ict - information and communication technologies · h2020-ict-2015-10 n collective awareness...

ICT-InformationandCommunicationTechnologies

ProjectAcronym: MAZIProjectFullTitle: ADIYnetworkingtoolkitforlocation-basedcollectiveawarenessGrantAgreement: 687983ProjectDuration: 36months(Jan.2016-Dec.2018)

D2.5–Design,progressandevaluationoftheDeptfordCreekNetpilot(version2)

DeliverableStatus: FinalFileName: MAZI_D2.5_11012018.pdfDueDate: 31December2018(M24)SubmissionDate: 11January2018(M25)DisseminationLevel: PublicTaskLeader: MarkGaved(OU)Author: MarkGaved(OU)

JamesStevens(SPC)GarethDavies(OU)PaulClayton(SPC)

MAZInGrantAgreement687983D2.5-Design,progressandevaluationoftheDeptfordCreekNetpilot(version2)nDecember2017H2020nResearchandInnovationprojectH2020-ICT-2015-10nCollectiveAwarenessPlatformsforSustainabilityandSocialInnovationn

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TheMAZIConsortiumConsistingof:

OrganisationName ShortName Country

UniversityofThessaly UTH Greece

NETHOOD NH Switzerland

EdinburgNapierUniversity NU UnitedKingdom

UniversitatderKunsteBerlin UdK Germany

TheOpenUniversity OU UnitedKingdom

SlacktivistLimited SPC UnitedKingdom

INURAZurichInstitute INURA Switzerland

CommonGrounds CG Germany

UnMonastery UM UnitedKingdom

Disclaimer

ThisworkislicensedunderaCreativeCommonsAttribution-NonCommercial4.0InternationalLicense


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History

Version Author Date Status

1.0 GarethDavies October01,2017 InitialDraft

2.0 MarkGaved,JamesStevens,PaulClayton

December22,2017

Draft

2.1 MarkGaved,JamesStevens,PaulClayton

January11,2018 FinalDraft

3.0 MarkGaved January24,2018 Finalformatteddraft

FF MarkGaved,GarethDavies

January31,2018 Revisedfinalformat


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ExecutivesummaryIn thisdeliverable, thesecond inaseriesof three,wereportonprogress in theCreeknetpilot.WedescribeprogresstowardstasksidentifiedintheDescriptionofWork(DoW)forTask2.2,focusingonactivitiesinYear2(2017:months13-24)andlookforwardtoYear3.TheCreeknetpilotconsistsoffourphases.Thisyear,ourfocushasbeenonconsolidatinginitialcontactsmadeinYear1(Phase1),andcontinuingcommunityengagementactivitiesalongsidecarryingoutaninitialdeploymentoftheMAZItoolkitwithanumberofengagedcommunitygroupsandindividuals(Phase2).Inthesecondhalfoftheyear,asthetoolkitwasdevelopedandanintegratedsetoftoolestablishedthesegroupsandotherswereinvitedtoengageinfurthertrials,andfeedbackwasgatheredtofurtherinformonwarddevelopment(Phase3).WehavecontinuedwithoureffortstobuilduponexistingrelationshipsinDeptfordCreekandfurtherafieldtohelpusexplorethedifferentwaysinwhichDIYnetworkinginthebroadestsenseandtheuseoftheMAZItoolkitinparticularmighthelpaddresslocalchallenges.WehavereassessedsomeofourfocithroughseekingoutnewopportunitiesforengagementandtriallingtheMAZItoolkit.AmajoractivitywasplanningandrunningthetwodayMAZILondonCross-fertilisationsymposium.ThiscreatedtheopportunityforCreeknetparticipantstosharetheir experiences and engagewith the otherMAZI pilots, bringing together existing community contacts inDeptfordCreek,andMAZIpartners,andattractednewcontributors.Throughouractivities,workingwiththeemergingMAZItoolkitthatevolvedthroughseveraliterationsduringtheyear,wehavebetterunderstoodlocalcircumstancesandthecomplexityinvolvedintheconceptualisationof ‘DIY networking’ - it cannot be assumed to be a single notion.We have identified that both social andtechnologicalconcernscanrestrictitsuptake,andconsiderroutestoovercomingthesechallenges.Weprovideanalysisofworkcarriedoutsofar,andlooktowardsthefutureactivities.


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TableofContents1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................6

2. THEPILOTCONTEXT............................................................................................................................7

3. KEYSTAKEHOLDERS............................................................................................................................8

4. THEPURPOSE..........................................................................................................................................8

5. THEPILOTDESIGN..............................................................................................................................10

6. PHASE2:INITIALIMPLEMENTATION(JANUARY–JUNE2017)...........................................126.1 ACTIVITIES............................................................................................................................................................126.2 DISSEMINATIONANDENGAGEMENTACTIVITIES(EDDIESOFACTIVITY)..................................................156.3 OUTCOMES............................................................................................................................................................16

7. CROSS-FERTILISATIONCOMMUNITYENGAGEMENTEVENT(JUNE,2017)......................187.1 ACTIVITIES............................................................................................................................................................187.2 OUTCOMES............................................................................................................................................................24

8. PHASE3:INTEGRATEDMAZITRIALS(JULYTODECEMBER,2018)....................................268.1 ACTIVITIES............................................................................................................................................................268.2 DISSEMINATIONANDENGAGEMENTACTIVITIES(EDDIESOFACTIVITY)..................................................278.2.1 UnMonasteryKokkinopilospilotvisits...............................................................................................288.2.2 UnMonasteryTsepelovopilotvisit.......................................................................................................298.2.3 MayDayRooms.............................................................................................................................................298.2.4 CentralSt.Martins:studentengagementandSaoPaulofavelasrightstothecity.......29

8.3 OUTCOMES............................................................................................................................................................308.3.1 ReflectionsonDIYnetworking..............................................................................................................308.3.2 Technicalinsights........................................................................................................................................318.3.3 Perceivedsocialbarriers..........................................................................................................................32

9. REFLECTIONS........................................................................................................................................339.1 COMMUNITYENGAGEMENTEVENTS.................................................................................................................339.2 COMMUNITYPARTNERS.....................................................................................................................................369.3 FACTORSAFFECTINGUPTAKEOFTHEMAZITOOLKITINTHECREEKNETPILOT....................................379.4 CONCEPTUALFRAMINGS:LOCALISINGLANGUAGETOSPEAKTODEPTFORDCREEK..............................399.5 BUILDINGTRUST..................................................................................................................................................409.6 TENSIONSOFINSIDER/OUTSIDERRESEARCHERSTATUS.............................................................................409.7 PROJECTVERSUSINITIATIVETIMEFRAMES.....................................................................................................40

10. CONCLUSIONSANDOUTLOOK.....................................................................................................4210.1 SUMMARISINGKEYACTIVITIES.....................................................................................................................4210.2 FUTUREOUTLOOK:YEAR3ACTIVITIES......................................................................................................43


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1. Introduction

ThisreportisanupdateofprogressintheCreeknetpilotforMonths13-24,buildingontheM12Deliverable2.4report.WedescribeprogressthathasbeenmadeintheDeptfordCreekbasedMAZIpilotduringthisperiod.Aswiththepreviousreport,weusetheframingofthe6Pstostructurethedocument(Hollimanetal.,2017):

• ‘Preparedness’: identifying local contexts, understanding of the challenges to be faced, the researchers’preparationsfordealingwiththesechallenges

• ‘Politics’:understandingthelocalsocialandpoliticalcontextsinwhichtheresearchwouldbecarriedout• ‘People’:identifyingthepeoplethatwillbeinvolvedoraffectedbythework:theresearchers,thecommunity

partnerswithwhomweengaged,othercommunityparticipants,othersaffectedbythework• ‘Purposes’:clarifyingtheaimsandobjectivesoftheresearchfromtheperspectiveofMAZI,theparticipants

involvedandotherstakeholders• ‘Processes’:pinningdowntheapproach,methodsandtechniquesthatwouldbefollowedbytheresearch

team• ‘Performances’:consideringwhatwasfoundandtheextenttowhichthismettheobjectivesoftheresearch

Wereportonactivitiesundertaken,emergingthemes,challengesencounteredandplansfordevelopmentsinthefinalyearofMAZI(months25-36).Section2providesanupdateonthepreparednessandpolitics,section3onthepeopleinvolved,section4onthepilotdesign,andsections6,7and8reportonthepurposes,processesandperformancesof the initial implementation, cross-fertilizationevent, and the integrated trials. Section9reflectsupontheactivitiesoftheyearandsection10concludeswithadiscussionofwhathasbeenachieved,andthefutureoutlook.


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2. ThePilotContext

This section sets the scene for the pilot by describing our continued efforts to maintain a ready state of‘Preparedness’intermsofourunderstandingofthechallengeswewouldface;andthe‘Politics’characterisingthelocalsocialandpoliticalcontextsinwhichtheresearchwasbeingcarriedout.DeptfordCreek,thegeographicalfocusoftheCreeknetpilot,continuestochangeatarapidpace.Thelocalareahasseengentrificationandredevelopmentcontinueatspeed:theoldrailwayarchesnexttothestationhavebeenlaunchedasDeptfordMarketYardwiththedeveloperwinningapropertydevelopers’awardin2017.AlongtheCreek,new towerblocks riseupweekbyweek, and theThamesTidewayScheme infrastructureprojectprogresses leading to the removal of trees and re-routing of footpaths in the area (e.g.http://crossfields.blogspot.co.uk/2017/03/).DevelopmentdemandshavedirectlyimpactedgroupswithwhichtheCreeknetprojectisengaging.Specifically,theboatersintheTheatreArmrepresentedbyFriendsofDeptfordCreek(FODC)areunderseverepressuretomaintaintheirrightstomooringsandlandaccess,asnewownersproposedevelopmentplansfortheyardsthatthey’velongusedandrentednexttotheirboats.TheMinesweeperCollectivehavelongbeenunderpressurefromthedevelopmentrequirementsoftheThamesTidewayScheme,andcompoundedbyacatastrophicfireinJanuary2017oftheircentralboat,the1950’swoodenminesweeper(ex-HMSLedsham)hasledtothedispersalof some residential boaters, and loss of shore access. Maintaining a viable existence for these boatingcommunitiesandassociatedresidentshasbecomeagreaterstruggle.TheMinesweeperwreck nowhas a future homeon the creek as amicro-environmentwith Port of LondonAuthority (PLA) and Creekside Discovery Centre (CDC) in partnership roles. FODC are attempting to form acooperativeseekingconsolidationofmooringrightsforalltheboatingcommunityandfutureusersofDeptfordCreek.Overall,thepredicamentstillloomsattheendoftheyear,andwhiletherehasbeenstronglocalresistanceand successful campaigns to challengedeveloperplanningapplications, there isa concern that thishasonlysuspendedinevitableshore-sidedevelopment.Against thiscontexttheCreeknetpilotcontinuestoengagewitharangeof individualsandgroupsalongthelengthoftheCreek,workingwiththefourframingsofMAZI:

• CONTACT:buildingrelationshipsacrossthediversepopulationthatlivesinsmallgeographicalareabutwithverydifferentcharacteristics,anddrawinginnewarrivals.

• INFORMATION:inordertohelpbuildasenseofcollectiveawareness,informingbothnewcomersandlong-termresidentsaboutwhatishappeningaroundthem.

• Third,thehiddenstoriesoftheirlocalitywithDISCOURSEtoengagecommunitymembersindiscussionsaroundsharedinterests,anddebatesabouttheidentityandfuturepotentialoftheirlivedenvironment.

• KNOWLEDGESHARINGwasnotidentifiedintheDescriptionofWorkasaframingforCreeknet,buthasarisenasahighlyrelevantmotivationforcommunityparticipationinthefaceofrapidneighbourhoodchange.

Theframingshavebeenenactedthroughdevelopmentsupportanddirectinterventione.g.revitalisingoftheBrookmillParkRanger’shut,clearingoftheHoySteps,workingcloselywithCreeksideDiscoveryCentreandtheupscalingoflocalwirelessnetworkaccess.


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3. KeyStakeholders

InMonths13-24oftheproject,theCreeknetprojectteamremainedthesame.OUandSPCcontinuedtodeveloptheircommunicationmodeltobridgethe70kmdistancebetweenlocationsandtimetakenwhenvisitingoneanothertoattendmeetings,conductfieldworkandextendthescopeofinteractionbetweenallparticipantsofthepilot. Theweekly rhythmof contact and collaboration requireda combinationof all ourexperienceandappetiteforexperimentationwiththeprocess,thoughwhichwehavealllearnedmuchandemployedtheMAZItoolkitaspartofourorganisationpractises.SPC’sbaseatDeckspaceiswithincloseproximityoftheCreeknetpilotstudyarea,buttoestablishandmaintaincontactwithcommunityparticipantsSPCreliedonanoutreachworkplan,utilisingCreeksidebasedmeetingroomsandrecreationalresources.ForSPC,theconstituenttasksofMonths13-24representacontinuationofanongoinginvestigationintoDIYnetworkingandself-provisionoftelecomsandpublishing.Thisstartedin1996at‘Backspace’inClinkStreet,LondonBridge,andcontinuedasConsumefrom2000,thenuptothepresentinDeptfordwith‘OWN’(OpenWirelessNetwork).

4. ThePurpose

InthissectionweexplainthepurposesofourresearchaccordingtotheaimsandobjectiveslaidoutinPhase2-initialimplementation;andPhase3-integratedMAZItrials,furtherdescribedinMAZIDoW(Figure1).

Figure1:theactivitiestobecarriedoutacrossthefourphasesoftheCreeknetpilot,asdescribedintheMAZIproject’s

DescriptionofWork(DoW).

