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IELTS Writing Task 2 Intensive Notes

Content

⚫ Distribution of Common Topics, Question Types

and Past Exam Questions ◼ Common Topics ◼ Question Types ◼ Past Exam Questions

⚫ How to Improve Coherence ◼ Standard Structure of Every Paragraph ◼ How to Expand Ideas (RICE)

⚫ Question Type: Agree or Disagree ◼ Introduction Template ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Question Type: Discuss Two Views ◼ General Reminders ◼ Introduction Template ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Question Type: Advantages and Disadvantages ◼ General Reminders ◼ Introduction Template ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Question Type: Problems/ Causes and Solutions ◼ General Reminders

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◼ Introduction Template ◼ How To Write About Problems ◼ How To Write About Solutions ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Education ◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Environment ◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Technology, News and Media ◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Government Spending ◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Tourism/ Travel ◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Crime

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◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Advertising ◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

⚫ Common Topic: Health ◼ Past Paper Questions ◼ Versatile Points and Template Sentences ◼ Sample Essays

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IELTS Writing Task 2

How to Improve Coherence

Standard Structure of Every Paragraph

1. T____________________

2. S____________________

3. S____________________

T____________________

First paragraph

Of all the reasons why SVO,

The reasons to which my viewpoint can be ascribed are manifold.

+

None are as significant as the fact that + SVO.

One very strong argument for this issue is that + SVO.

Among all the reasons for this matter, the foremost reason is that +

SVO.

Additional paragraphs

為保障完整版學⽣生，部分內容受到遮蓋

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________________________________________ + SVO.

What comes next should be that + SVO.

________________________________________ + SVO.

________________________________________ + SVO.

It cannot be too often restated that + SVO.

It is of paramount importance that we understand that + SVO.

It is equally important to take a glance at the fact that + SVO.

________________________________________________________

____________________________________________+ SVO.


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S____________________

How to expand the ideas: ____________________

R____________________

I____________________

C____________________

E____________________

R____________________

⚫ In a sense that/ given that/ on the grounds that SVO, SVO.

⚫ Owing to/ thanks to/ due to [Noun/ noun phrase], SVO.

⚫ The rationale behind is that SVO.

⚫ [result] stems from [cause].

⚫ [result] can be ascribed to [cause].

⚫ [sb] contributes the [effect] to [cause].

⚫ [noun phrase] is so [adj] that [SVO].

⚫ It is not that difficult to understand the reason why SVO.

I____________________

[NP (cause)] [contributes to/ bring about/ lead to/ trigger/ give rise

to/ cause] [NP (effect)].

⚫ In this way/ In this manner, ......

⚫ With this in mind, ......

⚫ Under this line of thinking, ......



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⚫ This in turn......

⚫ SVO, as a consequence, SVO.

⚫ Accordingly/ Consequently/ Hence/ Therefore/ As a result/ For

this very reason, ......

C____________________

⚫ On the contrary

⚫ In sharp contrast with

⚫ In contradistinction to

⚫ Conversely,

⚫ Without XXX, SVO. However, with XXX, SVO.

C____________________

⚫ In the past, ...... As of now/ In this day and age, ......

⚫ Gone are the days when SVO. Nowadays, ......

⚫ Unlike XXX in the past, SVO.

C____________________

⚫ At first glance, XXX. On closer examination, XXX.

⚫ On the face of it, XXX. Indeed, XXX.

⚫ However/ Nonetheless/ Nevertheless/ Yet/ Still

⚫ Despite/ In spite of/ Irrespective of/ Regardless of

⚫ By the same token/ likewise/ similarly


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⚫ Meanwhile/ At the meantime

E____________________

SVO, ranging from A, B and C to D.

A flawless/ striking illustration of the point is that SVO.

XXX is a case in point

XXX is a classic/ evident/ vivid/ striking/ phenomenal/ forceful

example

An illustration of the point is that SVO.

We can refer to a survey conducted by XXX. It reflects/ shows/

indicates/ demonstrates that SVO.

