hydrogen as fuel: zero emission mobility, available …...in h2 mobility, two utilization profiles...

Hydrogen as fuel:

Zero emission mobility,

available today

Linde, Hydrogen mobility solutions

Munich, June 2018

Topics.

01 H2 molecule – a game changer in the mobility market

02 H2 value chain & technologies by Linde

03 H2 mobility - Linde activities & project approach

Mass suitability of electric driving thanks to hydrogen.

The hydrogen molecule will be a game changer in the mobility market.

The hydrogen molecule The potential of hydrogen mobility

Benefits of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV)

Zero emission tank–to-wheel

Current ranges: 500 - 600 km

Refuelling time: 3 – 4 min

Silent driving like battery electric vehicles (BEV)

With renewable hydrogen: near zero emission well-to-wheel

Emission targets in major markets* Hyundai ix35 FCEV

Start of production: Feb. 2013

Toyota „Mirai“ FCEV

Start of production: Dec. 2014

Honda FCEV “Clarity”

Start of production: 2016

In H2 mobility, two utilization profiles emerging.

Back-to-base applications with potential for attractive business case already today.

Back-to-base Network

Buses, urban delivery trucks, intralogistics vehicles, taxis, car

fleets with regular routes & H2 refueling at a fix depot (base)

+ Upfront investment in infrastructure

limited to one (few) H2 station(s) at

central depot

+ High utilization and predictable H2

demand allowing for economically

attractive business cases

+ Strongly positive impact on urban

environment (local emission free,

noise reduction) already with first

project

Vehicle availability and costs

Network of H2 refueling stations for seamless mobility for

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) passenger cars

+ In case of technology break-through

(successful customer value proposition),

high growth potential

High upfront investment in

infrastructure necessary, with low

utilization rates initially (business

case challenge)

Strong & continuous buy-in from

multiple players required (OEMs,

infrastructure & utility providers,

authorities)

4

Topics.




Highest competence and experience by Linde.

Linde is pioneer for H2 as fuel along the whole H2 supply chain.

6

Pioneering activities Linde’s as leading H2 as fuel and energy carrier

Efficient & reliable supply of H2 for emission free mobility applications

Broad portfolio of effective & easy-to-use technology solutions for H2 production,

distribution and fueling; fitting to specific customer needs and local requirements

Linde with three decades of experience

and strong commitment for the future

• 1989: First H2 fueling station (for R&D

activities of automakers); strong R&D

partnering w. passenger cars and bus OEMs

(standards, tank systems, etc.)

• 2002: Founding member of CEP, a

consortium for deployment and roll-out of H2

based mobility

• 2004: Opening of 1st public H2 fueling

station (700bar) in Germany; H2 bus

fueling station in 2006; steady buildup

globally

• 2015: Foundation of H2 Mobility JV

• 2017: Consortium w. Alstom for 1st H2

fueled train operations globally

Linde covers the full hydrogen value chain.

From production to fuelling operations and infrastructure.

7

H2 Production &

Storage

Treatment &

Distribution

H2 Fuelling

Stations

Conventional

(e.g. Steam

Methane Reformer)

Renewable

(e.g. central

electrolysis

systems) On-site Electrolysis

(decentral)

Ionic compressor

Cryopump

LH2

Liquid Hydrogen

CGH2

Compressed Gaseous

Hydrogen

Linde committed to

Increase efficiency along

the overall H2 value chain

Provide options for

utmost CO2 footprint

reduction

Provide the optimal

solution well-to-wheel

for H2 supply, based on

customer requirements

and local circumstances

H2 Operations

Out of one hand

Reliable

operations of H2

supply and fuelling

equipment to a

range of mobility

applications

Topics.




Linde with expertise based on a multitude of different H2 mobility projects.

H2 supply, H2 equipment and related services as core offerings.