ThepurposeofPhase2was tocarryoutan initial implementationofnetwork infrastructuresand individualservicestoenablecommunityengagement(M13-M18):

• toincludeafocusonmicrodatahosting,webauthoringandcommunicationtoolsthatpromoteofflinenetworks,safermobilecommunicationsandinspirepublicinteractions

• to arrange for the first iteration of implementation tools to be tested by community champions toenable critical reflection on their usability and affordances, and likely opportunities for integrationwithinMAZItoolkit

• toaskparticipantstoprovidefeedbackontheeffectivenessandusabilityofservicesThepurposeofPhase3wastocarryoutanintegratedMAZItrialtoembedtheprototypeMAZItoolkit(withconstituentservices)withinabroaderreachingcommunitynetwork(e.g.OWN)(M19-24):

• tointroducecommunityleaderstothefirstversionoftheintegratedtoolkitandprovidingaselectionofservicesandconfigurationsinresponsetolocalconditions

• topromotetoawidercommunityofusersthroughnetworkchampionsandlocalmediaactions(e.g.bypromotionatSPCWirelessWednesdaysandothercommunityleveloutlets)

• to carry out training for neighbourhood participants through regular community based activities,includingworkshopsanddrop-insessions


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• tohostanevaluationworkshoptogetfeedbackfromthecommunityandenabledesigninputintoafurtherdevelopmentofthesystem


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5. ThePilotDesign

ThissectionreportsonthedesignoftheprocessesweemployedtocarryoutPhase2&3ofthepilot,includingthemethodsofdatacollectionandanalysisweusedtoevaluatethebenefitsofthisapproach,andthevaluesprovidedtopeoplewithwhichweengaged.AdoptingParticipatoryActionResearch(PAR)asanapproach(asdescribedinD2.4)remainsrelevantforthewayweareresearchingthevalueofDIYnetworkingandthepotentialfordevelopingaMAZItoolkitthatmeetstheneedsof theCreeknetpilot situations.Theadvantageof thisapproachcontinues tobe itsability toactasavehicleforpurposelycreatingopportunitiesforourmarginalisedcommunitiestoexplorehowDIYnetworkingmight empower them as instigators of new ideas and leaders on activation. This has encouraged both theresearchteamandthecommunitiestothinkcreativelyabouthowtoengageintheco-creationofknowledge,e.g.byconsideringscenariosinwhichaMAZItoolkitmightadheretothe‘empowermentagenda’.InYear2thishasmeant thatwehavebeenable to createopportunities firstly for the ‘initial implementation’ofnetworkinfrastructuresandindividualservices(CreeknetPhase2)andsecondly,foraseriesof‘integratedMAZItrials’that can be framed as community-led activities,making use of constituentDIY-networking serviceswithin abroaderreachingcommunitynetwork(CreeknetPhase3).AdheringtothelogicofChevalierandBuckles(2013),Figure2illustrateshowtheobjectivesofPhases2and3have aligned with the three named elements of PAR: participation (life in society and democracy), action(engagementwithexperienceandhistory),andresearch(soundnessinthoughtandthegrowthofknowledge).

Figure2:MappingPhase2&3activitiestoaParticipatoryActionResearchapproach

Phase1ofthepilot(Jan.toDec.2016)wasdesignedtoidentifyprocessesthateffectivelyengagedcommunitygroups and individuals in activities that facilitated community mapping, outreach activities and plans forcapturinginsights.IndesigningPhase2(initialimplementation,Jan.toJun.2017)andPhase3(integratedtrials,Jul.toDec.2017)wereflectedonwhatwaseffectiveintermsofengagingpeopleinPhase1,andtheobjectivesthatwewouldneedtomeetinPhase4,Jan.-Sept.2018(Figure4).


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Figure3:illustratingthecomponentsusedtoaddressPhase2and3oftheCreeknetpilot

InFigure3werepresentthecomponentsofourdesignformeetingtheobjectivesofPhases2&3.Throughoutthe process there was crossover between SPC and OU’s efforts to encouragemembers of communities toparticipateandengageinactionsthatfacilitatedinsightsintoourresearch.


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6. Phase2:InitialImplementation(January–June2017)

The planned purpose of Phase 2was to carry out an initial implementation of network infrastructures andindividualservices toenablecommunityengagementandtriallingofearlyversionsof theMAZI toolkit. Thisprovidedtheresearchteamwithfeedbacktohelpfurtherdevelopservices,includingafocusonapplicationsthatcouldbeusedbyparticipantsastoolsformicrodatahosting,webauthoringandcommunicationtools.Itwasintended that this would help us promote offline networks, safer mobile communications and inspireinteractionsbetweenindividualsandcommunitygroups.

6.1 Activities

This section describes the approach, methods, and techniques that we followed to deploy the initialimplementation of the MAZI toolkit, and gain community feedback. During Phase 1, we had focussed onestablishing community engagement, opening up discussion around community challenges, and introducingdebatearoundtherolenetworkedtoolsmightplaytoovercometheseissuesandhelpempowercommunities.Thisactionnecessarilycontinued,bothwithexistingcontactsandreachingouttonewgroupsandindividuals;howeverduringPhase2ourprimaryfocusmovedtoanexplorationofhowtheMAZItoolkitunderdevelopmentmightbeemployedinthepursuitofthesecommunitygoals.OurapproachwastocreateopportunitiesforparticipantstodiscoverandinteractwiththeMAZItoolkit,throughpracticalhands-oneventsandfollow-upconversations.WeheldafurtherseriesofregularpublicMAZImeet-ups(‘MAZI-Mondays').SPCpromotedevents,andalsoidentifiedcommunityparticipantsthatcouldengageothersinturn.MAZI-MondayswereheldatstrategiclocationsalongtheCreek,purposelychosentoreflectthediversityofthegroupswewished to attract, both in terms of geographical and cultural focus.We took a conscious designdecisiontochoosegeographicallynearbymeetingplacesupanddowntheCreek,andamixtureofbothfamiliarandwell frequentedplaces,butalsoothersthatwerephysicallywellknownyet lessvisitedandmight inviteattendancethroughstimulatingcuriosity.Theseincluded:TheHoyKitchen,nearthemouthofDeptfordCreek;theRefectoryatTrinityLabanDance;aboardLuna, one of the boats ownedby amember of the Friends ofDeptford Creek (centred aroundone boatingcommunity); the Birds Nest Pub/Undercurrents art gallery; the Stephen Lawrence Centre, a communityorganisationsupportingyoungpeople’sskillsdevelopmentborderingBrookmillPark,tothesouthoftheCreek(seeFigure4foranimageofoneofthesemeetings);theparkwarden’shut,BrookmillPark(homeofRedstartArts’activities).Allwerespaceswheretherewascapacityforgroupassemblies,oftenplacesthatsomeattendeeshadnevervisitedbefore.

Figure4:MAZIMondayheldattheStephenLawrenceCentre:participantsexploringtheMAZItoolkit,andcommunity

mapping.


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Themethodsweusedtoengageparticipantsincludedintroductionsandopendiscussionaroundlocalchallenges,bothfortheDeptfordCreekareaingeneralandfacedbytheparticipatinggroupsandindividualsspecifically.Weexplored relationships and geographical interests using communitymapping techniques, and introduced theMAZI toolkit throughdemonstrationsandhands-onguidedsessions.Akeydiscussion focuswasaroundhowtoolsmightfacilitateofflinenetworks,safermobilecommunicationandinspirepublicinteraction.MAZItoolkitguidancewasprovidedandalso related technical support tobuildparticipants’ capacities inusing theirownequipment(suchassmartphonesandlaptops).TheintendedfocusforPhase2was“toolsformicrodatahosting,web authoring and communication” (MAZI DoW), hence supportwas offered around the specific tools andconceptsastheyappearedwithinthetoolkitandmoregenerally:werecognisedthatsomeparticipatinggroupswerealreadywebauthoringonline(e.g.usingWordPress)andbeginningtrainingfortheseknowntoolswouldincrease capacity both to resolve current community needs, and also to encourage explorationof theMAZItoolkit.‘Initialimplementationofinfrastructures’wasenactedthroughtechnicalworkcarriedoutbySPC.Thisincludedsetting up and testing MAZI toolkits and distributing them to community participants for initial trialling;revitalisingandextendingSPC’sOpenWirelessNetworkinfrastructureacrosstheDeptfordarea;andpreparatorytechnicalworktoreadycommunitypartnersforengagementwithMAZI(e.g.layingnetworkcabling).ThewiderdebatesaroundDIYnetworkingresonatedwithmanyoftheparticipants,andanumberagreedtotryout installations of theMAZI toolkit. Two installationswere set up in Phase 2.With the sad demise of theMinesweeperCollective’sboat,therewasacommunitydesiretoarchivememories,stories,images,andothermediaarounditsactivities,andaMAZIzonewasinstalledintheUndercurrents’ArtGalleryintheBirdsNestpubbyartistKarenBarnes,workingwithSPC.Second,aMAZIzonewassetupattheHoyCafe,oneofthevenuesforMAZI-Mondays that had emerged as an active participant: the owner was enthusiastic to engage with ouractivities,andhelpedgiveusaccesstotheneighbouringhistoricHoySteps,ownedbytheproprietor'sfamily,oneofthefewlocallyownedaccesspointstoDeptfordCreek.ThisbecameafocusofMAZIcommunityactivitiesinspring2017,withSPCcoordinatingaclean-upoftheaccesssteps(Figure5).

Figure5:TheHoyStepsclearup:re-enablingaccesstoDeptfordCreek

Theclean-upoftheHoyStepsbroughttogetherdifferent individualsandgroupsaroundaveryhands-onyetanalogueDIYnetworkingactivity,inpreparationfortheJuneMAZIcross-fertilisationevent.Wewishedtoengage


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notonlyvisitorsbutalsolocalsinconsideringDeptfordCreek’sgeographyfromadifferentperspective,andtoelicitassociatedlocalstoriesthatcouldthenbegatheredanddisseminatedbyaMAZIzoneinthevicinity.MAZIInstallationsdeployedinPhase2aredescribedinTable1.


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Table1:DeploymentsofMAZIzonesinPhase2

Deployment Setting Description ofsetting

Purpose ofMAZIzone

Keytools

Custard, Cyclops,Darkness (andothers)

Rovingdemonstrators

Roving,with JamesSPC

Carriedwith Jamesto showcase MAZIwhen theopportunitypresents itself tointerestedparties.

Current updatedinstallationofMAZItoolkitwith customtools includingTwinery,WordPressinterface.

Undercurrents Bird’s Nest Pub,Undercurrents artgallery

Communitymeeting place,venue, art galleryhosted byMinesweeperCollective

(1) Communitymemory archive:Capturing andsharing stories,audio and photosassociatedwiththeMinesweeper(HMS Ledsham) .(2) Promotion ofMAZI concept incommunitysetting

Guestbook,Nextcloud,etherpad

HoyCafeandSteps TheHoyCafe Cafe with sittingarea.BaseofMAZI-Mondays andactivityaroundHoySteps, venue forLondon CrossFertilisation event,owned by Claire,participantinMAZIevents.

(1)Promotion ofMAZI concept incommunity setting(2) Proof ofinternet access viaMAZIzone (3)InformationonHoyStepsactivities

V1.8.5 of MAZItoolkitplusinternetbackhaulenabled.

Ongoing testing and exploration of theMAZI toolkitwas carried out throughout Phase 2 in order to betterunderstanditsfunctionalitiesandtoofferfeedbacktothedevelopers.Thiswasundertakenbothbytheresearchteam, to support the training of community participantswhen it was introduced inMAZI-Mondays and foranticipatedinstallations;andalsobycommunityparticipantsthemselvesastheybegantoexperimentdirectlywith the toolkit. As challenges were encountered, requests weremade to theWP1 technical team via thetechnical mailbox and direct email requests. Local development work was also carried out to explore theincorporationofadditionaltoolsandcustomisethesystemforlocalcircumstances.

6.2 Disseminationandengagementactivities(eddiesofactivity)

Year2DisseminationandengagementactivitieshaveresultedinbroaderconversationsaroundDIYnetworkingandtheinstallationandtestingoffurtherMAZIzones.InkeepingwiththemaritimemetaphorsusedtobridgeconversationsinCreeknet,weconsiderthese‘eddies’ofadditionalactivity:takingtheteambeyondthecorefocusoftheCreeknetpilot,butbringingbackadditionalprogress,reflection,andfeedbackintothetoolkitandthewayweengagelocalcommunitieswithMAZI.TheseincludebothcomplimentaryactivitiesintheDeptfordCreekarea,andalsoinlocalitiesoutsidethepilotstudylocation.Wealsoreachedouttothewiderneighbourhoodthroughbespokeencounters,includingindividualengagementwith interested parties, and by SPC attending social and publicmeetings hosted by other organisations andpromotingtheMAZIapproachandtoolkitwhenappropriate.Thegoaloftheseinteractionswastoencourageand empower communities to engagewith theMAZI toolkit, and also to provide uswith feedback on theirexperiencestohelpinformthetoolkit’sonwarddevelopment.


