VOLUME 61^

1993

INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF LEPROSYAnd Other Mycobacterial Diseases

Official Organ of the

INTERNATIONAL LEPROSY ASSOCIATION

(Association Internationale contre la Lepre)

(AsociaciOn Internacional de la Lepra)

Contents

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSYand Other Mycobacterial Diseases

CONTENTSVolume 61, Number 1, March 1993

Original Articles^ PageLi, Huan-Ying. Problems of Leprosy Relapse in China ^1Lockwood, Diana N. J., Vinayakumar, Solomon, Stanley, John N. A., McAdam, Keith P. W. J., and

Colston, M. Joseph. Clinical Features and Outcome of Reversal (Type 1) Reactions in Hyderabad ^India ^ 8

McAuley, David M., Ewing, Peter A., and Devasundaram, Jayanth K. Effect of Hand Soaking on Sensory1 esting ^16

Frucht -Pery, Joseph and Feldman, Sandy T. Cataract Surgery in a Leprosy Population in Liberia ^20Nadkarni, Nitin J., Grugni, Antonio, and Kini, Manjunath S. Fixed Duration MDT in Paucibacillary Leprosy

(Classical and Modified) ^25Drowart, Annie, Chanteau, Suzanne, Huygen, Kris, De Cock, Michel, Cartel, Jean-Louis, De Bruyn,

Jacqueline, Launois, Pascal, Yernault, Jean-Claude, and Van Vooren, Jean-Paul. Effects of Che-motherapy on Antibody Levels Directed Against PGL-I and 85A and 85B Protein Antigens in LepromatousPatients 29

Roche, Paul W., Britton, Warwick J., Failbus, Sarah S., Neupane, Kapil Dev, and Theuvenet, WimJ. Serological Monitoring of the Response to Chemotherapy in Leprosy Patients ^35

Yamashita, Jane Tomimori, Cruaud, Philippe, Papa, Fernand, Rotta, Osmar, and David, HugoLopes. Circulating Immune Complexes in Leprosy Sera: Demonstration of Antibodies Against Mycobac-tonal Glycolipidic Antigens in Isolated Immune Complexes 44

Shinde, Sanjay R., Chiplunkar, Subhada V., Butlin, Ruth, Samson, Prabhakar D., Deo, Madhav G ,and Gangal, Sudha G. Lymphocyte Proliferation, IFN-1 Production and Limiting Dilution Analysis of T-CellResponses to ICRC and Mycobacterium leprae Antigens in Leprosy Patients 51

Walker, Laura L., Van Landingham, Rosalind M., and Shinnick, Thomas M. Clanthromycin Is Bacte-ricidal Against Strains of Mycobacterium leprae Resistant and Susceptible to Dapsone and Rifampin ^59

Franzblau, Scott G., Parrilla, Manuela Luisa R., and Chan, Gertrude P. Sparfloxacin Is More Bactericidalthan Ofloxacin Against Mycobacterium leprae in Mice ^66

Shetty, Vanaja P. Animal Model to Study the Mechanism of Nerve Damage in Leprosy—A PreliminaryReport ^70

Editorials

Search for Effective Short-Course Regimens for the Treatment of Leprosy (Stefaan R. Pattyn) ^76Priorities for the Future and Prospects for Leprosy Control (Manike Becx-Bleumink) ^82Clinical Notes

Renal Transplantation in Leprosy Patients (Ana Maria Ferreira Roselino, Ana Maria de Almeida, NormaTiraboschi Foss, Vivian Jacqueline Lima, Edmundo Octavio Raspanti, and Agenor Spallini Ferraz) ^102

Correspondence

On Reflections on the Elimination of Leprosy (C. K. Rao) ^106Suppression of Human Monocyte Cytokine Release by Phenolic Glycolipid -I of Mycobacterium lep-

rae (Cello L Silva, Lucia H Faccioli, and Norma T. Foss) ^107

On Histopathological Monitoring of an Immunotherapeutic Trial with Mycobacterium w (B. N. Reddyand D. Ponchha) ^109

Histological Analysis of the Mitsuda Reaction in Contacts of Multibacillary Leprosy Patients (MariaAngela Bianconcini Trindade and Raul Negrâo Fleury) ^109