9

Mob

ilit

yIn

du

stry

& E

nerg

y

Backup power Advanced applications

BussesPassenger cars Maritime & AviationTrains

Material handling

100+ H2 stations delivered, more than 80,000 fueling cycles achieved

10+ H2 stations delivered, more than 25,000 fueling cycles achieved

10+ H2 stations delivered, more than 1,000,000 fuelingcycles achieved

More than 10 units

delivered

2 stations to ferry and submarines

Supply of pilotprojects

Multiple projectsimplemented

Portable power

Early market intro-duction

Economic advantages

Tendering for six projects ongoing (in Germany)

10

Bus projects: Feasibility studies & pilot projects.

Linde is proud to be partner and technology supplier in important projects.

• Large scale infrastructure feasbibility/

engineering studies

• 13 locations with 40–260 FCBuses each

• FCBus and refuelling station demo

project at 9 locations

• 56 FCBuses and 9 refuelling stations

• Large public combined

FCEV/FCBus station

• Cryopump technology

• Combined FCEV/FCBus

station & on-site production

• Ionic compressor system

• UK‘s largest H2 production

and bus refuelling station


• Combined FCEV/FCBus

station & on-site production


Shell, Berlin

AC Transit, SFO Bay

Vattenfall, Hamburg

BOC/Linde, Aberdeen

Reference project: H2 mobility, busses and passenger cars.

Shell, Berlin, Germany.

11

— Start of operation: Q2/2011

— Dispensing lines: 1x 70 MPa PV 1x 35 MPa Bus

— Technology: 2x Cryo Pump

— Main user: BVG and CEP fleet

— Capacity of 1,000 PV per day1

— Matches conventional fueling station requirements

— Largest FCEV fueling station in the world

Key features

1 Capacity of 120 kg/hr. per pump and 5 kg per vehicle

Reference project: H2 mobility, busses.

ACHES, Aberdeen, Scotland.

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— Start of operation: Q1/2015

— Dispensing lines: 2x 35 MPa Bus

— Technology: 2x Ionic Compressor IC90

— Main user: First Group and Stagecoach (UK’s two largest

bus operators)

— Integration of renewable H2 production (production

capacity of up to 360 kg/day)

— Europe’s largest demonstration of hydrogen fuel cell buses

Key features

13

Linde Technology for Future Fleet Applications.

Aberdeen: Full scale FCBus depot with on-site production.

Station technology

General Information

• Result of NewBusFuel engineering study.

• Combined hydrogen production and bus refuelling

station, designed to supply hydrogen to 120 FCBuses

from ~2025.

• Linde‘s ionic compressor technology (IC90).

• New 55 MPa constant pressure storage with significant

footprint reduction compared to cascade filling system.

• On-site H2 production via Linde‘s Hydroprime SMR.

Reference project: Power-to-gas.

Energiepark Mainz, Germany (1/2).

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Key Facts:

Connected to a wind-farm (8 MW)

6.3 MW peak electrolyser stacks (each 2.1 MW)

800 kg storage (25 MWh)

200 tons target annual output from 2017 onwards

Injection in local gas grid and multi-use trailer-filling

Budget: total 17 m€, funding: ~50% (BMWi)

Objectives:

Local grid integration by storing fluctuating renewable power

Provision of ancillary services in the electricity grid (including

negative control reserve)

Testing and further development of megawatt class PEM

electrolysis

Intelligent and efficient hydrogen conditioning, storage and

handling, smart management structure

Research of effects of the increased hydrogen concentrations

in the gas grid and end devices

Public relations and public acceptance

FCEV network infrastructure roll-out initiatives in realization.

Upfront infrastructure investment necessary; further roll-out in case of car ramp-up.

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~ 50 fuel stations ~ 100 fuel stations ~ 400 fuel stations

2016:

R&D

2018:

Market preparation

2023:

Market readiness

= ++ + + ++

Example Germany: Action plan for the construction of a hydrogen refueling network in Germany by 2023

Thank you for your attention.

hydrogen as fuel: zero emission mobility, available …...in h2 mobility, two utilization profiles...

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