IC'I'M Study Uroup on Musics of Ocearrl.aCircular No. -19

15 Nov cmho r 1ry H)

Request for Information on the Chinese and Chinese Music in Oceania for ICTM-HK

After a preliminary meeting of the Programme Committee for the forthcoming 31stWorld Confer ence of the ICTM i n Horig Kong (during the AMS/SEM/SMT conference inOakland) Smith was told tha t tho Commi t t ee was enthusiastic about a panel propo8crlby our Study Group on the musical activities of the Chinese in Oceani a- a topicwhich joins the area interests of our Study Group to the major focus of thisconference. To date, little scholarly attention has been devoted to the eff ect sof the Chinese on the musics in Oceania. This panel is intended as a preliminary,exploratory shari ng of information on the subject.

To prePare for the 'panel , I request that every member of the Study Group-not j us tthose expecti ng to attend the conference in Hong Kong-fill out t he enclosedQuestionnaire t o contribute to a preliminary database. The area to be embraced isexpected to include Island Southeast Asia as well as Oceania (and may be expandedfurther by the Programme Committee); however the intent is to focus on areas thathave had li ttle study (so wil l not include areas or genres, e.g., Japanese gaenkuwhich have been studied extensively).

The Programm e Committe also seemed pleased with the proposals for paper s onOceania; a final decision will be made at i t s mid-December meet i ng.

New Member

We welcome Michael Webb to member ship. Pl ease add his name and address (gi ven a tthe end of this Circular) to the membership list.

SEM Meeting in Oakland

Nine members of the Study Group Part i ci pated in the Annual Meeting of the Soci.e tyfor Ethnomusicology in early November. Ellis' paper was "False Front and Realityin South Australian Aboriginal Song Behavior"; Stillman's was "The ' Old Way ofSinging': I t s Mani f es t a t i ons in Tahiti. u Christensen's and Kartomi's papers wer eon non-Oceania subj ects. Robertson used data from her research in Hawai ' i i n around table "I'oward a Theoretical Framework for the Study of Gender and Music If ;

Trimillos r eferred to Hawaiian music in one on "What is the Responsibility of thePress Towards Et hni c Music?U Carmack , Thomas and Smith wer e also present . Duringan informal breakfas t meeting, the possibi lity of a conference before the 1992Festival in Rarotonga and other Study Group mat t er s were discussed.

SIMS-1990

Four members of the Study Group participated in SIM8-1990 in Osaka. Yamaguti , oneof the main or ganizers, also presented a paper uPerformance as a historical sourcein music r esearch"; Kartomi' s paper was "Problems of the intercultural recepti onand methods of describing and analysing musical rhythm u; Niles' was uSpi r i t s givensubstance t hrough sound: Men's cult usage of voice-modifiers in Papua New Guinerr" ;and Sajnovsky's was "Micronesian music: A voice from the past."

Publications by Members

Music, Gender, and Culture, Vol. 1 of Intercultural Music Studi es, Florian Noe ~~ 1

Verlag ( D-29/~U Wi lhelmshaven, P.O.Box 580 , FHG) i ncludes an article by HOUDI' 1I

"Po.LLtics and Songs : A Study in Gender on Hungiki" ; and one by Kaeppler "'1' ieProduction and Repr oduct i on of Social and Cult ural Values in t he Compositions ofQueen Salot e of Tonga. u Music in the Dialogue of Cultures: Traditional Music andCultural Policy , Vol. 2 in the same series, includes an arti cle by Christen, 011

uTraditional lvtus i c , Nationalism, and Musicol ogical Researchu; and one by RobertsonuThe Et hnomusicologis t as Midwife. u

Feld' s " Ra.i.nf'or-e s t Vof.ce ;" whi ch will fea ture the Kaluli of PNG Ln the f'Lrs t muj orcompact di sc recor di ng by Ryko Di sc , will be ava i lable for internatiodistr i but i in February 1991 with r s g n to ra nforest p ervrt on.

Kartomi ' s book, On Concepts and Classifications of Musical Instruments, publishn"f paperback at US $21 .95 and library cloth at US $49.95 by The UniversHy of Chicnr." Press, 5801 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, lL 60637- 1496.

!·!cLean IUld Orbell 's Traditional Songs of the Naori is now available in paperback for ~z $39.95 from Auckland University press, University of Auckland, Private &1g, Auckland, tlew Zealand.

Thomas 1 vidso ll booklet Pacific island DrWlls : Uz·wn 'l'ntditlons of Lho t;ook la.LruodtJ.L Fi i ~iue Samoa Toke.lau and Ton a (from a festival of local communities in Wellington is available on PAL at NZ $25, or ~se at NZ $55 from 1-IASPAC, P.O. Box 1095, Wellington, New Zealand. His book & sound cassette Songs and Stories of Tokelau: an introduction to the cultural heritage are available from Victoria University Press , P .O.Box 600, Wellington, ~ew Zealand, both for NZ $23.

Other News of Hembers

Kaeppler documented the performances of the Wallis Islanders at the !..os 1\neeles Festival in September .

Kelsey has returned to Wesleyan after further fieldwork in Papua New Guinea.