International Gandhi Award (S. K. Gokhale) ^110

Obituaries

William Robert Edgar ^112

Giovanni Tarabini-Castellani ^113

Book Review ^114

News and Notes ^115

Current Literature ^120

Special Grantors and Sustaining Members ^184

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSYand Other Mycobacterial Diseases

CONTENTSVolume 61, Number 2, June 1993

Original Articles^ PageConvit, Jacinto, Smith, Peter G., Zuniga, Manuel, Sampson, Celsa, Ulrich, Marion, Plata, Jose A.,

Silva, Juan, Molina, Jose, and Salgado, Antonio. BCG Vaccination Protects Against Leprosy inVenezuela: A Case-Control Study 185

Cellona, Roland V., Walsh, Gerald P., Fajardo, Tranquilino T., Jr., Abalos, Rodolfo M., dela Cruz,Eduardo C., Guido-Villahermosa, Laarni, Felicio-Balagon, Maria Victoria, Steenbergen, Gerrit J.,and Douglas, James T. Cross-Sectional Assessment of ELISA Reactivity in Leprosy Patients, Contacts,and Normal Population Using the Semisynthetic Antigen Natural Disaccharide Octyl Bovine Serum Albumin(ND-0 BSA) in Cebu, The Philippines 192

Glaziou, Philippe, Cartel, Jean-Louis, Moulia-Pelat, Jean-Paul, Ngoc, Lam N'guyen, Chanteau, Suz-anne, Plichart, Regis, and Grosset, Jacques-Henri. Tuberculosis in Leprosy Patients Detected Be-tween 1902 arid 1991 in French Polynesia 199

Sampaio, Elizabeth Pereira, Duppre, Nadia Cristina, Nery, Jose Augusto de Costa, Moreira, AndreLuis, and Sarno, Euzenir Nunes. Development of Giant Reaction in Response to PPD Skin Test inLepromatous Leprosy Patients 205

Blum, Laurent, Flageul, Beatrice, Sow, Salif, Launois, Pascal, Vignon-Pennamen, Marie-Dominique,Coll, Awa, and Milian, Jacques. Leprosy Reversal Reaction in HIV Positive Patients ^214

Foss, Norma Tiraboschi, de Oliveira, Eduardo Brandt, and Silva, Celio Lopes. Correlation BetweenTNF Production, Increase of Plasma C-Reactive Protein Level and Suppression of T Lymphocyte Responseto Concanavalin A During Erythema Nodosum Leprosum 218

Reddi, P. Prabhakara, Talwar, Gursaran P., and Khandekar, P. S. Molecular Cloning and Characterizationof Contiguously Located Repetitive and Single Copy DNA Sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis:Development of PCR-Based Diagnostic Assay 227

Cho, Sang-Nae, Gormus, Bobby J., Xu, Keyu, Bohm, Rudolf P., Jr., Walsh, Gerald P., Meyers, WayneM., and Kim, Joo-Deuk. Serologic Responses to Nerve Antigens in Sooty Mangabey Monkeys withExperimental Leprosy 236

Islas-Rodriguez, Alfonso E., Guillen-Vargas, Cecilia M., Fafutis-Morris, Mary, Alfaro-Bustamante,Fernando, Morales-Ortiz, Roberto, Gonzalez-Mendoza, Amado, and Estrada-Parra, Iris. Recognitionof Mycobacterium leprae Antigens with Antibodies Present in Sera from Patients with Lepromatous Leprosy 245

Tomioka, Haruaki and Saito, Hajime. Therapeutic Efficacy of Some New Quinolones and a Combinationof Ofloxacin with Rif ampin Against Mycobacterium leprae Infection Induced in Athymic Nude Mice ^250

Tomioka, Haruaki and Saito, Hajime. In Vivo Antileprosy Activity of the Newly Synthesized Benzoxazi-norifamycin, KRM- 1648 ^255

SivaSai, Krovvidi S. R., Prasad, Hanumanthappa K., Misra, Radhey S., Ramesh, Venkatesh, Wilfred,Daphne, and Nath, Indira. Effect of Recombinant Interferon Gamma Administration on Lesional Mono-cytes'Macrophages in Lepromatous Leprosy Patients 259

Fine, Paul E. M., Job, Charles K., Lucas, Sebastian B., Meyers, Wayne M., POnnighaus, Jórg M., andSterne, Jonathan A. C. Extent, Origin, and Implications of Observer Variation in the HistopathologicalDiagnosis of Suspected Leprosy 270

