i school 2008 talk notes
DESCRIPTION
The slide stack I work from during my February 2008 iSchool session.TRANSCRIPT
Web 2.0, a new wave of teaching, and learning
February2008
UC Berkeley School of Information
Plan of the talk1. Pieces of
Web 2.02. Pedagogies
and publics3. Storytelling4. Policies,
fears, and the great divide
(Vermont trees and sky, winter 2008)
Thematics
• Emergence in
time and space
• Pedagogy• Open
determinism
(“Sorpdragon,” Voicethread 2007)
One problem
How does academia apprehend emerging technologies?
•Panic/siege mode•Vendors•Futurism methods•Networks
One odd metaphor
Web 2.0 and education is like gaming and education: awareness is challenging
• Huge, financially and quantitatively successful worlds
• Global and rapidly developing scope• Bad anxieties, policies, and media
coverage• Perceived lack of seriousness
Five responses
Web 2.0 and education is like gaming and education: intersections are happening
• Take advantage of preexisting projects and services
• Mod/warp/hack • DIY• Literacy: new media• Influence
(World of Warcraft)
Too much information?
• Early modern era
• Gutenberg + religious struggle
• Glossators (Franciscus Accursius, Denis Godefroi)
• Then the Geneva Bible
Another response: consider antecedents
Another response to overload
• Cyclopedia (Ephraim Chambers, 1728)
• Encyclopedie (1751-1772)
(Another precursor, lacking the technology: Isidore of Seville, Etymologiae, 636)
Another response to overload
• Cyclopedia (Ephraim Chambers, 1728)
• Encyclopedie (1751-1772)
The term’s history: Tim O’Reilly, 2005
• Expands “social software”
• Draws on Web history
I. Web 2.0Microcontent, rather than sites or large documents
(NITLE blog Liberal Education Today, http://b2e.nitle.org)
I. Web 2.0
Multiply authored microcontent
Open content and/or services and/or standards…
(Pepysblog, 2003-)
…leading to networked conversations
(Pepysblog, 2003-)
O’Reilly: Web 2.0 is a platform for development
• Open APIs• Access to data• Virtue of the lazyweb
(http://www.hurricanearchive.org/, Center for History and New Media,George Mason University)
• Programming staff• Perceived recognition
Perpetual beta (O’Reilly, now history)
Web 2.0 components, movements• Collaborative writing platforms: the
wiki way
Web 2.0 components, movements• Consider the most notorious/famous
-Viégas, Wattenberg, Dave (Historyflow, IBM, 2004)
Wikis are (often) textually productive
Web 2.0 components, movements• collaborative writing platforms: the
blogosphere
Addressable content chunks…
…leading to distributed and/or attached conversations
(Radio Open Source blog/podcast)
“Technorati is now tracking over 70 million weblogs, and we're seeing about 120,000 new weblogs being created worldwide each day. That's about 1.4 blogs created every second of every day.”
(David Sifry,April 2007)
State of the blogosphere, more• Diversity: diaries, public
intellectuals, carnivals, knitters, moblogs, warblogs home and abroad…
• 12 people million using three platforms, including LiveJournal: majority women (Anil Dash, MeshForum 2006)
NIH guidelines, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.section.61024
Web 2.0 components, movements: social photos
Reach of Flickr• 26 million
searchable, shareable images in Flickr (December 2006)
• Global, not national
• Metadata is good enough
• Gaming inspiration
(Ben Harris-Roxas, 2006)
Social news:• Memeorandu
m, Tailrank, Digg, TechMeme
• Google News
Web 2.0 and rich media
Web 2.0 influences rich media,
or social media• Podcasting
Web 2.0 and rich media
Web 2.0 influences rich media,
or social media• Podcasting
(Orson Wells, hero to podcasters everywhere)
How old is the term?
How old is the term?
“… all the ingredients are there for a new boom in amateur radio.
But what to call it? Audioblogging? Podcasting? GuerillaMedia?”
(Ben Hammersley, The GuardianFebruary 12, 2004)
How old is the term? “… all the ingredients are there for a new boom in amateur radio.
But what to call it? Audioblogging? Podcasting? GuerillaMedia?”
