfpu ch0 dne] Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku :M+dhA

7- i;kZoj.k foKku ,oa okfudh ique usxh] nwu fo'ofo|ky;] nsgjknwuAjhuk ldykuh] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA

8- x`g foKku lg oL=] Hkkstu] feuk{kh iar] gseorh uUnu cgqxq.kk x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;]iks"k.k ,oa cky fodkl Jhuxj] x<+okayA

fo|k dqekjh] ,l0oh0 jktdh; LukrdksRrj dkWyst] yksgk?kkV] pEikorA

9- inkFkZ ,oa lw{ed.k foKku xfjek fc"V] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

10- xf.kr] lkaf[;dh rFkk dEI;wVj foKku gseyrk ik.Ms] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+kA

11- fpfdRlk foKku ,oa vkS"k/kh; foKku vfHk"ksd ekFkqj] nso Hkwfe xzqi vkWQ bUVhVwlUl] nsgjknwuAxhrk ikBd] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwuA

12- HkkSfrd foKku eukst dqekj ikjl] Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku :M+dhAgseorh uUnu] xq:dqy dkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky;] gfj}kjA

13- foKku ,oa lekt@foKku yksdO;kihdj.k fnO;k flag] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjAeukst lqfUnz;ky] nwu fo'ofo|ky;] nsgjknwuA

14- i'kq fpfdRlk ,oa i'kqikyu foKku fjpk >k] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjAlq/khj dqekj] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

15- tUrq foKku 'kkft;k d;wflu] Hkkjrh; outho laLFkku] nsgjknwuAtxohj flag] gseorh uUnu cgqxq.kk x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkghFkkSy] fVgjhA

iksLVjØ0la0 ladk; iqjLd`r izfrHkkxh

1- d`f"k foKku iqtk :vkjh] foosdkuUnk ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+kAxhrkatyh Hkaxkjh] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; iUruxjA

2- tSo izkS|ksfxdh] tSo jlk;u Lkk/kuk flag] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky; iUruxjA,oa lw{e tSfodh lqfer iqjksfgr] th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k ,oa fodkl laLFkku]

dkslh dVkjey] vYeksM+kA

xr o"kZ dh Hkkafr bl o"kZ Hkh foKku dkaxzsl esa ifj"kn }kjk uklh yksdfiz; O;k[;ku dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftlesa in~eJh izks0 ykyth flag]

dqyifr] cukjl fgUnq fo'ofo|ky;] okjk.kklh ,oa HkwriwoZ funs'kd] lh0lh0,e0ch0] gSnjkckn }kjk "Genetic Diversity in Indian

Populations and its Health

Implications" uked fo"k; ij yksdfiz; O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA

iqjLd`r ;qok oSKkfudksa dh lwph fuEu izdkj gS %&

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

3- ouLifr foKku vk'kh"k ik.Ms] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] Hkherky dSEil] HkherkyA

4- jlk;u foKku yfyr eksgu] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] Mh0,l0ch0 dSEil] uSuhrkyA'kgjkt vyh] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] Mh0,l0ch0 dSEil] uSuhrkyA

5- vfHk;kfU=dh foKku ,oa rduhdh ;'kq 'kadj] th0ch0 bUthfu;fjax dkWyst] ?kqjnkSM+h] ikSM+h x<+okyA

6- x`g foKku lg oL=] Hkkstu] lqtkrk 'kekZ] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjAiks'k.k ,oa cky fodkl vfurk jkuh] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

7- fpfdRlk foKku ,oa vkS'k/kh; foKku v;kl Qk:d] th0vkbZ0,l0 bUlVhVw;V vkWQ izksQslUy LVMhl] nsgjknwuA

8- HkkSfrd foKku fiz;adk vjksM+k] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] uSuhrkyA

9- i'kq fpfdRlk ,oa i'kqikyu foKku izdk'k HkVV~] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxjA

10- tUrq foKku gksf'k;kj flag] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] vYeksM+kA

Ø0la0 ladk; iqjLd`r izfrHkkxh

1- vUos"k.k c`teksgu 'kekZ] lkslkbVh vkWQ ikSywlUl ,.M bUokjesUVy dUlZos'ku lkbafVLV ¼LiSDl½ nsgjknwuA

vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

ifj"kn] izkS|ksfxdh lwpuk] iwokZuqeku ,oa ewY;kdau ifj"kn ¼VkbZQSd½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk vkj0lh0;w0 jktdh; ih0th0 dkWyst] mŸkjdk'kh ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa dkWyst ifjlj esa vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 24 uoEcj] 2011 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe dk mn~?kkVu] eq[; vfrfFk] Jh v{kr xqIrk] ftykf/kdkjh] mŸkjdk'kh us fd;kA mUgksaus vkbZ0ih0vkj0 ds vius vuqHkoksa ls mifLFkr yksxksa dks voxr djk;k lkFk gh dkWyst ifjlj esa vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dYc dh LFkkiuk gsrq ljdkj ls foRrh; lgk;rk dk vk'olku Hkh fn;kA fof'k"B vfrfFk ds :i esa Mk0 lankuUn MSV] iqfyl v/kh{kd] mŸkjdk'kh mifLFkr FksA

mUgksaus crk;k fd bl izdkj ds dk;ZØe fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vR;Ur vko';d gSA ifj"kn ds ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh ,oa izHkkjh] ih0vkbZ0lh0 lsUVj] Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky us ih0vkbZ0lh0 lsUVj rFkk ifj"kn ds dk;ksZ dh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;Z'kkyk ds izFke rduhdh l= esa Jh Vh0 pUnz'ks[kj] funs'kd] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Introduction to IPR and Some Case

Studies" rFkk Jh vkj0ih0 ;kno] isVSUV ,Vksjuh "Novelty and

Inventiveness in Patents" fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds f}rh; l= esa Mk0 m"kk jko] isVsUV vkWQhlj] isVsUV vkfQl] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting Systems in India"

fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;kA dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 100 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

ifj"kn] izkS|ksfxdh lwpuk] iwokZuqeku ,oa ewY;kdau ifj"kn ¼VkbZQSd½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk ,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkgh FkkSy] fVgjh x<+oky ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 26 uoEcj] 2011 dks dkWyst ifjlj esa fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe ds mn~?kkVu Mk0 ih0,l0 fc"V] Mhu] th0ch0 iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] fgy dSEil] jkuhpkSjh us fd;kA mUgksaus d`f"k foKku ls lacfU/kr vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dh tkudkjh ls izfrHkkfx;ksa dks voxr djk;kA ,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] ,l0vkj0Vh0 dSEil] ckn'kkgh FkkSy] fVgjh x<+oky ds funs'kd] Mk0 Mh0 dSUrqjk] phQ izksDVj Mk0 vkj0lh0 jeksyk rFkk ifj"kn ds ofj"B oSKkfud

26 27

vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 lsUVj dh f}rh; LVsfjax desVh cSBd dk vk;kstuifj"kn }kjk fnukad 01-12-2011 dks ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh f}rh; LVsfjax desVh (Steering Committee) dh cSBd dk vk;kstu dk;kZy; lHkkxkj esa fd;k x;kA cSBd dh v/;{krk Jh vkj0 lkgk] HkwriwoZ funs'kd] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh }kjk dh x;hA cSBd esa Mk0 jktsUæ MksHkky] egkfuns'kd] foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] mRrjk[k.M nsgjknwu] Jh0 v'kksd dqekj] mi funs'kd] lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e ea=ky;] gY}kuh] bZ0 ;'koUr nso iaokj] eq[; oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh ,oa Jh iadt xqIrk] v/;{k] vkbZ0,0;w0] mRrjk[k.M nsgjknwu }kjk izfrHkkx fd;k x;kA

vf/kdkjh ,oa izHkkjh] ih0vkbZ0lh0 lsUVj] Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky us Hkh izfrHkkfx;ksa dks vU; tkudkfj;ksa ls voxr djk;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds rduhdh l= esa Mk0 vkj0ds0 pkS/kjh] HkwriwoZ vkS0,l0Mh0] lhM VSDuksykWth fMohtu] vkbZ0,0vkj0vkbZ0] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting

India", Jh okbZ0Mh0 iaokj] eq[; oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh

and Plant Protection in

}kjk "Basics of Intellectual Property

Rights", Mk0 m"kk jko] isVsUV vkWQhlj] isVsUV vkfQl] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting Systems in India" rFkk Jh vkj0ih0 ;kno] isVSUV ,Vksjuh "Novelty

and Inventiveness in Patents" fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 100 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

blds vfrfjDr ifj"kn }kjk ekg tqykbZ 2011 esa nks vU; vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu izkS|ksfxdh lwpuk] iwokZuqeku ,oa ewY;kdau ifj"kn ¼VkbZQSd½] ubZ fnYyh ds lg;ksx ls jktdh; ih0th0 dkWyst] yksgk?kkV] paikor rFkk uSuhrky fo'ofo|ky;] Hkherky ifjlj] Hkherky esa fd;k x;kA

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstuifj"kn] jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn] ubZ fnYyh rFkk ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½ ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu fnukad 28 uoEcj] 2011 dks jktho xka/kh uoksn; fo|ky;] nsgjknwu esa fd;k x;kA dkaxszsl dk 'kqHkkajHk djrs gq, ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us crk;k fd cPpksa esa oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k fodflr djus dh

vko';drk gSA mUgksaus lHkh tuinksa ls vkbZ Vheksa ls vkg~oku fd;k fd og foKku dk iz;ksx ekuo dY;k.k ds fy, djsaA cky foKku dkaxzsl ds leUo;d Mk0 v'kksd dqekj iar us crk;k fd jkT; Lrj ij 139 Vhesa bl dkaxzsl esa izfrHkkx dj jgh gSA bl o"kZ dk fo"k; Hkwfe lalk/ku% le`f) ds fy, iz;ksx djsa & Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk,a gSaA bl o"kZ eq[; fo"k; ds lkFk N% mifo"k; Hkh 'kkfey fd, x;sa gS ftlesa

viuh Hkwfe dks tkuks] Hkwfe ds dk;Z] Hkwfe ds xq.k] Hkwfe ij ekuo gLr{ksi] Hkwfe lalk/kuksa dk nh?kZdkfyd mi;ksx] Hkwfe iz;ksx gsrq lkeqnkf;d Kku fu/kkZfjr fd;s x;sA dkaxzsl esa 150 p;fur Nk=&Nk=kvksa }kjk 'kks/ki= izLrqr fd;s x;sA foKku lapkj ds {ks= esa ;ksxnku ds fy, igy }kjk Mh0vkj0Mh0vks0 ds lsokfuo`r oSKkfud th0ds0 'kekZ dks lkabl dE;qfuds'ku vokMZ fn;k x;kA

cSBd esa ifjppkZ ls ;g fu.kZ; lkeus vk;k fd mŸkjk[k.M jkT; esa vkS|ksfxdh la?k ,oa foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn ds chp vPNs lkeatL; ds pyrs m|ksxksa ds lg;ksx ls y?kq m|eksa rd ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ¼vkbZ0ih0vkj0½ dh tkudkjh igqapk;h tk ldrh gS ,oa m|ksxksa dks

blls gksus okys ykHkksa ds ckjs esa Hkh voxr djk;k tk ldrk gSA Hkfo"; esa vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 fo'ks"kdj y?kq m|ksxksa ij /;ku dsfUnzr djsxkA cSBd ds nkSjku Jh v'kksd dqekj] mi funs'kd] lw{e] y/kq ,oa e/;e m|e ea=ky;] gY}kuh us voxr djk;k fd lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ea=ky;

isVsUV izkIr gksus ds ckn :0 25 gtkj rd dh lcflMh Hkkjrh; isVsUV ds fy, ,oa :0 1-00 yk[k rd dh lcflMh vUrjkZ"Vªh; isVsUV ds fy, iznku djrk gSA lkFk gh fMtkbu ykxw gksus ds mijkUr ,e0,l0,e0bZ0 ea=ky; ml ij Hkh lcflMh miyC/k djk;sxkA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

iSVªksVsd 2010 dk lEkkiu lekjksg

ifj"kn ,oa vkW;y ,.M uspqjy xSl dkWjiksjs'ku ¼vks0,u0th0lh0½] ubZ fnYyh ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa iSVªksVsd&2010 dk;ZØe dk 'kqHkkajHk o"kZ 2010 esa fd;k x;kA bl dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr jkT; ds fofHkUu fo|ky;ksa@'kSf{kd laLFkkvksa@fo'ofo|ky;ksa dks fpfUgr dj o`{kkjksi.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftlesa izFke pj.k esa 5000 ikS/kksa dk jksi.k fd;k x;kA f}rh; pj.k esa bu ikS/kksa dk csgrj j[kj[kko] lqj{kk o lqUnjrk dk dk;Z rFkk desVh }kjk budh eksfUVfjax dk Hkh dk;Z fd;k tkuk FkkA rRi'pkr~ ns[kjs[k RkFkk j[kj[kko esa izFke] f}rh; ,oa r`rh; LFkku izkIr djus okys okys fo|ky;@'kSf{kd laLFkku@ fo'ofo|ky; dks iqjLd`r fd;k tkuk FkkA blh Øe esa fnukad 07-12-2011 dks iSVªksVsd&2010 dk;ZØe dk lekiu lekjksg dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA

,d vU; dk;ZØe ds rgr ifj"kn] foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh] mŸkjk[k.M ty laLFkku] nsgjknwu rFkk Mh0,0oh0 ih0th0 dkWyst] nsgjknwu ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa okVj DokyVh MkVk csl eSustesaV vku th0vkbZ0,l0 IysVQkeZ uked dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 07-12-2011 dks fd;k x;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; vfrfFk vks0,u0th0 ÅtkZ

dk;ZØe ds eq[; vfrfFk Mk0 Mh0,e0 dkys] egkfuns'kd] vks0,u0th0lh0 ÅtkZ dsUnz] ubZ fnYyh }kjk i;kZoj.k laj{k.k gsrq pyk;s tk jgs gfjr rduhdh ,oa ÅtkZ laj{k.k dk;ZØeksa ds ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh nh x;hA dk;ZØe ds fof'k"V vfrfFk izks0 fxfjts'k iar] dqyifr] nwu fo'ofo|ky; us i;kZoj.k laj{k.k esa 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa dh Hkwfedk ds ckjs esa voxr djk;kA fof'k"V vfrfFk Jh t;jkt] lnL; lfpo] mŸkjk[k.M i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ,oa iznw"k.k fu;a=.k cksMZ us ouksa dh lqj{kk ,oa i;kZoj.k dks lqjf{kr cukus gsrq fd;s tkus okys mik;ksa ls voxr djk;kA fof'k"V vfrfFk Mk0 ,l0,l0 usxh] funs'kd] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu us ouksa ds laj{k.k }kjk i;kZoj.k dks cpk;s tkus dh vihy vke turk ls dhA dk;ZØe ds lEekfur vfrfFk izks0 ,0,u0 iqjksfgr] HkwriwoZ dqyifr]

,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] Jhuxj }kjk i;kZoj.k laj{k.k gsrq gfjr rduhdh viukus] dkcZu U;wuhdj.k gsrq izkd`frd mik;ksa rFkk o`gn o`{kkjksi.k tSls dk;ZØeksa dk O;kid izpkj&izlkj ij izdk'k Mkyk x;kA dk;ZØe ds lEekfur vfrfFk bZ0 vkj0lh0 tSu] {ks=h; funs'kd] dsUnzh; Hkwfe ty ifj"kn~] nsgjknwu }kjk i;kZoj.k dks lqjf{kr cukus ,oa tyh; lalk/kuksa ds mfpr izcU/ku] nksgu rFkk ouksa dh lqj{kk ij tksj fn;kA dk;ZØe ds v/;{k] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky] egkfuns'kd] ;wdkWLV }kjk ÅtkZ laj{k.k] i;kZoj.k laj{k.k] ok;qe.My esa dkcZu U;wuhdj.k vkfn ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crk;kA o`{kkjksi.k dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr p;fur loZJs"B laLFkkuksa esa izFke LFkku] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu] f}rh; LFkku] jktho xka/kh uoksn; fo|ky;] nsgjknwu rFkk r`rh; LFkku xzkfQd ,jk fo'ofo|ky;] nsgjknwu dks izkIr gqvkA dk;ZØe esa fofHkUu 'kSf{kd laLFkkuksa ds yxHkx 150 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

dsUnz] ubZ fnYyh ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 Mh0,e0 dkys us thvkbZ,l rduhd }kjk ty xq.koDrk v/;;u fo"k; ij foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us crk;k fd ty L=ksarks dh xq.koŸkk dk v/;;u th0vkbZ0,l0 rduhd }kjk fd;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd mls vke yksxksa ds fy, mi;ksxh cuk;k tk ldsA Jhjke baLVhV~;wV ds la;qDr funs'kd]

Mk0 oh0 ds0 oekZ us eSfiax vkWQ vklsZfud vkWQ xzkmaM okVj bu fcgkj fo"k; ij fcgkj ds Hkwty esa vklsZfud dh mifLFkfr ij foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;Z'kkyk esa fofHkUu laLFkkvksa ds djhc 150 fo|kFkhZ] f'k{kdksa ,oa oSKkfudksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

26 27

vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 lsUVj dh f}rh; LVsfjax desVh cSBd dk vk;kstuifj"kn }kjk fnukad 01-12-2011 dks ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh f}rh; LVsfjax desVh (Steering Committee) dh cSBd dk vk;kstu dk;kZy; lHkkxkj esa fd;k x;kA cSBd dh v/;{krk Jh vkj0 lkgk] HkwriwoZ funs'kd] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh }kjk dh x;hA cSBd esa Mk0 jktsUæ MksHkky] egkfuns'kd] foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] mRrjk[k.M nsgjknwu] Jh0 v'kksd dqekj] mi funs'kd] lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e ea=ky;] gY}kuh] bZ0 ;'koUr nso iaokj] eq[; oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh ,oa Jh iadt xqIrk] v/;{k] vkbZ0,0;w0] mRrjk[k.M nsgjknwu }kjk izfrHkkx fd;k x;kA

vf/kdkjh ,oa izHkkjh] ih0vkbZ0lh0 lsUVj] Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky us Hkh izfrHkkfx;ksa dks vU; tkudkfj;ksa ls voxr djk;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds rduhdh l= esa Mk0 vkj0ds0 pkS/kjh] HkwriwoZ vkS0,l0Mh0] lhM VSDuksykWth fMohtu] vkbZ0,0vkj0vkbZ0] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting

India", Jh okbZ0Mh0 iaokj] eq[; oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] VkbZQSd] ubZ fnYyh

and Plant Protection in

}kjk "Basics of Intellectual Property

Rights", Mk0 m"kk jko] isVsUV vkWQhlj] isVsUV vkfQl] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting Systems in India" rFkk Jh vkj0ih0 ;kno] isVSUV ,Vksjuh "Novelty

and Inventiveness in Patents" fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;ZØe esa yxHkx 100 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

blds vfrfjDr ifj"kn }kjk ekg tqykbZ 2011 esa nks vU; vkbZ0ih0vkj0 dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu izkS|ksfxdh lwpuk] iwokZuqeku ,oa ewY;kdau ifj"kn ¼VkbZQSd½] ubZ fnYyh ds lg;ksx ls jktdh; ih0th0 dkWyst] yksgk?kkV] paikor rFkk uSuhrky fo'ofo|ky;] Hkherky ifjlj] Hkherky esa fd;k x;kA

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstuifj"kn] jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn] ubZ fnYyh rFkk ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½ ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu fnukad 28 uoEcj] 2011 dks jktho xka/kh uoksn; fo|ky;] nsgjknwu esa fd;k x;kA dkaxszsl dk 'kqHkkajHk djrs gq, ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us crk;k fd cPpksa esa oSKkfud n`f"Vdks.k fodflr djus dh

vko';drk gSA mUgksaus lHkh tuinksa ls vkbZ Vheksa ls vkg~oku fd;k fd og foKku dk iz;ksx ekuo dY;k.k ds fy, djsaA cky foKku dkaxzsl ds leUo;d Mk0 v'kksd dqekj iar us crk;k fd jkT; Lrj ij 139 Vhesa bl dkaxzsl esa izfrHkkx dj jgh gSA bl o"kZ dk fo"k; Hkwfe lalk/ku% le`f) ds fy, iz;ksx djsa & Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk,a gSaA bl o"kZ eq[; fo"k; ds lkFk N% mifo"k; Hkh 'kkfey fd, x;sa gS ftlesa

viuh Hkwfe dks tkuks] Hkwfe ds dk;Z] Hkwfe ds xq.k] Hkwfe ij ekuo gLr{ksi] Hkwfe lalk/kuksa dk nh?kZdkfyd mi;ksx] Hkwfe iz;ksx gsrq lkeqnkf;d Kku fu/kkZfjr fd;s x;sA dkaxzsl esa 150 p;fur Nk=&Nk=kvksa }kjk 'kks/ki= izLrqr fd;s x;sA foKku lapkj ds {ks= esa ;ksxnku ds fy, igy }kjk Mh0vkj0Mh0vks0 ds lsokfuo`r oSKkfud th0ds0 'kekZ dks lkabl dE;qfuds'ku vokMZ fn;k x;kA

cSBd esa ifjppkZ ls ;g fu.kZ; lkeus vk;k fd mŸkjk[k.M jkT; esa vkS|ksfxdh la?k ,oa foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn ds chp vPNs lkeatL; ds pyrs m|ksxksa ds lg;ksx ls y?kq m|eksa rd ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj ¼vkbZ0ih0vkj0½ dh tkudkjh igqapk;h tk ldrh gS ,oa m|ksxksa dks

blls gksus okys ykHkksa ds ckjs esa Hkh voxr djk;k tk ldrk gSA Hkfo"; esa vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 fo'ks"kdj y?kq m|ksxksa ij /;ku dsfUnzr djsxkA cSBd ds nkSjku Jh v'kksd dqekj] mi funs'kd] lw{e] y/kq ,oa e/;e m|e ea=ky;] gY}kuh us voxr djk;k fd lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ea=ky;

isVsUV izkIr gksus ds ckn :0 25 gtkj rd dh lcflMh Hkkjrh; isVsUV ds fy, ,oa :0 1-00 yk[k rd dh lcflMh vUrjkZ"Vªh; isVsUV ds fy, iznku djrk gSA lkFk gh fMtkbu ykxw gksus ds mijkUr ,e0,l0,e0bZ0 ea=ky; ml ij Hkh lcflMh miyC/k djk;sxkA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

iSVªksVsd 2010 dk lEkkiu lekjksg

ifj"kn ,oa vkW;y ,.M uspqjy xSl dkWjiksjs'ku ¼vks0,u0th0lh0½] ubZ fnYyh ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa iSVªksVsd&2010 dk;ZØe dk 'kqHkkajHk o"kZ 2010 esa fd;k x;kA bl dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr jkT; ds fofHkUu fo|ky;ksa@'kSf{kd laLFkkvksa@fo'ofo|ky;ksa dks fpfUgr dj o`{kkjksi.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftlesa izFke pj.k esa 5000 ikS/kksa dk jksi.k fd;k x;kA f}rh; pj.k esa bu ikS/kksa dk csgrj j[kj[kko] lqj{kk o lqUnjrk dk dk;Z rFkk desVh }kjk budh eksfUVfjax dk Hkh dk;Z fd;k tkuk FkkA rRi'pkr~ ns[kjs[k RkFkk j[kj[kko esa izFke] f}rh; ,oa r`rh; LFkku izkIr djus okys okys fo|ky;@'kSf{kd laLFkku@ fo'ofo|ky; dks iqjLd`r fd;k tkuk FkkA blh Øe esa fnukad 07-12-2011 dks iSVªksVsd&2010 dk;ZØe dk lekiu lekjksg dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA

,d vU; dk;ZØe ds rgr ifj"kn] foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh] mŸkjk[k.M ty laLFkku] nsgjknwu rFkk Mh0,0oh0 ih0th0 dkWyst] nsgjknwu ds la;qDr rRok/kku esa okVj DokyVh MkVk csl eSustesaV vku th0vkbZ0,l0 IysVQkeZ uked dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fnukad 07-12-2011 dks fd;k x;kA dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; vfrfFk vks0,u0th0 ÅtkZ

dk;ZØe ds eq[; vfrfFk Mk0 Mh0,e0 dkys] egkfuns'kd] vks0,u0th0lh0 ÅtkZ dsUnz] ubZ fnYyh }kjk i;kZoj.k laj{k.k gsrq pyk;s tk jgs gfjr rduhdh ,oa ÅtkZ laj{k.k dk;ZØeksa ds ckjs esa foLr`r tkudkjh nh x;hA dk;ZØe ds fof'k"V vfrfFk izks0 fxfjts'k iar] dqyifr] nwu fo'ofo|ky; us i;kZoj.k laj{k.k esa 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa dh Hkwfedk ds ckjs esa voxr djk;kA fof'k"V vfrfFk Jh t;jkt] lnL; lfpo] mŸkjk[k.M i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ,oa iznw"k.k fu;a=.k cksMZ us ouksa dh lqj{kk ,oa i;kZoj.k dks lqjf{kr cukus gsrq fd;s tkus okys mik;ksa ls voxr djk;kA fof'k"V vfrfFk Mk0 ,l0,l0 usxh] funs'kd] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu us ouksa ds laj{k.k }kjk i;kZoj.k dks cpk;s tkus dh vihy vke turk ls dhA dk;ZØe ds lEekfur vfrfFk izks0 ,0,u0 iqjksfgr] HkwriwoZ dqyifr]

,p0,u0ch0 x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] Jhuxj }kjk i;kZoj.k laj{k.k gsrq gfjr rduhdh viukus] dkcZu U;wuhdj.k gsrq izkd`frd mik;ksa rFkk o`gn o`{kkjksi.k tSls dk;ZØeksa dk O;kid izpkj&izlkj ij izdk'k Mkyk x;kA dk;ZØe ds lEekfur vfrfFk bZ0 vkj0lh0 tSu] {ks=h; funs'kd] dsUnzh; Hkwfe ty ifj"kn~] nsgjknwu }kjk i;kZoj.k dks lqjf{kr cukus ,oa tyh; lalk/kuksa ds mfpr izcU/ku] nksgu rFkk ouksa dh lqj{kk ij tksj fn;kA dk;ZØe ds v/;{k] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky] egkfuns'kd] ;wdkWLV }kjk ÅtkZ laj{k.k] i;kZoj.k laj{k.k] ok;qe.My esa dkcZu U;wuhdj.k vkfn ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crk;kA o`{kkjksi.k dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr p;fur loZJs"B laLFkkuksa esa izFke LFkku] ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu] f}rh; LFkku] jktho xka/kh uoksn; fo|ky;] nsgjknwu rFkk r`rh; LFkku xzkfQd ,jk fo'ofo|ky;] nsgjknwu dks izkIr gqvkA dk;ZØe esa fofHkUu 'kSf{kd laLFkkuksa ds yxHkx 150 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

dsUnz] ubZ fnYyh ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 Mh0,e0 dkys us thvkbZ,l rduhd }kjk ty xq.koDrk v/;;u fo"k; ij foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us crk;k fd ty L=ksarks dh xq.koŸkk dk v/;;u th0vkbZ0,l0 rduhd }kjk fd;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd mls vke yksxksa ds fy, mi;ksxh cuk;k tk ldsA Jhjke baLVhV~;wV ds la;qDr funs'kd]

Mk0 oh0 ds0 oekZ us eSfiax vkWQ vklsZfud vkWQ xzkmaM okVj bu fcgkj fo"k; ij fcgkj ds Hkwty esa vklsZfud dh mifLFkfr ij foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;Z'kkyk esa fofHkUu laLFkkvksa ds djhc 150 fo|kFkhZ] f'k{kdksa ,oa oSKkfudksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

28 29

mŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½

NBosa m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu mŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ ds foRrh; lg;ksx ls lh-,l-vkbZ-vkj- dsUnzh; vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/k ikS/kk laLFkku ¼lheSi½ }kjk vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr nks fnolh; m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu lheSi 'kks/k dsUnz] iqjkM+k] ckxs'oj mŸkjk[k.M esa fnukad 11&12

NBoha mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dkaxzsl esa ikap fopkj eaFku l=ksa dk vk;kstumŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½] nsgjknwu }kjk 14&16 uoEcj] 2011 dks dqekÅa fo'ofo|ky; ds ,l0,l0ts0 ifjlj]

vDVwcj] 2011 dks fd;k x;kA izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks esfMluy ,oa ,jkseSfVd IykaVl ds mPp Lrjh; d`f"kdj.k] izlaLdj.k ,oa xq.koRrk dh tkap vkSj vkfFkZd :i ls egRoiw.kZ eSfMfluy ,oa ,jkseSfVd IykaVl ds foi.ku ds ckjs esa izf'k{k.k fn;k x;kA

vYeksM+k esa lEiUu NBha mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku dk¡xzsl ds volj ij uoksfnr 'kks/kkfFZk;ksa dh foKku esa :fp mRiUu djus ,oa 'kks/k laca/kh tkudkjh

dks iznku djus gsrq fuEu fo"k;ksa ij lacaf/kr laLFkkvksa ds lg;ksx ls 05 fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij fopkj eaFku l=ksa dk lQy vk;kstu fd;k x;k &

fo"k; vk;kstu LFky

lkbal ,.M lkslkbVh mŸkjk[k.M lsok fuf/k i;kZoj.k f'k{k.k laLFkku] vYeksM+k

bfEtZx blwt fbu QkjsLVªh fjlpZ fbu fn fgeky;k th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k fodkl laLFkku] dkslh ekÅuVsaUl dVkjey] vYeksM+k

fgy ,xzhdYpj & Vª;LV fon psysUtsl ,.M fc;ksUM foosdkuUnk ioZrh; ,oa d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+k

eStlZ Vw ch Vsdu QkWj fn MsoyIesaV vkWQ esFksesfVdy xf.kr foHkkx] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] vYeksM+klkbalst fbu mŸkjk[k.M

MsoysIesaV vkWQ mŸkjk[k.M LVsV LikfV;y MkVk Hkwxksy foHkkx] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] vYeksM+kbUÝkLVªDpj ¼,l0Mh0vkbZ0½ QkWj fMlsUVªykbZTM xoZusal

^^lkbal ,.M lkslkbVh** fo"k; ij gq;s fopkj eaFku l= esa izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ds mi;ksx ,oa laj{k.k] ÅtkZ] ijEijkxr Kku] foosd rFkk vk/kqfud oSKkfud rdZlEerrk ds e/; ijLij leUo; ij fopkj foe'kZ fd;k x;kA

l= ds f}rh; fo"k; ^^bfEtZx blwt fbu QkjsLVªh fjlpZ fbu fn fgeky;k ekÅuVsaUl** ij vk;ksftr fopkj eaFku l= esa gfjr vkfFkZdh] ouifjfLFkrdh lsok;sa] ouksa ij tyok;q ifjorZu dk izHkko ,oa U;wuhdj.k uhfr] tSofofo/krk] thfodksiktZu] ij ppkZ dh xbZA

^^fgy ,xzhdYpj & Vª;LV fon psysUtsl ,.M fc;ksUM** fo"k; ds

vUrxZr iks"k.kh; d`f"k] ikjfLFkfrdh fodkl] d`f"k esa fofo/khdj.k] lalk/kuksa ds laj{k.k] lao/kZu rFkk n{krkiwoZd mi;ksx vkfn ij fopkj fd;k x;kA

^^eStlZ Vw ch Vsdu QkWj fn MsoyIesaV vkWQ esFksesfVdy lkbalst fbu mŸkjk[k.M** fo"k; ij ikB;dze iqujko`fRr] f'k{kdksa dk u;s ikBdze gsrq izf'k{k.k] mRd`"V 'kks/k dk;Zdzeksa dh LFkkiuk] f'k{kdksa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa gsrq vuqns'kkRed Ldwy] mDr dk;Zdzeksa ds lqpk: lapkyu gsrq ,d dsUnz dh LFkkiuk ij fopkj vkfn ij xgurkiwoZd eaFku fd;k x;kA

Ikakpos efLr"d eUFku l= esaas ^^MsoysIesaV vkWQ mŸkjk[k.M LVsV LikfV;y MkVk

bUÝkLVªDpj ¼,l0Mh0vkbZ0½ QkWj fMlsUVªykbZTM xoZusal** ds fo"k; ij fofHkUu fof'k"V oSKkfudksa ,oa fo'ofo|ky; ds f'k{kdksaa }kjk fopkj O;Dr fd;s x;sA fofHkUu l=ksa dk lekiu] l= esa lkewfgd ppkZ ,oa fopkj foe'kZ ds }kjk izk;ksftr flQkfj'kksa ds lkFk gqvkA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

Ikgy ds lekpkjIkgy

MkfoZu rq>s lyke! fFk;sVj 'kks ds ek/;e ls ;kn fd;k

egku izÑfr foKkuh dks

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds jkT; leUo;d MkŒ v'kksd dqekj iUr }kjk fFk;sVj 'kks ds ek/;e ls MkfoZu ds dk;ksZa dks izHkkoh rkSj ij izLrqr djus dh ifjdYiuk vc lkdkj gqbZ vkSj ^^MkfoZu ! rq>s lyke** 'kh'kZd ls rS;kj ;g VSDuks fFk;sVj 'kks ekg uoEcj esa fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij izLrqfr;kW nsrs gq, viuh vfeV Nki NksM+ x;kA LVst Iys dh fLØIV ewyr% izksŒ izHkkr miszsrh }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ vkSj laHko eap ds ;qok dykdkjksa }kjk bls c[kwch VSDuks Iys ds ek/;e ls eafpr fd;k x;kA eapu dk funsZ'ku Jh vfHk"ksd eSUnksyk us fd;kA MkfoZu! rq>s lyke us 01 ?k.Vk 15 feuV ds vf/kdre le; esa MkfoZu ds cpiu esa gh mlds izÑfr ,oa izkf.k;ksa ds izfr yxko ,oa xEHkhjrk] firk ds u pkgrs gq, Hkh viuh vfHk:fp esa lafyIr jguk rFkk izkÑfrd v/;;u dh vksj >qdko dks cgqr lqUnj <ax ls izLrqr fd;k gSA vxys pj.k esa ;qok MkfoZu dks izLrqr dj tokuh ds fnuksa easa Hkh izÑfr izseh cu vius /;s; ij tqVs

jguk] rfud Hkh fopfyr u gksuk] chxy tgkt ls yEch&yEch ;k=k,sa dj vius dk;Z dks vkxs c<k+rs jgus dh vkd"kZd izLrqfr nh xbZ gSA v/ksM+ mez esa MkfoZu dh izLrqfr vR;Ur gh ân;Li'khZ gSA MkfoZu ds ik= cus lat; xSjksyk] mudh iRuh ,sEek cuh gsek iUr mudh csVh ¼,suh½ dh ik= dqlqe iUr us MkfoZu ds thou dh O;Fkk dks ,sls izLrqr fd;k fd n'kZdksa dh vk[ksa vkWlw u jksd ldhaA /kkfeZd vkLFkkvksa ,oa izÑfr foKku dh O;k[;k]

vUrjtkrh; la?k"kZ] ;ksX;re dh mÙkjthfork] izkÑfrd oj.k tSls fo'kn dk;ksZa dks VSDuks Iys }kjk bruh de le; lhek esa izLrqr djuk fuf'pr rkSj ij vkd"kZd FkkA viuh o`)koLFkk dh vksj c<+rs&c<+rs] vius dk;ksZa dks lekt esa izLrqr djrs gq, /kkfeZd vkLFkkvksa ls tqMs+ O;fDr;ksa ;gk¡ rd fd dfri; rRdkyhu oSKkfudksaa ds fojks/k dk lkeuk djrs gq, vfMx jgs pkYlZ MkfoZu us bl 'kks esa pkj pk¡n yxk fn;sA 'kks ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa

fo'o dks foKku ds {ks= esa ,d ubZ lksp ,oa fn'kk nsus okys ,oa euq"; ds fodkl dh O;k[;k djus okys egku izÑfr foKkuh pkYlZ MkfoZu dh 200oha t;Urh o"kZ 2009 esa iw.kZ gqbZA bl egku nk'kfuZd ,oa izÑfr foKkuh ds thou ,oa muds }kjk fd;s x;s vf}rh; dk;Z dks lEekfur djus ds mn~ns'; ls ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½ }kjk igyh ckj ,d vfHkuo iz;kl fd;k x;kA fo|kfFkZ;ksa] f'k{kdkssa ,oa vke tuekul esa MkfoZu ds thou ,oa muds }kjk fn;s x;s fodklokn ds fl)kUr ,oa izkÑfrd oj.k ds fl)kUr dks le>us ds fy, fFk;sVj 'kks ds ek/;e ls ;g vuwBk iz;kl fd;k x;kA

28 29

mŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½

NBosa m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu mŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ ds foRrh; lg;ksx ls lh-,l-vkbZ-vkj- dsUnzh; vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/k ikS/kk laLFkku ¼lheSi½ }kjk vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr nks fnolh; m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu lheSi 'kks/k dsUnz] iqjkM+k] ckxs'oj mŸkjk[k.M esa fnukad 11&12

NBoha mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dkaxzsl esa ikap fopkj eaFku l=ksa dk vk;kstumŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½] nsgjknwu }kjk 14&16 uoEcj] 2011 dks dqekÅa fo'ofo|ky; ds ,l0,l0ts0 ifjlj]

vDVwcj] 2011 dks fd;k x;kA izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks esfMluy ,oa ,jkseSfVd IykaVl ds mPp Lrjh; d`f"kdj.k] izlaLdj.k ,oa xq.koRrk dh tkap vkSj vkfFkZd :i ls egRoiw.kZ eSfMfluy ,oa ,jkseSfVd IykaVl ds foi.ku ds ckjs esa izf'k{k.k fn;k x;kA

vYeksM+k esa lEiUu NBha mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku dk¡xzsl ds volj ij uoksfnr 'kks/kkfFZk;ksa dh foKku esa :fp mRiUu djus ,oa 'kks/k laca/kh tkudkjh

dks iznku djus gsrq fuEu fo"k;ksa ij lacaf/kr laLFkkvksa ds lg;ksx ls 05 fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij fopkj eaFku l=ksa dk lQy vk;kstu fd;k x;k &

fo"k; vk;kstu LFky

lkbal ,.M lkslkbVh mŸkjk[k.M lsok fuf/k i;kZoj.k f'k{k.k laLFkku] vYeksM+k

bfEtZx blwt fbu QkjsLVªh fjlpZ fbu fn fgeky;k th0ch0 iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k fodkl laLFkku] dkslh ekÅuVsaUl dVkjey] vYeksM+k

fgy ,xzhdYpj & Vª;LV fon psysUtsl ,.M fc;ksUM foosdkuUnk ioZrh; ,oa d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+k

eStlZ Vw ch Vsdu QkWj fn MsoyIesaV vkWQ esFksesfVdy xf.kr foHkkx] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] vYeksM+klkbalst fbu mŸkjk[k.M

MsoysIesaV vkWQ mŸkjk[k.M LVsV LikfV;y MkVk Hkwxksy foHkkx] ,l0,l0ts0 dSEil] dqekaÅ fo'ofo|ky;] vYeksM+kbUÝkLVªDpj ¼,l0Mh0vkbZ0½ QkWj fMlsUVªykbZTM xoZusal