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SPCworkedtosupportWP1inthetestingandexperimentationoftheMAZItoolkittounderstanditscapabilitiesandlimitations,andexploredlocalcustomisationssuitableforCreeknetconditions.AcomplementaryactivityinMay-JunewastheexplorationofanOUBluetoothbeaconsystem,previouslyusedtotriggerlanguageactivitiesonsmartphones for language learners travellingaroundMiltonKeynes (http://www.open.ac.uk/blogs/salsa/)andnowconsideredforrepurposingasamechanismfortriggeringlocalstoriesupanddownDeptfordCreekusingthebridgesasfocalpoints,andpotentialsubsequentintegrationwithinMAZI.Inkeepingwiththemaritimemetaphorsbeingusedtobridgeconversations,thiswasrebrandedas‘Anchorholds’.Theresearchteamcametogripswiththesystem,testedanddeployedabeacontrail,andworkedwithcommunityparticipantstopopulatethesmartphoneappwithcontentforeachlocation.Weconsideredthisoneofour‘eddiesofactivity’touseamaritimemetaphor:complementaryworkthattookusbeyondthecoredevelopmentworkbutsoughttogiveus time for reflection, draw in community participation, extend our expertise and help us consider the keypurposesofDIYnetworkinginthecommunitysetting.Anothercomplementarydevelopmentactivitywastheexplorationofanalternative installationroute fortheMAZItoolkitusing‘berryboot’,asystemthatallowsmultiplediskimagestobeheldonthesameRaspberryPi,and for auser tobeable tomovebetweendifferent customisedversionsand choose themost appropriateversionforthem.EvenatthisearlystageofintroducingtheMAZItoolkittothelocalcommunity,wecouldseethattherewerelikelytobearangeofdifferentcustomisationsfordifferentgroups,andaprospectiveparticipantmightwishtoplaywitharangeofexistingvariants.Aconnectionwasmadethroughdisseminationactivitiesby SPC with the owner of a website that hosts different berryboot images (Berryserver:https://berryboot.alexgoldcheidt.com/),whowaskeentohosttheMAZItoolkitimageanddisseminatecurrentversions to his community of Raspberry Pi users. At the time of writing (Dec. 2017), there have been 525downloadsoftheMAZItoolkitfromthissite.Discussionsaroundtherisingneedforsafe,secureandstablealternativestocorporatecloudcomputingledtothefollowinginitiatives:

• TheFriendsofBrookmillParkgroup,andFriendsofDeptfordCreekcurrentlyshareaccesstoSandstormtoolsinstalledonanAtompoweredminiPChostedatSPC,whichiswellsuitedtothetask.Demandsontheserverarecurrentlyverymodestatthispointbutwithnewfriendsgainingskillsandinterestitisanticipatedthatthiswillchange.ThisledtobothgroupsmakinguseoftheEtherpad(sharedauthoringtool), Davros (file store) and Weekan board (list manager) tools at MAZI-Monday meetings andexperimentingwithrespectiveWordPressbasedwebsitesatcommercialwebhosts,whichgeneratedconversationsabouthowthesetoocouldbehostedwithinthealternativeSandstormenvironmentrunbySPC,andwhatthebenefitsandchallengesmightbeinhavingaportableversionheldonRaspberryPIMAZI toolkit. In the caseof FriendsofBrookmill Park, SPCprovided training andhelped reassertcontroloveradormantwebsite,andforFriendsofDeptfordCreek,SPCsetupanewWordPressbasedsiteandencouragedmembers to tell thestoriesof theirboats.Bothgroups,havingbeentrained inusing Etherpad on a MAZI toolkit at MAZI-Monday workshops have used this within the onlineSandstormenvironmentasaninformationresource(e.g.recordingmeetingnotes).

• Deptford Housing Coopmembers shared Fibre-To-The-Cabinet broadband access over a structuredwired network andwireless access system SPC installed in 2003 and continues tomaintain.Over ahundredpeopleadayrelyoncontinuityofaccessfortheirweb,mailandmedianeeds.MorerecentrequestsforsharedresourcesandserviceshavemostlybeenmetwithadditionofanotherSandstormserverhereveryrecently,andopenedanopportunitytodiscussthepotentialoftheMAZItoolkittosupportknowledgesharingamongstcooperativemembers.

ByprovidingtechnicaltrainingandguidancefortoolsthatbothappearintheMAZItoolkit,butalsoonline,weincreasedcapacityinparticipants’currentworkingpracticeswiththeambitionthatthiswouldalsoincreasetheirconfidenceinexploringtheMAZItoolkitandreflectingonDIYnetworking.

6.3 Outcomes

InPhase2,wecontinuedtoextendourinvitationtolocalgroupstofindoutaboutDIYnetworking,andworkingonbuilding relationships across theDeptfordCreek area to help build a senseof collective awareness. WedemonstratedtheMAZItoolkitanditsdevelopingfunctionalities,employingitwithinMAZI-Mondaymeetingsandbeginninginitialdeploymentsincommunitysettings.


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EngagingcommunitiesdirectlywithDIYnetworking technologieswassometimesachallenge.Werecognisedthattheleveloftechnicalexpertiseacrossparticipatinggroupswasnotalwayshigh,oftenalongwithlimitedself-confidenceandcompoundedbylimitedtimeavailabilityduetoothercommitments(e.g.“Ifinditreallyhardtothinkdigitally”).However,ourparticipantswereactivewithinthelocalneighbourhoodasactivists,volunteers,andartists,sothephilosophyof‘doingityourself’andnetworkingatalocallevelwasalreadyembraced,andengagedwellwith theMAZIpilot ‘DIYnetworking’activities,participating in theMAZI-Mondaysand specificactionssuchastheHoyStepsclear-up.Thisactedasthebridgingpointintointroducinghowlocalnetworkingtechnologies might support local activities as well as responding to the MAZI framings: triggering contactbetweenpeoplewhomightotherwisenotmeet,sharinginformationandknowledge,andtriggeringdiscourse.Digitaltechnologiesarepartofmostoftheparticipants’lives,withmanyusingsmartphonesaspartoftheirdailypractices:indeedthiswasthemostcommonplatformbroughttoMAZI-Mondaysandpresentedwhenweaskedpeople to tryconnecting to theMAZI toolkit.Manyparticipantsuse internetbasedservices (e.g.email,webbrowsing,socialmedia)aspartoftheirdailyactivitiesandsothe ideaofdigitalnetworkingtofacilitate localprocesseswaswellunderstood,thoughthe‘appetite’toexplorebeyondcurrentpracticesvaried.Therewasarecognitionofthepotential issuesofsharingdataviacommercialcloudbasedservicesbutlessconfidenceintryingoutalternatives:welearnedthecasehastobewellmade.ItwasclearthatmechanismswererequiredtohelppeopletothepointofbeingabletoengagewiththeMAZItoolkit,overcomingtheirfearoftheperceivedcomplexities.Havingintroduced‘pretotyping’asausefulconceptinPhase1,wefoundittobeofcontinuedvaluetoexplorewhatmighttoolsandconfigurationsmightsupportlocalpurposes,andtoelicitfeedbackontheprototypesystemthatcouldbefedbacktodevelopers.Pretotypingworkednotonlyasameansofdescribingwhatsystemsmighteventuallylooklikeandsupportbutalsotoprovidealessforbiddingmechanismforencouragingparticipationandbuildingconfidence.Greatestengagementwiththetoolkitwasachievedwhenresonatingwithimmediatecommunityconcernsandcurrent points of focus.Web based self-publishing (e.g. promoting a group’s activities), knowledge capture(gathering together communitymemories of theMinesweeper) and collaborative recording ofmeetings (toorganiseresponsestodevelopers)wererecognisableandformedthebasisoftrainingandexploration.Levelsofenthusiasmvaried,andwerecognisedthatthesewereinpartduetotheconcernsoftheirparticipantsabouttheirperceivedlevelsoftechnicalabilityandconfidence,andalsothechallengeofaskingnon-expertstoengagewithatoolkitunderdevelopment.ParticipantswerewillingtotryoutandexploretheMAZItoolkitinworkshops,andprovidedvaluablefeedbackontheirexperiences,whichwerefedbacktothedevelopmentteam.TheyweremorecautiousabouttryingoutMAZItoolkits intheirownpractices,whichmightbeexpectedaswehadindicatedthetoolkitwasstillunderdevelopmentandnotinitsfinalform.Furthermore,evenatthisstageofearlyintroduction,participantsaskedaboutthelong-termsupportofthesystem:woulditstillbesupportedbytheresearchteamaftertheprojectperiodhadended?Thesustainabilityoftechnologiesandcommunityinitiativesisaliveconcerninthislocality.However,twoinstallationswerecarriedoutandhaveprovidedvaluableinsightsarounddeploymentinalivesetting:feedbackhasbeenprovidestotheMAZItechnicaldevelopers.Training in self-publishing (Wordpress) was well received and a number of groups began to engage withalternativestocloudcomputing,usingservicesprovidedbySPCthatappear intheMAZItoolkit. Withintheopensessions,werecognisedthatwewerecarryingoutmultipleactivities:discussingcommunityneedsandDIYnetworking; eliciting feedbackon theMAZI toolkitunderdevelopment; andalsoencouraging theuseof thetoolkitasitstoodtorespondtoactualcommunityneeds.ThisledustoconsiderorganisingmoretightlyfocussedsessionsforPhase3.Thelessonwetookawayfromtheseencountersasapilotwasthatyoucan’trushatanyofthesesolutionsinthehopethatalldifficultiesandobstructionstocommunicationfadetotransparencyoncontact.Workinglocallyandacknowledginglimitedabilities,preservingastrongsenseofrespectandappreciationforprivacyconcerns,demandsattentionandrequiresdedicationofeffortonusall.


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7. Cross-fertilisationcommunityengagementevent(June,2017)

In June2017,TheCreeknetpilothostedaMAZIcross-fertilisationevent (respondingtoTask3.3of theMAZIDoW).WedecidedtoactivelyinvolveCreeknetparticipants,andthepreparationandrunningoftheeventactedasafocusforactionwithintheCreeknetpilotduringYear2.ThisgaveusantheopportunitytoaddanotherdimensiontoourengagementwithCreeknetparticipants,enablingthemtoengagewithDIYnetworkersfromelsewhereinMAZIandtheMAZIAdvisoryBoard;andtoinstigateexchangeswiththewiderpopulationofbothDeptfordCreek,andinterestedcommunityandDIYnetworkingactivistsfromacrossLondon.Wereportonthecrossfertilisationeventinoutline,andactivitiesasrelatedtotheCreeknetpilot.MorereportingoftheeventcanbefoundinWP3deliverables.

7.1 Activities

TheCreeknetresearchteamfocussedonpreparationforthecrossfertilizationeventasamajoractivityduringMayandJune2017.Keyactivitiesintheleaduptotheeventwere:

• EncouragementoflocalparticipationtoclearandopenuptheHoySteps• Development of the Anchorholds system as ameans of structuring a tour around Deptford Creek, and

publishingstories• CapturinganddrawingtogetherstoriesandrepresentationsoftheCreekThecross-fertilisationeventwasrunovertwodays,movingbetween locationswhereMAZIeventshadbeenpreviouslyheldandlinkedtoMAZIparticipants.Day1:

• IntroductiontoMAZIandDeptfordCreekatTheHoyCafeincludingdisplaysandpresentationsbylocalartistsandMAZIparticipantsKarenBarnesandGordonCooper

• WorkshopwithbreakoutsessionsdiscussingthemeaningofthemesunderpinningMAZI(DIYnetworking,social cohesion, conviviality, knowledgesharing,andsustainability) followedupbyeachgroup reportingbackonthekeypointsdiscussed

• Openconversations,demonstrations,andviewingoftheHoySteps• ‘Low tide walk’ from the Creekside Discovery Centre along the Creek river bed exploring the local

environmentandseeingDeptfordCreekfromanotherperspective.LearningaboutCDC’sparticipation inMAZI and the potential use of DIY technology to gather species information and environmental data,extendingCDCsofferingtoschoolsandthelocalcommunity.

Day2:

• MAZIpartnersreportingonthefourdifferentpilottrials,andoverviewoftheMAZItoolkit,attheStephenLawrenceCentre,followedbyaquestionsandanswerssessionaboutchallengesandlessonslearned.

• Hands-onDIYMAZItoolkitsession• PicnicinBrookmillParkandinformalbreakoutsessions• IntroductiontoRedStartArtsandtheirworkintheBrookmillParkwarden’shut• Anchorholds tour: use of location-triggered stories, and physical bridges as both an actual tour and

metaphorforbridgingcommunitiesinandaroundtheCreekFigures6and7illustratethetimelineofeventsandhowtheywereplannedintermsofprovidingopportunitiesfordifferentdimensionsofengagement(i.e.‘talkto’,‘talkwith’and‘dostuff’).


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Figure6:Illustratingtheactivitiesthattookplaceduringday1oftheCross-fertilizationevent

Figure7:IllustratingtheactivitiesthattookplaceduringDay2oftheCross-fertilizationevent

As an event focussed on knowledge exchange, we were keen to encourage interactions between differentparticipants, so ensured we had a balance of presentations (‘talking to’ participants) information exchangeopportunities(‘talkwith’)andhand-onactivitieswhereparticipantswouldhavetoengagewithataskandeachother(‘dostuff’).Toencourageconversationsweofferedarangeofstickersrepresentingdifferentidentitiesandencouragedparticipantstochoosethosewithwhichtheyself-identified(Figure8),includingplayful,place-basedandprofessionaloptions.