Editorial

Leprosy and the Case of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem: Mycobacterial Disease in the CrusaderStates of the 12th and 13th Centuries (Piers D. Mitchell) ^283

Correspondence

Erythema Nodosum Leprosum in a Case of Histoid Leprosy (Surrinder Kaur, Sandipan Dhar, Vinod K ^Sharma, and Ruma Ray) ^292

Necrotic Erythema Nodosum Leprosum; A Presenting Manifestation of Lepromatous Leprosy(Kaushal K. Verma and Ravinder K. Pandhi) ^293

Attempts to Grow Mycobacterium leprae in a Medium with Palmitic Acid as the Substrate(Mohammed Ishague) ^294

Leprosy; Another Possible Source of Transmission (Jayanth K. Devasundaram) ^296Special Section

II WUrzburg Symposium on the Chemotherapy of Leprosy ^298

Book Review ^326

News and Notes ^327

Current Literature ^336

Special Grantors and Sustaining Members ^380

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSY

and Other Mycobacterial Diseases

CONTENTSVolume 61, Number 3, September 1993

Original Articles^ PagePessolani, Maria Cristina V., Hunter, Shirley Wu, and Brennan, Patrick J. Relationship Between Host

lisIones and Armadillo Derived Aiiycoliircfrinirm hpr.re ^381

Pattyn, Stefaan R., Ursi, Dominique, leven, Margareta, Grillone, Saverio, and Raes, Veerle. Detectionof Mycobacterium leprae by the Polymerase Chain Reaction in Nasal Swabs of Leprosy Patients and TheirContacts 389

Job, Charles K., Sanchez, Rita M., Hunt, Roena, Truman, Richard W., and Hastings, Robert C. Armadillos(Dasypus noverncinctus) as a Model to lest Antileprosy Vaccines: A Preliminary Report ^394

Azouaou, Nourredine, Gelber, Robert H., Abel, Kristina, Sasaki, Dennis T., Murray, Lydia P., Locksley,Richard M., and Mohagheghpour, Nahid. Reconstitution of Mycobacterium leprae Immunity in SevereCombined Immunodeficient Mice Using a T-Cell Line 398

Van Landingham, Rosalind M., Walker, Laura L., O'Sullivan, John F., and Shinnick, Thomas M. Activityof Phenarine Analogs Against Mycobacterium leprae Infections in Mice ..^ 406

Kohsaka, Kenji, Matsuoka, Masanori, Hirata, Tsunehiko, and Nakamura, Masahiro. Preservation ofMycobacterium leprae in Vitro for Four Years by Lyophilization ^415

Chiplunkar, Subhada V., Kudalkar, Jyoti L., Gangal, Sudha G., and Deo, Madhav G. Immunoreactivityof Mycobacterial Strain ICRC and Mycobacterium leprae Antigens with Polyclonal and Monoclonal Anti-bodies 421

Porichha, Dullobho, Misra, Arun K., Dhariwal, Akshaya C., Samal, Ramesh C., and Reddy, Bapura N ^Ambiguities in Leprosy flistopathology ^428

Bhatia, Amarjit S., Katoch, Kiran, Narayanan, Rangarajan B., Ramu, Gopal, Mukherjee, Ashok, and Lavania,Ravinder K. Clinical and Fiistopathological Correlation in the Classification of Leprosy ^433

Editorial

Cell-Mediated Immunity in Leprosy; An Update (Utpal Sengupta) ^439Clinical Notes

Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Masquerading as Relapsed Borderline Tuberculoid Leprosy? (Surrinder Kaur,Sandipan Dhar, Pradeep Bambery, Amrinder J. Kanwar, and Arvind Khajuria) ^455

Correspondence

Assessment of BCG Protective Efficacy by Case-Control Studies (Sergio de Andrade Nishioka and IsabelaMaria Bernardes Goulart) ^459

Drs. Muliyil, et al. Reply to Drs. Nishioka and Goulart (Jayaprakash Muliyil, Kenrad E. Nelson, and Earl Diamond)^460Rodrigues, et al. Reply to Drs. Nishioka and Goulart (Minan L. 0. Rodigues, Ana LOcia S. S. Andrade, Celina

1,1 T Martell, and Fabio Zucker) ^461

Interleukin - 1/3 Production by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Leprosy Patients (Venugopal Jay-apal, Gopal Selvi Bai, Derek Lobo, and Sandras Panchatcharam Thyagarajan) ^482

