icigwa ca 5

Ivyokorwa Nyamukuru mu Ngaburo, mw’Isuku, no mu Mwitwarariko mu Gihe

c’Imbanyi Integuro y’Ivyigwa

Agatabo ka 2 muri 5

Ivyokorwa vy’Ibanze mu Ngaburo, mw’Isuku, no mu Mwitwarariko mu Gihe c’ImbanyiIbirimwo:

Icugwa ca 1: Umwitwarariko w’imbere yo Kwibaruka no Kwibarukira kwa Muganga.......8Icigwa ca 2: Ingaburo y’Umuvyeyi.........................................18Icigwa ca 3: Ivyunyunyu vyo mu Ngaburo (Fer na Iyode) ..................27Icigwa ca 4: Gukaraba n’Isabune (canke Umunyota) ..................37Icigwa ca 5: Gushiraho Igikarabiro mu Rugo................47Icigwa ca 6: Kwikingira Malariya.........................................56Icigwa c’7: Kwitegurira Kwibaruka n’Ivuka.....................66Icigwa ca 8: Kwonsa Umwana Ubwo Nyene Akivuka .........................76 Icigwa c’9: Ivyokorwa mu Kwitwararika Akayoya ..............................86

Integuro y’Ivyigwa y’Ivyokorwa vy’Ibanze mu Ngaburo, mw’Isuku, no mu Mwitwarariko mu Gihe c’Imbanyi ifise intumbero yo kwunganira ivyashikirijwe mu Gitabo Mfashanyigisho c’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure kidondora Ivyokorwa vy’Ibanze mu Ngaburo, mw’Isuku, no mu Mwitwarariko mu Gihe c’Imbanyi.

Gutahura Integuro y’Ivyigwa

Icigwa cose gitangurira ku ntumbero. Izo nazo zikaba ari intumbero zijanye n’inyifato, ubumenyi n’ivyizerwa biba bishikirizwa muri ico cigwa. Ni mwitwararike kuraba ko imwe yose muri izo ntumbero ishizweko akatuzo muri uwo mwanya w’icigwa. Hariho ubwoko bune bw’intumbero. Kandi imwe yose muri zo yaradondowe aho musi.

Intumbero zijanye n’inyifato: Intumbero nyinshi ni intumbero zijanye n’inyifato zanditswe nk’amajambo yo kwiyemeza igikorwa. Ivyo ni ivyokorwa vyitezwe ko umurezi w’umwana yokurikiza yishimikije ubutumwa nyamukuru bwashikirijwe mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Intumbero z’ubumenyi: Nk’akarorero, twifuza ko abavyeyi boshobora gutondagura ibimenyetso vyo kugeramirwa hamwe n’inzira zitanu z’ukuntu imigera itera gucibwamwo ihererekanywa. Ivyo ni ibintu abarezi b’abana bategerezwa gufata ku mutwe muri uwo mwanya w’icigwa, bagakoresha amasanamu mu kwiyibutsa.

Intumbero z’ivyo twizera: Turazi ko ivyo twizera n’inyifato zacu bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa vyacu. Kenshi wama usanga ivyo twizera bitari vyo canke ingene dusanzwe tubona ibibazo vy’ubuzima n’isi ari vyo bitubuza gushikira ihinduka ryogira akamaro k’amagara meza.

Intumbero z’Ibituma vy’Inyifato: Intumbero z’ibituma vy’inyifato ni imvo zituma abantu bagendera (canke batagendera) mu nyifato ivuzwe. Hariho ibituma vy’inyifato munani bishoboka nk’uko vyashizwe ahabona mu vyigwa vy’umwihwezo

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w’intambamvyi (analyse des barrières) vyakorewe muri buri ntara. Ivyo vyigwa birerekana ibituma bihambaye gusumba ibindi kuri buri nyifato.1 Mu gushimikira ku bituma vyafashije abakora (ni ukuvuga abarezi b’abana ku mutumba basanzwe bagendera muri iyo nyifato nshasha) turashobora guhimiriza abadakora (abarezi b’abana batagendera muri izo nyifato nshasha) ngo batsinde inzitizi zababujije kugerageza canke gushishikara iyo ngendo muri kahise.

Musi y’izo ntumbero, ibikoresho vyose bikenewe muri ico cigwa vyashizwe ku rutonde. Uwurongoye icigwa akwiye kwitwararika kuzana ibikoresho vyose bikenerwa muri ico cigwa. Mu cigwa kigira gatanu, twinjijemwo iciyumviro c’Umurongozi w’Ibikorwa azoshira umwitwarariko ku bikoresho bizokenerwa mu Rutonde rw’Ivyigwa vy’Agatabo ka kabiri (Module 2). Mworaba ngaho musi kugira ngo mutahure vyinshi.

Umwimenyerezo wose (ni igice c’integuro y’icigwa) werekanwa n’agasanamu gato. Ayo masanamu akoreshwa mu kwibutsa Abavyeyi Tubaramure batazi gusoma urukurikirane rw’ibiza gukorwa mu cigwa. Nk’akarorero, ni hagera ko Umuvyeyi Tubaramure abarongora mu gukina agakino, integuro y’icigwa yerekana isanamu y’umuntu atwenze aboneka nk’uwuryohewe n’ako gakino (raba aho musi). Amasanamu yo mu nteguro y’icigwa afasha Abavyeyi Tubaramure kumenya igikorwa baza gukurikizako. Ni mwihweze ivyadondowe ngaho musi kugira ngo mutahure vyinshi gusumba.

Igikorwa ca mbere muri buri cigwa ni agakino. Utwo dukino tugafasha abitavye gutwenga, kuja mu kamwemwe no kwitegurira igikorwa. Hariho udukino tumwe tumwe dusubiramwo kwihweza inyigisho nyamukuru abitavye bamaze kwiga. Utundi dukino tugashira imbere intumbero z’ivyizerwa. Mwitwararike kuraba ko bose bakina muri ako gakino.

Inyuma y’agakino haca hakurikira igice co guhamagara amazina no Gutora umuti w’ingorane. Abarongozi b’ivyigwa bose bazohamagara amazina y’abitavye. Ibibazo vyo gutorera umuti vyerekeye gusa abarongoye ivyigwa (Abapromoteri) basanzwe bajejwe kwigisha abandi.2 Umupromoteri ni we akurikirana ingorane izo ari zo zose Abavyeyi Tubaramure bagize mu kwigisha ivyigwa vyatambutse. Ni murabe ivyo gukina wishira mu kibanza c’umuntu biri mu cigwa ca 4 (c’Agatabo ka 1) kugira ngo mutahure vyinshi.

Ivyo biheze uwo arongoye icigwa aca yugurura igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho kw’isanamu ya mbere y’icigwa. Agaheza agasoma n’inkuru yanditse inyuma y’urupapuro rw’isanamu, yongerezako ibindi vy’ido n’ido n’ibindi vyo kudondora nk’uko biba bikenewe. 1 See http://barrieranalysis.fhi.net for more information.2 In the Tubaramure program, paid staff are called promoters. The role of the promoters is to train Mother Leaders to facilitate lessons with their neighbors. A few exercises, noted above, are only for promoters and do not need to be used by the Mother Leaders when sharing with their neighbors.

3

http://barrieranalysis.fhi.net/

Inkuru iboneka muri buri cigwa ikurikirwa n’ibibazo vyo kuyagako. Ivyo bibazo bigafasha uwo arongoye icigwa kumenya ingiro y’abarezi b’abana muri ico gihe (nk’uko iba ijanye n’ico cigwa). Ico gice kikaba cerekanwa n’ijambo Gutohoza.3 Ico gice cashiriweho guhanahana ivyiyumviro, si ico kwigisha. Witwararike guha umuntu wese akaryo ko gushikiriza iryo agona.

Isanamu igira kabiri, n’iya gatatu hamwe n’iya kane muri buri cigwa ni ayo kwigishirizako intumbero nyamukuru y’icigwa. Mumaze gusanzurura ku rupapuro rugira kabiri rw’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho [ngaho ni muri ya ntambuko yitwa Kwerekana], baza uti “mubona iki muri iyi sanamu?” Abahari ni bishure kandi badondore ico biyumvira ko ayo masanamu yo mu Gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho ubashikiriza.

Hanyuma uce usigura inyigisho iri muri ayo majambo yanditse inyuma y’isanamu mfashanyigisho. Na none kandi incamake y’izo nyigisho yerekanwa mu ryungane rigufi ridondora ibiri mw’isanamu mfashanyigisho riba ryanditse kuri urwo rupapuro ruriko ico gicapo. Mwitwararike gusigura buri gicapo mukoresheje ayandi mungane atondetse inyuma y’igicapo (canke mu nteguro y’icigwa). Integuro y’ivyigwa isanzwe irimwo ibindi vyiyumviro vyongeweko vyo gufasha uwigisha. Kandi ivyo vyiyumviro vyongeweko ntibikenewe ko vyozanwa ngo biyagweko mu cigwa.

Inyuma y’isanamu mfashanyigisho igira kane y’icigwa, hakurikira igikorwa. Ivyo bikorwa ni imyimenyerezo “yo gukora” ifasha abitavye gutahura no gushira mu ngiro ivyo bize. Vyinshi muri ivyo bikorwa bikenera ibikoresho binaka n’imyiteguro itomoye.

Guhera mu rutonde rw’ivyigwa vyo mu Gatabo ka 2, Uwurongora ibikorwa ajejwe gutegura ibikoresho biza gukenerwa mu Gakorwa kajanye n’ico Cigwa. Uwuzoba umurongozi w’Igikorwa mu Rutonde rw’ivyigwa vy’Agatabo ka kabiri atorwa mu Cigwa ca 5 (c’Agatabo ka 1). Umurongozi w’Ibikorwa abanza kubonana n’Uwurongora ivyigwa mu minota cumi imbere ya buri cigwa kugira ngo bavugane ku bikoresho bizokenerwa mu gikorwa kijanye n’icigwa kizokurikira. Uwo azezwa ibikorwa ni we afise uruhara rwo kuvugana n’abandi (Abavyeyi Tubaramure canke ababanyi) muri wa mwanya wo “guhamagara amazina no gutora umuti w’ingorane” kugira ngo atunganye ikibazo c’ibikoresho bizokenerwa mu nama izokurikira, akabasaba ko bokwitanga bakazozana ivyo bikoresho bikenewe. Uwurongoye ivyigwa ni we azobarongora muri ico gikorwa, ariko uwo yajejwe ibikorwa nawe akazoza aramushigikira mu gutegekanya

3 For more information about the ASPIRE method review Lesson 2.

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abitanga no mu gufasha uwurongoye ivyigwa nk’uko biba bikenewe muri ako kanya k’igikorwa. Ico gikorwa giheze, uwurongoye ivyigwa aca arangura ibijanye no Gucaca hamwe no Gutomora. Ubwo buryo bwo kwigisha bukoreshwa mu gushimikisha kwigisha gukorana n’uwiga (methode participative). Ubwo buryo burasigurwa ido n’ido mu Rutonde rw’ibiri mu cigwa ca 2 (c’Agatabo ka 1).

Mu gice kijanye n’ijambo Gucaca Uwurongoye ivyigwa arabaza ko hoba hariho intambamyi zobuza abarezi b’abana kugerageza izo ngendo nshasha. Baraheza bakayaga kuri izo ntambamyi hanyuma bagaca batandukira igice gikurikira.

Uwurongoye ivyigwa araheza Agatomorera abarezi b’abana uburyo bokoresha mu gutora umuti w’ingorane zashikirijwe. Uwo Arongoye ivigwa akabashikiriza kandi ibindi vyiyumviro canke ubundi buryo bwo kubona ibintu bwofasha abo barezi b’abana gutahura ingene boshishikara gutera imbere.

Haca hakurikira Kwimenyereza. Iki gice ni nkenerwa mu kwigisha Abavyeyi Tubaramure. Dushaka kumenya neza ko batahuye ivyo bazokwigisha kandi ko bashoboye kubishikiriza abandi neza. Muri ico gikorwa co mu mugwi muto, Umupromoteri arashobora gukurikiranira hafi kandi akaza arakosora abagifise ingorane.

Hanyuma Uwurongoye Ivyigwa aca asozerera ku ntambuko zo Kwiyemeza no Gusuzuma.

Uwujejwe ivyigwa asaba Umuvyeyi Tubaramure (canke abarezi b’abana) kwiyemeza ko bagiye gutangura kugendera mu ngendo nshasha bamaze kwiga. Ivyo iyo bavyemeye, abarezi b’abana bakwiye kuvyatura mu majambo bivugiye. Abo barezi b’abana ni bo bategerezwa kwihitiramwo. Nta n’umwe akwiye kubagoberera kwiyemeza ikintu mu gihe bacumva ko batiteguye.

Igice ca nyuma ni co Uwujejwe ivyigwa asuzuma ibikorwa vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure (canke vy’abarezi b’abana) yishimikije inyigisho bakuye mu cigwa giherutse. Uwujejwe ivyigwa akabahimiriza ngo bagerageze izo ngendo nshasha batari bwashikeko.

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Ivyigwa vyose bikurikiza urwo rutonde rushikirijwe aho hejuru. Ivyo vyigwa birashobora kuringanizwa neza iyo bikenewe kugira ngo bijane n’ivyo Umugwi Tubaramure wawe ukeneye. Ivyigwa ntibikwiye kumara umwanya urenga amasaha abiri naho bishobora gushika ivyigwa bimwe bimwe bigatwara igihe kirekire gusumba ibindi. Umwanya wogenerwa buri gice urerekanwa ngaho musi.

IIzina ry’igiceUmwanya wokenerwa kuri ico gice

AgakinoGuhamagara amazina no Gutora umuti w’ingoraneInkuru hamwe na Gutohoza (Isanamu ya 1)Erekana kandi Usigure (Isanamu ya 2)Erekana kandi Usigure (Isanamu ya 3)Erekana kandi Usigure (Isanamu ya 4)IgikorwaCacaTomoraKwimenyereza no KumenyerezaKwiyemezaGusuzuma

iminota 10 iminota 5- 15 iminota 10 iminota 5 iminota 5 5 iminotaiminota 15 iminota 10 iminota 5 iminota 20 iminota 2 iminota 15 Isaha 2

Gukenguruka

Hanold, Mitzi J. (2010) Ivyokorwa vy’Ibanze mu Ngaburo, mw’Isuku, no mu Mwitwarariko mu Gihe c’Imbanyi Integuro y’Ivyigwa y’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure. Washington DC. Food for the Hungry (FH), yashoboye gutunganywa ku bw’ubufasha bwatanzwe na Office of Food for Peace, Bureau of Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistances, hamwe kandi na USAID mu masezerano AID-FFP-09-00004-00. Ivyiyumviro vyashikirijwe ngaha ni ivy’umwanditsi kandi si ukuvuga ko bitegerezwa guserura iciyumviro ca USAID.

Turakengurukiye cane abaducapiye [ngaha ni muhashire izina ry’uwo ngaho iwanyu acapa aya masanamu], Ocatvio Gonzales na Petra Röhr-Rouendaal. Ababitosoye nabo barimwo Carolyn Wetzel (FH), Dr. Dieudonne Bikorimana (FH), Deanna Olney (IFPRI), Mary Hennigan (CRS), Dr. Dismas Nduwimana (CRS), Isaac Kilimushi-Hamuli (IMC), na Regine Pachis Nihoreho (CRS). Hamwe mwoba mufise ibibazo canke ico mushikiriza, mwoshikira umwanditsi kuri [email protected].

Ibindi bitabo vyakoreshejwe mu gutegura ibiri muri aka gatabo birimwo ibi bikurikira: Beck, Diana, et al. Care of the Newborn: Reference Manual. DC: Save the

Children, 2004. Burns, A. August, et al. Where Women Have No Doctor. Berkley:

Hesperian Foundation, 1997. Available: http://www.hesperian.org/index.php

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mailto:[email protected]

Rohr-Roendaal, Petra. Where There is No Artist. Development drawings and how to use them. London, UK: Intermediate Technology Publications, 1997.

100 ways to energize groups: games to use in workshops, meetings and the community. Available at www.aidsalliance.org. International HIV/AIDS Alliance, 2002.

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http://www.aidsalliance.org/

Icigwa ca 1: Umwitwarariko w’Imbere yo Kwibaruka no Kwibarukira kwa Muganga

Abavyeyi bibungenze bazoja gupimisha imbanyi n’iburiburi incuro zitatu mu gihe bazomara bibungenze kuva ku musi wa mbere batanguye kubonerako ibimenyetso bibereka ko bibungenze.Bahanurwa ko boja gupimisha imbanyi rimwe mu mezi atatu.

Abagore bazoja kwa muganga kwipimisha ni vyashika bakiyumvira ko boba basamye, kandi ivyo bazobikora naho boba bumva ko bamerewe neza ata ngorane z’amagara bafise.

o Gupimisha imbanyi bifasha kumenya ko umwana ariko arakura neza mu nda kandi ko na nyina abandanya kugira amagara meza.

Abarezi b’abana bazoshobora kudondora ubufasha abagiye gupimisha imbanyi bahabwa.

o Umuganga azopima igikuriro n’ingene umwana ameze mu nda mu gupima imbanyi y’umugore.

o Umuganga azoha abavyeyi ivyunyunyu vyo kubunganira (fer na vitamine) kugira ngo akingire umwana ingorane zo mu mubiri canke mu mutwe.

o Umuganga arashobora gucandaga umuvyeyi kugira ngo amukingire tetanus we n’umwana yibunganze.

o Umuganga azosuzuma ko hoba hari imigera (infections) umuvyeyi yanduye yoshobora kugirira nabi umwana, yoba:

o Imigera itera gukama amaraso (inzoka zo mu nda canke malariya)

o Imigera yandukira mu bihimba vy’irondoka na SIDA.o Toxemia (umuvuduko w’ikirenga w’amaraso no kuvyimba

ibiganza no mu maso). o Umuganga azoca abaha imiti ni hagira imigera abasangamwo. o Umuganga azopima umuvyeyi kugira ngo arabe ko yoba afise ingwara

canke ubumuga vyotuma ageramirwa no gupfa ariko aribaruka canke hagapfa umwana.

Abarezi b’abana bazotunganya integuro yo kwibaruka.o Abarezi b’abana bazoza baraziganya amafaranga y’itike rizobashikana

kw’ivuriro. o Abarezi b’abana bazobika impuzu zisukuye z’umwana na nyina.

Umuvyeyi arashobora kandi no kuzokenera ibihuzu vyo gutega amaraso azova ahejeje kwibaruka.

o Abarezi b’abana bazotekera imfungurwa n’amazi umuvyeyi azokwihereza ahejeje kwibaruka.

o Abarezi b’abana bazorondera umuntu azosigara abarabira abana bakuze kandi wo gusigarana urugo mu gihe umuvyeyi azoba yagiye kwibaruka.

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Ibikoresho:1. Ibitabo vyo Guhamagariramwo Amazina vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure

Icigwa ca 1 mu ncamake: Agakino: Abantu ku Bandi Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Kuja kwa

Muganga Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ziri mu gitabo

c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho ku mpapuro za 6-11 zivuga ivy’Umwitwarariko w’imbere yo Kwibaruka, Ubufasha butangwa kwa muganga, no Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka.

Igikorwa: Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato zijanye no

kwitwararika abana mu buryo budasanzwe no kubaha agaciro.

1. Saba umugore wese arondere uwo bakinana maze amuhagarare i ruhande. 2. Ubasigurire ko uwurongoye agakino aza kuvuga ico bakora, maze abo babiri

bagaca bakoranyako ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri bivuzwe. 3. Nk’akarorero, uwurongoye agakino ni yavuga ati, “Umugongo ku wundi”

abariko barakinana baca bahagarara bagakoranyako imigongo. Uwurongoye agakino avuze ati, “Ikiyunguyungu ku kindi” abo bakinana baca bahagarara bagakoranyako ibiyunguyungu. Uwurongoye agakino avuze ati, “Amavi ku yandi” Uwo ariko arakina aca akoranyako amavi n’uwo bakinana. Ariko rero, uwurongoye agakino ni yavuga ati, “Umuntu ku wundi” umwe wese ategerezwa guca yiruka kurondera uwo bakinana mushasha.