Elaboration lengthening

⚫ What I mean is that…

⚫ In other words…

⚫ This is to say that…

⚫ That is no doubt that/ it is without a doubt that/ No one can deny

the fact that/ it is irrefutable that/ it is beyond dispute that…

⚫ It is universally acknowledged that…


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IELTS Writing Task 2 Question Types

Agree or Disagree

Introduction Templates

If you completely agree or completely disagree (recommended)

1. Paraphrase the background provided by the question

⚫ The phenomenon of/ that XXX

_____________________________________________________

_______________________________________________.

⚫ The issue of whether XXX ________________________________

_____________________________________________________

_______________________.

⚫ XXX has come under ______________/ hit the_____________.

⚫ The rising tide of XXX is sweeping across the country/ the city.

2. Your thesis

⚫ _____________________________________________________

⚫ _____________________________________________________

+

⚫ I totally agree/ disagree with the idea that XXX.

⚫ I am prone to support the idea that XXX.

⚫ I hold the view that XXX.

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⚫ There is no shortage of reasons for my stance.

3. Outline (Optional; write it at last)

Blood sports have become a hot topic for debate in recent years. As

society develops it is increasingly seen as an uncivilized activity and

cruel to the helpless animals that are killed. Blood sports should be

banned. To what extent to you agree or disagree?

Example template:

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

If you partly agree (Not recommended for weaker candidates):


⚫ The phenomenon of/ that XXX

_____________________________________________________

_______________________________________________.

⚫ The issue of whether XXX ________________________________

_____________________________________________________

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_______________________.

⚫ XXX has come under ______________/ hit the_____________.


2. Your thesis

⚫ Although I accept that XXX, I disagree with the idea that YYY.

⚫ On the one hand, _______________... / On the other

hand, ______________________________...

⚫ _____________________________________________.

3. Outline (Optional; write it at last)

Example question:

Early technological developments helped ordinary people and

changed their lives more than recent developments. To what extent

do you agree or disagree?

Example Template:

People have various views about whether or not governments

should help senior citizens. Although I accept that we all have a

responsibility to save money for retirement, I disagree with the idea

that elderly people should receive no support from the state.

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Sample Essays

Nowadays, a large amount of advertising is aimed at children. Some

people think this can have negative effects on children and should

be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________.

I completely agree that a large amount of advertising can have

negative effects on children and should be banned.

____________________________ advertisements aimed at children

should be banned, _________________________________________

_________________________ advertisements may likely promote

consumer culture to children since a young age. We are now living in

a consumer culture, where we are encouraged to keep abreast of the

latest trend. ___________________ gain peer recognition and to

fulfill their sense of vanity, children will likely persuade their parents

to buy whatever they see on advertisements.

____________________, when they see children in a television

advertisement are entertaining themselves with the newest models

of electronic gadget, they would also like to get one so that they can

show it off to their peers – even when they already own a lot of

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other gadgets. It may instill the concept into children that they

should blinding follow the trend and when they grow up, consuming

too many goods may ______________ financial problems.

Apart from promoting consumer culture among children,

________________________________________________________

that advertisements targeted at children may communicate

inappropriate messages or values to them. ____ children are still at a

tender age and are at a developmental stage, they are susceptible to

advertisements. ______________, when they see junk food being

advertised as good-looking scrumptious food, they may ignore the

nutritional value and persuade their parents to buy them junk food.

Also, ______________ persuade people to buy a product,

advertisements often create unrealistic expectations with

exaggerated effects, manipulating children at the end of the day. The

gap between the ideal self and the real self may widen

______________ messages and values conveyed by advertisements,

____________________________ low self esteem of some children.

As children are still at a developmental stage and are susceptible to

values conveyed to them and advertisements are likely to convey

inappropriate messages and values, a large amount of advertising

can have negative effects on children and should be banned.

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IELTS Writing Task 2

Problem/Causes and Solution

General Structure

1. Introduction

2. Problems (2-3 small problems in the same paragraph)

3. Solutions (2-3)

4. Conclusion

* Why not use one-problem-followed-by-one-solution approach?

Introduction


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⚫ The phenomenon of/ that XXX has aroused wide concern among

various circles.

⚫ The issue of whether XXX has stirred up much

controversy/remains to be controversial/ disputable/ debatable.

⚫ XXX has come under spotlight/ hit the headlines.


2. Mention about the problem and state that it can be lessened by

some stakeholders

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3. At the beginning of paragraph 3, remember to add a sentence to

link up the problems and the solutions.