(Ben Hammersley, The GuardianFebruary 12, 2004)
What’s happened since “podcasting” in 2004? Neologisms:
• godcasting• nanocasting
• podfading• podsafe• podspamming• podvertising• porncasting
Web 2.0 influences rich media: video
(Gootube? Suetube?)
Web 2.0 influences rich media: video
(Gootube? Suetube?)
Videoblogging(vlog? vog?)
(Ask a Ninja; Rocketboom; Howard Rheingold)
Social object: the person
• FaceBook• MySpace• LinkedIn• ZoomInfo• CyWorld…
“Less than four years after its launch, 15 million
people, or almost a third of the country's population,
are members.” (BusinessWeek, September 2005)
(Le Monde, 2008)
Social organization of information, new forms: folksonomy
• Search• Retrieval• Self-
awareness
http://del.icio.us/
for DoctorNemo
Community surfacing
• Ontology
• Concepts • Collaborative research
Tagging museums: the Steve project
• Users tag differently than professionals
• Curators get it
(Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2004)
Folksonomic libraries: PennTags
• Coded locally
• Collection awareness
• Also tags the open web
(http://tags.library.upenn.edu/ )
Extrapolating principles: Ton Zylstra on the social object:
“In general you could say that both Flickr and del.icio.us work in a triangle: person, picture/ bookmark, and tag(s). Or more abstract a person, an object of sociality, and some descriptor...”
(Zylstra in Second Life, 2007)
“…In every triangle there always needs to be a person and an object of sociality. The third point of the triangle is free to define[,] as it were.”
-http://www.zylstra.org, 2006(emphases added)
(“Online Communities”, XKCD, April 2007 )…
For academia, this can seem a bit overwhelming
(“Online Communities”, XKCD, April 2007 )
Already out of date
For academia, this can seem a bit overwhelming
Pedagogies and publications
Teaching with Web 2.0: it’s not all new - Web 1.0, internet pedagogies• Hypertext• Web audience• Discussion fora • Collaborative document authoring• Groupware
Teaching with Web 2.0: it’s not all new
Earlier pedagogies• Journaling• Media literacy
Teaching with Web 2.0: principles
http://smarthistory.blogspot.com/
Distributed conversation
Collaborative writing
Object-oriented discussion
Connectivism (G. Siemens, 2004)
Wiki pedagogies• Collective
research• Group writing• Document
editing• Information
literacy• Discussion• Knowledge
accretion(Romantic Audiences project
Bowdoin College, 2005-present
• Discussion• Knowledge
accretion
Social object pedagogies
• Prompts• Discussion
object• Compositio
n materials
More social object pedagogies• Annotate details• Remix (“Make it mine”) Edugadget
http://www.edugadget.com/2005/05/07/flickr-creative-commons
Teaching with Web 2.0: “net.gen”:“Fully half of all teens and 57 percent of
teens who use the Internet could be considered Content Creators, according to a survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project.”
http://www.pewtrusts.com/pdf/PIP_Teens_1105.pdf
“[S]tudents… write words on paper, yes— but… also compose words and images and create audio files on Web logs (blogs), in word processors, with video editors and Web editors and in e-mail and on presentation software and in instant messaging and on listservs and on bulletin boards—and no doubt in whatever genre will emerge in the next ten minutes.
Note that no one is making anyone do any of this writing.”
Kathleen Blake Yancey, "Made Not Only in Words: Composition in a New Key." CCC 56.2 (2004):297-328.Emphasis added.