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Figure8:Stickersforparticipantstochooseanddisplaytheiridentityatthecross-fertilisationevent

WewantedtopresentabroadrangeofDIYculturesanddecoratedthevenueswithphotographyandartfromlocalartists,andhadopeningpresentationsfromMAZIparticipantsKarenBarnesandGordonCooperwhotalkedabouttheirartpractice,DIYculture,andhowtheywereworkingwithMAZI.Karenbroughtalonghermobilecameraobscura(aboxapproximately2mx1.5mx1.5m)intowhichwewereplanningtomountaMAZIzone.CreeksideDiscoveryCentrediscussedhownetworkingtechnologiesmightbeusedintheircontexttogatherdataabouttheenvironmentandCashfromRedstartArtsopenedtheparkwarden’shutinBrookmillParktoshowtheworkbeingcreatedbyherartgroup(developinganddeliveringvisualartsforadultswithlearningdifficulties).ParticipantsattheeventwereaskedtoparticipateinDIYnetworkingbyworkingwitheachothertoconstructtheirownfoldedpaperinformationguidestotheevent,usingbookleteer(https://bookleteer.com/),asystemcreatedbylocalartist/activistsProbosciswhichenablestheoutputfromdigitalmedia(e.g.WordPressposts)toaleaflet.ThishasbeenusedinadiverserangeofenvironmentsfromurbangeographyprojectsinLondontoengaging indigenous populations in the Amazon and was brought to our attention by one of the projectoriginators attending a MAZI-Monday meeting. It was identified as a useful mechanism for disseminatinginformation,butalso,byitsverynatureasaDo-It-Yourselfoutput,anartefactthatwouldbothresonatewiththephilosophyoftheMAZIprojectandactasaboundaryobjectbetweenthetechnologicalworldoftheMAZItoolkitandthecreativeworldofmanyofourparticipants.Theactofparticipantsworkingtogethertomaketheirownleaflet,sharingtheknowledgeofhowtodoit,wasasuccessfulice-breakeractivityresultinginconversationexchangesaswell asperhapsmorecarefulexaminationofourdisseminated information than if apre-madeleafletorwebsitehadbeenprovided(seeFigure9fortheleafletproduced).


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Figure9:TheLondonCrossFertilisationeventinformationbrochure-createdasaBookleteerleaflet

The official map of the event was produced by MAZI participants and artists the Minesweeper Collective,providingtheirinterpretationoftheDeptfordCreekgeography,andMAZIDIYnetworkingactivityintheareas:interpretedas‘batcave’technologyhubs(Figure10).


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Figure10:RepresentationoftheCreeknetareaandwirelessnetworkinginitiativebyartistsoftheMinesweeper

Collective

CommunitymappingwasakeyactivitywithintheeventwithparticipantsaskedtoannotatemapslocatingtheMAZIthemesofsocialcohesion,conviviality,knowledgesharing,andsustainablelivingintheDeptfordCreekarea(Figure11).‘Mapping’throughstorytellingalsohappenedthroughthevisitstolocationsupanddowntheCreek.ThevisittotheHoySteps,forexample,notonlytriggeredadebateabouttherightofaccesstotheCreek,butalsostoriesaboutthehistoryofwaterboatmenandtheirworkbyoneofourparticipantswhohadworkedformostofhislifeontheriver.


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Figure11:ExploringhowMAZIthemesmightmaptolocalunderstandingsofDeptfordCreek

TheCreeknetpilothasemphasisedself-publishingasamechanismtoenablegroups’voicestobeheard,andtosupporttheexchangeofknowledgealongDeptfordCreek.OnemechanismwehavebeenexploringhasbeentousethebridgesovertheCreekasalinkingmechanismanddistributinginformationandknowledgesharingpointsalong theCreek, initiallyusing theOpenUniversitydevelopedSALSAbeaconssystemandonwardsexploringwhether this may be linked into the MAZI offering. The initial prototype was demonstrated at the cross-fertilisationeventaspartofaguidedwalk,takingparticipantsalongthetrailwithcontentgatheredbytheteamsofar(Figure12).


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Figure12:AnchorholdtrailalongDeptfordCreek

7.2 Outcomes

Over 40 people attended the cross-fertilisation event during the two days, including MAZI partners, MAZIparticipants, local residentsofDeptford andothers interested inDIYnetworking. Thedecision tousepublicvenues was validated by the attendance of people who engaged in the event after passing by. CreeknetparticipantsweregiventheopportunitytointeractwiththewiderMAZIprojectandbothlearnaboutthebiggerpicture,andpresenttheiractivities,ambitionsandchallengesinitsphysicalcontext.SomeofthemostvaluedinteractionstookplaceininformalbreakoutsessionsincludinglunchtimeconversationsattheHoySteps,andthepicnicinBrookmillPark.TheeventhadacatalysingeffectontheCreeknetpilot:therewasthesenseofanimmutabledeadlinetoworktowardswhichbothpushedforwardworkbutalsochangedtherhythmofactivitiessofar.TheopeningoftheHoyStepsbroughtarangeofpeopletogetherbothinaction(theclearup,andsettingupofaMAZIzone)andalsotriggeredanexchangeofstoriesabouttheareaanddebateaboutrightsofaccess.TheambitiontoruntheAnchorholdsbeaconssystemwaspartiallyfulfilled:settingupthebeaconsystemwasmoretimeconsumingandproblematicthanexpectedand identifiedtheneedforbetteronwarddocumentation.GeneratingcontenttodescribelocalitiesreliedmorethanexpectedontheSPCteamandledtoreflectiononhowweencouragegreaterlevelsofself-publishingbycommunitygroups.However,byallowingabroaderdiscussionofDIYnetworkingtotakeplace,theeventallowedforaricherdiscussionofthediversityofmethods,approaches,andmechanismsthatmight constitute ‘DIYnetworking’ andaswell aspromoting theMAZIprojectand theMAZI toolkit alsoallowedforexchangesfromallparticipants’experiences,thatwillinformtheongoingCreeknetandwiderMAZIwork(e.g.BerlinMAZIpartnersexpressedaninteresttoadoptthebookleteertoolintheirpractices).Attendance


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bylocalswasnotashighattheeventashoped,andthisrequiresconsiderofhowwepromoteeventsinfuture,andhowtoarticulatethevalueofevents.TheeventbroughtintofocustheearlierproposedCreeknetscenariosandreflectionsuponthechallengeswhichneedtobeovercometogaintheirachievement.


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8. Phase3:IntegratedMAZItrials(JulytoDecember,2018)

Phase 3 of the Creeknet pilot extended trials of the MAZI toolkit across the Creeknet area, building onconversationsdevelopedthroughPhase1andPhase2.TheMAZItoolkitwasundercontinuousdevelopmentduring this period, and newer releases of the toolkit were trialled as they were released, both with MAZIparticipantsandalsobytheCreeknetteam.PromotionoftheMAZItoolkitandapproachwascarriedoutbothwithintheDeptfordCreekareaandbeyond.FeedbackfromparticipantsandtheresearchteamwaspresentedbacktotheMAZItechnicalteam.

8.1 Activities

During the secondhalfof Year2, the focusof theCreeknetpilot shifted todeployingMAZIzonesacross theDeptfordCreekareawithparticipantswhohadindicatedaninterestintriallingthesystem.Theseledfromearlierengagement activities including developments from scenarios discussed between the research team andparticipantsreportedoninD2.4(‘Sensingthecreek’,‘Communityinformationexchange’,‘theNetworkedbirdbox’,‘TheDatamine’,and‘Beaconsonthebridge’).FiveMAZIzonesweredeployedanddevelopedduringthisperiod. TheMAZI toolkit itself was under ongoing development by the technical team andmoving throughreleasecyclesatthistime.TheCreeknetteamcarriedouttestingandtriallingofthetoolkitreleases,providingfeedbacktotheMAZItechnicalteamfromtheirownexperiencesandthoseofcommunityparticipantstestingfieldinstallationsoftheMAZItoolkit;andinparallel,exploringlocalcustomisations(addingadditionalservices,exploringconfigurations).Table2:DeploymentsofMAZIzonesinDeptfordCreekareainPhase3

Deployment Setting Description ofsetting

Purpose ofMAZIzone

Keytools

EileenFord Karen Barnes(artist)’sMAZIzone

Portable device tobe attached tocameraobscura

(1)Capture ofimages as part ofartistic process (2)Promotion ofartist’swork

V2.0ofMAZItoolkit

WonkyProng Wonky Prong,Crossfields EstateGardens

Communitygardeningproject

(1)Monitoringenvironment andimagecapture

V1.8.5 of MAZItoolkit

RedstartArts Redstart Arts,BrookmillPark

ParkWarden’shut,venue forcommunity artsgroup

(1)Informationrepository (2)Dissemination ofactivities to parkvisitors

V2.0ofMAZItoolkit

SolarRoller SELCE (South EastLondonCommunityEnergy)

Portable device:kept with SELCE’smobilesolarpowersystem

(1)Promotion ofSELCE’s activitiesand ‘Solar Roller’(mobilesolarpanelenergy source foroutdoorevents)

Installed August2017. V2.0 ofMAZItoolkit

PinkPalace Pink Palace,CrossfieldsEstate

Community centrein large socialhousingestate

(1)Informationrepository (2)Knowledgesharing

InstalledSeptember2017. V2.0 ofMAZItoolkit

• EileenFord:KarenBarnesisalocalartistthathasbeenbuildingabodyofworkusingcameraobscuraandpinholecameras.ShecurrentlyresidesavanthatshehasnamedEileenFord,whichfunctionsasa livingspaceandapinholecamera.ThisMAZIdeploymentenablesarchivingandpromotionofherworkandweareexploringthepotentialofusingtheMAZIcamerainlowlighttocaptureimageswhenmountedinher


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mobileboxcameraobscura,whichcanthenbepresentedwithinaMAZIgallery.Thiscouldbeconsideredresponding to the scenario ‘Community Information Exchange’ but extended to explorepromotion/archivingofanartist’spractice,anduseofthecameraaspartofanartisticprocesses.

• Wonky Prong: community garden in Crossfields Estate, a large housing estate in Deptford. The originalintentionwasforTerrythegardenertocapturewildlifeactivityinthegardenandsharedwithpassers-by.Challengesofgainingaccesstopowerandinternetatthesiteandconcernsabouttheftofequipmenthasmeantthatthisiscurrentlybeingusedtocaptureimagesofwildlifevisitingawindowledgebirdfeeder.Thisinstallationrespondstothescenario‘Networkedbirdbox’andhasrequiredtheteamtothinkaboutpowerandinternetbackhaulincommunitysettingsandhardwareweatherproofingandsecuringequipmentwhereitmightbestolen.

• RedstartArts:locatedintheparkwarden’shut,BrookmillPark.SPChasworkedwithCashAspeektomaketheparkwarden’shutsuitableasacommunityartsvenueforRedstartArts,workingwithadultartistswithlearningdifficulties.ConversationswithCashledtodiscussionsaboutDIYnetworkingandhowaMAZIzonemightpromotetheactivitiesofthegrouptopassers-by:aMAZIzonehassincebeeninstalled.RedstartArtshavebeenconstructingwoodenbirdboxesandthishasledtodiscussionsaroundtheideaofnetworkedbirdboxes.Workinginanisolatedlocation,thereareissuesaroundinternetconnectivity,butalsopersonalsafety and security of the group, so there have been discussions around using cameras for CCTV. Thisresponds to the scenarios ‘Community Information Exchange’, ‘Networked Birdbox’ and also exploresfurtheruseofthecamera,weatherproofedcasings,andmanaginginternetconnectivity.ThisspaceisalsousedbyFriendsofBrookmillPark(seeFigure13).

• SolarRoller:SouthEastLondonCommunityEnergy(SELCE)haveaportablesolarpowersystemthatcanbehiredouttopowerevents.OneofthedirectorsisalsopartoftheMinesweeperCollective.AMAZIzonehasbeeninstalledwiththeSolarRollertopromoteSELCE’swork,andopportunitytohiretheequipment.Thisrespondstothescenario‘CommunityInformationExchange’andhasalsoenabledustofurtherconsideroff-gridpowering.James(SPC)hasattendedaworkshoprunbyanotherorganisationonDIYconstructionofsolarpanels,withthegoalofenablingtheMAZIzonetobesolarpowered.

• ThePinkPalace is a community centre in a social housing scheme,Crossfields Estate. SPC supports thisorganisationby supporting their internet infrastructure.There isadesire in theorganisation forgreatertenants’communicationandaMAZIzonehasbeensetupasacommunityinformationexchange.

Figure13:FriendsofBrookmillParkmeetinginthewarden’shut,withRedstartArtsartworkaroundthewalls.

8.2 Disseminationandengagementactivities(eddiesofactivity)

TherehasbeenongoingengagementwithCreeksideDiscoveryCentre (CDC),withSPChelping support theirnetwork infrastructure (they are an OWN subscriber) and repairing Jake Strickland’s environmental sensor(described in D2.4). There is continued interest in Creeknet deploying MAZIzones with sensors to gatherenvironmental data, something that the MAZI toolkit is currently developing. However, this ongoing


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conversationhasopeneduprelationshipwithanOpenUniversityresearcher,TrevorCollins,whohasdevelopedanofflinenetworkingsystemtosupportstudentscollectingspeciesidentificationdatawhileonfieldwalksandlogging it througha centraldevice, created for theUKFieldStudiesCouncil. This alternativeDIYnetworkingimplementationiscurrentlybeingrepurposedfortriallingbyCDC.WhileitisunlikelythatthisspecificsystemwillbeincorporatedintotheMAZItoolkit,itprovidesacomplementarydatafeedthatincreasesthevalueofaMAZIzone sensor system for CDC and has developed conversations and reflection about the breadth ofapproachestoDIYnetworking.Thisworkisrespondingtothescenario“Riversensor”.SPChasalsobeendevelopingthenetworkinfrastructureofDeptfordhousingco-operative,whichwillenablelaterinstallationofaMAZIzone(aimedforPhase4ofMAZI)andtheyhaveactivelyengagedineffortstofacilitatecrossfertilizationwithotherMAZIpilotsandrequestsfromexternalstakeholderstogetinvolved.Beyondtheimmediategeographicalfocusofthepilotstudylocation,therehavebeenopportunitiestoengagewithMAZIactivitieselsewhere,andthesehaveprovidedvaluableinsightsintotheCreeknetwork.Table3,below,summarisestheMAZIzonesactivelydevelopedbeyondthecorefocusoftheCreeknetpilotduringPhase3.Table3:DeploymentsofMAZIzonesbyCreeknetdevelopedbeyondthecorefocusoftheDeptfordCreekpilotinPhase3.