4. Za urababwira ibindi bishasha bakora ukoresheje ibihimba vy’umubiri bitandukanye.

5. Shishikara kubabwira ivyo bakora bishasha ukoresheje ibihimba vy’umubiri bitandukanye gushika ubonye ko abo bagore bose bariko baratwenga kandi binezereje.

Noneho ko tumaze kuronka inguvu, ni muze dutangure icigwa cacu.

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1. Agakino: Abantu ku Bandi - iminota 10

2. Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane

1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Agatabo ka mbere (Module 1).

2. Umu Promoteri akabaza ko hariho Umuvyeyi Tubaramure yoba yaragize ingorane mu nama yamuhuje n’abavyeyi. Umu Promoteri akaronderera hamwe n’abo Bavyeyi umuti w’izo ngorane, akabafasha gutora umuti w’ingorane bafise, kandi agasaba impanuro abandi Bavyeyi Tubaramure bari ngaho.

3. Umu Promoteri akabaza abavyeyi bapfuye, abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha muri iyo migwi y’Inkerebutsi. Umu promoteri akandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.

4. Umu Promoteri agaheza agashimira abo bagore bose ku mwete berekana mu gikorwa kandi akabahimiriza ngo bashishikare.

Kuja kwa Muganga (Isanamu 1.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru Soma inkuru iri ku rupapuro rwa 4 rw’igitabo mfashanyigisho. Usigure ivy’abo bantu babiri bavugwa muri iyo nkuru: Karorero ni wa mugore

nyene twabonye mu Gitabo (module) duhejeje. Ni Umuvyeyi Tubaramure kandi yama abonana n’umugwi Tubaramure wiwe buri kwezi. Barumwete nawe ni umwe mu bagize umugwi w’Inkerebutsi urongowe na Karorero. Tuzokwihweza vyinshi kuri Barumwete hamwe n’ibibazo bimuhanze muri aka Gatabo (module).

Iyi nkuru ni iyo guhimiriza ikiyago ku budasa buri hagati yo kuja kwa muganga kwivuza no kuja kwa muganga mu ntumbero yo kwikingira ibigeramira amagara (preventive).

Barumwete abonye Karorero ariko ararengana mu nzira. Barumwete aramubaza, ati “Ugiye hehe?” . Karorero amwishura, ati “Ngiye kwa Muganga. Ndibungenze kandi nshaka ko jewe hamwe n’akayoya nibungenze twoshishikara kugira amagara meza.” Barumwete nawe ati, “Mushishikare kugira amagara meza? None ugomba kuvuga ko utagwaye? Jeho nahora niyumvira ko abantu bagwaye gusa ari bo baja kwa muganga.”

4. Gutohoza Soma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 4 rw’igitabo mfashanyigisho. Baza ikibazo ca mbere kugira ngo musubiremwo iyo nkuru.

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Baza ikibazo kigira kabiri kugira ngo umenye ico abo bagore bizera ku kuja kwa muganga mu ntumbero yo kwikingira ibigeramira ubuzima.

Ubaze ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo urabe ko abo bagore bagiye kwa muganga gupimisha iyo mbanyi bibungenze.

Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Iyi paje ni iy’ikiyago, si iy’inyigisho.

Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho, uvuge uti “Ku rupapuro rukurikira, turaza kwumva ingene Karorero yishuye Barumwete. Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’ubutumwa buri kuri izi mpapuro zikurikira

? Mbega Karorero agiye hehe? Kubera iki?? Ni izihe mvo zotuma umuvyeyi aja kwa muganga kandi

atagwaye?? Mbega waramaze kuja kwa muganga gupimisha iyi

mbanyi ufise? Kuki ego canke kuki oya?

Umwitwarariko w’Imbere yo Kwibaruka mu Gihe c’Imbanyi (Isanamu 1.2) – iminota 5

5. Kwerekana: Saba abarezi b’abana batondagure ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku

rupapuro rw’7.

? Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

6. Gusigura: Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 6 na 7 z’Agatabo

k’amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse

isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

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Ni waba wiyumvira ko woba wibungenze, ni uje kwa Muganga. o Bishitse ukumva hari ivyinyagaza mu nda yawe, ja kwa Muganga.o Bishitse ntuje mu mihango y’ukwezi, ja kwa Muganga.o Genda ubobane n’umukozi wo kwa Muganga naho woba wumva ko

utagwaye.o Abo bakozi bo kwa muganga baratanga amavitamine afasha kugira

ngo umuvyeyi n’ikibondo bashishikare kugira amagara meza mu gihe c’imbanyi.

Ja kubonana n’abaganga n’iburiburi gatatu mu gihe c’imbanyi.o Umuganga amaze kwemeza ko wibungenze, azoca akumenyesha

igihe wogarukirako. o Mu bisanzwe, abagore baja gupimisha imbanyi kwa muganga rimwe

buri mezi atatu. o Bishitse umuganga akabona ingorane, azoca akubwira kuza

urasubirayo kenshi.o Abaganga bazosuzuma umuvyeyi maze bamushikirize impanuro

zizotuma yibaruka neza.

Ubufasha Butangwa kwa Muganga (Isanamu 1.3) – iminota 5

7. Kwerekana: Saba abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku

rupapuro rw’9


8. Gusigura: Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 8 na 9 z’Igitabo

c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse


Umuganga arapima ubunini bw’inda kugira ngo atore ingene umwana angana. o Asanze umwana ari muto cane, aca ashikiriza impanuro zofasha uwo

mwana gukura. Umuganga agatanga kandi za vitamine n’incanco.

o Izo ncanco zirafasha mu kwirinda tetanus (Rudadaza) ku mwana no ku

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muvyeyi.o Vitamine zifasha umuvyeyi n’ikibondo gushishikara kugira amagara

meza no gukomera. Umuganga aravura n’ingwara zari gushobora kugirira nabi umuvyeyi

n’ikibondo. o Akaraba kw’imerero ry’ingohe ngo arabe ko amaraso yoba adakwiye

(gukama amaraso). o Akaraba ko intoke canke mu maso hoba havyimvye biturutse ku

ngwara yo kuvyimba (toxemia). o Akavoma ishantiyo y’amaraso kugira ngo agenzure arabe ko

umuvyeyi atagwaye ingwara zandukira mu mpuzabitsina canke SIDA. Umuganga araraba kandi ko ata ngorane zoshobora gutuma kwibaruka

bigorana.o Iyo umwana aticaye neza mu nda birashobora gutuma amagara

y’umuvyeyi ageramirwa cane mu gihe co kwibaruka. o Umuganga azofasha umuryango gutegekanya kwibarukira mu

bitaro canke kw’ivuriro.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaAmavitamine Ahabwa Abavyeyi Bibungenze Amavitamine akwiye guhabwa abavyeyi bibungenze arimwo ibinini vya folate

na fer. Iyo fer tuzoyivugako vyinshi mu cigwa ca 3. Folate ifasha mu kwirinda kuvyara abana badakwije ibiro no gukinga

ubumuga bw’imitsi y’ubwonko (ubumuga bw’ubwonko canke bw’uruti rw’umugongo). Iyo umugore yibungenze adafise folate ikwiye, ubwonko n’uruti rw’umugongo vy’umwana ntibishobora gukura ngo bishike ku rugero rushimishije. Ivyo kenshi bigaca vyandurukamwo ubumuga butari bumwe (paralizi) ku mwana.

Urucanco rwa Tetanusi (Rudadaza) Iyo umuvyeyi yibungenze ahawe urucanco rwa tetanusi (rudadaza), umwana

wiwe nawe aba akingiwe. Uwo muvyeyi aca arungika abasoda b’umubiri (uduhimba two kugwanya tetanusi) mu mwana baciye mu ngovyi (isaho yo kugaburira umwana).

Ibimenyetso vya Tetanusi (Rudadaza) Ibimenyetso vya tetanusi ku mwana birimwo ubushuhe, kunanirwa kwonka,

kurira adaca, guhemagurika, no kudadarara kw’umubiri. Toxemie (Preeclampsie) Hariho ubuvyimbe bumwe bumwe ku muntu afise imbanyi buba ari

ubusanzwe na cane cane ubw’amaguru n’ingingo, yamara kuvyimba intoke no mu maso birashobora kuba ibimenyetso vya toxemie. Ibitera toxemia gushika ubu ntibiramenyekana. Ibimenyetso vyayo bikaba umurindi munini w’amaraso, kuvyimba intoke no mu maso, hamwe no gusohora uduhimba ndemamubiri (proteines) mu mukoyo iyo umuntu yibungenze.

Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka (Isanamu 1.4) – iminota 5

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9. Kwerekana: Ni musabe abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku

rupapuro rwa 11


10. Gusigura: Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 10 na 11 z’Agitabo

k’amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse


Igihe co kwibaruka cegereje, ni utunganye integuro yo kwibaruka. Uziganye amafaranga y’itike uzokenera mu kwiyunguruza. Usabe umuntu azogusigaranira abana mu gihe utazoba uhari.

o Urondere umuntu azoza arategura imfungurwa z’umuryango. Urondere umuntu azoguherekeza kugira ngo agufashe mu gihe uzoba uriko

uribaruka kwa Muganga.o Kandi umusabe azogume hafi yawe mu gihe co kwibaruka n’inyuma

yaho. Ubike impuzu zifise isiku zawe n’iz’umwana. Utegure imfungurwa n’amazi

uzokwihereza uhejeje kwibaruka.

?Ni kuki bihambaye ko wokwitegurira kwibaruka ubu?

11. Igikorwa: Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka – iminota 15

1. Ongera mwihweze urupapuro rwa nyuma rwo mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho rw’iki cigwa co“Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibarukira kwa Muganga.”

2. Ubabaze ko muri bo hoba harimwo abavyeyi bamaze kwibarukira kwa muganga. Mbega hoba hariho ibintu bari bakeneye bitaboneka muri iki Gitabo

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c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho? Mbega hari ibikoresho vyashizwe muri iki Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho batakeneye?

3. Baza umuvyeyi wese uti, “Mbega uramaze kwegeranya ivyo uzokenera vyose mu kwibaruka?” Asangwa umuvyeyi atararonka ivyo azokenera vyose, mubaze igihe ategekanya kubigurirako. Uhimirize umuvyeyi wese kugira ngo kuva uyu musi atere intambwe yo gutangura kuza Aratunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka.

4. Baza abagize uwo mugwi uti, “Mbega hakenewe amafaranga angahe y’itike ryo gushika kwa Muganga?”

5. Baza umuvyeyi wese uti, “Mbega wotangura kuza uraziganya amafaranga y’itike?”

6. Baza umuvyeyi wese uti, “Ni nde woshobora gusaba kuzogusigaranira abandi bana bawe igihe uzoba udahari wagiye kwibaruka?”

7. Ni muyage ku bibazo vyose boba bafise bijanye no gutunganya integuro yo kwibaruka. Uhimirize abataratangura gutunganya integuro ko botangura uyu musi.

8. Ubibutse kandi ko bihambaye ko iyo nteguro boyiyaga n’abagize umuryango bose maze bagatangura kwitegurira ivuka.

12. Gucaca – iminota 10

? None ibi vyiyumviro muvyiyumvirako iki? Mbega hoba hariho ibintu vyoshobora kukubuza gukurikiza ingendo duhejeje kuyagako uyu musi?

Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande yabo. Ni bavugane nawe amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.

13. Gutomora – iminota 5

Bafashe kuronka umuti w’amadidane yabo. Ni haba hari umugore yishuye neza amakenga y’uwundi mugore, ni umushimire kandi uhimirize abandi bagore ngo bazirikane umuti yashikirije.

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14. Kwimenyereza no kumenyereza ─ iminota 20

1. Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.

2. Bwira abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu batemera mu vyo bigishijwe; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba igoye kuri bo.

3. Abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bashikiriza izo nyigisho bakwiye kugerageza gufasha abo bagore gutsinda izo ntambamyi.

4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa zikurikira zo mu Gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

5. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwumviriza, agakosora, kandi agafasha Abavyeyi Tubaramure vyagoye.

6. Bose bahejeje, ace yishura ibibazo abo bavyeyi boba bafise ku bijanye n’ibikoresho, canke n’icigwa c’uyu musi.

15. Kwiyemeza ─ iminota 2

? Mbega uragomba gufata ingingo ijanye n’inyigisho wumvise uyu musi? None icemezo cawe ni ikihe?

Saba umuvyeyi wese avuge mu majambo yikuriye mu kanwa icemezo gishasha agiye gufata uyu musi. Umuvyeyi wese arashobora kwihitiramwo icemezo abona ko gihambaye gusumba ibindi kuri we.

Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuzoyaga n’umufasha wanje ivyo gutunganya integuro yo kwibaruka. Kandi niyemeje ko nzoza ndaja gupimisha imbanyi rimwe mu mezi atatu. Niyemeje ko nzokwihutira kuja kwa Muganga ni nabona ibimenyetso binyereka ko noba nibungenze.

16

16. Gusuzuma ─ iminota 15

Baza abo bavyeyi umwe umwe ku vyemezo bari bafashe.

? Mbega mu cigwa giherutse wari wiyemeje gukora iki? None ico wiyemeje waragishize mu ngiro?

? Gute – Ni iki wakoze?

Hanyuma uce ubaza abo bagore bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze:

Mbega hari ingendo nshasha mu vy’amagara woba waragerageje gushira mu ngiro kuva igihe twaheruka guhurira mu nama?

Mbega uremera ko ushobora kugira ivyo wohindura vyokuzanira akarusho k’amagara meza mu buzima bwawe?

Mbega warayaze n’abandi bagore bo mu mugwi wawe ku vyo kugira ivyo bahindura mu rugo?

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Icigwa ca 2: Ingaburo y’Umuvyeyi

Abavyeyi bibungenze bazokwongereza isahani canke agasahani k’imfungurwa ku vyo basanzwe bafungura buri musi kugira ngo ikibondo gikure neza mu kiringo c’imbanyi.

o Abarezi b’abana bazoyaga ku kamaro ko kunganisha imfungurwa abagize umuryango bafungura badasize inyuma ivy’imfungurwa zokongerwa abagore iyo bibungenze.

Abagore bibungenze bazofungura ubwoko bwinshi bw’imfungurwa zifise amabara atandukanye.

Imisi yose, abagore bibungenze bazoza barihereza ibiribwa vyo muri buri mugwi mu migwi itatu y’imfungurwa harimwo ivyo mu mugwi w’insanganyangaburo (ivyamwa n’imboga) ivyo mu mugwi w’indemamubiri (inyama, amata, ibiharage, n’ivyema), hamwe n’ivyo mu mugwi w’intanganguvu (intete, imbumbarugo n’amavuta).4

o Abagore bibungenze bazoronka akaryo ko gushikiriza ivyiyumviro ku mfungurwa nsubirizi boshobora gutegura zikaba arizo bihereza iyo ibisanzwe bifungurwa mu muryango batakibifitiye akayabagu kubera gusesemwa.

Abagore bibungenze bazokwirinda gukoresha itabi n’inzoga mu gihe cose bazomara bibungenze kugira ngo ntibazohave bavyara umwana adakwije ibiro.

Abarezi b’abana bazokwihutira kuja kwa muganga ubwo nyene bakibona ibimenyetso bibereka ko boba bibungenze bikurikira:

o Kuva amaraso mu gihimba c’irondokao Kumeneka umutwe cane o Kuribwa mu nda caneo Kudahwa kudahesha


Icigwa ca 2 mu ncamake: Agakino: Ni nde Ari Umurongozi Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Imbanyi ya

Barumwete Itamworoheye Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho iri ku mpapuro za 14-19 z’iki

cigwa mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku vyo Kwongereza

4 Diverse diet with many colors will help to increase the micronutrients in the diet: phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, copper, zinc, magnesium, and iron (LDM). Objectives containing a black diamond were recommended messages based on the Local Determinants of Malnutrition Study.

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Imfungurwa n’Amoko yazo, Ubwoko Butatu bw’Imfungurwa, hamwe n’Ibimenyetso vyo Kugeramirwa ku Mugore yibungenze.

Igikorwa: Gutegekanya Imfungurwa Zitera Amagara Meza Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato zijanye no

Gupimisha Imbanyi no Gutunganya integuro yo Kwibaruka.

1. Agakino: Ni nde Ari Umurongozi - iminota 10

1. Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bicare mu muzingi. Umwe avyigombeye ace asohoka hanze.

2. Uwo yavyigombeye amaze gusohoka, umugwi usigaye uca witorera umurongozi. Uwo murongozi ategerezwa kuza arakora ibintu bitandukanye, nko gukoma amashi, kudida ukuguru hasi, canke gukomanya intoke zibiri zikavuga. Ico uwo murongozi akoze cose abandi bose bo muri uwo mugwi baca bacigana.

3. Umwe yasohoka avyigombeye aragaruka maze agahagarara hagati mu muzingi. Igikorwa ciwe ni ico kugerageza kuvumbura uwo murongozi wo mw’ibanga. Uwo murongozi aza arahindura ivyo akora mw’ibanga ku buryo adafatwa. Abagize umugwi nabo bakamukingira mu kutaza baramuraba.

4. Mw’ibanga, umurongozi w’umugwi atangura ikindi gikorwa nk’uko yari yabigize mu minota mike iheze. Abandi baza barakurikira uwo murongozi bakorana nawe ico akoze. Haciye ayandi masegonda make, yongera gutanguza ikindi gishasha. Kandi ubwo nyene abandi bakimara kubona ko yahinduye, bakwiye nabo guca basubiramwo ico uwo murongozi wabo akoze.

5. Uwo arondera umurongozi bishitse akamutora, we aca yinjira mu muzingi, umwe yari umurongozi nawe agaca asohoka hanze kugira ngo hatorwe uwundi murongozi.

6. Ako gakino ni mugasubiremwo incuro nyinshi.

? Mbega aka kagino twokigirako iki kijanye n’ubuzima? Birashika ugasanga uwufata ingingo aranyegeje ntashoka aboneka. Kenshi iyo tubonanye n’abagore mu ngo zabo, twama dusanga hariho abandi

bo mu muryango babarongora canke babatuma gufata ingingo bafata. Birakenewe ko dushikiriza inyigisho abagore, ariko kandi tukanabafasha

gushikiriza izo nyigisho abafise ijambo mu miryango yabo.

Hinge noneho dutangure icigwa.

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1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Igitabo ca mbere (Module 1).

2. Umu Promoteri akabaza ko hariho Umuvyeyi Tubaramure yoba yaragize ingorane mu nama yamuhuje n’abavyeyi. Umu Promoteri akaronderera hamwe n’abo bavyeyi umuti w’izo ngorane, akabafasha gutora umuti w’ingorane bafise, kandi agasaba impanuro abandi Bavyeyi Tubaramure bari ngaho.

3. Umu Promoteri akabaza abavyeyi bapfuye, abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha muri iyo migwi y’ababanyi. Umu promoteri akandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.


Imbanyi ya Barumwete (Isanamu 2.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru Soma inkuru iri ku rupapuro rwa 12 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho. Iyo nkuru itubwira ukuntu Barumwete afise imbanyi itamworoheye. Iyo

twihweje neza ku masanamu, turabona ko ingorane imwe ari uko bose badahabwa imfungurwa zingana muri urwo rugo, hari abahabwa bike abandi bagahabwa vyinshi.

Barumwete nawe aribungenze. Iyo mbanyi yaramugoye. Akora amasaha menshi mu mirima, ariko kenshi yama arushe. Nta nguvu aronka zo guheza ico aba ariko arakora. Barumwete yihereza za mfungurwa nyene yari asanzwe afungura buri musi, ariko ntiyunguka ibiro. Arazi ko n’umwana yibungenze atariko arakura neza. Arafise ubwoba ko akayoya kiwe koba kagwaye.

4. Gutohoza Soma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 12 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu

Mfashanyigisho. Soma ibibazo bibiri vya mbere vyofasha abavyeyi gutomboza ibibatera intege

nke, no kutunguka ibiro. Barumwete arakwiye kuza araruhuka iyo yibungenze kandi akagerageza kudakora cane nk’uko yahora akora iyo atibungenze. Arakwiye kandi kurushiriza kuza arafungura ibifungurwa bitandukanye, kandi akarya kenshi gusumba.

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Baza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo urabe ko abavyeyi bemera ko abavyeyi bibungenze bikenewe ko buhindura ingene bari bazanzwe bafungura n’ingene bari basanzwe bakora iyo bibungenze.


Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni kuki imbanyi ya Barumwete yamugoye?? None izo ngorane zose zanduruka ku ki? ? Mbega wewe warahinduye ingene usanzwe ufungura

n’ingene usanzwe ukora kuva aho umariye kwibungenga? Gute?

Kugwiza Ubwinshi n’Amoko y’Imfungurwa(Isanamu 2.2)


rupapuro rwa 15.


6. Gusigura: Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 14 na 15 z’igitabo



Buri musi ni wihereze isahani canke agasahani k’imfugurwa ziyongera ku zo wari usanzwe ufungura.

o Izo mfungurwa arenzako ni zo ziha inguvu umuvyeyi yibungenze.o Izo mfungurwa zirenzeko ni zo zifasha umwana gukura.o Asangwa usanzwe kandi wonsa uwundi mwana, buri musi ni

wongerezeko amasahani abiri canke udusahani tubiri. o Maze ubandanye kwonsa gushika igihe uwundi azovukira.

Kuva ukimara kumenya ko wibungenze, uze urarya vyinshi gusumba ivyo wahora ufungura.

o Umugabo ari muri iyi sanamu agomba ko umugore wiwe yogira

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amagara meza, yama rero yitwararika ko iyo yibungenze, yihereza ibindi bifungurwa birenze ku vyo yahora afungura.

Uze uraruhuka bikwiye iyo wibungenze. Kandi ugabanye akazi wahora ukora.o Gabura akazi kawe gakorwe n’abandi bari mu muryango.o Gira ibiringo vyo kuruhuka iyo uriko urakora, wicare uruhuke.

Ugire umuziro kunywa itabi canke inzoga iyo wibungenze. o Itabi n’inzoga vyongereza ingorane yo kuvyara abana b’intege nke

canke badakwije ibiro.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaItabi n’Inzoga Icigwa cakorewe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika carerekanye ko

kugeramirwa no kuvyara umwana adakwije ibiro kwiyongera gushika ku bice 26 kw’ijana ku masigareti atanu yose umuntu anyoye ku musi. Ibiharuro nk’ivyo vyarerekanywe kandi ku muntu anyoye ibirahuri bitatu vy’inzoga ku musi. Uworondera kumenya vyinshi, yoshobora kuronderera kuri: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/121/6/843

Imigwi Itatu y’Ibifungurwa (Isanamu 2.3) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 17.





o Hariho imigwi itatu y’ibifungurwa: Ndemamubiri, ntanganguvu, na nsanganyangaburo.

Imfungurwa ndemamubiri zidufasha kugira amagufa akomeye n’imisoso. o Ni wihereze imyama n’amafi.o Wihereze imfungurwa z’amata nk’amata nyene hamwe n’ikivuguto. o Ni wihereze amagi.o Ufungure ibiharage, ivyema, n’ibinyambuto.

Imfungurwa ntanganguvu zituronsa inguvu n’inkomezi mu bikorwa vyacu vya misi

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http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/121/6/843

yose. o Wihereze amavuta nk’amamesa, ibinure vy’inyama, hamwe n’amavuta

y’inka.o Ni wihereze ibiterwa vy’imizi nk’imyumbati, amateke, hamwe

n’ibijumbu.o Wihereze imfungurwa z’intete nk’ibigori n’umuceri.o Wihereze amasukari nk’ubuki canke isukari y’igikaju.

Imfungurwa nsanganyangaburo zidukingira ingwara. o Wihereze imboga nk’amashu, intore, n’imboga z’amababi.o Wihereze ivyamwa nk’imihwi, amavoka, amapera, papaye, n’imyembe.

Imisi yose, wihereze imfungurwa zo muri iyo migwi itatu y’imfungurwa.o Wongereze gato ku bwinshi bw’ivyo bifungurwa mu vyo umuryango

wawe wihereza buri musi.o Wihereze igifungurwa kimwe co muri buri mugwi buri musi.

? Ni ibihe bimwe mu bifungurwa mbumbarugo mwama mwihereza buri musi? Mbega vyoba bibonekamwo n’iburiburi igifungurwa kimwe co muri buri mugwi?

? Mbega hoba hariho imfungurwa ziri kuri uru rupapuro woba utihereza? None ni kuki utazifungura?

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaImiziro Hariho abantu bamwe bemera ko igitigu gitera abagore n’abana guhongoka

amenyo; yamara ivyo si ukuri. Igitigu ni co kintu ca mbere umuntu yoshobora gukuramwo icunyunyu fer kandi ni cogifungurwa yokwihereza cubaka umubiri.

Abantu bamwe bemeza ko amavoka n’amata bituma umwana agira ibiro “vyinshi cane”. Amata n’amavoka birimwo ivyunyunyu vyinshi kandi birashobora gutuma umuntu yongereza ibiro. Yamara rero, iyo umuntu agiye aravyiherezako duke duke buri ndwi, biragirira akamaro cane amagara y’umuvyeyi. Iyo bibonetse ko habaye kwiyongera kw’ibiro cane, abavyeyi barashobora guca basubiriza amata canke amavoka n’ikindi gifungurwa co muri uwo mugwi nyene w’ibifungurwa nk’uko bavyifuza.

Ibimenyetso vyo Kugeramirwa ku Wibungenze (Isanamu 2.4) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 19 rw’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.


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Ni wabona kimwe mu bimenyetso bikurikira vyo kugeramirwa, nyarukira kwa muganga udahengeshanije.

o Mbere n’abagore basanzwe bafungura neza kandi bakaruhuka bikwiye iyo bibungenze birashika bakagira ingorane.

o Ntubanze kurindira ngo urabe ko vyiheza.o Nyarukira kwa muganga kwivuza.

Gucishako (kuva amaraso mu gihimba c’irondoka kandi wibungenze) Kumeneka umutwe cane

o Kumeneka umutwe cane no kuvyimba intoke canke mu maso ni ibimenyetso vyerekana ko imbanyi yawe igeramiwe.

Kuribwa cane mu nda Kudahwa kudahagarara

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaPreeclampsia (toxemia) Ni urabe mu Cigwa ca 1 kugira ngo umenye vyinshi kuri toxemia.

11. Igikorwa: Gutegekanya Imfungurwa Zitera Amagara Meza – iminota 15

1. Saba umugore wese atoranye uwo bafashanya mu mugwi. 2. Maze uce ubasaba kuyaga ku mfungurwa basanzwe bategurira umuryango. 3. Ni ubahimirize kwiyumvira ingene boshobora kwongereza imfungurwa

z’ayandi mabara, n’imfungurwa zo muri buri mugwi w’imfungurwa mu vyo bagaburira umuryango. Basabe kandi kuyaga ku mfungurwa canke udufungurwa bokwiyongera buri musi iyo bibungenze.

4. Usabe kandi umugore wese gutoranya igifungurwa kimwe canke bibiri yokwongereza mu vyo agaburira umuryango buri ndwi, hamwe n’akandi gasahani bokongerako kugira ngo bongereze ubwinshi bw’ibiribwa bihereza buri musi.

5. Inyuma y’iminota 10, saba abo bagore bashikirize ivyiyumviro vyabo mu mugwi bose bamaze kuja hamwe.

6. Himiriza ikiyago.

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12. Gucaca: iminota 10

? None ibi vyiyumviro uvyiyumvirako iki? Mbega hoba hariho ibintu vyoshobora kukubuza gukurikiza ingendo duhejeje kuyagako uyu musi?

Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande rwabo. Ni bavugane nawe amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.




1. Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buryo bwo kwigisha.

2. Bwira abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu batemera muri izo nyigisho; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba igoye kuri bo.


4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa zikurikira zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.



25




Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje ko nzoza ndafungura n’iburiburi igifungurwa kimwe co muri buri mugwi w’ibifungurwa buri musi. Kandi niyemeje ko nzoza ndafungura vyinshi gusumba ivyo nahora mfungura iyo nibungenze. Niyemeje kandi kuzokwongerako imfungurwa z’amabara atandukanye mu mfungurwa ntegurira umuryango. Niyemeje kuyaga n’umufasha wanje ku vyo kwongereza imfungurwa nshasha mu mfungurwa z’umuryango wacu.





Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze:

Mbega hari uwundi muntu mwayaze ivyo kuja kuvyarira kwa muganga? None hari umuntu wamaze gusaba kuzogusigaranira urugo mu gihe utazoba

uhari wagiye kwa muganga kwibaruka? Mbega waragiye gupimisha imbanyi yawe mu mezi atatu aheze? None

uzosubirayo ryari? Icigwa ca 3: Ivyunyunyu (Fer na Iyode)

26

Abarezi b’abana bazoshobora kudondora ingene icunyunyu fer gifasha mu gukomeza abavyeyi n’abana kugira ngo kwibaruka no kuvuka bizogende neza.

o Iyo mu mubiri harimwo icunyunyu fer gikwiye, umuvyeyi n’umwana baba bakomeye mu gihe co kwibaruka no kuvuka.

o Iyo umuvyeyi yakamye amaraso, uwo muvyeyi aba ageramiwe cane n’urupfu kubera ko kwibaruka gutwara umwanya munini kandi agatakaza amaraso menshi.

o Iyo umwana afise amaraso make, uwo mwana arashobora kuvuka hatageze, canke akavuka ari muto cane, canke akavuka yapfuye.

Abavyeyi bibungenze bazokwongerezwa icunyunyu fer (vitamine) kugira ngo ntibakame amaraso.

Abavyeyi bibungenze bazoza barihereza imfungurwa zirimwo icunyunyu fer cinshi buri musi harimwo ibiharage, lentiye, imboga z’ibara ry’icatsi kibisi, hamwe n’inyama zo mu nda n’izo mu mutwe.

o Igitigu ni yo ndya ya mbere umuvyeyi yoshobora kwihereza kugira ngo yongereze icunyunyu fer.

Abarezi b’abana bazoshobora gutahura ibimenyetso vyo gukama amaraso no kuronderera ubufasha kwa muganga.

o Imbere y’imerero ry’ingohe, mu nzara, no ku rurimi heruruka (canke hatagiramwo amaraso) iyo icunyunyu fer kidakwiye.

o Abantu bamwe bakuze n’abana bifuza kurya imicafu iyo bafise icunyunyu fer gike mu mubiri. Ukwo kwifuza ni imburi yobamenyesha ko umubiri ukeneye kwongerezwa icunyunyu fer.

Abavyeyi bibungenze bazokwirinda mu gihe co gufungura, kwihereza imfungurwa zinunuza icunyunyu fer, nk’icayi, kakawo, ikawa, n’ibindi binyobwa birimwo kafeyine.

Abarezi b’abana bazoshobora gusigura ingene iyode ironsa inguvu abavyeyi n’utuyoya kugira ngo kwibaruka no kuvuka bizogende neza.

o Iyode ifasha ubwonko bw’umwana ariko arakura gutera imbere. Iyo icunyunyu iyode ari gike cane, ivyo bironona ubwonko bw’umwana bigatuma abana batazoshobora gukora neza mw’ishure.

o Ubuke bw’icunyunyu iyode buratuma abana bapfa bariko baravuka (canke imbanyi igakoroka).

Abavyeyi bibungenze boza barongereza akunyu gake karimwo iyode mu mfungurwa zabo buri musi iyo bibungenze canke bonsa.

Ibikoresho:1. Ibitabo vyo Guhamagariramwo Amazina vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure2. Agapaki k’umunyu urimwo icunyunyu iyode*3. Igisanzwe kibikwamwo ibinini birimwo icunyunyu fer*Icigwa ca 3 mu ncamake: Agakino: Hagarara i Ruhande y’Uwundi Muntu

27

Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Barumwete

Afise Ibizunguzungu Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho iri ku mpapuro 22-26

z’Agatabo k’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku vy’akamaro k’icinyunyu fer n’Ibimenyetso vyo kugikena, Kwiyongereza icunyunyu fer mu mfungurwa no mu mavitane, hamwe n’Akamaro k’icunyunyu Iyode n’Ibimenyetso vyo Kugikena.

Igikorwa: Kwihweza Ibimenyetso Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato zijanye

n’ingaburo y’umuvyeyi.

1. Saba abo bagore kuva hasi maze baze baratambuka buke buke.2. Ubasigurire ko uwurongoye agakino aza kuvuga ubwoko bumwe bw’impuzu

(canke ibiranga impuzu) maze abo bagore bagaca biruka baja guhagarara i ruhande y’uwo yambaye impuzu ihejeje kuvugwa canke kudondorwa.

3. Nk’akarorero uwurongoye agakino arashobora kuvuga ati, “Ni mundonderere umuntu yambaye ibitukura.” Muri ico gihe abagore baca biruka bakaja guhagarara i ruhande y’uwambaye ibitukura. Uwo yambaye ibitukura we aca ahagarara akarindira ko abandi baza kumukikuza.

4. Hanyuma uwurongoye agakino akabwira abo bagore kwongera kugendagenda. Akongera kubabwira ikindi bakora, nk’akarorero ati, “ni mundonderere umuntu yambaye amaherena” Uwo yambaye amaherena aca ahagarara kugira ngo abandi baze kumukikuza.

5. Ubandanye kuza urategeka abo bagore ico bakora, kandi ubahimiriza ngo bagendagende mu kurindira ko ubabwira utanga irindi tegeko.

6. Gerageza kubategeka ibintu bijanye n’ivyigwa vyatambutse, nk’ibi ngo “ni mundonderere umuntu yagiye gupimisha imbanyi” canke ngo “ni mundonderere umuntu abana biwe bose abaha agaciro kamwe”

7. Uhe n’abandi bo mu mugwi akaryo ko kurongora ako gakino.

Noneho ko tumaze kuronka inguvu, hinge dutangure icigwa.

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1. Agakino: Hagarara i Ruhande y’Uwundi Muntu - iminota 10


1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Igitabo Mfashanyigisho ca mbere (Module 1).




Barumwete Afise Ibizunguzungu (Isanamu 3.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru Ni musome inkuru iri ku rupapuro rwa 20 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu

Mfashanyigisho. Iyo nkuru ivuga ivy’ibimenyetso vyerekana umuntu afise icunyunyu fer gike

(yakamye amaraso). Barumwete yarananiwe gufungura neza kandi imbanyi yiwe ishishikara kumutera ingorane.

Karorero aciye ku rugo kwa Barumwete maze abona Barumwete yicaye hasi. Karorero aramubaza, ati “Ufise iyihe ngorane?”. Barumwete yishura ko yafashwe n’ikizunguzungu maze aca yicara hasi. Karorero aravye ku ruhu no mu nzara vya Barumwete abona bireruruka. Kandi arahezagirika.

4. Gutohoza Ni usome ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 20 rw’Igitabo Mfashanyigisho. Ubaze ibibazo bibiri vya mbere kugira ngo ufashe abo bagore gutomboza

imvo ingwara ya Barumwete yandurutseko. Baza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo umenye ingene abo bagore bokwifata

canke bovura iyo ngwara. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe

wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Iyi paje ni iy’ikiyago, si iy’inyigisho.

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Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni ibiki bitagenda neza kuri Barumwete?? None iyo ngwara yiwe yanduruka ku ki? ? Ni iki Barumwete yoshobora gukora kugira ngo akire iyo

ngwara?

Akamaro k’Icunyunyu Fer hamwe n’Ibimenyetso vyo Kugikena mu Mubiri (Isanamu 3.2) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 23.





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Abavyeyi bafise icunyunyu fer gike baragira ingorane mu kwibaruka. o Icunyunyu fer ni icunyunyu kiboneka mu mfungurwa zimwe zimwe.o Iyo umuntu afise icunyunyu fer gike biramugora gukora amasaha

menshi.o Icunyunyu fer gike kirashobora gutuma umuntu ahezagirika kandi

umutima ukiruka cane.o Abavyeyi benshi bafise icunyunyu fer kidakwiye bapfa bariko

baribaruka. Icunyunyu fer gitera inguvu kandi kigafasha umuvyeyi gukora cane.

o Icunyunyu fer gituma amaraso y’umuvyeyi n’ay’umwana akomera.o Icunyunyu fer giha umuvyeyi inguvu zo gutera (mu kwibaruka).

Iminwa, kw’imerero ry’ingohe, n’inzara vyeruruka ni ikimenyetso c’icunyunyu fer kidakwiye.

o Amaraso akomeye aba ari umutuku w’agahama. o Iyo amaraso adakomeye, aca ata ibara agacekuka.

Gutwaririza kurya imicafu ni ikimenyetso c’icunyunyu fer kidakwiye.o Ico ni ikimenyetso cerekana ko umubiri ukeneye ikindi cunyunyu

fer. oMuri ico gihe uzoce uja kubonana n’umuganga kugira ngo

muvugane ukuntu woza urafata amavitamine ya fer.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaIcunyunyu fer Iyo umuntu yibungenze, ubwinshi bw’amaraso ari mu mubiri wiwe

bwiyongerako 50%. Icunyunyu fer kirakenewe mu gutwara impwemu nziza duhema ziri mu

maraso ngo zishike mu bihimba vy’umubiri no mu nsimbizo isanzwe ari yo igaburira umwana mu nda.

Gukama Amaraso (Gukena icunyunyu fer mu mubiri) Gukena icunyunyu fer kurashobora kwanduruka ku kutihereza imfungurwa

zirimwo icunyunyu fer cinshi, yamara kandi kugashobora no kwanduruka ku gutakaza amaraso menshi mu gihe co kuja mu kwezi, canke kubera inzoka zo mu nda, canke malariya.

Abagore bakamye amaraso cane baba bageramiwe no guhitanwa n’imbanyi canke no kwibaruka ku bice 3.5 gusumba abandi bagore badafise iyo ngorane yo gukama amaraso.

Iyo ngorane ishikira abangana gute Nk’uko tubishikirizwa na UNICEF, ibice 50 kw’ijana vy’abakenyezi bibungenze

na 40-50% vy’abana batarakwiza imyaka 5 bo mu bihugu bitaratera imbere barakenye icunyunyu fer.

Inkurikizi Abavyeyi bakenye icunyunyu fer barageramurwa cane no kuvyara abana

batageze, kuvyara abana badakwije ibiro bandukiwe n’imigera y’ingwara, canke bafise abasoda b’umubiri badafise inguvu, batazoshobora kwiga amashure, bafise ubumuga bw’umubiri, mbere iyo bimeze nabi cane bigashika bagapfa.

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Ongereza Icunyunyu Fer mu Kwihereza Imfungurwa na Vitamine (Isanamu 3.3) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 25.





Wihereze imfungurwa zirimwo icunyunyu cinshi ca fer kugira ngo wirinde gukama amaraso no kuzohura n’ingorane uriko uribaruka.

o Wihereze ibiharage na lantiye buri musi.o Ufungure imboga z’ivyatsi buri musi.o Ufungure imyama zo mu nda nk’amafyigo, umutima, canke

igitigu rimwe buri ndwi. o Igitigu ni co gifungurwa ca mbere umugore yokwihereza kugira

ngo yongereze icunyunyu fer. Wirinde kunywa icayi canke ikawa uriko urafungura.

o Bene ivyo binyobwa bica binunuza fer yari mu vyo wihereje.o Asangwa utegerezwa kubinywa, urindire n’iburiburi inyuma

y’isaha imwe uhejeje gufungura. Unywe ibinini vya fer (vitamine) iyo wibungenze kugira ngo wirinde gukama

amaraso n’ingorane wozohava ugira mu kwibaruka. o Uze uranywa ibinini vya fer mu misi yose uzoba wibungenze

kugira ngo amaraso yawe n’ay’ikibondo ashishikare kuba ayakomeye.

Unywe ibinini vya fer imisi yose iyo ufunguye.o Unywe amazi menshi kandi urye ivyamwa vyinshi, imboga

nyinshi, ibiharage vyinshi, n’ivyema vyinshi kugira ngo bigufashe kutuzura inda.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaIbinini vy’Icunyunyu Fer Ibinini vy’icunyunyu fer (vyitwa kandi sulfate de fer) canke vitamine

z’abibungenze bikwiye kuba biriho kugira ngo abavyeyi bibungenze n’abonsa bashobore kubironka ku mavuriro.

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Abagore bakwiye kunywa ibinini vya fer buri musi, bakaza barabifatana n’imfungurwa bishobotse bagatangura inyuma yo kuja gupimisha imbanyi ubwa mbere.

