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8/2/2019 Hydraulic Fracturing Proposed Rule on Federal and Indian land by the Bureau of Land Management, Department of

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@( W|kfè Edjjlhy W{deli|{lu

@n pd| qùc yd edjjlhy& pd| jbp u|kj`y pd|{ edjjlhyu kp bhp dhl dn ul~l{bf jlycdiu? Jb`f?

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2( Ycdul u|wwd{yli kp r|bhy`yby`~l `hnd{jby`dh d{ uy|i`lu= bhi

;( Ycdul ycby `hef|il e`yby`dhu yd& bhi bhbfpulu dn& ycl bwwfèbkfl fbqu bhi {la|fby`dhu(

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a|b{bhyll ycby ql q`ff kl bkfl yd id ud(

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w{di|el{u yd `he{lbul ycl ~df|jlu dn d`f bhi hby|{bf abu ycby ebh kl lsy{beyli n{dj qlffu(

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n{dj ucbfl abu d{ d`f nd{jby`dhu( \hy`f r|`yl {lelhyfp& ucbfl nd{jby`dhu {b{lfp w{di|eli d`f d{

abu `h edjjl{e`bf r|bhy`y`lu kleb|ul ucbfl idlu hdy alhl{bffp alhl{byl nfdq dn cpi{deb{kdhu yd

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|uli `h cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha ù |u|bffp beedjwbh`li kp w{dwwbhyu& u|ec bu wb{yèflu dn ubhi& ycby

b{l eb{{`li `hyd ycl hlqfp n{bey|{li {dem bhi clfw mllw ycl n{bey|{lu dwlh dhel ycl w{luu|{l n{dj

ycl n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dh ù {lflbuli( Ycl w{dwwbhy*n`ffli n{bey|{lu kledjl edhi|`yu nd{ nf|ì

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u|{nbel( @h bii`y`dh yd ycl qbyl{ bhi ubhi #qcèc ydalycl{ ypwèbffp jbml |w 03 yd 00 wl{elhy dn

ycl jbyl{`bfu w|jwli `hyd b qlff i|{`ha b n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dh& ecljèbf bii`y`~lu b{l bfud

n{lr|lhyfp |uli( Yclul ecljèbfu ebh ul{~l jbhp n|hey`dhu `h cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha& `hef|i`ha

f`j`y`ha ycl a{dqyc dn kbeyl{`b bhi w{l~lhy`ha ed{{du`dh dn ycl qlff ebu`ha( Ycl lsbey

nd{j|fby`dh dn ycl ecljèbfu |uli ~b{`lu ilwlhi`ha dh ycl {dem nd{jby`dhu& ycl qlff& bhi ycl

{lr|`{ljlhyu dn ycl dwl{byd{(

Ycl KFJ luy`jbylu ycby bkd|y 07 wl{elhy #bww{ds`jbylfp 5&977 qlffu wl{ plb{ dn qlffu e|{{lhyfp

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ycl wbuy 27 plb{u& ycl{l cb~l kllh uàh`nèbhy ylechdfdaèbf bi~bhelu `h cd{`zdhybf i{`ff`ha& qcèc

ù n{lr|lhyfp edjk`hli q`yc cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha( Ycù edjk`hby`dh& ydalycl{ q`yc ycl iùed~l{p

ycby yclul ylech`r|lu ebh {lflbul uàh`nèbhy r|bhy`y`lu dn d`f bhi abu n{dj fb{al ucbfl ilwdu`yu&

cbu fli yd w{di|ey`dh n{dj aldfdaè nd{jby`dhu `h wb{yu dn ycl ed|hy{p ycby w{l~`d|ufp iì hdy

w{di|el uàh`nèbhy d`f d{ abu( Ycl {lu|fy`ha lswbhu`dh dn d`f bhi abu i{`ff`ha hyd hlq wb{yu dn


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ycl ed|hy{p bu b {lu|fy dn ycl b~b`fbk`f`yp dn hlq cd{`zdhybf i{`ff`ha ylechdfda`lu cbu uàh`nèbhyfp

`he{lbuli w|kfè bqb{lhluu dn cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha bhi ycl wdylhy`bf `jwbeyu ycby `y jbp cb~l dh

qbyl{ r|bf`yp bhi qbyl{ edhu|jwy`dh(

Ycl KFJu lsùy`ha cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha {la|fby`dhu b{l nd|hi by 95 EN[ 52>;(5*;( Yclul

{la|fby`dhu ql{l luybkfùcli `h 203; bhi fbuy {l~ùli `h 2033& fdha klnd{l ycl fbyluy cpi{b|fè

n{bey|{`ha ylechdfda`lu klebjl qìlfp |uli( @h {luwdhul yd w|kfè hyl{luy `h cpi{b|fè

n{bey|{`ha bhi `h ycl KFJu {la|fby`dh dn cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha& `h wb{yè|fb{& ycl Ilwb{yjlhy dn

ycl @hyl{`d{ #Ilwb{yjlhy clfi b nd{|j dh cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha dh Hd~ljkl{ 57& ;727 `h

Qbuc`haydh& IE& byylhili kp ycl Ule{lyb{p dn ycl @hyl{`d{ bhi jd{l ycbh 257 `hyl{luyli wb{y`lu(

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bkd|y qbyl{ r|bf`yp& qbyl{ edhu|jwy`dh& bhi b ilu`{l nd{ `jw{d~li lh~`{dhjlhybf ubnla|b{iu nd{

