Hydrocarbons

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1.Housekeeping

• Rules, Door, Attention signal

2.March 20 -21: Stoichiometry Exam

• Your classwork is homework if not finished

• Work can be checked ANY day/time

• Double check your work!

Title Page

#

Book learning 67

Molar mass

& mass to moles

68

Stoichiometry #1 69

Stoichiometry #2 70

Stoichiometry #3 71

Endo/exo

hydrocarbons

72

Endo/exo IP 73

Steps 6 & 7: Final Requirements for the

Research Paper

•DUE 27th by 5pmNo late submissions will be accepted

Definitions and symbols

1. Potential energy (PE): the energy stored in a substance (measured in kJ)

2. PE reactants: Potential energy of the reactants

3. PE products: Potential energy of the products

4. Activation Energy (Ea): Energy needed to make the reaction begin

5. Heat of reaction (∆H): PE products - PE reactants

Exothermic Reactions: Endothermic Reactions:

-Exo means out; Heat is

released

-Endo means in; heat is

absorbed

-Equations can be written as

heat as the product

-Equations can be written as

heat as the reactant

-Examples: Condensing,

freezing, burning, &

exploding

-Examples: boiling &

melting

In an exothermic reaction, the products have less energy than the reactants

In an endothermic reaction, the products have more energy than the reactants

The Heating Curve of Water

∆ H = PE products – PE reactants

Activation Energy

(Energy needed

to make the rxn go)

PE products

∆H = heat of reaction

PE reactants

1. PE reactants?

2. PE Products?

3. Ea forward ?

4. Find ∆Hrxn?

A

B

40 kJ

20 kJ

100 kJ – 40 kJ = 60 kJ

20 kJ – 40 kJ = -20 kJ

Combustion reaction

Definition

•Combustion Reaction – occurs when a hydrocarbon (compound made up of hydrogen and carbons) reacts with oxygen

•Usually produces Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)

C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

propane oxygen carbon dioxide water

reactants products

• Valence electrons: These

are the number of electrons

an atom has on their outer

shell

• Remember each group

(column) shares the same #

of valence electrons

Review-Valence Electrons. Commit this to memory now.

• This is a quick way to depict how many valence electrons atom(s) have

• Examples of Lewis Dot Structures:

Review- Lewis Dot Structure

Organic Chemistry

A branch of chemistry that deals

with the composition, structure

and properties of organic

(living) compounds.

Definitions

Hydrocarbon – a compound containing

ONLY Hydrogen and Carbon.

Organic Chemistry

Hydrocarbons are named based on the

number of Carbons they contain.

Formula for CALCULATING hydrocarbons

(#Carbons X 2) + 2 =

#Hydrogens

Organic Chemistry

Methane CH4

Ethane C2H6

Propane C3H8

Organic Chemistry

Butane C4H10

Pentane C5H12

Hexane C6H14

Organic Chemistry

Heptane C7H16

Octane C8H18

Nonane C9H20

Decane C10H22

Organic Chemistry

Me Eat Peanut Butter

Methane, Ethane, Propane,

Butane…then use regular

prefixes