Ingorane ivyo binini bishobora gutera Abagore benshi baramererwa nabi iyo bafashe ibinini vya fer. Zimwe mu

ngorane ivyo binini bishobora gutera zirimwo ingorane mu mushishito, ikirungurira, no kwuzura inda. Kugira ngo urabe ko abavyeyi boshishikara gufata ivyo binini vya fer, ubasigurire akamaro ko kubijanisha n’imfungurwa, na cane cane bishobotse ku mfungurwa zo mu gitondo canke iza saa sita.

Kunywa amazi menshi no gufungura imfungurwa zirimwo utugozi (fibre) birafasha mu gukingira izo ngorane ivyo binini bishobora gutera. Imfungurwa zifise utugozi zirimwo: ibiharage, ivyema, ivyamwa, n’imboga.

Iyo abagore badashoboye gushishikara gufata ivyo binini vya fer kubera ko bibamerera nabi, ubasabe gutangura buke buke, ikinini bakagicamwo kubiri, canke bakaza barasimbisha umusi mu kubifata gushika igihe bazoba bashobora gufata igitigiri gitegetswe.

Akamaro k’Icunyunyu Iyode hamwe n’Ibimenyetso vyo Kugikena mu Mubiri (Isanamu 3.4) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 27.





33

Umwana yavukanye iyode ikwiye azogira ubwenge mw’ishure.o Iyode ni icunyunyu kiboneka mu mfungurwa zimwe zimwe.o Iyode ituma ubwenge bw’umwana bukura neza.

Kandi iyode ibaye nke cane birashobora gutuma umwana apfa.o Ubwenge n’umubiri vy’umwana birashobora guhagarara ntibibe

bigikura maze bigatuma umwana apfa. Umwingo mw’izosi ni ikimenyetso cerekana ko iyode ari nke cane.

o Mbere naho umugore yibungenze yoba adafise umwingo, arakenera kwongereza iyode ku mfungurwa ziwe.

Ongerako akunyu gake karimwo iyode mu mfungurwa z’umuryango buri musi.

o Abagore bibungenze bakenera iyode nyinshi gusumba abandi bagore.

o Gukoresha umunyu urimwo iyode ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwongereza iyode.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaUmunyu Urimwo Icunyunyu Iyode Kuva mu mwaka w’1990, ibihugu34 vyarashizeho amategeko asaba ko

umunyu wose uribwa n’abantu n’ibitungwa ukwiye kuba urimwo iyode Gukena Icunyunyu Iyode Nk’uko twabishikirijwe n’ibiharuro vya UNICEF mu 2008, 98% vy’ingo

z’Abarundi bafungura neza umunyu urimwo iyode Iyode ni icunyunyu kirumara mw’iterambere no mu gukura kw’umubiri

w’umuntu. Gukena Iyode ni yo nyanduruko izwi cane y’ingorane zo mu mutwe kw’isi

yoshobora gutuzwa. Ubwoko bw’ikehabwenge bumeze nabi gusumba ubundi mu buterwa no gukena iyode ni ubwitwa cretinisme. Abantu bashika ku miliyoni 20 kw’isi barafise ingorane zo mu mutwe ku ngero zitandukanye zanduruka ku gukena iyode.

Ingorane ziterwa no gukena iyode zirashobora gutuma abantu batwara imbanyi zirimwo ingorane zishobora gukoroka, kuvyara abapfuye, no kuvyara abana badakwije ibiro bafise amahirwe make yo kubaho.

Ibimenyetso vyo Gukena Icunyunyu Iyode Umwingo na hypothyroidism (iyode nkeya cane) ni vyo bimenyetso vyo

gukena iyode. Hypothyroidism iragoye cane kubona hadakoreshejwe ibipimo vyo mu maraso kubera ko ibimenyetso biyiranga bishobora kwanduruka ku mvo myinshi. Ibimenyetso vya hypothyroidism ni ukwiyumvamwo uburuhe, akabonge, kwuma uruhu, kwiyumvamwo imbeho idasanzwe, no kwuzura inda

11. Igikorwa: Kwihweza Ibimenyetso – iminota 15

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1. Ereka abo bagore akapaki k’umunyu urimwo iyode. Ubasigurire ikimenyetso bakwiye kugenda barondera kiranga ako gapaki.

2. Ereka abo bagore agacupa k’ibinini vya fer. Ubasigurire aho bashobora kubironderera n’incuro bakwiye kubifata.

3. Hanyuma, usabe abo bagore bo mu mugwi kurabana ku mihogo. Mbega mu mugwi murabonyemwo abagore boba bafise imihogo ivyimvye? None baragiye kwa muganga gusaba iyode?

4. Baza umugwi uti, «Ni bangahe muri mwebwe muhora mushira umunyu urimwo iyode mu mfungurwa zanyu buri musi?” Usabe abo bagore babwire abandi bo mu mugwi ingene bakoresha uwo munyu urimwo iyode.

5. Saba abo bagore bo mu mugwi barabane ku ndimi, n’imbere kw’imerero ry’ingohe. Basuzume kandi no mu nzara.

6. Utore abagore bafise indimi, imerero ry’ingohe n’iminwa bitukura cane gusumba ivy’abandi. Hanyuma utore abagore bafise indimi, n’imbere mu minwa no kw’imerero ry’ingohe vyeruruka.

7. Ubabaze imfungurwa zitandukanye bihereza buri musi. 8. Baza uwo mugwi uti: Ni iki none twokwigira ku mfungurwa zavuzwe

n’abagore bafise indimi zitukura gusumba iz’abandi? Mbega hari imfungurwa zimwe zimwe bafungura n’abandi bakwiye kugerageza gufungura?

9. Baza igitigiri c’abagore banyoye amavitamine ya fer bahawe kwa muganga.10.Koresha uburorero bwiza kugira ngo uhimirize abataratangura gukoresha

umunyu urimwo iyode canke vitamine n’imfungurwa birimwo fer.





35



1. Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari muri uwo Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.

2. Bwira abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu batemera muri zo; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba igoye kuri bo.


4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi mu Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri zikurikira z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.






Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuzoza ndashira umunyu urimwo iyode mu mfungurwa buri musi. Niyemeje kuzoja gutora ibinini vya fer kwa muganga muri iyi ndwi.

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Niyemeje kuzokwongereza imfungurwa zirimwo fer nyinshi mu mfungurwa ntegurira umuryango buri ndwi.





Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze: Mbega ejo warihereje imfungurwa zo muri buri mugwi mu migwi itatu

y’ibifungurwa? Ni ibihe bifungurwa wariye? Mbega ejo wariyongerejeko imfungurwa canke udufungurwa ku vyo wari

usanzwe ufungura? Ni ayahe mabara y’ibifungurwa wariye ejo? Mbega waravuganye n’umufasha wawe ku vyo guhindura imfungurwa

mufungura?

37

Icigwa ca 4: Gukaraba n’Isabune (canke Iminyota)

Abarezi b’abana bazokaraba n’isabune n’amazi mu bihe bikwiye:o Abakirizi bazobanza gukaraba imbere yokuvyaza.o Imbere yo kurera akayoya canke kugakorako.o Uhejeje guta ivyo umwana yitumye canke iyindi micafu muri sugumweo Uvuye mu kazu ka sugumwe canke kugira isuku y’ivyo umwana

yitumye canke ry’amasobe. o Imbere yo gutegura imfungurwa, yo kugaburira umwana canke

gufungura.Abarezi b’abana bazokaraba neza:o Bashire amaboko n’isabune mu mazi.o Banyukure ibiganza n’isabune gushika ifuro rije. o Banyukure no hagati y’intoke mbere no mu nzara nk’amasegonda 30

bariko bararirimba Ururirimbo rwo gukaraba. o Bikureko isabune bakoresheje amazi bisutseko canke abatonyangirako. o Maze bareke ibiganza vyumishwe n’umuyaga canke bavyumishe mu

kwihanaguza agahuzu gasukuye. Abarezi b’abana bazohimiriza abo mu miryango yabo kuza barakaraba

bavuye mu kazu ka sugumwe, imbere yo gukora ku mfungurwa, imbere yo gufungura canke yo gutegura imfungurwa, canke yo gukora ku kayoya.

Abarezi b’abana bazomenya kuririmba Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba. Abarezi b’abana baziyumvamwo ko bafise ibikoresho, inkuru n’ubushobozi

vyo kwitwararika no kubungabunga amagara y’umwana wabo (kwizigira ko bashoboye kwongerejwe).

Ibikoresho:1. Ibitabo vyo Guhamagariramwo Amazina vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure2. Ibase, amazi n’isabune, canke Igikarabiro (Tippy Tap)*

Icigwa ca 4 mu ncamake: Agakino: Imvura y’Isegenya Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Umuryango

Wagwaye Gucibwamwo Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho iri ku mpapuro za 30-35

z’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku kuntu Isabune Yica Imigera, Ni Ryari Twokaraba, kandi Twokaraba Gute.

Igikorwa: Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri

38

Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje bijanye n’ivyunyunyu fer

na Iyode.

1. Saba abagore bicare mu muzingi mu gacerere bugaye amaso.2. Igikorwa cabo ni ico kwumviriza amajwi yose baza kwumva avuye ku mugore

yicaye i bubapfu bwabo. 3. Uwurongoye agakino agatangura mu kuvuguta ikiganza ku kindi kugira ngo

humvikane nk’imvura iriko iragwa. 4. Maze umugore ari i buryo bwiwe akabisubiramwo, hanyuma umugore

akurikira gushika aho bose mu muzingi bazoba bariko baravuguta ikiganza ku kindi.

5. Bose ni bamara kuvuguta ikiganza ku kindi, uwurongoye agakino aca yongereza urwamo rw’imvura mu kunaga urutoke ku rundi.

6. Umuvyeyi Tubaramure ari i buryo bwiwe agasubiramwo ayo majwi nyene gushika igihe umwe inyuma y’uwundi bose bazoba bariko baranaga intoke.

7. Maze uwurongoye agakino ace akoma amashi nko kwasana kw’inkuba, abo mu mugwi bose nabo bamwigane umwe inyuma y’uwundi.

8. Hanyuma uwurongoye agakino akikubita ku matako, abo mu mugwi nabo bakamwigana umwe inyuma y’uwundi.

9. Hanyuma uwurongoye agakino agatsita amaguru hasi, imvura ijemwo igihuhusi.

10.Kugira ngo amenyeshe ko imvura y’isegenya ihagaze, uwurongoye agakino abikora asubira inyuma aho yahereye akikubita ku matako, agakoma amashi, akanaga urutoke ku rundi, akavuguta ikiganza ku kindi, maze agasozerera ku gacerere.

Noneho ko tumaze kuronka inguvu, hinge duhamagare amazina maze tuyage ku cigwa co mu ndwi ziheze.


1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane co mu Gitabo Mfashanyigisho ca mbere (Module 1).

39

1. Agakino: Imvura y’Isegenya - iminota 10




Umuryango Wagwaye Gucibwamwo (Isanamu 4.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru Ni musome inkuru yo ku rupapuro rwa 28 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu

Mfashanyigisho. Iyo nkuru isigura ingene abo mu muryango wa Barumwete bafashwe

n’ingwara. Itangura kudushikiriza iciyumviro c’imigera itera ingwara.

Umuhungu wa Barumwete asohotse mu kazu ka sugumwe. Mu gihe Barumwete atariko araraba, akoza intoke zimwe mu mfungurwa umuryango uza gufungura. Maze bicaye bose ngo bafungure, bose bakaravye mw’isorori imwe y’amazi. Kandi ntibakoresheje isabune. Maze Barumwete yakira izo mfungurwa aha umuntu wese kw’isahani yiwe. Muri iryo joro umuryango wose wafashwe no kuribwa mu nda no gucibwamwo. Mu kanya gato bose batangura kuza barirukira mu kazu ka sugumwe.

4. Gutohoza Soma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 28 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu

Mfashanygisho. Ubaze ikibazo ca mbere kugira ngo muyage ku bitera ingwara. Ubaze ibibazo bibiri vya nyuma kugira ngo utahure ingene akamenyero ko

gukaraba ubu kifashe mu bagore bo muri uwo mugwi. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe

wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Iyi paje ni iy’ikiyago, si iy’inyigisho. Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro

rukurikira rw’Igitabo c’amasanamu, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni kuki bose bafashwe no kuribwa mu nda no gucibwamwo?

? Mbega ni ryari ukwiye gukaraba? ? None uyu musi wakaravye ryari?

40

Isabune Irica Imigera (Isanamu 4.2) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 31.





Imigera iba ahantu hose hatuzengurutse.o Imigera ni uturemwa duto cane dutera ingwara.o Imigera ishobora kuba iri ku ruhu rwacu, mu nzu zacu, ku biterwa no

ku biti. o Imigera ni mito cane ku buryo tudashobora kuyibona n’amaso.o Muri iyi sanamu, hariho akirore kadasanzwe katwereka imigera iba iri

mu biganza vyacu. Imigera muri iyi sanamu isa n’icatsi kibisi. Imigera myinshi yinjira mu mibiri iciye ku ntoke zacu.

o Imigera ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri iyo twifyese ku ntoke.o Imigera yatugiye ku ntoke ica ishika mu kanwa iyo turiye.

Imigera yinjiye mu mubiri idutera gukorora canke gucibwamwo.o Imigera ishitse mu mubiri ni yo itera ingwara nyinshi.

Isabune irica imigera! Udafise isabune, koresha umunyota. o Gukaraba n’isabune canke n’umunyota bidukingira gucibwamwo

hamwe n’izindi ngwara.o Gukaraba n’isabune canke umunyota bikingira abavyeyi

bibungenze ingwara zari gusinzikaza abana babo.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha Uwigisha:Ingwara zo Gucibwamwo Gukaraba n’isabune ni bwo buryo bwa mbere butazimvye bwokoreshwa mu

kwirinda urupfu n’ingwara vyanduruka ku gucibwamwo.5 Gukaraba imbere yo gufungura, yo gutegura imfungurwa canke umuntu avuye mu kazu ka

5 Cairncross, S. Valdmanis V. 2006. Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion. Chapter 41. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. Second Edition. Edt. Jameson et al 2006. The World Bank. Washington DC: National Institutes of Health.

41

sugumwe vyoshobora kugabanya gucibwamwo kw’abana gushika ku bice 50%.6

Indangurakintu Umugera ni virusi canke agakoko gatera ingwara. Akarusho Isabune zihingurwa hamwe n’amazi ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwiza

bwokoreshwa mu kwica virusi n’imigera. Iyo isabune ihinguwe idashoboye kuboneka, isabune umuntu yikoreye canke umunyota navyo nyene ni ibisubirizi bibereye vya mbere.

Ni Ryari Twokaraba (Isanamu 4.3) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 33.





6 Curtis, V., and S. Cairncross. 2003. “Effect of Washing Hands with Soap on Diarrhea Risk in the Community: A Systematic Review.” Lancet Infectious Diseases 3: 275–81.

42

Karaba n’isabune canke umunyota imbere yo gutegura imfungurwa. Karaba n’isabune canke umunyota imbere yo gufungura.

o Fasha abana bawe gukaraba. Karaba n’isabune canke umunyota uvuye mu kazu ka sugumwe. Karaba n’isabune canke umunyota iyo uhejeje gutawaza canke guhanagura

umwana yitumye.o Karabisha umwana wawe kenshi.o Uhimirize abo mu muryango wawe kwama bakaraba n’isabune muri

ivyo bihe vyose nabo nyene. Karaba n’isabune canke umunyota imbere yo kuvyaza.

o Usabe uwemeye kukuvyaza ko yobanza gukaraba imbere yo kukuvyaza.

Ukarabishe isabune canke umunyota imbere yo guterura akayoya.o Utuyoya turakarirwa cane n’ingwara.o Utubungabungire amagara meza mu gushishikara isuku ry’intoke

zawe.o Kandi usabe n’abandi ko bobanza gukaraba imbere yo guterura

akayoya.?Ni mu bihe bindi bihe bimwe usanga gukaraba guhambaye?

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaUtuyoya hamwe no Gukaraba Ivyigwa vyarerekanye ko utuyoya tw’aho abakirizi n’abavyeyi babanza

gukaraba imbere yo kuturera canke kudukorako bigabanya ingwara zatwo ku rugero rw’ibice 41% ugereranije n’utuyoya tw’aho abakirizi n’abavyeyi badakaraba.7

Twokaraba Gute (Isanamu 4.4) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 35.


10. Gusigura:

7 Rhee V. et al. 2008. “Maternal and birth Attendant Hand Washing and Neonatal Mortality in Southern Nepal.” Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. Vol 162 (No. 7), pp 603-608. July 2008

43

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 34 na 35 z’Igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Uremeshe abagore ko gukaraba ari ikintu coroshe gukora, ariko ni kirumara mu kwica imigera. Turashobora guhagarika ingwara twandurira mu ngo i wacu mu gushira mu ngiro aka kamenyero koroshe.

Kanyisha ibiganza vyawe ukoresheje isabune n’amazi.o Asangwa ukoresha umunyota, banza utose ibiganza hanyuma

ushireko umunyota. Nyukura mu biganza no ku ntoke.

o Mu gihe uzoba uriko urinyukura, isabune izoca izana ifuro.o Tangura kuririmba Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba.

Unyukure no hagati y’intoke. Kandi ifuro urishikane ku gipfunsi. Ukarabe no mu nzara.

o Ubandanye kwinyukura gushika Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba ruheze. Hanyuma wisukire amazi meza kugira ngo agukureko isabune.

o Ntimukigere mukaraba hanyuma ngo mwikureko isabune mu gukora mw’ibase imwe.

o Ayo mazi aba akirimwo imigera kandi aca ayikwiragiza ku muntu wese akojeje amaboko yiwe muri yo.

o Asangwa ariko urakarabira mw’ibase, koresha igikombe kugira ngo wisukireko amazi ku biganza.

Vyoba vyiza gusumba hamwe woreka ibiganza vyawe bikumishwa n’umuyaga gusa.

o Ni waba ukoresha iswime naho, uze urayimesa buri musi. o Iswime ikanye biroroha cane ko yegeranya imigera maze igaca

iyigarukana ku ntoke zawe. Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaImigera ku Vyihanaguzo (ku Maswime) Imigera ikura vuba cane kandi ikagwira vuba cane mu bibanza bikanye no ku

mpuzu zikanye. Wirinde gukoresha amaswime mu kwihanagura ku ntoke asangwa izo swime zitameswa buri musi.

Kandi igihe cose uhejeje gukoresha iswime uce uyimanika kw’ishami ry’igiti canke ku mugozi ku zuba. Imishwarara y’izuba hamwe n’ubushuhe ni vyo vyica iyo migera n’amavirusi iyo iswime yumye.

11. Igikorwa: Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba – iminota 15

44

Compose et travaille avec les promoteurs et les autres membres du personnel du projet pour composer une chanson. Essayez d’inclure les mots qui sont dans le plan de la lesson. La chanson doit durer 30 secondes et contenir des details précisant quand laver les mains et comment laver les mains.

Example de chanson:Je lui lave les mains avant qu’il mange, je lui lave les mains quand il sort de la latrineJe me lave les mains quand je viens de changer ses linges, je me lave les mains avant de preparer la nourriture. - RefrainJe grate parmi mes doigts, je grate sous mes onglesJe me rince avec une eau propre, et laisse l’air secher mes mains. - Refrain Refrain:Le lavage des mains garde mon enfant en bonne santé. Je me lave avec du savon.Je me lave avec du cendre. Je me lave pendant longtemps. Je me lave parce que j’aime mon enfant.

1. Ni mwige Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba hamwe n’Abavyeyi Tubaramure.2. Sigura: Kugira ngo imigera yose impfe, umuntu yomara n’iburiburi

amasegonda 30 ariko arakaraba. Tuzoza turaririmba iyi ndirimbo kugira ngo idufashe kwibuka kumara amasegonda 30 turiko turinyukura mu gukaraba.

3. Abantu bose baba mu ngo zanyu bakwiye kwiga uru ruririmbo maze bakaza babaruririmba bamaze gukanyisha iminwe yabo harya batanguye kwinyukura.

4. Urwo ruririmbo ruheze haba hageze guhagarika kwinyukura no kwisukako amazi agukurako isabune.




45




1. Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.



