Klaus Riede

Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgartand

Alexander Koenig Zoological Research Museum Bonn

Germany

Computer-aided Inventories of

Bioacoustic Diversity:

First Results and Future Needs

Assessment and monitoring of animal calls

Registration

Identification

Classification- conventional- computer-aided

Data-basing:- curation- publication

Future needs

Bioacoustic classification of ethospecies allows Rapid Assessment and Monitoring

Mapping with microphones allows to answerimportant research questions, such as:

- species ranges/ endemism- species abundance- species turnover- community patterns- activity patterns- vulnerability to habitat degradation- extermination rates (2010 targets)

- SPECIES DISCOVERY

Bioacoustics: a window to assessthe overwhelming and unknown insect diversity of

tropical forests

www.dorsa.de

Insect diversity in tropical forest canopies

Guess-timates from fogging the canopy: 30 million (Erwin 1982) - 80 million (Stork 1988)

Number of singing Orthoptera:

Cricket species;

Cicada species

and many more.....

The Problem:

.... but how can insect diversity be mapped or monitored,if most species not even have a name?

> 50„new“

100 42 species

Ecuador: mountain

Ecuador:

lowland

Malaysia:Borneo lowland forest

locality

Braun 2002Nischk 1999

Floren, Riede & Ingrisch 2001

Source

„new“ Orthoptera from fogging and sampling in SA and SEA

49

47 37

SPONSORED BY THE

Specimen-based database of important Orthoptera collections held in German museums :

9000 (type) specimens from 9 collections

Virtual Museum and Phonothek with images, sounds and maps 28,000 Images

more than 4,000 sounds with voucher specimens

Available through the SYSTAX Oracle database

Links to GBIF and Orthoptera Species File

DORSA - Digital Orthoptera Specimen Access www.dorsa.de

DORSA Virtual Museum and Phonothek – Digital ORthoptera Specimen Access

www.dorsa.de

DORSA: a specimen-oriented approach to digitise Phonotheks

www.dorsa.deSPONSORED BY THE

Analog and digital recordings from private phonothekswere digitised, standardised (wav), data-based andintegrated into DORSA

Major providers digitised and checked their own collection (Ingrisch, Heller, Nischk)

or co-operated with data providers (Coll. Schmidt)

A collection of back-up CDs is stored at the Museum Koenig

Sound files refer to voucher specimens

Eneoptera sp.

TYPES OF TOMORROW

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Lesson: Collection of individual songsters is necessary for baseline data sets,

But manual sound analysis is too time-consuming for rapid assessment

BUT...

Machine-learning techniques were successfully applied to classify 31 cricket and 22 katydid species

From: Dietrich et al. 2004, Pattern Recognition 37, 2293

Feature extraction wsa used to annotate ALL cricket species within the

DORSA database

Extraction of sound parameters by using MatLab Software

Pulse rate

Carrier frequency

Carrier frequency

In cooperation with:Dept of Neuroinformatics, Ulm

Frequency - Pulse distanceTrigoniinae subset from Ecuador

Pulsedistance[ms]

100

5 Frequency 18,0002,000

Annotation in Bioacoustics: Alexandre Yersin (1854):

Mémoire sur quelques faits relatifs à la stridulation des Orthoptères et leur distribution géographique en Europe.

Bulletin des Séances de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 4: 108-128

from Ragge & Reynolds 1998, p 65

Musical annotation for 38 species of acridid grasshoppers,e.g. Chorthippus mollis,C. brunneus und C. biguttulus,

http://www.simputer.org/

Rapid assessment of bioacoustic diversityand Species Discovery

requires portable software and databases

Wishlist and perspectives

User-friendly interfaces

Wishlist and perspectives

User-friendly interfaces Federated multimedia databases (GBIF?)

Wishlist and perspectives

User-friendly interfaces Federated multimedia databases (GBIF?) Unique identifiers for sound files

Wishlist and perspectives

User-friendly interfaces Federated multimedia databases (GBIF?) Unique identifiers for sound files Metadata standards

Wishlist and perspectives

User-friendly interfaces Federated multimedia databases (GBIF?) Unique identifiers for sound files Metadata standards searchable sound annotations (incl carrier

frequency)

Wishlist and perspectives

User-friendly interfaces Federated multimedia databases (GBIF?) Unique identifiers for sound files Metadata standards searchable sound annotations (incl carrier

frequency) ...... more sound files

Wishlist and perspectives

User-friendly interfaces Portable tools (cricket detector):

basic sound processingfeature extractionlocal database access

searchable sound annotations (incl carrier frequency)

Federated multimedia databases (GBIF?) ...... more sound files

Bioacoustics and taxonomy:

Klaus-Gerhard HellerSigfrid IngrischFrank NischkKlaus Riede

Thanks to:

IT

Karl-Heinz Lampe, Klaus RiedeJürgen Hoppe (SYSTAX) David Eades (OSF)

Automated Identification of Orthoptera songs

Christian DietrichGünther PalmFriedhelm Schwenker(Department of Neural Information Processing, Ulm University)