ics2208 lecture2

Intelligent Interfaces

IICS2208

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Topic 2: Overview• What is the Model-based Interface

Development?

• UI models: task, abstract, concrete, final

• Benefits of MBID

• UMs & Intelligent Interfaces

Model-based Interface Development

• What is the Model-based Interface Development?

• UI models: task, abstract, concrete, final

Model-based Interface Development

Benefits of MBID• Benefits from using a step-wise development

lifecycle:

• reducing gap between requirements & implementation;

• coordinating the involvement of multiple stakeholders;

• Producing well structured systems;

Benefits of MBID• Benefits from using explicit abstract models:

• planning an adequate level of abstraction;

• improving communication by explicit models;

• supporting UI quality;

Benefits of MBID• Benefits from exploring alternative designs:

• supporting creation and creativity;

• enabling the production and comparison of alternative designs for multiple contexts of use while preserving quality (e.g., consistency);

Benefits of MBID• Benefits resulting from code generation:

• enhancing development productivity;

• capturing and reusing expert knowledge throughout UI development life cycle;

• reducing errors;

Benefits of MBID• Benefits from using models at runtime:

• defining and enacting method for UI development process;

• knowledge about creation of modeling languages;

• usage of frameworks and tools;

Benefits of MBID• Maintenance of modelling language and

transformations:

• systematic and explicit definition of meta-models and transformations;

• maintenance of modelling languages and code generators;

• Reuse of models, meta-models, and transformations;

Use Cases • UC1: Car rental; The car rental example consists

of a scenario in which the interactive system permits users to rent a car. In this sense, various contextual information can be used to adapt application aspects, and to properly display the list of cars to rent, enabling users to make choices and to accomplish the main task

• context 1: at home using desktop pc

• context 2: smart phone (noisy environment/user walking)

Car rental

Screenshot of Context 1


Models involved Car rental process

Use Cases • UC2: Digital Home; Digital home refers to a

residence with devices that are connected through a computer network. A digital home has a network of consumer electronics, mobile, and PC devices that cooperate transparently.

• context 1: at home using desktop pc

• context 2: smart phone (noisy environment/user walking)

Digital Home



The task model for the digital home

Use Cases • UC3: Omitting minimalistic UIs through the use of an

universal interaction device in production environments; The SmartFactoryKL (see Figure UC3.1) is an arbitrarily modifiable and expandable (flexible) intelligent production environment, connecting components from multiple manufacturers (networked), enabling its components to perform context-related tasks autonomously (self-organising), and emphasising user-friendliness (user-oriented).

• Context 1: Physical environment is that of a production environment (industrial factory), platform is a tablet PC (+ modules or field devices from different vendors), one single user

Digital Home




SmartFactory KL

Screenshot of Final UI Models in SmartFactory KL

Use Cases • UC4: Story Editor; The production of e-learning tools for

deaf people meets with several difficulties, connected to the need to resort only to the visual channel, without saturating it, and to the adoption of different cognitive strategies developed within the community - the use of a user interface abstract model in the development of the interactive story editor, to be used by tutors and teachers to organise the course material and path, and which generates interactive pages for the students.• Context 1: The generation of a course by a teacher,

possibly involving in the process tutors who will then have to assist the learners. Learners and tutors will then interact with the generated web pages

Digital Home




Story Editor

Workflow and generated page for the story

Models in Story Editor

Use Cases • UC5: Augmented Reality Widgets; Post-WIMP

interactors running inside a web application: A mixed reality furniture online shop that can be controlled by gestures and supports inter-reality migration of interactors. In the web furniture shop, a customer can choose between different furniture and fill up a shopping cart. By a drag-and-drop gesture using both hands one can drag furniture interactors virtually out of the monitor displaying the web shop and drop them into an augmented reality to see if the furniture really matches in space and color to the user’s environment. An augmented reality frame that surrounds the shopping cart allows to seamlessly switch between realities while crossing it during the drag and drop gesture.

Digital Home




AR Furniture shop

Shopping cart Web application

Two handed gestures to drag

and drop furniture

Use Cases • UC6: Interactive music sheet using head gestures;

When learning to play a musical instrument, or when playing one, a music sheet is used to give guidance as to how to perform the musical piece. However, as songs become longer and more intricate they may span across several sheets, forcing the player to stop playing to turn the page. Although this may become easier as one becomes more experienced with the instrument, it is a barrier for inexperienced players that can be tackled easily using a different mode to turn the pages other than your hand.

Digital Home




Interactive music

Models used for the Widgets Use Cases

Head tracking interactor

Generic Requirements for MBID

1. Completeness

2. Consistency

3. Separation of concerns

4. Extensibility

5. Concision

6. Correlability

Model-based UI tools• ConcurTaskTrees Environment (CTTE),

http://giove.isti.cnr.it/tools/CTTE/home

• Task/Design time/Java application

• Model-based lAnguage foR Interactive Applications Environment (MARIAE), http://giove.isti.cnr.it/tools/MARIAE/home

• Task, AUI, CUI, FUI/Design time/Java application

http://giove.isti.cnr.it/tools/CTTE/home

http://giove.isti.cnr.it/tools/MARIAE/home

UMs & Intelligent Interfaces

• Complexities of intelligent interfaces include:

• knowledge representation

• architectures for knowledge-based systems

• human factors

UMs & Intelligent Interfaces

• There are three key benefits that a model of an intelligent interface offers:

1. it establishes the knowledge requirements of the interface,

2. it prescribes the functionality provided by the system, and

3. it defines the concept of an intelligent interface

ics2208 lecture2

Education