4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiriz’iki cigwa zikurikira zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.





46


Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuzoza ndakaraba n’isabune imbere yo guterura canke yo gukora ku kayoya kanje. Niyemeje kuzoyaga n’abo mu muryango rwanje ivyo gukaraba mu bihe vyose bibereye. Niyemeje kwigisha abo mu muryango wanje ingene bazoza barakaraba bakoresheje Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba.



? Mbega mu cigwa giherutse wari wiyemeje gukora iki? ? None ico wiyemeje waragishize mu ngiro? Gute – Ni iki wakoze?

Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze: Mbega ejo warashize umunyu urimwo iyode mu mfungurwa z’umuryango? Woba waranyoye ibinini vya fer ejo? Ni izihe mfungurwa wariye ejo zarimwo icunyunyu fer cinshi?

47

Icigwa ca 5: Gushiraho Igikarabiro mu Rugo

Umurezi w’abana wese azokora Igikarabiro maze akimanike hafi y’akazu ka sugumwe.

Umurezi w’abana wese azoba ashoboye kwigisha abandi ingene bakora Igikarabiro.

Umurezi w’abana wese azomenya ingene yoshiraho igikarabiro akoresheje amabase.

o Ntimukigere mwirongorora canke ngo mukarabire mw’ibase imwe. Muze mukoresha igikombe mu kwisukira amazi ku ntoke haba mu kuzikanyisha ngo muzisigeko isabune canke mu kuzirongorora.

Ibikoresho:1. Ibitabo vyo Guhamagariramwo Amazina vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure2. Himiriza buri muryango wiyegeranirize ibikoresho vyo gukora Igikarabiro mu

kwitegurira iki cigwa. a. Amashami abiri (y’imetero 1 n’igice) aremwe nka Yb. Inkoni zibiri (z’uburebure bwa metero imwe)c. umugozi (w’uburebure bwa metero 1 n’uwundi w’uburebure bw’igice

ca metero)d. Isabune hamwe n’ico kuyibikamwo ca plastikee. Umusunari muremuref. ibujig. Ikintu cojamwo amalitiro 5h. Urukeroi. Igipawa j. Amabuye

Icigwa ca 5 mu ncamake: Agakino: Umugera mu Muzingi Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Gukaraba

Kuragoye cane Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru iri ku mpapuro za

38-43 z’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku Bikoresho vyo gukora Igikarabiro, Kwubaka Igikarabiro, Kumanika Igikarabiro, no Gukoresha Igikarabiro.

Igikorwa: Kwimenyereza Gukoresha Igikarabiro Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri Kwiyemeza

48

Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato zijanye no Gukaraba.

1. Saba abo bagore guhagarara mu muzingi. Maze umwe avyigombeye ahagarare hagati mu muzingi.

2. Uwo yagomvye guhagarara mu muzingi mumufukishe agatambara ku maso. Kandi amaso y’uwo yavyigombeye mumaze kuyafuka, uce usaba abandi bose bari mu muzingi bunguruze baje mu bindi bibanza mu muzingi.

3. Basigurire: Uwo muzingi ugereranya urugo.Uwo ahagaze hagati mu muzingi ni umugera utera gucibwamwo. Abo bagore bahagaze mu muzingi baza baragerageza guca imbere mu muzingi ariko badakoze kuri uwo mugera.

4. Uwo mukino utangura iyo “umugera” uhamagaye mu mazina abagore babiri bari ku muzingi.

5. Abo bagore bahamagawe bategerezwa guca bahinduranya ibibanza mu gacerere, yamara bakagerageza kudakora ku “mugera”. Uwo mugera nawo ukagerageza gukora ku bakina mu gihe bariko bararengana ugerageza kwumviriza no kubakorako.Abandi bakinyi bose bakwiye kuguma bacereje.

6. Hagize uwufatwa, uwo ni we aca ahinduka “umugera” maze urukino rugasubira.

7. Musubiremwo urukino gushika bose baronse akaryo ko gukina.

Noneho ko tumaze kuronka inguvu, hinge dutangure icigwa cacu.


1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane co mu Gitabo Mfashanyigisho ca mbere (Module 1) .


49

1. Agakino: Umugera mu Muzingi - iminota 10



Gukaraba Kuragoye cane (Isanamu 5.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru Ni musome inkuru iri ku rupapuro rwa 36 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu

Mfashanyigisho. Iyo nkuru ishikiriza ingorane Barumwete yagize mu kugerageza gushira mu

ngiro akamenyero gashasha ko gukaraba. Koresha iyo nkuru mu kuremesha abo bagore, ubereka ko guhinduka bitama

vyoroshe. Birashika tugakenera kubanza gutunganya mu buryo bushasha ibikoresho vyo mu rugo kugira ngo ihinduka ritworohere.

Barumwete yumvise izo nyigisho azikuye kwa Karorero. Maze yiyemeza ko nawe agiye kuza arakaraba imisi yose nk’uko Karorero yabimwigishije. Ariko asohotse mu kazu ka sugumwe, ntiyavyibutse. Agiye gutangura gutegura imfungurwa, asanga nta sabune afise. Hageze ko umuryango wicara ngo bihereze ivya saa sita, basanga amazi yaheze. Yarifuza guhinduka, yamara iryo hinduka rimubera ikigoye.

4. Gutohoza Soma ibibazo vyo ku rupapuro rwa 36 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu

Mfashanyigisho. Ubaze ikibazo ca mbere kugira ngo mwongere mwihweze ingorane

Barumwete yagize. Baza ikibazo kigira kabiri kugira ngo muyage ku ntambamyi abagore bagira

iyo bariko baragerageza gukaraba mu ngo zabo. Ubaze ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo urondere kumenya igitigiri c’abagore

bafise ibikarabiro. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe


rukurikira rw’Igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni kuki Barumwete yakaraba?? Mbega wewe gukaraba birakworohera?? Mbega urafise ahantu ho gukarabira (igikarabiro) hahora

isabune n’amazi? None aho hantu ni hehe?

50

Ibikoresho vyo Gukora Igikarabiro (Isanamu 5.2) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 39.


6. Gusigura: Igihe cose iki cigwa cigishijwe Igikarabiro giterezwa gukorwa . Abavyeyi

Tubaramure barakwiye nabo nyene kwubaka Igikarabiro iyo bariko barigisha Inkerebutsi.

Ibikarabiro bikorwa mu bikoresho bitagurwa amahera, kandi bisanzwe biboneka aho baba (nk’ibibido canke ibindi vya plastike batagikoresha bishobora kujamwo amazi) yamara kandi bigashobora no gukorwa mu vyo kubika amazi vyaguzwe.

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 38 na 39 z’Igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.


Kandi mu kubishikiriza, uze urerekana intambuko ku yindi.

Igikarabiro (Tippy Tap) gituma gukaraba vyoroha kandi hagakoreshwa amazi make.

o Gikoresha amazi make gusumba ayokoreshwa hakoreshejwe amazi ari mw’ibase.

Ni muze dufashanye dukore igikarabiro kimwe. Dukeneye: Amashami abiri (y’uburebure bw’imetero 1½) ateye bwa Y, inkoni zibiri

(z’uburebure bw’imetero 1), akagozi (k’imetero 1 n’akandi k’igice c’imetero), isabune hamwe n’ico kuyibikamwo, umusumari munini, ibuji, akabido kojamwo amalitiro atanu, agakero, igipawa n’amabuye.

o Oza neza usukure ico cojamwo amalitiro 5. o Ntukoreshe ibintu vyahoramwo imiti yo kwica udukoko mu gukora

igikarabiro. o Uwo muti wahoramwo wohava wonona intoke zawe ukagutera

ingwara.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaUburyo Bwinshi bwo Gukora Ibikarabiro Ibikarabiro birashobora gukorwa mu buryo butandukanye hakoreshejwe

ibikoresho biboneka aho abantu baherereye. Uworondera kumenya vyinshi,

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yoronderera kuri site web: http://www.schoolsanitation.org/BasicPrinciples/HandwashingFacilities.html

Kwubaka Igikarabiro (Isanamu 5.3) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 41.





Bohera uwo mugozi muremure (w’imetero 1) kw’isonga ry’inkoni imwe. Koresha umusumari mu gushira ikimenyetso ku nda y’ako kadumu. Pimisha

intoke z’ikiganza ushire akamenyetso ku burebure bw’igipimo kimwe n’igice uvuye ku ndiba.

o Uzoba upimye uburebure bwa centimetero 12. Shusha isonga ry’umusumari kw’ibuji. Maze uce intoboro muri ako kadumu

ukoresheje uwo musumari ushushe. o Iyo ntoboro uyishire hamwe washize ikimenyetso. o Iyo ntoboro ni yo amazi azoza arazananamwo mu gukaraba.

Ongera ushushe uwo musumari. Maze uce intoboro hagati mu murumyo w’akadumu.

Injiza wa mugozi (uboheye ku nkoni) muri uwo mwenge mwatoboye mu murumyo. Maze mufundike ifundo kw’isonga ry’ako kagozi.

o Ongera ufungire umurumyo kuri ka kadumu k’amalitiro atanu. o Ifundo wafunditse rikwiye kuba ridaca muri iyo ntoboro.

Ukoreshe uwo musumari mu guca intoboro mw’isabune no hagati y’ico iterekwamwo.

o Mwoyishira mu kantu ka plastike canke gakozwe mu cuma.o Ako muyishiramwo ni ko kayikingira imvura.

Kumanika Igikarabiro (Isanamu 5.4) – iminota 5

9. Kwerekana:

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http://www.schoolsanitation.org/BasicPrinciples/HandwashingFacilities.html

Ni musabe abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku rupapuro rwa 43.





Cisha umugozi muto mu co gukingira isabune maze ubohe ifundo o Urabe neza ko ugifise ikibanza isabune ijako ku mugozi.

Cisha umugozi mw’isabune maze ubohe ifundo.o Ako kajamwo isabune kameze nk’umutaka ukingira isabune imvura. o Iyo uteruye umugozi, ako kabitse isabune gakwiye guca gafatwa

n’ifundo maze ntigakoroke. Ifundo riri musi y’isabune naryo nyene urigire rinini kugira ngo isabune ntive ku mugozi ngo ikoroke.

Shinga ya mashami ameze nka Y hasi hafi y’akazu ka sugumwe. Manika ya nkoni hamwe n’akadumu hejuru kuri yo.

o Injiza umukono w’akadumu muri iyo nkoni. Iyo uhonyoye ku giti, akabido gakwiye guca kicurika. Tunganya umugozi neza ni

wabona bitagenda neza. Bohera umugozi uca mw’isabune ku giti i ruhande y’akabido. Hanyuma usase

amabuye musi y’igikarabiro.o Ibidengeri vy’amazi bituma imibu ironka aho ita amagi.o Ayo mabuye asaswa ni yo atuma hadatega ibidengeri.o Uzuza amazi mu gikarabiro ashike ku ntoboro iri ku ruhande rwaco.

11. Igikorwa: Imenyereze Gukoresha Igikarabiro – iminota 15

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1. Saba umugore wese mu mugwi akarabe akoresheje ico Gikarabiro n’Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba.

2. Mwokurikiza izi ntambuko zikurikira:a. Shira ukuguru ku nkoni, kugira ngo ikirimwo amazi y’igikarabiro

ciyunamike.b. Amazi aca atangura guseseka aciye mu ntoboro.c. Ushire amazi n’isabune ku biganza vyawe.d. Kura ukuguru ku nkoni kugira ngo amazi ntashishikare guseseka.e. Tangura kuririmba Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba uriko urinyukura mu ntoke

no mu nzara ushikane ku ngingo z’ikiganza.f. Ururirimbo ruheze, usubize ukuguru kuri ya nkoni, kugira ngo wongere

kwunamika ikirimwo amazi y’Igikarabiro.g. Ukoreshe amazi aca muri iyo ntoboro kugira ngo wirongorore ibiganza.

3. Asangwa uri mu rugo rw’uwundi muntu, saba abo muri uwo muryango bose gukaraba bakoresheje Igikarabiro.

4. Ni wishure ibibazo kandi uhimirize ikoreshwa ry’Igikarabiro iyo bavuye mu kazu ka sugumwe, imbere yo gutegura imfungurwa, imbere yo gufungura, canke imbere yo gukora ku kayoya.



Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande rwabo. Ni bavugane nawe amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Iminota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.



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1. Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari muri Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.









Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuzoza ndakoresha Igikarabiro iyo mvuye mu kazu ka sugumwe, imbere yo gufungura, imbere yo gutegura imfungurwa, canke yo gukora ku kayoya. Niyemeje kuzofasha abandi kwubaka igikarabiro. Kandi niyemeje kuzokwubaka ikindi gikarabiro co mu nzu. Niyemeje ko ku Gikarabiro hazokwama hariho amazi n’isabune.

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Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze: Mbega wakaravye ryari ejo? Mbega warashikirije inyigisho yo gukaraba abandi bo mu muryango wawe? Abana bawe ejo bakaravye ryari? Mbega woshobora kuririmba Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba?

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Icigwa ca 6: Kwikingira Malariya

Abarezi b’abana bazoshobora gusigura ingene umugera wa malariya uhanahanwa.

o Umuntu agwaye malariya aribwa n’umubu ukagenda utwaye amaraso yanduye. Uwo mubu ukagenda wandukiza abantu bose uriye.

Abarezi b’abana bazoshobora gushikiriza ingaruka malariya igira ku bakenyezi bibungenze, no ku bafise umugera wa SIDA.

Kwandura malariya umuntu yibungenze gutera gukama amaraso cane maze hakandurukiramwo gupfa kw’abakenyezi imbere canke inyuma yo kwibaruka.

o Abana b’abavyeyi bagwaye malariya bibungenze barageramirwa cane no kuvuka hatageze, canke bakavukana ibiro bike, canke bakavuka bapfuye.

o Abavyeyi bagwaye umugera wa SIDA kandi bibungenze barageramirwa cane no gufatwa na malariya.

Abavyeyi bibungenze bazokwama baryama mu musegetera amajoro yose kugira ngo bagabanye igitigiri c’imibu ibarya.

Abarezi b’abana bazokwitwararika kuraba ko abana b’imyaka iri musi y’itanu baryama musi y’umusegetera buri joro kugira ngo bagabanye igitigiri c’imibu ibarya.

Abarezi b’abana bazomanika neza imisegetera irimwo umuti mu nzu zabo kugira ngo bagabanye igitigiri c’imibu ibarya.

Abo mu muryango bose bazoryama mu musegetera buri joro kugira ngo bikingire malariya.

Abarezi b’abana bazozibira ibinogo vyose n’ibidengeri vy’amazi, bakureho ibidobo, ibipine, n’ibikopo bitegamwo amazi.

o Baturire canke bahambe ibicafu bitegamwo amazi.o Bace imiserege n’imigende vyo gutembesha ibiziba vy’ibidengeri.

Abarezi b’abana bazokwiyumvamwo ko bafise ukwiyemera, umwanya, n’ubuhinga bokoresha mu kwikingira malariya (kwiyumvamwo ko bashoboye kwongerejwe).

Abarezi b’abana bazokwiyumvamwo ko bafise ubushobozi bwo kubuza imibu (ikwiragiza umugera wa malariya) gusinzikaza ababo bageramirwa cane na malariya.

Ibikoresho:1. Ibitabo vyo Guhamagariramwo Amazina vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure2. Muzane ubwoko bubiri bw’imisegetera ikunda kuboneka ku masoko.

Icigwa ca 6 mu ncamake: Agakino: Imibu Ibiri Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane

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Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Barumwete Yafashwe n’Umururumbo

Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru iri ku mpapuro za 48-53 z’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku vya Malariya n’Ingene yandukira, Kugeramirwa guterwa na Malariya ku Bibungenze, no Kwikingira Malariya.

Igikorwa: Kumanika Umusegetera Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato zijanye no

gukoresha Igikarabiro.

1. Saba abo bagore bahagarare mu muzingi. Uwurongoye agakino nawe ahagaze muri bo.

2. Muri aka gakino harimwo imibu ibiri. Umubu umwe ufise ijwi ryumvikana ngo “Zzzz” uwundi mubu nawo ukagira ijwi rivuga ngo “Eeee.”

3. Saba abo bagore bimenyereze gusubiramwo amajwi y’iyo mibu ibiri.4. Uwurongoye agakino avuze ati, “Zzzz” bose bategerezwa guca bava hasi

bagahagarara ku mano kandi bagakoresha amaboko yabo nk’amababa yo kuguruka (ibitugu babidugije). Himiriza abo bagore babanze kwimenyereza.

5. Iyo uwurongoye agakino avuze ati “Eeee,” bose baca bahagarara bemye, bakazunguza ukuguru kumwe n’ukuboko bijanye ku ruhande rumwe. Bahimirize kandi babanze kuvyimenyereza.

6. Intumbero y’aka gakino ni iy’ugukora ikintu kibereye mu mwanya ubereye! 7. Uwurongoye agakino akwiye kuvuga “Zzzz” na “Eeee” incuro nyinshi. Vuga

“Zzzz” incuro zibiri canke zitatu zikurikirana kugira ngo urabe ko abo bagore bashishikara gukora igikwiye.

8. Mubandanye ku buryo n’abandi bagore benshi baronka akaryo ko kurongora ako gakino.

Noneho ko tumaze kuronka utuguvu, hinge dutangure.

2. Guhamagara Amazina no Gushikiriza Umuti w’Ibibazo

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1. Agakino: Imibu Ibiri - iminota 10

1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho (Module 1).




Barumwete Yafashwe n’Umururumbo (Isanamu 6.1) –iminota 10


Mfashanyigisho. Muri iyi nkuru, umwana w’umubanyi yarapfuye yishwe na malariya.

Barumwete ntiyari bwemere ko umururumbo ari ikibazo gikomeye. Yamara, kwari ukwihenda.

Barumwete yatanguye gusekura intete ari kumwe n’umubanyi wiwe kuva kare mu gitondo. Ariko umubanyi wiwe ntiyasekuye neza. Barumwete aramubaza, ati: “Ni ibiki bitagenda neza?” Umubanyi wiwe, ati “Uyu musi mfise ubushuhe. Kandi mfise intege nke”. Barumwete amwishura, ati: “Ivyo ni ibizanzwe abantu benshi barakunda gufatwa n’umururumbo. Ejo ndazi ko bizoba vyaheze.” Uwo mubanyi yahavuye agwara amara imisi myinshi mu gitanda. Haciye imisi Barumwete abona akava gato inyuma y’inzu y’uwo mubanyi. Umwana yapfiriye mu nda ya nyina kubera ya ngwara. Yavutse yapfiriye mu nda ya nyina.

4. Gutohoza Ni musome ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 44 rw’Igitabo Mfashanyigisho. Ubaze ibibazo bibiri vya mbere kugira ngo umenye ico abagore basanzwe

biyumvira ku mururumbo. Ubaze ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo urabe ko abavyeyi basanzwe bemera ko

malariya ari ingwara mbi ku bavyeyi bibungenze. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe


rukurikira rw’Igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

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? Mbega Barumwete yavuze iki ku mururumbo? None ni vyo?

? Mbega ubwo bushuhe bwaterwa n’iki?? Mbega umururumbo wotera impanuka ku muvyeyi

yibungenze?

Dutahure ivya Malariya n’Ingene Yandukira (Isanamu 6.2) – Iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 47.




isanamu ijana na buri ngingo. Gushuha ni kimwe mu bimenyetso bimenyerewe vya malariya.

o Umururumbo si yo ngwara, ahubwo ni ikimenyetso cerekana ko mu mubiri harimwo ingwara.

Imibu ni yo itwara ingwara ya malariya. o Iyo mibu itera malariya iza iyo izuba rirenze bwije.

Muri iyi sanamu, umubu uriye umubanyi agwaye malariya. Hanyuma uwo mubu nyene uca uza kurya umuhungu wa Barumwete.

o Iyo umubu uriye umuntu asanzwe agwaye malariya, uca ugenda utwaye iyo ngwara.

o Maze uwo mubu ukagenda urayitera mu muntu wese uriye. Agahungu ka Barumwete nako kafashwe na malariya.

o Iyo hagize umuntu umwe mu kibano agwara malaria, umuntu wese ariwe n’umubu aba ageramiwe n’uko yohava afatwa na malariya.

o Iyo dufise abantu bake bagwaye malaria, ni nako igitigiri c’abafatwa na malariya gica gitera kigabanuka.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha Uwigisha:Imibu y’ingore (Anophele)

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Malariya ikwiragizwa n’umubu w’ingore witwa anofele. Izo anofele umuntu arashobora kuzimenyera ku kuntu amaguru yazo y’inyuma ziyataramitse mu kirere.