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How to write about problems?

Types of Problems

* HERSIS

- H__________ (awareness, values, attitude, opposition, cultures)

- E_________ (timing, feasibility)

- R__________ (human, money, technology)

- S__________ (wrong tactics)

- I__________ (financial, intrinsic motivation)

- S__________ (monitoring, guidelines, regulations)

You only need 2-3 problems as remember you do not have much

time and you need to explain the problems. Each problem should

include:

1. The problem

2. Elaboration (RICE)

3. Effects (Impact in RICE is a must)

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How to write about solutions?

a) Stakeholder approach

When you come to brainstorm your solutions, think of the

stakeholders. It is usually governments and individuals in some way

or another.

Common stakeholders & corresponding solutions:

⚫ General public

⚫ Government

⚫ NGOs/ Global organizations

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⚫ Business sector

b) Respond to the problems

* HERSIS

- H__________ : increase training, consultation, increase awareness

- E_________: increase penalty, tighten the law, increase inspection

- R__________: increase subsidy, improve technology, sponsorship

- S__________: learn from foreign countries, focus more on

precautionary tasks

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- I__________: tax and subsidy

- S__________: new guidelines, amend laws and

c) Steps of writing a suggestion

Steps 1+2+3 (SAD): Stakeholder + Actual Suggestion + Details (How)

e.g. [_______________] The government should [_______________]

provide more social welfare to the rural residents,

[_______________] such as reducing their tax payment and

providing them with medical service subsidy. They should set an

income line, say for example if the household income is less than 500

RMB per month, they will be granted with a sum of extra subsidy and

income tax will be waived. Education subsidies may also be provided

to children living in rural areas, such as exempting their school fees

and subsidizing them to purchase text books, so that they may have a

higher chance to climb up the social ladder in the future.

Step 4: Effectiveness of the solution

- how can the suggestion CHANGE the current situation?

- Keyword: By this means, as a result, in this way

- Aspects:

- L_______________/ _______________

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- T______________________________

- A_______________/ P_______________

- C_______________

- S_______________

e.g. _______________, the net income after subsidy of rural

residents will increase and they will feel that the government does

not turn a blind eye to their problems, but instead attempts to help

them. The income gap between the rural areas and the urban areas

will be narrowed, alleviating the problem of social dissension and

polarization.

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Writing Task 2 Topics

Technology, News and Media

Sample Questions

- Today many children spend a lot of time playing computer games

and little time on sports. Why is it? Is it a positive or negative

development?

- Some people say watching television is bad for children in all ways.

Others say it is good for children to gain knowledge. Discuss both

views and give your opinion.

- Some people think reading stories in book is better than watching

television or playing computer games for children. To what extent do

you agree or disagree?

- Some people say that communication by using computers and

phones will have negative effects on young people’s writing and

reading skills. Do you agree or disagree?

- The news media have become more influential in people’s lives.

Some people think it is a negative development. To what extent do

you agree or disagree?

- With the development of technology, children are now living in a

world that is completely different to what it was 50 years ago. What

problems does this cause for society and the family?




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- When a country develops its technology, the traditional skills and

ways of life die out. It is pointless to try and keep them alive. To what

extent do you agree or disagree?

- We live today in an electronic information age. It is easier to be

connected by technology yet many people seem no closer to feeling

happy in their lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

- Some people think that news has no connection to people’s lives, so

it is a waste of time to read the news in the newspaper and watch

television news programmes. To what extent do you agree or

disagree?

- Advances in science and technology and other areas of society in

the last 100 years have transformed the way we live as well as

postponing the day we die. There is no better time to be alive than

now. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

- Some people say that the Internet is making the world smaller by

bringing people together. To what extent do you agree that the

Internet is making it easier for people to communicate with one

another?

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Positive side of the Internet

Efficient way of finding information

- The Internet has become an expedient way for people to find

information instantly.

- An illustration is that Wikipedia is an online, open-source

encyclopedia that lets people browse for factual knowledge, and

SCMP.com is a website which lets people catch up on the latest

news.

- People are able to quickly find accurate information and news

without having to look through books and newspapers.

- The Internet has allowed us to get instant access to information on

almost any subject.

