I-MODE

I-MODE History

i-mode creator, Takeshi Natsuno. I -mode was launched in Japan on 22 february 1999 by the mobile operator NTT DOCOMO. i-MODE is available only in Japan – Europe.

Further Developments:

Dec. 1999 i-mode compatible handsets with color screens were marketed

Jan. 2001 i-appli service launched Jul. 2001 i-area service launched

i-mode creator:

What is I-MODE?

i-MODE, is developed by a single company, NTT DoCoMo . It follows a different approach to enable users

to access IP-based services through their wireless device.

As i-MODE is based on packet data transmission technology, a device using this technology is constantly online. Users ``are charged only for how much information they retrieve, not how many minutes they are using it for.'

I-MODE Users:

dominates other network operators.(eg .kddi network which use wap)

ntt docomo decides its own formats.. ie.,e-mail,web access and picture exchange… Most popular in Japan with 28 million users

subscribed to it & is still growing at the rate of 45,000 subscribers per day.

Access to more than 66,000 internet sites as well as specialized services like email, e-banking, e-shopping etc.

i-mode protocol

Packet PDC-P) Personal Digital Cellular-Packet

i-mode provides Internet service using Personal Digital Cellular-Packet (PDC-P) and a subset of HTML 3.0 for content description.

i-mode allows application/content providers to distribute software (Java applets) to cellular phones and also allows users to download applets (e.g., games)

the communication and is carried over TCP/IP for the wired part of

the communication.

Transmission speed is 9.6 Kbps

E-mail limited to 250 characters

I-MODE Protocols Services

ARQ: special service transport layer protocol with stop-and-go control.

Tcp/ip: within the operator’s network and operator’s gateway and a content provider…ie.,(within different layer1 and layer

http: known as www.imode application to display web pages , e-mail services which is a compact html(chtml).

why i-mode hit the target? i-mode was a big hit in japan y not wap????

Simple to use…

As a pc replacement for e-mail chatting etc.

Because of attractive color display images…(gif format)

For attractive purpose subset of html ie., chtml used….

POPULARITY OF I-MODE IN JAPAN

Popularity of i-mode in japan is due to the following reason.

i-mode service is used by 30% of japanese population more than 10 times each day to check e-mail ,book tickets for trains

or theatre ,check the whether ,internet banking and for variety of rich uses.

Japanese people adopt technologies mainly for their

convenience ,which is what the i-mode offers.

Difference between wap and i-mode?

one big difference: i-mode packet oriented bearer.. Wap started with connection oriented

bearer(gsm). in i-mode,Stack is used for sending an sms

indicating new e-mail is arrived…. Wap had to either permanantly open to

support interactive web browsing… It was a draw back takes long

time,expensive.. i-mode includes images, animated images and color . WAP implementations only use text and no images.

i-mode related services

i-appli: i-mode with Java: This service group consists of software (programs)

used with i-mode compatible mobile phone terminals.

Downloading the software makes it possible automatically update the news and weather forecast displays as well as to play new games.

i-area: Location Based Service: This is DOCOMO's location information service. The i-

area service enables the user to check the weather forecast, traffic and store information and other convenient information for local areas as well as the map information to the user's current location.

I-mode’s Contribution

Entertainment – Character Download, Horoscope/Fortune Telling, download ring tones, FM club event , Karoke/Hit Song info.

Information - News Updates, Weather Forecasts, Sports News, Stock Quotes, Business / Technology News, Town Information, Horse Racing Information, etc

Database Access - Directory Search, Restaurant Guide, Dictionary Service, Cooking Recipes, etc

Transactions - Money Transfer / Balance Check, Security Trading, Airline reservation / Seat Availability, Credit card Information Sales, etc.

Advantages vs disadvantages Advantages: Sites based on HTML (cHTML)

60% of world’s wireless internet users

Usually used over packet switched connections

Services user-oriented, fun-oriented.

Disadvantages: Small display size

Spotty coverage (tunnels, near buildings)

Low bandwidth (wireless)

i-MODE is insufficient for videos and large images, it is mainly appropriate for email and simple graphics

I-MODE Applications:

I-MODE MENU

I-MODE MOTION MAILS

Applications:

different views of menu

Applications:

I –mode pictogram.

I-mode chat mail

Applications:

I-MODE decorated mail

I-MODE calendar

Applications:

I-mode shot mailI-MODE browser

Applications:

JUNK E-MAILS

I-MODE disadvantages:

Mini browser

Spotty coverage

i-mode vs wap

Subset of html

Subset of xml

i-mode website:

Countries that use I-MODE : i-mode was launched in the following countries: Australia, (Telstra) Belgium (Base) Bulgaria (Globul) France (Bouygues Télécom (company)) Germany (E-Plus) Greece (Cosmote) Hong Kong (3) Israel (Cellcom) Ireland (O2) Italy (Wind) Netherlands (KPN) Russia (MTS) Romania (Cosmote Romania) Singapore (StarHub) Spain (Telefónica) Taiwan (Far East Tone) UK .

ANDSOON

WILL BE WORLD

WIDE……

I-MODE DEVICES:

Some typical features include the "clamshell" model with large displays (240x320 pixels) and in many models, a display on either side. Additionally the phones have many extra features, e.g. a megapixel digital camera. The displays normally have 65,536 colors but the newest models have as many as 262,144 colors.

FOMA SA800i[2] LG KE390i LG L343i LG L852i (PRADA)[3] Mitsubishi M342i Motorola RAZR V3xx with i-mode Motorola SLVR L7 i-mode Motorola SLVR L6 i-mode NEC N22i NEC N343i[4] NEC 411i[5] Nokia N70 i-mode Nokia N95i[6] Nokia 6120 classic Nokia 6124 classic Samsung S400i[7] Samsung S500i[8] Samsung Z320i[9] Sony Ericsson K550im[10] Sony Ericsson K610im[11] Fujitsu F905i (one of the very few Japanese i-mode phones to be sold outside Japan)

Conclusion:

i-mode phones are very good features,in future,using i-mode phones we can always connect internet

Even i-mode's creator, Takeshi Natsuno, has stated "I believe the iPhone (a phone that uses the traditional TCP/IP model) is closer to the mobile phone of the future, compared with the latest Japanese mobile phones.

Latest report:

at last:

SyncML

WHAT IS SYNCML?

A set of protocols and a mark up language for synchronisation of data in mobile sceanrios provided by the Syncml framework..

Supported by companies like nokia,openware,panasonic,starfish.

Vendor independent mechanisms for the administration of devices and applications

standard synchronisation

Simplifies application designs and usage of synchronisation mechanisms.

Agents:Sync server agents:Sync client agents:Server also as a Sync engine

Synchronisation:

Synchronisation run over http,wsp also on smtp,tcp/ip..

Syncml do not make any assumption data..

Each data has a unique identifier..Clients and servers map to the

individual identifiers…Servers knows the mappping

details…

Types of synchronisation:

Two way synchronisation:

Exchange change logs between server and client…

Example:A client crashed and has a lost all

information a special slow synchronisation is used..

What is slow synchronisation?

First transfers all data from the client to server.

Server then compares all data and sends the necessary changes back to client…

One way synchronisation:

One party is interested:Either client or server..Messages exchanged based on xml.Tags used:<add>,<copy>,<delete>,<replace><atomic>: Either all changes or no changes

occur. If a conflict occurs the data is roll

back…