ieee alabama feb 2017.pptsite.ieee.org/alabama/files/2017/02/communications-by... · 2017-02-09 ·...
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Al b IEEE S ti l M ti F b 6 2017 Bi i h AL
“Communications”Ri k P t Si E A t ti
Alabama IEEE Sectional Meeting – February 6, 2017 - Birmingham, AL
Rick Preston, Siemens Energy Automation
Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs
•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)
•What is IEC61850?
•GOOSE Messaging
•Process Bus / Sampled Values
•Simplified Network Topology
•Redundancy Options for Communications
Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)
Page 2 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs
•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)
•What is IEC61850?
•GOOSE Messaging
•Process Bus / Sampled Values
•Simplified Network Topology
•Redundancy Options for Communications
Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)
Page 3 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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Communications Protocols
Systemconfiguration Communication
between bay devices
Defines structure for protection and
control
between bay devices(GOOSE)
Standardizedlanguage for
IEC 6150
S
g gdescribingsubstation
Timesynchronization
with SNTP
Standardcommunicationwith TCP - IP
Based onEthernet
Page 4 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
standard
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Communication Types – Serial
Serial Communications using El t i l C d t (T i t d P i )
Serial Communications using Fib O ti C bliElectrical Conductors (Twisted Pair) Fiber Optic Cabling
RS485
Based onEth t
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Ethernet standard
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Communication Types – Ethernet TCP/IP
Ethernet Communications using El t i l C d t (RJ45)
Ethernet Communications using Fib O ti C bliElectrical Conductors (RJ45) Fiber Optic Cabling
Based onEth t
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Ethernet standard
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Substation Automation EvolutionSubstat o uto at o o ut o
Distant Past Recent Past Today and Tomorrow Location
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Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs
•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)
•What is IEC61850?
•GOOSE Messaging
•Process Bus / Sampled Values
•Simplified Network Topology
•Redundancy Options for Communications
Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)
Page 8 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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What Is IEC 61850?
IEC 61850 is a standard for the design of electrical substation automation
Systemconfiguration Communication
between bay devices
Defines structure for protection and
control
between bay devices(GOOSE)
A t ti F ltStandardizedlanguage for
IEC 61850 Automatic Fault record retrieval
(Comtrade format)
S
g gdescribingsubstation
Timesynchronization
with SNTP
Standardcommunicationwith TCP - IP
Based onEthernet
Page 9 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
standard
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Typical Substation Architecture
MMS
GOOSE
Sampled Values
HardwireTypical Substation Architecture
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IEC61850 ProtocolsC6 850 otoco s
• Three IEC61850 Protocols
MMS (M f t i M• MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification)
GOOSE (G i Obj t i t d• GOOSE (Generic Object oriented Substation Event)
SV (S l d V l )• SV (Sampled Values)
Page 11 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
IEC-61850 Communication Stack
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Network Concept IEC 61850Network Concept –IEC 61850
Client Client Client
Unicast(client-server)
(MMS)
vsMulticast
Redundant 100MBit/s Ethernet Net
Multicast
server server server
Multicast(peer to peer)
&(one to many)
server server serverserver server server (one to many)
(GOOSE)(Sampled Values)
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The IEC 61850 Standard in Brief
IEC 61850 provides a framework to describe all automation and protection functions of a
e C 6 850 Sta da d e
all automation and protection functions of a substation or electrical system:
Standardized language categorized with t i i ti b d ff th
Control Center
HMI
extensive naming convention based off the electrical system
Standardized Engineering based on Ethernet LAN
DataConcentrator
vendor-independent function descriptions Use devices from different vendors Re-use engineering in the future
Ethernet-based communications
Interoperability between different vendors
Page 13 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
Non-hardwired inter-device communication providing protection functions & coordination
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IEC61850 Data Structure
Data
Pos A
Ph 1 Ph 2StV q
Logical Node(1 to n)
Data Class
Logical Device(IED1)
LN2(MMXU)
LN1(XCBR)
Logical Device(1 to n)
(1 to n)
Physical Device(network address)Physical Device(network address)
(IED1)Physical Device
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(network address)(network address)
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Benefits of IEC61850e e ts o C6 850
1. Communications architecture for1. Communications architecture for modeling entire power system.2. Defined data structure that eliminates the need for time consuming mapping.the need for time consuming mapping.3. Promotion of high inter-operability between systems from different manufacturers devices.manufacturers devices.4. A common language for describing a power system data model.5 Definition of the complete testing for5. Definition of the complete testing for devices which conforms to the standard.
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Benefits of IEC61850e e ts o C6 850
The implementation of IEC 61850 allows for a i ifi t t d ti i i i dsignificant cost reduction in engineering and
material costs during substation design, testing, construction and commissioning
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Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs
•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)
•What is IEC61850?