^^lkbal ,.M lkslkbVh** fo"k; ij gq;s fopkj eaFku l= esa izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ds mi;ksx ,oa laj{k.k] ÅtkZ] ijEijkxr Kku] foosd rFkk vk/kqfud oSKkfud rdZlEerrk ds e/; ijLij leUo; ij fopkj foe'kZ fd;k x;kA

l= ds f}rh; fo"k; ^^bfEtZx blwt fbu QkjsLVªh fjlpZ fbu fn fgeky;k ekÅuVsaUl** ij vk;ksftr fopkj eaFku l= esa gfjr vkfFkZdh] ouifjfLFkrdh lsok;sa] ouksa ij tyok;q ifjorZu dk izHkko ,oa U;wuhdj.k uhfr] tSofofo/krk] thfodksiktZu] ij ppkZ dh xbZA

^^fgy ,xzhdYpj & Vª;LV fon psysUtsl ,.M fc;ksUM** fo"k; ds

vUrxZr iks"k.kh; d`f"k] ikjfLFkfrdh fodkl] d`f"k esa fofo/khdj.k] lalk/kuksa ds laj{k.k] lao/kZu rFkk n{krkiwoZd mi;ksx vkfn ij fopkj fd;k x;kA

^^eStlZ Vw ch Vsdu QkWj fn MsoyIesaV vkWQ esFksesfVdy lkbalst fbu mŸkjk[k.M** fo"k; ij ikB;dze iqujko`fRr] f'k{kdksa dk u;s ikBdze gsrq izf'k{k.k] mRd`"V 'kks/k dk;Zdzeksa dh LFkkiuk] f'k{kdksa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa gsrq vuqns'kkRed Ldwy] mDr dk;Zdzeksa ds lqpk: lapkyu gsrq ,d dsUnz dh LFkkiuk ij fopkj vkfn ij xgurkiwoZd eaFku fd;k x;kA

Ikakpos efLr"d eUFku l= esaas ^^MsoysIesaV vkWQ mŸkjk[k.M LVsV LikfV;y MkVk

bUÝkLVªDpj ¼,l0Mh0vkbZ0½ QkWj fMlsUVªykbZTM xoZusal** ds fo"k; ij fofHkUu fof'k"V oSKkfudksa ,oa fo'ofo|ky; ds f'k{kdksaa }kjk fopkj O;Dr fd;s x;sA fofHkUu l=ksa dk lekiu] l= esa lkewfgd ppkZ ,oa fopkj foe'kZ ds }kjk izk;ksftr flQkfj'kksa ds lkFk gqvkA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

Ikgy ds lekpkjIkgy

MkfoZu rq>s lyke! fFk;sVj 'kks ds ek/;e ls ;kn fd;k

egku izÑfr foKkuh dks

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds jkT; leUo;d MkŒ v'kksd dqekj iUr }kjk fFk;sVj 'kks ds ek/;e ls MkfoZu ds dk;ksZa dks izHkkoh rkSj ij izLrqr djus dh ifjdYiuk vc lkdkj gqbZ vkSj ^^MkfoZu ! rq>s lyke** 'kh'kZd ls rS;kj ;g VSDuks fFk;sVj 'kks ekg uoEcj esa fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij izLrqfr;kW nsrs gq, viuh vfeV Nki NksM+ x;kA LVst Iys dh fLØIV ewyr% izksŒ izHkkr miszsrh }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ vkSj laHko eap ds ;qok dykdkjksa }kjk bls c[kwch VSDuks Iys ds ek/;e ls eafpr fd;k x;kA eapu dk funsZ'ku Jh vfHk"ksd eSUnksyk us fd;kA MkfoZu! rq>s lyke us 01 ?k.Vk 15 feuV ds vf/kdre le; esa MkfoZu ds cpiu esa gh mlds izÑfr ,oa izkf.k;ksa ds izfr yxko ,oa xEHkhjrk] firk ds u pkgrs gq, Hkh viuh vfHk:fp esa lafyIr jguk rFkk izkÑfrd v/;;u dh vksj >qdko dks cgqr lqUnj <ax ls izLrqr fd;k gSA vxys pj.k esa ;qok MkfoZu dks izLrqr dj tokuh ds fnuksa easa Hkh izÑfr izseh cu vius /;s; ij tqVs

jguk] rfud Hkh fopfyr u gksuk] chxy tgkt ls yEch&yEch ;k=k,sa dj vius dk;Z dks vkxs c<k+rs jgus dh vkd"kZd izLrqfr nh xbZ gSA v/ksM+ mez esa MkfoZu dh izLrqfr vR;Ur gh ân;Li'khZ gSA MkfoZu ds ik= cus lat; xSjksyk] mudh iRuh ,sEek cuh gsek iUr mudh csVh ¼,suh½ dh ik= dqlqe iUr us MkfoZu ds thou dh O;Fkk dks ,sls izLrqr fd;k fd n'kZdksa dh vk[ksa vkWlw u jksd ldhaA /kkfeZd vkLFkkvksa ,oa izÑfr foKku dh O;k[;k]

vUrjtkrh; la?k"kZ] ;ksX;re dh mÙkjthfork] izkÑfrd oj.k tSls fo'kn dk;ksZa dks VSDuks Iys }kjk bruh de le; lhek esa izLrqr djuk fuf'pr rkSj ij vkd"kZd FkkA viuh o`)koLFkk dh vksj c<+rs&c<+rs] vius dk;ksZa dks lekt esa izLrqr djrs gq, /kkfeZd vkLFkkvksa ls tqMs+ O;fDr;ksa ;gk¡ rd fd dfri; rRdkyhu oSKkfudksaa ds fojks/k dk lkeuk djrs gq, vfMx jgs pkYlZ MkfoZu us bl 'kks esa pkj pk¡n yxk fn;sA 'kks ds nkSjku fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa

fo'o dks foKku ds {ks= esa ,d ubZ lksp ,oa fn'kk nsus okys ,oa euq"; ds fodkl dh O;k[;k djus okys egku izÑfr foKkuh pkYlZ MkfoZu dh 200oha t;Urh o"kZ 2009 esa iw.kZ gqbZA bl egku nk'kfuZd ,oa izÑfr foKkuh ds thou ,oa muds }kjk fd;s x;s vf}rh; dk;Z dks lEekfur djus ds mn~ns'; ls ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½ }kjk igyh ckj ,d vfHkuo iz;kl fd;k x;kA fo|kfFkZ;ksa] f'k{kdkssa ,oa vke tuekul esa MkfoZu ds thou ,oa muds }kjk fn;s x;s fodklokn ds fl)kUr ,oa izkÑfrd oj.k ds fl)kUr dks le>us ds fy, fFk;sVj 'kks ds ek/;e ls ;g vuwBk iz;kl fd;k x;kA

30

lw{e tSfodh ij {ks=h; dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

n'kZdksa dks le; xqtjus dk ,glkl gh ugha jgk vkSj ckgj fudyrs gq, lc ds eu esa dsoy pkYlZ MkfoZu gh ?kwe jgs FksA eap lTtk] LVst lSV ,oa bySDVªkfud bQSDV~l us 'kks dks vR;Ur gh izHkkoksRiknd cuk fn;kA izkIr QhM cSd us bldh iqf"V dhA vk;kstdksa dss fy, ;g vR;Ur lUrks"k ,oa [kq'kh dh ckr jghA 'kks dh ifjdYiuk djus okys MkŒ v'kksd dqekj iUr us vR;Ur mRlkfgr gksdj dgk fd MkfoZu dks

vke tuekul fo'ks"kr% fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd ifjfpr djkus dk mudk liuk vkt iwjk gks x;k vkSj Hkfo"; esa vU; oSKkfudksa ds thou o`Ùk dks Hkh ,sls gh izLrqr djus ij fopkj djus dk ekxZ iz'kLr gks x;kA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~] foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx Hkkjr ljdkj ds rRoko/kku esa lapkfyr bl dk;ZØe dh izLrqfr;k¡a fiFkkSjkx<+] pEikor] uSuhrky ,oa nsgjknwu esa dh xbZ rFkk Iys

fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa vke tu n'kZdksa dh HkhM+ tqVkus esa iw.kZr% lQy jgkA fnuk¡d 28 uoEcj 2011 dks jktho xk¡/kh uoksn; fo|ky; nsgjknwu ds lHkkxkj esa jkT; Hkj ds leLr cky oSKkfudksa] ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa ,oa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ls tqMs+ O;fDr;ksa gsrq jkT; Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds volj ij ,d o`gn 'kks dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA vkSj 'kks ds lekiu ij lcus ,d Loj ls dgk ^& MkfoZu rq>s lyke*A

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ek/;fed Lrj ij f'k{kk izkIr dj jgs fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lw{e tSfodh dk Kku iznku dj mUgsa lw{e thok.kqvksa dh nqfu;k] muds izHkko ,oa vuqiz;ksxksa ls :c: djkus ds mn~ns'; ls ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½ }kjk dqek¡Å e.My esa {ks=h; dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu ekg uoEcj esa fd;k x;kA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh ds rRoko/kku esa vk;ksftr ^^ekbØksvkxZfuTEl~ % ySV vl vkCtcZ ,.M yuZ** fo"k; ij dssfUnzr mijksDr dk;Z'kkykvksa gsrq ek/;fed Lrj ij foKku f'k{kdksaa dk izf'k{k.k ,oa vfHkeq[khdj.k fd;k x;k rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd bl vfregRoiw.kZ tkudkfj;ksa dks igq¡pk;k tk lds rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks csfld lkbUlst dh vksj mUeq[k fd;k tk ldsA dk;Z'kkyk gsrq ckVsfudy gkWch lsUVj] dkWVu dkyst xqokgkVh }kjk fodflr ekbØksvkxZfuTe fdV fu%'kqYd miyC/k djk;s x;sA igyh dk;Z'kkyk fnukad 07&09 uoEcj 2011 dks ck;ksVSd Hkou] dqek;wa fo'o fo|ky; dSEil Hkherky esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA dk;Z'kkyk dk mn~?kkVu dqek;wa fo'o fo|ky; uSuhrky ds dqyifr MkŒ chŒdsŒ vjksM+k us fd;k rFkk mn~?kkVu lekjksg dh v/;{krk izksŒ dsŒdsŒik.Ms] funs'kd ¼vUrjkZ"Vªh; fo"k; ½ rhFkZadj fo'ofo|ky; ] mÙkj izns'k }kjk dh xbZA bl volj ij vfr fof'k"V vfrfFk ds :i esa izksŒ

chŒvkjŒdkS'ky] izksŒ vkyksd 'kqDyk] MkŒ dsŒdsŒik.Ms jftLVªkj dqeka;w fo'ofo|ky;] Jh tsŒ,lŒ ákadh ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh uSuhrky mifLFkr FksA dk;Z'kkyk dh eq[; lUnHkZnkrk ,oa eq[; la;kstd izksŒ ohuk ik.Ms] ekbØksck;ksykth izHkkx] tSo izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx dqeka;w fo'o fo|ky; uSuhrky us dk;Z'kkyk dk leUo;u ,oa lapkyu fd;kA mn~?kkVu lekjksg dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, izksŒ vjksMk+ us dk;Z'kkyk dks vR;Ur izklafxd ,oa egRoiw.kZ crkrs gq, dgk fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa foKku ds leLr {ks=ksa dk mfpr Kku djkrs gq, mUgs 'kks/k dh izo`fÙk dh vksj <kyus dh t:jr gS vkSj f'k{kd izkjEHk ls gh fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks bl gsrq rS;kj djus esa l{ke gSaA igy dh funs'kd Jherh deyk iUr us igy }kjk foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa foKku lapkj ds ek/;e ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa oSKkfud lksp

iSnk djus ds igy ds iz;klksa ij izdk'k MkykA rhu fnuksa rd pyh bl dk;Z'kkyk esa uSuhrky ,oa Å/ke flag uxj ds 30 f'k{kdksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk lekiu fo/kk;d MkŒ ukjk;.k flag tUroky }kjk fd;k x;kA tcfd v/;{krk izksŒ xaxk fc"V Mhu foKku ladk; dqeka;w fo'o fo|ky; uSuhrky }kjk dh xbZA izksŒ chuk ik.Ms us crk;k fd dk;Z'kkyk ds 10 l=ksa esa f'k{kdksa dks lw{e tSfodh ij vk/kkfjr yxHkx 20 ,sls iz;ksxksa ls ifjfpr djk;k tks fd f'k{kd vklkuh ls fdV ds ek/;e ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fl[kk ldrs gSaA igy dh {ks=h; lfpo lqJh js[kk f=osnh us lcdk vkHkkj O;Dr fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk lapkyu esa MkŒ ;ksxs'k yksguh] MkŒ yfyr flag] MkŒ euh"kk <kdk vkfn dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA nwljh dk;Z'kkyk fnukWd 14&16 uoEcj dks tUrq foKku foHkkx]

31

jktdh; LukrdksÙkj egkfo|ky; fiFkkSjkx<+ esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ ftlesa 40 f'k{kd] f'kf{kdkvksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk mn~?kkVu MkŒ MhŒ,lŒikaxrh izkpk;Z ,yŒ,lŒ,eŒjkŒ LukŒ egkŒ fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk fd;k x;kA MkŒ ikaxrh us bl volj ij f'k{kdksa dk vkg~oku fd;k fd os fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa csfld lkbUlst ds izfr :fp iSnk djus gssrq iz;Ru'khy jgsaA lw{e tSfodh ij vk/kkfjr ;g dk;Z'kkyk f'k{kdksa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa gssrq ,d ehy dk iRFkj lkfcr gksxhA MkŒ v'kksd dqekj iUr izkpk;Z ,lŒMhŒ,lŒjkŒbŒdkŒ fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk bl volj ij fpUrk O;Dr dh xbZ dh orZeku esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk :>ku dsoy O;kolkf;d dkslsZt dh vksj gks jgk gS rFkk 'kks/k ds {ks= esa tkus okyksa dh la[;k de gksrh tk jgh

gSA bldk izHkko Hkfo"; esa iM+uk LokHkkfod gS tc oSKkfudksa dk ladV [kMk+ gks tk;sxkA MkŒ iUr us fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa 'kks/k dh izo`fÙk ds fodkl ij /;ku nsus dh vko';drk ij cy fn;kA tUrq foKku foHkkx ds foHkkxk/;{k ,oa dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; la;kstd MkŒ jkds'k dqekj us crk;k fd lw{e tSfodh vkt foKku dh ,d vge 'kk[kk ds :i esa fl) gks jgh gS rFkk gekjh fnup;kZ dk fgLlk cu xbZ gSA mUgksus crk;k fd rhu fnolh; bl dk;Z'kkyk esa lw{e tSfodh ds v/;;u o ifjp; ds lkFk&lkFk eSfMdy ekbØksck;ksykWth] i;kZ;oj.kh; ekbØksck;ksykth] ,IykbM ekbØksck;ksykWth ij vk/kkfjr iz;ksxkRed dk;Z djok;s x;s rFkk 10 l=ksa esa yxHkx 20 iz;ksx lEiUu djk;s

x;sA dk;Z'kkyk esa MkŒ foosd dsfM;k ,oa MkŒ deys'k Hkkdquh us lUnHkZ O;fDr ds :i esa lapkyu fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk lekiu MkŒ eqdqy dqekj lrh] ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk fd;k x;kA MkŒ lrh us f'k{kdksa dk vkg~okgu fd;k fd dk;Z'kkyk esa fn;s x;s ekbØksvkxZfuTe fdVksa dk iz;ksx fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lw{e tSfodh ls ifjfpr djkus gsrq xEHkhjrk ls djsa rkfd dk;Z'kkyk esa fl[kk;s x;s fo"k; fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd igqap ldsaA mUgkasus Loa; blds vuqJo.k dh ckr dghA bl volj ij MkŒ lrh }kjk leLr izfrHkkxh fo|ky;ksa gsrq fdV forfjr fd;sA dk;Z'kkyk lapkyu esa MkŒ iadt cgqxq.kk] MkŒ vkjŒ ,lŒ usxh] MkŒ t;k dk.Miky us lg;ksx iznku fd;kA

cPpksa us tkuh lkSj e.My dh gypyfo|kfFkZ;ksa esa vkdk'k n'kZu ,oa lkSj e.My esa gks jgh gypyksa ds izfr mudh ftKklk 'kkUr djus ds mn~ns'; ls foxr ekgkssa esa igy laLFkk }kjk ^^eksckby IysusVsfj;e QkWj ,sLVªkukfedy v.MjLVSf.Max veax LVwMsV~l ¼ekWl½ uked ifj;kstuk dk lapkyu fd;k x;kA dqeka;w e.My ds fofHkUu fo|ky;ksa esa eksckby IysusVsfj;e ds ek/;e ls lkSj e.My dh jksekapd tkudkfj;k¡ nh xbZA fo|kfFkZ;ksa gsrq py rkjke.My ¼ eksckby IysusVsfj;e½ ,d dkSrwgy dk fo"k; jgkA ekWl dk;ZØe dk 'kqHkkjEHk 7 fnlEcj dks ekul ,dsMeh fiFkkSjkx<+ esa fd;k x;kA f'k{kkfon~ ,oa iz/kkukpk;Z jk0b0dk0 ihiydksV Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms; }kjk ;kstuk dk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k x;kA Jh ik.Ms; us bl volj ij dgk fd py rkjke.My esa izkstsDVj ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu jkf'k;ksa] u{k=ksa ,oa xzgksa dh tks izLrqfr nh x;h gS og vf}rh; gS blls fo|kFkhZ fuf'pr :i ls ykHkkfUor gkssaxs rFkk [kxksy tSls xw<+ fo"k; dks ljyrk ls le> ldus esa leFkZ gksaxsA mUgksus tksMh+ xbZ LCD izkstsDVj fMokbl dks ,d uokpkj ,oa fo"k; dks vR;Ur

lgt djus ij laLFkk dh iz'kalk dhA bl volj ij ifj;kstuk ds eq[; ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh clUr dqekj HkV~V us crk;k fd py rkjke.My ,u-lh-,l-,e- dksydÙkk ls xr o"kksZa esa izFke pj.k esa Ø; fd;k x;k FkkA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh ds rRoko/kku esa vk;ksftr ^^ekWl** dk;ZØe dk lapkyu jkT; ds lekt oSKkfud laxBu ^^ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½** }kjk nwljh ckj dqek¡;w e.My esa fd;k tk jgk gSA f}rh; pj.k esa izLrqfr dks v/kqukru rduhdh ls tksM+dj ,d vR;Ur vkd"kZd Lo:i iznku fd;k x;k gS rkfd fo|kFkhZ euksjatd rjhds ls [kxksy tSls xw<+ fo"k; dks lgtrk ls vkRelkr dj ldsaA Jh HkV~V ,oa lgk;d ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh fotsUnz ifV;ky }kjk iwjs dqeka;w e.My esa py rkjke.My ds ek/;e ls vc rd yxHkx 2500 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa 500 f'k{kdksa dks tkudkjh nh tk pqdh gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd ,d ckj esa vf/kdre 40 fo|kFkhZ 'kks dks ns[k ik jgs gSa rFkk eq[; ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh ch-ds-

HkV~V ls iz'uksÙkj ds ek/;e ls viuh ftKklk 'kkUr dj jgs gSaA Jh HkV~V foxr 42 o"kksZa ls ,eP;ksj oSKkfud ds :i esa [kxksy foKku ls tqMs+ gS rFkk cPpksa ds chp dk;Z djuk mudk 'kkSd gSA vr% py rkjke.My ds ek/;e ls fo|kFkhZ Jh HkV~V ds vuqHkoksa dk iwjk ykHk ysdj vkuafnr gks jgs gSaA Hkze.k ds nkSjku Jh HkV~V }kjk jkf=dkyhu [kqys vkdk'kh; l=ksa dk Hkh vk;kstu dj vkdk'k n'kZu ,oa jkf'k;ksa ,oa u{k=ksa dh tkudkjh nsdj ,d gypy iSnk dh gSA Jh clUr dqekj HkV~V bl ckr ls mRlkfgr gS fd vius nh?kZ v/;;u dk ykHk ^^ekWl** ifj;kstuk ds ek/;e ls og cPpksa dks ns ik jgs gSaA lgk;d ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh fotsUnz ifV;ky us crk;k fd izR;sd 'kks ds ckn ,d [kxksyh; fDot dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k tk jgk gS rFkk ^^vUrfj{k jgL;** uked iqfLrdk rFkk [kxksy'kkL= ij vk/kkfjr lanHkZ lkfgR; Hkh fu%'kqYd ckWVk tk jgk gSA la;kstd laLFkk dh v/;{k Jherh deyk iUr us crk;k fd izR;sd 'kks ds ckn fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls izkIr QhM cSd vR;Ur mRlkgtud gSA mUgksusa crk;k fd f'k{kk funs'kd Jh pUn flag Xoky

30

lw{e tSfodh ij {ks=h; dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

n'kZdksa dks le; xqtjus dk ,glkl gh ugha jgk vkSj ckgj fudyrs gq, lc ds eu esa dsoy pkYlZ MkfoZu gh ?kwe jgs FksA eap lTtk] LVst lSV ,oa bySDVªkfud bQSDV~l us 'kks dks vR;Ur gh izHkkoksRiknd cuk fn;kA izkIr QhM cSd us bldh iqf"V dhA vk;kstdksa dss fy, ;g vR;Ur lUrks"k ,oa [kq'kh dh ckr jghA 'kks dh ifjdYiuk djus okys MkŒ v'kksd dqekj iUr us vR;Ur mRlkfgr gksdj dgk fd MkfoZu dks

vke tuekul fo'ks"kr% fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd ifjfpr djkus dk mudk liuk vkt iwjk gks x;k vkSj Hkfo"; esa vU; oSKkfudksa ds thou o`Ùk dks Hkh ,sls gh izLrqr djus ij fopkj djus dk ekxZ iz'kLr gks x;kA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~] foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx Hkkjr ljdkj ds rRoko/kku esa lapkfyr bl dk;ZØe dh izLrqfr;k¡a fiFkkSjkx<+] pEikor] uSuhrky ,oa nsgjknwu esa dh xbZ rFkk Iys

fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa vke tu n'kZdksa dh HkhM+ tqVkus esa iw.kZr% lQy jgkA fnuk¡d 28 uoEcj 2011 dks jktho xk¡/kh uoksn; fo|ky; nsgjknwu ds lHkkxkj esa jkT; Hkj ds leLr cky oSKkfudksa] ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa ,oa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ls tqMs+ O;fDr;ksa gsrq jkT; Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds volj ij ,d o`gn 'kks dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA vkSj 'kks ds lekiu ij lcus ,d Loj ls dgk ^& MkfoZu rq>s lyke*A

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ek/;fed Lrj ij f'k{kk izkIr dj jgs fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lw{e tSfodh dk Kku iznku dj mUgsa lw{e thok.kqvksa dh nqfu;k] muds izHkko ,oa vuqiz;ksxksa ls :c: djkus ds mn~ns'; ls ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½ }kjk dqek¡Å e.My esa {ks=h; dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu ekg uoEcj esa fd;k x;kA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh ds rRoko/kku esa vk;ksftr ^^ekbØksvkxZfuTEl~ % ySV vl vkCtcZ ,.M yuZ** fo"k; ij dssfUnzr mijksDr dk;Z'kkykvksa gsrq ek/;fed Lrj ij foKku f'k{kdksaa dk izf'k{k.k ,oa vfHkeq[khdj.k fd;k x;k rkfd fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd bl vfregRoiw.kZ tkudkfj;ksa dks igq¡pk;k tk lds rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks csfld lkbUlst dh vksj mUeq[k fd;k tk ldsA dk;Z'kkyk gsrq ckVsfudy gkWch lsUVj] dkWVu dkyst xqokgkVh }kjk fodflr ekbØksvkxZfuTe fdV fu%'kqYd miyC/k djk;s x;sA igyh dk;Z'kkyk fnukad 07&09 uoEcj 2011 dks ck;ksVSd Hkou] dqek;wa fo'o fo|ky; dSEil Hkherky esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA dk;Z'kkyk dk mn~?kkVu dqek;wa fo'o fo|ky; uSuhrky ds dqyifr MkŒ chŒdsŒ vjksM+k us fd;k rFkk mn~?kkVu lekjksg dh v/;{krk izksŒ dsŒdsŒik.Ms] funs'kd ¼vUrjkZ"Vªh; fo"k; ½ rhFkZadj fo'ofo|ky; ] mÙkj izns'k }kjk dh xbZA bl volj ij vfr fof'k"V vfrfFk ds :i esa izksŒ

chŒvkjŒdkS'ky] izksŒ vkyksd 'kqDyk] MkŒ dsŒdsŒik.Ms jftLVªkj dqeka;w fo'ofo|ky;] Jh tsŒ,lŒ ákadh ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh uSuhrky mifLFkr FksA dk;Z'kkyk dh eq[; lUnHkZnkrk ,oa eq[; la;kstd izksŒ ohuk ik.Ms] ekbØksck;ksykth izHkkx] tSo izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx dqeka;w fo'o fo|ky; uSuhrky us dk;Z'kkyk dk leUo;u ,oa lapkyu fd;kA mn~?kkVu lekjksg dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, izksŒ vjksMk+ us dk;Z'kkyk dks vR;Ur izklafxd ,oa egRoiw.kZ crkrs gq, dgk fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa foKku ds leLr {ks=ksa dk mfpr Kku djkrs gq, mUgs 'kks/k dh izo`fÙk dh vksj <kyus dh t:jr gS vkSj f'k{kd izkjEHk ls gh fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks bl gsrq rS;kj djus esa l{ke gSaA igy dh funs'kd Jherh deyk iUr us igy }kjk foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa foKku lapkj ds ek/;e ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa oSKkfud lksp

iSnk djus ds igy ds iz;klksa ij izdk'k MkykA rhu fnuksa rd pyh bl dk;Z'kkyk esa uSuhrky ,oa Å/ke flag uxj ds 30 f'k{kdksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk lekiu fo/kk;d MkŒ ukjk;.k flag tUroky }kjk fd;k x;kA tcfd v/;{krk izksŒ xaxk fc"V Mhu foKku ladk; dqeka;w fo'o fo|ky; uSuhrky }kjk dh xbZA izksŒ chuk ik.Ms us crk;k fd dk;Z'kkyk ds 10 l=ksa esa f'k{kdksa dks lw{e tSfodh ij vk/kkfjr yxHkx 20 ,sls iz;ksxksa ls ifjfpr djk;k tks fd f'k{kd vklkuh ls fdV ds ek/;e ls fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fl[kk ldrs gSaA igy dh {ks=h; lfpo lqJh js[kk f=osnh us lcdk vkHkkj O;Dr fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk lapkyu esa MkŒ ;ksxs'k yksguh] MkŒ yfyr flag] MkŒ euh"kk <kdk vkfn dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA nwljh dk;Z'kkyk fnukWd 14&16 uoEcj dks tUrq foKku foHkkx]

31

jktdh; LukrdksÙkj egkfo|ky; fiFkkSjkx<+ esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ ftlesa 40 f'k{kd] f'kf{kdkvksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk mn~?kkVu MkŒ MhŒ,lŒikaxrh izkpk;Z ,yŒ,lŒ,eŒjkŒ LukŒ egkŒ fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk fd;k x;kA MkŒ ikaxrh us bl volj ij f'k{kdksa dk vkg~oku fd;k fd os fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa csfld lkbUlst ds izfr :fp iSnk djus gssrq iz;Ru'khy jgsaA lw{e tSfodh ij vk/kkfjr ;g dk;Z'kkyk f'k{kdksa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa gssrq ,d ehy dk iRFkj lkfcr gksxhA MkŒ v'kksd dqekj iUr izkpk;Z ,lŒMhŒ,lŒjkŒbŒdkŒ fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk bl volj ij fpUrk O;Dr dh xbZ dh orZeku esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk :>ku dsoy O;kolkf;d dkslsZt dh vksj gks jgk gS rFkk 'kks/k ds {ks= esa tkus okyksa dh la[;k de gksrh tk jgh

gSA bldk izHkko Hkfo"; esa iM+uk LokHkkfod gS tc oSKkfudksa dk ladV [kMk+ gks tk;sxkA MkŒ iUr us fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa 'kks/k dh izo`fÙk ds fodkl ij /;ku nsus dh vko';drk ij cy fn;kA tUrq foKku foHkkx ds foHkkxk/;{k ,oa dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; la;kstd MkŒ jkds'k dqekj us crk;k fd lw{e tSfodh vkt foKku dh ,d vge 'kk[kk ds :i esa fl) gks jgh gS rFkk gekjh fnup;kZ dk fgLlk cu xbZ gSA mUgksus crk;k fd rhu fnolh; bl dk;Z'kkyk esa lw{e tSfodh ds v/;;u o ifjp; ds lkFk&lkFk eSfMdy ekbØksck;ksykWth] i;kZ;oj.kh; ekbØksck;ksykth] ,IykbM ekbØksck;ksykWth ij vk/kkfjr iz;ksxkRed dk;Z djok;s x;s rFkk 10 l=ksa esa yxHkx 20 iz;ksx lEiUu djk;s

x;sA dk;Z'kkyk esa MkŒ foosd dsfM;k ,oa MkŒ deys'k Hkkdquh us lUnHkZ O;fDr ds :i esa lapkyu fd;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk lekiu MkŒ eqdqy dqekj lrh] ftyk f'k{kk vf/kdkjh fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk fd;k x;kA MkŒ lrh us f'k{kdksa dk vkg~okgu fd;k fd dk;Z'kkyk esa fn;s x;s ekbØksvkxZfuTe fdVksa dk iz;ksx fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lw{e tSfodh ls ifjfpr djkus gsrq xEHkhjrk ls djsa rkfd dk;Z'kkyk esa fl[kk;s x;s fo"k; fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd igqap ldsaA mUgkasus Loa; blds vuqJo.k dh ckr dghA bl volj ij MkŒ lrh }kjk leLr izfrHkkxh fo|ky;ksa gsrq fdV forfjr fd;sA dk;Z'kkyk lapkyu esa MkŒ iadt cgqxq.kk] MkŒ vkjŒ ,lŒ usxh] MkŒ t;k dk.Miky us lg;ksx iznku fd;kA

cPpksa us tkuh lkSj e.My dh gypyfo|kfFkZ;ksa esa vkdk'k n'kZu ,oa lkSj e.My esa gks jgh gypyksa ds izfr mudh ftKklk 'kkUr djus ds mn~ns'; ls foxr ekgkssa esa igy laLFkk }kjk ^^eksckby IysusVsfj;e QkWj ,sLVªkukfedy v.MjLVSf.Max veax LVwMsV~l ¼ekWl½ uked ifj;kstuk dk lapkyu fd;k x;kA dqeka;w e.My ds fofHkUu fo|ky;ksa esa eksckby IysusVsfj;e ds ek/;e ls lkSj e.My dh jksekapd tkudkfj;k¡ nh xbZA fo|kfFkZ;ksa gsrq py rkjke.My ¼ eksckby IysusVsfj;e½ ,d dkSrwgy dk fo"k; jgkA ekWl dk;ZØe dk 'kqHkkjEHk 7 fnlEcj dks ekul ,dsMeh fiFkkSjkx<+ esa fd;k x;kA f'k{kkfon~ ,oa iz/kkukpk;Z jk0b0dk0 ihiydksV Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms; }kjk ;kstuk dk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k x;kA Jh ik.Ms; us bl volj ij dgk fd py rkjke.My esa izkstsDVj ds ek/;e ls fofHkUu jkf'k;ksa] u{k=ksa ,oa xzgksa dh tks izLrqfr nh x;h gS og vf}rh; gS blls fo|kFkhZ fuf'pr :i ls ykHkkfUor gkssaxs rFkk [kxksy tSls xw<+ fo"k; dks ljyrk ls le> ldus esa leFkZ gksaxsA mUgksus tksMh+ xbZ LCD izkstsDVj fMokbl dks ,d uokpkj ,oa fo"k; dks vR;Ur

lgt djus ij laLFkk dh iz'kalk dhA bl volj ij ifj;kstuk ds eq[; ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh clUr dqekj HkV~V us crk;k fd py rkjke.My ,u-lh-,l-,e- dksydÙkk ls xr o"kksZa esa izFke pj.k esa Ø; fd;k x;k FkkA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh ds rRoko/kku esa vk;ksftr ^^ekWl** dk;ZØe dk lapkyu jkT; ds lekt oSKkfud laxBu ^^ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½** }kjk nwljh ckj dqek¡;w e.My esa fd;k tk jgk gSA f}rh; pj.k esa izLrqfr dks v/kqukru rduhdh ls tksM+dj ,d vR;Ur vkd"kZd Lo:i iznku fd;k x;k gS rkfd fo|kFkhZ euksjatd rjhds ls [kxksy tSls xw<+ fo"k; dks lgtrk ls vkRelkr dj ldsaA Jh HkV~V ,oa lgk;d ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh fotsUnz ifV;ky }kjk iwjs dqeka;w e.My esa py rkjke.My ds ek/;e ls vc rd yxHkx 2500 fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa 500 f'k{kdksa dks tkudkjh nh tk pqdh gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd ,d ckj esa vf/kdre 40 fo|kFkhZ 'kks dks ns[k ik jgs gSa rFkk eq[; ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh ch-ds-

HkV~V ls iz'uksÙkj ds ek/;e ls viuh ftKklk 'kkUr dj jgs gSaA Jh HkV~V foxr 42 o"kksZa ls ,eP;ksj oSKkfud ds :i esa [kxksy foKku ls tqMs+ gS rFkk cPpksa ds chp dk;Z djuk mudk 'kkSd gSA vr% py rkjke.My ds ek/;e ls fo|kFkhZ Jh HkV~V ds vuqHkoksa dk iwjk ykHk ysdj vkuafnr gks jgs gSaA Hkze.k ds nkSjku Jh HkV~V }kjk jkf=dkyhu [kqys vkdk'kh; l=ksa dk Hkh vk;kstu dj vkdk'k n'kZu ,oa jkf'k;ksa ,oa u{k=ksa dh tkudkjh nsdj ,d gypy iSnk dh gSA Jh clUr dqekj HkV~V bl ckr ls mRlkfgr gS fd vius nh?kZ v/;;u dk ykHk ^^ekWl** ifj;kstuk ds ek/;e ls og cPpksa dks ns ik jgs gSaA lgk;d ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh Jh fotsUnz ifV;ky us crk;k fd izR;sd 'kks ds ckn ,d [kxksyh; fDot dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k tk jgk gS rFkk ^^vUrfj{k jgL;** uked iqfLrdk rFkk [kxksy'kkL= ij vk/kkfjr lanHkZ lkfgR; Hkh fu%'kqYd ckWVk tk jgk gSA la;kstd laLFkk dh v/;{k Jherh deyk iUr us crk;k fd izR;sd 'kks ds ckn fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls izkIr QhM cSd vR;Ur mRlkgtud gSA mUgksusa crk;k fd f'k{kk funs'kd Jh pUn flag Xoky

32 33

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ds funsZ'kksa ds vk/kkj ij izR;sd tuin esa ifj;kstuk lapkyu esa lg;ksx izkIr gks jgk gSA ifj;kstuk lapkyu esa Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms;] Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk] Mk0 v'kksd dqekj iUr] Jh jkts'k ik.Ms;] Jh c`ts'k ik.Ms;] Mk0 Hkqou pUnz ik.Ms]lqJh js[kk f=osnh]Jh

nsosUnz dqekj tks'kh] Mk0 lquhy ik.Ms] Jh ujs'k pUnz tks'kh] Jh izeksn dqekj rsokMh+] Jh nhi pUnz tks'kh dk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku jgk gSA vc rd 60 fo|ky;kssa ds fo|kFkhZ bl dk;ZØe ls ykHkkfUor gks pqds gSaA Jh clUr dqekj HkV~V }kjk rS;kj ^^vkdk'k n'kZu**uked fLØIV

rFkk jaxdehZ Jh ,l-ih- eexkbZa ds ok;l vksoj us py rkjke.My dh izLrqfr dks vR;Ur izHkkoksRiknd ,oa vkd"kZd cuk;k gS ftldh Hkwfj&Hkwfj iz'kalk dh tk jgh gSA

izks0 xksiky Ñ".k 'kekZ dks feyk foKku lapkjd lEeku 2011o"kZ 2011 dk ;g lEeku Jh 'kekZ dks o"kZ 1995 ls vkt rd jkT; ds cky oSKkfudksa esa oSKkfud lksp iSnk djus rFkk 'kks/k izo`fÙk fodflr djus dks izsfjr djus rFkk jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds la;kstu] lapkyu ,oa] vdknfed lapkyu ds lkFk&lkFk HkSfrdh ds {ks= esa muds mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, iznku fd;k x;kA 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds jkT; Lrjh; vk;kstu ds volj ij mÙkjk[k.M foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;w&dkWLV½ ds egkfuns'kd Mk- jktsUnz MksHkky }kjk Jh th-ds- 'kekZ dks ;g lEeku iznku fd;k x;k rFkk ^igy* ds izeq[k laj{kd izks0 jes'k pUnz ik.Ms] v/;{k Jherh deyk iUr] lfpo izks0 ,u-,l- Hk.Mkjh us 'kky vks<+kdj lEekfur fd;kA bl volj ij ;w&dkLV ds izeq[k oSKkfud vf/kdkjh Mk- Mh- ih- mfu;ky] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds jkT; leUo;d Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr ] izks- xaxk fc"V] Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms;] Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk] Jh nsosUnz dqekj tks'kh] lqJh js[kk f=osnh lesr leLr ftyk leUo;d ,oa ftyk vdknfed leUo;d mifLFkr FksA foKku lapkjd lEeku ls lEekfur gksus ij Jh th-ds- 'kekZ us dgk fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa ij gh fo'o dk Hkfo"; fuHkZj gS vkSj muesa oSKkfud lksp ds laLdkjksa dks fodflr djuk vkt dh vko';drk gS rkfd os

Biodata of Shri GK Sharma

1. Qualification : Passed MSc (Physics) in !969 , Post Graduate Diploma in

Applied

Optics in 1970 from Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi

2. Post held : Retired as Scientist 'G' (Associate Director).

From Instruments Research and Development

Establishment',

Defence Research & Development Organisation, Dehradun.

3. Work and Awards :

(i) Specialist in the field of 'Applied Optics Technology' and has worked for

more than 38 years in this field . Has been Head of 'Optics Technology

Division' at IRDE.

(ii) Has been involved in various DRDO projects developing Day & Night vision

optical instruments and thermal & laser devices for the Services.

(iii) As Project Leader of one of the societal projects carried out for Ministry of

Social Justice and Empowerment, Govt. of India received President of

India National Award for 'Outstanding Technological Innovation for the

Visually Handicapped' and was also awarded 'Technology Spin-off Award'

by DRDO for indigenous development of visual aids for visually impaired.

(iv) Received Rajbhasha award from DRDO for writing original technical Hindi

book on 'Optical Manufacturing Techniques'.

4. Voluntary Activities :

Has interest in working with children for their all round development .Has been

involved for the last 20 years in organizing various scientific activities for the

children and youth to develop scientific temper amongst them.