Deployment Setting Descriptionofsetting PurposeofMAZIzone

Keytools

UnMonastery KokkinopilosUnMonasteryinstallation,Greece

MAZIzoneforPilot4,UMKokkinopilos

(1)Informationrepository(2)Knowledgesharing

InstalledbyPaulClayton,May2017andfollowedupwithsummervisits

MayDayRooms MayDayRoomsreadingroom,centralLondon

Community/activistcentreengagedinsocialactionandarchiving

(1)Informationrepository(2)Knowledgesharing(presentingcatalogueofnewacquisitions)

InstalledJuly2017.V2.0ofMAZItoolkit

Kimchi CentralSt.MartinsSchoolofArt,London

Collaborationwith3DdesigncourseatLondonartcollege

Explorationofpotentialtosupportcommunityknowledgesharingandphotogrammetry

InstalledOctober2017.V2.0ofMAZItoolkitwithSPCcustomisations(berryboot,WordPress,Twine)

Reverso(x10) CommunitysettingsinSaoPaulo,Brazil

BritishCouncilfundedprojectledbyCentralStMartinsSchoolofArt

Communityknowledgerepositories,archiving,rightstothecity

December2017.V2.0ofMAZItoolkitwithSPCcustomisations

8.2.1 UnMonasteryKokkinopilospilotvisitsPaulClayton(SPC)visitedtheUnmonastery/Napierpilot(Task2.4)inKokkinopilos,Greece,threetimes(April,June,September)toexchangeideasandprovideexpertisederivedfromtheCreeknetpilot,whichhadstartedearlierintheMAZItimelineandcouldthereforeinformthelaterUnmonastery/Napierpilot.Thiswasasuccessfulexample ofMAZI knowledge exchange between pilots. During the initial visits Paul helped unMonastery tofacilitate meet-ups using a similar format to the Creeknet MAZI-Mondays; explore the functionality of theapplications within theMAZI toolkit, including polling tools (LimeSurvey), shared authoring (Etherpad), anddocumentrepositories(Owncloud);realiseopportunitiesfordevelopingawebsite;andestablisharepositoryoflocaloralhistorytoengagelocalsandvisitors.


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Paul introduced the Creeknet pretotyping methodology, which then collaboratively developed into anUnMonastery‘pre-tech’process.Thisinvolvedinitialengagementwithlocalcommunitiesanddiscussingissuesusingartefactsandtoolsthatare low-tech:forexample,bystartingtheprocessofknowledgesharingwithapaperscrapbookthatlocalscancontributeto,beforeproceedingtowardsuploadingthecontentandmaintainingresourcesdigitallywithinaMAZIzone.Inonecasearoomwasturnedintoan‘analogueMAZI-toolkit’.Fourblogpostsdescribingthisworkcanbefoundhere:http://www.mazizone.eu/2016/07/19/from-creeknet-to-unmonastery/http://www.soulchip.co.uk/adventures-in-olympus/http://www.soulchip.co.uk/mountain-revisited/http://www.soulchip.co.uk/goodbye-kokkinopolis/8.2.2 UnMonasteryTsepelovopilotvisitJamesStevens(SPC)visitedthesecondunMonasteryTestlabassociatedwithMAZI,inTsepelovoGreece(26thOctoberto2ndNovember).AswithPaul’searliervisitstoKokkinopilos,thepurposewastoprovideexpertisegainedthroughtheCreeknetpilot,assistwithsettingupaMAZIzone,andtoexchangeknowledgeandpracticesbetweenthetwopilots.TheMAZIzonewasadvertisedbyputtinguppostersaroundtheareainvitingeveryoneto try the process and message the ‘Platanos’ tree (the focus of the village centre, the space where thecommunitygathers).Thiswasthefirststeptowardamorecomprehensiveinteractionandinformationserviceforthevillagesquare.UsingsimilarmethodsusedinCreeknetJamesalsointroducedTestlabparticipantstotheMAZItoolkitandparticipatedinUnMonasteryactivities.Ablogpostdescribingthisworkcanbefoundhere:http://wrd.spc.org/tsepelovo-test/AswellastheUnMonasteryvisits,theCreeknetteam(OUandSPC)alsoarrangedinformalcross-fertilisationandknowledge exchange meetings during the year with Napier University (the collaborating pilot partner withUnMonastery)takingadvantageofunrelatedworkvisitstoeachothers’cities.Thisenabledustostrengthentiesbetweenthepilots,keepinformedofprogressandconsidercommonalities.8.2.3 MayDayRoomsMayDayRoomsisaneducationalcharityandactivistcentreinFleetStreet(centralLondon)hostinganarrayofarchiveactivation,culturalcollaborationandsocialinterventionprocesses.James(SPC)hasbeensupportingthegroupwith itsneed fornetwork resources, securemessaging, administrationsandprojectmanagementandcollectivedevelopmenttoolsandhasintroducedaMAZIzoneandastoolthatmayprovidetheplatformfortheseneeds.8.2.4 CentralSt.Martins:studentengagementandSaoPaulofavelasrightstothecity

James (SPC)hasworkedwithCentralSt.MartinsSchoolofArt (CSM),LondonexploringhowDIYnetworkingmightbeemployedintheirpractice.Thisresultedinaworkshopattendedbystudents,tutorsandsupportedbyMarkGaved(OU),focussedarounddiscussionsofDIYnetworkingandthesettingupandhandingoveroftheMAZIzone‘Kimchi’forstudentsonthe3Ddesigncoursetoexploreandappropriate.Central St. Martins led a British Council funded project working with leaders of favelas (informal urbansettlements)inSaoPaulo,Braziltoenabletheirworkinassertingtheirrightstothecityforparticipatinggroups(seeFigure14).James(SPC)wasinvitedasanexperttoleadactivitiesaroundDIYnetworkinginthevisittoSaoPaolo,alongwithCSMstaff.JamesledworkshopsinDecember2017,atvariouslocationsexploringtheuseoftheMAZItoolkitasacommunityarchiveandknowledgeexchangeanddiscussionofDIYnetworkingingeneral,andworkedwithCSMstafftoinvestigateiftheMAZItoolkitcameracouldbeusedforphotogrammetry(creationof3Dcompositeimagesfrommultiple2Dcamerashots).


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Figure14:MapoflocationsofparticipatinggroupsinSaoPaulo,Brazil

Theworkshopstookplaceacross3partneredsitesinSaoPaulo:MauaOccupiedHouse;CasaRedonda/PedroCasemiroLeiteHighSchool;andWorkersInquiry,andengagedwithactivistsandarchivalmaterialcollectedfromthelocalarea.DIYnetworkingwasintroducedasaconcepttoparticipants,andtheywerehelpedinsettingupand configuring their own MAZIzone, which was given to them to populate with local content. The MAZIcollectionswerehandedovertobedistributedaroundthecitytosignificantsitesofpoliticalstruggleswhichthematerials in the collection relate to. These libraries will be open to anyone over theMAZI’'s own wirelessconnection.TenMAZIzonesweresetupanddistributed, includingsolarpowerunits, thesearedescribed inAppendixB.FurtherinformationabouttheworkshopscanbefoundatthewebsitesetupbySPCfortheaction:http://reverso.resourceforge.org/workshops/

8.3 Outcomes

ThissectionpresentsasummaryofthefeedbackwegainedduringPhase3ofthepilot.Datawasgatheredviaparticipant observation during workshops, recorded in field notes; and through semi-structured interviews,carriedoutwiththemostactiveparticipantsandthosewhoagreedtotrialaMAZItoolkit.InterviewswerecarriedoutwithSPCas ‘expertwitnesses’ toreflectuponactivitiesandtheir interpretationof the interactionsusingsocial,andtechnical framings.Wecarriedout3semi-structured interviewswithpeoplethattookpart inourintegratedtrials,2interviewswithMAZIparticipantsaboutDIYnetworkingandlocalchallenges,andaseriesofongoinginterviewswithSPC.8.3.1 ReflectionsonDIYnetworkingEngagementwithcommunityparticipantsanddeploymentofMAZIzoneshasstimulateddiscussionaboutthepotential benefits of DIY networking addressing the themes identified in the Description ofWork (Contact,Information,DiscourseandKnowledgeSharing).MAZIzones that have been deployed are seeing initial usage, e.g. “UndercurrentsMAZIzone -we have beenrecordingtheopenmicnightsforthelastthreeweeksandthenusingthatboxtoleavesomeofitup.Sothat’savailableinthepub.[..]peoplehavetoldmetheyhaveloggedon”(MAZIasmeansofINFORMATION,buildingasenseofcollectiveawareness).TheexplorationoftheWonkyProngcommunitygardenMAZIzone,currentlycapturingwildlifeimagesusingthecamera,hasalsoopenedupconversationsaroundDISCOURSEaswellasCONTACT:"itcouldbeanintroductionthing,youknowifyouloggedon[youwouldfindoutthattherearecommunitygarden[s]here”.


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Similarly,CONTACTbetweenpeoplehasbeendiscussedintermsofbuildingrelationshipsacrossexistingandincomingresidentsandenablingKNOWLEDGESHARING:e.g."Itmighthelpthenewcomersintegrate,itwouldbegreatiftherewasstuffattheBirdsNest[pubandartgallery]toexplainabitaboutthehistory".MAZI’sDIYnetworkingisidentifiedaspartofanongoingactionwithintheDeptfordCreekareaandanumberofparticipantsalreadyidentifiedthemselvesas‘DIYNetworkers’throughtheirpriorengagementwithSPCandtheOWN(OpenWirelessNetwork).Thisidentitydoesnotrelyonpersonaltechnicalexpertise;onecanalignwiththe philosophy of self-provisioning and be part of a community of technology underpinned DIY networkersregardlessof technicalability.However, thisdoes lead to self-reflectiveconcernsbyparticipantsabout theircapabilitytofullyengageinallprocessesandassuchwhethertheyarethe‘right’peopletotakepartinMAZI.‘DIYnetworking’ as a concept is seenasmore than just technological innature.Participants referred to theimportance of the social interactions, and the benefits achieved through the engagement with the DIYnetworkingactivities(e.g.greatercontactwithothersintheneighbourhood,interactions,mutualsupport,andknowledge sharing as a result) as well as actions directly mediated via networking technologies. Contact,information, knowledge sharing, and discourse are seen as happening independent of the DIY networkingtechnologiesaswellasthroughit.SPCreferstothe‘clearingoftheways’,actionsthatleadtoconversationsandfurtheractivities,andcommunityengagementactionshaveactedasacatalystforengagementwithMAZIandDIYnetworkinginthebroadersenseaswell as specificMAZIzone deployments. The clearing of the Hoy Steps has been referred to in Section 6previously.ThroughPhase2andPhase3,supportingtheopeningupoftheParkWarden’sHutinBrookmillParkforRedstartArtsactivatedconversationsforhowDIYnetworkingtechnologiesmightsupportactivitiesthere:“...[we]alreadyhadpermissiontousethehutbutsomehowitreallygotitgoingbyhavingJamesaround,thatenergy,becausehehasalotofenergyandheputalotofenergyintoit,andIdidn’tfeellikeIwasdoingitonmyownanditreallydidgetthatgoing”.RedstartArt’ssessionsinBrookmillParkencouragedmorepeopleintotheparkitself“Givingpeopleareasontocomeandhavealook,bringpeopleinthatwouldn’tnormallycomehere,generatesinterestincreativity,givespeoplesomethingtomoanabout,thereweretwopeoplethatmoanedaboutthebirds[art]butoutofthehundreds…”.Thishasledtoincreasednumbersofpeopleparticipatingincommunityactionsinthepark:“Generatinginterest,creativity,justthehappening,peopleliking,clearlypeoplecametotherivercleanup,wehadoverahundredpeople for the picnic, [at] previous picnics there have been 6 to 20 people, this time over one hundred”. AMAZIzonehasnowbeensetupanddiscussionofhowtheirbirdboxmakingworkshopsmightleadtonetworkingtoolstoobservebirdactivitiesisunderway:“Puttingcamerasinbirdboxes...Iseethataseducational.Wewouldbeabletoseewhat’sgoingon.Thattoofeedsintotheideaofdoingfamilyworkshops,orsomethingthatcouldgoonthewebsite,oronFacebook,justinformationsopeoplethink‘Wowthat’shappeninginthepark!’,thoseunseenthings,it’slikealleducation,itjustmakesyouawareofitdoesn’tit”.Thereisarecognitionthatrelationshipshavetobemanagedsensitively,andtheMAZIteamneedstobecarefulnot tobe “toomuchof a salesman”. SPC, as a local community technologyorganisationhas tobalance thepromotionoftheprojectagainstlongtermcommitmentswithinDeptfordandhencechoosingtheappropriatemomenttoengagecommunitymembersisimportant:“nottoevenmentioniteventhoughIhaveitwithmeandIknowit'savailable,untilIthinkthereisaglimmerofcomprehension,recognitionorappetiteforanythingatallthenIamnotgoingtoeventroublepeoplewithit”.AnumberoftechnicalandsocialinsightswereidentifiedasaresultofactivitiesundertakeninPhase3andthesearenowdiscussed.8.3.2 Technicalinsights

InPhase3,therewasanincreasedfocusonexplorationsoftheMAZItoolkitincommunitysettings,whilewecontinued with the work activities identified in Phases 1 and 2 (e.g. community outreach to new groups,introduction of MAZI and DIY networking as concepts, and pretotyping). With the MAZI toolkit underdevelopmentandmovingthroughanumberofreleases,challengesthathadbeenencounteredinPhase2wereinsomecasesbynowresolved,orunderdevelopmentbythetechnicalteam,thoughadditionalchallengeswererevealedatthisstage.