RSS pedagogies• Pushing student-
created content (mother blog, Feed to Javascript)
(Bloglines)
• Shaping Web reading• Web 2.0 wrangling
Academic open archives for social media
Freesound archive
•DIY copyright•Social networking values•University of Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona)
(http://freesound.iua.upf.edu/)
Podcasts and teaching: profcasting
• Bryn Mawr College: Michelle Francl, chemistry
• Duke: “Classroom recording”
• Learning objects: Gardner Campbell, University of Richmond
• Duke: “Course content dissemination”
• Information literacy
Student program podcasting on campus
• War News Radio (Swarthmore College)
•PEPI courses (University of British Columbia, department of Land and Food Resources)
Media to enhance other media
• Podcast + pdfs: Allegheny College, Gothcast
Podcasts and research• Public intellectual
– Out of the Past– Engines of Our
Ingenuity – In Our Time– University
Channel– The Missing Link
New forms of scholarly communication
CommentPress implementation, Institute for the Future of the BooksMcKenzie Wark, Eugene Lang College
More bookblogging
Still more bookblogging
Siva Vaidhyanathan, University of Virginia
Combining Web 2.0 forms• Podcasting• Blogging• Digital storytelling• Web-based photography• YouTube• Video mashups
Middlebury College, Jason Mittell and Barbara Ganley
• Blend teaching with research
• BG now involved in rural community media
Web 2.0 problems: privacy• Contrary to class safe space
(Gary Kornblith, Oberlin College)• Culture of too much disclosure• Problem increasing archivally• Copyright?
Some responses• Can block comments and/or
readers• Teachable moment: what is
privacy in 2007?• Complement other practices• Create academic networks
Support strategies
Local hosting • Campus identity• Stability• Integration into
other services• Preservation• Time
Offshore hosting• Third party
identity• Stability• Integration into
their other services
• Preservation• Different time
Add ubicomp
All of Web 2.0, just more so• Ambient• Accelerating • Annotating
http://www.phonebashing.com/
(Found on BBC site, June 2005)
Except for American unilateralism
Pedagogies: new forms
(John Schott, Carleton College, 2006)
Pedagogies: new forms
University of Umea, 2004
Challenges• Platform profusion• Walled gardens• Network limitations• Student privacy• Faculty/staff privacy• Copyright poaching
(Blackbelt Jones,November 2007;
Open Handset Alliance)
Virtual worlds as social software
Pedagogy: team and community formation
• “Emotional bandwidth” (Linden Labs)
• Social presence• Self-expression
Second Life scene,Bryan Zelmanov
Pedagogy: good old virtual reality
• Visualization• Collaborative
objects
Metaverse;Croquet, UBC
Challenges• Walled gardens• Material
limitations• Cultural anxieties
• Preservation• Privacy• Research 101
(Brazil)
III. Web 2.0 Storytelling
Lonelygirl15• One YouTube• Another YouTube• Myspace• Blogs• Discussion frenzy• Media attention
(2006-)
Alternate reality games (ARGs)
• Permeability of game boundary (space and time)
• Focus on distributed, collaborative cognition
• Increased ephemerality
(Perplex City, 2003-2006;Silver Ladder, 2007-)
Political ARGs
(World Without Oil, May 2007)
ARG pedagogy• Creation for
constructivism• Information
literacy• Object of study
(Trinity University library, 2007-; University of North
Texas, 2007-)
Flickr and storytelling
• Tell a story in 5 frames group
“Gender Miscommunication”, Nightingai1e, 2006
“Gender Miscommunication” (Nightingai1e, 2006)
Social photo stories
Or remix social media into narratives
Example: "Food to Farm", Eli the Bearded (2008)
• Library of Congress collections
Social photo stories
Social photo stories
Social photo stories
Flickr, Tell A Story in Five Frames group (http://www.flickr.com/groups/visualstory/)
Example: "Food to Farm", Eli the Bearded (2008)
Social photo stories
Example: "Food to Farm", Eli the Bearded (2008)
Social photo stories
Pedagogies:• Remix• Archive work• Social
presentation• Visual
literacy
(http://www.flickr.com/groups/visualstory/discuss/72157603786255599/;http://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/ )
Social workshopping
In the Tell a story in 5 frames group, 'Alone With The Sand' , moliere1331 (2005)
Folksonomizing stories: ManyEyes Project
IV. Policies, fears, and the great divide
(Valdis Krebs, 2004)
(Blackboard)
•Huge market share•Copyright•Privacy
Familiarity•Classroom•Other online environments
C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children’s Health, May 2007
CMSes approach Web 2.0
Scholar.com, from Blackboard Beyond
Keeping up
NITLE workshop tag cloud, 2008
National Institute for Technology and Liberal
Education(NITLE) http://nitle.org
Liberal Education Today blog http://b2e.nitle.org