Has been President of Uttarakhand State Organising Committee of National

Children Science Congress, an all India activity of NCSTC Network and Dept. of

Science and Technology, Govt. of India and at present is Chairman of its

Academic Committee.

ekuork ds dY;k.k ds fy, rS;kj gks ldsaA mUgksusa ^^igy** ,oa ^^;w&dkLV** dks bl lEeku dks nsus ds fy, vkHkkj

mÙkjk[k.M jkT; dh LFkkiuk ds iwoZ ls gh fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa foKku lapkj ds izfr dk;Z djrs gq, muessas oSKkfud lksp fodflr djus ds fe'ku dks ysdj pyus okys jkT; ds iz[;kr oSKkfud Jh xksiky Ñ".k 'kekZ dks jkT; esa foKku ds {ks= esa loksZRÑ"V lEeku ^^foKku lapkjd lEeku** ls uoktk x;k gSA

O;Dr djrs gq, dgk fd og vius foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ds fe'ku ij vkxs Hkh dk;Z djrs jgsxsaA mYys[kuh; gS fd

64 o"khZ; izks- 'kekZ vkbZ-vkj-Mh-bZ- ¼Mh-vkj-Mh-vks-½ esa ,lksf'k,V Mk;jsDVj ds in dk nkf;Ro fuoZgu djrs gq, Hkh cPpksa esa oSKkfud lksp iSnk djus gsrq fujUrj iz;Ru'khy jgsA orZeku esa lsokfuo`fÙk ds mijkUr og jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dh jkT; vdknfed lfefr ds v/;{k ds :i esa cky oSKkfudksa ds 'kks/k dk;ksZa dks funsZ'ku iznku dj jgs gSaA jkT; esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dks O;kid Lo:i nsus esa mudk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgk gSA

mYys[kuh; gS fd jkT; ds lekt oSKkfud laxBu ^^ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½** }kjk viuh LFkkiuk ,oa foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ds {ks= esa dk;Z dks 15 o"kZ iw.kZ gksus ij o"kZ 2010 ls ^^foKku lapkjd lEeku** izfro"kZ ,sls lekt lsoh] f'k{kd] oSKkfud] LoSfPNd dk;ZdÙkkZ vFkok laLFkk dks fn;k tkrk gS tks cPpksa ,oa lekt esa oSKkfud lksp ds izfr lefiZr gks rFkk fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls foKku dks ,d fe'ku ds :i esa ysdj dk;Z dj jgs gksaA bl gsrq laLFkk us fdlh izdkj ds vkosnu vFkok lanHkZ.k dh izFkk dks ugha fy;k gSA laLFkk ds laLFkkidksa dk ekuuk gS fd lEeku vFkok iqj"dkj gsrq vkosnu i= ek¡xuk lEeku dh Hkkouk dks Bsl igq¡pkuk gSA ^^igy** }kjk izfro"kZ ,d p;u cksMZ dk xBu fd;k tkrk gS tks fujUrj ,sls yksxksa dk p;u djrk gS tks lEeku ikus ds gdnkj gksaA ,sls O;fDr;ksa dks Lor% LQwrZ rkSj ij lEekfur djus dk ;g rjhdk vU; laLFkkuksa ds iqj"dkjksa ls ,dne vyx gSA o"kZ 2010 dk foKku lapkjd lEeku iqj"dkj izks- vkj-lh- ik.Ms ,oa Mk- uhykEcj iqusBk dks izks- lh-,u-vkj- jko v/;{k oSKkfud lykgdkj lfefr] Hkkjr ljdkj ds dj deyksa ls iznku fd;k x;k FkkA igy dh v/;{k Jherh deyk iUr us crk;k fd o"kZ 2012 gsrq p;u lfefr dk xBu fd;k tk pqdk gS tks ekg flrEcj 2012 rd foKku lapkjd lEeku 2012 dh vuq'kalk djsxhA

nsgjknwu esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxszsl lEiUu

Mk- MksHkky us vius mn~cks/ku esa cky oSKkfudksa ds lkFk vius yEcs vuqHkoksa dks vR;Ur izHkko'kkyh <+x ls ck¡Vk rFkk vkg~oku fd;k fd fo|kFkhZ thou ds izfr laosnu'khyrk ,oa xEHkhjrk gksuh vko';d gS rHkh ,d cPpk ,d lkFkZd ukxfjd cu ns'k dh lsok ds ;ksX; cu ikrk gSA Mk- MksHkky us cPPkkssa ds le{k foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fodkl dk jk"Vªh; ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; ifjn`'; izLrqr djrs gq, dgk fd vHkh dkQh {ks= ,sls gSa tgk¡ cgqr dke fd;s tkus dh vko';drk gS rHkh ge fo'o iVy ij vius dk;ksZa dh igpku cuk ldsaxs vkSj bl gsrq ubZ ih<h+ dks bls pqukSrh ds :i esa Lohdkj djuk gksxkA Mk- MksHkky us ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa dh vge~ Hkwfedk ij Hkh izdk'k Mkyk rFkk dgk fd ;w&dkWLV vkxkeh o"kksZa esa mPp f'k{kk ls tqMs+ f'k{kdksa dh rjg gh ek/;fed Lrj ds f'k{kdksa gsrq f'k{kd foKku dkaxszsl vk;ksftr djus ij fopkj dj jgk gSA blls iwoZ Mk- MksHkky us jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk /otkjksg.k dj cky oSKkfudksa dks 'kiFk fnykbZA dk;ZØe dh v/;{krk dj jgs izks- vkj-lh- ik.Ms] v/;{k jkT; vk;kstu lfefr us foKku ds bl egkdqEHk esa cky oSKkfudksa dk vkg~oku fd;k fd jk"Vªh; cky foKku

dkaxzsl ,d ,slk eap gS tgk¡ Hkfo"; dh lEHkkoukvksa ds n'kZu gksrs gSa vkSj iwjk lekt vk'kkfUor gks jgk gS fd vkt ds uUgs cky oSKkfudksa dh lksp ,oa ladYic)rk dy iwjs fo'o dks ldkjkRed fn'kk esa ys tk;sxhA izks- ik.Ms us cky oSKkfudksa dks foKku ds laLdkj nsus okys f'kfYi;ksa] ekxZn'kZd

f'k{kdksa dk vkg~okgu fd;k fd ns'k ,oa fo'o dk Hkfo"; r; djus esa mudh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gS rFkk mUgsa bl nkf;Ro ds izfr xEHkhj gksuk gksxkA jkT; leUo;d Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr us jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds mÙkjk[k.M jkT; ds foxr 11 o"kksZa ds lQj dk laf{kIr ifjp; nsrs gq, dgk fd jkT; LFkkiuk ds mijkUr o"kZ 2000 ls vc rd bl xfrfof/k esa fofHkUu Lrjksa ij cky oSKkfudksa }kjk dqy 26214 'kks/k i= izLrqr fd;s x;s ftlesa 107126 cky oSKkfudksa dh

19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk jkT; Lrjh; vk;kstu 27&28 uoEcj 2011 dks jktho xkW/kh uoksn; fo|ky;] nsgjknwu esa lEiUu gqvkA cky foKku dkaxzsl dk mn~?kkVu mÙkjk[k.M foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;w&dkLV½ ds egkfuns'kd Mk- jktsUnz MksHkky us fd;kA

32 33

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ds funsZ'kksa ds vk/kkj ij izR;sd tuin esa ifj;kstuk lapkyu esa lg;ksx izkIr gks jgk gSA ifj;kstuk lapkyu esa Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms;] Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk] Mk0 v'kksd dqekj iUr] Jh jkts'k ik.Ms;] Jh c`ts'k ik.Ms;] Mk0 Hkqou pUnz ik.Ms]lqJh js[kk f=osnh]Jh

nsosUnz dqekj tks'kh] Mk0 lquhy ik.Ms] Jh ujs'k pUnz tks'kh] Jh izeksn dqekj rsokMh+] Jh nhi pUnz tks'kh dk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku jgk gSA vc rd 60 fo|ky;kssa ds fo|kFkhZ bl dk;ZØe ls ykHkkfUor gks pqds gSaA Jh clUr dqekj HkV~V }kjk rS;kj ^^vkdk'k n'kZu**uked fLØIV

rFkk jaxdehZ Jh ,l-ih- eexkbZa ds ok;l vksoj us py rkjke.My dh izLrqfr dks vR;Ur izHkkoksRiknd ,oa vkd"kZd cuk;k gS ftldh Hkwfj&Hkwfj iz'kalk dh tk jgh gSA

izks0 xksiky Ñ".k 'kekZ dks feyk foKku lapkjd lEeku 2011o"kZ 2011 dk ;g lEeku Jh 'kekZ dks o"kZ 1995 ls vkt rd jkT; ds cky oSKkfudksa esa oSKkfud lksp iSnk djus rFkk 'kks/k izo`fÙk fodflr djus dks izsfjr djus rFkk jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds la;kstu] lapkyu ,oa] vdknfed lapkyu ds lkFk&lkFk HkSfrdh ds {ks= esa muds mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, iznku fd;k x;kA 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds jkT; Lrjh; vk;kstu ds volj ij mÙkjk[k.M foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;w&dkWLV½ ds egkfuns'kd Mk- jktsUnz MksHkky }kjk Jh th-ds- 'kekZ dks ;g lEeku iznku fd;k x;k rFkk ^igy* ds izeq[k laj{kd izks0 jes'k pUnz ik.Ms] v/;{k Jherh deyk iUr] lfpo izks0 ,u-,l- Hk.Mkjh us 'kky vks<+kdj lEekfur fd;kA bl volj ij ;w&dkLV ds izeq[k oSKkfud vf/kdkjh Mk- Mh- ih- mfu;ky] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds jkT; leUo;d Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr ] izks- xaxk fc"V] Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms;] Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk] Jh nsosUnz dqekj tks'kh] lqJh js[kk f=osnh lesr leLr ftyk leUo;d ,oa ftyk vdknfed leUo;d mifLFkr FksA foKku lapkjd lEeku ls lEekfur gksus ij Jh th-ds- 'kekZ us dgk fd fo|kfFkZ;ksa ij gh fo'o dk Hkfo"; fuHkZj gS vkSj muesa oSKkfud lksp ds laLdkjksa dks fodflr djuk vkt dh vko';drk gS rkfd os

Biodata of Shri GK Sharma

1. Qualification : Passed MSc (Physics) in !969 , Post Graduate Diploma in

Applied

Optics in 1970 from Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi

2. Post held : Retired as Scientist 'G' (Associate Director).

From Instruments Research and Development

Establishment',

Defence Research & Development Organisation, Dehradun.

3. Work and Awards :

(i) Specialist in the field of 'Applied Optics Technology' and has worked for

more than 38 years in this field . Has been Head of 'Optics Technology

Division' at IRDE.

(ii) Has been involved in various DRDO projects developing Day & Night vision

optical instruments and thermal & laser devices for the Services.

(iii) As Project Leader of one of the societal projects carried out for Ministry of

Social Justice and Empowerment, Govt. of India received President of

India National Award for 'Outstanding Technological Innovation for the

Visually Handicapped' and was also awarded 'Technology Spin-off Award'

by DRDO for indigenous development of visual aids for visually impaired.

(iv) Received Rajbhasha award from DRDO for writing original technical Hindi

book on 'Optical Manufacturing Techniques'.

4. Voluntary Activities :

Has interest in working with children for their all round development .Has been

involved for the last 20 years in organizing various scientific activities for the

children and youth to develop scientific temper amongst them.

Has been President of Uttarakhand State Organising Committee of National

Children Science Congress, an all India activity of NCSTC Network and Dept. of

Science and Technology, Govt. of India and at present is Chairman of its

Academic Committee.

ekuork ds dY;k.k ds fy, rS;kj gks ldsaA mUgksusa ^^igy** ,oa ^^;w&dkLV** dks bl lEeku dks nsus ds fy, vkHkkj

mÙkjk[k.M jkT; dh LFkkiuk ds iwoZ ls gh fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa foKku lapkj ds izfr dk;Z djrs gq, muessas oSKkfud lksp fodflr djus ds fe'ku dks ysdj pyus okys jkT; ds iz[;kr oSKkfud Jh xksiky Ñ".k 'kekZ dks jkT; esa foKku ds {ks= esa loksZRÑ"V lEeku ^^foKku lapkjd lEeku** ls uoktk x;k gSA

O;Dr djrs gq, dgk fd og vius foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ds fe'ku ij vkxs Hkh dk;Z djrs jgsxsaA mYys[kuh; gS fd

64 o"khZ; izks- 'kekZ vkbZ-vkj-Mh-bZ- ¼Mh-vkj-Mh-vks-½ esa ,lksf'k,V Mk;jsDVj ds in dk nkf;Ro fuoZgu djrs gq, Hkh cPpksa esa oSKkfud lksp iSnk djus gsrq fujUrj iz;Ru'khy jgsA orZeku esa lsokfuo`fÙk ds mijkUr og jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dh jkT; vdknfed lfefr ds v/;{k ds :i esa cky oSKkfudksa ds 'kks/k dk;ksZa dks funsZ'ku iznku dj jgs gSaA jkT; esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dks O;kid Lo:i nsus esa mudk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgk gSA

mYys[kuh; gS fd jkT; ds lekt oSKkfud laxBu ^^ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½** }kjk viuh LFkkiuk ,oa foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ds {ks= esa dk;Z dks 15 o"kZ iw.kZ gksus ij o"kZ 2010 ls ^^foKku lapkjd lEeku** izfro"kZ ,sls lekt lsoh] f'k{kd] oSKkfud] LoSfPNd dk;ZdÙkkZ vFkok laLFkk dks fn;k tkrk gS tks cPpksa ,oa lekt esa oSKkfud lksp ds izfr lefiZr gks rFkk fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls foKku dks ,d fe'ku ds :i esa ysdj dk;Z dj jgs gksaA bl gsrq laLFkk us fdlh izdkj ds vkosnu vFkok lanHkZ.k dh izFkk dks ugha fy;k gSA laLFkk ds laLFkkidksa dk ekuuk gS fd lEeku vFkok iqj"dkj gsrq vkosnu i= ek¡xuk lEeku dh Hkkouk dks Bsl igq¡pkuk gSA ^^igy** }kjk izfro"kZ ,d p;u cksMZ dk xBu fd;k tkrk gS tks fujUrj ,sls yksxksa dk p;u djrk gS tks lEeku ikus ds gdnkj gksaA ,sls O;fDr;ksa dks Lor% LQwrZ rkSj ij lEekfur djus dk ;g rjhdk vU; laLFkkuksa ds iqj"dkjksa ls ,dne vyx gSA o"kZ 2010 dk foKku lapkjd lEeku iqj"dkj izks- vkj-lh- ik.Ms ,oa Mk- uhykEcj iqusBk dks izks- lh-,u-vkj- jko v/;{k oSKkfud lykgdkj lfefr] Hkkjr ljdkj ds dj deyksa ls iznku fd;k x;k FkkA igy dh v/;{k Jherh deyk iUr us crk;k fd o"kZ 2012 gsrq p;u lfefr dk xBu fd;k tk pqdk gS tks ekg flrEcj 2012 rd foKku lapkjd lEeku 2012 dh vuq'kalk djsxhA

nsgjknwu esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxszsl lEiUu

Mk- MksHkky us vius mn~cks/ku esa cky oSKkfudksa ds lkFk vius yEcs vuqHkoksa dks vR;Ur izHkko'kkyh <+x ls ck¡Vk rFkk vkg~oku fd;k fd fo|kFkhZ thou ds izfr laosnu'khyrk ,oa xEHkhjrk gksuh vko';d gS rHkh ,d cPpk ,d lkFkZd ukxfjd cu ns'k dh lsok ds ;ksX; cu ikrk gSA Mk- MksHkky us cPPkkssa ds le{k foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fodkl dk jk"Vªh; ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; ifjn`'; izLrqr djrs gq, dgk fd vHkh dkQh {ks= ,sls gSa tgk¡ cgqr dke fd;s tkus dh vko';drk gS rHkh ge fo'o iVy ij vius dk;ksZa dh igpku cuk ldsaxs vkSj bl gsrq ubZ ih<h+ dks bls pqukSrh ds :i esa Lohdkj djuk gksxkA Mk- MksHkky us ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa dh vge~ Hkwfedk ij Hkh izdk'k Mkyk rFkk dgk fd ;w&dkWLV vkxkeh o"kksZa esa mPp f'k{kk ls tqMs+ f'k{kdksa dh rjg gh ek/;fed Lrj ds f'k{kdksa gsrq f'k{kd foKku dkaxszsl vk;ksftr djus ij fopkj dj jgk gSA blls iwoZ Mk- MksHkky us jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk /otkjksg.k dj cky oSKkfudksa dks 'kiFk fnykbZA dk;ZØe dh v/;{krk dj jgs izks- vkj-lh- ik.Ms] v/;{k jkT; vk;kstu lfefr us foKku ds bl egkdqEHk esa cky oSKkfudksa dk vkg~oku fd;k fd jk"Vªh; cky foKku

dkaxzsl ,d ,slk eap gS tgk¡ Hkfo"; dh lEHkkoukvksa ds n'kZu gksrs gSa vkSj iwjk lekt vk'kkfUor gks jgk gS fd vkt ds uUgs cky oSKkfudksa dh lksp ,oa ladYic)rk dy iwjs fo'o dks ldkjkRed fn'kk esa ys tk;sxhA izks- ik.Ms us cky oSKkfudksa dks foKku ds laLdkj nsus okys f'kfYi;ksa] ekxZn'kZd

f'k{kdksa dk vkg~okgu fd;k fd ns'k ,oa fo'o dk Hkfo"; r; djus esa mudh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gS rFkk mUgsa bl nkf;Ro ds izfr xEHkhj gksuk gksxkA jkT; leUo;d Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr us jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds mÙkjk[k.M jkT; ds foxr 11 o"kksZa ds lQj dk laf{kIr ifjp; nsrs gq, dgk fd jkT; LFkkiuk ds mijkUr o"kZ 2000 ls vc rd bl xfrfof/k esa fofHkUu Lrjksa ij cky oSKkfudksa }kjk dqy 26214 'kks/k i= izLrqr fd;s x;s ftlesa 107126 cky oSKkfudksa dh

19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk jkT; Lrjh; vk;kstu 27&28 uoEcj 2011 dks jktho xkW/kh uoksn; fo|ky;] nsgjknwu esa lEiUu gqvkA cky foKku dkaxzsl dk mn~?kkVu mÙkjk[k.M foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;w&dkLV½ ds egkfuns'kd Mk- jktsUnz MksHkky us fd;kA

34 35

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

lgHkkfxrk jgh gSA mDr ifj;kstukvksa dks rS;kj djus esa vc rd 15700 ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa dh lfØ; Hkwfedk jgh gSA Mk- iUr us crk;k fd o"kZ 2011 dh cky foKku dkaxzsl esa fo|ky;] Cykd] tuin] jkT; Lrj ij 3840 'kks/k vuqHko i= ds lkFk 12800 cky oSKkfudksa dh lgHkkfxrk jgh gSA mUgksus crk;k fd bl o"kZ 93 fodkl [k.Mksa ij fodkl [k.M Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vk;ksftr dh xbZ vkSj nwjLFk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa rd bl xfrfof/k dks igqWpk;k tk ldk gSA ftlesa f'k{kk foHkkx ds lkFk gh ftyk leUo;dksa dh Hkwfedk egRoiw.kZ jgh gSA igy dh v/;{kk Jherh deyk iUr us izkjEHk essa lHkh dk Lokxr djrs gq, igy dh xfrfof/k;ksa ls ifjfpr djk;kA bl volj ij jktho xkW/kh uoksn; fo|ky; ds cPpksa }kjk eueksgd lkaLÑfrd dk;ZØe izLrqr fd;sA vdknfed lfefr ds v/;{k Jh th-ds- 'kekZ us 'kks/k vuqHko i=ksa dh xq.koÙkk ij /;ku dsfUnzr djus ij cy fn;kA mUgksusa dgk fd ^^Hkwfe lalk/ku% le`f) ds fy, iz;ksx djsa] Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk;sa** fo"k; ij vk;ksftr 19 oha cky foKku dkaxzsl esa iz;kl gS fd xq.koÙkk dh n`f"V ls vPNs izkstsDV~l jk"Vªh; Lrj ij tk;sxsaA dk;ZØe dk lapkyu jktho xk¡/kh uoksn; fo|ky; ds izoDrk Jh ,e-lh- ik.Ms us fd;kA mn~?kkVu l= esa igy ds egklfpo Mk- ,u-,l- Hk.Mkjh us Lokxr dk Hkk"k.k izLrqr fd;kA jkT; Lrjh; bl dkaxzsl esa 13 tuinksa ls 140 cky oSKkfudksa ds lewg izeq[kksa us 'kks/k vuqHko i= izLrqr fd;s ftuesa ckydksa }kjk 63 rFkk ckfydkvksa }kjk 77 'kks/k i= izLrqr fd;sA twfu;j oxZ esa 66 rFkk lhfu;j oxZ esa 74 'kks/k i=

izLrqr fd;s x;sA jkT; ls 16 cky oSKkfudksa dk p;u t;iqj us'kuy ;wfuoflZVh t;iqj ¼jktLFkku½ gsrq fd;k x;kA nks izkstsDV~l dk p;u Hkqous'oj esa vk;ksftr 99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl gsrq fd;k x;kA jkT; Lrj ij izkstsDV~l p;u gsrq LØhfuax desVh boSY;w;s'ku iSuy ,oa izkstsDV fjO;w desVh dk xBu fd;k x;kA jkT; Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl esa 250 cky oSKkfudksa] 80 ekxZn'kZdksa] 13 leUo;dksa] 28 bosY;w;sV~lZ lfgr jkT; vk;kstu lfefr ds lnL;ksa lfgr djhc 500 yksx mifLFkr FksA nks fnolh; jkT; Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl 6 lekukUrj lS'ku o 4 vdknfed l=ksa esa lapkfyr dh xbZA cky oSKkfudksa }kjk bl nkSjku vius izkstsDV~l dk izLrqrhdj.k vR;Ur izHkko'kkyh <ax ls fd;kA fo'ks"k vdknfed l=ksa esa izks- xaxk fc"V] Mhu foKku ladk; dqeka;w fo'ofo|ky; uSuhrky }kjk ^^vUrjkZ"Vªh; jlk;u o"kZ** ij fo'ks"k okÙkkZ nh xbZ tks cPpksa ds fy, vR;Ur jkspd ,oa ykHkizn jghA bZ-,e-vkj-vkbZ- ds LVsV gsM Mk- euh"k fVadw }kjk 108 ,EcqysUl lsok ds lapkyu dh foLr`r tkudkjh nh xbZ rFkk 108 ,EcqysUl ds vUnj fMekWLVsª'ku fd;s x;s tks cPpksa ds fy, dkSrqgy Hkjs FksA f'k{kdksa gsrq jkT; ,M~l dUVªksy lkslkbVh ds }kjk ,M~l ds ckjs esa izLrqrhdj.k fn;k x;kA rFkk blds xEHkhj igyqvksa ij foLr`r tkudkjh nh xbZA Jherh deyk iUr }kjk ^^oSKkfud lksp ,oa egRo**ij cPpksa ls ifjppkZ dh xbZA igys fnu jkf= dks MkfoZu rq>s lyke! Ukked VSDuksa Iys dh vkd"kZd izLrqfr us n'kZdksa dks vR;Ur izHkkfor fd;kA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~

¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~½ Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk mRizsfjr ,oa lefFkZr rFkk ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- uVodZ ds leUo;u esa lapkfyr bl xfrfof/k ds lapkyu gsrq usVodZ dh LFkkbZ lnL; laLFkk ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½ jkT; leUo;d laLFkk ds :i esa dk;Z dj jgh gS ysfdu jkT; esa ;g xfrfof/k igy] ;wdkLV ,oa f'k{kk foHkkx ds ,d la;qDr miØe ds :i esa izHkkoh rkSj ij lapkfyr dh tkrh jgh gS vkSj jk"Vªh; Lrj ij viuh ,d fof'k"B ifgpku cuk pqdh gSA

19oha foKku dkaxzsl dk lekiu funs'kd fo|ky;h f'k{kk mÙkjk[k.M Jh pUnz flag Xoky }kjk fd;k x;kA Jh Xoky us dgk fd jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ :ijs[kk ¼,u-lh-,Q- 2005½ ds vkyksd esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ,d vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ xfrfof/k gS ftls leLr fo|ky;ksa dh ,d vfuok;Z xfrfof/k ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS rFkk

fo|ky; 'kSf{kd iapkx esa bls lekfgr dj fn;k gSA Jh Xoky us iz/kkukpk;ksZa ,oa f'k{kdksa ls bl xfrfof/k esa vf/kd ls vf/kd cky oSKkfudksa dks 'kkfey djus dh ckr dghA bl volj ij jktho xkW/kh uoksn; fo|ky; dh

03&07 tuojh 2012 dks Hkoq u's oj ea svk;kfs tr 99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkxa lsz ea smÙkjk[k.M dh Vhe

cky oSKkfudjtr [kUroky] vYekMs k+ edq yq okfy;k] ngs jknuw

,LdkVZ f'k{kdJh fueZy jkor] nsgjknwuJh nsosUnz thuk] vYeksMk+

iz/kkukpk;kZ Mk- e/kqckyk jkor us lHkh dk vkHkkj O;Dr fd;kA dk;ZØe dk la;kstu ,oa leUo;u Jh fueZy jkor us fd;kA 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds volj ij fo'ks"k :i ls Mk- Mh-ih- mfu;ky ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh ;w&dkLV] Mk-,-ds- fc;kuh] Mk- egkohj flag jkor] Mk- dY;k.k flag jkor]Mk- ,e-,l- fc"V] Mk- lUrks"k vxzoky] Jh jfo usxh] Mk- vkbZ-ih- usxh vkfn ekStwn FksA dk;ZØe ds lapkyu esa Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms;] Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk] lqJh js[kk f=osnh] Mk- deys'k Hkkdquh]Mk- ,l-ds- xkSM+] Jh ,l-,l- jk.kk] Jh ih-,l- Hk.Mkjh] Jh ,e-lh- ik.Ms] Jh 'kkg] Jh fotsUnz ifV;ky] Jh jkts'k ik.Ms; }kjk fo'ks"k lg;ksx fn;k x;kA 13 tuinksa ds ftyk leUo;dksa ,oa Vhe izHkkfj;ksa ds :i esa 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl esa Mk- lquhy ik.Ms] Mk- Hkqou pUnz ik.Ms]Jh vkj-ih-Fkify;ky] Mk- ,l-,l- esgjk] Jh ds-ds- tks'kh] Jh Mh-ih- lseoky] Jh lh-,y- lpku] Jh lqHkk"k pUnz 'kekZ] Jh izeksn dqekj rsokMh+ ] Mk- fodkl iUr] Mk- fnus'k pUnz tks'kh] Jh ujs'k pUnz tks'kh] Jh vkj-,u- lqUnfj;ky] Jh 'kSys'k tks'kh dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA jkT; Lrjh; vk;kstu dks lQy cukus esa jktho xk¡/kh uoksn; fo|ky; ,oa j{kk vuqla/kku fo|ky; nsgjknwu ds f'k{kdksa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA

27&31 fnlEcj 2011 dks 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl t;iqj us'kuy

;wfuoflZVh t;iqj ¼jktLFkku½ esa mÙkjk[k.M dh Vhe

jkT; leUo;d

Mk0 v'kksd dqekj iUr

,LdkWVZ f'k{kd

Jherh deyk iUr] Vhe yhMj nsgjknwu

Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk fiFkkSjkx<+

Mk0 ch0lh0 ik.Ms vYeksMk+

lqJh js[kk f=osnh uSuhrky

Jh 'kSysUnz tks'kh uSuhrky

Jherh vatuh jktnku nsgjknwu

Jherh lqykspuk xkSM+ ikSMh+

cky oSKkfud

fufdrk esgrk fiFkkSjkx<+

gsek /kfj;ky fiFkkSjkx<+

vkfnR; vksyh pEikor

jkts'k esgrk ckxs'oj

Hkwis'k jkor vYeksMk+

dkUgk tks'kh vYeksMk+

fiz;adk fc"V uSuhrky

fnO;k Fkify;ky peksyh

'kfeZyk mÙkjdk'kh

eueksgu jk.kk mÙkjdk'kh

vafdrk usxh fVgjh

l`f'V fc"V nsgjknwu

euh"kk usxh nsgjknwu

Lokrh vxzoky ikSMh+

fleju ikSMh+

vYdk jk.kk :nziz;kx

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl &2011eq[; fo"k;%& Hkwfe lalk/ku% izÑfr ds fy, lokajs] Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk,saA

mifo"k; okj jkT; Lrj ij izLrqr 'kks/k i=

mifo"k; izLrqr izkstsDV~l dh la[;k jk"Vªh; Lrj ij izLrqr izkstsDV~l

viuh Hkwfe dks tkuks 18 04

Hkwfe ds dk;Z 07 01

Hkwfe ds xq.k 21 01

Hkwfe ij ekuo gLr{ksi 39 04

Hkwfe lalk/kuksa dk nh?kZdkyhd mi;ksx 30 04

Hkwfe iz;ksx gsrq lkeqnkf;d Kku 25 02

34 35

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

lgHkkfxrk jgh gSA mDr ifj;kstukvksa dks rS;kj djus esa vc rd 15700 ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa dh lfØ; Hkwfedk jgh gSA Mk- iUr us crk;k fd o"kZ 2011 dh cky foKku dkaxzsl esa fo|ky;] Cykd] tuin] jkT; Lrj ij 3840 'kks/k vuqHko i= ds lkFk 12800 cky oSKkfudksa dh lgHkkfxrk jgh gSA mUgksus crk;k fd bl o"kZ 93 fodkl [k.Mksa ij fodkl [k.M Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vk;ksftr dh xbZ vkSj nwjLFk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa rd bl xfrfof/k dks igqWpk;k tk ldk gSA ftlesa f'k{kk foHkkx ds lkFk gh ftyk leUo;dksa dh Hkwfedk egRoiw.kZ jgh gSA igy dh v/;{kk Jherh deyk iUr us izkjEHk essa lHkh dk Lokxr djrs gq, igy dh xfrfof/k;ksa ls ifjfpr djk;kA bl volj ij jktho xkW/kh uoksn; fo|ky; ds cPpksa }kjk eueksgd lkaLÑfrd dk;ZØe izLrqr fd;sA vdknfed lfefr ds v/;{k Jh th-ds- 'kekZ us 'kks/k vuqHko i=ksa dh xq.koÙkk ij /;ku dsfUnzr djus ij cy fn;kA mUgksusa dgk fd ^^Hkwfe lalk/ku% le`f) ds fy, iz;ksx djsa] Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk;sa** fo"k; ij vk;ksftr 19 oha cky foKku dkaxzsl esa iz;kl gS fd xq.koÙkk dh n`f"V ls vPNs izkstsDV~l jk"Vªh; Lrj ij tk;sxsaA dk;ZØe dk lapkyu jktho xk¡/kh uoksn; fo|ky; ds izoDrk Jh ,e-lh- ik.Ms us fd;kA mn~?kkVu l= esa igy ds egklfpo Mk- ,u-,l- Hk.Mkjh us Lokxr dk Hkk"k.k izLrqr fd;kA jkT; Lrjh; bl dkaxzsl esa 13 tuinksa ls 140 cky oSKkfudksa ds lewg izeq[kksa us 'kks/k vuqHko i= izLrqr fd;s ftuesa ckydksa }kjk 63 rFkk ckfydkvksa }kjk 77 'kks/k i= izLrqr fd;sA twfu;j oxZ esa 66 rFkk lhfu;j oxZ esa 74 'kks/k i=

izLrqr fd;s x;sA jkT; ls 16 cky oSKkfudksa dk p;u t;iqj us'kuy ;wfuoflZVh t;iqj ¼jktLFkku½ gsrq fd;k x;kA nks izkstsDV~l dk p;u Hkqous'oj esa vk;ksftr 99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl gsrq fd;k x;kA jkT; Lrj ij izkstsDV~l p;u gsrq LØhfuax desVh boSY;w;s'ku iSuy ,oa izkstsDV fjO;w desVh dk xBu fd;k x;kA jkT; Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl esa 250 cky oSKkfudksa] 80 ekxZn'kZdksa] 13 leUo;dksa] 28 bosY;w;sV~lZ lfgr jkT; vk;kstu lfefr ds lnL;ksa lfgr djhc 500 yksx mifLFkr FksA nks fnolh; jkT; Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl 6 lekukUrj lS'ku o 4 vdknfed l=ksa esa lapkfyr dh xbZA cky oSKkfudksa }kjk bl nkSjku vius izkstsDV~l dk izLrqrhdj.k vR;Ur izHkko'kkyh <ax ls fd;kA fo'ks"k vdknfed l=ksa esa izks- xaxk fc"V] Mhu foKku ladk; dqeka;w fo'ofo|ky; uSuhrky }kjk ^^vUrjkZ"Vªh; jlk;u o"kZ** ij fo'ks"k okÙkkZ nh xbZ tks cPpksa ds fy, vR;Ur jkspd ,oa ykHkizn jghA bZ-,e-vkj-vkbZ- ds LVsV gsM Mk- euh"k fVadw }kjk 108 ,EcqysUl lsok ds lapkyu dh foLr`r tkudkjh nh xbZ rFkk 108 ,EcqysUl ds vUnj fMekWLVsª'ku fd;s x;s tks cPpksa ds fy, dkSrqgy Hkjs FksA f'k{kdksa gsrq jkT; ,M~l dUVªksy lkslkbVh ds }kjk ,M~l ds ckjs esa izLrqrhdj.k fn;k x;kA rFkk blds xEHkhj igyqvksa ij foLr`r tkudkjh nh xbZA Jherh deyk iUr }kjk ^^oSKkfud lksp ,oa egRo**ij cPpksa ls ifjppkZ dh xbZA igys fnu jkf= dks MkfoZu rq>s lyke! Ukked VSDuksa Iys dh vkd"kZd izLrqfr us n'kZdksa dks vR;Ur izHkkfor fd;kA jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~

¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~½ Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk mRizsfjr ,oa lefFkZr rFkk ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- uVodZ ds leUo;u esa lapkfyr bl xfrfof/k ds lapkyu gsrq usVodZ dh LFkkbZ lnL; laLFkk ihiqYl ,lksf'k;slu vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykUplZ ¼igy½ jkT; leUo;d laLFkk ds :i esa dk;Z dj jgh gS ysfdu jkT; esa ;g xfrfof/k igy] ;wdkLV ,oa f'k{kk foHkkx ds ,d la;qDr miØe ds :i esa izHkkoh rkSj ij lapkfyr dh tkrh jgh gS vkSj jk"Vªh; Lrj ij viuh ,d fof'k"B ifgpku cuk pqdh gSA

19oha foKku dkaxzsl dk lekiu funs'kd fo|ky;h f'k{kk mÙkjk[k.M Jh pUnz flag Xoky }kjk fd;k x;kA Jh Xoky us dgk fd jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ :ijs[kk ¼,u-lh-,Q- 2005½ ds vkyksd esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ,d vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ xfrfof/k gS ftls leLr fo|ky;ksa dh ,d vfuok;Z xfrfof/k ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS rFkk

fo|ky; 'kSf{kd iapkx esa bls lekfgr dj fn;k gSA Jh Xoky us iz/kkukpk;ksZa ,oa f'k{kdksa ls bl xfrfof/k esa vf/kd ls vf/kd cky oSKkfudksa dks 'kkfey djus dh ckr dghA bl volj ij jktho xkW/kh uoksn; fo|ky; dh

03&07 tuojh 2012 dks Hkoq u's oj ea svk;kfs tr 99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkxa lsz ea smÙkjk[k.M dh Vhe

cky oSKkfudjtr [kUroky] vYekMs k+ edq yq okfy;k] ngs jknuw

,LdkVZ f'k{kdJh fueZy jkor] nsgjknwuJh nsosUnz thuk] vYeksMk+

iz/kkukpk;kZ Mk- e/kqckyk jkor us lHkh dk vkHkkj O;Dr fd;kA dk;ZØe dk la;kstu ,oa leUo;u Jh fueZy jkor us fd;kA 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds volj ij fo'ks"k :i ls Mk- Mh-ih- mfu;ky ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh ;w&dkLV] Mk-,-ds- fc;kuh] Mk- egkohj flag jkor] Mk- dY;k.k flag jkor]Mk- ,e-,l- fc"V] Mk- lUrks"k vxzoky] Jh jfo usxh] Mk- vkbZ-ih- usxh vkfn ekStwn FksA dk;ZØe ds lapkyu esa Jh izeksn dqekj ik.Ms;] Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk] lqJh js[kk f=osnh] Mk- deys'k Hkkdquh]Mk- ,l-ds- xkSM+] Jh ,l-,l- jk.kk] Jh ih-,l- Hk.Mkjh] Jh ,e-lh- ik.Ms] Jh 'kkg] Jh fotsUnz ifV;ky] Jh jkts'k ik.Ms; }kjk fo'ks"k lg;ksx fn;k x;kA 13 tuinksa ds ftyk leUo;dksa ,oa Vhe izHkkfj;ksa ds :i esa 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl esa Mk- lquhy ik.Ms] Mk- Hkqou pUnz ik.Ms]Jh vkj-ih-Fkify;ky] Mk- ,l-,l- esgjk] Jh ds-ds- tks'kh] Jh Mh-ih- lseoky] Jh lh-,y- lpku] Jh lqHkk"k pUnz 'kekZ] Jh izeksn dqekj rsokMh+ ] Mk- fodkl iUr] Mk- fnus'k pUnz tks'kh] Jh ujs'k pUnz tks'kh] Jh vkj-,u- lqUnfj;ky] Jh 'kSys'k tks'kh dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA jkT; Lrjh; vk;kstu dks lQy cukus esa jktho xk¡/kh uoksn; fo|ky; ,oa j{kk vuqla/kku fo|ky; nsgjknwu ds f'k{kdksa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA

27&31 fnlEcj 2011 dks 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl t;iqj us'kuy

;wfuoflZVh t;iqj ¼jktLFkku½ esa mÙkjk[k.M dh Vhe

jkT; leUo;d

Mk0 v'kksd dqekj iUr

,LdkWVZ f'k{kd

Jherh deyk iUr] Vhe yhMj nsgjknwu

Jh xtsUnz flag cksgjk fiFkkSjkx<+

Mk0 ch0lh0 ik.Ms vYeksMk+

lqJh js[kk f=osnh uSuhrky

Jh 'kSysUnz tks'kh uSuhrky

Jherh vatuh jktnku nsgjknwu

Jherh lqykspuk xkSM+ ikSMh+

cky oSKkfud

fufdrk esgrk fiFkkSjkx<+

gsek /kfj;ky fiFkkSjkx<+

vkfnR; vksyh pEikor

jkts'k esgrk ckxs'oj

Hkwis'k jkor vYeksMk+

dkUgk tks'kh vYeksMk+

fiz;adk fc"V uSuhrky

fnO;k Fkify;ky peksyh

'kfeZyk mÙkjdk'kh

eueksgu jk.kk mÙkjdk'kh

vafdrk usxh fVgjh

l`f'V fc"V nsgjknwu

euh"kk usxh nsgjknwu

Lokrh vxzoky ikSMh+

fleju ikSMh+

vYdk jk.kk :nziz;kx

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl &2011eq[; fo"k;%& Hkwfe lalk/ku% izÑfr ds fy, lokajs] Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk,saA

mifo"k; okj jkT; Lrj ij izLrqr 'kks/k i=

mifo"k; izLrqr izkstsDV~l dh la[;k jk"Vªh; Lrj ij izLrqr izkstsDV~l

viuh Hkwfe dks tkuks 18 04

Hkwfe ds dk;Z 07 01

Hkwfe ds xq.k 21 01

Hkwfe ij ekuo gLr{ksi 39 04

Hkwfe lalk/kuksa dk nh?kZdkyhd mi;ksx 30 04

Hkwfe iz;ksx gsrq lkeqnkf;d Kku 25 02

36 37

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

lekt ds LFkkf;Ro ,oa lkE;koLFkk ds ekudksa esa tgkW dbZ rjg ds lwpd gSa ogha lcls cM+k lwpd gS lekt dh dk;Z'kSyhA ;g dk;Z'kSyh O;fDr ds furkUr O;fDrxr {k.kksa] ifjokj] lekt] ns'k] fo'o Lrj ij izfr{k.k ifjyf{kr gksrh gS vkSj fu/kkZfjr djrh gS u dsoy lekt fo'ks"k] O;fDr fo'ks"k vFkok jk"Vª fo'ks"k dk Hkfo"; vfirq lEiw.kZ fo'o] ekuork ,oa ekuo dk Hkfo"; vkSj bl egRoiw.kZ ;k=k esa gj O;fDr egRoiw.kZ gS] mldk gj {k.k egRoiw.kZ gS vkSj mlls Hkh egRoiw.kZ gS mldh oSKkfud lkspA oSKkfud lksp dk rkRi;Z fdlh dks iz[;kr oSKkfud cukus dh vksj /kdsyuk ugha gS mldh lksp ls mldk gj {k.k lgt dj ,d LFkkf;Ro dh vksj ys tkuk gSSA cPps bl J`a[kyk essa lcls vkxs gSa vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ gS D;ksafd Hkfo"; dk f{kfrt mUgha dh ckV tksg jgk gS vkSj os gh Hkfo"; ds fuekZrk gSaA lcls fnypLi ckr rks ;g gS fd ge ftl lqugjs Hkfo"; dh vksj VdVdh yxk;s gSa mls cukus okyk cPpk Lo;a essa ÅtkZoku] dkSrwgy ,oa ftKklkvksa ls Hkjk gS vkSj og dqN ,slk dj nsuk pkgrk gS fd og tks djs og iwjs fo'o esa ,dne vyx gksA mlds lkeus vuUr lEHkkouk,sa gSa] vuUr leL;k,sa gSa vkSj mlus og dqN u;k dj fn[kkus dh Bkuh gS tks mlds