The Internet has made our lives more convenient

- Online shopping has become more and more prevalent – people

can complete the whole shopping process from selecting items to

paying by Paypal or credit cards within minutes. People can get their

needs and desires fulfilled without stepping out of the door.

- Shops and other services are now available online, which has

enable people to buy goods and services from the comfort of their

homes.



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- People can receive and send emails, browse websites, download

games and videos, book flight ticket and complete bank transactions

– as long as they are connected to the Internet.

Facilitate communication across boundaries

- The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, allowing

us to stay in touch with family, friends and colleagues wherever and

whenever we are, eliminating geographical boundaries.

- As people no longer need to travel to maintain contact with friends

and relatives living in other parts of the world, they can save money

and time.

- The Internet has become a powerful and convenient tool for

multinational companies because branches in different parts of the

world can interact and cooperate with each other effectively with

the help of the Internet. For example, videoconference has become

more prevalent for business meetings, facilitating business decisions

and improving efficiency.

Negative side of the Internet

Dangerous Sites

- Children and teenagers are still at their developmental stages so

they have impressionable mind which can easily be affected by

inappropriate values conveyed by information on the Internet.





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- Children may surf on websites which contain violent or sexual

images. People at a tender age may not be capable of differentiating

right from wrong and are susceptible to inappropriate sex or violent

concepts.

- There is no doubt that distorted values on adult websites will affect

their thoughts and development, which is a detrimental impact for

the children and for society.

- Compared with traditional media like television, it is more difficult

for parents to control what their children see online.

Children/ Teenagers may easily get addicted to the Internet

- Children/ Teenagers tend to surf on the Internet all day long and

are reluctant to get involved in other social or sports activities. For

example, children rather glue their eyes to the computer screen than

to participate in outdoor sports – obesity and cardiovascular diseases

among children are not uncommon due to the lack of exercise.

- People’s social life will also be reduced when they spend too much

time surfing on the Internet because they are involved in less

face-to-face direct communication with other people.

- People can enjoy excitement when they are indulged in the virtual

world. They are allowed to get their pulse racing and their adrenaline

pumping even when they are just sitting in front of the computer.

For example, players are often required to complete some tasks




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within a certain time limit, where the excitement level is amplified by

sense of urgency.

- Online games can give people a sense of accomplishment and they

become easily addicted to them. A lot of computer games are

equipped with the “level up” element, where they usually start off

easy but then the difficulty gradually increase and players can earn

“rewards”, like unlocking special elements and acquiring new skills,

when they reach a certain level.

- Gaming can be highly addictive because users are constantly given

scores, new targets and frequent rewards to keep them playing.

Many children now spend hours each day trying to progress through

the levels of a game or to get a higher score than their friends. This

type of addiction can in turn bring about detrimental impacts ranging

from lack of sleep to problems at school, when homework is

sacrificed for a few more hours on the computer or console.

Privacy and Crime issues

- Electronic messages sent over the Internet can easily be tracked

and a lot of websites require people to fill in personal information

such as email or even phone number before they can register as a

member to enjoy privileged functions.

- The collected information may fall into the hands of unscrupulous

people and privacy will be significantly infringed.




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Writing Task 2 Topic

Government Spending

Sample Questions

- When new towns are planed, it is important to build more public

parks or sports facilities than shopping centers for people top spend

their free time. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

- The government should spend money in promoting sport and art in

school, rather than sponsoring professional sports and art events in

communities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

- Some people think people working in creative arts should be

financially supported by the government. Others think they should

find financial support from other sources. Discuss both sides and give

your opinion.

- Some people think that the government should give money to

creative people, such as artists and musicians. To what extent do you

agree?

- The government should lower the budget on the arts in order to

allocate more money to education. To what extent do you agree?

- Some people believe that the government should support funding

for the arts, while some others suggest that the money should be

used for public health and education. Discuss both views and give

your opinion.



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- Some people think governments should focus on reducing

environmental pollution and housing problems to help people

prevent illness and disease. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

- Some people think that governments should give financial support

to creative artists such as painters and musicians. Others believe that

creative artists should be funded by alternative sources. Discuss both

views and give your own opinion.

- Several languages are in danger of extinction because they are

spoken by very small numbers of people. Some people say that

governments should spend public money on saving these languages,

while others believe that would be a waste of money. Discuss both

these views and give your opinion.

