i real risk - jimelwood.netjimelwood.net/students/grips/debate/unit4gmfood.pdf · case calbee food...
TRANSCRIPT
I Unit 4
Real Risk
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CD Do you know what kinds of food are genetically modified? . ® When you buy food, do you care if it contains genetically modified foods? If you
(
do, why?
24 Unit4
Case
Calbee Food Co. recalls Jagariko in 2001
I n June 2001, Calbee Food Co. announced a recall of its popular Jagariko
products produced before June 7 in the same year. This is because a genetically
modified variety of potato which was not yet approved in Japan was discovered in the
ingredients of two varieties of the potato snack-cheese flavored and lightly salted.
The snacks in question had been produced at Calbee's plant in Shiga Prefecture in the
previous month, and distributed in the Kinki region.
The Shiga prefectural government ordered the plant to recall about 260,000
problematic packages, but the company decided to voluntarily recall all the Jagariko
products. According to Calbee, the company used imported frozen potatoes containing
the New Leaf Plus from the US and Canada, a genetically modified potato which
produces its own insecticide. It had been approved in the two countries, but was
still under examination for its safety for use in Japan at that time. The safety was
confirmed after tests were completed in 2003.
I Notes I 0 approve ~~DJ""t ~ 0 in question p,~leO)
Vocabulary Check _t0)~)(~~3'Ui-, Q)"'"'@O)ffl~fiO)~PJJc Vl"'~'~;bL.,~ ':tO)~ a"' f J:JJi~HYtd:~~ '0 CD the act of looking at or considering something very carefully
@ a chemical used for killing pests
@ one of the foods that are used to make a particular dish
@) to send goods to sl).ops and businesses
® to state or show that something is definitely true or correct •·
® willingly, without being forced
a. connrm
d. ingredient
b. distribute
e. insecticide
c. examination
f. voluntarily
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Real Risk or Great Technology? 25
Real Risk or Great Technology?
Read On The pros and cons ofGMfoods
~~'7?.77~~0li-- Q.>C:Q)rp,~mt:~.:t~~(, '0
Genetically modified (GM) foods are those
produced from genetically altered crops. GM crops
are commonly made by adding desirable genes to
their genome to increase their <D resistance to pests or
diseases, or production of extra nutrients. Currently,
there are several GM crops used as food sources · z.,-.,.,,....-""~~
including soybeans, corn, canola, and cotton seed ........=. ............ -........___~ A corn farm in the U.S.
oil. In most cases, they are processed and used as
ingredients in food. As of 2012, GM crops were commercially® cultivated in 28 countries
including the U.S. with the biggest cropping acreage, followed by Brazil. ...... ... • ..... ...... ... ............ ..... ..... ... ... .. .. ... .... ... .... ........... . . [ Notes I 0 genome 'f / b 0 canol a 1J /-5 0 cotton seed oil ~~5rn 0 cropping acreage f'Ff1lmfft
Exercise 1 l'*:ll~CD®C:t~ t£~t;~~~~9¥~!~ a-d J::~J~V:~~t, '0 CD a. ability b. immunity c . opposition d. sensitivity
@ a. developed b. encouraged c. raised d. sold
One advantage of GM crops is a higher yield. Pest-resistant crops are less damaged
by insects, and herbicide-resistant ones can grow even where pesticides are heavily
used. Other advantages of GM crops are reduced production costs and environmental
friendliness. The introduction of these crops reduces the amount of pesticide and
herbicide needed, which saves money and labor and contributes to environmental
protection. Moreover, nutrient-enriched crops could alleviate food shortage problems in
needy countries. GM crops adapted to harsh environments such as drought can be one
solution to the problem of world hunger.
[ Notes 1 0 yield l&~:fil 0 herbicide llfit]j[~J 0 pesticide ~!:H~J • llfit]j[~IJ 0 nutrient-enriched *~5tlift ~nt.: 0 alleviate t¥519t9 ~ 0 drought -Tiel:'"?