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl

nks n'kd dk lQj

liuksa ds Hkfo"; dks iw.kZ dj ldsA dHkh&dHkh ge vfHkHkkodksa ls xyrh izk;% gks tkrh gS fd ge vius cPps dks oSlk ugha cuus nsuk pkgrs gSa tSlk og cuuk pkgrk gS vfirq ge iz;kl djrs gSa fd og oSlk cus tks gekjs liuksa dk cPpk gS vkSj ;gha ij xEHkhj =qfV gks tkrh gSS A vko';drk gS fd cPpksa esa fufgr lEHkkoukvksa dks lgh jkLrk nsus dh rkfd Hkfo"; ds izfr gekjk ;ksxnku gks ldsA blh ryk'kus ,oa rjk'kus dh igy gS& fo'o dh lcls cMh+ oSKkfud xfrfof/k ^^jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl **tks fd lEiw.kZ ns'k ds 10 ls 17 o"kZ ds cPpksa dks mudh oSKkfud vfHk:fp mtkxj djus dk vf}rh; volj iznku djrk gSA bl volj dks iznku djus gsrq jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh us chM+k mBk;k gS rFkk ns'k Hkj esa blds vk;kstu ,oa leUo;u dh ckxMksj lEHkkyh gS ns'k ds 70 ls vf/kd Loa; lsoh ,oa ljdkjh laLFkkvksa ds ,sls lewg us tks fujUrj foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa yksxksa esa oSKkfud psruk dks izksRlkfgr djus ds mn~ns'; ls dk;Zjr gS vkSj og ns'k ds foKkuk/kkfjr lcls cMs+ usVodZ ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ ds :i esa vkt c[kwch 1993 ls izkjEHk gqbZ ;k=k dks 20 osa o"kZ esa izos'k djkus esa lQy

gks ldk gSA 2 tuojh 1991 dks LFkkfir ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ ls tqMsa+ lnL;ksa us cPpksa dh izfrHkk dks xEHkhjrk ls le>k rFkk bl izfrHkk dks oSKkfud lksp ds ek/;e ls vkxs ykus gsrq jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ds rRdkyhu izHkkxk/;{k Mk- ujsUnz dqekj lgxy ,oa lg;ksfx;ksa ds lkFk oSpkfjd lkE; LFkkfir dj ,d la;qDr fopkj/kkjk ds vUrxZr 1993 esa vkSipkfjd :i ls jksfir fd;k ^^jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl** dk og uUgk ikS/kk tks vkt iwjs jk"Vª gh ugha vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij oV o`{k ds :i esa oSKkfud izfrHkk dh igpku dk i;kZ; cu pqdk gSA bl ikS/ks dk chtkjksi.k 1991 esa Xokfy;j ¼e/; izns'k½ esa NksVs fdUrq ,d lQy iz;ksx ds :i esa gqvk FkkA dgrs gSa ^^yksx tqM+rs x;s vkSj dkjoka curk x;k**] ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ dks tgkW izks- ;'kiky ljh[ks oSKkfud ,oa f'k{kkfon~ dk laj{k.k feyk ogha izks- lej ckxph] izks-,l-ih- oekZ] izks- ,l-,l- jkW;] Mk- ,-ds- xksLokeh] izks-vkj-,u-js tSls O;fDrRoksa dk usr`Ro feykA izks- lh-,e- ukSfV;ky] Jh t;nhi c:ok] Jh vfHkthr o)Zu] Jh jksgrk'k j?kqoa'kh] Jh lqjsUnz f/kxs tSls O;fDr;ksa }kjk usVodZ lfpo ds :i esa vf/k'kk"kh ,oa lkekU; dk;Zdkfj.kh ds

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ls o"kZ 1996 ls tqM+s Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr us mÙkj izns'k ds le; ls gh foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa oSKkfud lksp dk lQj 'kq: fd;kA o"kZ 1996 ls 2000 rd os ftyk leUo;d ds :i esa rFkk jkT; cuus ds ckn jkT; leUo;d ds :i esa mÙkjk[k.M esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dks jk"Vªh; Lrj ij ,d fof'k"B ifgpku fnykus esa lQy jgsA cPpksa ,oa vke tuekul esa oSKkfud lksp iSnk djus gsrq ladfYir Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr Loa; dks lkSHkkX;'kkyh ekurs gSa fd ,d f'k{kd ds :i esa viuh lsok izkjEHk dj dbZ foHkkxksa esa lsok djrs gq, os lekt esa oSKkfud lksp fodflr djus rFkk Hkkoh ih<h+ dks ,d oSKkfud fn'kk nsus gsrq lafo/kku esa visf{kr ekSfyd nkf;Roksa dh iwfrZ djrs gq, dk;Z dj jgs gSaA thou dh fo"kerkvksa ,oa l?ka"kksZa dks >syrs gq, foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa foKku lapkj dks ,d fe'ku ds :i esa ysdj pyus okys Mk- iUr lEizfr ,l-Mh-,l-jk-b-dk- fiFkkSjkx<+ esa iz/kkukpk;Z gSaA mRrjk[k.M jkT; es cky foKku dkaxzsl dks Cykd Lrj rd ys tkdj fo|ky;ksa esa yksdfiz; xfrfof/k cukus ds fy, mUgsa o"kZ 2009 esa jk"Vªh; Lrj ij loZJs"B jkT; leUo;d dk lEeku iznku fd;k x;kA bl fe'ku ds fuoZgu gsrq og dqN Hkh NksM+ nsus dks lnSo rS;kj jgrs gSaA

lEiknd

v'kksd dqekj iUr

leLr lnL;ksa dh lfØ; Hkwfedk ds lkFk mYys[kuh; rjhds ls jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dks vkt ,d l'kDr :i esa LFkkfir fd;k gSA usVoZd ds lapkyu esa Jh jksgrk'k j?kqoa'kh dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jgh gSA cPpksa dh bl vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ xfrfof/k dks Hkkjr ljdkj Lrj ij tgkW izks- ujsUnz dqekj lgxy tSls tUenkrk feys ogha ba- vuqt flUgk] MkW- ds-ds- f}osnh] MkW- ch-ih- flag] MkW- e/kq QqYy ,oa MkW- Mh-ds- ik.Ms tSls oSKkfud feys ftUgksaus Øe'k% 1993 esa ns[ks x;s LoIu dks chlosa iM+ko ij izfr"Bk ds lkFk dsoy igq¡pk;k gh ugha vfirq bls fo'o iVy ij og lEeku fnyk;k fd tgkW vUrjkZ"Vªh; laLFkk,sa bl xfrfof/k ls tqM+ xbZ gSa ogha vkfl;ku ns'kksa ,oa vU; ns'kksa ds tqM+us ls bldk Lo:i vUrjkZ"Vªh; gks pqdk gSA bUVsy ] vk;fjl tSls egRoiw.kZ dk;ZØeksa dk jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ls tqM+uk bldh chl o"kZ dh ;k=k ds egRoiw.kZ v/;k; gSaSA lEiw.kZ ns'k ds 35 jkT;ksa esa ,d:irk ,oa vuq'kkflr rjhds ds lkFk lapkfyr jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl fo|ky; ls izkjEHk gks] tuin Lrj ij rFkk izR;sd jkT; ,oa vUrr% jk"Vªh; Lrj ij Øe'k% vk;ksftr gksrh gSA o"kZ 2009 esa mÙkjk[k.M jkT; us ,d ubZ igy dj Cykd Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vk;ksftr dj blds izlkj dh lEHkkoukvksa gsrqq uokpkjh iz;ksx fd;k vkSj dbZ jkT;ksa esa tuin ls igys Cykd Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl Hkh vk;ksftr dh tkus yxh gSSA mÙkjk[k.M jkT; us ,d vU; igy dh vkSj jkT; ds fo|ky;h f'k{kk foHkkx dks lfØ;rk ls tksM+dj bls jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds vkyksd esa leLr fo|ky;ksa dh ,d vfuok;Z 'kSf{kd xfrfof/k ds :i esa ysdj 'kklukns'k tkjh fd;kA mÙkjk[k.M jkT; dh uthj ij dbZ vU; jkT; Hkh f'k{kk foHkkx dks ysdj vkxs vk;s gSaA vkt fLFkfr ;g gS fd lglk lgh vk¡dMs+ tqVk ikuk dfBu gS fd fo|ky; Lrjh; vk;kstuksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq, fdrus cky oSKkfud izfro"kZ bl xfrfof/k esa Lor% LQwrZ rkSj ij tqM+rs gSA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh bl

fo'kky lgHkkfxrk esa egRoiw.kZ gksrs gSa mUgas rS;kj djus okys muds ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdA izR;sd jkT; gsrq ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ }kjk jkT; leUo;d laLFkk;sa fpfUgr dh xbZ gSa tks vius jkT; esa Hkkjr ljdkj ds funsZ'kksa ds Øe esa Lok;Ùk :i ls cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu djrh gaSA ;g cM+s g"kZ dk fo"k; gS fd ns'k ds leLr jkT;ksa esa fpfUgr laLFkk,ssa gj o"kZ u;s&u;s rjhdksa ls xfrfof/k dks izHkkoh cukus gsrq ladfYir gaSA ;g ckr vkj-oh-ih-,l-ih- ,oa ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ nksuksa ds fy, xkSjo dk fo"k; gS fd muds }kjk fd;k x;k euksu;u ,oa fu;kstu viuh ijh{kk esa [kjk gh ugha mrj jgk cfYd miyfC/k dks ifjHkkf"kr Hkh dj jgk gSA bl gsrq leLr jkT;ksa dh jkT; leUo;d laLFkk,ssa lk/kqokn dh ik= gSaA vkSj] ;gh dkj.k gS fd ifjek.k dh n`f"V ls fo'o iVy ij ;g ^^lcls cMh+ oSKkfud xfrfof/k** ds :i esa ns[kh tk jgh gSA 19 o"kZ iw.kZ dj 20osa o"kZ esa izos'k dk ;g lQj mRlkgtud gh jgkA ;g vo';aHkkoh gS fd jk"Vª O;kih xfrfof/k ds lapkyu esa jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ ,oa usVodZ dks dbZ ckj dbZ ckj ijs'kkfu;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+k gks ysfdu jk"Vª O;kih usVodZ dh 'kfDr us cPpksa ds bl fe'ku dks vkxs c<+kus esa mu ijs'kkfu;ksa dks xkS.k dj fn;k vkSj dne etcwr gksrs x;sA xfrfof/k dks tgk¡ cPpksa dh mRlkgh lgHkkfxrk feyh ogha ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa dk Hkjiwj lg;ksxA tuin Lrj ij xfrfof/k ds vk;kstu gsrq ftyk leUo;dksa dk lg;ksx bl xfrfof/k dk egRoiw.kZ i{k gSA 1993 ls 2008 rd xfrfof/k ifjek.k dh n`f"V ls dkQh vkxs vk pqdh FkhA ;g eglwl fd;k tkus yxk fd cPpksa ds 'kks/k dk;Z dks vf/kd ifjekftZr ,oa ifj"Ñr djus dh vko';drk gS vkSj blh Øe esa o"kZ 2008 esa vdknfed leUo;dksa dk euksu;u ,d u;s v/;k; ds :i esa tqMk+A vk;kstu gsrq LoSfPNd Hkkouk izcy jgha rFkk fofÙk; lalk/ku dHkh vkMs+ ugha vk, D;ksafd blls tqMk+ gj

lnL; bl xfrfof/k ds lkFk ,d LoSfPNd dk;ZdÙkkZ ds :i essa lkFk gSA fQj Hkh Hkkjr ljdkj us eglwl fd;k vkSj 2009 ls tuin ,oa jkT;ksa gsrq fofÙk; izko/kkuksa dks Hkh iqujhf{kr fd;k x;kA xfrfof/k gsrq tgk¡ jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh ,d 'kh"kZLFk laLFkk ds :i esa mRiszj.k] lg;ksx ,oa vuqJo.k djrh gS ogha ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ jk"Vªh; vk;kstd ds :i esa bldk leUo;u djrk gSA izR;sd jkT; esa fpfUgr jkT; leUo;d laLFkk,sa Lok;Ùk :i ls xfrfof/k dk lapkyu djrh gSA ftlds fy, izR;sd tuin Lrj ij ftyk leUo;d Cykd Lrj ij Cykd leUo;d fujUrj dk;Z dj jgsa gSaA jk"Vªh;] jkT; ,oa tuin Lrjksa ij xfBr vk;kstu lfefr;ksa ds vfrfjDr vdknfed lfefr;kW 'kks/k ifj;kstukvksa ds ifjektZu] ifj"dj.k gsrq mÙkjnk;h gSA jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dksbZ izfr;ksfxrk ugha gSa blh dkj.k fdlh Hkh Lrj ij LFkku iznku djus dh ijEijk ugha gS vfiqr dk;Z dh mRÑ"Brk dks LFkku fn;k x;k gSA izR;sd o"kZ ,d eq[; fo"k; ,oa mifo"k;ksa ds p;u gsrq czsu LVkfeZxa dk;Z'kkyk dj xfrfof/k ekxZnf'kZdk jk"Vªh; Lrj ij rS;kj dh tkrh gS tks o"kZ Hkj fo|kfFkZ;ksa gsrq ,d lqxedÙkkZ dh rjg dk;Z djrh gSA jkT; Lrj ij Hkh ekxZnf'kZdk rS;kj dj leLr fo|ky;ksa rd igqapkbZ tkrh gSA jkT; leUo;dksa] vdknfed leUo;dksa] ftyk leUo;dksa] ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa ,oa ewY;kadu dÙkkZvksa gsrq fofHkUu Lrjksa ij izfro"kZ vfHkeq[khdj.k djuk iwjh xfrfof/k dk vfuok;Z ,oa egRoiw.kZ i{k gSA izk;% ,d eq[; fo"k; 2 o"kksZa ds fy, fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA o"kZ 1993 esa ubZ fnYyh esa vk;ksftr igyh jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk eq[; fo"k; ^^vius i;kZ;oj.k dks tkuks** Fkk tcfd ubZ fnYyh esa gh 1994 esa vk;ksftr nwljh cky foKku dkaxzsl dk eq[; fo"k; ^^ LoPN djks Hkkjr** j[kk x;kA rhljh foKku dkaxzsl o"kZ 1995 esa xqokgkVh esa vk;ksftr dj eq[;

36 37

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

lekt ds LFkkf;Ro ,oa lkE;koLFkk ds ekudksa esa tgkW dbZ rjg ds lwpd gSa ogha lcls cM+k lwpd gS lekt dh dk;Z'kSyhA ;g dk;Z'kSyh O;fDr ds furkUr O;fDrxr {k.kksa] ifjokj] lekt] ns'k] fo'o Lrj ij izfr{k.k ifjyf{kr gksrh gS vkSj fu/kkZfjr djrh gS u dsoy lekt fo'ks"k] O;fDr fo'ks"k vFkok jk"Vª fo'ks"k dk Hkfo"; vfirq lEiw.kZ fo'o] ekuork ,oa ekuo dk Hkfo"; vkSj bl egRoiw.kZ ;k=k esa gj O;fDr egRoiw.kZ gS] mldk gj {k.k egRoiw.kZ gS vkSj mlls Hkh egRoiw.kZ gS mldh oSKkfud lkspA oSKkfud lksp dk rkRi;Z fdlh dks iz[;kr oSKkfud cukus dh vksj /kdsyuk ugha gS mldh lksp ls mldk gj {k.k lgt dj ,d LFkkf;Ro dh vksj ys tkuk gSSA cPps bl J`a[kyk essa lcls vkxs gSa vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ gS D;ksafd Hkfo"; dk f{kfrt mUgha dh ckV tksg jgk gS vkSj os gh Hkfo"; ds fuekZrk gSaA lcls fnypLi ckr rks ;g gS fd ge ftl lqugjs Hkfo"; dh vksj VdVdh yxk;s gSa mls cukus okyk cPpk Lo;a essa ÅtkZoku] dkSrwgy ,oa ftKklkvksa ls Hkjk gS vkSj og dqN ,slk dj nsuk pkgrk gS fd og tks djs og iwjs fo'o esa ,dne vyx gksA mlds lkeus vuUr lEHkkouk,sa gSa] vuUr leL;k,sa gSa vkSj mlus og dqN u;k dj fn[kkus dh Bkuh gS tks mlds

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl

nks n'kd dk lQj

liuksa ds Hkfo"; dks iw.kZ dj ldsA dHkh&dHkh ge vfHkHkkodksa ls xyrh izk;% gks tkrh gS fd ge vius cPps dks oSlk ugha cuus nsuk pkgrs gSa tSlk og cuuk pkgrk gS vfirq ge iz;kl djrs gSa fd og oSlk cus tks gekjs liuksa dk cPpk gS vkSj ;gha ij xEHkhj =qfV gks tkrh gSS A vko';drk gS fd cPpksa esa fufgr lEHkkoukvksa dks lgh jkLrk nsus dh rkfd Hkfo"; ds izfr gekjk ;ksxnku gks ldsA blh ryk'kus ,oa rjk'kus dh igy gS& fo'o dh lcls cMh+ oSKkfud xfrfof/k ^^jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl **tks fd lEiw.kZ ns'k ds 10 ls 17 o"kZ ds cPpksa dks mudh oSKkfud vfHk:fp mtkxj djus dk vf}rh; volj iznku djrk gSA bl volj dks iznku djus gsrq jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh us chM+k mBk;k gS rFkk ns'k Hkj esa blds vk;kstu ,oa leUo;u dh ckxMksj lEHkkyh gS ns'k ds 70 ls vf/kd Loa; lsoh ,oa ljdkjh laLFkkvksa ds ,sls lewg us tks fujUrj foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa yksxksa esa oSKkfud psruk dks izksRlkfgr djus ds mn~ns'; ls dk;Zjr gS vkSj og ns'k ds foKkuk/kkfjr lcls cMs+ usVodZ ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ ds :i esa vkt c[kwch 1993 ls izkjEHk gqbZ ;k=k dks 20 osa o"kZ esa izos'k djkus esa lQy

gks ldk gSA 2 tuojh 1991 dks LFkkfir ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ ls tqMsa+ lnL;ksa us cPpksa dh izfrHkk dks xEHkhjrk ls le>k rFkk bl izfrHkk dks oSKkfud lksp ds ek/;e ls vkxs ykus gsrq jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ds rRdkyhu izHkkxk/;{k Mk- ujsUnz dqekj lgxy ,oa lg;ksfx;ksa ds lkFk oSpkfjd lkE; LFkkfir dj ,d la;qDr fopkj/kkjk ds vUrxZr 1993 esa vkSipkfjd :i ls jksfir fd;k ^^jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl** dk og uUgk ikS/kk tks vkt iwjs jk"Vª gh ugha vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij oV o`{k ds :i esa oSKkfud izfrHkk dh igpku dk i;kZ; cu pqdk gSA bl ikS/ks dk chtkjksi.k 1991 esa Xokfy;j ¼e/; izns'k½ esa NksVs fdUrq ,d lQy iz;ksx ds :i esa gqvk FkkA dgrs gSa ^^yksx tqM+rs x;s vkSj dkjoka curk x;k**] ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ dks tgkW izks- ;'kiky ljh[ks oSKkfud ,oa f'k{kkfon~ dk laj{k.k feyk ogha izks- lej ckxph] izks-,l-ih- oekZ] izks- ,l-,l- jkW;] Mk- ,-ds- xksLokeh] izks-vkj-,u-js tSls O;fDrRoksa dk usr`Ro feykA izks- lh-,e- ukSfV;ky] Jh t;nhi c:ok] Jh vfHkthr o)Zu] Jh jksgrk'k j?kqoa'kh] Jh lqjsUnz f/kxs tSls O;fDr;ksa }kjk usVodZ lfpo ds :i esa vf/k'kk"kh ,oa lkekU; dk;Zdkfj.kh ds

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ls o"kZ 1996 ls tqM+s Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr us mÙkj izns'k ds le; ls gh foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa oSKkfud lksp dk lQj 'kq: fd;kA o"kZ 1996 ls 2000 rd os ftyk leUo;d ds :i esa rFkk jkT; cuus ds ckn jkT; leUo;d ds :i esa mÙkjk[k.M esa jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dks jk"Vªh; Lrj ij ,d fof'k"B ifgpku fnykus esa lQy jgsA cPpksa ,oa vke tuekul esa oSKkfud lksp iSnk djus gsrq ladfYir Mk- v'kksd dqekj iUr Loa; dks lkSHkkX;'kkyh ekurs gSa fd ,d f'k{kd ds :i esa viuh lsok izkjEHk dj dbZ foHkkxksa esa lsok djrs gq, os lekt esa oSKkfud lksp fodflr djus rFkk Hkkoh ih<h+ dks ,d oSKkfud fn'kk nsus gsrq lafo/kku esa visf{kr ekSfyd nkf;Roksa dh iwfrZ djrs gq, dk;Z dj jgs gSaA thou dh fo"kerkvksa ,oa l?ka"kksZa dks >syrs gq, foKku yksdfiz;dj.k ,oa foKku lapkj dks ,d fe'ku ds :i esa ysdj pyus okys Mk- iUr lEizfr ,l-Mh-,l-jk-b-dk- fiFkkSjkx<+ esa iz/kkukpk;Z gSaA mRrjk[k.M jkT; es cky foKku dkaxzsl dks Cykd Lrj rd ys tkdj fo|ky;ksa esa yksdfiz; xfrfof/k cukus ds fy, mUgsa o"kZ 2009 esa jk"Vªh; Lrj ij loZJs"B jkT; leUo;d dk lEeku iznku fd;k x;kA bl fe'ku ds fuoZgu gsrq og dqN Hkh NksM+ nsus dks lnSo rS;kj jgrs gSaA

lEiknd

v'kksd dqekj iUr

leLr lnL;ksa dh lfØ; Hkwfedk ds lkFk mYys[kuh; rjhds ls jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dks vkt ,d l'kDr :i esa LFkkfir fd;k gSA usVoZd ds lapkyu esa Jh jksgrk'k j?kqoa'kh dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jgh gSA cPpksa dh bl vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ xfrfof/k dks Hkkjr ljdkj Lrj ij tgkW izks- ujsUnz dqekj lgxy tSls tUenkrk feys ogha ba- vuqt flUgk] MkW- ds-ds- f}osnh] MkW- ch-ih- flag] MkW- e/kq QqYy ,oa MkW- Mh-ds- ik.Ms tSls oSKkfud feys ftUgksaus Øe'k% 1993 esa ns[ks x;s LoIu dks chlosa iM+ko ij izfr"Bk ds lkFk dsoy igq¡pk;k gh ugha vfirq bls fo'o iVy ij og lEeku fnyk;k fd tgkW vUrjkZ"Vªh; laLFkk,sa bl xfrfof/k ls tqM+ xbZ gSa ogha vkfl;ku ns'kksa ,oa vU; ns'kksa ds tqM+us ls bldk Lo:i vUrjkZ"Vªh; gks pqdk gSA bUVsy ] vk;fjl tSls egRoiw.kZ dk;ZØeksa dk jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ls tqM+uk bldh chl o"kZ dh ;k=k ds egRoiw.kZ v/;k; gSaSA lEiw.kZ ns'k ds 35 jkT;ksa esa ,d:irk ,oa vuq'kkflr rjhds ds lkFk lapkfyr jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl fo|ky; ls izkjEHk gks] tuin Lrj ij rFkk izR;sd jkT; ,oa vUrr% jk"Vªh; Lrj ij Øe'k% vk;ksftr gksrh gSA o"kZ 2009 esa mÙkjk[k.M jkT; us ,d ubZ igy dj Cykd Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vk;ksftr dj blds izlkj dh lEHkkoukvksa gsrqq uokpkjh iz;ksx fd;k vkSj dbZ jkT;ksa esa tuin ls igys Cykd Lrjh; cky foKku dkaxzsl Hkh vk;ksftr dh tkus yxh gSSA mÙkjk[k.M jkT; us ,d vU; igy dh vkSj jkT; ds fo|ky;h f'k{kk foHkkx dks lfØ;rk ls tksM+dj bls jk"Vªh; ek/;fed f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds vkyksd esa leLr fo|ky;ksa dh ,d vfuok;Z 'kSf{kd xfrfof/k ds :i esa ysdj 'kklukns'k tkjh fd;kA mÙkjk[k.M jkT; dh uthj ij dbZ vU; jkT; Hkh f'k{kk foHkkx dks ysdj vkxs vk;s gSaA vkt fLFkfr ;g gS fd lglk lgh vk¡dMs+ tqVk ikuk dfBu gS fd fo|ky; Lrjh; vk;kstuksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq, fdrus cky oSKkfud izfro"kZ bl xfrfof/k esa Lor% LQwrZ rkSj ij tqM+rs gSA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh bl

fo'kky lgHkkfxrk esa egRoiw.kZ gksrs gSa mUgas rS;kj djus okys muds ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdA izR;sd jkT; gsrq ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ }kjk jkT; leUo;d laLFkk;sa fpfUgr dh xbZ gSa tks vius jkT; esa Hkkjr ljdkj ds funsZ'kksa ds Øe esa Lok;Ùk :i ls cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu djrh gaSA ;g cM+s g"kZ dk fo"k; gS fd ns'k ds leLr jkT;ksa esa fpfUgr laLFkk,ssa gj o"kZ u;s&u;s rjhdksa ls xfrfof/k dks izHkkoh cukus gsrq ladfYir gaSA ;g ckr vkj-oh-ih-,l-ih- ,oa ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ nksuksa ds fy, xkSjo dk fo"k; gS fd muds }kjk fd;k x;k euksu;u ,oa fu;kstu viuh ijh{kk esa [kjk gh ugha mrj jgk cfYd miyfC/k dks ifjHkkf"kr Hkh dj jgk gSA bl gsrq leLr jkT;ksa dh jkT; leUo;d laLFkk,ssa lk/kqokn dh ik= gSaA vkSj] ;gh dkj.k gS fd ifjek.k dh n`f"V ls fo'o iVy ij ;g ^^lcls cMh+ oSKkfud xfrfof/k** ds :i esa ns[kh tk jgh gSA 19 o"kZ iw.kZ dj 20osa o"kZ esa izos'k dk ;g lQj mRlkgtud gh jgkA ;g vo';aHkkoh gS fd jk"Vª O;kih xfrfof/k ds lapkyu esa jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ ,oa usVodZ dks dbZ ckj dbZ ckj ijs'kkfu;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+k gks ysfdu jk"Vª O;kih usVodZ dh 'kfDr us cPpksa ds bl fe'ku dks vkxs c<+kus esa mu ijs'kkfu;ksa dks xkS.k dj fn;k vkSj dne etcwr gksrs x;sA xfrfof/k dks tgk¡ cPpksa dh mRlkgh lgHkkfxrk feyh ogha ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa dk Hkjiwj lg;ksxA tuin Lrj ij xfrfof/k ds vk;kstu gsrq ftyk leUo;dksa dk lg;ksx bl xfrfof/k dk egRoiw.kZ i{k gSA 1993 ls 2008 rd xfrfof/k ifjek.k dh n`f"V ls dkQh vkxs vk pqdh FkhA ;g eglwl fd;k tkus yxk fd cPpksa ds 'kks/k dk;Z dks vf/kd ifjekftZr ,oa ifj"Ñr djus dh vko';drk gS vkSj blh Øe esa o"kZ 2008 esa vdknfed leUo;dksa dk euksu;u ,d u;s v/;k; ds :i esa tqMk+A vk;kstu gsrq LoSfPNd Hkkouk izcy jgha rFkk fofÙk; lalk/ku dHkh vkMs+ ugha vk, D;ksafd blls tqMk+ gj

lnL; bl xfrfof/k ds lkFk ,d LoSfPNd dk;ZdÙkkZ ds :i essa lkFk gSA fQj Hkh Hkkjr ljdkj us eglwl fd;k vkSj 2009 ls tuin ,oa jkT;ksa gsrq fofÙk; izko/kkuksa dks Hkh iqujhf{kr fd;k x;kA xfrfof/k gsrq tgk¡ jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx½ Hkkjr ljdkj ubZ fnYyh ,d 'kh"kZLFk laLFkk ds :i esa mRiszj.k] lg;ksx ,oa vuqJo.k djrh gS ogha ,u-lh-,l-Vh-lh- usVodZ jk"Vªh; vk;kstd ds :i esa bldk leUo;u djrk gSA izR;sd jkT; esa fpfUgr jkT; leUo;d laLFkk,sa Lok;Ùk :i ls xfrfof/k dk lapkyu djrh gSA ftlds fy, izR;sd tuin Lrj ij ftyk leUo;d Cykd Lrj ij Cykd leUo;d fujUrj dk;Z dj jgsa gSaA jk"Vªh;] jkT; ,oa tuin Lrjksa ij xfBr vk;kstu lfefr;ksa ds vfrfjDr vdknfed lfefr;kW 'kks/k ifj;kstukvksa ds ifjektZu] ifj"dj.k gsrq mÙkjnk;h gSA jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dksbZ izfr;ksfxrk ugha gSa blh dkj.k fdlh Hkh Lrj ij LFkku iznku djus dh ijEijk ugha gS vfiqr dk;Z dh mRÑ"Brk dks LFkku fn;k x;k gSA izR;sd o"kZ ,d eq[; fo"k; ,oa mifo"k;ksa ds p;u gsrq czsu LVkfeZxa dk;Z'kkyk dj xfrfof/k ekxZnf'kZdk jk"Vªh; Lrj ij rS;kj dh tkrh gS tks o"kZ Hkj fo|kfFkZ;ksa gsrq ,d lqxedÙkkZ dh rjg dk;Z djrh gSA jkT; Lrj ij Hkh ekxZnf'kZdk rS;kj dj leLr fo|ky;ksa rd igqapkbZ tkrh gSA jkT; leUo;dksa] vdknfed leUo;dksa] ftyk leUo;dksa] ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa ,oa ewY;kadu dÙkkZvksa gsrq fofHkUu Lrjksa ij izfro"kZ vfHkeq[khdj.k djuk iwjh xfrfof/k dk vfuok;Z ,oa egRoiw.kZ i{k gSA izk;% ,d eq[; fo"k; 2 o"kksZa ds fy, fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA o"kZ 1993 esa ubZ fnYyh esa vk;ksftr igyh jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk eq[; fo"k; ^^vius i;kZ;oj.k dks tkuks** Fkk tcfd ubZ fnYyh esa gh 1994 esa vk;ksftr nwljh cky foKku dkaxzsl dk eq[; fo"k; ^^ LoPN djks Hkkjr** j[kk x;kA rhljh foKku dkaxzsl o"kZ 1995 esa xqokgkVh esa vk;ksftr dj eq[;

38 39

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

fo"k; iqu% ^^ LoPN djks Hkkjr** gh j[kk x;kA pkSFkh cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^ esjs liuksa dk Hkkjr& vkvks bls lkdkj djsa** fo"k; ij 1996 esa gSnjkckn esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ rFkk o"kZ 1997 esa Hkksiky esa vk;ksftr ik¡poh jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk fo"k; iqu% ogh j[kk x;kA NBh cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu 1998 esa psUubZ esa ^^izÑfr% bls ltk,sa] laokjs vkSj lajf{kr djsa** tSls laosnu'khy fo"k; ij lEiUu gqbZ rFkk lkroha cky foKku dkaxzsl mijksDr fo"k; ij gh xksok jkT; esa 1999 esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2000 esa vk;kstdksa us ijEijkxr Kku dks foKku ls tksM+dj ^^lqugjs Hkfo"; ds fy, ijEijkxr oSKkfud Kku** fo"k; fu/kkZfjr fd;k rFkk vkBoha cky foKku dkaxzsl dksydÙkk esa vkSj blh fo"k; dh iqujko`fÙk djrs gq, uoha cky foKku dkaxzsl 2001 esa iq.ks esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2002 esa nloha cky foKku dkaxzsl eSlwj esa ^^lHkh ds iks"k.k ds fy, [kk| iz.kkyh** fo"k; ij vk;ksftr dh xbZ rFkk blh fo"k; dh iqujko`fÙk ds lkFk o"kZ 2003 esa 11 oha cky foKku dkaxzsl y[kuÅ esa lEiUu gqbZA 12 oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl 2004 esa xqokgkVh esa lEiUu gqbZ ftldk eq[; fo"k; ^^lqugjs Hkfo"; ds fy, ty lalk/kuksa dk iz;ksx** Fkk blh fo"k; dks 13oha cky foKku dkaxszl gsrq Hkh fy;k x;kA 13oha cky foKku dkaxzsl 2005 esa Hkqous'oj esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2006 ,oa 2007 esa 14oha ,oa 15oha cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^tSo fofo/krk&Hkfo"; ds fy, izÑfr dk laiks"k.k djsa** fo"k; ij Øe'k% flfDde ,oa iq.ks esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2008 ,oa o"kZ 2009 esa 16oha ,oa 17oha cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^i`Foh xzg% gekjk ?kj& bls le>sa]lokjsa] vkSj cpk,sa** fo"k; ij Øe'k% nhekiqj ¼ukxkyS.M½ ,oa xqtjkr jkT; esa lEiUu gqbZA 2010 dh jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^Hkwfe lalk/ku% le`f) ds fy, iz;ksx djsa] Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk,sa** fo"k; ij psUubZ rFkk o"kZ 2011 esa mijksDr eq[; fo"k; ds lkFk gh t;iqj esa 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl lQyrkiwoZd lEiUu gksdj

chalosa o"kZ esa izos'k dj xbZ gSA ftl gsrq eq[; fo"k; ij eUFku tkjh gS tks fd 'kh?kz gh ?kksf"kr fd;k tk;sxkA chloha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu cukjl fgUnw fo'ofo|ky; cukjl esa gksuk izLrkfor gSA jk"Vªh; Lrj ij vk;ksftr gksus okyh cky foKku dkaxzsl Lo;a esa ,d ,slk o`gn vk;kstu cu pqdh gS tgk¡ lh[kus ds fy, 5 fnu Hkh de eglwl gksrs gSaA izfro"kZ 27&31 fnlEcj rd vk;ksftr gksus okyh bl cky foKku dkaxzsl esa 35 jkT;ksa ls vkaofVr dksVs ds vk/kkj ij tgk¡ 580 cky oSKkfud fofHkUu jkT;ksa ls vkrs gSa ogha 80 cky oSKkfud lkdZ ns'kksa ls Hkh izfrHkkx djus yxs gSa vkSj bl izdkj dqy 660 cky oSKkfud vius 186 ekxnZ'kd f'k{kdksaa ,oa 47 leUo;dksa ds lkFk bl dkSrqgy Hkjs n`'; dk vkdZ"k.k gksrs gSaA dsoy dksVs ds vk/kkj ij gh dqy cky oSKkfud] f'k{kd] leUo;dksa dh la[;k 893 gksrh gSA ewY;kadu iSuy ds lnL;ksa] vkeaf=r oSKkfud usVodZ lnL;ksa] vk;kstdksa dks tksMk+ tk; rks 1500 ls vf/kd yksxksa dk tekoM+k bl o`gn xfrfof/k dks lQyrk ds vUtke rd iagqpkrk gSA ns'k ds iz[;kr oSKkfudksa ls Qsl Vw Qsl }kjk cky oSKkfudksa dh ftKklk 'kkUr djuk] xfrfof/k dkuZj ds ek/;e ls foKku dh O;kogkfjd gypy] foKku izn'kZuh ds }kjk v/kqukru miyfC/k;ksa ls Nk=ksa dk ifjp;] bl rjg dh vusdkusd xfrfof/k;k¡ tgk¡ cPpksa ds fy, lh[kus dk }kj [kksyrh gSa ogha f'k{kdksa gsrq vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkyk,sa muds fy, u;s lksikuksa dks tUe nsrh gSaA izks- ,-ih-ts- vCnqy dyke] izks- ;'kiky tSls yC/k izfrf"Br oSKkfudksa dh mifLFkfr cPpksa ds fy, vR;Ur vkd"kZd gksrh gSA jk"Vªh; Lrj ij viuh 'kks/k ifj;kstuk dk izLrqfrdj.k cky oSKkfudksa ds fy, tgkW thou ds xkSjo Hkjs {k.k gksrs gSa ogha ;g muesa vkRefo'okl dk iks"kd Hkh gksrk gSA cgqvk;keh {ks=ksa dks ,d lkFk lefUor dj cky oSKkfudksa dks viuh thou ds izfr lan`f"V fu/kkZfjr djus gsrq jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vkt ,d ,slh fLFkfr esa vk xbZ gS fd jk"Vªh; Lrj ij izfrHkkx dk dksVk

c<+kus dh ek¡x lHkh jkT;ksa ls mBus yxh gS D;ksafd vf/kd ls vf/kd cPps foKku xaxk ds bl nqyHkZ uhj dks Li'kZ djus gsrq ykykf;r jgrs gSaA jkT; ls p;fur mRÑ"B 2 ifj;kstukvksa dks Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl tSls vk;kstu esa viuh izLrqfr nsuk bu cky oSKkfudksa ds fy, thou dh ,d egRoiw.kZ miyfC/k ekuh tk ldrh gSA fd'kksj oSKkfud lEesyu ds vUrxZr Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl esa cky oSKkfudksa dk izfrHkkx] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds vk;kstdksa ,oa Hkkjr ljdkj dh ,d o`gn~ lksp ,oa lan`f"V dk ifjpk;d gSA

o"kZ 1993 esa cPpksa dh izkÑfrd ftKklk o l`tukRed dks fodflr djus ds volj iznku djus] foKku lh[kus dh fØ;k dks vkl&ikl ds ifjos'k] okrkoj.k ,oa i;kZ;oj.k ls tksM+us] cPpksa dks vius jk"Vª ds Hkfo"; ds izfr lkFkZd rFkk mi;ksxh lius latksus ,oa mUgsa lkdkj djus gsrq izksRlkgu] cPpksa dks laonsu'khy vkSj ftEesnkj ukxfjd cukus] vkSipkfjd f'k{kk i)fr esa vukSipkfjd rFkk lkFkZd gLr{ksi rFkk tu&tu esa oSKkfud izo`fÙk fodflr djus tSls O;kid mn~ns';ksa dks ysdj NksVs ls iz;kl ls izkjEHk gksdj chlosa o"kZ esa ,d fo'kky ifjek.k ds lkFk fo'o iVy ij izfr"Bkfir cky dsfUnzr jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vc foKku ,oa ekuork ds {ks= esa u;s eqdke r; djsxh vkSj chl o"kksaZ ds lqugjs vuqHkoksa dh 'kfDr ,oa ÅtkZ dks ysdj u dsoy Hkkjr vfirq fo'o ds cPpksa dk ekxZ n'kZu djsxh] ,slh vis{kk ,oa vk'kk,sa leLr Lrj ij blls tqMs+ yksxksa esa ubZ ÅtkZ dk lapkj dj jgh gaSA uo ÅtkZ dh miyfC/k;kW Hkfo"; ds xHkZ esa gSa vkSj geesa gS dsoy bUrtkj] ,d ,slk bUrtkj tgk¡ lq[kn {k.kksa dh vuqHkwfr fuf'pr gSA

iz/kkukpk;Z,l0Mh0,l0 jk0b0dk0 fiFkkSjkx<+jkT; leUo;d jk"Vªh; cky foKku

dkaxzsl] mÙkjk[k.M

igy ds vkxkeh dk;ZØe

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzzsl ds jk"Vªh; vk;kstu esa bl o"kZ ls ;w&dkWLV ds egkfuns'kd Mk- jktsUnz MksHkky us cky oSKkfudksa ds izksRlkgu gsrq jk"Vªh; Lrj ij izfrHkkx djus ds fy, p;fur cky oSKkfudksa ds fy, ,d ;wfuQkWeZ miyC/k djokdj ,d ubZ igy dhA t;iqj us'kuy ;wfuoflZVh t;iqj esa mn~?kkVu ds nkSjku ;w&dkWLV }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ cky oSKkfudksa dh ;wfuQkeZ vU; jkT;ksa ds la;kstdksa ds fy, izsj.kklzksr cuhA fofHkUu jkT;ksa ds jkT; leUo;dksa us ;w&dkWLV dh bl igy dh iaz'klk dh rFkk vius&vius jkT;ksa esa Hkh foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ksa gsrq lans'k ysdj x;sA cky oSKkfudksa dh bl vkd"kZd ;wfuQkeZ ds Lo:i ,oa la;kstu esas ;w&dkWLV ds ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA

ljk"Vªh; foKku fnol 28 Qjojh 2012 ds vk;kstu ds volj ij cky oSKkfudksa ,oa ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa gsrq lEeku lekjksgA

lekWl dk;ZØe dk iqu% lapkyu ekg Qjojh 2012 esa

ljk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ij vfHkeq[khdj.k dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu ekg vizSy 2012 es