Imibu imwe usanga igendagenda ku murango. Yamara imibu anofele yo ikunda kugendagenda iyo bugorovye, mu mutwenzi no mu gicugu.

Ingene ihererekanwa Iyo umubu Anofele uriye umuntu agwaye, ugenda ujanye uturaso duke

turimwo utugera twa malariya duto cane. Haciye nk’indwi imwe, mu gihe umubu uriko urarondera kwongera kwiha ku

ngaburo yawo y’amaraso, twa tugera duca twivanga n’amate y’uwo mubu, maze tukinjira muri uwo muntu ariko araribwa n’umubu.

Imisi 7 gushika ku 30 inyuma y’ico gihe anofele yaririyeko umuntu, (ari co kiringo co kubundikira ingwara) ibimenyetso vya mbere bica bitangura kwigaragaza. Ibiringo vyo kubundikira ni bigufi ku mugera wa malariya witwa falciparum, yamara bikaba birebire ku wundi mugera wa malariya witwa malariae.

Kugeramirwa Guterwa na Malariya ku Bibungenze (Isanamu 6.3)


rupapuro rwa 49.





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Malariya itera umuvyeyi gukama amaraso.o Gukama amaraso kurashobora kwandurukamwo ingorane zihambaye

cane ku bibungenze. Gukama amaraso gutuma umwana yicwa n’inzara ntaronke ingaburo ikwiye

akiri mu nda. o Nk’uko bisanzwe, umwana mu nda ya nyina agaburirwa n’ibiri mu

maraso ya nyina.o Iyo rero afise amaraso make, ntaba agishoboye kuronsa umwana

ingaburo ikwiye. Gukama amaraso gutuma umwana avuka hatageze, kuvuka ari muto, canke

yapfuye. Gukama amaraso kwongereza kugeramirwa no gupfira mw’ivuka.

o Gukama amaraso gutuma umuvyeyi agira intege nke kandi agahora arushe.

o Kandi kuko yama arushe, udukorwa tumutwara umwanya muremure.oHanyuma akarushirizaho gutakaza amaraso menshi kuko akora

umwanya muremure, maze agashobora no gupfa.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaGupfa kw’Abana Ku bana bari musi y’imyaka 5 (kw’isi yose), malariya ni co kiza kiza ubwa

kane mu guhitana abana benshi. Umwe ku bana batatu bari musi y’imyaka itanu afashwe na malariya iramuhitana.

Kwigwanira kw’Umubiri (Immunité) Abantu benshi bakuze nabo nyene barafatwa na malariya. Bamwe bagafatwa

na malariya kenshi mu mwaka ariko ntibafate koko ngo bagware biboneka. Baramaze kuronka ukwigwanira kw’umubiri kurinda iyo ngwara, kandi birashobora gushika bakagwara, ariko ni gake yoshobora kubahitana. Umubiri wabo ubona umugera kare maze ugaca ukora umuti wo kugwanya iyo ngwara.

Kwibungenga kuragabanya ubushobozi bwo kwigwanirira bw’umubiri bw’abagore maze ivyo bigatuma bageramirwa no kugwaragurika cane.

Utuyoya two ntitugira ukwigwanirira kw’umubiri canke tuba dufise guke cane kandi ku bw’ivyo natwo turageramirwa cane na malariya n’urupfu.

Malariya ku Bibungenze Malariya ni yo nyanduruko y’ibice 10% vy’abavyeyi bapfa n’ibice 60%

vy’abana bavuka bapfuye.Gukama Amaraso Abagore bakamye amaraso cane baba bageramiwe no guhitanwa n’imbanyi

canke no kwibaruka incuro 3.5 gusumba abandi bagore batakamye amaraso.

Kwikingira Malariya (Isanamu 6.4) –iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 51.

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Manika umusegetera urimwo umuti mu nzu yawe kugira ngo wice imibu. Ku murango uwuzinge.

o Umuti uri mu musegetera wica imibu yose iguye kuri uwo musegetera.

o Ku murango umere nk’uwuzinga uwo musegetera kugira ngo abana ntibawukiniremwo.

Uryame mu musegetera urimwo umuti amajoro yose.o Umusegetera urimwo umuti ukora igikora co kubuza imibu yinjira

mu nzu mw’ijoro kukurya. o Imisegetera irimwo umuti ikingira malariya no gukama amaraso ku

bagore bibugenze.o Himiriza bose mu muryango kwama baryama mu musegetera kugira

ngo bikingire kwandura. Imibu ita amagi mu mazi. Sesa amazi yose ari mu bidobo, ibikombe

n’utugopo. Mubibike canke mubite vyubitse.o Imbegeti zishireko imirumyo kugira ngo amazi n’udukoko

ntibizijemwo. Muhambe canke muturire imicafu, amapine, n’utugopo kuko ari vyo bibika

utudengeri tw’amazi.o Ni havuka imibu mike, hazoba hariho imibu mike izokwiragiza

malariya.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaIyororero ry’udukoko Imibu hamwe n’udusazi twirabura bivyarira mu bidengeri vy’amazi ateze. Ni

co gituma rero dukwiye kwitwararika gukuraho ibidengeri aho dusesa amazi canke musi y’ibikarabiro.

Imibu irashobora gukwiragiza amoko menshi y’ingwara nka malariya, filariasis, na fièvre jaune. Udusazi twirabura natwo tugashobora gukwiragiza ingwara y’uruhumyi.

Imisegetera Itarimwo Umuti Imisegetera imwe imwe ntiyashizwemwo umuti wo kwica udukoko. Ntiyica

imibu ariko kandi irakingira umuryango nturibwe n’imibu. Bishitse imisegetera irimwo umuti ntiboneke, musabwa guca mukoresha uwutarimwo umuti.

Gutuza Malariya Ni Akigoro k’Abo bose Mubana Ku Mutumba

63

Iyo imiryango myinshi yijukiye gukoresha imisegetera irimwo umuti, ikaja kuvuza malariya idatevye kandi ikagwanya ivyari imibu itamwo amagi, hazoca hasigara imibu mike yo gukwiragiza malariya.

Kugwanya malariya ni akigoro ka buri mutumba. Umuryango wose ugategerezwa kurangura uruhara rwawo.

11. Igikorwa: Kumanika Umusegetera – iminota 15

1. Ni wereke abo bakenyezi amoko atandukanye y’imisegetera iboneka ku masoko yo ngaho i wanyu.

2. Ubereke ingene bamanika umusegetera mu nzu. a. Ukoreshe imigozi yo gufatishako kw’idari canke ku gihome ku misumari

canke ku magera canke ku dutsinga. b. Ukwiye kumanikwa ku buryo umuntu awuryamyemwo aronka ikibanza

co kwidegemvya adakora ku musegetera. c. Musigaze nka sentimetero 20 zo kugobeka musi y’ico muryamako ku

buryo abari imbere baba bugaranyemwo neza. d. Asangwa ari wewe uriko urimanikira umusegetera, usige imfuruka

imwe itagobetse ku buryo ushobora kwinjira mu musegetera bitakugoye iyo uriko ururira ku gitanda. Maze ni wamara kwinjira mu musegetera, wegure buke buke ico uryamako, maze ugobeke musi imfuruka y’umusegetera yari isigaye. Mu gusohoka, urengeze imfuruka y’ico uryamako, usokoremwo umusegetera, maze usohoke.

2. Ni mushikirize ivyiyumviro ku kugene boshobora kwongereza imisumari, canke amagera canke udutsinga mu nzu vyo kumanikako imisegetera.

3. Asangwa ari abantu barara hanze, ni murondere ingene boshobora kumanika umusegetera ku buryo umuntu aba yugaraniwemwo neza kandi akaba afise n’ikibanza gikwiye co kwidegemvya.

4. Werekane ingene umusegetera bawuzinga ku murango. a. Kugira ngo muwurinde gutaburwa n’abana canke n’abandi bantu

bawuca i ruhande, muwubohe mw’ifundo ritaboshe cane maze ico kirekera mukimanike kuri umwe mu migozi ku buryo umusegetera uba utarekera kandi abana bato badashobora kuwushikira.

b. Ushimikire ku kamaro ko gusiga umusegetera umanitse ku murango. Akabu kose kawuguyeko gaca kicwa n’umuti.

5. Bohora iyo misegetera, maze uhe akaryo abagore bari mu mugwi bimenyereze kumanika imisegetera. Mushishikare gushika bose bashikiriwe.

12. Gucaca –iminota 10

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13. Gutomora –iminota 5






4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri zikurikira z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu.



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Nk’akarorero: Nzoza ndaryama musi y’umusegetera urimwo umuti buri joro. Nzoja kwa muganga ubwo nyene nkibona ibimenyetso vya mbere vy’ubushuhe. Nzocurika ibibegeti vyose, ibikopo, canke ibintu bishobora gutegamwo amazi mu rugo rwanje.




Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze: Mbega urafise igikarabiro mu nzu yawe? None igikarabiro cawe cama gifise amazi n’isabune? Mbega ejo wakaravye ryari?

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Icigwa c’Indwi: Kwitegurira Kwibaruka n’Ivuka

Nyarukira kwa muganga ubwo nyene ukimara kubona ikimenyetso kimwe canke vyinshi.

o Iyo ibise ari vyinshi kandi bikaza biraza vyisubiriza buri minota 20. o Amazi ashunguruka ava mu gihimba c’irondoka ameze nk’agasashe

k’amazi koba kamenekeye mu nda.o Hasohoka ibintu vy’amarasoraso kandi birenduka biva mu gihimba

c’irondoka. Abarezi b’abana bazoshobora kudondora ingene kwibaruka bigenda.

o Ibise ni vyo bitangura kwugurura umunwa w’igitereko. o Umunwa w’igitereko umaze kwuguruka gushika kw’isantimetero 10,

umuvyeyi aca atangura gutera, akaza arahema ashikana kandi agatera n’inguvu ziwe zose.

o Iyo umutwe w’umwana ugumyemwo (kandi ntusubire inyuma mu gitereko hagati yo gutera kubiri) umuvyeyi akwiye guhema adashikana (atera buke buke) kugira ngo umutwe usohoke buke buke.

o Umutwe n’ibitugu vy’umwana bimaze gusohoka, igihimba c’umubiri gisigaye gica gisohoka vuba.

o Ubohe maze ucacure uruzogi gutera kumaze guhagarara (iminota1-3). o Uruzogi rumaze kurehuka mu gihimba c’irondoka, umuganga azoca

asaba umuvyeyi gutera kugira ngo insimbizo isohoke. Abakirizi ntibazogerageza gufyonda ku nda y’umuvyeyi kugira ngo basohore

umwana vuba. Abakirizi ntibazogira umuti baha umuvyeyi canke ikindi kintu boshira mu

gihimba c’irondoka ciwe kugira ngo bihutishe ibise no kwibaruka. Abakirizi bazoshobora gutondekesha n’iburiburi uturusho tune two

kwibarukira kwa muganga.o Abaganga bavyigiye kandi bamenyereye akazi nibo bakwiye gufasha

iyo hari ivyagoranye bishobora guhitana ubuzimao Aho umwana avukira hakwiye kuba hasukuye kandi hatarangwa

imigera o Gushobora kuronsa incanco (BCG na Polio) abana bakivuka


Icigwa c’Indwi mu Ncamake: Agakino: Intebe z’Umuziki Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Kumeneka

kw’Agasaho k’Amazi

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Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru iri ku mpapuro za 48-53 z’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku vy’Ibimenyetso Vyerekana ko Umwana Agira Avuke, Kwibarukira kwa Muganga, n’Ibikorwa ubwa Nyuma mu Kuvyaza.

Igikorwa: Uturusho two Kwibarukira kwa Muganga Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato zijanye no

kwikingira malariya.

1. Saba abagore bahagarare mu muzingi bafise ikintu co kwicarako (intebe canke ikirago) inyuma yabo. Uwurongoye agakino ahagarara ku ruhande.

2. Noneho kuraho imwe mu ntebe (canke mu birago) ku buryo hasigara umuntu umwe adafise aho yicara.

3. Ubwire abo bagore ko ugira uririmbe akaririmbo. Abo bagore baza kuzunguruka mu muzingi bakoma amashi kandi batamba nk’uko uririmba. Uhagaritse kuririmba, bategerezwa kurondera ikibanza co kwicaramwo kiri hafi yabo (ikirago canke intebe) maze bacicaremwo. Umugore ataronse aho yicara ategerezwa guca asohoka mu murongo.

4. Uwo arongoye agakino akwiye kuba abateye umugongo (kugira ngo ntabarabe) maze agatangura kuririmba. Uhagarike batiteguye hagati mu ruririmbo. Umugore adashoboye kuronka icicaro aca asohorwa mu gakino.

5. Muce mukurako iyindi ntebe imwe canke ikindi kirago kimwe. Maze indirimbo yongere gutangura abagore basigaye bariko barazunguruka mu muzingi.

6. Mubandanye agakino gushika hasigaye intebe imwe gusa n’umugore umwe gusa.

Noneho ko tumaze kuronka inguvu, hinge dutangure icigwa cacu.


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1. Agakino: Intebe z’Indirimbo - iminota 10

1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Igitabo Mfashanyigisho ca mbere (Module 1).




Kumeneka kw’Agasaho k’Amazi (Isanamu 7.1) –iminota 10


Mfashanyigisho. Iyo nkuru isigura ibintu vyose Barumwete yateguriye kwibaruka kandi

igatangura gushikiriza ivy’ibimenyetso vy’ibise.

Barumwete yafashe ingingo ko azokwibarukira kwa muganga. Yaramaze gutegekanya ivyo azotwara, yegeranya imfungurwa n’amazi bizokenerwa ni yamara kwibaruka, kandi ababanyi biwe yaramaze kubabwira ivyo ategekanya. Ubu noneho yari mu nzira agiye kw’isoko, maze aza yumva agasaho k’amazi kari muri we karimenye. Mbega ivyo bibaye ni ibiki? None coba ari ikimenyetso cerekana ko ibise vyatanguye?

4. Gutohoza Ni musome ibibazo vyo ku rupapuro rwa 54 rw’Igitabo mfashanyigisho. Ubaze ibibazo bibiri vya mbere kugira ngo utahure ico abagore basanzwe

bemera ku vy’ibise. Baza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo urabe ko abagore bazi kumenya ko hageze

kuja kwa Muganga. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe


rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

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? Ni ibiki vyashikiye Barumwete? Mbega bisigura iki?? Mbega akwiye guca anyarukira kwa muganga canke

yorindira ikindi kimenyetso?? Ni ibihe bimenyetso bikwereka ko hageze ko ufata inzira

ukaja kwa muganga?

Ibimenyetso Vyerekana ko Umwana Agira Avuke (Isanamu 7.2) –iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 57.





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Uburibwe mu nda buza kenshi, bukomeye, kandi inyuma y’imyanya isa nk’iyingana.

o Uko kuribwa gutangura buke buke. o Yamara uko amasaha arengana bugatera bwiyongera mu bwinshi,

mu nkomezi, no mu mwanya bumara. o Uko kuribwa ni ko gutangura kwugurura isaho umwana aba arimwo.

Uruziruzi rw’umusarara rugaca ruseseka ruciye mu gihimba c’irondoka.o Umwana aba ari mu gasaho k’amazi mu nda ya nyina. o Ako gasaho karashobora gutabuka, maze urwo ruziruzi

rw’umusarara rugaseseka.o Birashika mbere kagatabuka kuribwa kutaratangura canke ku

mwanya uwo ari wo wose kuribwa kwatanguye. Uruziruzi rw’umusarara rurenduka ruseseka ruciye mu gihimba c’irondoka.

o Iyo umutwe w’iyo saho wugurutse, akarumyo k’agasaho gaca gasohoka gaciye mu gihimba c’irondoka.

o Ako karumyo kagizwe n’uruziruzi rw’umusarara canke rw’umuhondo rurenduka. Harashobora kubamwo kandi n’amaraso make.

Ivyo ni vyo bimenyetso vyerekana ko kuvuka kwegereje. Uce wihutira kuja kwa muganga.

o Ntimugire umuti canke ikindi kintu cose mwoshira mu gihimba c’irondoka c’umugore kugira ngo mwihutishe kwibaruka kwiwe.

Kwibarukira kwa Muganga (Isanamu 7.3) –iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 59.





Agasaho kari mu gihimba c’irondoka kamaze kwuguruka, uze urahema ushikana, usohora kandi winjiza impwemu nyinshi.

o Umuganga azokubwira ko hageze ko utera.o Izuba rirashobora kurasa rikarenga ako gasaho katariyugurura neza

mu buryo bwuzuye.

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o Gutera gufasha umutwe w’umwana gusohoka mu gasaho.o Ntimuhirahire ngo mugerageze gusunika inyuma ku nda y’umuvyeyi

kugira ngo umwana asohoke. Hejuru y’umutwe ni hamara gusohoka ariko umutwe ukaguma mu ntoboro,

uheme unyarutsa yamara buke buke. o Ivyo bifasha umutwe gusohoka bukebuke.o Iyo umuvyeyi ateye cane kandi vuba vuba, igihimba c’irondoka

kirashobora gutabuka. o Mu bisanzwe umutwe usohoka wubitse amaso araba hasi.

Umuganga aca atunganya umutwe neza kugira ngo ibitugu bikurikire. o Igice gisigaye c’umwana kirihuta gusohoka inyuma y’ibitugu.

Ahejeje kuvuka, ni mumuhanagure umutwe n’umutumba vuba. o Kwega ibirenduke biri mu mazuru no mu kanwa.o Hanagura neza umutwe n’imishatsi. o Gumiza umwana ku rugero rumwe na nyina gushika uruzogi rumaze

gucacurwa.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaIbise Harashobora gukenerwa amasaha ari hagati ya 10 na 20 y’ibise kugira ngo

umunwa w’igitereko wuguruke iyo ari imbanyi ya mbere. Ku mbanyi igira kabiri canke gatatu, harashobora gukenerwa gusa amasaha 7 gushika kuri 10

Umunwa w’igitereko dufata ko wugurutse iyo ushobora kwiyagura gushika kw’isantimetero 10.

Ibikorwa ubwa Nyuma mu Kuvyaza (Isanamu 7.4) –iminota 5________________________________________9. Kwerekana: Ni musabe abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku

rupapuro rwa 59.





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Uruzogi rumaze kureka gutera, ca muruboha amafundo ahantu habiri.o Ukwo gutera gukwiye kuba kwamaze guhagarara inyuma gato uhejeje

guhanagura umwana. o Uruzogi ruca ruhinduka rukazana ibara ryera. o Rubohere ku ngero zibiri z’urutoke, uvuye ku mubiri w’umwana.o Hanyuma wongere ubohe irindi fundo hirya ku zindi ngero zibiri

z’urutoke. Uruzogi murucacurire hagati y’ayo mafundo abiri mukoresheje ugwembe

rushasha rw’isiku. Uwo mwana ata na kimwe yambaye ari uko yavutse muce mumuryamika ku

mubiri w’igikiriza ca nyina kitambaye. Maze bompi mubafukishe uburengeti bususurutsa.

o Ubushuhe bw’umubiri w’umuvyeyi ni bwo buzosusurutsa kandi buhoze akayoya.

Uruzogi rumaze gukweguka, umuvyeyi aca asunika agasohora insimbizo yahora igaburira umwana (placenta).

o Ntimuzohirahire ngo mugerageze gukwega uruzogi. Rurashobora gucikira imbere.

o Umuforomakazi ni we azokumenyesha ko hageze gutera. o Insimbizo ni yo yahora igaburira umwana akiri mu nda.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaGutevya Gucacura Gutevya gucacura (uruzogi rumaze kuzana ibara ryera) uruzogi bigabanya

kugeramirwa no gukama amaraso mu tuyoya. Insimbizo Insimbizo ni yamara kwitandukanya n’igitereko, uruzogi ruzoca rusohoka buke

buke ruve mu gihimba c’irondoka. Ico ni co kimenyetso cerekana ko insimbizo yitandukanije kandi ko uwo mugore ashobora gutangura gutera kugira ngo afashe insimbizo gusohoka.