•GOOSE Messaging
•Process Bus / Sampled Values
•Simplified Network Topology
•Redundancy Options for Communications
Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)
Page 17 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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IEC61850 – GOOSE MECHANISM
At moment of the status changes, the GOOSE
message is sent
The repetition period is
decreased until
Event is sent cyclically every
Tmax
immediately, this way switching from cyclic to
spontaneous. Then starts to repeat at
minimum time, Tmin.
the Tmax. N spontaneous
repeats t = 2N * Tmin
Repetion Time h T thi
GOOSE message validity and delivery GOOSE Repetition
reaches Tmax, this way switching
from spontaneous to cyclic
• TimeMin=TMin
• TimeMax=Tmax
• Trigger event• Rapid fire mode
GOOSE Status number GOOSE Sequence number
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IEC61850 – GOOSE MECHANISM
Sequence Number: 1State Sequence: 26
Sequence Number: 2State Sequence: 26
GOOSE message validity
State Sequence: 26
Sequence Number: 3State Sequence: 26
Sequence Number: 4State Sequence: 26
GOOSE message validity and delivery GOOSE Repetition
• TimeMin=TMin• TimeMax=Tmax
• Trigger event• Trigger event• Rapid fire mode
GOOSE Status number GOOSE Sequence number
Sequence Number: 1046
Sequence Number: 1047State Sequence: 25 Sequence Number: 0
State Sequence: 26Starts a new
Page 19 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
Sequence Number: 1045State Sequence: 25
State Sequence: 25 sequence when the status change
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IEC 61850 Concepts- GOOSE Using the 802 1Q Frame Layer 2the 802.1Q Frame – Layer 2
CONCEPTS OF THE IEC 61850 SSTANDARD GOOSE Telegram structure
• 4 Tag bytes define the tag control information
• Up to 1500 data bytes are available per message
GOOSE messages must be prioritized• 0-7 (lowest priority)
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IEC 61850 – GOOSE MECHANISM
-Fast:Using layer 2 frames, doesn’t require any
C 6 850 GOOS C S
g y , q yother layer’s confirmation or connection. It is a multicast message without connection or confirmation.
-Ensure delivery of message:Mathematically, by repeating the same message in a short period of time, it will ensure delivery of the message. Besides, the receiving device verifies the message quality and check if the transmitting device is there by usage of TimeAllowToLive.
-Priority:
Page 21 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
By usage of the priority tag (802.1p).
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Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs
•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)
•What is IEC61850?
•GOOSE Messaging
•Process Bus / Sampled Values
•Simplified Network Topology
•Redundancy Options for Communications
Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)
Page 22 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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Process bus Application Introductionocess bus pp cat o t oduct o
Conventional technology
Process bus technology
Cost savings (esp. cabling/ copper wiring, installation, O&M)I t bl d i ( bli lti d l ti li ti f IEC 61850)s Interoperable design (e.g. enabling multi-vendor solutions, application of IEC 61850)
Advanced functionality (e.g. integration of wider range of data sources, independent signal distribution) Enhanced flexibility & scalability (e.g. ease of adding protection devices) Improved operational safety (e.g. handling of CT/VT circuits obsolete)
Key
be
nefit
s
Page 23 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
December 2015 Automation Products
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Pieces of the Process Bus Puzzleeces o t e ocess us u e
Conventional transformers are hugeS dNCIT Save money and space
Common telegram format IEC 61850
NCIT
Synchronizationg
Timed measured valuesSynchronizationIEC 61850Communication
Reliability
Instrument transformersIEC 61869 IEC 61869
Loss of telegrams leads to loss of measurement system
Communication Reliability
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of measurement systemReliability
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Pieces of the Process Bus Puzzleeces o t e ocess us u e
SMV are defined with priority tagging and VLAN (IEEE 802.1 Q) to achieve the QoS
Messages are mapped directly to the Ethernet data link layer
Elimination of TCP/IP layer reduces theElimination of TCP/IP layer reduces the transmission reliability – there is no information of lost messages
SMV can not be repeated as GOOSE messagesSMV can not be repeated as GOOSE messages due to data overflow risk in the network
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Data transmission reliability must be increased by use of network redundancy schemes
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Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs
•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)
•What is IEC61850?
•GOOSE Messaging
•Process Bus / Sampled Values
•Simplified Network Topology
•Redundancy Options for Communications
Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)
Page 26 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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IEC 61850 communication within a substationIEC 61850 communication within a substation
Control CenterControl CenterIEC 608705-104
Substation Controller
DNP3 TCP
3rd party
Station bus MMS – Client / Server (Part 7/8)
GOOSE (Part 7/8)p y
deviceProcess bus
Sampled Values (Part 9)IEC
618
50
CTVT
CircuitBreakerController
Parallel wiring
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Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs
•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)
•What is IEC61850?
•GOOSE Messaging
•Process Bus / Sampled Values
•Simplified Network Topology
•Redundancy Options for Communications
Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)
Page 28 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
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Principals of redundancy mechanisms
Redundancy with recovery time Dual Homing Link Redundancy
c pa s o edu da cy ec a s s
Dual Homing Link RedundancyTwo active links, one is sending,sending link changes if one link is down
RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolRedundancy IEEE 802.1D-2004
Seamless Redundancy Systems: Parallel Redundancy Protocol IEC 62439-3.4
Two active links, both sending, parallel configuration
High availability seamless redundancy IEC 62439-3.5Two active links, both sending, ring configuration
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Principal of Dual Link (Dual homing) Redundancy
Substation Controller 2 external Switches – directly connected
c pa o ua ( ua o g) edu da cy
dual link
connected Devices connected in star
structure to switches Devices with two Ethernet Devices with two Ethernet
ports Port 1 is sending
P t 2 i t db
.