;w&dkWLV dh igy cuh vU; jkT;ksa ds fy, uthj

D;k vkSj fdruk\

gekjs 'kjhj esa1- jDr ds rjy Hkkx dks D;k dgrs gSa\

2- jDr dh lkekU; ih,p ¼pH½ D;k gksrh gS\

3- euq"; ds jDr esa fdruk gheksXyksfcu gksrk gS\

4- euq"; ds jDr dk vk;ru D;k gksrk gS\

5- fdl ̂CyMxzqi* dk euq"; lcdks jDr nku dj ldrk gS\

6- gheksXyksfcu fdruh vkDlhtu ys tk ldrk gS\

7- g`n; ls 'kjhj dks ,oa iqu% g`n; dks okil vkus esa jDr dks fdruk le; yxrk gS\

8- euq"; 'kjhj dk lkekU; rkiØe\

9- 'kjhj dh lcls cM+h xzfUFk\

10- NksVh vkWar dh yEckbZ\

11- vkWar ds var rd igq¡pus ,oa iw.kZ vo'kks"k.k ds fy, Hkkstu dks fdruk le; yxrk gS\

12- 'kjhj dk lcls dBksj inkFkZ\

13- vUnj yh xbZ gok esa dkSu&dkSu lh xSls fdl ek=k esa gksrh gS\

14- ckgj fudkyh xbZ gok esa xSlsa vkSj mudh ek=k

15- LoLFk euq"; esa yky jDr df.kdkvksa dh ek=k\

16- 'kjhj esa dqy yky jDr df.kdk,¡ \

17- 'kjhj esa yky jDr df.kdk,¡ dgk¡ vkSj fdruh la[;k esa curh gS\

18- fdruh yky jDr df.kdk,¡ dgk¡&dgk¡ u"V gksrh gS\

19- 'osr jDr df.kdkvksa dh lkekU; x.kuk fdruh gksrh gS\

20- yky ,oa 'osr jDr df.kdkvksa dk vuqikr\

21- jDr IysVysV~l dh dqy la[;k\

22- g`n; xfr dh lkekU; nj\

23- g`n; ds izR;sd ladqpu ds ckn fdruk jDr /kefu;ksa esa iEi fd;k tkrk gS\

24- 24 ?kaVs esa g`n; }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z\

25 ,d efgyk esa vkSlr jDr vk;ru\

26- lkekU; jDr nkc\

27- euq"; esa 'olu nj\

28- efLr"d dk vkSlr Hkkj\

29- euq"; 'kjhj esa fdruh vfLFk;k¡ gSa\

30- ek¡l isf'k;ksa dh dqy la[;k\

31- 'kjhj ij [kky dk dqy ifjek.k fdruk gksrk gS\

32- euq"; dh [kky esa raf=dkvksa dh dqy yEckbZ\

33- psgjs esa dqy gfM~M;k¡\

34- jh<+ dh gM~Mh dh dqy gfM~M;k¡\

35- nksuksa vxz ckgq rFkk i'piknksa esa Øe'k% fdruh gfM~M;k¡ gksrh gSa\

36- jDr df.kdkvksa rFkk IysVysV~l dk thou dky fdruk gksrk gS\

¼mRrj ds fy, i`"B la[;k 60 ns[ksa½

foKku fDot

38 39

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

fo"k; iqu% ^^ LoPN djks Hkkjr** gh j[kk x;kA pkSFkh cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^ esjs liuksa dk Hkkjr& vkvks bls lkdkj djsa** fo"k; ij 1996 esa gSnjkckn esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ rFkk o"kZ 1997 esa Hkksiky esa vk;ksftr ik¡poh jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk fo"k; iqu% ogh j[kk x;kA NBh cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu 1998 esa psUubZ esa ^^izÑfr% bls ltk,sa] laokjs vkSj lajf{kr djsa** tSls laosnu'khy fo"k; ij lEiUu gqbZ rFkk lkroha cky foKku dkaxzsl mijksDr fo"k; ij gh xksok jkT; esa 1999 esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2000 esa vk;kstdksa us ijEijkxr Kku dks foKku ls tksM+dj ^^lqugjs Hkfo"; ds fy, ijEijkxr oSKkfud Kku** fo"k; fu/kkZfjr fd;k rFkk vkBoha cky foKku dkaxzsl dksydÙkk esa vkSj blh fo"k; dh iqujko`fÙk djrs gq, uoha cky foKku dkaxzsl 2001 esa iq.ks esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2002 esa nloha cky foKku dkaxzsl eSlwj esa ^^lHkh ds iks"k.k ds fy, [kk| iz.kkyh** fo"k; ij vk;ksftr dh xbZ rFkk blh fo"k; dh iqujko`fÙk ds lkFk o"kZ 2003 esa 11 oha cky foKku dkaxzsl y[kuÅ esa lEiUu gqbZA 12 oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl 2004 esa xqokgkVh esa lEiUu gqbZ ftldk eq[; fo"k; ^^lqugjs Hkfo"; ds fy, ty lalk/kuksa dk iz;ksx** Fkk blh fo"k; dks 13oha cky foKku dkaxszl gsrq Hkh fy;k x;kA 13oha cky foKku dkaxzsl 2005 esa Hkqous'oj esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2006 ,oa 2007 esa 14oha ,oa 15oha cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^tSo fofo/krk&Hkfo"; ds fy, izÑfr dk laiks"k.k djsa** fo"k; ij Øe'k% flfDde ,oa iq.ks esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA o"kZ 2008 ,oa o"kZ 2009 esa 16oha ,oa 17oha cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^i`Foh xzg% gekjk ?kj& bls le>sa]lokjsa] vkSj cpk,sa** fo"k; ij Øe'k% nhekiqj ¼ukxkyS.M½ ,oa xqtjkr jkT; esa lEiUu gqbZA 2010 dh jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ^^Hkwfe lalk/ku% le`f) ds fy, iz;ksx djsa] Hkfo"; ds fy, cpk,sa** fo"k; ij psUubZ rFkk o"kZ 2011 esa mijksDr eq[; fo"k; ds lkFk gh t;iqj esa 19oha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl lQyrkiwoZd lEiUu gksdj

chalosa o"kZ esa izos'k dj xbZ gSA ftl gsrq eq[; fo"k; ij eUFku tkjh gS tks fd 'kh?kz gh ?kksf"kr fd;k tk;sxkA chloha jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl dk vk;kstu cukjl fgUnw fo'ofo|ky; cukjl esa gksuk izLrkfor gSA jk"Vªh; Lrj ij vk;ksftr gksus okyh cky foKku dkaxzsl Lo;a esa ,d ,slk o`gn vk;kstu cu pqdh gS tgk¡ lh[kus ds fy, 5 fnu Hkh de eglwl gksrs gSaA izfro"kZ 27&31 fnlEcj rd vk;ksftr gksus okyh bl cky foKku dkaxzsl esa 35 jkT;ksa ls vkaofVr dksVs ds vk/kkj ij tgk¡ 580 cky oSKkfud fofHkUu jkT;ksa ls vkrs gSa ogha 80 cky oSKkfud lkdZ ns'kksa ls Hkh izfrHkkx djus yxs gSa vkSj bl izdkj dqy 660 cky oSKkfud vius 186 ekxnZ'kd f'k{kdksaa ,oa 47 leUo;dksa ds lkFk bl dkSrqgy Hkjs n`'; dk vkdZ"k.k gksrs gSaA dsoy dksVs ds vk/kkj ij gh dqy cky oSKkfud] f'k{kd] leUo;dksa dh la[;k 893 gksrh gSA ewY;kadu iSuy ds lnL;ksa] vkeaf=r oSKkfud usVodZ lnL;ksa] vk;kstdksa dks tksMk+ tk; rks 1500 ls vf/kd yksxksa dk tekoM+k bl o`gn xfrfof/k dks lQyrk ds vUtke rd iagqpkrk gSA ns'k ds iz[;kr oSKkfudksa ls Qsl Vw Qsl }kjk cky oSKkfudksa dh ftKklk 'kkUr djuk] xfrfof/k dkuZj ds ek/;e ls foKku dh O;kogkfjd gypy] foKku izn'kZuh ds }kjk v/kqukru miyfC/k;ksa ls Nk=ksa dk ifjp;] bl rjg dh vusdkusd xfrfof/k;k¡ tgk¡ cPpksa ds fy, lh[kus dk }kj [kksyrh gSa ogha f'k{kdksa gsrq vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkyk,sa muds fy, u;s lksikuksa dks tUe nsrh gSaA izks- ,-ih-ts- vCnqy dyke] izks- ;'kiky tSls yC/k izfrf"Br oSKkfudksa dh mifLFkfr cPpksa ds fy, vR;Ur vkd"kZd gksrh gSA jk"Vªh; Lrj ij viuh 'kks/k ifj;kstuk dk izLrqfrdj.k cky oSKkfudksa ds fy, tgkW thou ds xkSjo Hkjs {k.k gksrs gSa ogha ;g muesa vkRefo'okl dk iks"kd Hkh gksrk gSA cgqvk;keh {ks=ksa dks ,d lkFk lefUor dj cky oSKkfudksa dks viuh thou ds izfr lan`f"V fu/kkZfjr djus gsrq jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vkt ,d ,slh fLFkfr esa vk xbZ gS fd jk"Vªh; Lrj ij izfrHkkx dk dksVk

c<+kus dh ek¡x lHkh jkT;ksa ls mBus yxh gS D;ksafd vf/kd ls vf/kd cPps foKku xaxk ds bl nqyHkZ uhj dks Li'kZ djus gsrq ykykf;r jgrs gSaA jkT; ls p;fur mRÑ"B 2 ifj;kstukvksa dks Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl tSls vk;kstu esa viuh izLrqfr nsuk bu cky oSKkfudksa ds fy, thou dh ,d egRoiw.kZ miyfC/k ekuh tk ldrh gSA fd'kksj oSKkfud lEesyu ds vUrxZr Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl esa cky oSKkfudksa dk izfrHkkx] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ds vk;kstdksa ,oa Hkkjr ljdkj dh ,d o`gn~ lksp ,oa lan`f"V dk ifjpk;d gSA

o"kZ 1993 esa cPpksa dh izkÑfrd ftKklk o l`tukRed dks fodflr djus ds volj iznku djus] foKku lh[kus dh fØ;k dks vkl&ikl ds ifjos'k] okrkoj.k ,oa i;kZ;oj.k ls tksM+us] cPpksa dks vius jk"Vª ds Hkfo"; ds izfr lkFkZd rFkk mi;ksxh lius latksus ,oa mUgsa lkdkj djus gsrq izksRlkgu] cPpksa dks laonsu'khy vkSj ftEesnkj ukxfjd cukus] vkSipkfjd f'k{kk i)fr esa vukSipkfjd rFkk lkFkZd gLr{ksi rFkk tu&tu esa oSKkfud izo`fÙk fodflr djus tSls O;kid mn~ns';ksa dks ysdj NksVs ls iz;kl ls izkjEHk gksdj chlosa o"kZ esa ,d fo'kky ifjek.k ds lkFk fo'o iVy ij izfr"Bkfir cky dsfUnzr jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl vc foKku ,oa ekuork ds {ks= esa u;s eqdke r; djsxh vkSj chl o"kksaZ ds lqugjs vuqHkoksa dh 'kfDr ,oa ÅtkZ dks ysdj u dsoy Hkkjr vfirq fo'o ds cPpksa dk ekxZ n'kZu djsxh] ,slh vis{kk ,oa vk'kk,sa leLr Lrj ij blls tqMs+ yksxksa esa ubZ ÅtkZ dk lapkj dj jgh gaSA uo ÅtkZ dh miyfC/k;kW Hkfo"; ds xHkZ esa gSa vkSj geesa gS dsoy bUrtkj] ,d ,slk bUrtkj tgk¡ lq[kn {k.kksa dh vuqHkwfr fuf'pr gSA

iz/kkukpk;Z,l0Mh0,l0 jk0b0dk0 fiFkkSjkx<+jkT; leUo;d jk"Vªh; cky foKku

dkaxzsl] mÙkjk[k.M

igy ds vkxkeh dk;ZØe

jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzzsl ds jk"Vªh; vk;kstu esa bl o"kZ ls ;w&dkWLV ds egkfuns'kd Mk- jktsUnz MksHkky us cky oSKkfudksa ds izksRlkgu gsrq jk"Vªh; Lrj ij izfrHkkx djus ds fy, p;fur cky oSKkfudksa ds fy, ,d ;wfuQkWeZ miyC/k djokdj ,d ubZ igy dhA t;iqj us'kuy ;wfuoflZVh t;iqj esa mn~?kkVu ds nkSjku ;w&dkWLV }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ cky oSKkfudksa dh ;wfuQkeZ vU; jkT;ksa ds la;kstdksa ds fy, izsj.kklzksr cuhA fofHkUu jkT;ksa ds jkT; leUo;dksa us ;w&dkWLV dh bl igy dh iaz'klk dh rFkk vius&vius jkT;ksa esa Hkh foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ksa gsrq lans'k ysdj x;sA cky oSKkfudksa dh bl vkd"kZd ;wfuQkeZ ds Lo:i ,oa la;kstu esas ;w&dkWLV ds ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky dk mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku jgkA

ljk"Vªh; foKku fnol 28 Qjojh 2012 ds vk;kstu ds volj ij cky oSKkfudksa ,oa ekxZn'kZd f'k{kdksa gsrq lEeku lekjksgA

lekWl dk;ZØe dk iqu% lapkyu ekg Qjojh 2012 esa

ljk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl ij vfHkeq[khdj.k dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu ekg vizSy 2012 es

;w&dkWLV dh igy cuh vU; jkT;ksa ds fy, uthj

D;k vkSj fdruk\

gekjs 'kjhj esa1- jDr ds rjy Hkkx dks D;k dgrs gSa\

2- jDr dh lkekU; ih,p ¼pH½ D;k gksrh gS\

3- euq"; ds jDr esa fdruk gheksXyksfcu gksrk gS\

4- euq"; ds jDr dk vk;ru D;k gksrk gS\

5- fdl ̂CyMxzqi* dk euq"; lcdks jDr nku dj ldrk gS\

6- gheksXyksfcu fdruh vkDlhtu ys tk ldrk gS\

7- g`n; ls 'kjhj dks ,oa iqu% g`n; dks okil vkus esa jDr dks fdruk le; yxrk gS\

8- euq"; 'kjhj dk lkekU; rkiØe\

9- 'kjhj dh lcls cM+h xzfUFk\

10- NksVh vkWar dh yEckbZ\

11- vkWar ds var rd igq¡pus ,oa iw.kZ vo'kks"k.k ds fy, Hkkstu dks fdruk le; yxrk gS\

12- 'kjhj dk lcls dBksj inkFkZ\

13- vUnj yh xbZ gok esa dkSu&dkSu lh xSls fdl ek=k esa gksrh gS\

14- ckgj fudkyh xbZ gok esa xSlsa vkSj mudh ek=k

15- LoLFk euq"; esa yky jDr df.kdkvksa dh ek=k\

16- 'kjhj esa dqy yky jDr df.kdk,¡ \

17- 'kjhj esa yky jDr df.kdk,¡ dgk¡ vkSj fdruh la[;k esa curh gS\

18- fdruh yky jDr df.kdk,¡ dgk¡&dgk¡ u"V gksrh gS\

19- 'osr jDr df.kdkvksa dh lkekU; x.kuk fdruh gksrh gS\

20- yky ,oa 'osr jDr df.kdkvksa dk vuqikr\

21- jDr IysVysV~l dh dqy la[;k\

22- g`n; xfr dh lkekU; nj\

23- g`n; ds izR;sd ladqpu ds ckn fdruk jDr /kefu;ksa esa iEi fd;k tkrk gS\

24- 24 ?kaVs esa g`n; }kjk fd;k x;k dk;Z\

25 ,d efgyk esa vkSlr jDr vk;ru\

26- lkekU; jDr nkc\

27- euq"; esa 'olu nj\

28- efLr"d dk vkSlr Hkkj\

29- euq"; 'kjhj esa fdruh vfLFk;k¡ gSa\

30- ek¡l isf'k;ksa dh dqy la[;k\

31- 'kjhj ij [kky dk dqy ifjek.k fdruk gksrk gS\

32- euq"; dh [kky esa raf=dkvksa dh dqy yEckbZ\

33- psgjs esa dqy gfM~M;k¡\

34- jh<+ dh gM~Mh dh dqy gfM~M;k¡\

35- nksuksa vxz ckgq rFkk i'piknksa esa Øe'k% fdruh gfM~M;k¡ gksrh gSa\

36- jDr df.kdkvksa rFkk IysVysV~l dk thou dky fdruk gksrk gS\

¼mRrj ds fy, i`"B la[;k 60 ns[ksa½

foKku fDot

40 41

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

x.kra= ds 62 o"kZ

^bZySDVªksfud oksfVax e'khu* ¼bZŒ ohŒ ,eŒ½

foKku us peRd`r djus okyh izxrh dhA Lora=rk ds yxHkx 65 o x.kra= cuus ds i'pkr~ 62 o"kksZa us u tkus fdrus yksdra=h; pquko o ernku ns[ksA cSyV&cDlksa esa oksV Mkys tkrs FksA fQj cM+s&cM+s iaMkyksa esa oksVksa dh fxurh gksrh FkhA le; cnyk] vkSj o"kZ 1999 ls vkaf'kd #i ls o 2002 ls iw.kZr% vke pqukoksa o jkT; ds pqukoksa esa ^bySDVªksfud oksfVax e'khu* ¼bZ0oh0,e0½ dk iz;ksx fd;k tkus yxk ftlls ernku djus o ifj.kkeksa dks ?kksf"kr djus esa dkQh le; dh cpr gksus yxhA oSls] bZ0oh0,e0 dk loZizFke mi;ksx] dsjy jkT; dh mÙkjh ikjkoqj fo/kku lHkk ds mipquko ¼dsoy 50 ernku dsUnzksa ij½ esa] 1982 esa fd;k x;k FkkA mRlkgo/kZd ifj.kkeksa ls izHkkfor gksdj ukxkySaM us Hkh mlh o"kZ bZ0oh0,e0 dk iz;ksx fd;kA Hkkjr ds vfrfjDr] iM+kslh ns'kksa HkwVku o usiky us Hkh vius fiNys vke pqukoksa esa Hkkjrh; bZ0oh0,e0 dk mi;ksx fd;kA

yksdra= dh peRdkjh e'khu!

1- dSlh gksrh gS ;g dSls dk;Z djrh gS\ & Hkkjrh; bZ0oh0,e0 esa nks midj.k bdkbZ;k¡ gksrh gSa & ,d dUVªksy ;wfuV o nwljh ernku ;wfuVA nksuksa bdkbZ;k¡ yxHkx 5 ehVj rkj ls tqM+h gksrh gSaA ^dUVªksy bdkbZ* ernku vf/kdkjh ;k ihBklhu vf/kdkjh dh ikl gksrh gS] tcfd ernku bdkbZ* ¼cSysfVax ;wfuV½ ernku LFky ij j[kh tkrh gSA cSyV&isij nsus dh ctk; ernku vf/kdkjh dUVªksy ;wfuV dk ^cSyV cVu* nckrk gS vkSj fQj ernkrk] ^ernku bZdkbZ* ds ml ^uhys cVu* dks nckrk gS] tks mlds eauilan izR;k'kh ds pquko fpUg ds lkeus yxk gksrk gSaA tSls gh ernkrk uhyk cVu nckrk gS rks pquko fpUg ds ckbZ vksj yxk ,d NksVk yky cYc tyrk gS vkSj lkFk&gh&lkFk ,d yEch ^chi* ¼lhVh tSlh /ouh½ lqukbZ nsrh gSA bl izdkj izdk'k o /ouh nksuksa ladsr ;g crkrs gSa fd ernkrk }kjk fn;k er vafdr ¼fjdkMZ½ gks pqdk gSa tSls gh vfUre ernkrk er ns nsrk gS rks ihBklhu vf/kdkjh ^Dykst+* cVu nck nsrk gS] ftlds i'pkr~ bZ0oh0,e0 esa dksbZ oksV ugha vafdr fd;k tk ldrkA ernku bdkbZ esa mrus gh uhys cVu yxs gksrs gSa ftrus izR;kf'k;ksa dk izkfo/kku ,d ernku bdkbZ esa gksrk gSA

bZ0oh0,e0 vkSj orZeku esa ,d bZ0oh0,e0 vf/kd ls vf/kd 64 izR;kf'k;ksa dk lekos'k dj ldrh gSA ,d cSysfVax ;wfuV ¼ernku bdkbZ½ esa de ls de 16 izR;kf'k;ksa dk izkfo/kku gksrk gSA ;fn izR;kf'k;ksa dh dqy la[;k 16 ls vf/kd gS rks] ,d nwljh bdkbZ dks izFke bdkbZ ds lekukUrj tksM+k tkrk gS] vkSj ;g izfØ;k pkj bdkbZ;ksa ds tksM+sa tkus rd viukbZ tk ldrh gS] rkfd la[;k 64 rd gks tk,A tgk¡ rd erksa dh la[;k dk iz'u gS] ,d bZ0oh0,e0 esa 3840 er vafdr fd;s tk ldrs gSa ¼lkekU;r% ,d iksfyax cwFk ij 1400 oksVj vkcafVr gksrs gSaA½

;fn izR;kf'k;ksa dh la[;k bZ0oh0,e0 dh dqy {kerk ls de gS rks mi;ksx esa ykus ls iwoZ vfrfjDr cVuksa ,oa muds lkeus ds [kkyh LFkkuksa dks <d fn;k tkrk gSA

uhuk xqIrk

nksuksa bdkbZ;ksa dks tksM+us okyk rkj

daVªksy bdkbZ cSyV bdkbZ

ernku lekIr gksus ij ^cSysfVax bdkbZ* dks ^dUVªksy bZdkbZ* ls vyx dj fy;k tkrk gS vkSj ihBklhu vf/kdkjh dqy fn;s x;s erksa dh la[;k dks ^iksfyax ,tsUV* dks uksV djk nsrk gSA bl la[;k dk feyku dkÅfUVax ,tsUV }kjk erx.kuk ds le; fd;k tk ldrk gSA

2- dkSu cukrk gS bZ0oh0,e0\ 6 oksYV ,YdykbZu cSVjh ls pyus okyh bl e'khu dk mRiknu Hkkjr bZySDVªksfuDl fy0 cSaxyw: o bZySDVªksfud dkiksZjs'ku vkWQ bf.M;k fy0] gSnjkckn }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA bl e'khu dk mi;ksx ogk¡ Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gS tgk¡ fctyh ugha gksrhA ernku ds i'pkr~ ^cSVsjh* dks fudky dj vyx j[k fy;k tkrk gSA ;fn fookn dh fLFkfr esa U;k;ky; }kjk iquZxjkkuk ds vkns'k gksrs gSa rks ^dUVªksy bdkbZ* dks cSVjh yxkdj iqu% lfØ; fd;k tk ldrk gSA

3- D;k ^dUVªksy ;wfuV* vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gS\ ;g bdkbZ gh vf/kd egRo dh gS] D;ksafd blh esa lEiw.kkZ vk¡dM+sa ^LVksj* gksrs gSaA tks bySDVªksfud ^izksxzke* bl bdkbZ dh dk;Z{kerk dks fu;af=r djrk gS og flfydkWu dh cuh lw{e ^fpi* esa vafdr dj fn;k tkrk gS ftls ,d ckj cu tkus ds ckn dksbZ Hkh ¼mRiknudrkZ Hkh ugha½ ifjofrZr ugha dj ldrk vFkkZr ;g ^ou VkbZe izksxzkesfcy csfll* ij dk;Z djrh gSA

;g e'khu ^vkj0vks0,e0* ¼jhM vksuyh eseksjh½ iz.kkyh ij dk;Z djrh gSA ,d dUVªksy bZdkbZ dh ^eseksjh* esa 10 o"kksZa ls Hkh vf/kd le; rd vk¡dM+ksa dks lafpr ¼^LVksj*½ j[kk tk ldrk gSA

3- D;k bZ0oh0,e0 dks fdlh ,d

izR;k'kh ds i{k esa ^izh&izksxzke* fd;k tk ldrk gS\ & ugha ! D;ksafd ftl Øe esa izR;kf'k;ksa ;k ikVhZ ds uke cSysfVax bdkbZ ij gksrs gSa] og ukekadu ds Øe o ukekadu dh oS?krk ij fuHkZj djrk gS] ftldk iwokZHkkl djuk dfBu gSA lkFk gh lkFk ;g ugha ekywe gksrk fd dkSu lh e'khu fdl ernku dsUnz ij Hksth tk;sxhA izR;sd ^dUVªksy bdkbZ* dh ,d fof'k"V ^vkbZ0Mh0 la[;k gksrh gS tks ijekusUV ekdZj ls ml ij fy[kh tkrh gSA bl la[;k dks ihBhlhu vf/kdkjh viuh iaftdk esa rks vafdr djrs gh gSa] mls ernku vfHkdrkZ ¼iksfyax ,tsUV½ Hkh uksV dj ysrs gSaA

4- D;k bZ0oh0,e0 ls QthZ ernku gks ldrk gS\ ugha ! ernku e'khu ij ckj&ckj cVu nckus ij ,d ls vf/kd ckj fdlh ds i{k esa er nsuk laHkko ugha gksrkA tSls gh ,d ckj ^uhyk cVu* nck;k tkrk gS] ^oksV* vafdr gks tkrk gS vkSj e'khu ^ykWd* gks tkrh gSA bl izdkj ;g e'khu ^,d O;fDr ,d oksV* fl)k¡r ij dk;Z djrh gSA nwljh vksj ,d bZ0oh0,e0 bl izdkj dEI;wVjhd`r gS fd og 1 feuV es dsoy 5 oksV gh vafdr dj ldrh gS vkSj ,d bZ0oh0,e0 esa rks 3840 oksV gh lafpr gks ldrs gSaA QthZ ernkrk ds fy, ;s rduhdh vM+pus dfBukbZ rks iSnk djsaxh ghA ¼fQj] bl nqfu;k esa D;k laHko ugha gS\ ^cwFk dSIpfjad* tSlh ?kVukvksa dks rks ge lqurs gh jgrs gSa vkSj ;fn dksbZ bZ0oh0,e0 gh mBk ys tk;s rks dksbZ dj Hkh D;k ldsxk\ gk¡] vk'kadk gksus ij ihBklhu vf/kdkjh dUVªksy ;wfuV dk ^Dykst* cVu nckdj ernku can djus dk lkgl dj ysrk gS½A

5- bZ0oh0,e0 }kjk ,d n`f"Vghu O;fDr dSls ernku dj ldrk gS\fodyk¡x O;fDr;ksa ds leku] n`f"Vghu O;fDr;ksa dks ernku djus ds fy, vius lkFk ,d lkFkh ys tkus dh vuqefr gksrh gSA tks mlds lkFk ernku d{k rd tk ldrk gSA cgqr lh bZ0oh0,e0 dh cSysV ;wfuV ij ^czsy* fyfi esa izR;k'kh dk Øekad vafdr gksrk gSaA blds fy, ihBklhu vf/kdkjh }kjk ,Slk eri= iznku fd;k tkrk gS ftlij izR;kf'k;ksa ds uke o Øekad gksrs gSaA mUgh esa ls vius eu ialn izR;k'kh dh lwpuk dks uksV dj og eri= okil ykSVk fn;k tkrk gS vkSj fQj ^czsy* fyfi dk iz;ksx dj us=ghu O;fDr }kjk ernku fd;k tkrk gSA

jkT; fo/kku lHkk pquko] 2012 pquko fpà Hkh czsy fyfi esa ¼nS0 fgUnqLrku] 20 fnl0] 2011½ fuokZpu vk;ksx us bl ckj ernku esa n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa dh lqfo/kk dk fo'ks"k [;ky j[kk gSA blfy, bl ckj cSysV ;wfuV esa ekewyh ifjorZu djrs gq, czsy fyfi esa Hkh pquko fpà ntZ fd, x, gSaA ,sls esa i<+s fy[ks n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa dks ernku djus esa lqfo/kk fey ldsxhA

vHkh rd cSysV ;wfuV ds vykok n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa ds fy, ,d vyx ls xÙkk j[kk tkrk FkkA bl ij czsy fyfi esa fu'kku cus jgrs FksA blh vk/kkj ij n`f"Vghu ernkrk oksfVax djrs Fks ysfdu bl ckj fuokZpu vk;ksx us cSysV ;wfuV esa la'kks/ku dj n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa dh lqfo/kk ds fy, ;wfuV esa gh czsy fyfi esa fu'kku cuok fn, gSaA ;g fu'kku Bhd mu fu'kkuksa ds uhps cus gSa tgka lkekU; ernkrk ds iq'k djus ds fy, cVu cus gq, gSaA

bdkbZ cVu

fMlIys lsD'ku

cSyV lsD'ku

;ksx cVu

daVªksy bdkbZ

ernku cYc

izR;k'kh lsV lsD'ku

ifj.kke lsD'ku

cSyV cVu

yky cVufLop cVu

izR;k'kh dk cVu

izR;k'kh cYc

eri= LØhu

cSyV bdkbZ

40 41

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

x.kra= ds 62 o"kZ

^bZySDVªksfud oksfVax e'khu* ¼bZŒ ohŒ ,eŒ½

foKku us peRd`r djus okyh izxrh dhA Lora=rk ds yxHkx 65 o x.kra= cuus ds i'pkr~ 62 o"kksZa us u tkus fdrus yksdra=h; pquko o ernku ns[ksA cSyV&cDlksa esa oksV Mkys tkrs FksA fQj cM+s&cM+s iaMkyksa esa oksVksa dh fxurh gksrh FkhA le; cnyk] vkSj o"kZ 1999 ls vkaf'kd #i ls o 2002 ls iw.kZr% vke pqukoksa o jkT; ds pqukoksa esa ^bySDVªksfud oksfVax e'khu* ¼bZ0oh0,e0½ dk iz;ksx fd;k tkus yxk ftlls ernku djus o ifj.kkeksa dks ?kksf"kr djus esa dkQh le; dh cpr gksus yxhA oSls] bZ0oh0,e0 dk loZizFke mi;ksx] dsjy jkT; dh mÙkjh ikjkoqj fo/kku lHkk ds mipquko ¼dsoy 50 ernku dsUnzksa ij½ esa] 1982 esa fd;k x;k FkkA mRlkgo/kZd ifj.kkeksa ls izHkkfor gksdj ukxkySaM us Hkh mlh o"kZ bZ0oh0,e0 dk iz;ksx fd;kA Hkkjr ds vfrfjDr] iM+kslh ns'kksa HkwVku o usiky us Hkh vius fiNys vke pqukoksa esa Hkkjrh; bZ0oh0,e0 dk mi;ksx fd;kA

yksdra= dh peRdkjh e'khu!

1- dSlh gksrh gS ;g dSls dk;Z djrh gS\ & Hkkjrh; bZ0oh0,e0 esa nks midj.k bdkbZ;k¡ gksrh gSa & ,d dUVªksy ;wfuV o nwljh ernku ;wfuVA nksuksa bdkbZ;k¡ yxHkx 5 ehVj rkj ls tqM+h gksrh gSaA ^dUVªksy bdkbZ* ernku vf/kdkjh ;k ihBklhu vf/kdkjh dh ikl gksrh gS] tcfd ernku bdkbZ* ¼cSysfVax ;wfuV½ ernku LFky ij j[kh tkrh gSA cSyV&isij nsus dh ctk; ernku vf/kdkjh dUVªksy ;wfuV dk ^cSyV cVu* nckrk gS vkSj fQj ernkrk] ^ernku bZdkbZ* ds ml ^uhys cVu* dks nckrk gS] tks mlds eauilan izR;k'kh ds pquko fpUg ds lkeus yxk gksrk gSaA tSls gh ernkrk uhyk cVu nckrk gS rks pquko fpUg ds ckbZ vksj yxk ,d NksVk yky cYc tyrk gS vkSj lkFk&gh&lkFk ,d yEch ^chi* ¼lhVh tSlh /ouh½ lqukbZ nsrh gSA bl izdkj izdk'k o /ouh nksuksa ladsr ;g crkrs gSa fd ernkrk }kjk fn;k er vafdr ¼fjdkMZ½ gks pqdk gSa tSls gh vfUre ernkrk er ns nsrk gS rks ihBklhu vf/kdkjh ^Dykst+* cVu nck nsrk gS] ftlds i'pkr~ bZ0oh0,e0 esa dksbZ oksV ugha vafdr fd;k tk ldrkA ernku bdkbZ esa mrus gh uhys cVu yxs gksrs gSa ftrus izR;kf'k;ksa dk izkfo/kku ,d ernku bdkbZ esa gksrk gSA

bZ0oh0,e0 vkSj orZeku esa ,d bZ0oh0,e0 vf/kd ls vf/kd 64 izR;kf'k;ksa dk lekos'k dj ldrh gSA ,d cSysfVax ;wfuV ¼ernku bdkbZ½ esa de ls de 16 izR;kf'k;ksa dk izkfo/kku gksrk gSA ;fn izR;kf'k;ksa dh dqy la[;k 16 ls vf/kd gS rks] ,d nwljh bdkbZ dks izFke bdkbZ ds lekukUrj tksM+k tkrk gS] vkSj ;g izfØ;k pkj bdkbZ;ksa ds tksM+sa tkus rd viukbZ tk ldrh gS] rkfd la[;k 64 rd gks tk,A tgk¡ rd erksa dh la[;k dk iz'u gS] ,d bZ0oh0,e0 esa 3840 er vafdr fd;s tk ldrs gSa ¼lkekU;r% ,d iksfyax cwFk ij 1400 oksVj vkcafVr gksrs gSaA½

;fn izR;kf'k;ksa dh la[;k bZ0oh0,e0 dh dqy {kerk ls de gS rks mi;ksx esa ykus ls iwoZ vfrfjDr cVuksa ,oa muds lkeus ds [kkyh LFkkuksa dks <d fn;k tkrk gSA

uhuk xqIrk

nksuksa bdkbZ;ksa dks tksM+us okyk rkj

daVªksy bdkbZ cSyV bdkbZ

ernku lekIr gksus ij ^cSysfVax bdkbZ* dks ^dUVªksy bZdkbZ* ls vyx dj fy;k tkrk gS vkSj ihBklhu vf/kdkjh dqy fn;s x;s erksa dh la[;k dks ^iksfyax ,tsUV* dks uksV djk nsrk gSA bl la[;k dk feyku dkÅfUVax ,tsUV }kjk erx.kuk ds le; fd;k tk ldrk gSA

2- dkSu cukrk gS bZ0oh0,e0\ 6 oksYV ,YdykbZu cSVjh ls pyus okyh bl e'khu dk mRiknu Hkkjr bZySDVªksfuDl fy0 cSaxyw: o bZySDVªksfud dkiksZjs'ku vkWQ bf.M;k fy0] gSnjkckn }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA bl e'khu dk mi;ksx ogk¡ Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gS tgk¡ fctyh ugha gksrhA ernku ds i'pkr~ ^cSVsjh* dks fudky dj vyx j[k fy;k tkrk gSA ;fn fookn dh fLFkfr esa U;k;ky; }kjk iquZxjkkuk ds vkns'k gksrs gSa rks ^dUVªksy bdkbZ* dks cSVjh yxkdj iqu% lfØ; fd;k tk ldrk gSA

3- D;k ^dUVªksy ;wfuV* vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gS\ ;g bdkbZ gh vf/kd egRo dh gS] D;ksafd blh esa lEiw.kkZ vk¡dM+sa ^LVksj* gksrs gSaA tks bySDVªksfud ^izksxzke* bl bdkbZ dh dk;Z{kerk dks fu;af=r djrk gS og flfydkWu dh cuh lw{e ^fpi* esa vafdr dj fn;k tkrk gS ftls ,d ckj cu tkus ds ckn dksbZ Hkh ¼mRiknudrkZ Hkh ugha½ ifjofrZr ugha dj ldrk vFkkZr ;g ^ou VkbZe izksxzkesfcy csfll* ij dk;Z djrh gSA

;g e'khu ^vkj0vks0,e0* ¼jhM vksuyh eseksjh½ iz.kkyh ij dk;Z djrh gSA ,d dUVªksy bZdkbZ dh ^eseksjh* esa 10 o"kksZa ls Hkh vf/kd le; rd vk¡dM+ksa dks lafpr ¼^LVksj*½ j[kk tk ldrk gSA

