icao fluency

ICAO EnglishICAO English FluencyFluencyby Petter Zugaibby Petter Zugaib

WEBCONFERENCE

(BY SKYPE)

What is Fluency?What is Fluency?

Being able to:Being able to:

a.a. express oneself readily and express oneself readily and effortlessly.effortlessly.

b.b. Communicate with a powerful and Communicate with a powerful and effective language; effective language;

c.c. Have a good command of language.Have a good command of language.

L3 Produces stretches of language, butphrasing and pausing are often inappropriate.

Hesitations or slowness in languageprocessing may prevent effectivecommunication. Fillers are sometimesdistracting.

Cliente

Using fillers is an extremely useful conversation strategy since it helps you keep the floor, rather than leaving a pause where someone else could nip in and start talking.

FILLERS FILLERS In English, the most common filler sounds are uh /ə/, er /ɚ/ and um /əm/. Among youths, the fillers "like", "you know", "actually",

"literally",and "basically" are more prevalent. “Right...like...you know...actually...I mean...kind of... um... basically...in a manner of speaking...just...if you don't mind me saying...uh...really...I suppose...if truth be told...without a doubt...or something...in actual fact...well...yeah...errr...of course...so if you know what I mean...and stuff... “

SAMPLESSAMPLES

HINTSHINTS

1. Organize your thoughts

2. Say the filler word..but only in your head

3. Pause and take a break

4. Practice

5. Keep it Short, Simple

Cliente

Organize your thoughts: It is human tendency to speak even before your thoughts have been organized and it is during this gap between the arranging of your thoughts and the words being spoken that fillers are used the most. To avoid this take time off to first think about what you want to say and then say the words. This helps in eliminating unneccessary use of filler words.

Cliente

Say the filler word..but only in your head: This means that everytime you want to fill in a gap say with an umm.. in between your talk or speech try to prolong the word or the vowel sound instead of using a filler word.

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Pause and take a break: Try to take a break especially if you have a tendency to speak really fast and pause between your sentences. You don't have to feel awkward and fill in the pauses with the use of empty words.Wait a second before you say your next sentence.

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Practice: If you have a really important presentation to make practice in front of the mirror and also record your speech and listen to it. This will give a clear idea of the fillers that you un-consciously use when you speak and make the necessary corrections.

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Keep it Shor AND Simple Always use simple, neat and precise words that are easy to comprehend and not too complex for the listener.(be it formal or informal communication) This keeps you from being too monotonous, boring and keeps you away from using filler words.

L4 L4 Produces stretches of language atan appropriate tempo. There maybe occasional loss of fluency ontransition from rehearsed orformulaic speech to spontaneousinteraction, but this does notprevent effective communication.Can make limited use of discoursemarkers or connectors. Fillers arenot distracting.

DISCOURSE MARKERSDISCOURSE MARKERS

Some words and phrases help to develop ideas and relate them to one another. These kinds of words and phrases are often called discourse markers.discourse markers. Note that most of these discourse markers are formal and used when speaking in a formal context.

Cliente

Discourse markers are expressions that are used to show how discourse is constructed. They can show the connection between what a speaker is saying and what has already been said or what is going to be said; they can help to make clear the structure of what is being said; they can indicate what speakers think about what they are saying or what others have said.

SAMPLESSAMPLES

L5L5 Able to speak at length with relative ease on familiar topics, but may not vary speech flow as a stylistic device. Can make use of appropriate discourse markers or connectors.

SPEAK AT LENGTHSPEAK AT LENGTH

L6L6 Able to speak at length with a natural, effortless flow. Varies speech flow for stylistic effect, e.g. to emphasize a point. Uses appropriate discourse markers and connectors spontaneously.

Resources

http://www.elllo.org

http://pilotsfluency.ning.com

http://hubpages.com/hub/Filler-Words-in-english

http://www.ensc.sfu.ca/~whitmore/courses/esl/vocab_04.htm

Thank you!