Port 2 is standby Established since 2004.
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Features of Dual Link Redundancyeatu es o ua edu da cy
PRO• Easy to handle• Easy to handle• No settings• Huge field experience
CONSCONS• External switches required due to star structure• Double number of external switches required • Only supervision of directly linked connections• Only supervision of directly linked connections
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Principle of RSTP-Configurationc p e o S Co gu at o
Substation Controller 2 external RSTP-Switches Devices with integrated Devices with integrated
RSTP switch Rings with up to 30 devices
S l i b
dual link
U t 30
Several rings can be connected to external switchesS tti f RSTP t
RSTP
.
Up to 30
devices per ring Setting of RSTP parameters
necessaryWell established technology
Field proven interoperability
RSTP Switch
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RSTP over Fast fibre optic Ethernet
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Features of RSTP eatu es o S
PRO• Only one network required• Only one network required• Redundancy achieved ring structure • Huge field experience• Approved IEEE 802 1D 2004 Standard• Approved IEEE 802.1D-2004 Standard
CONS• Short reconfiguration time in case of interruption
(dependent from failure location)(dependent from failure location)• Settings within RSTP switches necessary
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Principle of PRPc p e o
Two parallel networks Device are connected to Device are connected to
network PRP-A and PRP-B Devices send via both active
linksPRP-A PRP-B
links RedBox for connection of
non PRP devicesS l Seamless
Interoperability tests done
PRP-Switch
PRP-A network
PRP-B network
RB
Non PRP
Page 34 Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.
PRP-RedBoxField level
devices
RB
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Details of redundancy principles Features of PRP eatu es o
PRO• Seamless reconfiguration No recovery time• Seamless reconfiguration - No recovery time• Highest level of redundancy• Simple mechanism, no special switch settings (as in RSTP) • “normal” Devices with 1 interface can be connected to one of the PRP Lan’s (SAN =• normal Devices with 1 interface can be connected to one of the PRP-Lan s (SAN =
Single attached nodes) • Approved IEC Standard
CONSCONS• Double number of switches = increased cost• Switches have to handle Jumbo-Ethernet frames
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Principle of HSR-Configurationc p e o S Co gu at o
Substation Controller 2 Redboxes Devices with integrated HSR Devices with integrated HSR
switch Rings with up to 50 devices
R db di t ib t d i th
PRP-A PRP-B
Redboxes distributed in the ring
SeamlessRB
.
Up to 50 SIPROTEC
devices per ring
Interoperability tests done
PRP-Switch
HSR RiHSR HSR Ring
HSR RedBox
PRP-A connection
RB
RBHSR
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PRP-B connection
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Features of HSR High Available Seamless Redundancyg a ab e Sea ess edu da cy
PROS l fi ti N ti• Seamless reconfiguration - No recovery time
• One common Network• cost reduction through ring configurationg g g• Single attached nodes can only be connected to the HSR network
via a RedBox • Approved IEC 62439-3 StandardApproved IEC 62439 3 Standard
CONS• Standard Ethernet components (e.g. PC) can be connected only via
a RedBoa RedBox
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Details of redundancy principles RSTP with IED integrated cut- through switchesS t teg ated cut t oug s tc es
Normal operation
DUAL Homing
for Substation Controllerfor Substation Controller
and Gateway
RSTP
blocked
connection
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connection
LOOP PREVENTION
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Details of redundancy principles PRP normal operation
application application
o a ope at o
Redundancy RedundancyDeviceIED IED
APRP-A
RedundancyManager
RedundancyManagerinterface
AA B B
PRP-B
Redbox (Redundancy Manager in a Box)
IED
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HSR –High Available Seamless Redundancy Principleg a ab e Sea ess edu da cy c p e
application application
Redundancy
IED
Redundancy
IED
DeviceManager Manager
interface
Redbox
IEDIED IED
RedundancyManager
RedundancyManager
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Example Network Architecture Industrial Power Management Systemsdust a o e a age e t Syste s
Clients Operator StationEngineering andMaintenance Station
RedundantControl Center Servers
CentralController
TCP/IP IEC 61850
Non redundantController
RedundantController
Interface toProcess Control
LV Controller
Modbus/Profibus
PAC
SENTRON
TCP/IP IEC 61850TCP/IP IEC 61850
MV SwitchgearMV SwitchgearMV Switchgear LV Switchgearggg LV Switchgear
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IEEE Nashville TN Technical Meeting - April 30 2015Al b IEEE S ti l M ti F b 6 2017 Bi i h AL
Thank you!
IEEE Nashville, TN Technical Meeting April 30, 2015Alabama IEEE Sectional Meeting – February 6, 2017 - Birmingham, AL
y
Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.