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ThegreateremphasisonintroducingtheMAZItoolkit,ratherthangeneralconversationsofDIYnetworkingandmediateddemonstrationsofMAZItoolsrevealedthattechnicaltrainingintooluse(e.g.WordPress,theMAZItoolkit interface) to build confidence and competency is required as part of our engagement activities, butconsumesmoretimethanexpected:wearelimitedinthecontacttimewehavecommunitygroups.Thereforethisplacesanemphasisonensuring trainingmaterialsanddocumentation (e.g.guides to tools) can supportindependent learning. As we weremaking the proposition that theMAZI toolkit enables offline operation,networked communication independent of the internet, itwill be important for us going forward to ensurenecessarymaterialisheldasmuchaspossiblewithinthetoolkititselfratherthanviatheinternet:forexample,in a number of community venueswewereworkingwe did not have internet access, andwe can imaginepotentialusescenarioswherealocaladministratormightbeseekingtosetupaMAZIzoneawayfromareliableconnection.TheopportunitytopresenttheMAZItoolkitinBrazilbroughtintofocusthequestionofhowthetoolkitcouldbelocalised,toenableteststobetranslatedintocommunitymothertonguesbylocaladministrators.Thetoolkitalready enabled the translation of key text elements and this stimulated discussion on how comprehensivetranslationsmightbeenabledincludinglanguagesthattheteamwouldnotthemselvesbeabletosupport(wewereaskedforexamplewhetherwemightsupportanindigenousBrazilianlanguage,Tupi-Guarani).

8.3.3 Perceivedsocialbarriers

InPhase3,weexperiencedanumberofperceivedsocialbarriersthatlimitedpotentialengagement.Concern that DIY networking isn’t something for our target users, and a belief that a level of technicalcompetency is required toparticipatewith theMAZI toolkitwhich is beyond their capabilities.Anumberofparticipantsexpressedtheirconcernsthatengagingwithsuchanenvironmentwasdifficult forthem“Idon’tthink I amquite the right person to be involved, I aman idiotwhen comes to computers”. This hints at theimportance of ‘pre-tech’ and introductory sessions encourage participation and build confidence, a greateremphasisontraining,andbettersupportmaterialstobedevelopedandprovidedalongsidethetoolstoreducetheperceivedbarriers.Werecognisethatthetoolkit isunderdevelopmentandsomeof the initialhesitancywhenencounteringprototypeversionswillberesolvedasthesystemmatures.Howeverthisalsoidentifiesthecontinuingneedforpotentialparticipantstoseetherelevanceofthetoolstosolvechallengesintheiralreadybusylives.James(SPC)identifiestheneedforsufficient“appetite”:“thetoolkitworkedfortheUnMonasterygroupbuttheyhadapurposeandanappetiteforit”.ThereisabalancingactwhenengagingpeopleintryingouttheMAZItoolkit:ifpeopledon’thaveaspecificneed,theymaynotwishtoengagewithanadditionaltool forthesakeofengagingwithtechnologyasanend in itself (anautotelicmotivation),howeveriftheircircumstancesaresuchthattheyarestretchedtothelimittheymaynothavethecapacitytoengagewithsomethingthatrequirestoomuchadditionalenergy:“peoplecantuneintoitbuttheythensnapbackintotherealityoftheirlives”.The research team had discussions around how to support initial engagement with potential participantsbeforethedownloadofaMAZItoolkit.Therewasaconcernthattheemphasissofarhasbeenonintroducingthetoolkititself,andto‘buildappetite’therewouldneedtobefurtherworktosupportthestepseventualusersmight go through before this step. Currently, this is managed through personal interactions but we areconsideringhowthismightbesustainedinthelongterm.Thisleadstoanotheridentifiedbarrier:thelackofvisibilityoftheprojectanditsactivitiesintheDeptfordarea.Anumberofparticipantsindicatedtheneedforbettersignage–toletpeopleintheareaknowabouttheprojectand its activities, and to invite people to try outMAZIzone tools. Better promotion is required and lack ofawarenessoftheprojectmaybeabarriertouptake.


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9. Reflections

InthissectionwereflectonkeyelementsofYear2work:communityengagementevents,communitypartnersandtheprojectteam’srelationshipwithlocalgroups,theuseofconceptualframings,factorsaffectinguptake,andsustainability.

9.1 Communityengagementevents

ThroughYear2wehavecontinuedtofocusonreachingouttogroupsandbuildingtrustwithparticipantsthroughcommunityengagementevents.Thishasbeenamoregradualprocessthananticipated,andhenceremainsasignificantelementofourongoingwork, though isappropriate foraparticipatoryaction researchapproach.MAZImeet-upshavecontinuedtofunctionasaboundaryobjectwherethecommunitypartnerSPChaveactedasagentsofchange;bridgingthegapbetweentheproject’sacademicresearchanddevelopmentoftheMAZItoolkit,anditsintroductiontolocalcommunities.OurprimaryvehicleforengagementduringPhase2wastheweeklyMAZImeet-ups(asexplainedinSection6).Thesewereacontinuationofthemeet-ups(‘MAZI-Mondays’) initiatedinPhase1,however, inPhase2thesemovedtoagreaterfocusonDIYnetworkingtechnologies.Thesemeet-upsrepresentedopportunitiesforourcommunities to gain some hands on experience of trying out DIY technologies. They also opened upopportunitiesforustoengageparticipantsinconversationsaboutcommunities’livingconditionsandworkingpractices, andwhat useful tools theymight use. To encourage participation and groundourwork in a localnarrativewealsointroducedtheuseofmaritimemetaphorsasaconceptualframingtohelpexplainthevalueofDIYnetworking.Thesebridginglinguistictools(FuruandSalo,2005)werealsocarriedthroughtothedesignof post-evaluation forms, public events, such as the cross-fertilization symposium, and in our promotion ofCreeknetthroughSPC’sblog(http://wrd.spc.org/).Year2MAZImeet-ups started in thewakeof theburningdownof theMinesweeperboat. This tragiceventbrought localDeptfordcommunities together ina senseof solidarity,providinga rudeawakeningas tohowvulnerablemanyofthecommunitieslivingonandalongtheCreekare,andanumberofparticipantsattendedMAZImeet-ups specifically to show their supportof theMinesweeperCollective. The strategyofusingbothfamiliarandnovelplacesworkedwellandtheregularityof themeetingsresulting inrepeatattendancebyanumberofpeople.Themeet-upsfacilitatedexplorationintothescopethatDIYnetworksandcomplementarysolutionsofferedlocalcommunities,andtherewasactivedebatearoundthevalueforlocalgroupssettingupandmaintainingtheirown technology enhanced networks: we recognise there aremany existing grassroots social networks, andcommunicationtoolsalreadybeingused,andthecasehastobemadeforengagingwithanadditionalsetoftools.Itcannotbetakenforgrantedthatgroupswillwishtodoso:asoneparticipantnoted“Iwillalwaysaskwhy”(regardingcommittingtotakingonanothertool).Thecommunitygroupsweareworkingwithhavelimitedresources and expertise, and have to manage their capacity with care. SPC’s established reputation in theneighbourhoodencouragedattendanceandcuriosity,butthegroupsarepragmaticintheiruptakeofnewtools.AnumberoftheparticipantshavepriorexperienceofDIYnetworkingthroughbeingsubscriberstoSPC’sOWNself-provisioned wireless network, so they are aware of the likely challenges involved in setting up andmaintainingtheirownsystems.Agreater leveloftrustandbelief inthesustainability inasystemisrequiredbeforepeoplearewillingtoexpendenergyandentrustvaluablecommunityresourcestoanetworkedservicethatholdscommunityknowledgethanagreeingtohelpmaintainaninfrastructure(Mulhollandetal.2009)andparticipantswerecautiousaboutwhatanunderdevelopmentMAZIzonemightbeabletooffertoresolvetheirlocalchallenges.Participantswereawareofthepublicdebatearoundthesecurityofnetworkeddataandsurveillanceingeneral.Theyrecognisedthepotentialvalueofanofflinesystemthatenabledlocalstorageandcontrolofdata;however,oneattendeepointedoutthatbeyondbeingoffline,theMAZItoolkitdoesnotasyetprovidefunctionalitiesforensuringdatasecurity(e.g.encryptedcommunicationorstorage).Theconceptofapersonal,mobilenetworkhubwasseenasanattractiveofferingbutthisalsotriggereddebateaboutwhetheritcouldbeconnectedtothebroaderinternet,therangeofanindividualMAZIzone,andwhetheritispossibletoconnecttogethernetworksofMAZIzonestoextendrangeacrossalargergeographicalarea.DemonstrationMAZIzoneswereactivatedatallMAZIeventsandparticipantswereencouragedtoexplorethetoolsavailable.Participantfeedbackwascollected


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ontoolswascollectedandreportedbacktothetechnicalteamthroughtheestablishedchannels:atechnicalmailinglist,andgithubissueslists.Hands-on exploration and gathering of feedbackwasmost successful when a specific training exercisewasfocussed around a particular tool, e.g. the Guestbook, and in general people were wary of unsupportedinvestigation (when a MAZIzone was left running during a meeting and people were invited to exploreinformally). A notable successwas theuse of Etherpad as a live collaborative note taking device during themeetingtorecordactivitiesandcollectfieldnotes:severalattendeesjoinedintheprocessatmeetingsandaddedtheirowncontributions,andthishasledtoitstakeupviaaSPChostedserveraspartofFriendsofDeptfordCreek’sorganisationalprocesses.ThelevelofengagementofdifferentgroupswiththeMAZIprojecthaschangedacrossYear2bothasaresultofboth their reflection on the interactions with the project team and the MAZI toolkit, and also externalcircumstances.Table4summarisesSPC’sinterpretationonthelevelsofengagementandfocusplacedonthedifferentcommunitygroupsacrossthecourseofthepilottodate.


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Intermsoftheactions,weencouragedparticipantstocontributetowardscommunitymapping,participateintraining,andtakepartinthedeploymentofthetoolkit.ParticipantswereinvitedfromSPC’sexistingnetworkofcontacts and others identified as likely to be interested in the project, and theywere in turn encourage topromotetheevents,actingas ‘communitychampions’.Theseenthusiastshelpedtoprogress thecommunity


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mappingbyofferinginsightsintolocalperspectivesofDeptfordCreek’sgeographical,political,socialandculturalenvironment. TheyalsohelpedfacilitatetheintegratedtrialsbyagreeingtotakeawayaRaspberryPiwithaversionofthetoolkitinstalledandtestitintheireverydaypracticese.g.tosharearchives,tellstoriesoffacilitatecommunicationbetweenlocalgroups.

9.2 CommunityPartners

Thosewhohaveengagedduringthepilothavelargelybeendeterminedbythelevelofresponsethatwe(theOUandSPC)havebeenable to stimulate in theconceptsofDIYnetworkinganduseof theMAZI toolkit foraddressing local challenges. This has involved reaching out to people through plannedMAZImeet-ups andinformal social encounters in an attempt to initiate conversations about the possible benefits of improvingcommunicationse.g.throughestablishingadigitalpresenceandthesharingofdigitalarchives(e.g.artgallery,audiorecordingsoflocalgigs,localhistories).By the end of 2016 (in D2.4)we had identified the groups and individualswithwhomwemightwork.WeidentifiedfourgroupsthatshowedthemostappetiteforexplorationofspecificscenariosusingDIYtechnology(Friends of Brookmill Park, Friends of Deptford Creek, Creekside Discovery Centre, and The MinesweeperCollective).In2017wecontinuedtoengagethesegroupsinparalleltoengagingthewidercommunitythroughMAZI meetups events, informal encounters afforded to us by SPC’s social network, and the MAZI Cross-fertilizationeventthattookplaceinJune2017.DuetoaseriesofunforeseencircumstancessomeofthegroupsthatshowedthemostpromiseofadoptingDIYnetworkingwerenotabletocontinuetoactivelyengageinthepilot.Forexample,TheMinesweeperCollectivesufferedadisasterastheircentralvesselburneddowninJanuary2017,resultinginthelossofthephysicalcentreforgeneratingcommunityactivity,andwithitmuchoftheirequipment,theirarchive,andmembers’personalbelongings(Figure15).Theclusterofvesselssurroundingthisboatcontinuetobeusedbutonwarddiscussionoftheirresidencyrightshasbeenbroughtintocriticalperspective,withthelossoftheirformerlandaccess,anddebateaboutthecommunity’scontinuedexistenceinitspresentform.Memberscontinuetobeactiveinthelocalneighbourhood,withfocusshiftingtothe‘UndercurrentsGallery’inthelocalBirdsNestpubandsubscribingtoSPCmedialab,Deckspace.Energieshavebeendividedbetweenlookingforwardsandresolvingthechallenges.IthasthereforenotbeenpracticaltoinvolvethemdirectlyintheCreeknetpilot,buttherehasbeenanongoingdiscussionofthefutureoftheMinesweeperhulk,withpotentiallypositiveoutcomesbothfortheCollectiveandalsoMAZI’sinvolvement.Thishascentredonitsreimaginingasanecologicalresource:anenvironmentalreefthatcouldbemooredintheCreekandallowedtobecomepopulatedbylocalwildlifeasanaturalhabitat.ThiswillbemanagedandmonitoredinpartnershipwiththeCreeksideDiscoveryCentre,anotherMAZIcommunitypartner,andusedasaresourcefortheirwork,withthepotentialforMAZIinvolvement.Thetimescaleforthisactivityisyettobeconfirmed.