3- D;k bZ0oh0,e0 dks fdlh ,d

izR;k'kh ds i{k esa ^izh&izksxzke* fd;k tk ldrk gS\ & ugha ! D;ksafd ftl Øe esa izR;kf'k;ksa ;k ikVhZ ds uke cSysfVax bdkbZ ij gksrs gSa] og ukekadu ds Øe o ukekadu dh oS?krk ij fuHkZj djrk gS] ftldk iwokZHkkl djuk dfBu gSA lkFk gh lkFk ;g ugha ekywe gksrk fd dkSu lh e'khu fdl ernku dsUnz ij Hksth tk;sxhA izR;sd ^dUVªksy bdkbZ* dh ,d fof'k"V ^vkbZ0Mh0 la[;k gksrh gS tks ijekusUV ekdZj ls ml ij fy[kh tkrh gSA bl la[;k dks ihBhlhu vf/kdkjh viuh iaftdk esa rks vafdr djrs gh gSa] mls ernku vfHkdrkZ ¼iksfyax ,tsUV½ Hkh uksV dj ysrs gSaA

4- D;k bZ0oh0,e0 ls QthZ ernku gks ldrk gS\ ugha ! ernku e'khu ij ckj&ckj cVu nckus ij ,d ls vf/kd ckj fdlh ds i{k esa er nsuk laHkko ugha gksrkA tSls gh ,d ckj ^uhyk cVu* nck;k tkrk gS] ^oksV* vafdr gks tkrk gS vkSj e'khu ^ykWd* gks tkrh gSA bl izdkj ;g e'khu ^,d O;fDr ,d oksV* fl)k¡r ij dk;Z djrh gSA nwljh vksj ,d bZ0oh0,e0 bl izdkj dEI;wVjhd`r gS fd og 1 feuV es dsoy 5 oksV gh vafdr dj ldrh gS vkSj ,d bZ0oh0,e0 esa rks 3840 oksV gh lafpr gks ldrs gSaA QthZ ernkrk ds fy, ;s rduhdh vM+pus dfBukbZ rks iSnk djsaxh ghA ¼fQj] bl nqfu;k esa D;k laHko ugha gS\ ^cwFk dSIpfjad* tSlh ?kVukvksa dks rks ge lqurs gh jgrs gSa vkSj ;fn dksbZ bZ0oh0,e0 gh mBk ys tk;s rks dksbZ dj Hkh D;k ldsxk\ gk¡] vk'kadk gksus ij ihBklhu vf/kdkjh dUVªksy ;wfuV dk ^Dykst* cVu nckdj ernku can djus dk lkgl dj ysrk gS½A

5- bZ0oh0,e0 }kjk ,d n`f"Vghu O;fDr dSls ernku dj ldrk gS\fodyk¡x O;fDr;ksa ds leku] n`f"Vghu O;fDr;ksa dks ernku djus ds fy, vius lkFk ,d lkFkh ys tkus dh vuqefr gksrh gSA tks mlds lkFk ernku d{k rd tk ldrk gSA cgqr lh bZ0oh0,e0 dh cSysV ;wfuV ij ^czsy* fyfi esa izR;k'kh dk Øekad vafdr gksrk gSaA blds fy, ihBklhu vf/kdkjh }kjk ,Slk eri= iznku fd;k tkrk gS ftlij izR;kf'k;ksa ds uke o Øekad gksrs gSaA mUgh esa ls vius eu ialn izR;k'kh dh lwpuk dks uksV dj og eri= okil ykSVk fn;k tkrk gS vkSj fQj ^czsy* fyfi dk iz;ksx dj us=ghu O;fDr }kjk ernku fd;k tkrk gSA

jkT; fo/kku lHkk pquko] 2012 pquko fpà Hkh czsy fyfi esa ¼nS0 fgUnqLrku] 20 fnl0] 2011½ fuokZpu vk;ksx us bl ckj ernku esa n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa dh lqfo/kk dk fo'ks"k [;ky j[kk gSA blfy, bl ckj cSysV ;wfuV esa ekewyh ifjorZu djrs gq, czsy fyfi esa Hkh pquko fpà ntZ fd, x, gSaA ,sls esa i<+s fy[ks n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa dks ernku djus esa lqfo/kk fey ldsxhA

vHkh rd cSysV ;wfuV ds vykok n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa ds fy, ,d vyx ls xÙkk j[kk tkrk FkkA bl ij czsy fyfi esa fu'kku cus jgrs FksA blh vk/kkj ij n`f"Vghu ernkrk oksfVax djrs Fks ysfdu bl ckj fuokZpu vk;ksx us cSysV ;wfuV esa la'kks/ku dj n`f"Vghu ernkrkvksa dh lqfo/kk ds fy, ;wfuV esa gh czsy fyfi esa fu'kku cuok fn, gSaA ;g fu'kku Bhd mu fu'kkuksa ds uhps cus gSa tgka lkekU; ernkrk ds iq'k djus ds fy, cVu cus gq, gSaA

bdkbZ cVu

fMlIys lsD'ku

cSyV lsD'ku

;ksx cVu

daVªksy bdkbZ

ernku cYc

izR;k'kh lsV lsD'ku

ifj.kke lsD'ku

cSyV cVu

yky cVufLop cVu

izR;k'kh dk cVu

izR;k'kh cYc

eri= LØhu

cSyV bdkbZ

42 43

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

6- pquko vk;ksx }kjk bZ0oh0,e0 ds mi;ksx esa ikjnf'kZrk viukus gsrq D;k izfØ;k viukbZ tkrh gS\ e'khuksa dk ijh{k.k muds mRiknudrkZvksa ds bathfu;jksa }kjk gh fd;k tkrk gSA bu e'khuksa dks ftyk eq[;ky; ds ^LVªksax #e* esa j[kk tkrk gS] tgk¡ vkerkSj ij izos'k oftZr gksrk gSA ,d iaftdk ij mís';] frFkh o le; vafdr djds gh vUnj izos'k dh vuqefr gksrh gSA lHkh e'khuksa dks pquko i;Zos{kd] izR;k'kh ;k muds vfHkdrkZ dh ns[k js[k esa ¼mudh lhy yxkus ds i'pkr~½ j[kk tkrk gSA bl lEiw.kZ izfØ;k dh ohfM;ksxzkQh Hkh dh tkrh gSA ernku esa iz;qDr e'khuksa dks Hkh blh izfØ;k }kjk ^Mcy ykWd* esa j[kk tkrk gSA

7- bZ0oh0,e0 ^jsUMekbZts'ku* D;k gS\ pquko esa iz;ksx ls iwoZ bZ0oh0,e0 dk nks pj.kksa esa ^jsUMekbZts+'ku* fd;k tkrk gS] ftldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd dksbZ Hkh ;g u tku lds fd veqd e'khu fdl pquko {ks= ;k ernku dsUnz ij tkus okyh gSA bl dk;Z ds fy, ftyk fuokZpu vf/kdkjh ds vf/kdkj&{ks= esa vkcafVr lHkh bZ0oh0,e0 ds Øekadksa dh lwph cukbZ tkrh gSA rRi'pkr~ fdlh ,d fuokZpu {ks= ds fy, Hksth tkus okyh bZ0oh0,e0 dks ^dEI;wVjhd`r

izfØ;k* }kjk p;fur fd;k tkrk gSA ;g ^jsUMekbZts+'ku* ¼vkdfLed p;u½ dk izFke pj.k gSA bl p;u izfØ;k ds nwljs pj.k esa fuokZpu vf/kdkjh }kjk ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gS fd izFke pj.k esa p;fur e'khuksa esa ls dkSu lh e'khu ,d fo'ks"k ernku dsUnz ij tk;sxhA

8- bZ0oh0,e0 dh ^lhfyax* dSls dh tkrh gS\ e'khuksa dh ^lhfyax* dbZ pj.kksa esa dh tkrh gSaA ^cSysV ;wfuV* ds ^cSysV LØhu* o ^dUVªksy ;wfuV* ds ^izR;k'kh lsD'ku* dks ihBhlhu vf/kdkjh] izR;k'kh ;k mlds vfHkdrkZ dh mifLFkfr esa bl izdkj lhy fd;k tkrk gS fd e'khu esa fdlh izdkj dh NsM+&NkM+ u dh tk ldsA lhy djrs le; mDr lHkh O;fDr;ksa ds e'khu ij yxh fpV ij gLrk{kj djkdj eksgj yxk;h tkrh gSA

9- erksa dh x.kuk dSls dh tkrh gS\erx.kuk dsUnz ij bZ0oh0,e0 dks Vscyksa ij j[kk tkrk gS ftudh la[;k lkekU;r% 14 ls vf/kd ugha gksrhA erx.kuk vfHkdrkZvksa ds cSBus dh O;oLFkk bl izdkj dh tkrh gS fd os bZ0oh0,e0 ds LØhu dks Li"V #i ls ns[k ldsaA tc bZ0oh0,e0 ds ^fjt+YV cVu* ¼ifj.kke cVu½ dks nck;k tkrk gS rks mlds ^fMLIys LØhu* ij ,d ernku dsUnz ij Mkys x;s dqy erksa dh la[;k fn[kkbZ nsus yxrh gSA blds i'pkr~ Øe ls izR;sd izR;k'kh }kjk izkIr erksa dks n'kkZ;k tkrk gSA izR;sd x.kuk pØ ds vUr esa ml pØ ds ifj.kke o ^izksxzsflo VksVy* ¼c<+rs gq, Øe esa dqy ;ksx½ dh mn~?kks"k.kk dh tkrh gSA lHkh pØksa dh x.kuk ds ;ksx dks ,dhd`r dj pquko ifj.kke ?kksf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA

^bZ0oh0,e0 o muls NsM+&NkM+ ij ,d vUrjkZ"Vªh; laxks"Bh dk vk;kstu pSUu;h esa 13 Qjojh] 2010 dks Mk0 lqczkeU;e Lokeh ¼v/;{k] turk ikVhZ o iwoZ fo/kh o okf.kT; dsUnzh; ea=h½ dh v/;{krk esa fd;k x;k FkkA bl laxks"Bh dk ifj.kke ;g fudyk fd Hkkjr dk pquko vk;ksx bZ0oh0,e0 dk;Ziz.kkyh esa ikjnf'kZrk ds mÙkjnk;hRo dks ogu djus ls cprk fn[kkA

bZ0oh0,e0 ds orZeku Lo#i ds fo#) Mk0 lqczkeU;e dh ,d ;kfpdk fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; esa yafcr gSA vizSy 2010 esa nks 'kks/k&drkZvksa us Lora= #i ls lqj{kkRed fo'kys"k.k fd;s ftlds vUrZxr mUgksaus bZ0oh0,e0 ij nks ^vkØe.kksa* ¼NsM+&NkM+½ ds v/;;uksa ds vk/kkj ij fu"d"kZ fudkys vkSj dgk bZ0oh0,e0 esa xM+cM+h dh tkus dh

lEHHkkouk gks ldrh gSA ,d ijh{k.k esa mUgksausa dUVªksy ;wfuV dk ,d iqt+kZ bl izdkj cnyk fd e'khu ij dqy erksa dk ;ksx xyr n'kkZ;k tkus yxkA ,d nwljs ijh{k.k esa mUgksausa ,Slk ^fDyi&vkWu fMokbZl* viuk;k ftlds dkj.kk e'khu dh ^eseksjh* lapj.k {kerk dks izHkkfor fd;k tk ldkA ijUrq] pquko vk;ksx dk ;g dguk gS fd bl izdkj dh xM+cM+h ds fy, e'khuksa dk vklkuh ls miyC/k gks tkuk ,d nq"dj dk;Z gS] e'khuksa dh lqj{kk dbZ pj.kksa esa dh tkrh gS] fdlh ,d pquko ifj.kke dks izHkkfor djus ds fy, gt+kjksa e'khuksa dh vko';drk gksxh vkSj D;w¡fd ;g vR;f/kd rduhdh elyk gS] blfy, lk/kkj.k O;fDr ds fy, ;g dk;Z djuk vfr dfBu gSA

,lksfl,V izksQslj] dEI;wVj foKku foHkkx] dU;k xq#dqy egkfo|ky;] nsgjknwu

lqj{kk leL;k,¡

dEI;wVj&Øk¡fr ds bl ;qx esa pquko&vk/kkfjr yksdra= O;fDr;ksa dk] O;fDr;ksa }kjk o O;fDr;ksa ds fy, gksrk gSA bls bekunkjh ls xfBr djuk ge lcdk drZO; gSA

ikfjra= dh dgkuh & 6

fgj.kksa ij c<+rs vR;kpkj fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

fgj.k vkSj 'kkod fpUrk esa cSBs Fks rHkh ,d o;kso`) fgj.k HkVdrk gqvk ogk¡ vk igq¡pk & ,dne ongokl vkSj Hk;HkhrA fgj.k vkSj mlds 'kkod dks cSBk ns[kdj og muds ikl vk x;kA nksuksa us mldk Lokxr vkSj vfHkoknu fd;k vkSj mlls cSBus dk vkxzg fd;kA >kM+h dh vksV esa fNius dk vlQy iz;kl djrk gqvk og Hkh ogha cSB x;kA tc og dqN lkekU; gqvk rks fgj.k us iwNk] ÞHkkbZ] vki brus Hk;Hkhr vkSj ijs'kku D;ksa gS\ß o;kso`) fgj.k us mRrj fn;k]ß D;k crykÅ¡ HkkbZ] bu euq";ksa us Hkh ukd esa ne dj j[kk gSA--- tc ;s viuh fdlh t:jr ds fy;s gekjs taxyksa esa vkrs gSa] rks ge muds fdlh dk;Z esa ok/kk ugh Mkyrs] muls nwj gV tkrs gS vkSj mUgsa mudh t:jr iwjh djus dk iwjk ekSdk nsrs gSA ysfdu ;fn ge dHkh&dHkkj Hkh mudh cLrh esa pys tkrs gSa rks os gekjs ihNs iM+ tkrs gSa vkSj gekjh tku ysus ij mrk# gks tkrs gSaA vkt Hkh ogh gqvkAß

fgj.k us mRlqdrk ls iwNk] ÞD;k gqvk] tjk gesa Hkh crykb;s] vkt D;k fd;k gS bu euq";ksa us\ß 'kkod Hkh mRlqdrk ls mudh ckrsa lqu jgk FkkA

o;kso`) fgj.k us cryk;k] Þgqvk D;k! I;kl ds ekjs xyk lw[k jgk FkkA taxy ds lkjs tylzksr rks bu euq";ksa dh gjdrksa ds dkj.k igys gh lw[k pqds gSaA nwj&nwj rd tc dgha ikuh ut+j ugh vk;k rks cM+h vk'kk ds lkFk eSa ikuh dh ryk'k esa ekuo cLrh dh vksj pyk x;kA ogk¡ ,d xM~<s esa xank lk ikuh Hkjk FkkA mlh xans vkSj nqxZa/k;qDr ikuh ls xyk rj djus dk fu'p; fd;kA vHkh FkksM+k lk gh ikuh ih ldk Fkk fd ,d euq"; dh n`f"V eq> ij

iM+ x;hA fQj D;k Fkk&mlus 'kksj epk fn;kA cLrh esa ls dbZ euq"; ykBh&Hkkys ysdj esjs ihNs nkSM+sA mUgksaus vius dqRrksa dks Hkh esjs ihNs nkSM+k fn;kA eSaus taxy dh vksj nkSM+ yxk;h] os yksx esjs lehi vkrs tk jgs FksA eSa cqjh rjg Hk;Hkhr Fkk blfy;s iwjh rkdr ds lkFk nkSM+ jgk FkkA lkeus isM+ksa dk ,d >qjeqV fn[kk;h fn;kA eSa mlh vksj nkSM+k] ml >qjeqV esa ?kqldj] mUgsa pdek nsdj fQj nwljs jkLrs ls b/kj fudy vk;kAß mldh vk¡[kksa esa vc Hkh Hk; rSj jgk FkkA fgj.k us lkaRouk nh] ÞHkkbZ] vki ijs'kku u gksa ge ;gk¡ lqjf{kr LFkku ij gSa ;fn dksbZ 'k=q ;gk¡ vk;sxk rks ge nwj ls gh mls ns[k ysaxs vkSj le; jgrs ;gk¡ ls Hkkx tk;saxsAß

D;kso`) fgj.k us jkgr dh lkal yh vkSj cksyk] Þysfdu Hkb;k bu euq";ksa dks gks D;k x;k gS\ oSls rks ;s ^vfrfFk nsoksHko* dk ukjk yxkrs gSa ysfdu ;fn taxy ls dksbZ esgeku budh cLrh esa igq¡p tk;s rks mls ekj Mkyrs gSaAß

fgj.k us Hkh mldh ckr dk leFkZu fd;k] Þvkidh ckr fcYdqy Bhd gS HkkbZ] viSzy&2006 esa fcgkj ds uoknk ftys esa Hkh ,Slh gh ,d ?kVuk ?kfVr gqbZ FkhA ogk¡ Hkh euq";ksa us Øwjrk dh lkjh lhek;sa rksM+ nh FkhaAß

'kkod us mRlqdrk ls iwNk] Þogk¡ D;k gqvk Fkk] ikik\ß

fgj.k us cryk;k]ß vjs csVk] ogk¡ Hkh tc fgj.kksa dks taxy esa ikuh ugha feyk rks I;kl ls csgky gksdj mudk ,d >q.M ikuh dh ryk'k esa ekuo cLrh dh vksj pyk x;kA cl fQj D;k FkkA euq";ksa us

mu I;kls fgj.kksa ds >q.M ij geyk cksy fn;k vkSj ,d lkFk 35 fgj.kksa dks ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj fn;kß

'kkod vokd ns[krk jg x;kA o;kso`) fgj.k us dgk] ÞfcYdqy Bhd dgrs gks HkkbZ eSus Hkh ml nnZukd ?kVuk ds fo"k; esa lquk FkkA vjs] ge fgj.kksa ij rks euq";ksa ds vR;kpkj c<+rs gh tk jgs gSaA vk;s fnu gekjs Hkkb;ksa ds lhax vkSj [kky dh rLdjh ds lekpkj feyrs gSaA vDVwcj 2010 esa rks gn gh gks x;h tc lgkjuiqj ¼m0iz0½ esa gekjs Hkkb;ksa ds ukS dqUry lhax cjken gq;s FksAß

fgj.k o 'kkod us vk'p;Z ls dgk] ÞukS dqUry lhax!ß Þgk¡ HkkbZ] ukS dqUry lhax] tjk vuqeku yxkb;s fd ukS dqUry lhax fdrus fgj.kksa dks ekjdj ,d= fd;s x;s gksaxsA nks pkj lhaxksa dk cjken gksuk rks lkekU; lh ckr gks x;h gSAß o;ksc`) fgj.k us fpUrk trykrs gq;s dgkA

fgj.k fpfUrr Loj esa cksyk] Þgk¡ HkkbZ] vc rks gekjs fy;s viuk vfLrRo cpk;s j[kuk Hkh eqf'dy gks x;k gSA gekjs dbZ HkkbZ rks okguksa o Vªsuksa dh pisV esa vkdj ej tkrs gSaAß

o;kso`) fgj.k us vkos'k esa vkdj dgk¡] Þtc euq"; us gekjs vkoklh; {ks=ksa ls gksdj lM+dsa vkSj jsyekxZ cuk j[ks gS rks nq?kZVuk;sa rks gksaxha ghA fQj gekjs {ks=ksa esa lM+dksa ij u rks ckM+ yxk;h tkrh gS vkSj u gh okguksa dh xfr dks /khek fd;k tkrk gS rkfd ge yksx lko/kku gksdj viuh tku cpk ldsaAß

fgj.k us dgk] Þeuq"; ,Slk rHkh rks djsxk tc mls gekjh fpark gksxh vkSj tc og gekjs nq%[k ls nq%[kh gksxkAß o;kso`) fgj.k us dgk] Þmls rks ;g Hkh fpUrk ugh gS fd ns'k esa gekjs cU/kq* dLrwjh e`xksa dh la[;k ux.; jg x;h gSAß

fgj.k us eq¡g fcpdkrs gq;s dgk] Þnjvly euq"; ckrwuh rks cgqr gS] ckr djus dk ekSdk feys rks ,slk izn'kZu djsxk tSals og gekjk cgqr cM+k gennZ gS ysfdu vius O;ogkj o vknrksa esa tjk Hkh ifjorZu ugh djrkAß

ÞrHkh rks gekjh la[;k fnuksfnu ?kVrh gh tk jgh gSAß o;kso`) fgj.k us fpUrk O;Dr dhA

rhuksa pqipki bl lkjh fLFkfr ij fopkj djus yxsA

42 43

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

6- pquko vk;ksx }kjk bZ0oh0,e0 ds mi;ksx esa ikjnf'kZrk viukus gsrq D;k izfØ;k viukbZ tkrh gS\ e'khuksa dk ijh{k.k muds mRiknudrkZvksa ds bathfu;jksa }kjk gh fd;k tkrk gSA bu e'khuksa dks ftyk eq[;ky; ds ^LVªksax #e* esa j[kk tkrk gS] tgk¡ vkerkSj ij izos'k oftZr gksrk gSA ,d iaftdk ij mís';] frFkh o le; vafdr djds gh vUnj izos'k dh vuqefr gksrh gSA lHkh e'khuksa dks pquko i;Zos{kd] izR;k'kh ;k muds vfHkdrkZ dh ns[k js[k esa ¼mudh lhy yxkus ds i'pkr~½ j[kk tkrk gSA bl lEiw.kZ izfØ;k dh ohfM;ksxzkQh Hkh dh tkrh gSA ernku esa iz;qDr e'khuksa dks Hkh blh izfØ;k }kjk ^Mcy ykWd* esa j[kk tkrk gSA

7- bZ0oh0,e0 ^jsUMekbZts'ku* D;k gS\ pquko esa iz;ksx ls iwoZ bZ0oh0,e0 dk nks pj.kksa esa ^jsUMekbZts+'ku* fd;k tkrk gS] ftldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd dksbZ Hkh ;g u tku lds fd veqd e'khu fdl pquko {ks= ;k ernku dsUnz ij tkus okyh gSA bl dk;Z ds fy, ftyk fuokZpu vf/kdkjh ds vf/kdkj&{ks= esa vkcafVr lHkh bZ0oh0,e0 ds Øekadksa dh lwph cukbZ tkrh gSA rRi'pkr~ fdlh ,d fuokZpu {ks= ds fy, Hksth tkus okyh bZ0oh0,e0 dks ^dEI;wVjhd`r

izfØ;k* }kjk p;fur fd;k tkrk gSA ;g ^jsUMekbZts+'ku* ¼vkdfLed p;u½ dk izFke pj.k gSA bl p;u izfØ;k ds nwljs pj.k esa fuokZpu vf/kdkjh }kjk ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkrk gS fd izFke pj.k esa p;fur e'khuksa esa ls dkSu lh e'khu ,d fo'ks"k ernku dsUnz ij tk;sxhA

8- bZ0oh0,e0 dh ^lhfyax* dSls dh tkrh gS\ e'khuksa dh ^lhfyax* dbZ pj.kksa esa dh tkrh gSaA ^cSysV ;wfuV* ds ^cSysV LØhu* o ^dUVªksy ;wfuV* ds ^izR;k'kh lsD'ku* dks ihBhlhu vf/kdkjh] izR;k'kh ;k mlds vfHkdrkZ dh mifLFkfr esa bl izdkj lhy fd;k tkrk gS fd e'khu esa fdlh izdkj dh NsM+&NkM+ u dh tk ldsA lhy djrs le; mDr lHkh O;fDr;ksa ds e'khu ij yxh fpV ij gLrk{kj djkdj eksgj yxk;h tkrh gSA

9- erksa dh x.kuk dSls dh tkrh gS\erx.kuk dsUnz ij bZ0oh0,e0 dks Vscyksa ij j[kk tkrk gS ftudh la[;k lkekU;r% 14 ls vf/kd ugha gksrhA erx.kuk vfHkdrkZvksa ds cSBus dh O;oLFkk bl izdkj dh tkrh gS fd os bZ0oh0,e0 ds LØhu dks Li"V #i ls ns[k ldsaA tc bZ0oh0,e0 ds ^fjt+YV cVu* ¼ifj.kke cVu½ dks nck;k tkrk gS rks mlds ^fMLIys LØhu* ij ,d ernku dsUnz ij Mkys x;s dqy erksa dh la[;k fn[kkbZ nsus yxrh gSA blds i'pkr~ Øe ls izR;sd izR;k'kh }kjk izkIr erksa dks n'kkZ;k tkrk gSA izR;sd x.kuk pØ ds vUr esa ml pØ ds ifj.kke o ^izksxzsflo VksVy* ¼c<+rs gq, Øe esa dqy ;ksx½ dh mn~?kks"k.kk dh tkrh gSA lHkh pØksa dh x.kuk ds ;ksx dks ,dhd`r dj pquko ifj.kke ?kksf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA

^bZ0oh0,e0 o muls NsM+&NkM+ ij ,d vUrjkZ"Vªh; laxks"Bh dk vk;kstu pSUu;h esa 13 Qjojh] 2010 dks Mk0 lqczkeU;e Lokeh ¼v/;{k] turk ikVhZ o iwoZ fo/kh o okf.kT; dsUnzh; ea=h½ dh v/;{krk esa fd;k x;k FkkA bl laxks"Bh dk ifj.kke ;g fudyk fd Hkkjr dk pquko vk;ksx bZ0oh0,e0 dk;Ziz.kkyh esa ikjnf'kZrk ds mÙkjnk;hRo dks ogu djus ls cprk fn[kkA

bZ0oh0,e0 ds orZeku Lo#i ds fo#) Mk0 lqczkeU;e dh ,d ;kfpdk fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; esa yafcr gSA vizSy 2010 esa nks 'kks/k&drkZvksa us Lora= #i ls lqj{kkRed fo'kys"k.k fd;s ftlds vUrZxr mUgksaus bZ0oh0,e0 ij nks ^vkØe.kksa* ¼NsM+&NkM+½ ds v/;;uksa ds vk/kkj ij fu"d"kZ fudkys vkSj dgk bZ0oh0,e0 esa xM+cM+h dh tkus dh

lEHHkkouk gks ldrh gSA ,d ijh{k.k esa mUgksausa dUVªksy ;wfuV dk ,d iqt+kZ bl izdkj cnyk fd e'khu ij dqy erksa dk ;ksx xyr n'kkZ;k tkus yxkA ,d nwljs ijh{k.k esa mUgksausa ,Slk ^fDyi&vkWu fMokbZl* viuk;k ftlds dkj.kk e'khu dh ^eseksjh* lapj.k {kerk dks izHkkfor fd;k tk ldkA ijUrq] pquko vk;ksx dk ;g dguk gS fd bl izdkj dh xM+cM+h ds fy, e'khuksa dk vklkuh ls miyC/k gks tkuk ,d nq"dj dk;Z gS] e'khuksa dh lqj{kk dbZ pj.kksa esa dh tkrh gS] fdlh ,d pquko ifj.kke dks izHkkfor djus ds fy, gt+kjksa e'khuksa dh vko';drk gksxh vkSj D;w¡fd ;g vR;f/kd rduhdh elyk gS] blfy, lk/kkj.k O;fDr ds fy, ;g dk;Z djuk vfr dfBu gSA

,lksfl,V izksQslj] dEI;wVj foKku foHkkx] dU;k xq#dqy egkfo|ky;] nsgjknwu

lqj{kk leL;k,¡

dEI;wVj&Øk¡fr ds bl ;qx esa pquko&vk/kkfjr yksdra= O;fDr;ksa dk] O;fDr;ksa }kjk o O;fDr;ksa ds fy, gksrk gSA bls bekunkjh ls xfBr djuk ge lcdk drZO; gSA

ikfjra= dh dgkuh & 6

fgj.kksa ij c<+rs vR;kpkj fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

fgj.k vkSj 'kkod fpUrk esa cSBs Fks rHkh ,d o;kso`) fgj.k HkVdrk gqvk ogk¡ vk igq¡pk & ,dne ongokl vkSj Hk;HkhrA fgj.k vkSj mlds 'kkod dks cSBk ns[kdj og muds ikl vk x;kA nksuksa us mldk Lokxr vkSj vfHkoknu fd;k vkSj mlls cSBus dk vkxzg fd;kA >kM+h dh vksV esa fNius dk vlQy iz;kl djrk gqvk og Hkh ogha cSB x;kA tc og dqN lkekU; gqvk rks fgj.k us iwNk] ÞHkkbZ] vki brus Hk;Hkhr vkSj ijs'kku D;ksa gS\ß o;kso`) fgj.k us mRrj fn;k]ß D;k crykÅ¡ HkkbZ] bu euq";ksa us Hkh ukd esa ne dj j[kk gSA--- tc ;s viuh fdlh t:jr ds fy;s gekjs taxyksa esa vkrs gSa] rks ge muds fdlh dk;Z esa ok/kk ugh Mkyrs] muls nwj gV tkrs gS vkSj mUgsa mudh t:jr iwjh djus dk iwjk ekSdk nsrs gSA ysfdu ;fn ge dHkh&dHkkj Hkh mudh cLrh esa pys tkrs gSa rks os gekjs ihNs iM+ tkrs gSa vkSj gekjh tku ysus ij mrk# gks tkrs gSaA vkt Hkh ogh gqvkAß

fgj.k us mRlqdrk ls iwNk] ÞD;k gqvk] tjk gesa Hkh crykb;s] vkt D;k fd;k gS bu euq";ksa us\ß 'kkod Hkh mRlqdrk ls mudh ckrsa lqu jgk FkkA

o;kso`) fgj.k us cryk;k] Þgqvk D;k! I;kl ds ekjs xyk lw[k jgk FkkA taxy ds lkjs tylzksr rks bu euq";ksa dh gjdrksa ds dkj.k igys gh lw[k pqds gSaA nwj&nwj rd tc dgha ikuh ut+j ugh vk;k rks cM+h vk'kk ds lkFk eSa ikuh dh ryk'k esa ekuo cLrh dh vksj pyk x;kA ogk¡ ,d xM~<s esa xank lk ikuh Hkjk FkkA mlh xans vkSj nqxZa/k;qDr ikuh ls xyk rj djus dk fu'p; fd;kA vHkh FkksM+k lk gh ikuh ih ldk Fkk fd ,d euq"; dh n`f"V eq> ij

iM+ x;hA fQj D;k Fkk&mlus 'kksj epk fn;kA cLrh esa ls dbZ euq"; ykBh&Hkkys ysdj esjs ihNs nkSM+sA mUgksaus vius dqRrksa dks Hkh esjs ihNs nkSM+k fn;kA eSaus taxy dh vksj nkSM+ yxk;h] os yksx esjs lehi vkrs tk jgs FksA eSa cqjh rjg Hk;Hkhr Fkk blfy;s iwjh rkdr ds lkFk nkSM+ jgk FkkA lkeus isM+ksa dk ,d >qjeqV fn[kk;h fn;kA eSa mlh vksj nkSM+k] ml >qjeqV esa ?kqldj] mUgsa pdek nsdj fQj nwljs jkLrs ls b/kj fudy vk;kAß mldh vk¡[kksa esa vc Hkh Hk; rSj jgk FkkA fgj.k us lkaRouk nh] ÞHkkbZ] vki ijs'kku u gksa ge ;gk¡ lqjf{kr LFkku ij gSa ;fn dksbZ 'k=q ;gk¡ vk;sxk rks ge nwj ls gh mls ns[k ysaxs vkSj le; jgrs ;gk¡ ls Hkkx tk;saxsAß

D;kso`) fgj.k us jkgr dh lkal yh vkSj cksyk] Þysfdu Hkb;k bu euq";ksa dks gks D;k x;k gS\ oSls rks ;s ^vfrfFk nsoksHko* dk ukjk yxkrs gSa ysfdu ;fn taxy ls dksbZ esgeku budh cLrh esa igq¡p tk;s rks mls ekj Mkyrs gSaAß

fgj.k us Hkh mldh ckr dk leFkZu fd;k] Þvkidh ckr fcYdqy Bhd gS HkkbZ] viSzy&2006 esa fcgkj ds uoknk ftys esa Hkh ,Slh gh ,d ?kVuk ?kfVr gqbZ FkhA ogk¡ Hkh euq";ksa us Øwjrk dh lkjh lhek;sa rksM+ nh FkhaAß

'kkod us mRlqdrk ls iwNk] Þogk¡ D;k gqvk Fkk] ikik\ß

fgj.k us cryk;k]ß vjs csVk] ogk¡ Hkh tc fgj.kksa dks taxy esa ikuh ugha feyk rks I;kl ls csgky gksdj mudk ,d >q.M ikuh dh ryk'k esa ekuo cLrh dh vksj pyk x;kA cl fQj D;k FkkA euq";ksa us

mu I;kls fgj.kksa ds >q.M ij geyk cksy fn;k vkSj ,d lkFk 35 fgj.kksa dks ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj fn;kß

'kkod vokd ns[krk jg x;kA o;kso`) fgj.k us dgk] ÞfcYdqy Bhd dgrs gks HkkbZ eSus Hkh ml nnZukd ?kVuk ds fo"k; esa lquk FkkA vjs] ge fgj.kksa ij rks euq";ksa ds vR;kpkj c<+rs gh tk jgs gSaA vk;s fnu gekjs Hkkb;ksa ds lhax vkSj [kky dh rLdjh ds lekpkj feyrs gSaA vDVwcj 2010 esa rks gn gh gks x;h tc lgkjuiqj ¼m0iz0½ esa gekjs Hkkb;ksa ds ukS dqUry lhax cjken gq;s FksAß

fgj.k o 'kkod us vk'p;Z ls dgk] ÞukS dqUry lhax!ß Þgk¡ HkkbZ] ukS dqUry lhax] tjk vuqeku yxkb;s fd ukS dqUry lhax fdrus fgj.kksa dks ekjdj ,d= fd;s x;s gksaxsA nks pkj lhaxksa dk cjken gksuk rks lkekU; lh ckr gks x;h gSAß o;ksc`) fgj.k us fpUrk trykrs gq;s dgkA

fgj.k fpfUrr Loj esa cksyk] Þgk¡ HkkbZ] vc rks gekjs fy;s viuk vfLrRo cpk;s j[kuk Hkh eqf'dy gks x;k gSA gekjs dbZ HkkbZ rks okguksa o Vªsuksa dh pisV esa vkdj ej tkrs gSaAß

o;kso`) fgj.k us vkos'k esa vkdj dgk¡] Þtc euq"; us gekjs vkoklh; {ks=ksa ls gksdj lM+dsa vkSj jsyekxZ cuk j[ks gS rks nq?kZVuk;sa rks gksaxha ghA fQj gekjs {ks=ksa esa lM+dksa ij u rks ckM+ yxk;h tkrh gS vkSj u gh okguksa dh xfr dks /khek fd;k tkrk gS rkfd ge yksx lko/kku gksdj viuh tku cpk ldsaAß

fgj.k us dgk] Þeuq"; ,Slk rHkh rks djsxk tc mls gekjh fpark gksxh vkSj tc og gekjs nq%[k ls nq%[kh gksxkAß o;kso`) fgj.k us dgk] Þmls rks ;g Hkh fpUrk ugh gS fd ns'k esa gekjs cU/kq* dLrwjh e`xksa dh la[;k ux.; jg x;h gSAß

fgj.k us eq¡g fcpdkrs gq;s dgk] Þnjvly euq"; ckrwuh rks cgqr gS] ckr djus dk ekSdk feys rks ,slk izn'kZu djsxk tSals og gekjk cgqr cM+k gennZ gS ysfdu vius O;ogkj o vknrksa esa tjk Hkh ifjorZu ugh djrkAß

ÞrHkh rks gekjh la[;k fnuksfnu ?kVrh gh tk jgh gSAß o;kso`) fgj.k us fpUrk O;Dr dhA

rhuksa pqipki bl lkjh fLFkfr ij fopkj djus yxsA

44 45

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

nqX/k mRiknu gsrq i'kq ladj iztuu ¼Økl fczfMax½ i)fr dks dkQh le; ls viuk;k tk jgk gSA blds ckn d`f=e xHkkZ/kku ¼vkVhZQhf'k;y bulsehus'ku½ rduhd }kjk mRre uLy ds lk¡M ds tuu nzO; dk mi;ksx dj vf/kd mRiknu okyh larfr rS;kj djus esa dkQh lQyrk feyh gSA ysfdu bu lc Hkjiwj iz;klksa ds ckotwn d`f=e xHkkZ/kku rduhd dh lQyrk lqfu;ksftr QkekZs esa 50&60 izfr'kr ,oa fdlkuksa ds Lrj ij dsoy 30 izfr'kr gh gSA nwljh rduhd tks i'kq iqu:Riknu vuqla/kku esa vxz.kh Hkwfedk fuHkk jgh gS] og gS Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhdA foxr o"kksZa esa bl rduhd esa dkQh fodkl gqvk gS vkSj xk;] HkSal] HksM] cdjh] ?kksM+k] fgju bR;kfn ds gtkjksa cPps bl rduhd }kjk iSnk fd;s tk pqds gSaA D;ksafd bl rduhd esa uj o eknk nksuksa gh mPp xq.koRrk ds pqus tkrs gSa blfy, bl rduhd }kjk vkuqokaf'kd lq/kkj 3&4 xquk rd fd;k tk ldrk gSA Hkkjr ljdkj us bl rduhd dks vius lkrosa Iyku esa igys ls gh lesfdr fd;k gqvk gSA

25 tqykbZ 2009 dks iatkc ds vk;Zpe xkWo esa bl rduhd }kjk mPp xq.koRrk dk eknk cNM+k iSnk fd;k x;kA ;g cNM+k 5000 fdxzk izfr C;kWr nw/k nsus okyh eknk ,oa vk;kfrr gkWfyfLVu lk¡M ftldh ek¡ dh nqX/k mRiknu {kerk 13]000 fdxzk izfr C;kWr Fkh] ds ladj.k ls rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA blh rjg Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd o vU; rduhdksa }kjk uLy lq/kkj }kjk iatkc] gfj;k.kk tSls izkarksa us

i'kq/ku fodkl esa

Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dk ;ksxnku

1Mk0 fodk'k pUnz ,oa

2Mk0 th0 r# 'kekZ

dqy i'kq/ku la[;k /kVkdj dqy mRiknu dkQh c<+k fy;k gSA

ekud iSekuksa dk vuqlj.k djrs gq, vHkh rd ,d xk; ls ,d o"kZ esa 10 ls vf/kd cNMs+ iSnk fd;s tk pqds gSaA d`f=e fu"kspu ,oa Hkwz.k iR;kjksi.k }kjk HkSal o cdjh dk igyk cPpk Hkjr esa gh iSnk fd;k x;k gSA

;|fi ;g rduhd Hkkjrokfl;ksa dks izkphu dky ls gh Kkr Fkh] 2]500 o"kZ iwoZ bl rduhd dks Hkxoku egkohj ds tUe ds fy, iz;ksx fd;k x;kA ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd Hkxoku egkohj ekrk nsouank ds xHkZ esa xfHkZr gq, fQj mUgs jkuh f='kyk ds xHkZ esa izR;jksfir dj fn;k x;k D;kssafd ?kkfeZd fu;eksa ds vuqlkj lar ,oa /keZ ds laLFkkid dsoy 'kkgh ?kjkuksa esa tUesa O;fDr gh cu ldrs FksA ;gh ugha egkHkkjr dky esa lkS dkSjoksa dk ,d gh ekrk xka/kkjh }kjk tUe ysuk] bl rduhfd }kjk gh laHko tku iM+rk gSA oSKkfud rkSj ij fdlh Lru/kkjh dk lQy Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k igyh ckj lu~ 1890 esa okYVj ghi us [kjxks'k esa fd;kA Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dk fodkl 1970 ds n'kd esa dkQh rhoz xfr ls gqvkA

Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dh mi;ksfxrk%

1- foyqIr izk; i'kq iztkfr;ksa ds vkuqoaf'kd nzO; ds ifjj{k.k esa%

,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj lkS lky igys HkSal] xk;] ?kksM+k] x/kk] cdjh] HksaM+ o lqvj dh yxHkx 3]831 iztkfr;ksa ik;h tkrh Fkha

ftlesa ls 618 ;kfu 16 izfr'kr iztkfr;kW vkt foyqIr gks pqdh gSaA buesa ls yxHkx 60 izfr'kr iztkfr;kW fodflr ns'kksa }kjk d`f"k ds la?kuhdj.k ds dkj.k gq;h gSA Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd bu foyqIrizk; iztkfr;ksa ds tuu nzO; ds ifjj{k.k ds fy, vkt ,d egRoiw.kZ gy ekuh tk jgh gSA bl rduhd dk mi;ksx Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA

2- xHkZ iwoZ fyax fu/kZj.k ,oa Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k%

i'kq/ku ds tSfod o vkfFkZd mUufr ds fy, LosfPNr fyax Hksnhd`r Hkwz.k mi;ksx Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA igyk lQy iwoZ fyax fu/kkZfjr xkaSj cNM+k dukMk esa lu~ 1975 esa iSnk fd;k x;k vkSj vkt rd fo'o esa gtkjksa ,sls cPps iSnk fd;s tk pqds gSaA iwoZ fyax fu/kkZj.k ;k rks 'kqØk.kq fyax foHksnhdj.k ;k fQj Hkwz.k fyax foHksnhdj.k }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

3- tuu nzO; dk lgt ,oa laØe.kghu LFkkukraj.k%

i'kq/ku dks mlds tuu nzO; ds :i esa yEch nwjh rd LFkkukarj.k vR;f/kd de [kpZ esa fcuk fdlh laØe.k ds bl rduhd }kjk laHko gSA igyh ckj Hkzw.k dk lQy LFkkukraj.k lu~ 1977 esa U;wthyS.M ls vkLVªsfy;k rd fd;k x;kA

4- rhoz xfr ls i'kq dk vkWuqoaf'kd fodkl%

eknk larfr ijh{k.k }kjk i'kq/ku dk vkuqoakf'kd fodkl tUekUrj de dj fd;k tk ldrk gSA

;|fi Hkkjr fo'o esa lcls vf/kd nqX/k mRiknu djus okyk ns'k cu x;k gS fQj Hkh izfr i'kq ds fglkc ls Hkkjr nqX/k mRiknu esa dbZ ns'kksa ls ihNs gSA bldk eq[; dkj.k de nqX/k mRiknu djus okys i'kqvksa dk vf/kd la[;k esa gksuk gSA bl le; tc c<+rh tula[;k ds dkj.k tgk¡ izkd`frd lalk/kuksa dh deh gksrh tk jgh gS] ogha bu de mRikndrk okys i'kqvksa dh vf/kdrk dh otg ls vkSlr mRikndrk de vkSj izkd`frd lalk/kuksa dk {kj.k vf/kd gks jgk gSA lkFk gh i'kqvksa dh ;g vf/kd la[;k xzhu gkml xSlksa ds dqy mRiknu dks c<+kus ,oa Xykscy okfeZax esa vge Hkwfedk fuHkk jgh gSA vr% vkt t:jr bl ckr dh gS fd vf/kd nqX/k mRiknu djus okys i'kqvksa dh la[;k c<kdj dqy i'kqvksa dh la[;k de dh tk; vkSj vkSlr mRikndrk dks c<k;k tk;A

1oSKkfud 'khrks".k i'kqikyu foHkkx] Hkkjrh; i'kq&fpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku]

eqDrs'oj&263 138 ¼mÙkjk[k.M½2foHkkxk?;{k] nSfgdh ,oa tyok;qdh foHkkx] Hkkjrh; i'qk&fpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku]

bTtruxj ¼m0 iz0½

5- fujksxh i'kq lewg rS;kj djus esa%

cgqr ls v?;;uksa }kjk ;g Kkr gqvk gS fd Hkzw.k }kjk laØe.k dk gLrkarj.k ugha gksrk gS c'krZs lHkh iz;qDr ekudksa dk vuqlj.k Hkwz.k mRiknu ,oa izR;kjksi.k esa fd;k tk;A ;g ekud ÞLokLF; ,oa lqj{kk lykg lfefrß ;k ÞvUrjkZ"Vªh; Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k laLFkkß }kjk fu/kkZfjr fd;s x;s gSaA

6- d`f=e xHkkZ/kku gsrq mRre uLy ds lk¡M dk mRiknu%

vktdy lkekU; rkSj ij xHkkZ/kku gsrq lk¡M dk mRiknu Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhfd }kjk fd;k tk jgk gS ftlesa mRre uLy ds lk¡M o xk; dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bl rduhd }kjk bu lk¡Mksa dh vkuqoaf'kdh; tk¡p dh tk ldrh gSA

7- tqMokW cPps mRi™k djuk%

;g rduhd eq[; #i ls ,dy larku tuus okys i'kqvksa tSls xk;] HkSal ls tqMok¡ iSnk djus esa ykHknk;d gSA tqMok¡ ;k rks eknk ds e/;e vfrfMEcksRltZu }kjk ;k fQj Hkzw.k foHkktu ;k Hkwz.k Dyksfuax }kjk rS;kj fd;s tkrs gSaA

Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k dh fof/k%

vkt cMs i'kqvksa ¼xk;] HkSal bR;kfn½ esa tks Hkh O;kolkf;d rkSj ij Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k gks jgs gS muesa fcuk 'kY; fpfdRlk okys izR;kjksi.k gh fd;s tk jgs gSA bl fof/k esa dbZ pj.k gksrs gS vkSj dkQh le; Hkh yxrk gSA] tSls%

1- Hkzw.k nkrk dk p;u%

;g p;u izfØ;k nqX/k mRiknu gsrq nkrk p;u esa ek¡l gsrq nkrk p;u izfØ;k dh vis{kk dkQh ljy gSA D;ksafd nqX/k mRiknu gsrq p;u eq[; :i ls ,d eq[; y{k.k] nqX/k mRikndrk ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA nkrk eknk i'kq iq:Riknu ds fglkc ls fcYdqy LoLFk gksuk pkfg,A bl i'kq ds p;u ds fy, fuEufyf[kr fcUnq /;ku esa j[kus pkfg,A

�nkrk i'kq tYn o;Ld gksus ds ckn fu;fer :i ls en pØ ¼xHkkZ/kku dky½ esa gksA

�izfr xHkZ /kkj.k esa nks ls T;knk xHkkZ/kku u djuk iM+k gksA

�yxHkx 365 fnu dk O;kus dk varjky gksaA

�C;kus dh O;kf/k;ksa u gq;h gksA

�dksbZ 'kkjhfjd ;k vkuqoaf'kd O;kf/k u gksA

2- nkrk dk vfr v.MksRltZu%

;g Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k dk lcls egRoiw.kZ pj.k gSA bl fof/k esa ,Q-,l-,p uked gkjeksu nsdj nkrk ds fMEc iqfVdh; fodkl dks vR;f/kd izsfjr fd;k tkrk gSa ftlls eknk ml en dky esa 10 ;k vf/kd vaMs mRlftZr djrh gSA bl fpfdRlk esa yxHkx 85 izfr'kr nkrk i'kq ykHkfUor gksrs gSa vkSj vkSlru 5 izR;kjksi.k ;ksX; Hkzw.k mRi™k djus esa l{ke gksrs gSA

lcls igys vfr fMEcksRltZu izfØ;k ij 'kks/k dk;Z lu~ 1927 esa fLeFk ,oa bZxy us pwgksa ij fiV;wVjh uked ,.MksØkbZu xzafFk vxz vaoaVq vFkok vxz fi;w"k ds ifj"d`r nzO; }kjk fd;k FkkA xk; HkSal esa ,Q-,l-,p- 20&50 fexzk izfr i'kq dh nj ls ,oa ih-,e-,l-th- ¼PMSG½ HkS al es a 2000&3000 vkbZ-;w- vkSj xk; esa 2500&3000 vkbZ-;w- dh nj ls fn;k tkrk gSa

3- eknk dk xHkkZ/kku%

vfr fMEcksRltZu ds dkj.k eknk i'kq dh fMEcxzfUFk ls ,d lkFk dbZ v.Mk.kq fudyrs gSaA vr% bl eknk dk xHkkZ/kku ,d ls vf/kd ckj en dky 'kq: gksus ds 12] 24] 36 ?kaVs ckn vkSj vf/kd oh;Z ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA

4- eknk ds xHkZ ls Hkzw.k ladyu%

xSj 'kY; fpfdRlk] 'kY; fpfdRlk dh vis{kk vf/kd lqjf{kr ,oa ljy gksus ds dkj.k xk;&HkSal esa ;g fof/k T;knk izpfyr gSA bl fof/k esa xHkkZ/kku ds 5&6 fnu ckn la'ysf"kr jcj dk dSFksVj ¼,d izdkj dh uyh½ eknk dh cPps nkuh dh xzhok esa j[kdj mlesa ,d fo'ks"k nzo ek/;e izosf'kr djk;k tkrk gS vkSj ;g nzo iqu% ,d crZu esa bdV~Bk dj fy;k tkrk gSA blh nzo ek/;e ds lkFk Hkwz.k Hkh vk tkrs gSA bl rjg ,d rjQ ds xHkZ dks ikWp ckj lkQ fd;k tkrk gS vkSj yxHkx 300&800 feyh] nzo bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gSA fQj 30 feuV ckn lw{en'khZ dh lgk;rk ls Hkwz.kksa dks p;fur dj bdV~Bk dj fy;k tkrk gSA

5- Hkzw.kksa dk ewY;kadu%

izR;sd Hkwz.k dk ijh{k.k lw{;n'khZ }kjk fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mUgsa mudh xq.koRrk ds vk/kkj ij fofHkUu oxksZa esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gSA

6- xzgh eknk dk p;u ,o rS;kjh%

tks eknk,a iquq:Riknu dh n`f"V ls mRre ,oea ekr`Ro {kerk okyh gksrh gSa mUgsa xzkgh eknk ds :i esa p;fur fd;k tkrk gSA lQy Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k ds fy, Hkqz.k voLFkk ,oa xzkgh eknk ds tuura= dk ladkyu vfr vo';d gSA ;g le; vUrjky 12 ?kaVs ls T;knk dk ugha gksuk pkfg,A

7- Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k ,oa xHkZ /kkj.k dh nj %

lcls igys Hkwz.k dks lw{en'khZ dh lgk;rk ls 0-25 feyh- LVªk esa Hkjk tkrk gSA d`f=e xHkkZ/kku dh rjg gh bl LVªk dks xHkkZ/kku&xu esa j[kk tkrk gS fQj xzkgh ds xHkkZ'k;] fMEcxzfUFk LFkkfir dj fn;k tkrk gSA vkn'kZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa yxHkx 75% ¼lkekU;r% 20&50%½ Hkzw.k lQyrk iwoZd xfHkZr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA vf/kd xHkkZ/kkj.k nj ikus ds fy, izR;sd xHkZ esa ,d&,d Hkzw.k izfrLFkkfir djuk pkfg, ysfdu blls tqMokW cPps tuus dh lEHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA

vkfFkZd n`f"V ls bl rduhd dk mi;ksx lkekU; fdlkuksa ds fy, fu;fer rkSj ij ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA blfy, bl rduhd dk mi;ksx eq[; :i ls d`f=e xHkkZ/kku gsrq ;k xHkkZ/kku gsrq mPp xq.koRrk ds lk¡M rS;kj djus esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj ,d xk; ds vfr fMEcksRltZu ,oa ladkyu esa yxHkx 2000 :i;s dk [kpZ vk tkrk gS vkSj iw.kZ Hkwz.k iz;kjksi.k esa ;g ykxr yxHkx 2500 ls 3000 :0 rd gks ldrh gS ysfdu bl rduhfd esa mRrjksjksRrj fodkl dks ns[krs gq, fudV Hkfo"; esa vke fdlkuksa ds fy, miyC/k gks tkus dh lEHkkouk gSA

44 45

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

nqX/k mRiknu gsrq i'kq ladj iztuu ¼Økl fczfMax½ i)fr dks dkQh le; ls viuk;k tk jgk gSA blds ckn d`f=e xHkkZ/kku ¼vkVhZQhf'k;y bulsehus'ku½ rduhd }kjk mRre uLy ds lk¡M ds tuu nzO; dk mi;ksx dj vf/kd mRiknu okyh larfr rS;kj djus esa dkQh lQyrk feyh gSA ysfdu bu lc Hkjiwj iz;klksa ds ckotwn d`f=e xHkkZ/kku rduhd dh lQyrk lqfu;ksftr QkekZs esa 50&60 izfr'kr ,oa fdlkuksa ds Lrj ij dsoy 30 izfr'kr gh gSA nwljh rduhd tks i'kq iqu:Riknu vuqla/kku esa vxz.kh Hkwfedk fuHkk jgh gS] og gS Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhdA foxr o"kksZa esa bl rduhd esa dkQh fodkl gqvk gS vkSj xk;] HkSal] HksM] cdjh] ?kksM+k] fgju bR;kfn ds gtkjksa cPps bl rduhd }kjk iSnk fd;s tk pqds gSaA D;ksafd bl rduhd esa uj o eknk nksuksa gh mPp xq.koRrk ds pqus tkrs gSa blfy, bl rduhd }kjk vkuqokaf'kd lq/kkj 3&4 xquk rd fd;k tk ldrk gSA Hkkjr ljdkj us bl rduhd dks vius lkrosa Iyku esa igys ls gh lesfdr fd;k gqvk gSA

25 tqykbZ 2009 dks iatkc ds vk;Zpe xkWo esa bl rduhd }kjk mPp xq.koRrk dk eknk cNM+k iSnk fd;k x;kA ;g cNM+k 5000 fdxzk izfr C;kWr nw/k nsus okyh eknk ,oa vk;kfrr gkWfyfLVu lk¡M ftldh ek¡ dh nqX/k mRiknu {kerk 13]000 fdxzk izfr C;kWr Fkh] ds ladj.k ls rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA blh rjg Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd o vU; rduhdksa }kjk uLy lq/kkj }kjk iatkc] gfj;k.kk tSls izkarksa us

i'kq/ku fodkl esa

Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dk ;ksxnku

1Mk0 fodk'k pUnz ,oa

2Mk0 th0 r# 'kekZ

dqy i'kq/ku la[;k /kVkdj dqy mRiknu dkQh c<+k fy;k gSA

ekud iSekuksa dk vuqlj.k djrs gq, vHkh rd ,d xk; ls ,d o"kZ esa 10 ls vf/kd cNMs+ iSnk fd;s tk pqds gSaA d`f=e fu"kspu ,oa Hkwz.k iR;kjksi.k }kjk HkSal o cdjh dk igyk cPpk Hkjr esa gh iSnk fd;k x;k gSA

;|fi ;g rduhd Hkkjrokfl;ksa dks izkphu dky ls gh Kkr Fkh] 2]500 o"kZ iwoZ bl rduhd dks Hkxoku egkohj ds tUe ds fy, iz;ksx fd;k x;kA ,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd Hkxoku egkohj ekrk nsouank ds xHkZ esa xfHkZr gq, fQj mUgs jkuh f='kyk ds xHkZ esa izR;jksfir dj fn;k x;k D;kssafd ?kkfeZd fu;eksa ds vuqlkj lar ,oa /keZ ds laLFkkid dsoy 'kkgh ?kjkuksa esa tUesa O;fDr gh cu ldrs FksA ;gh ugha egkHkkjr dky esa lkS dkSjoksa dk ,d gh ekrk xka/kkjh }kjk tUe ysuk] bl rduhfd }kjk gh laHko tku iM+rk gSA oSKkfud rkSj ij fdlh Lru/kkjh dk lQy Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k igyh ckj lu~ 1890 esa okYVj ghi us [kjxks'k esa fd;kA Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dk fodkl 1970 ds n'kd esa dkQh rhoz xfr ls gqvkA

Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd dh mi;ksfxrk%

1- foyqIr izk; i'kq iztkfr;ksa ds vkuqoaf'kd nzO; ds ifjj{k.k esa%

,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj lkS lky igys HkSal] xk;] ?kksM+k] x/kk] cdjh] HksaM+ o lqvj dh yxHkx 3]831 iztkfr;ksa ik;h tkrh Fkha

ftlesa ls 618 ;kfu 16 izfr'kr iztkfr;kW vkt foyqIr gks pqdh gSaA buesa ls yxHkx 60 izfr'kr iztkfr;kW fodflr ns'kksa }kjk d`f"k ds la?kuhdj.k ds dkj.k gq;h gSA Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k rduhd bu foyqIrizk; iztkfr;ksa ds tuu nzO; ds ifjj{k.k ds fy, vkt ,d egRoiw.kZ gy ekuh tk jgh gSA bl rduhd dk mi;ksx Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA

2- xHkZ iwoZ fyax fu/kZj.k ,oa Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k%

i'kq/ku ds tSfod o vkfFkZd mUufr ds fy, LosfPNr fyax Hksnhd`r Hkwz.k mi;ksx Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA igyk lQy iwoZ fyax fu/kkZfjr xkaSj cNM+k dukMk esa lu~ 1975 esa iSnk fd;k x;k vkSj vkt rd fo'o esa gtkjksa ,sls cPps iSnk fd;s tk pqds gSaA iwoZ fyax fu/kkZj.k ;k rks 'kqØk.kq fyax foHksnhdj.k ;k fQj Hkwz.k fyax foHksnhdj.k }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

3- tuu nzO; dk lgt ,oa laØe.kghu LFkkukraj.k%

i'kq/ku dks mlds tuu nzO; ds :i esa yEch nwjh rd LFkkukarj.k vR;f/kd de [kpZ esa fcuk fdlh laØe.k ds bl rduhd }kjk laHko gSA igyh ckj Hkzw.k dk lQy LFkkukraj.k lu~ 1977 esa U;wthyS.M ls vkLVªsfy;k rd fd;k x;kA

4- rhoz xfr ls i'kq dk vkWuqoaf'kd fodkl%

eknk larfr ijh{k.k }kjk i'kq/ku dk vkuqoakf'kd fodkl tUekUrj de dj fd;k tk ldrk gSA

;|fi Hkkjr fo'o esa lcls vf/kd nqX/k mRiknu djus okyk ns'k cu x;k gS fQj Hkh izfr i'kq ds fglkc ls Hkkjr nqX/k mRiknu esa dbZ ns'kksa ls ihNs gSA bldk eq[; dkj.k de nqX/k mRiknu djus okys i'kqvksa dk vf/kd la[;k esa gksuk gSA bl le; tc c<+rh tula[;k ds dkj.k tgk¡ izkd`frd lalk/kuksa dh deh gksrh tk jgh gS] ogha bu de mRikndrk okys i'kqvksa dh vf/kdrk dh otg ls vkSlr mRikndrk de vkSj izkd`frd lalk/kuksa dk {kj.k vf/kd gks jgk gSA lkFk gh i'kqvksa dh ;g vf/kd la[;k xzhu gkml xSlksa ds dqy mRiknu dks c<+kus ,oa Xykscy okfeZax esa vge Hkwfedk fuHkk jgh gSA vr% vkt t:jr bl ckr dh gS fd vf/kd nqX/k mRiknu djus okys i'kqvksa dh la[;k c<kdj dqy i'kqvksa dh la[;k de dh tk; vkSj vkSlr mRikndrk dks c<k;k tk;A

1oSKkfud 'khrks".k i'kqikyu foHkkx] Hkkjrh; i'kq&fpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku]

eqDrs'oj&263 138 ¼mÙkjk[k.M½2foHkkxk?;{k] nSfgdh ,oa tyok;qdh foHkkx] Hkkjrh; i'qk&fpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku]

bTtruxj ¼m0 iz0½

5- fujksxh i'kq lewg rS;kj djus esa%

cgqr ls v?;;uksa }kjk ;g Kkr gqvk gS fd Hkzw.k }kjk laØe.k dk gLrkarj.k ugha gksrk gS c'krZs lHkh iz;qDr ekudksa dk vuqlj.k Hkwz.k mRiknu ,oa izR;kjksi.k esa fd;k tk;A ;g ekud ÞLokLF; ,oa lqj{kk lykg lfefrß ;k ÞvUrjkZ"Vªh; Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k laLFkkß }kjk fu/kkZfjr fd;s x;s gSaA

6- d`f=e xHkkZ/kku gsrq mRre uLy ds lk¡M dk mRiknu%

vktdy lkekU; rkSj ij xHkkZ/kku gsrq lk¡M dk mRiknu Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k rduhfd }kjk fd;k tk jgk gS ftlesa mRre uLy ds lk¡M o xk; dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bl rduhd }kjk bu lk¡Mksa dh vkuqoaf'kdh; tk¡p dh tk ldrh gSA

7- tqMokW cPps mRi™k djuk%

;g rduhd eq[; #i ls ,dy larku tuus okys i'kqvksa tSls xk;] HkSal ls tqMok¡ iSnk djus esa ykHknk;d gSA tqMok¡ ;k rks eknk ds e/;e vfrfMEcksRltZu }kjk ;k fQj Hkzw.k foHkktu ;k Hkwz.k Dyksfuax }kjk rS;kj fd;s tkrs gSaA

Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k dh fof/k%

vkt cMs i'kqvksa ¼xk;] HkSal bR;kfn½ esa tks Hkh O;kolkf;d rkSj ij Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k gks jgs gS muesa fcuk 'kY; fpfdRlk okys izR;kjksi.k gh fd;s tk jgs gSA bl fof/k esa dbZ pj.k gksrs gS vkSj dkQh le; Hkh yxrk gSA] tSls%

1- Hkzw.k nkrk dk p;u%

;g p;u izfØ;k nqX/k mRiknu gsrq nkrk p;u esa ek¡l gsrq nkrk p;u izfØ;k dh vis{kk dkQh ljy gSA D;ksafd nqX/k mRiknu gsrq p;u eq[; :i ls ,d eq[; y{k.k] nqX/k mRikndrk ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA nkrk eknk i'kq iq:Riknu ds fglkc ls fcYdqy LoLFk gksuk pkfg,A bl i'kq ds p;u ds fy, fuEufyf[kr fcUnq /;ku esa j[kus pkfg,A

�nkrk i'kq tYn o;Ld gksus ds ckn fu;fer :i ls en pØ ¼xHkkZ/kku dky½ esa gksA

�izfr xHkZ /kkj.k esa nks ls T;knk xHkkZ/kku u djuk iM+k gksA

�yxHkx 365 fnu dk O;kus dk varjky gksaA

�C;kus dh O;kf/k;ksa u gq;h gksA

�dksbZ 'kkjhfjd ;k vkuqoaf'kd O;kf/k u gksA

2- nkrk dk vfr v.MksRltZu%

;g Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k dk lcls egRoiw.kZ pj.k gSA bl fof/k esa ,Q-,l-,p uked gkjeksu nsdj nkrk ds fMEc iqfVdh; fodkl dks vR;f/kd izsfjr fd;k tkrk gSa ftlls eknk ml en dky esa 10 ;k vf/kd vaMs mRlftZr djrh gSA bl fpfdRlk esa yxHkx 85 izfr'kr nkrk i'kq ykHkfUor gksrs gSa vkSj vkSlru 5 izR;kjksi.k ;ksX; Hkzw.k mRi™k djus esa l{ke gksrs gSA

lcls igys vfr fMEcksRltZu izfØ;k ij 'kks/k dk;Z lu~ 1927 esa fLeFk ,oa bZxy us pwgksa ij fiV;wVjh uked ,.MksØkbZu xzafFk vxz vaoaVq vFkok vxz fi;w"k ds ifj"d`r nzO; }kjk fd;k FkkA xk; HkSal esa ,Q-,l-,p- 20&50 fexzk izfr i'kq dh nj ls ,oa ih-,e-,l-th- ¼PMSG½ HkS al es a 2000&3000 vkbZ-;w- vkSj xk; esa 2500&3000 vkbZ-;w- dh nj ls fn;k tkrk gSa

3- eknk dk xHkkZ/kku%

vfr fMEcksRltZu ds dkj.k eknk i'kq dh fMEcxzfUFk ls ,d lkFk dbZ v.Mk.kq fudyrs gSaA vr% bl eknk dk xHkkZ/kku ,d ls vf/kd ckj en dky 'kq: gksus ds 12] 24] 36 ?kaVs ckn vkSj vf/kd oh;Z ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA

4- eknk ds xHkZ ls Hkzw.k ladyu%

xSj 'kY; fpfdRlk] 'kY; fpfdRlk dh vis{kk vf/kd lqjf{kr ,oa ljy gksus ds dkj.k xk;&HkSal esa ;g fof/k T;knk izpfyr gSA bl fof/k esa xHkkZ/kku ds 5&6 fnu ckn la'ysf"kr jcj dk dSFksVj ¼,d izdkj dh uyh½ eknk dh cPps nkuh dh xzhok esa j[kdj mlesa ,d fo'ks"k nzo ek/;e izosf'kr djk;k tkrk gS vkSj ;g nzo iqu% ,d crZu esa bdV~Bk dj fy;k tkrk gSA blh nzo ek/;e ds lkFk Hkwz.k Hkh vk tkrs gSA bl rjg ,d rjQ ds xHkZ dks ikWp ckj lkQ fd;k tkrk gS vkSj yxHkx 300&800 feyh] nzo bdV~Bk fd;k tkrk gSA fQj 30 feuV ckn lw{en'khZ dh lgk;rk ls Hkwz.kksa dks p;fur dj bdV~Bk dj fy;k tkrk gSA

5- Hkzw.kksa dk ewY;kadu%

izR;sd Hkwz.k dk ijh{k.k lw{;n'khZ }kjk fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mUgsa mudh xq.koRrk ds vk/kkj ij fofHkUu oxksZa esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gSA

6- xzgh eknk dk p;u ,o rS;kjh%

tks eknk,a iquq:Riknu dh n`f"V ls mRre ,oea ekr`Ro {kerk okyh gksrh gSa mUgsa xzkgh eknk ds :i esa p;fur fd;k tkrk gSA lQy Hkwz.k izR;kjksi.k ds fy, Hkqz.k voLFkk ,oa xzkgh eknk ds tuura= dk ladkyu vfr vo';d gSA ;g le; vUrjky 12 ?kaVs ls T;knk dk ugha gksuk pkfg,A

7- Hkzw.k izR;kjksi.k ,oa xHkZ /kkj.k dh nj %

lcls igys Hkwz.k dks lw{en'khZ dh lgk;rk ls 0-25 feyh- LVªk esa Hkjk tkrk gSA d`f=e xHkkZ/kku dh rjg gh bl LVªk dks xHkkZ/kku&xu esa j[kk tkrk gS fQj xzkgh ds xHkkZ'k;] fMEcxzfUFk LFkkfir dj fn;k tkrk gSA vkn'kZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa yxHkx 75% ¼lkekU;r% 20&50%½ Hkzw.k lQyrk iwoZd xfHkZr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA vf/kd xHkkZ/kkj.k nj ikus ds fy, izR;sd xHkZ esa ,d&,d Hkzw.k izfrLFkkfir djuk pkfg, ysfdu blls tqMokW cPps tuus dh lEHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA

vkfFkZd n`f"V ls bl rduhd dk mi;ksx lkekU; fdlkuksa ds fy, fu;fer rkSj ij ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA blfy, bl rduhd dk mi;ksx eq[; :i ls d`f=e xHkkZ/kku gsrq ;k xHkkZ/kku gsrq mPp xq.koRrk ds lk¡M rS;kj djus esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj ,d xk; ds vfr fMEcksRltZu ,oa ladkyu esa yxHkx 2000 :i;s dk [kpZ vk tkrk gS vkSj iw.kZ Hkwz.k iz;kjksi.k esa ;g ykxr yxHkx 2500 ls 3000 :0 rd gks ldrh gS ysfdu bl rduhfd esa mRrjksjksRrj fodkl dks ns[krs gq, fudV Hkfo"; esa vke fdlkuksa ds fy, miyC/k gks tkus dh lEHkkouk gSA

46 47

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl ds 99osa l= ds mn~?kkVu Hkk"k.k es ns'k ds iz/kkuea=h Mk0 eueksgu flag dk Li"V dFku Fkk fd ge phu o vU; ns'kksa ds eqdkcys foKku es fiNM+ jgs gaSA ;g Hkkjr esa foKku dh orZeku fLFkrh dks c;k¡ djrh gSA ns'k ds loksZPp Lrj ij fLodksjksfDr rFkk mlds foKkuh leqnk; ds le{k dguk] vkSj bl ns'k ls tgk¡ lsdM+ks dh rknkn esa foKku laLFkk,¡ dk;Z dj jgh gks os] fcuk izfrokn ds dFku dks vkRelkr djrh gks] rks dFku dh lR;rk ls lansg gksus dh xqtkbZ'k ugha gSA iz/kkuea=h ds dFku dks ysdj oSKkfud rFkk foKku laLFkk, rks pqi gS ijUrq v[kckjksa es bl ckr dks ysdj ys[k ,oa lEiknfd; fy[ks x, gS tks izfroknkRed u gksdj fo'ys"k.kkRed FksA

tks ys[k vkSj lEiknfd; iz/kkuea=h th ds dFku ij fy[ksa x, gS muesa nks rF; mHkj dk lkeus vk, gS] ,d ge nwljs ns'kksa ds eqdkcys foKku ij de /ku [kpZ djrs gS rFkk nwljk gekjs ;gk¡ oSKkfudksa dh deh gSA vkdM+ksa ls ;g fl) djus fd dksf'k'k dh xbZ gS fd vesfjdk vkSj phu vius ldy ?ksjyw mRiknu dk Øe'k 2-6 rFkk 2-0 izfr'kr foKku ij [kpZ djrs gSa ge ek= 0-9 izfr'kr gh [kpZ djrs gSA vxj okLrfod rkSj ij x.kuk dh tk, rks irk pyrk gS fd vesfjdk vkSj phu gels dbZ xquk vf/kd [kpZ djrs gS D;ksafd mudk ldy ?kjsyw mRiknu Hkkjr ds eqdkcys Øe'k% 9 vkSj 2 xquk vf/kd gSA iz/kkuea=h us oSKkfud leqnk; dks vk'oLr fd;k gS fd ge /ku dh ck/kk dks nwj djsxsa vkSj ljdkj dh bl izfrc)rk dks nksgjk;k gS fd ge orZeku 0-9 izfr'kr ds Lrj ls mBdj 1-5 izfr'kr rd orZeku iap of"kZ; ;kstuk ds var rd ys tk,xsaA /kujk'kh c<+us ds lkFk oSKkfudksa dh la[;k ls Hkh btkQk gksuk r; gSA dqN ys[kksa es oSKkfud ra= ij ukSdj'kkgh ds gkoh gksus dh Hkh ckr dgh x;h FkhA ,d fo'ys"k.k ;s phu eas eqdkcys Hkkjr ds fiNsM+iu dks lgh lkfcr djus ds fy, ;g Hkh dgk x;k fd Hkkjr eas izfro"kZ yxHkx 2]30]000 ds 'kks/k

lkef;dh vkbus eas Hkkjrh; foKku vt; dqekj fc;kuh

i= izdkf'kr gksrs gSa tcfd phu esa 9]70]000 ds vklikl 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr gksrs gaSA

D;k vf/kd /ku vkSj vf/kd oSKkfudksa dh HkrhZ ls foKku dh n'kk lq/kkjh tk ldrh gS\ D;k vf/kd /ku ls vf/kd 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr gks ldrs gS\ foKku ra= dks D;k ukSdj'kkgh ls eqDr fd;k tk ldrk gS\ D;k oSKkfudksa dks ncko es j[k dk vf/kd 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr djk;s tk ldrs gaS\ gekjs ns'k esa 'kks/k dk orZeku Lrj D;k gS\

lHkh iz'u vR;ar tfVy gSA tfVy iz'uksa ds mÙkj Hkh tVhy gh gksaxsa] blls iwoZ fd ge bu iz'uksa ds mÙkj eas tk,] gesa ;g le>uk gksxk fd oSKkfud dk;Z D;k gksrk gS vkSj oSKkfud dgrs fdls gS\ foKku vkSj izkS|kSfxdh es D;k vUrj gS\ Øec) Kku dks gh foKku vFkok fo'ks"k Kku ekuk tkrk gSA Øec) Kku ls gkfly dh xbZ tkudkjh ls vxj dksbZ u;k rF; ;k oLrq izkIr gksrh gS rks mls vfo"dkj dh laKk ns ldrs gSA vxj bl ubZ tkudkjh dk O;olkf;d Lrj ij nksgu dj fuek.kZ fd;k tk, rks ml fuekZ.k fof/k dks izkS|ksfxdh dgrs gSA izkS|ksfxdh es lrr~ cnyko gksus ls mRié oLrqvksa dh xq.koÙkk rks lq/kjrh gh gS lkFk gh mudh muds ewY; Hkh de gksrsa tkraas gSA oLrqvksa ds fuekZ.k dkA dk;Z bathfu;jksa dk gS u fd oSKkfudksa dk fuekZ.k ds nkSjku bathfu;lZ viuh fnDdrsa oSKkfudksa dks crkrs gaS vkSj oSKkfud leL;k dk lek/kku fudkyus dh dksf'k'k djrs jgrs gSA oSKkfudksa dk eq[; dk;Z gksrk gS fdlh izfØ;k dk ckjhdh ls voyksdu dj ;g irk yxkuk fd og izfØ;k D;ksa gqbZ gSA vxj lgh dkj.k le> esa vk tk, rks og izfØ;k dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr djrk gSA bl fl)kUr dks ekU;rk tc feyrh gS tc vyx&vyx ns'kksa es dk;Z djus okys oSKkfud Hkh mlh izfØ;k ;k izfØ;k esa lq/kkj dj mlh urhts ij igq¡ps tks loZizFke fdlh oSKkfud us izfrikfnr fd;k FkkA foKku 'kh"kZ Lrj ij bruk tfVy gks pqdk gS fd ,d gh fo"k; dh nks vyx&vyx 'kk[kkvksa ds oSKkfud ,d nwljs ds dk;Z dks le> ikus esa dBukbZ dk vuqHko djrs gSA ;g Hkh lp gS fd ,d

lkekU; oSKkfud rks mlds [kqn ds fo"k; ls 'kh"kZ Lrj ij miyC/k tkudkjh Hkh ugha le> ikrk gS] ml Lrj ij dk;Z djuk rks cgqr nwj dh ckr gSA ,slk Hkh ugha gS fd 'kh"kZ Lrj ds dk;Z dks le>k ugha tk ldrkA vxj dksbZ oSKkfud fdlh u;s fo"k; dks iw.kZ #i ls le>us vkSj ml {ks= esa vius vki dk;Z djus dh fLFkfr esa igq¡pus cgqr le; yxk nsxk rks og viuh izxrh D;k fn[kk ik;sxk\ oSKkfudksa dh izxrh dk ekin.M muds }kjk izdkf'kr 'kks/k i= gSaA ;g 'kks/k i= pkgs os vdsys fy[kas ;k lewg vFkok xzwi ds lkFkA ftrus vf/kd 'kks/k i= mruk gh vf/kd 'kks/k dk;ZA bl fcUnq ls pwgk nkSM+ 'kq# gks tkrh gS] oSKkfud pkgrk gS fd mlds vf/kd ls vf/kd 'kks/k i= gj lky izdkf'kr gks D;ksafd 'kks/k i=ksa ds ckj&ckj Nius ls mldk uke QSyrk gS] blls mldk oSKkfud leqnk; eas LFkku curk gSA ;gh fLFkfr mls vkxs tkdj foKku dk lapkyd cuk nsrh gSA

oSKkfud dk;Z vkSj izxfr dk vkadyu gj Lrj ij gksrk gSA vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij dbZ futh ,oa xSj ljdkjh laLFkk, gj ns'k es gks jgs oSKkfud dk;ksZa ij fuxkg gh ugha j[krh gSa mudk vkdyu Hkh djrh gSa vkSj vkadyu dh okf"kZd fjiksVZ izdkf'kr Hkh gksrh gSA vxj bu vkadyuksa ij fuxkg Mkysa rks fuf'pr #i ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd gekjs ns'k es oSKkfud 'kks/k vU; ns'kksa ds eqdkcys de gks jgk gSA

fo'o eas oSKkfud dk;Z dh vis{kk foKku laLFkkuksa esa dk;Zjr oSKkfudksa vkSj 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa ls rFkk mPp f'k{kk ls tqM+s gq, egkfo|ky;ksa vkSj fo'ofo|ky;ksa ls dk;Zjr izk/;kidksa vkSj muds funsZ'ku es 'kks/k djus okyksa Nk=ksa ls dh tkrh gSa buds vykok oSKkfud dk;Z futh {ks= dh cM+h dEifu;k¡ rFkk xSj ljdkjh laxBu Hkh djrs gSA futh {ks= dh dEifu;k¡ vius O;olkf;d fgrksa ds vuqlkj gh 'kks/k ij /ku [kpZ djrh gSA xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa dk >qdko 'kks/k esa de foKku tkx`rh vFkok izlkj izpkj ls vf/kd gksrk gSA

vxj gekjs ns'k ds foKku ,oa rduhdh laLFkkuksa es dk;Zjr oSKkfudks ,oa egkfo|ky;ksa

oxZ igsyh & 4 dk gy ¼if=dk o"kZ 2] vad 1½1 2 3

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;w js dk 'k rk o j

Yd yjs VS

fu u u u frvkW

; V u Lrk'kh

e e ohry

y 'kh dk?kq u y

'k cZÙk ufi

e uep M+k th

,oa fo'ofo|ky;ksa es dk;Z djus okys f'k{kdksa ,oa muds lkFk 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa dh x.kuk djsa rks ;g la[;k djhc 10 yk[k ds vklikl igqaprh gSA ;g la[;k fdlh Hkh ekus es de ugha gSA iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd burh fo'kky la[;k dk ^vkÅViqV* de D;ksa gS\ mPp f'k{kk ds {ks= ls tqM+s gq, O;fDr ds fy, 'kks/k djuk oS/kkfud :i ls vko';d gSA bl nkf;Ro dk fuokZg djus ds fy, ljdkj us mlds lkIrkfgd 40 ?kUVs ds dk;Z es ls vk/kk le; gh d{kk es i<+kus ds fy, r; fd;k gSA 'ks"k le; 'kks/k o vU; dk;ksZa ds fy, fu;r fd;k gSA vxj ,d pkSFkkbZ le; Hkh 'kks/k ds fy, j[kk tk, rks fuf'pr #i ls 'kks/k dk ^vkmViqV* orZeku ^vkmViqV* ls dbZ xquk vf/kd gksxkA ,d O;fDr vklkuh ls o"kZ esa nks 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr dj ldrk gSA vxj nl yk[k yksxksa dk Hkkjh Hkjde egdek foKku] rduhdh vkSj izk|ksfxdh ds fofHké {ks=ksa ls tqM+k gS rks de ls de chl yk[k 'kks/k i= gj o"kZ izdkf'kr gksus pkfg,A gks jgS gSa dqy nks yk[kA bldk lh/kk&lh/kk rkRi;Z gekjs ns'k es foKku ls tqM+s O;fDr;ksa dk mi;ksx ugha gks jgk gSA buesa cM+s iSekus dh fuf"Ø;rk vFkkZr~ buf"kZ;k ¼?kw.kZu½ O;kIr gSA ;g vPNh rjg ls LoikSf"kr fuf"Ø; ra= u rks [kqn dke djrk gS vkSj vxj dksbZ nwljk dke djuk pkgS rks mlds jkLrs es izR;{k vFkok ijks{k #i ls jksM+s vVdkrk gS rkdh 'kks/k dk bPNqd O;fDr ^fMekykZbt+* gksdj 'kks/kkRed xfrfof/k;ksa ls eq¡g Qsj ysA eq[; iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd bruh fo'kky la[;k dks dSls 'kks/kkRed

xfrfof/k;ksa ls tksM+k tk,A vxj 80% fuf"Ø; O;fDr Hkh 'kks/k ls tqM+ tk,xsa rks 'kks/k dk ^vkÅViqV* nks lky ds vUnj dbZ xquk cM+ tk;xkA okLrfodrk rks ;g gS fd 'kks/k es fuf"Ø; lewg uhfr fu/kkZjdksa ds vklkikl ?kwerk gS vkSj vius eu ekfQd QSlys djok ysrk gS rkfd muds fgrksa dk dksbZ uqdlku u gksA vkn'kZ vFkok dM+s ekin.M okyh O;fDrxr vkdyu dh Ldhesa pkSiV bUgh yksxksa ds dkj.k gksrh gSA vDlj ns[kk x;k gS fd tks 'kks/k djrs gS os gh ijs'kku fd;s tkrs gSA ,slk ugh gS fd fuf"Ø;ksa dks lfØ; ugha cuk;k tk ldrk gSA blds fy, vko';d gS laLFkkuksa dk usr`Ro] csnkx] mPpdksfV ds O;fDr;ksa ds gkFk esa gksA lfØ;rk c<+kus ds fy, vkSj Hkh lq>ko fn, tk ldrs gSA

