i scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream!
DESCRIPTION
I Scream, You Scream, We All Scream for Ice Cream!. Sarah Beeson, Jill Hall, Sarah Regan. Cold Stone Creamery. Founded in 1988 in Tempe, Arizona Uses in-store made ice cream that is combined with mix-ins, candy, and other toppings to create a new flavor Open year round - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
I Scream, You Scream, We All Scream for Ice Cream!
Sarah Beeson, Jill Hall, Sarah Regan
Cold Stone CreameryFounded in 1988 in
Tempe, ArizonaUses in-store made
ice cream that is combined with mix-ins, candy, and other toppings to create a new flavor
Open year roundIce cream parlor chain
Maggie Moo’sFounded in 1989 in
Kansas City, Kansas136 Treateries in 43
US states, Singapore, and Puerto Rico
Specializes in ice cream and other desserts
Independently owned and operated franchise stores
Our TopicWe set out to compare Cold
Stone and Maggie Moo’sWe went to two Cold Stone’s
(Warrington and Willow Grove) and two Maggie Moo’s’ (Warrington and Landsale)
Observed and surveyed for subject’s gender, order, price paid, size, preference, and frequency visited
ProcedureObserved customers in two of
each store from May 27- 31Allowed customer to order and
surveyed every third customer to ensure randomness
Used data table to record information
Exploratory Data AnalysisSeasonally is the
most common◦ With Sometimes
close behindFrequently is the
least common◦ Possibly due to ice
cream being seen as a seasonal treat
Bar Graph of Frequency of Visits
4
8
12
16
20
How_Often
frequ
ently
som
etim
es
seas
onal
ly
alm
ost n
ever
count
Combined Data Bar Chart
Frequently- 11.67%Sometimes- 31.67%Seasonally- 36.67%Almost Never- 20%
Gender and FlavorWith the exception
of coffee and chocolate, flavors are fairly evenly distributed between gender
Conclude gender has no effect on flavor
Flavor
08cake batter
08chocolate
08coffee
08mint
08specialty
08straw berry
8vanilla
Genderfemale male
count
Combined Data Bar Chart
Cake Batter- 50% female, 50% maleChocolate- 70% female, 30% maleCoffee- 80% female, 20% maleMint- 55.56% female, 44.44% male
Specialty- 62.5% female, 37.5% maleStrawberry- 40% female, 60% maleVanilla- 54.54% female, 45.46% male
Store PreferenceCold Stone and
Maggie Moo’s preference is approximately evenly distributed between the two
We conclude that the population is evenly split on favorite store
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Preferencecold stone maggie moo's
count
Combined Data Bar Chart
Cold Stone- 51.67%Maggie Moo’s- 48.33%
SizeSmall and Medium
are approximately evenly distributed◦ Large has a much
smaller frequencyWe conclude that
the majority of the population orders small or medium
5
10
15
20
25
Sizesmall medium large
count
Combined Data Bar Chart
Small- 40%Medium- 38.33%Large- 21.67%
5
10
15
20
25
30
Price3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0
Combined Data Histogram
PriceThere are gaps
between $3.50 and slightly less than $4.25, slightly above $4.25 and $4.50, and between approximately $5.12 and $5.30.
We conclude that the average price paid is around $4.80◦ Size and amount of
toppings affect priceHistogram is right skewed. It spreads from $3.25 to $6.75. The center is $4.81.