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Figure15:TheburntremainsoftheMinesweeperCollective’sworkshopandgallery(formernavyminesweeper),with

newapartmentblocksrisinginthebackground

ThisexampleoftheMinesweeperCollectivemovinginandoutoffocushasbeencharacteristicofanumberofthecommunitypartnerswithwhichweareengaged.Thesuccesswehaveexperiencedinengagingpeoplehasbeen afforded by maintaining regular MAZI meetups and through SPC’s informal encounters with thesecommunities.SPC’sperspectiveofwhoisandisn'tengagedinthepilotiscritical.Weattributethesuccesswehaveexperiencedinmaintaininganddevelopingnewengagementsduring2017tothepersonalconnectionsthatSPCnurtureswithlocalgroups,playingavitalgatekeepingrole.SPCencouragesattendanceatweeklydrop-insessionsandinformstheOUof reasonswhysomehaven’tbeenable toparticipate,andwhoweshouldcontact togainaccess tostrategiclocationsalongtheCreek.Thisefforttoactivelyengagecommunitygroupsinthehostingofevents,forexample,ledtothetemporaryopeningofthehistoricalHoyStepsonDeptfordCreek,whichcameaboutasadirectconsequenceofchoosingtohostweeklyMAZImeetupsintheHoyCafé.TheopeningtookplaceasoneoftheCreeknetCross-fertilisationsymposiumactivities(June2017,projectM18).Thisbroughttogetherexistingcommunitypartners,newcontacts,andMAZIprojectpartners (reportedon inSection7).Thesuccessofthecross-fertilisationandothereventscanbeattributedtoaconsciousdecisiontoensuretheywereaspublicfacingaspossibleratherthanclosedmeetings,drawinginparticipationwherepossiblebothfromthosecommunitymemberswithwhichwewerealreadyengaging,butalsobeadvertisedtoawiderpublic,andtakingplaceinvenueswherepassers-bymightdropin.

9.3 FactorsaffectinguptakeoftheMAZItoolkitintheCreeknetpilot

Gaved(2011)exploredthepotentialbarrierstotheuptakeoflocalcommunitynetworkinginitiatives,proposingeightpossiblehypothesesastowhyaninitiativemightstruggletobeadopted.Below,wereflectontheCreeknet


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DIY networking activities to date, and consider whether each hypothesis may offer explanatory power tounderstandourcurrentprogressandchallenges.Hypothesis1:Criticalmass–theneedforsufficientusers,leadvolunteers,andcontentAttheendofPhase3,wearemostlydeployingMAZIzonesexperimentallyinpilotsettings,withthesoftwarestillunderdevelopmentandbeingperiodicallyupgradedsoinmostcaseswehavenotconsideredwhetheracriticalmassofusehasoccurred.Currently,mostdeploymentsneedtheresearchteam’songoingsupportandhave not in that sense become sustainable in the long term: further support and training of communityparticipantsisrequired,andamoreactivecommunityofconfidentadministratorsneedstobedevelopedwhocansupporteachother.Contentisbeinggeneratedinanumberofcases,andalittleusehasbeguntobemadeoftheservices,andwewillmonitorusageoflivedeploymentsthroughoutYear3.

H2:Unsuitableapplicationoftechnology–thetechnologydoesnotsuitthepurposeofthe participantsInanumberofcases,thetoolshavebeenadoptedandincorporatedintoworkingpractices,suggestingthattheMAZItoolkitissuitableforsomegroups.Notallgroupswehaveengagedwithhaveadopteditandweneedtogatherfurtherfeedbackontheirreticence.Asthetoolkititstillunderdevelopment,itisdifficulttorespondfullytothishypothesis.H3:Localversusego-basedinteractions:peoplemayvaluerelationshipsbasedoninterestmorethanlocationAkeyframingoftheMAZItoolkitisitsuseasahyperlocalsystem,andthishasbeenclearlycommunicatedandnotchallenged: thishypothesisdoesnotappear tobeaconcernatpresent.Participantsvalue the ideaofasystemthatconnectnearbyneighbours.H4:Localresistancetooutside intervention–communitytechnology isnotperceivedashaving comefromwithinthecommunitybuthasbeenpushedbyoutsiders:resistanceatbeingtoldwhatis goodforthembyoutsidersSPC’s role as long-standing community activists and their ongoing communication and outreach activitiesreducesthepotentialvalidityofthishypothesis,howevertheMAZIprojectisclearlyidentifiedasanEUfundedproject,andthereiswarinessbysomeresidentsoftheulteriormotivationsanditslongtermsustainability.SPCthemselvesareawareofthesubtletiesof ‘localness’andareconcernedthattheythemselvesarenotalwaysseenaslocaltosomegroups.H5:Domestication–the‘solution’maybealientopeople’ssocialpractices,andtheycan’tgetused toit,itdoesn’tfitintotheirdailyroutines.This hypothesis has validity and is true in the case of a number of groups with which we have engaged.Technology capabilities (or appetites) are not always high and the introduction of a new technology basednetworkingsystemisnotalwaysseenastheanswertoresolvinglocalchallenges.Existingpressuresmaylimitthedesireorcapability toengagewithanadditional toolset.This identifies theneedtocontinuedevelopingintroductoryapproachesandtrainingmaterialstoencourageengagementanddiscussionaroundthepotentialofaddingadditionaltoolstopeople’sexistingpractices,the‘pre-tech’stageofoursupport.Furtherusertestingand evaluation is also required to ensure that tools are as well designed as possible and open to localcustomisation.H6:Sponsorship-technologicalandpoliticalsupportoftheconcept.Locallyrespectedcommunity leadersneedtosupporttheproject.Financialandotherresourcesponsorship.MAZIzonesinCreeknetarecurrentlygreatlysupportedbySPC’songoingeffortssogreaterlocalsponsorshipisrequiredforthemtobecometrulysustainableinthelongterm.Inonecase,theUndercurrentsgallery(BirdsNest),theMAZIzoneismanagedandrunbyacommunityparticipantwiththesupportofSPC,andistheclosesttoanindependentlysustainedMAZIzoneinDeptford.H7:Upkeep-resourcestokeepacommunitytoolrunning.Ongoingmanagementoftheservice (makingsureitrunswell,solvingpeople’sproblems,updatingcontent)MAZIzonesinCreeknetarecurrentlygreatlysupportedbySPC’songoingeffortssogreaterlocalinputisrequiredforthemtobecometrulysustainableinthelongterm.Acommitmenttoongoingonlinesupportwillberequired:MAZIhasanumberofonlinechannels(e.g.atechnicalmailinglistandagithubissueslistandwiki)butthesewillneedtobemaintainedafterthelifeoftheprojectandeffortsexpendedtoensureathrivingonlinecommunitydevelops.TheKimchiandReversoMAZIzonesoutsideDeptfordaremaintained independently,buthaveonlyrecentlybeenlaunchedsowecannotyetreportonhowwelltheyarebeingmaintained.


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H8:Surprise–needfornewcontentandnewresourcestomakesureusersfindsomethingnewandinterestingWiththeMAZItoolkitunderdevelopmentandnewreleasesbeingproduced,eachnewreleasebringschangesandliveMAZIzonesareperiodicallyupdated.Wehavenotasyetcarriedoutevaluationonusers’perceptionsinthelocalityofwhetherthechangeshaveaddedvalue.AsMAZIzonesbecomeestablished,wemightalsomonitortherateatwhichnewcontent isaddedby localusersandhowthis isreceived: it istooearlyyettotestthishypothesis.Wewillrevisitthesehypothesesatalaterstagetoseeifcircumstanceshavechanged.InthefollowingsectionswesummarisetheprogresswemadeintermsoffindingeffectivewaysofengagingcommunitiesthroughtheimplementationofaPARapproachinPhases2and3ofourpilot.

9.4 ConceptualFramings:localisinglanguagetospeaktoDeptfordCreek

TheimportanceofanarrativetoengagepeoplehasbeenreinforcedinYear2:theconceptof‘DIYnetworking’isbothtoofamiliar,andtooabstract,formanyofthepeoplewithwhichweseektoengageinMAZIzonetrials.On theonehand, it is too familiarbecauseweare reachingout to individuals andgroups that see ‘doing ityourself’ and grassroots community action as something they already subscribe to as a philosophy.We arespeakingtoartists,communityactivists,andvoluntarygroupswhouseDIYnetworkinginthebroadestsenseasacorepartoftheirexistingworkingpractices,andasaresultwearelearningfromthemasmuchastheyarelearningfromus,anditisenrichingourunderstandingofwhatitmightbe.Ontheotherhand,thetechnologicalaspectsofourofferingaredifficulttograspandarticulate,sometimesevenfortheresearchteam,sowehavecontinuedtoexplorethepotentialofusingconceptualframingsthatresonatewithourintendedaudience.Asnoted by Furu and Salo (2005), “language functions as a means ... for collaborative meaning making” and“enablespartnersinactionresearch-researchersandpractitioner–tocoordinatetheirjointaction”(p1).Theynote that “[t]he very idea of a metaphor is to focus, underline, and demonstrate a certain aspect of aphenomenonthatmightbesomehowunfamiliar,complex,orcomplicated”(p.2).Deptford Creek has a rich maritime heritage, and hence maritime metaphors has surfaced as a means ofcommunicatingourpurposes.Forsomeofourparticipants,suchastheboatingcommunities,thisislanguagewhichisverymuchpartoftheirdailyexistence,butforallparticipantsthereisanenjoymentaroundaffirmingtheir identitywithDeptfordanditsCreek,anditscurrentandhistoricalactivities.Byusingthis languageasabridgingtoolwealigntheMAZIconceptsmorecloselywithlocalneeds,andmakeitintelligible.TheBluetoothbeaconshavebeenreferredtoas‘Anchorholds’,mooringpointsalongtheCreektolocatestories.Incommunityengagementworkshops,participantswereaskedtogivetheirviewoftheCreekbysketchingusinga‘porthole’asaframe.ThismetaphorwastakenupbyboatersandwewereaskedtoproduceaQRcodeonaflagthatwhenviewedthroughaQRcodereaderwouldresolvetoanimageofapirateflag-thissuggestionfromoneofthemosttechnologicallyreticentofourparticipants.WewereassuredthatflyingaJollyRogerflagonboatsisillegalandtheylikedtheideaofusingtechnologytoobscurethetruemeaningoftheirflag.Wetookthesemetaphorsforwardsintothecross-fertilisationevent,wherewedebatedhowweshouldhelppeopletomeeteachotherandbuildtheirsocialnetwork.Theinitialplantoissuenamebadgeswasrejectedandinsteadwedecidedonself-identificationstickers(discussedinSection7,earlier)andasaresult,alongsidetheoptionsforparticipantstousemoreconventionaltermsofreferencesuchas‘education’,‘MAZI’and‘artist’wealsoincluded‘pirate’(aplayfulassociationwithmarinelivingandanti-establishmentattitudes),‘SE8mate’(SE8isthepostalcodeforDeptford–so‘SE8mate’isacheerfulwayofidentifyingyourselfasalocalresident),and‘anchorite’(ahermitlivinginthearea).Theanchor iconwasusedthroughoutthestickers,andthecrossedanchorssymbolofthenearbyRoyalDockyardswasusedinpublicityandtorepresentlocationsofactivity.Inanotherexampleoflocalisation,SPChasbeenexploringmodifyinglanguageontheMAZItoolkittomakeitmoreunderstandabletocommunities,andwehavebeenworkinghardtoencouragetheprioritisationofeasyinterfacetextediting,notonlyintoalternatemothertonguesbutalsotoallowsimplelocaledits.Forexample,oneoftheSPCdemonstratorMAZIzoneswasyellow,soitwasnamed‘Custard’.ItwasashortstepthereforetorenametheEtherpadshareddocumenteditingtool(tosupportlocalconversations)to‘Rhubarb’–acolloquialtermforchatting,andatraditionalEnglishdesserteatenwithcustard.Ithasbeenimportanttohumanisethetoolkitfornon-technicalaudiences.


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9.5 Buildingtrust

InD2.4(M12)weacknowledgedthechallengethatadoptingParticipatoryActionResearchwouldbringinstrikingabalancebetweentheconventionalresearchapproachofformallygaininginformedconsent,whilstrecognisingthisasapossiblebarriertoengagementduetolegitimateconcernsofparticipants.InYear2(Phase2&3)wehavehadtotreadcarefullyindecidingwhenandhowweaskparticipantstogivetheirconsentfortheirfeedbacktoberecorded.TheadoptionofPARmeantthatweworkedhardtoavoidturninginteractionsintocoldclinicalinteractions.Thismeantthatwehadtoacknowledgetherewasariskthatparticipantsattendingourinformaldrop-in events were being subject of forced co-operation given the challenges of being able to truly offerconfidentialityandanonymity(e.g.Mayer1993).Wethereforeadoptedademocraticapproach,makingitclearatthestartofanydatacollectionthatparticipationwasonavoluntarybasis.Therighttowithdrawwasstressedatthebeginningofgroupeventsbeforeobservationswererecordedandwhenparticipantstookpartinsemi-structuredinterviews.FurthertimehasbeenspentestablishingtermsofreferencebasedoninterpersonalrelationshipsfacilitatedbySPC’slonghistoryoftrustbuilding.Wefoundthistobemorefavourablethaninsistingparticipantsimmediatelysignlegalformsandcontracts.InpracticethishasmeantthatwehavespentmuchofPhase2investingtimedevelopingrelationshipsandbuildingtrust,beforewecouldreachapointinPhase3whereparticipantswerewillingtoparticipateinasemi-structuredinterviewsandsignaformalconsentform.

9.6 Tensionsofinsider/outsiderresearcherstatus

SPCcontinuetobethevitalgatekeepersforbuildingcommunitytrustandcommitmentbasedontheirlongtermengagementinDeptford,andwerecognisetheOUwouldbeseenasoutsiderswithouttheirsupport:MAZIworkwithoutSPCwouldbeseenasanoutsideinterventionandmostlikelyrejectedorignored.Ontheotherhand,thereistheresearchconcernwhetherobjectivitycanbeensurediftheresearcherisaninsiderinthesensethattheyalsoactaspractitionersintheresearchsetting(Löfmanetal.2004),andwehavetoreflectonourpracticesandourbiasesaswecontinuethroughtheproject.TheOUrecognisedtheimportanceofworkingtobeacceptedwithin the community and not be seen as lofty academics from another town,while SPC, though acting asresearcherswithin theMAZI context, are keen tomaintain their role as activists andhave to consider theiractivitiesinthelightoftheirstatusasresidentsandcommittedtolongtermfutureengagementinlocalactivities.

