hypothesis testing testing outlandish claims. learning objectives be able to state the null and...
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Hypothesis Testing
Testing Outlandish Claims
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Learning Objectives
• Be able to state the null and alternative hypotheses for both one-tailed and two-tailed tests
• Differentiate between a significance level and a probability level
• State the five steps involved in hypothesis testing
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Big Idea to Remember
Don’t mess this idea up!!!!!!!!• We Reject• We Fail to Reject
• We never Accept anything.
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Key Definitions• Hypothesis
o a statement that something is true
• Null Hypothesiso A hypothesis to be tested. o Denoted H0 (“H sub-zero” or “H-naught”)o MUST HAVE A STATEMENT OF EQUALITY
• Alternative Hypothesiso To be considered as an alternative to the H0
o Denoted HA or H1
o What you are trying to prove is trueo MUST HAVE A STATEMENT OF INEQUALITY
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Types of Statistical Tests
• Left Tailed• Right Tailed• Two-Tailed
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Setting up a Test1. Identify the claim.2. From the claim, Identify the H0 and
the HA.
3. Identify the type of test (Left, Right, Two-Tailed), also figure out Rejection Zone Boundary (use for large Samples and for Small Samples).
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Calculations for the Test
4. Calculate your adjusted z-value using
(for Large Samples) (for Small Samples)
5. Interpret your results and write a conclusion.
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Written Example• Claim: This coin is NOT FAIR.• The claim states that • Since is a statement of inequality, it
will be the .• Therefore, the must be • What kind of test will this test be?
o Left-Tailedo Right-Tailedo Two-Tailed
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• Claim: This die is NOT FAIR.• The claim states that • Since is a statement of inequality, it
will be the .• Therefore, the must be • What kind of test will this test be?
o Left-Tailedo Right-Tailedo Two-Tailed
Another Example
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Another Example• Claim: The average height of all boys is 6
feet or taller.• The claim states that • Since is a statement of equality (you know,
the ‘or equal to’), it will be the .• Therefore, the will be .
• What kind of test will this test be?o Left-Tailedo Right-Tailedo Two-Tailed
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Another Example• Claim: The average height of all girls is less
than 5 feet.• The claim states that • Since is a statement of inequality (you know,
it’s missing the ‘or equal to’), it will be the .• Therefore, the will be .
• What kind of test will this test be?o Left-Tailedo Right-Tailedo Two-Tailed
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Which direction?• For two-tailed tests, it’s easy.
• One-tailed tests, it’s a bit tougher.o The tail of the test is the direction of the .•
• This test would be a right-tailed test.
•
• This test would be a left-tailed test.