Iyo insimbizo itevye gusohoka umuvyeyi yahejeje kwibaruka, yamara ata maraso ariko arava, mworindira nk’isaha imwe kugira ngo insimbizo isohoke.

Kwonsa Himiriza abavyeyi guca bonsa ubwo nyene. Ivyo tuzobivugako ido n’ido mu

cigwa gikurikira.

11. Igikorwa: Uturusho two Kwibarukira kwa Muganga – iminota 15

1. Saba abavyeyi bagereranye kwibarukira i muhira no kwibarukira kwa muganga.

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2. Ni mucape impande zibiri hasi. Hejuru y’uruhande rumwe uhacape inzu. Hejuru y’urundi ruhande, ucape ivuriro (canke umusaraba wo kugereranya ivuriro).

3. Mukoreshe amabuye, amababi y’ibiti canke ibindi bintu vyo kugereranya uturusho tuboneka kuri buri ruhande.

4. Tumwe mu turusho two kuvyarira kwa muganga turashobora kuvugwamwo ibi bikurikira:

a. Nzohasanga abahinga bomfasha bishitse nkagira ingorane.b. Ni ahantu h’isuku ho kuvyarira.c. Bashobora guca bitwararika umwana ubwo nyene akivuka hagize

ingorane ishika. d. Biroroha ko baca baha umwana incanco zikenewe (BCG na Polio).

5. Gereranya uturusho two kwibarukira i muhira no kwibarukira kwa muganga. None ni ukuhe guhitamwo kwobera umwana ngirakamaro gusumba? Ni ukuhe guhitamwo kwobera umuvyeyi ngirakamaro gusumba?

6. Ushimike mu kuvuga ko kwibarukira kwa muganga ariho umuntu aba yikingiye kandi akingiye n’umwana. Hagize ingorane zishika, abaganga barashobora guca bakora vuba mu gutabara bagashobora gukiza ubuzima bw’umuvyeyi n’ubw’umwana. I muhira, iyo ingorane zishitse, nyina n’umwana barageramirwa cane no kwandura ingwara canke n’urupfu.

7. Ni muyage ku makenga bafise. Mushimikire ku turusho two kwibarukira kwa Muganga. Kandi muhimirize abatarafata ingingo yokwibarukira kwa Muganga ngo bavyiyumvireko kandi babiyage n’abo mu muryango wabo.

12. Gucaca –iminota 10




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4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa zikurikira zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu.






75

Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuzoca nyarukira kwa muganga ni nabona ibimenyetso binyereka ko umwana agira avuke.




Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze: Mbega mw’ijoro ry’ejo waryamye mu musegetera? Mbega ubu turiko turavuga hariho umusegetera umanitse mu nzu yawe?

Mbega woba waragerageje gukuraho ibibanza imibu itamwo amagi bikikuje urugo rwawe? Ni iki wakoze kugira ngo ubuze imibu kuza?

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Icigwa ca 8: Kwonsa Umwana Ubwo Nyene Akivuka n’Akamaro k’Umuhondo

Abakirizi bazoca baryamika akayoya mu gikiriza ca nyina ubwo nyene kakivuka.

o Shira umwana mu gikiriza ca nyina uruhu rukoranako n’urundi n’iburiburi amasaha abiri umwana amaze kuvuka kugira ngo umwana agumye ubushuhe bukwiye no gukomeza igishika hagati y’umuvyeyi n’umwana.

o Gushikirana n’akayoya bifasha amabere y’umuvyeyi kuzana amaberebere vuba.

Abavyeyi bazoca batangura kwonsa bitarenze ikiringo c’isaha imwe umwana amaze kuvuka kugira ngo umwana aronke amaberebere y’umuhondo.

o Amaberebere y’umuhondo ni yo akingira umwana ingwara. Ni nka vitamine canke ni nk’urucanco rutuma umwana akomera.

o Amaberebere y’umuhondo afasha mu kwoza umushishito w’umwana (kugira ngo yitume ivya mbere vyirabura).

o Iyo umwana yonse ibere amaze kuvuka ivyo bituma ibere ry’umuvyeyi ritangura kuzana amaberebere yose umwana akenera mu misi ya mbere no mu mezi ya mbere y’ubuzima.

o Kwonsa umwana ubwo nyene akivuka bituma insimbizo isohoka vuba kandi bikagabanya ukuva amaraso kw’umuvyeyi inyuma yo kwibaruka.

o Gushira akayoya kw’ibere vyigisha ako kayoya kwonka katararinda gusonza (LDM).

Abarezi b’abana nta kindi kintu na kimwe bazoha abana batarakwiza amezi atandantu atari ibere gusa; ntibazokwigera babaha amazi, canke inzoga canke ibindi bifungurwa imbere y’amezi atandatu.

Abarezi b’abana bazosangira izi nyigisho n’abo mu muryango wabo hamwe n’abakirizi kugira ngo umwana azoce ashirwa kw’ibere ubwo nyene akivuka.

Ibikoresho:1. Ibitabo vyo Guhamagariramwo Amazina vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure2. Amabuye atatu canke amagi atatu canke imipira itatu bifise ubunini bungana

n’ubw’imipira ikenewe mu gikorwa kiza gukorwa.*

Icigwa ca 8 mu ncamake: Agakino: Nimirije Kuronka Akabebe Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Kwibaruka

kwa Barumwete

Objectives containing a black diamond were recommended messages based on the Local Determinants of Malnutrition Study.

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Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru iri ku mpapuro za 84-89 z’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku vyo Gukoranako Uruhu ku Rundi, Kwonsa Umwana ubwo Nyene Akivuka, n’Akamaro k’Amaberebere ya mbere y’Umuhondo.

Igikorwa: Inda Zingana n’Udupira Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato ijanye no

Kwibarukira kwa Muganga.

1. Agakino: Nimirije Kuronka Akabebe - iminota 10

1. Aka ni agakino gakoresha kwibuka. Abagore bo mu mugwi wanyu bategerezwa kwibuka ikintu cose abandi bagore bo mu mugwi bavuze maze nabo bakagisubiramwo.

2. Saba abo bagore kwicara canke guhagarara mu muzingi hamwe n’uwurongoye ako gakino.

3. Uwurongoye ako gakino atangura avuga ati, “Nimirije kuzoja kuvyarira kwa muganga kandi nzogenda twaye (ace yongerako ikintu azogenda atwaye). »

4. Nta nyishu itari yo muri aka gakino. Abo bagore barashobora kuvuga ico bashaka kuzojana cose. Igihambaye ngaha ni uko abo bagore bogerageza kwibuka ibindi vyatondekeshejwe n’abandi bagore.

5. Nk’akarorero, « Nimirije kuzoja kwibarukira kwa muganga kandi nzotwara impuzu zisukuye.”

6. Umugore ari i buryo bw’uwurongoye agakino ategerezwa gusubiramwo ayo majambo nyene nawe agaca yongerako ikindi kintu. Nk’akarorero, “Nimirije kuzoja kwibarukira kwa Muganga kandi nzotwara impuzu zisukuye n’agasukari. »

7. Shishikara n’uwundi mugore akurikira mu muzingi, umwe wese aza arongerezako ikintu gishasha ku rutonde.

8. Ni vyashika Umugore ntiyibuke canke ntatondekeshe ibiri ku rutonde nk’uko biri, uwo ategerezwa guca ava mu murongo.

9. Ni hasigara umugore umwe gusa ku muzingi, agakino kazoba gaheze.

Hinge noneho dutangure icigwa c’uyu musi.

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1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Igitabo Mfashanyigisho ca mbere.




Kwibaruka kwa Barumwete (Isanamu 8.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru Ni musome inkuru yo ku rupapuro rwa 62 rw’igitabo Mfashanyigisho. Iyo nkuru ishikiriza amatati Barumwete yagiranye na nabukwe aho yari

ahejeje kwibaruka.

Barumwete yagiye kwa muganga aherekejwe na nabukwe. Kwibaruka vyaramugoye cane kandi vyaratevye. Uwo mwana Barumwete yaciye amwita “Mvuyekure.” Uruzogi rw’umwana bamaze kurucacura, umuforoma yaciye agerageza guca ashira umwana mu gikiriza ca Barumwete. Ariko Nabukwe ntiyavyemeye. Avuga, ati “Barumwete amaze imisi afise intege nke kandi agwaragurika. Kanatsinda n’amaberebere ntarayaronka. Mpa uwo mwana ndamurere.” Barumwete yarababaye cane. Ivyo ntavyemera.

4. Gutohoza Ni musome ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 62 rw’igitabo c’amasanamu

mfashanyigisho. Baza ikibazo ca mbere n’ica kabiri kugira ngo musubiremwo iyo nkuru. Baza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo mumenye ico abagore baca bakora

n’ingene basanzwe bifata ubwo nyene iyo bahejeje kuvyara. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe


rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

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? Ni ibiki vyabaye inyuma yo kwibaruka?? Ni kuki Nabukwe yaciye atora umwana akamumwaka?? Mbega ni iki umwana muca mumukorera ubwo nyene

akimara kuvuka? Kubera iki?

Gukoranako Uruhu ku Rundi (Isanamu 8.2) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 65.





Umwana muhejeje kumuhanagura, ni muce mumushira uruhu ku rundi mu gikiriza ca nyina.

o Ivyo birakomeza cane igishika c’umwana na nyina.o Kandi ubushuhe bw’umubiri wa nyina ni bwo bususurutsa umwana.

o Ivyo bigafasha akayoya gususuruka amasaha menshi gahejeje kuvuka muri uko gukoranako kw’uruhu n’urundi.

Shira umwana kw’ibere rya nyina kuko ivyo bifasha ingovyi kuba yamaze gusohoka mw’isaha ya mbere.

o Kwonsa gutuma amaberebere y’umuvyeyi aza vuba.o Kwonsa kurafasha guhagarika kuva amaraso kw’umuvyeyi.o Kwonsa gutuma ingovyi isohoka vuba.

? Ni gute twoshobora gukinga amatati (amatati nk’ayo yabaye kuri Barumwete) ashika inyuma yo kuvuka?

? Mbega inyigisho wahawe woba warazishikirije umuntu azoguherekeza ugiye kuvyara?

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Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaGutakaza Ubushuhe kw’utuyoya Utuyoya biratugora kugumya ubushuhe bubereye bw’umubiri nk’uko biri ku

bantu bakuze. Duca dutakaza vuba ubushuhe bw’umubiri iyo bishitse bakadusukako amazi, bakadufukura, canke bakadushira mu bushuhe bwinshi.

Mu minota 1-2 ya mbere, akayoya karashobora gutakaza ubushuhe bw’umubiri wako bukagabanukako 2 °C.

Ibice 25% vy’ubushuhe bw’akayoya butakara buva ku mutwe. Ni mukambike agashapo mu mutwe kugira ngo kagume gasusurutse.

Kwonsa Ubwo Nyene Umwana Akivuka (Isanamu 8.3) – iminota 5

7. Kwerekana:Ni musabe abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku

rupapuro rwa 67.





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Tangura kwonsa mu kiringo kitarenze isaha umwana amaze kuvuka. o Amaberebere y’umuhondo ni co kintu ca mbere gikwiye guca mu kanwa

k’uruyoya.o Kwonsa umwana akivuka bimufasha kumenya ingene yigaburira

atararinda gusonza. Nta kindi uruyoya rukenera atari amaberebere; ntimukigere muha abana bari

musi y’amezi atandatu amazi, inzoga, bibero, canke izindi mfungurwa n’ibinyobwa ivyo ari vyo vyose.

o Amacupa (bibero) yo guheramwo abana akunda kwamana imigera maze akabatera ingwara.

o Amaberebere ni co kiribwa ca mbere kandi ni co kinyobwa ca mbere ku mwana.

Iyo umwana yonse umuhondo wa mbere kenshi, ivyo bituma amaberebere yera aza vuba.

o Uko kwonka kw’umwana gutuma amabere y’umuvyeyi akora amaberebere yera.

Akamaro k’Amaberebere ya Mbere y’Umuhondo (Isanamu 8.4) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 69.





Amaberebere ya mbere y’umuhondo akingira umwana ingwara.o Amaberebere ya mbere y’umuhondo arimwo za vitamine n’incanco

ziva mu muvyeyi zifasha gukingira uruyoya. o Utuyoya twonse amaberebere y’umuhondo tugira amagara meza

gusumba utuyoya tutonse amaberebere y’umuhondo. Amaberebere ya mbere y’umuhondo ni yo yoza umushishito w’umwana.

o Amaberebere y’umuhondo afasha umwana gusohora umwanda mukuru wa mbere wirabura kandi urenduka.

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o Uwo mwanda mukuru wa mbere usohoka mu misi ibiri ya mbere inyuma yo kuvuka.

11. Igikorwa: Inda Zingana n’Udupira – iminota 15

1. Ni murondere utubuye duto, canke amagi, canke ibindi bintu vyoba bifise ubunini nk’utu dupira twerekanwa muri aya masanamu.

2. Ubaze abo bagore bo mu mugwi, uti:

? Mbega agashishito k’uruyoya rukivuka kaba kangana gute?

3. Basigurire, uti: Kakivuga, umushishito w’akayoya uba ufise ubwaguke bungana no mu ngingo z’urutoke, canke nk’ibiye (uce werekana akabuye kagereranya umushishito wo ku musi wa mbere)

? None wiyumvira ko umuvyeyi wese aba afise amaberebere y’umuhondo akwiye yokwuzuza agashishito kangana nk’ako? (Inyishu ni Ego)

4. Basigurire: Umuvyeyi arashobora guhagarikwa umutima n’uko iyo ahejeje kuvyara aba adafise amaberebere y’umuhondo akwiye yohaza akayoya kiwe. Yamara rero umushishito w’akayoya kakivuka uba ufise ubunini butarenze ubw’aka kabuye. Umuvyeyi arashobora kukuzuza vyoroshe n’amaberebere yiwe y’umuhondo. Akwiye ahubwo guha ako kayoya uwo muhondo kenshi kugira ngo kaze karuzuza umushishito wako kenshi ku musi.

? Mbega agashishito k’uruyoya rumaze imisi itatu kaba kangana gute?

5. Basigurire: Ku musi ugira gatatu, agashishito k’uruyoya kaba gafise ubunini bungana n’ubw’ibuye rito (koresha ibuye rigereranya umusi ugira 3).

? None mwiyumvira ko umuvyeyi aba afise umuhondo ukwiye ku musi ugira gatatu wo kwuzuza agashishito kangana nk’ako?” (Inyishu y’ukuri ni Ego).

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6. Basigurire: Birakenewe ko umuvyeyi yonsa akayoya kenshi. Ivyo birakenewe kubera ko agashishito k’akayoya kaba ari gato cane. Akayoya gakenera kwonka kenshi kugira ngo kuzuze umushishito, hamwe n’umwanya wo kuruhuka kugira ngo umubiri uronke akaryo ko gusya ivyo kariye.

? Mbega agashishito k’uruyoya rumaze imisi cumi kangana gute?

7. Ku musi ugira cumi wo kubaho, agashishito k’uruyoya kaba gafise ubunini bungana n’iri buye (bereke ibuye rigereranya umusi ugira 10). Umuvyeyi aza gushika ku musi ugira cumi afise amaberebere menshi. Yamara rero biba bigikenewe ko yonsa umwana kenshi kugira ngo yuzuze umushishito w’umwana maze amureke aruhuke kugira ngo aronke akaryo ko gusya ivyo ariye.

8. Bishure ibibazo bafise. Ni bahanahane utwo tubuye kugira ngo abo bavyeyi bose baturabe.







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Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuvugana n’umuntu azomperekeza kwa muganga ngiye kwibaruka ku vy’ugukoranako kw’umubiri n’uwundi no kwonsa umwana ubwo nyene akivuka. Niyemeje kuzoha umwana wanje amaberebere ya mbere y’umuhondo ubwo nyene akivuka. Niyemeje kuzokwonsa umwana wanje gusa no kutazomuha ibindi binyobwa canke ibindi bifungurwa.


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Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze: Mbega waravuganye n’umufasha wawe ku bijanye no kwibarukira kwa

muganga? None waramaze gutegekanya ivyo uzokenera vyose ni waja kwibaruka kwa

Muganga? Mbega warahejeje gutunganya integuro yawe yose yo kwibaruka?

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Icigwa c’9: Ivyokorwa mu Kwitwararika Akayoya

Abarezi b’abana bazokwoza akayoya mu buryo bubereye:o Ni murindire gushika amasaha 24 aheze inyuma yo kuvuka kugira ngo

mutangure gukoresha amazi mu kwoza akayoya. o Inyuma y’umusi wa mbere w’ubuzima, muze murakoresha agahuzu

gakanyishije kugira ngo mwoze umwana buri musi.o Murindire gushika uruzogi rumaze gukoroka kandi hamaze gukira neza

imbere yo kwoza umwana mw’ibase y’amazi.o Ni mwoze mu maso h’umwana mu guhanagura ijisho ryose

mutanguriye ku zuru maze mugahanagura mushira inyuma. o Buri musi ni mwoze mu maso h’umwana no mw’izosi mukoresheje

agahuzu gakanye, muhanagura neza mu mizingo y’uruhu kandi mukahumisha.

Abarezi b’abana bazobungabunga isuku ry’uruzogi kandi rwumutse kugira ngo ntirwandure imigera.

o Uruzogi murufukishe agahuzu gasukuye. o Ntimugire imiti ihinguwe canke imiti y’ikirundi mushira ku ruzogi. o Hagize umukoyo canke umwanda mukuru bikora ku ruzogi, muce

murwoza n’isabune n’amazi maze murwumutse n’agahuzu gasukuye. Abarezi b’abana bazobungabunga ubushuhe bw’akayoya na cane cane mu

ndwi zitatu za mbere z’ubuzima. Abarezi b’abana bazobanza gukaraba n’isabune n’amazi imbere n’inyuma yo

guterura akayoya na cane cane inyuma yo kukoza ku gasusu. Abavyeyi bazokwonsa umwana igihe cose bikenewe umwana yerekanye

ibimenyetso vyo gusonza. Utuyoya tuzoca turonswa incanco zibiri za mbere dukenera tukivuka kugira

ngo dukingirwe Polio na BCG. Abarezi b’abana bazihutira gutwara akayoya kwa muganga ni vyashika

bakagira kimwe mu bimenyetso bikurikira vyo kugeramirwa kw’utuyoya babona:

o Yonka nabi canke yanse kwonkao Yonka musi y’amasaha 5o Amashira azanana mu masoo Uruzogi rusebuye rurimwo amashira canke amarasoo Amaso y’umuhondo canke uruhu rw’umuhondo

Icigwa c’9 mu Ncamake: Agakino: Imigera n’Isabune Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Biguvu Nta

Nzoga Tumuha

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Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru iri ku mpapuro za 84-89 z’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku vyo Kubungabunga Isuku ry’Akayoya, Kwitwararika Akayoya, n’Ibimenyetso vyo Kugeramirwa vy’Akayoya.

Igikorwa: Kubuza Utuyoya Gupfa Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi Kwimenyereza babiri babiri Kwiyemeza Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato ijanye

n’ibimenyetso vyerekana ko umwana agira avuke no kwibarukira kwa muganga.

1. Saba abo bagore bahagarare mu muzingi.2. Ubwire abo bagore ko umwe wese yorabisha ijisho mu gacerere maze

agatoranya uwundi mugore wo mu mugwi. Ubasabe ko uwuhejeje gutora yoca akiriza ukuboko.

3. Bose ni baheza gutora, ubasigurire ko uwo muntu batoye agereranya umugera w’ingwara. Bakwiye rero kwigigwa kure y’uwo muntu mu buryo bwose bashoboye.

4. Bwira umugore wese arabishe ijisho maze atotanye uwundi mugore wo mu mugwi mu gacerere. Ubasabe ko uwuhejeje gutoranya yoca akiriza ukuboko.

5. Bose ni baheza gutora, ubasigurire ko uwo agira kabiri batoye agereranya ikimanyu c’isabune yo kwikingira ngo ntibandure imigera y’ingwara. Bakwiye kugerageza guhagarara hafi y’iyo sabune hashoboka kugira ngo bikingire uwo mugera.