;g ekuuk Hkh xyr gS fd /ku dk vf/kd fofuos"k djus ls 'kks/k xfrfof/k;ksa c<+ tk,sxhA vHkh tks /ku foKku] izkS|ksfxdh ds {ks= es vkoafVr fd;k tk jgk gS og Hkh fdlh ekus es de ugh gSA vktdy Hkkjr ljdkj ds fofHké ea=ky; 'kks/k vkSj rduhfd ds fodkl ds uke djksM+ks&vjcksa #i, ds izkstsDV oSKkfudksa ds leqnk; dks vkcafVr djrs gSaA tgk¡ yk[k #i, dh t:jr gS ogk¡ ij yk[k vkofVr gksuk pkfg, vkSj tgk¡ ij djksM+ksa dh t:jr gS ogk¡ ij djksM+ksa dk vkaoVu gksA ek= :i, vkaofVr djus ls urhts izkIr ugh fd;s tk ldrs gSA vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd ftruk cM+k vkcaVu gksrk gS mruk gh cM+k ^ÝkM* gksrk gSA dbZ ckj ;g ÝkM iwjs ns'k dks 'keZlkj Hkh djrk gSA gky gh esa nks vesfjdu ^thUl* dks Hkkjrh; oSKkfudks us ^chVhdkVu* es jksfir dj ns'k dh miyC/kh crkdj okgh okgh ywVus dh dks'kh'k dhA djksM+ksa #i, Lokgk gks tkus ij izkstsDV dh miyfC/k ds uke ij ,d fjiksVZ izLrqr dj nh tkrh gS] tks ckn es vYekjh dh 'kksHkk c<+krh gSA bu fjiksZVksa ls fdrus 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr fd;s x, bldh dksbZ ^ekuhVfjax* ugh gksrh gSA tc yk[kks&djksM+ksa #i, 'kks/k ds fy,

fn, tkrs gS rks 'kks/k i= vFkok fjlpZ isilZ Hkh izdkf'kr gksuk pkfg,A vxj 'kks/k izdkf'kr ugh gS rks 'kks/k mPp Lrj dh ugh gS vFkok izdk'ku ds ekun.M ds vuq#i ugh gSA vxj izdk'ku ugh gS rks 'kks/k ds uke ij lhQZ iSls gh cckZn gq, gSA

vc iz'u mBrk gS fd iwjs ns'k ls nks yk[k rhl gtkj ds djhc 'kks/k i= rks izdkf'kr gq, gh gS rks budk vkdyu dSls djs\ ;g dguk fd ns'k es dksbZ 'kks/k ugh gks jgk gS] xyr gS ;k ;g dgsa dh 'kks/k ds uke ij /ku dh cckZnh gks jgh gS] ;g Hkh xyr gSA ;g fu"d"kZ vo'; fudky ldrs gSa vis{kkd`r gekjs ns'k esa de 'kks/k gks jgk gSA vxj 'kks/k de gks jgk gS rks vko';drk bl ckr dh 'kks/k fd xfr c<+s vkSj vf/kd 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr gksaA orZeku 'kks/k dk ra= pkgs og oSKkfud laLFkkuksa dk gks ;k mPp f'k{kk] ^vdkÅUVsfcyhVh ysl* vFkkZr~ ftEesokjhghu gSA bl ra= dks ^vdkÅUVscy* cukuk igyh izkFkfedrk gksuh pkfg,A ftEesnkjh dk fu/kkZj.k bl rjg ls gks fd dksbZ VkyeVksy vFkok cgkus ckth ugh dj ldsA

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foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

Hkkjrh; foKku dkaxzsl ds 99osa l= ds mn~?kkVu Hkk"k.k es ns'k ds iz/kkuea=h Mk0 eueksgu flag dk Li"V dFku Fkk fd ge phu o vU; ns'kksa ds eqdkcys foKku es fiNM+ jgs gaSA ;g Hkkjr esa foKku dh orZeku fLFkrh dks c;k¡ djrh gSA ns'k ds loksZPp Lrj ij fLodksjksfDr rFkk mlds foKkuh leqnk; ds le{k dguk] vkSj bl ns'k ls tgk¡ lsdM+ks dh rknkn esa foKku laLFkk,¡ dk;Z dj jgh gks os] fcuk izfrokn ds dFku dks vkRelkr djrh gks] rks dFku dh lR;rk ls lansg gksus dh xqtkbZ'k ugha gSA iz/kkuea=h ds dFku dks ysdj oSKkfud rFkk foKku laLFkk, rks pqi gS ijUrq v[kckjksa es bl ckr dks ysdj ys[k ,oa lEiknfd; fy[ks x, gS tks izfroknkRed u gksdj fo'ys"k.kkRed FksA

tks ys[k vkSj lEiknfd; iz/kkuea=h th ds dFku ij fy[ksa x, gS muesa nks rF; mHkj dk lkeus vk, gS] ,d ge nwljs ns'kksa ds eqdkcys foKku ij de /ku [kpZ djrs gS rFkk nwljk gekjs ;gk¡ oSKkfudksa dh deh gSA vkdM+ksa ls ;g fl) djus fd dksf'k'k dh xbZ gS fd vesfjdk vkSj phu vius ldy ?ksjyw mRiknu dk Øe'k 2-6 rFkk 2-0 izfr'kr foKku ij [kpZ djrs gSa ge ek= 0-9 izfr'kr gh [kpZ djrs gSA vxj okLrfod rkSj ij x.kuk dh tk, rks irk pyrk gS fd vesfjdk vkSj phu gels dbZ xquk vf/kd [kpZ djrs gS D;ksafd mudk ldy ?kjsyw mRiknu Hkkjr ds eqdkcys Øe'k% 9 vkSj 2 xquk vf/kd gSA iz/kkuea=h us oSKkfud leqnk; dks vk'oLr fd;k gS fd ge /ku dh ck/kk dks nwj djsxsa vkSj ljdkj dh bl izfrc)rk dks nksgjk;k gS fd ge orZeku 0-9 izfr'kr ds Lrj ls mBdj 1-5 izfr'kr rd orZeku iap of"kZ; ;kstuk ds var rd ys tk,xsaA /kujk'kh c<+us ds lkFk oSKkfudksa dh la[;k ls Hkh btkQk gksuk r; gSA dqN ys[kksa es oSKkfud ra= ij ukSdj'kkgh ds gkoh gksus dh Hkh ckr dgh x;h FkhA ,d fo'ys"k.k ;s phu eas eqdkcys Hkkjr ds fiNsM+iu dks lgh lkfcr djus ds fy, ;g Hkh dgk x;k fd Hkkjr eas izfro"kZ yxHkx 2]30]000 ds 'kks/k

lkef;dh vkbus eas Hkkjrh; foKku vt; dqekj fc;kuh

i= izdkf'kr gksrs gSa tcfd phu esa 9]70]000 ds vklikl 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr gksrs gaSA

D;k vf/kd /ku vkSj vf/kd oSKkfudksa dh HkrhZ ls foKku dh n'kk lq/kkjh tk ldrh gS\ D;k vf/kd /ku ls vf/kd 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr gks ldrs gS\ foKku ra= dks D;k ukSdj'kkgh ls eqDr fd;k tk ldrk gS\ D;k oSKkfudksa dks ncko es j[k dk vf/kd 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr djk;s tk ldrs gaS\ gekjs ns'k esa 'kks/k dk orZeku Lrj D;k gS\

lHkh iz'u vR;ar tfVy gSA tfVy iz'uksa ds mÙkj Hkh tVhy gh gksaxsa] blls iwoZ fd ge bu iz'uksa ds mÙkj eas tk,] gesa ;g le>uk gksxk fd oSKkfud dk;Z D;k gksrk gS vkSj oSKkfud dgrs fdls gS\ foKku vkSj izkS|kSfxdh es D;k vUrj gS\ Øec) Kku dks gh foKku vFkok fo'ks"k Kku ekuk tkrk gSA Øec) Kku ls gkfly dh xbZ tkudkjh ls vxj dksbZ u;k rF; ;k oLrq izkIr gksrh gS rks mls vfo"dkj dh laKk ns ldrs gSA vxj bl ubZ tkudkjh dk O;olkf;d Lrj ij nksgu dj fuek.kZ fd;k tk, rks ml fuekZ.k fof/k dks izkS|ksfxdh dgrs gSA izkS|ksfxdh es lrr~ cnyko gksus ls mRié oLrqvksa dh xq.koÙkk rks lq/kjrh gh gS lkFk gh mudh muds ewY; Hkh de gksrsa tkraas gSA oLrqvksa ds fuekZ.k dkA dk;Z bathfu;jksa dk gS u fd oSKkfudksa dk fuekZ.k ds nkSjku bathfu;lZ viuh fnDdrsa oSKkfudksa dks crkrs gaS vkSj oSKkfud leL;k dk lek/kku fudkyus dh dksf'k'k djrs jgrs gSA oSKkfudksa dk eq[; dk;Z gksrk gS fdlh izfØ;k dk ckjhdh ls voyksdu dj ;g irk yxkuk fd og izfØ;k D;ksa gqbZ gSA vxj lgh dkj.k le> esa vk tk, rks og izfØ;k dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr djrk gSA bl fl)kUr dks ekU;rk tc feyrh gS tc vyx&vyx ns'kksa es dk;Z djus okys oSKkfud Hkh mlh izfØ;k ;k izfØ;k esa lq/kkj dj mlh urhts ij igq¡ps tks loZizFke fdlh oSKkfud us izfrikfnr fd;k FkkA foKku 'kh"kZ Lrj ij bruk tfVy gks pqdk gS fd ,d gh fo"k; dh nks vyx&vyx 'kk[kkvksa ds oSKkfud ,d nwljs ds dk;Z dks le> ikus esa dBukbZ dk vuqHko djrs gSA ;g Hkh lp gS fd ,d

lkekU; oSKkfud rks mlds [kqn ds fo"k; ls 'kh"kZ Lrj ij miyC/k tkudkjh Hkh ugha le> ikrk gS] ml Lrj ij dk;Z djuk rks cgqr nwj dh ckr gSA ,slk Hkh ugha gS fd 'kh"kZ Lrj ds dk;Z dks le>k ugha tk ldrkA vxj dksbZ oSKkfud fdlh u;s fo"k; dks iw.kZ #i ls le>us vkSj ml {ks= esa vius vki dk;Z djus dh fLFkfr esa igq¡pus cgqr le; yxk nsxk rks og viuh izxrh D;k fn[kk ik;sxk\ oSKkfudksa dh izxrh dk ekin.M muds }kjk izdkf'kr 'kks/k i= gSaA ;g 'kks/k i= pkgs os vdsys fy[kas ;k lewg vFkok xzwi ds lkFkA ftrus vf/kd 'kks/k i= mruk gh vf/kd 'kks/k dk;ZA bl fcUnq ls pwgk nkSM+ 'kq# gks tkrh gS] oSKkfud pkgrk gS fd mlds vf/kd ls vf/kd 'kks/k i= gj lky izdkf'kr gks D;ksafd 'kks/k i=ksa ds ckj&ckj Nius ls mldk uke QSyrk gS] blls mldk oSKkfud leqnk; eas LFkku curk gSA ;gh fLFkfr mls vkxs tkdj foKku dk lapkyd cuk nsrh gSA

oSKkfud dk;Z vkSj izxfr dk vkadyu gj Lrj ij gksrk gSA vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij dbZ futh ,oa xSj ljdkjh laLFkk, gj ns'k es gks jgs oSKkfud dk;ksZa ij fuxkg gh ugha j[krh gSa mudk vkdyu Hkh djrh gSa vkSj vkadyu dh okf"kZd fjiksVZ izdkf'kr Hkh gksrh gSA vxj bu vkadyuksa ij fuxkg Mkysa rks fuf'pr #i ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd gekjs ns'k es oSKkfud 'kks/k vU; ns'kksa ds eqdkcys de gks jgk gSA

fo'o eas oSKkfud dk;Z dh vis{kk foKku laLFkkuksa esa dk;Zjr oSKkfudksa vkSj 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa ls rFkk mPp f'k{kk ls tqM+s gq, egkfo|ky;ksa vkSj fo'ofo|ky;ksa ls dk;Zjr izk/;kidksa vkSj muds funsZ'ku es 'kks/k djus okyksa Nk=ksa ls dh tkrh gSa buds vykok oSKkfud dk;Z futh {ks= dh cM+h dEifu;k¡ rFkk xSj ljdkjh laxBu Hkh djrs gSA futh {ks= dh dEifu;k¡ vius O;olkf;d fgrksa ds vuqlkj gh 'kks/k ij /ku [kpZ djrh gSA xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa dk >qdko 'kks/k esa de foKku tkx`rh vFkok izlkj izpkj ls vf/kd gksrk gSA

vxj gekjs ns'k ds foKku ,oa rduhdh laLFkkuksa es dk;Zjr oSKkfudks ,oa egkfo|ky;ksa

oxZ igsyh & 4 dk gy ¼if=dk o"kZ 2] vad 1½1 2 3

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'k cZÙk ufi

e uep M+k th

,oa fo'ofo|ky;ksa es dk;Z djus okys f'k{kdksa ,oa muds lkFk 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa dh x.kuk djsa rks ;g la[;k djhc 10 yk[k ds vklikl igqaprh gSA ;g la[;k fdlh Hkh ekus es de ugha gSA iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd burh fo'kky la[;k dk ^vkÅViqV* de D;ksa gS\ mPp f'k{kk ds {ks= ls tqM+s gq, O;fDr ds fy, 'kks/k djuk oS/kkfud :i ls vko';d gSA bl nkf;Ro dk fuokZg djus ds fy, ljdkj us mlds lkIrkfgd 40 ?kUVs ds dk;Z es ls vk/kk le; gh d{kk es i<+kus ds fy, r; fd;k gSA 'ks"k le; 'kks/k o vU; dk;ksZa ds fy, fu;r fd;k gSA vxj ,d pkSFkkbZ le; Hkh 'kks/k ds fy, j[kk tk, rks fuf'pr #i ls 'kks/k dk ^vkmViqV* orZeku ^vkmViqV* ls dbZ xquk vf/kd gksxkA ,d O;fDr vklkuh ls o"kZ esa nks 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr dj ldrk gSA vxj nl yk[k yksxksa dk Hkkjh Hkjde egdek foKku] rduhdh vkSj izk|ksfxdh ds fofHké {ks=ksa ls tqM+k gS rks de ls de chl yk[k 'kks/k i= gj o"kZ izdkf'kr gksus pkfg,A gks jgS gSa dqy nks yk[kA bldk lh/kk&lh/kk rkRi;Z gekjs ns'k es foKku ls tqM+s O;fDr;ksa dk mi;ksx ugha gks jgk gSA buesa cM+s iSekus dh fuf"Ø;rk vFkkZr~ buf"kZ;k ¼?kw.kZu½ O;kIr gSA ;g vPNh rjg ls LoikSf"kr fuf"Ø; ra= u rks [kqn dke djrk gS vkSj vxj dksbZ nwljk dke djuk pkgS rks mlds jkLrs es izR;{k vFkok ijks{k #i ls jksM+s vVdkrk gS rkdh 'kks/k dk bPNqd O;fDr ^fMekykZbt+* gksdj 'kks/kkRed xfrfof/k;ksa ls eq¡g Qsj ysA eq[; iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd bruh fo'kky la[;k dks dSls 'kks/kkRed

xfrfof/k;ksa ls tksM+k tk,A vxj 80% fuf"Ø; O;fDr Hkh 'kks/k ls tqM+ tk,xsa rks 'kks/k dk ^vkÅViqV* nks lky ds vUnj dbZ xquk cM+ tk;xkA okLrfodrk rks ;g gS fd 'kks/k es fuf"Ø; lewg uhfr fu/kkZjdksa ds vklkikl ?kwerk gS vkSj vius eu ekfQd QSlys djok ysrk gS rkfd muds fgrksa dk dksbZ uqdlku u gksA vkn'kZ vFkok dM+s ekin.M okyh O;fDrxr vkdyu dh Ldhesa pkSiV bUgh yksxksa ds dkj.k gksrh gSA vDlj ns[kk x;k gS fd tks 'kks/k djrs gS os gh ijs'kku fd;s tkrs gSA ,slk ugh gS fd fuf"Ø;ksa dks lfØ; ugha cuk;k tk ldrk gSA blds fy, vko';d gS laLFkkuksa dk usr`Ro] csnkx] mPpdksfV ds O;fDr;ksa ds gkFk esa gksA lfØ;rk c<+kus ds fy, vkSj Hkh lq>ko fn, tk ldrs gSA

;g ekuuk Hkh xyr gS fd /ku dk vf/kd fofuos"k djus ls 'kks/k xfrfof/k;ksa c<+ tk,sxhA vHkh tks /ku foKku] izkS|ksfxdh ds {ks= es vkoafVr fd;k tk jgk gS og Hkh fdlh ekus es de ugh gSA vktdy Hkkjr ljdkj ds fofHké ea=ky; 'kks/k vkSj rduhfd ds fodkl ds uke djksM+ks&vjcksa #i, ds izkstsDV oSKkfudksa ds leqnk; dks vkcafVr djrs gSaA tgk¡ yk[k #i, dh t:jr gS ogk¡ ij yk[k vkofVr gksuk pkfg, vkSj tgk¡ ij djksM+ksa dh t:jr gS ogk¡ ij djksM+ksa dk vkaoVu gksA ek= :i, vkaofVr djus ls urhts izkIr ugh fd;s tk ldrs gSA vDlj ns[kk tkrk gS fd ftruk cM+k vkcaVu gksrk gS mruk gh cM+k ^ÝkM* gksrk gSA dbZ ckj ;g ÝkM iwjs ns'k dks 'keZlkj Hkh djrk gSA gky gh esa nks vesfjdu ^thUl* dks Hkkjrh; oSKkfudks us ^chVhdkVu* es jksfir dj ns'k dh miyC/kh crkdj okgh okgh ywVus dh dks'kh'k dhA djksM+ksa #i, Lokgk gks tkus ij izkstsDV dh miyfC/k ds uke ij ,d fjiksVZ izLrqr dj nh tkrh gS] tks ckn es vYekjh dh 'kksHkk c<+krh gSA bu fjiksZVksa ls fdrus 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr fd;s x, bldh dksbZ ^ekuhVfjax* ugh gksrh gSA tc yk[kks&djksM+ksa #i, 'kks/k ds fy,

fn, tkrs gS rks 'kks/k i= vFkok fjlpZ isilZ Hkh izdkf'kr gksuk pkfg,A vxj 'kks/k izdkf'kr ugh gS rks 'kks/k mPp Lrj dh ugh gS vFkok izdk'ku ds ekun.M ds vuq#i ugh gSA vxj izdk'ku ugh gS rks 'kks/k ds uke ij lhQZ iSls gh cckZn gq, gSA

vc iz'u mBrk gS fd iwjs ns'k ls nks yk[k rhl gtkj ds djhc 'kks/k i= rks izdkf'kr gq, gh gS rks budk vkdyu dSls djs\ ;g dguk fd ns'k es dksbZ 'kks/k ugh gks jgk gS] xyr gS ;k ;g dgsa dh 'kks/k ds uke ij /ku dh cckZnh gks jgh gS] ;g Hkh xyr gSA ;g fu"d"kZ vo'; fudky ldrs gSa vis{kkd`r gekjs ns'k esa de 'kks/k gks jgk gSA vxj 'kks/k de gks jgk gS rks vko';drk bl ckr dh 'kks/k fd xfr c<+s vkSj vf/kd 'kks/k i= izdkf'kr gksaA orZeku 'kks/k dk ra= pkgs og oSKkfud laLFkkuksa dk gks ;k mPp f'k{kk] ^vdkÅUVsfcyhVh ysl* vFkkZr~ ftEesokjhghu gSA bl ra= dks ^vdkÅUVscy* cukuk igyh izkFkfedrk gksuh pkfg,A ftEesnkjh dk fu/kkZj.k bl rjg ls gks fd dksbZ VkyeVksy vFkok cgkus ckth ugh dj ldsA

48

pw¡fd ckSf)d lEink ^ekuo cqf) dk ,d mRikn gS* ;g dsoy fof/kor Lokeh }kjk ;k fof/kor Lokeh dh vuqefr ls gh bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA

TECHNOPRENEUR OUTREACH CENTRE

(TePP)oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku foHkkx ¼Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0½] Hkkjr

ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh }kjk ifj'kn dks Technopreneur Outreach Centre

(TUC) Lohd`r fd;k x;k gSSA mDr lsUVj gsrq ifj'kn jkT; ds

vketu&ekul rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ¼fo"ks'kdj ch0Vsd0 ,oa ,e0Vsd0

fMtVsZa"ku½ ls uohu rduhdksa ,oa vkfo'dkjksa dks O;olkf;d izksRlkgu nsus

gsrq izLrko vkeaf=r djrh gSA mDr dsUæ ds pkj oxZ 1½ Micro

Technopreneurship Support 2½ TePP Project Fund 3½ Seamless

Scale-up Support for TePP ,oa 4½ Supplementary TePP Fund ds

vUrxZr fu/kkZfjr izk:Ik ij izLrko vkeaf=r fd;s tkrs gSaA izLrko cukus

lEcU/kh tkudkjh Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0] ubZ fnYyh dh osolkbZV

http://www.dsir.gov.in ,oa ifj'kn dh osclkbZV http://ucost.in ij

miyC/k gSA

lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ea=ky; }kjk Lohd`r ¼lgk;rk izkIr½] izns'k ds izFke ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh LFkkiuk] mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj'kn (UCOST) mŸkjk[k.M] nsgjknwu esa dh tk pqdh gSA vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 (IPFC) lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ds vUrxZr isVsUV Qkbfyax] VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku] baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEcfU/k dk;Z djsxkA lkFk gh ;g dsUnz isVsUV] VªsMekdZ] dkWihjkbV RkFkk baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEkcfU/k lq>ko yksxksa dks nsxk ,oa buls lecfU/kr dkuwuh lykg Hkh bl ifj;kstuk dk eq[; y{; gSA bl dsUnz ds eq[; mn~ns'; ,oa lsoka, fuEuor~ gS&

1- ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj (IPR) fo'k;d tkx:drk ,oa izksRlgu gsrq dk;kZ'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu djukA

2- MSMEs {ks= ds fy, IPR dh t:jr dk vkdyu dj mlds vuq:i lsok,a miyC/k djokukA

3- isVsUV Qkbfyax o vkuykbZu lpZ dh lqfo/kk iznku djukA

4- isVsUV] dkWihjkbZV] fMtkbZu ,oa VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku gsrq izksRlkfgr djukA

5- lw{e y?kq ,oa e/;e m|ksxksa dks isVsUV lecU/kh lykg nsuk RkFkk isVsUV Vwy dh tkudkjh iznku djukA

6- MSMEs {ks= esa ,d usVodZ LFkkfir djuk ftlls ckSf)d lEink dk lnqi;ksx fd;k tk ldsaA

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FACILITATION CENTRE (IPFC)

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ladsrcka;s ls nka;s

2- og jklk;fud fØ;k ftlesa dksbZ ;kSfxd fofHké izHkkoksa ds varxZr ljyrj ;kSfxdksa esa] ftuls og cuk gS] foHkkftr gks tk, ¼5½

5- ,d vkdk'kh; fiaM tks ns[kus esa ?kqa?kys /kCcs dh rjg gksrk gS ¼4½

6- og milxZ tks ,d [kcoka fgLlk &12

¼10 ½ n'kkZrk gS ¼2½

7- tLrs rFkk rkacs ds bysDVªksM okys izkFkfed lsy ds vkfo"dkjd ¼4½

10- Vhds ds vkfo"dkjd dk uke ¼3½

12- uhps&Åij fy[kh oLrqvksa dk Øe ¼3½

14- fdlh lzksr ls fdj.kksa vFkok d.kksa dk mRltZu ¼4½

15- risfnd jksx ¼2½

18- ÝsMfjd owyj }kjk [kkstk x;k og rRo ftldh ijek.kq la[;k 39 gS ¼4½

20- ,d gtkj fdyksxzke ¼3]2½

Åij ls uhps

1- 'kjhj dk og vax tks yky jDr df.kdkvksa ds fuekZ.k o fouk'k ds fy, ftEesnkj gS ¼2½

2- jlk;u foKku dh og 'kk[kk ftlesa rRoksa o muds ;kSfxdksa dk v/;;u fd;k tkrk gS ¼5]4½

3- ,slh Bksl oLrq ftlds 6 oxkZdkj Qyd gksrs gSa ¼2½

4- 'kjhj esa rarq #ih uyh tks is'kh dks fdlh dM+s LFkku ls tksM+rh gS ¼2½

5- flxjsV esa ik, tkuk okyk ,d fo'kSyk inkFkZ ¼4½

8- Å/okZ/kj vk/kkj ij p<+us okyk ikS/kk ¼2½

9- ehfVªd iz.kkyh esa og milxZ tks ^nl xquk* n'kkZrk gS ¼2½

10- ftysfVu o Qyksa ls cuk inkFkZ ftls vDlj vkblØhe ds Åij Mkyk tkrk gS ¼2½

11- lw;Z ¼2½

13- lcls gYdk Bksl rRo ¼4½

16- ehVj ds lkSaos Hkkx dk lw{e uke ¼1]1½

17- U;wVu dk ledkyhu ftUgksaus izR;kLFkrk dk fu;e izfrikfnr fd;k¼2½

19- lkSj eaMy dk lcls BaMk xzg tks vc y?kqxzg jg x;k gS ¼2½

1 2 3 4

5

6

8 97

10 11 12 13

14

15

16 17 1918

20

oxZ igsyh & 5

D;k vkSj fdruk\

gekjs 'kjhj esa1- Iyktek2- 7-4

3- 12&17 %4- 5 fyVj5- *vks* xqzi6- 25 vk;ru vkDlhtlu7- ,d feuV

08- 98-69- ;d`r 10- 20 QhV11- 12 ?kaVs12- ,usey ¼nk¡r dk vkoj.k½13- 20 % ] -04 % dkcZu MkbZ vkDlkbZM]

79 % ukbVªkstu14- 16 % vkfDltu] 4 % dkcZu MkbZ

vkDlkbZM] 80 % ukbVªkstu15- 5]000]000 izfr ?ku fe-eh-

1316- 30 fVªfy;u ¼3X10 ½17- 10]000]000 cksj eSjks esa izfr lsfdUM18- 10]000]000 izfr lsfdUM] ;d`r rFkk

Iyhgk esa 19- 7]000 & 10]000 izfr ?ku fe-eh-20- 500%1 21- 2]50-000 izfr ?ku fe- eh-22- 60&80 Lianu izfr feuV

3 23- 60 ?ku lseh-24- 150 ikšV ds euq"; dks 792 fQV šph

bekjr ls Hkh nqxquh Å¡pkbZ rd mBkus ds cjkcj ¼U;w;kdZ dh oky;FkZ uked bekjr dh Å¡pkbZ yxHkx 792 fQV gSA½

25- 2-5 fyVj26- 120@8027- ,d feuV esa 18 ckj28- 1]350 xzke29- 206 ukekafdr gfM~M;k¡30- 60031- 20 oxZ QhV32- 45 ehy33- 1434- 33 ¼ftlesa 5 dwYgs ds Hkkx esa] 4 iw¡N ds

Hkkx esa la;qDr jgrh gS] vr% dwYgs dh ,d rFkk iw¡N dh ,d ekudj dqy la[;k 26 jgrh gS( 7&xnZu] 12 o{k] 5 &dfV izns'k] 1&lsdjy] 1&iwaN ½

35- vxzckgq & 60 ¼Åijh ckag&2] fupyh ckag&4] dykbZ & 16( gkFk & 10( vaxqfy;ka & 28½( i'p ikn & 60 ¼ta?kk & 2( ds uhps okyk Hkkx & 4] V[kuk ,oa ,M+h & 14( v¡xqfy;k¡ & 28( ?kqVuk & 2½

36- yky jDr df.kdk,a & 125 fnu( 'osr jDr df.kdk,a&1 ;k 2 fnu( IysVysV~l & 4 fnu

mRrj

Le`fr xqIrk] egUr bUnzs'k fpfdRlky;] nsgjknwu

fot; [k.Mqjh

48

pw¡fd ckSf)d lEink ^ekuo cqf) dk ,d mRikn gS* ;g dsoy fof/kor Lokeh }kjk ;k fof/kor Lokeh dh vuqefr ls gh bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA

TECHNOPRENEUR OUTREACH CENTRE

(TePP)oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku foHkkx ¼Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0½] Hkkjr

ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh }kjk ifj'kn dks Technopreneur Outreach Centre

(TUC) Lohd`r fd;k x;k gSSA mDr lsUVj gsrq ifj'kn jkT; ds

vketu&ekul rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ¼fo"ks'kdj ch0Vsd0 ,oa ,e0Vsd0

fMtVsZa"ku½ ls uohu rduhdksa ,oa vkfo'dkjksa dks O;olkf;d izksRlkgu nsus

gsrq izLrko vkeaf=r djrh gSA mDr dsUæ ds pkj oxZ 1½ Micro

Technopreneurship Support 2½ TePP Project Fund 3½ Seamless

Scale-up Support for TePP ,oa 4½ Supplementary TePP Fund ds

vUrxZr fu/kkZfjr izk:Ik ij izLrko vkeaf=r fd;s tkrs gSaA izLrko cukus

lEcU/kh tkudkjh Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0] ubZ fnYyh dh osolkbZV

http://www.dsir.gov.in ,oa ifj'kn dh osclkbZV http://ucost.in ij

miyC/k gSA

lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ea=ky; }kjk Lohd`r ¼lgk;rk izkIr½] izns'k ds izFke ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh LFkkiuk] mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj'kn (UCOST) mŸkjk[k.M] nsgjknwu esa dh tk pqdh gSA vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 (IPFC) lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ds vUrxZr isVsUV Qkbfyax] VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku] baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEcfU/k dk;Z djsxkA lkFk gh ;g dsUnz isVsUV] VªsMekdZ] dkWihjkbV RkFkk baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEkcfU/k lq>ko yksxksa dks nsxk ,oa buls lecfU/kr dkuwuh lykg Hkh bl ifj;kstuk dk eq[; y{; gSA bl dsUnz ds eq[; mn~ns'; ,oa lsoka, fuEuor~ gS&

1- ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj (IPR) fo'k;d tkx:drk ,oa izksRlgu gsrq dk;kZ'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu djukA

2- MSMEs {ks= ds fy, IPR dh t:jr dk vkdyu dj mlds vuq:i lsok,a miyC/k djokukA

3- isVsUV Qkbfyax o vkuykbZu lpZ dh lqfo/kk iznku djukA

4- isVsUV] dkWihjkbZV] fMtkbZu ,oa VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku gsrq izksRlkfgr djukA

5- lw{e y?kq ,oa e/;e m|ksxksa dks isVsUV lecU/kh lykg nsuk RkFkk isVsUV Vwy dh tkudkjh iznku djukA

6- MSMEs {ks= esa ,d usVodZ LFkkfir djuk ftlls ckSf)d lEink dk lnqi;ksx fd;k tk ldsaA

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FACILITATION CENTRE (IPFC)

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 2 vDVwcj&fnlEcj 2011

ladsrcka;s ls nka;s

2- og jklk;fud fØ;k ftlesa dksbZ ;kSfxd fofHké izHkkoksa ds varxZr ljyrj ;kSfxdksa esa] ftuls og cuk gS] foHkkftr gks tk, ¼5½

5- ,d vkdk'kh; fiaM tks ns[kus esa ?kqa?kys /kCcs dh rjg gksrk gS ¼4½

6- og milxZ tks ,d [kcoka fgLlk &12

¼10 ½ n'kkZrk gS ¼2½

7- tLrs rFkk rkacs ds bysDVªksM okys izkFkfed lsy ds vkfo"dkjd ¼4½

10- Vhds ds vkfo"dkjd dk uke ¼3½

12- uhps&Åij fy[kh oLrqvksa dk Øe ¼3½

14- fdlh lzksr ls fdj.kksa vFkok d.kksa dk mRltZu ¼4½

15- risfnd jksx ¼2½

18- ÝsMfjd owyj }kjk [kkstk x;k og rRo ftldh ijek.kq la[;k 39 gS ¼4½

20- ,d gtkj fdyksxzke ¼3]2½

Åij ls uhps

1- 'kjhj dk og vax tks yky jDr df.kdkvksa ds fuekZ.k o fouk'k ds fy, ftEesnkj gS ¼2½

2- jlk;u foKku dh og 'kk[kk ftlesa rRoksa o muds ;kSfxdksa dk v/;;u fd;k tkrk gS ¼5]4½

3- ,slh Bksl oLrq ftlds 6 oxkZdkj Qyd gksrs gSa ¼2½

4- 'kjhj esa rarq #ih uyh tks is'kh dks fdlh dM+s LFkku ls tksM+rh gS ¼2½

5- flxjsV esa ik, tkuk okyk ,d fo'kSyk inkFkZ ¼4½

8- Å/okZ/kj vk/kkj ij p<+us okyk ikS/kk ¼2½

9- ehfVªd iz.kkyh esa og milxZ tks ^nl xquk* n'kkZrk gS ¼2½

10- ftysfVu o Qyksa ls cuk inkFkZ ftls vDlj vkblØhe ds Åij Mkyk tkrk gS ¼2½

11- lw;Z ¼2½

13- lcls gYdk Bksl rRo ¼4½

16- ehVj ds lkSaos Hkkx dk lw{e uke ¼1]1½

17- U;wVu dk ledkyhu ftUgksaus izR;kLFkrk dk fu;e izfrikfnr fd;k¼2½

19- lkSj eaMy dk lcls BaMk xzg tks vc y?kqxzg jg x;k gS ¼2½

1 2 3 4

5

6

8 97

10 11 12 13

14

15

16 17 1918

20

oxZ igsyh & 5

D;k vkSj fdruk\

gekjs 'kjhj esa1- Iyktek2- 7-4

3- 12&17 %4- 5 fyVj5- *vks* xqzi6- 25 vk;ru vkDlhtlu7- ,d feuV

08- 98-69- ;d`r 10- 20 QhV11- 12 ?kaVs12- ,usey ¼nk¡r dk vkoj.k½13- 20 % ] -04 % dkcZu MkbZ vkDlkbZM]

79 % ukbVªkstu14- 16 % vkfDltu] 4 % dkcZu MkbZ

vkDlkbZM] 80 % ukbVªkstu15- 5]000]000 izfr ?ku fe-eh-

1316- 30 fVªfy;u ¼3X10 ½17- 10]000]000 cksj eSjks esa izfr lsfdUM18- 10]000]000 izfr lsfdUM] ;d`r rFkk

Iyhgk esa 19- 7]000 & 10]000 izfr ?ku fe-eh-20- 500%1 21- 2]50-000 izfr ?ku fe- eh-22- 60&80 Lianu izfr feuV

3 23- 60 ?ku lseh-24- 150 ikšV ds euq"; dks 792 fQV šph

bekjr ls Hkh nqxquh Å¡pkbZ rd mBkus ds cjkcj ¼U;w;kdZ dh oky;FkZ uked bekjr dh Å¡pkbZ yxHkx 792 fQV gSA½

25- 2-5 fyVj26- 120@8027- ,d feuV esa 18 ckj28- 1]350 xzke29- 206 ukekafdr gfM~M;k¡30- 60031- 20 oxZ QhV32- 45 ehy33- 1434- 33 ¼ftlesa 5 dwYgs ds Hkkx esa] 4 iw¡N ds

Hkkx esa la;qDr jgrh gS] vr% dwYgs dh ,d rFkk iw¡N dh ,d ekudj dqy la[;k 26 jgrh gS( 7&xnZu] 12 o{k] 5 &dfV izns'k] 1&lsdjy] 1&iwaN ½

35- vxzckgq & 60 ¼Åijh ckag&2] fupyh ckag&4] dykbZ & 16( gkFk & 10( vaxqfy;ka & 28½( i'p ikn & 60 ¼ta?kk & 2( ds uhps okyk Hkkx & 4] V[kuk ,oa ,M+h & 14( v¡xqfy;k¡ & 28( ?kqVuk & 2½

36- yky jDr df.kdk,a & 125 fnu( 'osr jDr df.kdk,a&1 ;k 2 fnu( IysVysV~l & 4 fnu

mRrj

Le`fr xqIrk] egUr bUnzs'k fpfdRlky;] nsgjknwu

fot; [k.Mqjh

PATENTINFORMATION CENTRE(PIC)

orZeku esa ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj dks lqjf{kr djuk fo'o LRkj ij ,d egRoiw.kZ fo'k; cu x;k gSA izns'k esa fofHkUu izdkj ds ijEijkxr Kku ds lkFk&lkFk xSj ijEijkxr Kku miyC/k gSA bl rkjrE; esa foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh ds foRrh; ,oa rduhdh lg;ksx }kjk izns'k ds fofHkUu vuqla/kkudrkZvksa@ vkS|ksfxd {ks=ksa @ vuqla/kku o fodkl laLFkkuksa @ fo'ofo|ky;ksa ,oa vU; dh lqfo/kk ds fy, mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;wdkWLV½ esa isVsUV lwpuk dsUnz dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA bl dsUnz esa vuqla/kku ls gksus okyh fodflr izkS|ksfxdh dks isVsUV djk;k tk ldrk gSA

@@TMTM®®SMSM

@@TMTM©© SMSM

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�ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkjksa dk izpkj izlkj ,oa fo'ofo|ky;ksa] 'kks/k laLFkkuksa] m|ksxksa ,oa 'kkldh; foHkkxksa dks ek¡ax ds vk/kkj ij isVsUV lpZ dh lqfo/kk miyC/k djokukA

�isVsUV lwpukvksa dk ijh{k.k rFkk vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl ls tqM+h laLFkkvksa dks u;h ;kstukvksa ds fu/kkZj.k eas lgk;rk nsukA

�vUos"kdksa dks muds dk;Z dk isVsUV fnyokusa gsrq ekxZn'kZu djukA

�izns'k eas miyC/k ckSf)d lEink dh lqj{kk ds mik; djukA

dsUnz ds eq[; mn~ns';