Higher Specificity in the Serodiagnosis of Leprosy by Combined Titration of Antiphenolic Glycolipid -I andAntiphospholipid Antibodies (Paolo Hallo, Paolo P. Cardo, and Enrico Nunzi) ^464

Autoaggressive Lepromatous Leprosy (Sandipan Dhar, Amrinder J Kanwar, and Surrinder Kaur) ^467Electrocardiographic Alterations in Lepromatous Leprosy Patients with Concomitant Trypanosoma

Infection (Oscar A Bottasso, Julio C Monni, Guillermo Salem', and Ricardo Arce) ^468Histoid Leprosy in Early Macular Lepromatous Leprosy; Incidental Finding or Sign of Augmented Local

Immunity? (Paolo Rallo, Enrico Nunzi, Paolo Betto, E. Bonoldi, and F. Torregrossa) ^471

Infected Trophic Ulcers and Tenderness of Posterior Tibial Nerve in Cured Leprosy Patients (Anil H ^Patki) ^472

Myokymia in Leprosy Patients (Surrinder Kaur and Sandipan Dhar) ^473

Reduced Fingertip Blood Flow and Peripheral Dysautonomia in Leprosy Patients in Iranian Azerbaijanand in Maharashtra, India (Neil C Abbot, John Swanson Beck, Mohammed H. Mobayen, Prabhakar D.Samson. and John L. Stanford) ^ 474

Book Reviews ^ 477

News and Notes ^ 478

Current Literature ^484

U.S.—Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program, Twenty -Eighth Joint Leprosy Research Conference, Be-thesda, Maryland, U.S.A., 1993 ^ 516

Statement of Financial Condition ^529

Special Grantors and Sustaining Members ^532

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSYand Other Mycobacterial Diseases

CONTENTSVolume 61, Number 4, December 1993

Original Articles^ PageChanteau, Suzanne, Glaziou, Philippe, Plichart, Catherine, Luquiaud, Patrick, Plichart, Regis, Fau-

cher, Jean Francois, and Cartel, Jean-Louis. Low Predictive Value of PGL-I Serology for the EarlyDiagnosis of Leprosy in Family Contacts: Results of a 10-Year Prospective Field Study in FrenchPolynesia 533

Orege, Patrick A., Fine, Paul E. M., Lucas, Sebastian B., Obura, Michael, Okelo, Cornelius, andOkuku, Peter. Case-Control Study of BCG Vaccination as a Risk Factor for Leprosy and Tuberculosisin Western Kenya 542

George, Renu, Rao, P. S. S., Mathai, Rachel, and Jacob, Mary. Intrafamilial Transmission of Leprosy inVellore Town, India ^550

Borgdorff, Martien W., van den Broek, Jacques, Chum, Hamsa J., Klokke, Arnoud H., Graf, Petra,Barongo, Longin R., and Newell, James N. HIV-1 Infection as a Risk Factor for Leprosy; A Case-Control Study in Tanzania 556

Gupte, Mohan D., Vallishayee, Ramakrishna S., De Britto, Lourduraj John, and Anantharaman, De-varayasamudram S. Sensitization Potential and Reactogenicity of Varying Doses of BCG Plus KilledMycobacterium leprae An Extended Study 563

Vikerfors, Tomas, Olcen, Per, Wiker, Harald, and Watson, James D. Serological Response in Leprosyand Tuberculosis Patients to the 18-kDa Antigen of Mycobacterium leprae and Antigen 85B of Mycobac-terium bovis BCG ^571

Moncada, Benjamin, Torres-Alvarez, Maria Berha, Gonzalez-Amaro, Roberto, Fuentes-Ahumada,Cornelia, Baranda, Lourdes, Delgado, Sara Patricia, and Garcia, Rito. Lack of Expression of In-tercellular Adhesion Molecule ICAM-1 in Lepromatous Leprosy Patients ^581

Vidal, Maria C., Bottasso, Oscar A., Lehrer, Amira, and Puche, Rodolfo C. Altered Calcium-BindingAbility of Plasma Proteins as the Cause of Hypocalcemia in Lepromatous Leprosy ^586

Theuvenet, Wim J., Finlay, Kathleen, Roche, Paul, Soares, Desmond, and Kauer, John M. G. Neuritisof the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve in Leprosy ^592