La.ade reported that he presented a paper "The Interpretation of Ancient and Tribal Southeast As1.nn Hu11ical Phenomena n!l Sources of Past and Southeast AIJifln t1unic"--., theme w lth r" l rwunco t.o J'NG ruod Ho lanosia-a t the '• th In terna tionn 1 (;on f'ol'<'ll<"' "f' Ethnomusicology iJ1 'l'aipei in April.

Lawson is now Lisa Lawson Burke. Congratulations, Lisal

Nero is on leave from UC-Irvine for further work in Hicronesia .

Smith made a brief trip to Kosrae and Polmpei in October.

Stillman accepted an AHS 50 Fellowship on an honorory basis, having also been awarded a Ford Foundation Ninority Dissertation Fellowship for the academic year.

Thomas recorded in the Polynesian Outlier, West Fut.una in Vanu~tu ror Lh" Territorial Sw·vey of Oceanic 1-!usic in August-September. He is currently visiting the US mainland and Hawai 1 i on a Fulbri ght Travel Grant during which he worked with Kaeppler at the Smithsonian and visited various institutions. He is working on the biography of a Tokelau Island composer , and is interested to hear from others about profiles/life-stories/per sonal- studies of musicillns in Oceania.

Webb' a NA thesis ( 1990) at Wesleyan University is titled "Lingua Franca Song and Identity in Papus New Guinea. " He has begllUl doctoral studies there after spendiloe a month 1n each of PNG and Australia establishing a dissertation research project.

Additions/Changes For !1embership Address List

Lisa Lawsoo BURKE John R. KELSEY

Randall C. KOIIL 1-!ichoel tVEBB

For The Next Gil·cular Please return ~ho Queotionnaira p1·ompUy ttnd oend adtlr8nn ohango11/oorrout:tonn •m<l news items to llarbara B. Smith, !1usic Dept ., University o£ H.awai ' i at Nanoa, 2411 Dole Street, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.

Wherea moreAnswer

ICTM-sGMO Circular No. 19 (enclosure)

QUESTIONNAIRE REDARDING THE CHINESE IN OCEANIA(and Island Southeast Asia for those with relevant expertis~

This is an urgent request to all Study Group members to answer as many of thequestions as possible (without taking time to undertake research on them) forareas of your research expertise and, for those living in Oceania, of yourresidence. Please return this for m as quickly as possible to Barbara Smith. Theform has space for three areas (the numbers applying throughout the form); anyoneable to supply information on more than three areas is requested to add a page(s)identifying the question by letter and filling in the answer. It will be helpfuleven if only geographic area(s) are identified in Question A and the answer(s) are"no" in Question B-knowing which areaf s ) have no Chinese residents will behelpful. Most questions can be answered with just yes or no, or alpha. Furthercomments on the back of this sheet will be appreciated.

YOUR NAME: ----------------A. Please designate your geographic area( s ) of expertise/research.relevant, please indicate both a broad area (e.g., Papua New Guinea) andspecific area (evg , Eastern Highlands-or even a tribal area within that).questions B through K for the specific area:1.broad specific __2. broad specific 3. broad specific _

B. Are there any residents of Chinese ancestry in the designated area(s)/livingwith the tribal groupl s)? 1. 2. 3. _

C. If the answer to B is "yes," did they arrive (a) more than a generation ago(or, pre-WW II if that is more convenient), or (b) are they recent arrivals, or(c) some of both? 1. 2. 3.-------D. If the Chinese arrived more than a generation ago ("a" in question C), havethey tended to (a) remain a separate ethnic group, or (b) intermarry with thelocal Oceanic population? 1. 2. 3. _

E. If the answer to D is "a," do they tend to live in the more urban partf s ) ofthe area (if @y) or (b) are they di~rsed throughout it? 1.___ 2.3.----F. If you have information on the percentage of Chinese to the total population inthe specific area, please give that (an approximation or guess is adequate forpresent purposes): 1. 2. 3.------G. If you know what part of China (e.g., Fujian Province of mainland China) orother area with long-term Chinese community they came from (e.g., Taiwan, HongKong, Singapore), please indicate that: 1. 2. 3.-----H. Do the Chinese (some of them and/or others in the area) perform any (a)traditional Chinese music/dance, (b) current Chinese popular music/dance, or (c)no Chinese music/dance? 1. 2. 3.----I. If the answer to G is "a" or "b" or both "a" and "b," do you know if there is as tudyf s ) of these people and their music/dance in this location in Oceania?1. 2. 3.---J. If the answer to I is "yes," if you know the author(s) and/or title(s)-withouthaving to take a lot of time to look for this information--it would be helpful ifyou add it: 1.----------------------------------2.---------------------------------------------3. _

K. Has there been any performance(s) by touring Chinese musicians/dancers in thisarea(s)? 1. 2. 3.---K. Do the Chinese (or some of them) participate in the performance of the localOceanic music/dance tradition(s)? (This question contrasts with question H,although affirmative answers to both are possible.) 1. 2. 3. _

Please return promptly to Barbara B. Smith, Music Dept., Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa,2411 Dole St., Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Thanks for your coope; 'ation i