9.7 Projectversusinitiativetimeframes

Wehavemade significant progress in Year 2, but somenot all progress has been as swift as expected.Werecognise that taking a PAR approach we need to allow time for relationships to develop. Methods ofengagementhavecontinuedtooperateatthelevelofinformalandlowkeyapproaches.Thishasbeennecessarytogainparticipants’confidence;movingfrominformalencountersengaginginconversationsaboutthepotentialopportunitiesandbarrierstoDIYnetworkingtowardsintegratedtrialssupportedbymorestructuredmeetingsexploringthescopeofemployinganddeployingtheMAZIDIYtoolkit.AsignificantchallengeforCreeknetmightnotbewhetheranumberoflocalresidentswillexploretheMAZItoolkit,butthetimeframeinwhichtheydoso, fittingaroundtheirotheralreadybusyschedulesandexistentialchallenges.ThisechoesDayandCupidi’sreflection (2004) on the tension between closed time and funding framed ‘projects’ versus open ended‘communityinitiatives’.Thisalsoresonateswithparticipants’concernsaboutourcommitmenttothelongterm:howwillweensurethattheircommitmentisrespectedinthelongterm?AsMulhollandetal.(2009)havenoted“theissueofsustainabilityisevenmorepressingwhenICTisbeingusedtosupportcommunitymemorybuildingratherthanonlyinternetaccessorcommunication.Fromtheoutset,theprojectneedstodeterminehowthecommunitywillmaintainlong-termaccessto,andcontrolof,thecommunitymemoryinwhichtheyareinvestingtheirpersonalresources”(p.13).Ourmainethicalchallengewastocreateopportunitiesforengagementthatalsoenabledustodrawlessonsfromobservationsandfeedbackwhilstensuringthatthoseattendingdidnotfeelpressuredtoparticipate.Togainfeedbackontheeffectivenessandusabilityofservices,itwasn’tpracticaltocarryoutafullrangeofformalacademic evaluation processes. The informality of the structure of the events, and concern of participantsaroundourambitionsmeantweneededtotreadcarefullytonotalienateparticipants.Whenwedidplanto


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collectdataweoptedforademocraticapproach,makingitclearthatparticipationwasonavoluntarybasisandtherighttowithdrawwasstressedbeforeobservationswererecorded.FeedbackformsforparticipantswereusedfortheMAZImeetings,andincludedmaritimemetaphorssuchasportholesandviewsoftheCreek.Afeedbackformwasdevisedfortheresearchteam(seeAppendixA)tohelpstructureandcapturereflectionsaftereachevent.Observationsweredrawnfromresearchnotes,blogpostsand emails. Co-authoring ofmeeting noteswas encouragedwith community participants through recordingobservations and reflections using the Etherpad collaborativewriting tool hosted on a demonstrationMAZItoolkitbroughttomeetings.Somephotographsweretakenatevents,butseveralparticipantswerewaryofourmotives,andwedecideditwasmoreimportanttogaintrustthantoextensivelydocumentalltheevents.To undertake the research we ensured we had considered the guidance provided by theMAZI deliverableaddressing ethics requirements (http://www.mazizone.eu/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/MAZI_POPD_final.pdf) and received approval from the Open University’s HumanResearchEthicalCommittee(HREC).


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10. ConclusionsandOutlookInthissectionweprovideasummaryofthekeyactivitieswehaveengagedwithduringPhase2&3andexplainthefutureoutlookthatforPhase4(M25-33).

10.1 Summarisingkeyactivities

InYear2oftheproject(Phases2and3),wenotedthefollowingkeyoutcomes:Thepurposeof Phase2was to carry out an initial implementationof network infrastructures and individualservicestoenablecommunityengagement(M13-M18):

• to includea focusonmicrodatahosting,webauthoring and communication tools thatpromoteofflinenetworks,safermobilecommunicationsandinspirepublicinteractions

• toarrangeforthefirstiterationofimplementationtoolstobetestedbycommunitychampionstoenablecritical reflectionon theirusability andaffordances, and likelyopportunities for integrationwithinMAZItoolkit

• toaskparticipantstoprovidefeedbackontheeffectivenessandusabilityofservicesInthesehighlevelobjectives,thepilotsucceededin:

• running community engagement events (‘MAZI meet-ups’) where DIY networking was discussed,emphasising the training and use of networked tools for self-publishing stories and promoting groups’activities (e.g. using WordPress), supporting organisational processes (e.g. recording meetings andstructuringactionsusingEtherpad,andviaSPC’sSandstormserver)andcatalysingcommunitydiscussionandinformationsharing(e.g.throughtheUndercurrentsMAZIzonerecordingmediaandstoriesaroundtheMinesweeperCollective)

• deployment of MAZI tools as demonstrators at MAZI meet-ups, and early release versions tested incommunitysettingsasthefirstCreeknetMAZIzonescollaboratingwithcommunityparticipants

• gathering feedback at MAZI meet-ups, and conversations and observations during initial MAZIzoneinstallationsanddeployment.Feedbackreportedtotechnicalteamthroughestablishedprojectchannels.Ourapproachwastopresentcombinationsofnetworkandcollectivedevelopmenttools,apick-and-mixofhardware,softwareandscenarioconditioning.ReportsofeventswerepublishedthroughSPC’sblog,andtechnicalfindingsandinsightswerereportedbacktotheMAZIdevelopmentteamthroughemailstothetechnicallist(e.g.usabilityissues,requestsforadditionalfunctionalitiesorservices).

ThepurposeofPhase3wastocarryoutan integratedMAZI trial toembedtheprototypeMAZI toolkit (withconstituentservices)withinabroaderreachingcommunitynetwork(e.g.OWN)(M19-24):

• to introducecommunity leaderstothefirstversionofthe integratedtoolkitandprovidingaselectionofservicesandconfigurationsinresponsetolocalconditions

• topromotetoawidercommunityofusers throughnetworkchampionsand localmediaactions (e.g.bypromotionatSPCWirelessWednesdaysandothercommunityleveloutlets)

• tocarryouttrainingforneighbourhoodparticipantsthroughregularcommunitybasedactivities,includingworkshopsanddrop-insessions

• tohostanevaluationworkshoptogetfeedbackfromthecommunityandenabledesigninputintoafurtherdevelopmentofthesystem

Inthesehighlevelobjectives,thepilotsucceededin:

• demonstratinganddeployingtheevolvingMAZItoolkitinDeptfordandbeyond,withservicesadaptedtolocalsituations,includinglocalisingoflanguageandexplorationofcomplementarydevelopments

• FiveMAZIzonesdeployedinDeptford,and13beyond.• promotingtheMAZIprojectandtoolkitthroughMAZImeet-ups,SPC’sactiveseekingoutandattendanceat

related community events in Deptford, disseminated through SPC and Soulchip Communications (PaulClayton)blogs,promotedtoSPC’sexistingnetwork(e.g.OWNsubscribersandWireless-Wednesdays),andthroughthecross-fertilisationevent

• trainingthroughMAZImeet-ups,collaborativedeploymentofMAZIzoneswithcommunityparticipants,andindividualsessionsasrequired


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• gatheringevaluationfeedbackthroughMAZImeet-upsandcrossfertilisationeventsplussemi-structuredinterviews.

10.2 Futureoutlook:Year3activities

InYear3oftheCreeknetpilot,wewillengagewithnewobjectivesidentifiedforPhase4,butalsocontinuetodevelopactionsstartedwithinYear1or2.Forexample,communityengagementwillbecarriedonthroughouttheproject.WerecogniseitisimportanttorevitaliseearlyconnectionsandtocontinuetoreachouttonewgroupsifwearetoaspiretoreachingacriticalmassofparticipantstosustaintheMAZItoolkitbeyondthefundedperiod.Groupswhoinitiallyinteractedwithusandhavedisengagedmayre-engageastheircircumstanceschange.Forexample,theMinesweeperCollective’scatastrophiclossoftheirboatledtodisengagement,howevertherehavebeenrecentdiscussionswithLondonPortAuthorityandCreeksideDiscoveryCentrearoundthepossibilityof the burned out hulk beingmanaged at an alternativemooring as awildlife habitat.We are therefore inconversationwiththeMinesweeperCollectivetoidentifyhowwemightworkwiththemandCreeksideDiscoveryCentretomountMAZItoolkitstosensetheenvironmentandprovidearesourceforcommunityconversationsaroundtheboat.Throughmeetingswith theFriendsofBrookmillPark (FoBP), introductorybloggingtrainingsessionsweresetupandmembersencouragedtopublishactivities.Thishashad limitedsuccessafter initialpostings, though towards the end of Year 2we found that FoBP had been awarded funding to support theestablishmentofarareflower,theDeptfordPink,inthePark,andtheCreeknetresearchteamarehopingthismayprovideimpetustodisseminateactivities.Re-engagingactivitiesaroundthisworkwillbethefocusofearlyYear3meetingswiththegroup.TheMAZItoolkithasbeenunderrapiddevelopmentduringYear2,andasitstabilisesintoitsfinalformitwillbeeasiertoengageawideraudiencewithamore‘finishedproduct’form.ActionsforPhase4(Months25-33)willinclude:

• UpgradingtheDeptfordinfrastructurewiththefinalversionofMAZItoolkitintotherunningcommunitynetwork

• Carryingoutfurthertrainingandpromotion,developingandtriallingadditionaltrainingmaterials• SettingupanonlineservicetoenablecommunicationbetweentheDeptfordandKraftwerkparticipants

toallowexchangeofknowledgeandideasaroundtheuseofMAZItoolkit• Evaluatingtheadoption,appropriationandusageofthefinalversionoftheMAZItoolkitinDeptford


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ReferencesBender,B.(1996).Mappingalternativeworlds.InClifford,S.andKing,A.eds.FromplacetoPLACE:mapsandparishmaps.CommonGround,London.pp.41-51.Chevalier,J.M.andBuckles,D.J.(2013).Participatoryactionresearch:theoryandmethodsforengagedinquiry.Routledge,UK.Day,P.andCupidi,R.(2004).Buildingandsustaininghealthycommunities:Thesymbiosisbetweencommunitytechnology and community research. CIRN Conference and Colloquium, 29 Sept - 1 October, 2004,MonashCentre,Prato,Italy.Furu. E., and Salo, P. (2005). The importance of language and the teachers’ metaphors. Symposium 20:Knowledge,toolsandtheroleoftheresearcher,33rdCongressoftheNordicEducationalResearchAssociation(NERA2005),10-12March,2005,UniversityofOslo,Norway.Gaved,M.(2011).Aninvestigationintograssrootsinitiatednetworkedcommunitiesasameansofaddressingthedigitaldivide.PhDthesis,TheOpenUniversity.Holliman,R.,Davies,G.,Pearson,V.,Collins,T.,Sheridan,S.,Brown,H.,Hallam,J.,Russell,M.(2017).Planningfor engaged research: a collaborative ‘Labcast’. In Kucirkova, N. and Quinlan, O. eds. The Digitally AgileResearcher,pp.88-106.Löfman,P., Pelkonen,M., andPietiläA. (2004). Ethical issues inParticipatoryActionResearch.ScandinavianJournalofCaringSciences,18,pp.333–340.Mulholland,P.;Gaved,M.;Collins,T.;Zdrahal,Z.andHeath,T.(2006).UsingICTtosupportpublicandprivatecommunity memories: case studies and lessons learned. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Prato InternationalCommunityInformaticsConference(CIRN2006):ConstructingandSharingMemory,October9-11,2006,MonashCentre,Prato,Italy.


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AppendixAFormusedtostructurefeedbackcollectionfromMAZI-Mondays


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AppendixBListofMAZIzonessetupinSaoPaolo,BrazilaspartofCentralSt.Martin’svisit,December2017.

Name Location Description Installationdate Equipment

Reverso01 CasaRedondain The Morro doMacacofavela

05/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi,solarPV/battery, micro USBcables, wlan USB, 5v – 3.1ampUSBcharger.

Reverso02 IIEP Researchinitiativefocusssed onunion historiesand workersstruggle

05/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, solarPV, USBbattery, micro USB cables, wlanUSB,5v

Reverso03 OccupiaMaua Occupiedhousing indowntown SaoPaulo

06/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, solarPV, USBbattery, micro USB cables, wlanUSB,5v

Reverso04 Perifatividade collectiva in theJardim BristolFavela

07/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, solarPV, USBbattery, micro USB cables, wlanUSB,5v–3.1ampUSBcharger

Reverso05 AssociacaoCultural

Social centre inthe Vila NelsonCruzFavela

08/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, solarPV, USBbattery, micro USB cables, wlanUSB,5v–3.1ampUSBcharger.

Reverso06 ArteMoloqueira Communityaction andculture in theChabilandiaFavela

09/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, solarPV, USBbattery, micro US cables, wlanUSB,5v–3.1ampUSBcharger.

Reverso07 MovimentoCultural

Cultural Centrein the ErmilianoMaterrazoneighborhood

10/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, solarPV, USBbattery, micro USB cables, wlanUSB,5v–3.1ampUSBcharger.

Reverso08 unallocated (-) (-) (-)

Reverso09 AgenciaMural (-) 11/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, solarPV, USBbattery, micro US cables, wlanUSB,5v–3.1ampUSBcharger.

Reverso10 EscoladaCidade (-) 11/12/2017 MAZIzone v2.0, Pi, micro UScables, wlan USB, 5v – 3.1ampUSBcharger.

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