Gender and PreferencePreference for
store is approximately evenly distributed by each gender
We conclude that gender and preference are not dependent
Gender
0
4
8
12
16
20
female
4
8
12
16
20
male
Preferencecold stone maggie moo's
count
Combined Data Bar Chart
Cold Stone: male- 38.71% female- 61.29%
Maggie Moo’s: male- 41.38% female- 58.62%
Data Analysisχ2 GOF test for variety of flavorsχ2 test of homogeneity to
compare sizeχ2 test of independence for
gender vs. store preferred
x2 GOF Test for Variety of FlavorsHypotheses
◦Ho: Observed distribution of flavors fits the expected distribution of flavors
◦Ha: Observed distribution of flavors does not fit the expected distribution of flavors
Flavorcake batter chocolate coffee mint specialty strawberry vanilla total
Frequency 4 10 5 9 16 5 11 60
Flavor cake batter chocolate coffee mint specialty strawberry vanilla total
Frequency 8.5714 8.5714 8.5714 8.5714 8.5714 8.5714 8.5714 60
x2 GOF Test for Variety of Flavors
State Check
1. Categorical data2. SRS3. All expected counts ≥
5
1. Flavor and frequency are both categorical
2. Assumed representative
3. 8.5714 ≥ 5
Conditions metx2 distribution x2 GOF test
x2 GOF Test for Variety of Flavors
x2= 12.8p= .0463df=59We reject the Ho because the p-value of .0464
is less than alpha=.05We have sufficient evidence that the observed
distribution of flavors does not fit the expected distribution of flavors
...5714.8
)5714.810(5714.8
)5714.84(expexp)( 222
2
obs
x2 Test for HomogeneityHypotheses
◦The distribution of sizes at Maggie Moo’s and Cold Stone is equal
◦The distribution of sizes at Maggie Moo’s and Cold Stone is not equal
RowSummary
Column Summary
SizeSize
medium small
Size
large
cold stone
maggie moo'sStore_At
1 (6.5) 6 (11.5) 23 (12.0)
12 (6.5) 17 (11.5) 1 (12.0)
13 23 24
30
30
60
x2 Test for HomogeneityState Check
1. Categorical Data2. SRS3. All expected counts ≥
5
1. Size and the store at are both categorical
2. Assumed representative
3. Counts are all above 5
Conditions metx2 distribution x2 test for homogeneity
x2 Test for Homogeneity
x2= 34.74p= 2.8596x10-8
df= 2We reject the Ho because the p-value of
2.8596x10-8 is less that alpha=.05.We have sufficient evidence that the
distribution of sizes ordered at Cold Stone and Maggie Moo’s is not equal.
...5.11)5.116(
5.6)5.61(
expexp)( 222
2
obs
x2 Test for IndependenceHypotheses
◦Gender and preference are independent of each other
◦Gender and preference are dependent on each other
First attribute (categorical): Preference
Second attribute (categorical): Gender
RowSummary
Column Summary
Preference
maggie moo's
Preference
cold stone
female
maleGender
19 (18.6) 17 (17.4)
12 (12.4) 12 (11.6)
31 29
36
24
60
x2 Test for IndependenceState Check
1. Categorical Data2. SRS3. All expected counts ≥
5
1. Gender and preference are categorical
2. Assumed representative
3. Counts are all above 5
Conditions metx2 distribution x2 test for independence
x2 Test for Independence
x2= .04449p= .83df= 1We fail to reject the Ho because the p-value
of .83 is greater than alpha=.05.We have sufficient evidence that gender and
preference for Cold Stone and Maggie Moo’s are dependent variables.
...4.17)4.1717(
6.18)6.1819(
expexp)( 222
2
obs
Conclusions from Testsχ2 GOF test for variety of flavors
◦Observed distribution of flavors does not fit the expected distribution of flavors
χ2 test of homogeneity to compare size◦Distribution of sizes ordered at Cold Stone
and Maggie Moo’s is not equalχ2 test of independence for gender vs.
store preferred◦Gender and preference for Cold Stone and
Maggie Moo’s are dependent variables
Bias and ErrorUndercoverage
◦Only surveyed 4 stores in the area; other areas may be different
Time of day/ year◦Different times of day would get
different responsesNumber of toppings
◦Large numbers of toppings affect price
Personal Opinions and ConclusionsPreference for store was basically
evenly distributed between subjects◦Preference broken down by gender
was also even Project took a lot of time and
effort◦More time would have allowed for
better data collection