- A government has a responsibility to its citizens to ensure their

safety. Therefore, some people think that the government should

increase spending on defense but spend less on social benefits. To

what extent do you agree?

Reasons why the government should spend money on

practical things (e.g. education/ public health)

- The government’s funds come from taxpayers so the government

should exert itself to improve the quality of living of citizens. Public

funds should be made use of effectively and wisely so that people’s


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hard-earned money will not go down the drains.

- The interest of the majority should take precedence over the

minority when it comes to major public policies. This is not to say

that we should turn a blind eye to the minority, but since the

government is using taxpayers’ hard-earned money, most public

policies should be beneficial to society at large, rather than to cater

to the needs of a small group of people.

- One of the most important roles of the government is to boost

social productivity in the long term, so that our society will be more

sustainable and prosperous in the future.

- An example of spending money practically is to improve education,

such as extending the number of years of free compulsory education

and increasing the number of quotas of higher education. As

education passes on knowledge and skills to people, they will

become more productive at work and are more likely to be inspired

of innovative ideas through the process of learning.

- An example of spending money practically is to improve the public

health system, like increasing medical resources and training more

talents in the medical field.

- Public services are vital for a country to function properly, whereas

the work of creative artists, even in public places, is a luxury.

According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, physiological and safety

needs always take precedence over elements of higher hierarchy, like




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the sense of belonging. If basic needs like healthcare services and

national security cannot be fulfilled, it is pointless to sponsor artists

even if their artworks can help increase the sense of belonging of

citizens.

Reasons why the government should spend money on the creative

industry/ other new industries/ music/ art/ language/ cultures

- Music and Art represent culture, heritage and history, which in turn

serve to educate people about the city, and act as landmarks or

talking points for visitors and tourists.

- The cultural implication behind music and art can increase the

cohesion among citizens and thus enhance their sense of belonging

to the country. Without them, our cities would be much less

captivating and attractive.

- In metropolitan cities like Hong Kong, the government attaches

inordinate importance to a single industry – Finance. However, with

the fluctuating economic situation in recent years, as indicated by

disastrous global financial crisis like the financial tsunami in 2008, the

European bank crisis in 2014 and Brexit in 2016. It in facts puts the

city at risk when it solely relies on one industry only so the

government should subsidize people to develop new industries.

- A language is much more than simply a means of communication -

it has an indispensable connection with the cultural identity of the




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Sample Essays (Government Spending)

Several languages are in danger of extinction because they are

spoken by very small numbers of people. Some people say that

governments should spend public money on saving these languages,

while others believe that would be a waste of money. Discuss both

these views and give your opinion.

It is undeniably true that some minority languages may disappear in

the near future. Although some people suggested that preserving

these languages is merely a waste of money, I believe that there are

strong and significant reasons why the government should strive to

protect them.

There are justifiable reasons why some people opined that the

government should not spend money on preserving minority

languages. Probably the most significant reason is that if a language

is only spoken by a small number of people, expensive education

programs will be needed to make sure that more people learn it. The

government will in turn have to pay for facilities and teachers at a

high cost, which might be better spent on other public services,

ranging from healthcare and transportation to infrastructure projects.

Since the government is using taxpayers’ hard-earned money, most


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public policies should be beneficial to society at large, instead of

catering to the needs of a small group of people. An example of

spending money practically is to improve the public health system,

like increasing medical resources and training more talents in the

medical field. The government, rather than to spend money on

preserving some less spoken language, should spend money on

something more practical.

Despite the above arguments, I believe that governments should

make an endeavor to preserve languages that are less widely spoken.

A language is much more than simply a means of communication - it

has an indispensable connection with the cultural identity of the

people who speak it, which in turn enhances the sense of belonging

as well as cohesion among citizens. If a language disappears, we will

in turn lose the rich cultural diversity that makes societies more

attractive and fascinating. Governments can also preserve traditions,

customs and behaviors that are part of a country’s history saving

minority languages as language represents the root of a country’s

culture.

Under this line of thinking, although the cost of preserving minority

languages is undeniably high and may be deemed useless by some



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Writing Task 2 Topic

Crime

Sample Questions

- A recent newspaper article reported that a 12-year-old boy who

seriously destroyed his school got a punishment to clean streets

instead of being sent to the prison. Do you agree that young

criminals should be sent to the jail?