Exercise 2 ~~Q)p;J3t:.g-?~2l!ttt:ta: T ~- ~t>~t, ''tQ)ta: F ~-~Att~~t, '0 CD GM crops are environmentally friendly because they need fewer chemicals. ( )
I
® GM crops have the potential to help solve some global problems. ( )
26 Unit 4
One of the concerns about GM foods is their safety. So far, no harmful effects from
eating GM foods have been reported, but their long-term effects on the human body are
unknown. There is also a risk of negatively affecting the ecosystem. Mass-production of
GM crops may decrease the genetic diversity of plants, which makes them vulnerable to
certain diseases. Another concern is that a few biotechnology companies may dominate
food production through the control of the seeds of GM plants they have developed. In
most cases, farmers have to purchase costly seeds every year because they are protected
as intellectual properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [ Notes 1 0 mass-production ::k:ill:~!M 0 genetic diversity ii!fE~~.mtt
0 intellectual property ~O~M!M
Exercise 3 ~)(O)pg~,~~?~2l!1H~t;t T ~- ~t.>fc!:l. \t,O)t;J: F ~-~AttfcJ:~l, '0 CD Quite a few cases of the negative influence of GM foods on people have been reported.
( ) @ Farmers can continuously use seeds of GM crops once they have bought GM seeds
from biotechnology companies. ( )
Different countries have different stances on GM foods\ The U.S., the biggest
CD advocate of GM foods, allows the commercial cultivation of mor~ than 120 GM crops
as food, and does not require labeling of GM foods. On the other hand, the majority
of EU countries have a negative stance toward GM crops. Only one type of GM corn
is being cultivated and food must carry a label indicating the presence of GM crops.
There is a vague sense of ® distrust toward GM foods in Japan, where GM crops are
not commercially cultivated and labeling is required by law.
[ Notes I 0 labeling 5"'\Jvf\t~t 0 indicate the presence of ... ···O}i'¥f:E~m9 0 vague ~?!.\c L.J.:
CD a. assistant
@ a. awareness
b. practitioner
b. confidence
c. promoter
c. suspicion
d. support
d. responsibility
Real Risk or Great Technology? 27
Real Risk or Great Technology?
Listen to Model Opinions Should GM foods be promoted? C liifi~T-~Jl~;tj{~ ~;l:flll~n.Q-"' ~ t.J)) t: -:Jl, , -r_ .L.~l' 4 J,.(J)
t7Jv::tl::'=::t:---a:oo~ , ~rtl-a:ttd.>~~l, '0
I'm in favor of GM foods. One of the main reasons
for supporting them is that they will probably help
the problem of food ------------- ------------because they can produce high yields of crops.
Carlos from Brazil
I think we should promote GM foods. Thanks to GM
technology, farmers can produce food more reliably and
. It doesn't make sense not to take -------------of it. -------------
Kazu from Japan
Michell from the U.S.
I have doubts about the safety of GM foods. They may
pose great health risks to the human body and the
. They are too new for us to -------------their safety. -------------
I don't think so. One negative consequence of the of GM foods is a wider gap between -------------
rich and poor farmers~ Rich farmers can afford
------------- GM seeds while poor farmers may end up deep in debt.
Emma from Britain
28 Unit 4
Useful Expressions
1. One of the main reasons for- is.. . ....__90.:ttJ:J!HE80)Gt-:>~i · ··C'J)0
One of the main reasons for cultivating GM crops is that they raise yields.
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2. thanks to... .. · O);jo iJ, ~f'C'
Thanks to GM technology, many starving and malnourished people in developing
countries might be saved in the future.
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3. One negative consequence of- is... .-...-iJ~tt.:G97-1'-t.AOJ*a*O)'Ot-:>~i .. ·C'J)0
One negative consequence of mass-production of GM foods is the loss of genetic
diver.sity.
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Discussion -
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I [ D titivtk /0 do~t thivtk] t/tutt GM foods skou.ld be- prowu;td bUQI/Me-
..
Real Risk or Great Technology? 29