Theuvenet, Wim J., Miyazaki, Nobuko, Roche, Paul, and Shrestha, lshwar. Cytological Needle Aspi-ration of the Nerve for the Diagnosis of Pure Neural Leprosy ^597

Honore, Nadine, Perrani, Evelyne, Telenti, Amalio, Grosset, Jacques, and Cole, Stewart T. A Simpleand Rapid Technique for the Detection of Rifampin Resistance in Mycobacterium leprae ^600

McDermott-Lancaster, R. Denise and Banerjee, Dilip K. Activity of Sparfloxacin Against Mycobacteriumleprae Measured by the Proportional Bactericidal Test ^605

Suzuki, Katsuya, Fukutomi, Yasuo, Matsuoka, Masanori, Torii, Keiko, Hayashi, Hidetoshi, Takii,Takemasa, Oomoto, Yasukazu, and Onozaki, Kikuo. Differential Production of Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor, and IL-1 Receptor Antagonist by Human Monocytes Stimulated with Mycobac-terium leprae and M bovis BCG ^609

Editorial

A Singular Obsession: New Brunswick's Leprosy Doctor (Laurie C. C. Stanley-Blackwell) ^619Correspondence

Isoniazid and Hepatotoxicity (P R N Verdun) ^628Dr. Grosset Replies for the Isoprodian Study Group (Jacques H. Grosset) ^629How Effective Is Monthly Rifampin? Response to the Letter to the Editor by Dr. J. G. Almeida (Louis

Levy) ^629Dr. Almedia Replies (Joel G. Almeida) ^630Leprosy—Economy—Environment; Might We Predict Leprosy Incidence from this Point of

View? (Zhao Di, Nong Yuewen, and Zhong Jingzeng) ^631Lack of Response to WHO/MDT; A Case Report (Haileselassie Habtemariam and Mimi Guebre-

Xabier) ^632An Investigation of Mast Cells in Two Basic Leprosy Groups (Kyriaki Aron'. George Kontochristopoulos,

Anna boss'. and Dimitris Panteleos) ^634Pedal Edema Following Clofazimine Therapy; A Case Report (P Y. Tyagi and Tom Oommen) ^636

Book Review ^637

News and Notes ^638

Current Literature ^647

Reviewers ^672

Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation ^673

Special Grantors and Sustaining Members ^674

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSYand Other Mycobacterial Diseases

CONTENTS

Volume 61, Number 4 (Supplement), December 1993

Page

Congress Organization

History of the International Leprosy Association and Congress ^676XIV International Leprosy Congress Organizing Committee/Sponsors ^677International Leprosy Association Officers and Councillors, 1988-1993 ^678Welcoming Letters and Remarks ^679Scope of the Scientific Program ^683

Minutes of ILA Pre-Congress Council Meeting ^684

Opening Ceremonies

Welcome, S. K. Noordeen (WHO) ^688Welcome, Kenneth Martin (ILEP) ^689Greetings, Chen Minzhang ^690Welcome, Robert R. Jacobson (USPHS) ^691Keynote Address, Paul W. Brand ^692

Plenary Session

Minutes of General Meeting of ILA Members ^697Closing Remarks by Outgoing ILA President, Wayne M. Meyers ^701Address of Incoming ILA President, Yo Yuasa ^703ILA Officers and Councillors, 1993-1998 ^708ILA Membership List ^709

Minutes of New ILA Council Meeting ^721

Reports of Pre-Congress Workshops ^722Workshop 1. Microbiology ^722Workshop 2. Immunology ^725Workshop 3. Chemotherapy ^729Workshop 4. Reaction and Nerve Damage ^731Workshop 5. Experimental ^733Workshop 6. Pathology ^737Workshop 7. Training of Professionals ^740Workshop 8. Approaches to Epidemiology, Prevention and Control ^742Workshop 9. Consumer and Community Participation in Care and Rehabilitation Programs^744Workshop 10. Management of Disabilities ^748Workshop 11. Guidelines for Leprosy Control Managers ^750Workshop 12. Elimination of Leprosy ^753Workshop 13. The Eye ^755

XIV Congress Participants ^757

Abstracts of Congress Papers and Posters ^769

Index to Volume 61 ^771

Page 1Page 2Page 3Page 4Page 5Page 6