- Many people are afraid to leave their homes because of their fear

of crime. Some people believe that more actions should be taken to

prevent crime, but others feel that little can be done. Discuss both

views and give your own opinion.

- Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later.

Some people think that they are the best people to talk to school

students the danger of committing a crime. Do you agree or

disagree?

- Many people do not feel safe either at home or they are out. What

are the causes, and what can be done to make people feel safer?

- In some countries, a high proportion of criminal acts are committed

by teenagers. Why has this happened? What can be done to deal

with this?

- Today, prison is the most common solution for crime. But some

people think that it would be more effective to provide people with




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better education to prevent them from being criminals. To what

extent do you agree or disagree?

- Some people believe that if a police force carries guns, it would

cause a high level of violence in that society. To what extent do you

agree or disagree?

- Films and computer games containing violence are popular. Some

people say they have negative effects on society and should be

banned. Others say it is just a harmless way of relaxing. Discuss both

sides and give your opinion.

- Many people prefer not to leave their homes because of their fear

of crime. Some people believe that more action should be taken to

prevent crime, but others feel little can be done. What is your

opinion?

Crime Prevention

- Safety is of paramount importance to public and the government

should make every endeavor to prevent crimes, or else it will put us

in jeopardy, bringing about a myriad of detrimental impacts to

society, like the general public may lose confidence in the

government and foreign investors may reduce investments.

- Prevention takes precedence over punishment because the effects

of committed crimes are usually irreversible – if the victim is

murdered, even when the offender is sent to prison, the victim will



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still not resurrect.

- The number of police officers should be increased and they should

receive better training, as they bear the responsibilities to arrest

criminals and protect the general public from harm.

- The government should assign social workers to schools so that

students who encounter psychological problems will less likely resort

to committing crimes. The school should also instill the concept that

committing crimes can never solve problems to students through

proactive education and teachers should pay particular attention to

students with complicated family background, emotional problems

and students who are on the binge of dropping out of school.

Positive side of sending people to prisons

- Some people who have committed crimes may continue to harm

other people if they are not sent to prison, so isolating them from

the public is to ensure safety.

- Imprisonment means the loss of freedom, which serves as a form of

punishments and convey the message to the public that people who

commit crimes will have to bear responsibilities.

- Prisoners will undergo rehabilitation, where they will receive

education of specific practical skills and vocational training,

equipping them with essential life skills so that they can reintegrate

into society more easily when they are released. It also reduces the




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opportunity for them to commit crimes again in the future as

rehabilitation can likely make them become better citizens.

Negative side of sending people to prisons

- People who have committed serious crimes, such as murder,

manslaughter and assault, are usually sent to prisons, in an attempt

to punish them and to ensure the safety of other citizens.

- However, solely sending people to prisons is insufficient because

some criminals may not realize that committing crimes and posing

harm to other people are inappropriate so they may commit crimes

again when they are released.

- Since prisoners have a criminal record, it will be insurmountably

difficult for them to find a job like ordinary people. This implies that

they may not be able to support themselves financially and some of

them may resort to committing crime again.

Alternative to prison: community service

- People who have committed less serious crimes may be required to

do community service, like cleaning the streets, instead of being sent

to prison. This avoids the chance of prison overcrowding and reduces

the social of imprisonment.

- It provides criminals with an opportunity to reform and to



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contribute to society.

Reasons to support Capital Punishment

- Some people may say that sending criminals who have committed

serious offences to prison is insufficient – stricter punishments like

capital punishment should be adopted to demonstrate to the public

that there is zero tolerance to crime and establish a strong deterrent

effect.

- Criminals who have committed serious crime like murder can no

longer pose a threat to the general public, as some criminals may be

serial murderers and may continue to commit serious crimes when

they are released from prison.

- Criminals who are living in prisons are actually using social

resources and taxpayers’ hard-earned money – If they have to face

capital punishment, the cost of imprisonment can be saved and more

resources can be devoted to other indispensable areas like education

and infrastructure.

Reasons against capital punishment

- The primary reason of using capital punishment is to increase the

deterrent effect in order to reduce the number of crimes. However, it

is deplorable that the crime rate will not necessarily decline even if




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