ics 463, intro to human computer interaction design: 12. computer supported collaborative work
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ICS 463, Intro to Human Computer Interaction Design: 12. Computer Supported Collaborative Work. Dan Suthers. Forms of CSCW. SynchronousAsynchronous Co-located Distributed. Colab (late 1980’s onwards). Synchronous-local Liveboard, individual workstations Software Cognoter Argnoter - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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ICS 463, Intro to Human Computer Interaction Design:
12. Computer Supported Collaborative Work
Dan Suthers
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Forms of CSCW
SynchronousAsynchronous
Co-located
Distributed
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Colab (late 1980’s onwards)
• Synchronous-local• Liveboard, individual workstations • Software
– Cognoter– Argnoter– Boardnoter
• Can work in private or
public spaces
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Colab: Hardware innovations
• Liveboards – Light-based– Ultrasonic
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Colab: Cognoter
• Preparing an outline of a presentation
• Based on three-phase model: – Brainstorm (also uses Boardnoter) – Organize– Evaluate
• Others have developed similar schemes
• Let’s see a video …
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Colab: Argnoter
• Presentation and evaluation of proposals
• Also three-phase model – Propose - placed in the workspace– Argue - annotated by participants– Evaluate - rank evaluation criteria and
apply under different belief sets
• Example of a Group Decision Support System (GDSS)
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Colab: Portable meetings & ideas
• Vison: Colab workspaces available everywhere, interconnected
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Synchronous-Remote CSCW
• Typically two components: – Shared workspaces– Natural language interaction
• Video• Audio• Textual “chat”
• Commercial tools: NetMeeting, Polycom videoconferencing etc.
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Activity / presence awareness
• Is Jan in his office? • What is he doing? • Is he willing to talk?
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Eye Contact
Video Tunnel Hydra
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Access Grid (HITS on steroids?)
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I think …
• The technology is great, but the real issues are in designing the workspaces (representations, collaborative work tools) and activity structures
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Asynchronous Examples
• Discussion tools, e.g. Email, Threaded discussions
• Document repositories– BSCW http://bscw.gmd.de/
• Document annotation systems– Kukakuka, Pink – JIME http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/
• Multimedia/Mixed– Knowledge Forum
http://kf.oise.utoronto.ca/kfdemo/kfdemo.html– Teamwave
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Synchronous Issues
• Awareness– Who is on right now?– Is Jan answering my question, or did
he leave for lunch?
• Coherence– Who is answering whom?
• Value of video– When are talking heads valuable? – Demonstrations, negotiation,
familiarity
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Asynchronous Issues
• Context and coherence– Artifact-centered discourse
• What is this message about?• Where are the messages about this
artifact?– Picking up where we left off
• What was the last idea proposed? • What is she responding to?
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Asynchronous Issues Cont.
• Single versus multiple workspaces – Multiple threads in a single workspace – Movement of ideas between multiple
workspaces and groups
• Group Awareness– Are there any new messages? – Has anyone been reading my
proposal?
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General Issues
• Identity and trust• Cross cultural communications • Serendipity of informal interactions
– Always-on shared spaces? – Virtual coffee pot?
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More Design Issues and Ideas
• Viability compared to alternatives• Build based on existing work practice • May invent new collaborative practices• Local conventions develop: acclimate
newcomers• Time zones a problem• Synchronous meetings with large groups
require facilitation• Delays can impede rhythm of
communication