6. Urabe neza ko bose batahura ico basabwe gukora maze muce mutangura agakino.

7. Haciye iminota myinshi, muhindure agakino. Ubabwire ko wa muntu wa mbere batora ari we ahindutse isabune, umwe agira kabiri nawe abaye umugera.

8. Inyuma y’iminota myinshi ni wabona bose bariko baratwenga, uce uhagarika agakino.

Noneho rero, hinge dutangure icigwa cacu.

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1. Agakino: Imigera n’Isabune - iminota 10


1. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Igitabo Mfashanyigisho ca mbere.


3. Umu Promoteri akabaza abavyeyi bapfuye, abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha muri iyo migwi y’ababanyi. Umu promoteri akandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.


Biguvu Nta Nzoga Tumuha (Isanamu 9.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru Ni musome inkuru iri ku rupapuro rwa 70 rw’igitabo mfashanyigisho. Muri iyi nkuru, umugabo wa Karorero ariko arashigikira ingendo nshasha zo

mu vy’amagara we n’umugore wiwe bariko baragerageza ku kayoya baherutse kuronka.

Umugabo wa Karorero arizeye akamaro k’izo nyigisho z’ivy’amagara kubera ko yazigerageje maze akibonera ubudasa mu buzima bw’uwo mwana.

Karorero yibarutse umwana w’umuhungu. Bamwise Biguvu. Umugabo wa Karorero ariko arayaga n’umubanyi. Uwo mubanyi arabatwenga agira ati, “Ni kuki mwanka guha uyu mwana utuyoga?” Umugabo wa Karorero amwishura ati, “Biguvu twamwonkeje amaberebere y’umuhondo adasanzwe kandi yaramaze kwoza mu mushishito wiwe. Ubu mbere turashobora kubona ko amaze kugira amagara meza gusumba uko bakuru biwe bari bameze igihe bavuka.”

4. Gutohoza Ni musome ibibazo vyo ku rupapuro rwa 70 rw’igitabo c’Amasanamu

mfashanyigisho. Baza ikibazo ca mbere kugira ngo musubiremwo iyo nkuru kandi wumvirize

ivyiyumviro vy’abo bagore kuri ivyo umugabo wa Karorero yakoze. Baza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo umenye umwitwarariko udasanzwe

abagore bo mu mugwi bagirira akayoya mu ndwi ya mbere y’ubuzima.

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Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni iki catumye umubanyi atwenga umugabo wa Karorero?? Ni kuki umugabo wa Karorero yizigiye neza ko

amaberebere ari co kintu ciza ca mbere ku mwana?? Ni ibihe bintu bidasanzwe mukorera uruyoya mu ndwi ya

mbere y’ubuzima?

Kubungabunga Isuku ry’Akayoya (Isanamu 9.2) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 73.





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Ntimwoze akayoya n’amazi ku musi wa mbere.o Kandi ntimugacisheko ikintu kijobetse gushika umusi umwe

wiramvuye umaze guhera.o Utuyoya biratugora kugumana ubushuhe bw’umubiri.

Ku musi ugira kabiri, ni mwoze akayoya mu mutwe, kw’izosi n’ahazengurutse amaso. Kandi ivyo muze murabikora buri musi.

o Mutangure gukoresha agahuzu gakanyishije guhera ku musi ugira kabiri.

o Mwoze mu mipfunyunyu y’uruhu kw’izosi no ku maguru.o Kandi mu kwoza akayoya ni munyarutse kugira ngo ntigakanye.o Ikindi gice c’umubiri gisigaye mugifuke n’akarengeti gasusurutsa

kugira ngo akayoya kagume mu twuya. Uruzogi rugumane isuku kandi rwumutse. Ntimugire umuti uhinguwe canke

uw’ikirundi mushira ku ruzogi.o Bishitse umukoyo canke umwanda mukuru bigakora ku ruzogi,

murwoze n’isabune n’amazi.o Kandi muce murwumutsa mukoresheje agahuzu gasukuye.o Ruzihuta gukira ni rwaguma rwumutse.

Uruzogi rumaze kuragaza, muze muroza uwo mwana mw’ibase buri musi. o Uruzogi rukwiye kuba rwamaze kuragaza mu misi itanu gushika

kw’icumi.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha UwigishaIbitigiri vy’Abana Bapfa Ku bana bose bapfa bafise imyaka iri musi y’imyaka 5, 40% yabo bapfa mu

misi indwi ya mbere y’inyuma yo kuvuka. Hari imvo zitatu zitera ukwo gupfa kw’utuyoya: kwandura imigera, kubura impwemu (iyo umwana ataronse impwemu nziza imbere, mw’ivuka, canke inyuma y’ivuka), hamwe rero n’abavuka hatageze.

Mu Burundi, utuyoya 41 ku 1.000 bavutse bakomeye dupfa mu ndwi zine za mbere z’inyuma yo kuvuka.

Indwi ya mbere n’ukwezi kwa mbere mu buzima bw’akayoya ni ibihe vyo kugeramirwa cane. Naho kugeramirwa n’urupfu kugenda kuragabanuka uko igihe gitera kirengana, akayoya kose karakenera kwitwararikwa cane mu kwezi kwa mbere kw’ubuzima.

Kwitwararika Akayoya (Isanamu 9.3) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 75.

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Saba muganga acandage akayoya kawe ngo gakingirwe ingwara.o Utuyoya dukwiye guhabwa incanco z’ubwoko bubiri.o Ubwoko bwa mbere ni intonyi batonyereza mu kanwa k’akayoya.o Ubwoko bugira kabiri ni urushinge umuganga azotera ako kayoya.o Iyo miti irafasha mu gukingira umwana ingwara.

Akayoya mukambike impuzu zisusurutsa mbere n’agashapo ni haba hari imbeho.

o Uruyoya rukenera impuzu nyinshi gusumba uwukuze.o Wame umuronderera iyindi mpuzu ugereka ku yo yambaye, na cane

cane mu ndwi zitatu za mbere. Uce umwonsa ni yerekana ibimenyetso ko ashonje: kumbure aza arasohora

ururimi yongera arwinjiza mu kanwa, canke arira nk’umwana ariko aronka, canke ariko aronka intoke, canke aza arahindukiza umutwe ku ruhande rumwe no ku rundi, canke ariko ararira.

Ibimenyetso vyo Kugeramirwa Kw’Akayoya (Isanamu 9.4) – iminota 5


rupapuro rwa 77.


10. Gusigura:

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Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 76 na 77 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.


Uruyoya rwafashwe no gushuha. Uruyoya ruhema nabi. Uruyoya rwonka nabi canke rwanse kwonka. Uruyoya rwafashwe no kujugumira. Amashira azanana mu maso y’uruyoya. Uruyoya rufise amaso y’umuhondo canke uruhu rw’umuhondo. Amaraso canke amashira azanana mu ruzogi.

o Amaraso canke amashira ni ibimenyetso vyerekana ko hari imigera yinjiye mu ruzogi.

Ubwo nyene ca unyarukana ako kayoya kwa muganga bishitse ukabona kimwe muri ivyo bimenyetso vyo kugeramirwa bishikirijwe.

11. Igikorwa: Kubuza Utuyoya Gupfa – iminota 15

c. Saba babiri mu bagore batanu basigaye nabo bahagarare hamwe. Abo bagore bagereranya utuyoya twishwe no kwandura (imigera yinjiye mu mibiri yatwo).

d. Abo batatu ba nyuma basigaye bagereranya utuyoya twishwe n’izindi mvo zitandukanye. Imwe yose ikaba yisa.

3. Baza uti, Mbega uratangajwe n’izo mvo zihitana abana? Kubera iki Ego canke kubera iki Oya?

4. Ufate iminota itanu ikurikira uhimiriza abo bagore kuyaga ku vyokorwa mu guhangana n’ivyo bitatu nyamukuru bihitana ubuzima bw’utuyoya.

5. Ongerako ibi bikurikira hamwe vyoba bitashikirijwe.6. Kugira ngo ukingire abana kuvuka ari bato cane canke kuvuka hatageze

a. Fungura neza iyo wibungenzeJa gupimisha imbanyi kwa muganga kugira ngo bakurikirane igikuriro c’umwana.

b. Unywe za vitamine z’abibungenze harimwo fer na folatec. Uryame mu musegetera (kugira ngo wirinde gukama amaraso).d. Ukoreshe umunyu urimwo iyode.

7. Kugira ngo ukingire abana kubura impwemu nziza zikwiye.a. Ja gupimisha imbanyi kwa muganga kugira ngo bakurikirane uko

umwana yicaye mu nda (iyo umwana asohotse yicaye canke gutera kukamara umwanya munini cane, abana benshi baca babura impwemu nziza).

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b. Wibarukire kwa Muganga kugira ngo abaganga barabe ko ibise no gutera bitamara umwanya muremure cane.

8. Kugira ngo utuyoya ntitwandure imigera y’ingwara.a. Ni ukarabe imbere yo guterura akayoya.b. Ubungabunge isuku ry’uruzogi.c. Ukoreshe ugwembe rusukuye mu gucacura urusogi.d. Wibarukire kwa Muganga aho abaganga bashobora guca bavura

umwana yanduye imigera y’ingwara ubwo nyene.








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Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuzorindira umusi umwe imbere yo gukoresha amazi mu kwoza akayoya kanje. Niyemeje kwoza akayoya kanje mu maso no mw’izosi buri musi guhera ku musi ugira kabiri. Niyemeje kwihutira kujana umwana wanje kwa muganga bishitse nkabona ikimenyetso co kugeramirwa. Niyemeje kuzoshishikazwa no kubona ko akayoya kanje karonse incanco kakivuka.




Hanyuma uheze ubaze abo bavyeyi bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze: Mbega warabwiye uwuzoguherekeza kwibaruka ivy’akamaro k’ugukoranako

kw’umubiri ku wundi no kwonsa umwana ubwo nyene akivuka? Mbega warabwiye abo mu muryango wawe akamaro k’amaberebere ya

mbere y’umuhondo? Mbega akayoya kawe uzokagaburira iki mu misi ya mbere y’ubuzima bwako?

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Akabazo ko Gutangurirako no Gusozererako k’ivyigwa 1-9Ibibazo bibiri bijanye na buri cigwa bishikirijwe ngaho musi. Imbere n’inyuma yo kwigisha ibi vyigwa ku bakozi no ku bigisha, tanga akabazo ko guherezako kugira ngo urabe urugero batahuyeko. Ku baronse ibice 75% canke batabikwije (boba bafise n’iburiburi inyishu icenda z’ukuri), ongera ubahe izindi nyigisho kugira ngo ubafashe gutahura ivyigishijwe. Abigisha nabo ntibogerageza kwigisha abandi mu gihe nabo nyene boba batarashobora kuronka 75% canke kubirenza.

1. Mbega umugore yibungenze yoja kwa muganga kangahe gupimisha imbanyi?

a. Yoja kwa muganga yumvise agwaye gusa.b. Yoja kwa muganga buri kwezi.c. Yoja kwa muganga rimwe mu mezi atatu.d. Yoja kwa muganga gupimisha imbanyi hasigaye umusi umwe ngo

yibaruke.

2. Hariho ibintu bine bikwiye gushirwa mu nteguro y’ukwibaruka y’umurezi w’abana. Toranya muri uru rutonde rushikirijwe ngaho musi kimwe kitari mu bigize integuro yo kwibaruka.

a. Kuziganya amahera y’itike rizogushikana kw’ivurirob. Kurondera umuntu azosigarana abana mu rugo mu gihe nyina azoba

adahari.c. Kurondera umuntu azoteka ivyo abana bafungura no gukora utundi

dukorwa two mu rugo.d. Kugura amacupa n’amasafuriya y’umwana yo guteka amazi.

3. Ni ikihe muri ibi bifungurwa bikurikira umuvyeyi yibungenze akwiye kwirinda?

a. Kunywa itabi n’inzoga b. Imfungurwa zirimwo icunyunyu fer cinshi nk’igitigu canke inyama zo

mu nda n’izo mu mutwe.c. Imfungurwa zarunzwe umunyu urimwo iyode.d. Imfungurwa zigizwe n’amabara menshi atandukanye.

4. Ego canke Oya? __________ Kuva akibona ikimenyetso ca mbere ko yibunyenze, umugore akwiye guca atangura kwihereza izindi mfungurwa canke utundi dufungurwa birenze ku vyo yahora afungura buri musi.

5. Iyo umuvyeyi afise icunyunyu fer gike, mbega akwiye gukora iki?a. Kwongereza akunyu karimwo iyode mu vyo afungura.b. Kwihereza ibiharage vyinshi, imboga z’ivyatsi nyinshi, n’inyama zo mu

nda no mu mutwe.c. Kurushirizaho kurya ivyamwa vyinshi nk’imyembe, imihwi, n’ipapayid. Kwongereza imikate, amavuta, n’amata yihereza.

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6. Mbega umuvyeyi akenera kwihereza umunyu ungana gute buri musi kugira ngo yongereze iyode?

a. Akunyu gake amemera mu vyo afungura buri musi.b. Utuyiko tubiri buri musi.c. Akunyu gake amemera mu mfungurwa rimwe mu ndwi.d. Utuyiko tubiri rimwe mu misi ibiri.

7. Mbega Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba rugizwe n’ayahe majambo?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Vuga BITATU mu bihe BITANU bihambaye umuntu akwiye gukaraba.________________________________

________________________________________________________________

9. Ego canke Oya? __________ Umuryango ukwiye gukarabira kandi ukirongororera mu mazi y’ibase imwe imbere yo gufungura.

10. Ni ikihe kibanza kibereye kumanikwamwo igikarabiro? __________________

11. Mbega Malariya ihanahanwa gute? a. Imibu yandura malariya mu kunywa amazi mabi. Hanyuma ayo mazi

mabi ikayakwiragiza mu bandi. b. Malariya yandukira mu kunywa amazi mabi.c. Malariya yandukira mu kurya imfungurwa zicafuye.d. Imibu yandura malariya iyo iriye umuntu agwaye malariya. Maze

igakwiragiza iyo ngwara mu bandi iriye.

12. Vuga ibintu bibiri umuvyeyi yibungenze yokora kugira ngo yikingire malariya. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. Vuga ibimenyetso bibiri vy’ibise (vyerekana ko umwana agira avuke). Ivyo bimenyetso bimenyesha umuvyeyi ko akwiye kwihutira kuja kwa muganga. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. Mbega uruzogi rukwiye gucacurwa ryari?a. Ubwo nyene umwana ahejeje kuvuka.

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b. Uruzogi rumaze kureka gutera rugahindura ibara rukazana ibara ryera.c. Imbere y’uko umuvyeyi atangura kwonsad. Insimbizo (isaho yahora igaburira umwana) imaze gusohoka.

15. Ni ikihe mu bihora bikorwa bikurikira KITABEREYE gukorwa mu masaha ya mbere y’ubuzima?

a. Guha akayoya amazi yo kunywa.b. Gushira umwana uruhu ku rundi mu gikiriza ca nyina.c. Guhimiriza umuvyeyi kwonsa kugira ngo bifashe insimbizo gusohoka.d. Kwonsa umwana mu kumuha amaberebere ya mbere y’umuhondo.

16. Ego canke Oya. ___________ Amaberebere ya mbere y’umuhondo afasha umwana gusohora umwanda mukuru wa mbere wirabura.

17. Ni ku musi ugira kangahe woshobora gukoresha agahuzu gakanye mu kwoza akayoya?

a. Ku musi wa mbereb. Ku musi ugira kabiric. Ku musi ugira gatatu amaberebere yera atanguye kuzad. Ku musi ugira cumi uruzogi rumaze gukoroka.

18. Vuga ibimenyetso bibiri akayoya gakora mu kwerekana ko gashonje.

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INYISHU Z’Akabazo ko Gutangurirako no Gusozererako k’Ivyigwa vya 1-9

1. Mbega umugore yibungenze yoja kwa muganga kangahe gupimisha imbanyi?C. Yoja kwa muganga rimwe mu mezi atatu.

2. Hariho ibintu bine bikwiye gushirwa mu nteguro y’ukwibaruka y’umurezi w’abana. Toranya muri uru rutonde rushikirijwe ngaho musi kimwe kitari mu bigize integuro yo kwibaruka.D. Kugura amacupa n’amasafuriya y’umwana yo guteka amazi.

3. Ni ikihe muri ibi bifungurwa bikurikira umuvyeyi yibungenze akwiye kwirinda?A. Kunywa itabi n’inzoga

4. Ego canke Oya? ___EGO_______ Kuva akibona ikimenyetso ca mbere ko yibunyenze, umugore akwiye guca atangura kwihereza izindi mfungurwa canke utundi dufungurwa birenze ku vyo yahora afungura buri musi.

5. Iyo umuvyeyi afise icunyunyu fer gike, mbega akwiye gukora iki?B. Kwihereza ibiharage vyinshi, imboga z’ivyatsi nyinshi, n’inyama zo mu nda no mu mutwe.

6. Mbega umuvyeyi akenera kwihereza umunyu ungana gute buri musi kugira ngo yongereze iyode?A. Akunyu gake amemera mu vyo afungura buri musi.

7. Mbega Ururirimbo rwo Gukaraba Rugizwe n’ayahe majambo?

8. Vuga BITATU mu bihe BITANU bihambaye umuntu akwiye gukaraba.Icoshikirizwa cose muri ibi bikurikira ni co:Gukaraba imbere yo gufunguraGukaraba umuntu avuye mu kazu ka sugumwe _ (canke avuye guta umwanda mukuru w’umwana)Gukaraba imbere yo gutegura (canke gukora ku) imfungurwaGukarabisha umwana avuye mu kazu ka sugumweGukarabisha umwana imbere y’uko afungura canke akora ku mfungurwa9. Ego canke Oya? ___OYA_______ Umuryango ukwiye gukarabira kandi ukirongororera mu mazi y’ibase imwe imbere yo gufungura. 10. Ni ikihe kibanza kibereye kumanikwamwo igikarabiro? __Hafi y’Akazu ka Sugumwe____

11. Mbega Malariya ihanahanwa gute?

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D. Imibu yandura malariya iyo iriye umuntu agwaye malariya. Maze igakwiragiza iyongwara mu bandi iriye.

12. Vuga ibintu bibiri umuvyeyi yibungenze yokora kugira ngo yikingire malariya.Icoshikirizwa cose muri ibi bikurikira ni co:Buri Joro kuryama mu musegetera.Kumanika umusegetera mu nzu imisi yose.Kuzibira ibidengeri vy’amazi n’amahuye.Gusesa amazi ari mu bidobo, mu bipine, no mu bikopo akabikuramwo amazi abitegamwo.

13. Vuga ibimenyetso bibiri vy’ibise (vyerekana ko umwana agira avuke). Ivyo bimenyetso bimenyesha umuvyeyi ko akwiye kwihutira kuja kwa muganga. Icotangwa cose muri ibi bikurikira ni co:Amazi aseseka avuye mu gihimba c’irondokaIbise bikomeye, biza biragaruka inyuma y’umwanya usa nk’uwungana, kandi bigatera vyegerana.Ibirenduke biva mu gihimba c’irondoka

14. Mbega uruzogi rukwiye gucacurwa ryari?B. Uruzogi rumaze kureka gutera rugahindura ibara rukazana ibara ryera.

15. Ni ikihe mu bihora bikorwa bikurikira KITABEREYE gukorwa mu masaha ya mbere y’ubuzima?A. Guha akayoya amazi yo kunywa.

16. Ego canke Oya. ___EGO________ Amaberebere ya mbere y’umuhondo afasha umwana gusohora umwanda mukuru wa mbere wirabura.

17. Ni ku musi ugira kangahe woshobora gukoresha agahuzu gakanye mu kwoza akayoya?B. Ku musi ugira kabiri

18. Vuga ibimenyetso bibiri akayoya gakora mu kwerekana ko gashonje.Iyotangwa yose muri izi zikurikira ni yo:Ururimi ntiruguma hamwe ararusohora yongera arwinjiza mu kanwa kandi agakwega nk’uwuriko aronka. Yonka intoke.Yugurura umunwa kandi umutwe ntuguma hamwe awuhindukiza uva ku ruhande rumwe uja ku rundi. Ararira

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icigwa ca 5

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