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iùefdu|{l dn ycl ecljèbfu |uli `h cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu dh Nlil{bf bhi @hi`bh fbhiu(

B{d|hi ycl y`jl dn ycl KFJu nd{|ju& by ycl W{luìlhyu i`{ley`dh& ycl Ule{lyb{p dn Lhl{apu

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n{bey|{`ha ùu|lu( Ycl U|kedjj`yyll jly q`yc hi|uy{p& ul{~èl w{d~ìl{u& uybyl bhi Nlil{bf

{la|fbyd{u& bebiljèu& lh~`{dhjlhybf a{d|wu& bhi jbhp dycl{u uybmlcdfil{u( @h`y`bf

{ledjjlhiby`dhu ql{l ùu|li kp ycl U|kedjj`yyll dh B|a|uy 23& ;722( Bjdha dycl{ yc`hau&

ycl {lwd{y {ledjjlhili ycby jd{l `hnd{jby`dh kl w{d~ìli yd ycl w|kfè& `hef|i`ha iùefdu|{l dn

ycl ecljèbfu |uli `h n{bey|{`ha nf|ìu( Ycl U|kedjj`yyll bfud {ledjjlhili ycl bidwy`dh dn


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by ycl KFJu w|kfè nd{|ju bhi ycl {ledjjlhiby`dhu dn ycl U|kedjj`yyll& ycl KFJ ù

w{dwdu`ha yd jbml e{`yèbf `jw{d~ljlhyu yd yu {la|fby`dhu nd{ cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha( Ycl

w{dwduli {la|fby`dhu qd|fi kl bwwf`li yd bff qlffu bij`hùyl{li kp ycl KFJ& `hef|i`ha ycdul dh

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Y{`kbf edhu|fyby`dh ù b e{`yèbf wb{y dn ycù lnnd{y& bhi ycl Ilwb{yjlhy ù edjj`yyli yd jbm`ha

u|{l y{`kbf flbil{u wfbp b uàh`nèbhy {dfl bu ql qd{m ydalycl{ yd il~lfdw {lud|{elu dh w|kfè bhi

@hi`bh fbhiu `h b ubnl bhi {luwdhu`kfl qbp( Ycl KFJ cbu `h`y byli ad~l{hjlhy*yd*ad~l{hjlhy

edhu|fyby`dh q`yc y{`klu dh ycù w{dwdubf bhi cbu dnnl{li yd cdfi ndffdq*|w edhu|fyby`dh jlly`hau

q`yc bhp y{`kl ycby ilu`{lu yd cb~l bh `hi`~ì|bf jlly`ha( Ycl KFJ clfi nd|{ y{`kbf edhu|fyby`dh

jlly`hau& yd qcèc d~l{ 21< y{`kbf lhy`y`lu ql{l `h~`yli( Yclul `h`y`bf edhu|fyby`dhu ql{l clfi `h

Y|fub& Dmfbcdjb dh Obh|b{p 27& ;72;= `h K`ff`hau& Jdhybhb dh Obh|b{p 2;& ;72;= `h Ubfy Fbml
http://www.shalegas.energy.gov/http://www.shalegas.energy.gov/


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E`yp& \ybc dh Obh|b{p 21& ;72;= bhi `h Nb{j`haydh& Hlq Jlsèd dh Obh|b{p 20& ;72;( Làcyp*

dhl y{`kbf jljkl{u {lw{lulhy`ha ;1 y{ klu byylhili ycl jlly`hau( @h yclul uluu`dhu& y{`kbf

{lw{lulhyby`~lu ql{l a`~lh b iùe|uu`dh i{bny dn ycl cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha {|fl yd ul{~l bu b kbuù

nd{ u|kuybhy`~l i`bfda|l bkd|y ycl cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha {|fljbm`ha w{deluu( Ycl KFJ bumli ycl

y{`kbf flbil{u nd{ ycl`{ ~`lqu dh cdq b cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha {|fl w{dwdubf jàcy bnnley @hi`bh

bey`~`y`lu& w{beyèlu& d{ klf`lnu `n `y ql{l yd kl bwwf`li yd wb{yè|fb{ fdeby`dhu dh @hi`bh bhi w|kfè

fbhiu( B ~b{`lyp dn ùu|lu ql{l iùe|uuli& `hef|i`ha bwwfèbk`f`yp dn y{`kbf fbqu& ~bfìby`ha qbyl{

ud|{elu& `huwley`dh bhi lhnd{eljlhy& qlffkd{l `hyla{`yp& bhi qbyl{ jbhbaljlhy& bjdha dycl{u(

Bii`y`dhbf `hi`~ì|bf edhu|fyby`dhu q`yc y{`kbf {lw{lulhyby`~lu cb~l ybmlh wfbel u`hel ycby y`jl(

Dhl dn ycl d|yedjlu dn yclul jlly`hau ù ycl w{dwduli {lr|`{ljlhy `h ycù {|fl ycby dwl{byd{u

el{y`np ycby dwl{by`dhu dh y{`kbf fbhiu edjwfp q`yc y{`kbf fbqu(

Ycl KFJ cbu kllh bhi q`ff edhy`h|l yd kl w{dbey`~l bkd|y y{`kbf edhu|fyby`dh |hil{ ycl

Ilwb{yjlhyu hlqfp*nd{jbf`zli Y{`kbf Edhu|fyby`dh Wdfèp& qcèc ljwcbu`zlu y{|uy& {luwley bhi

ucb{li {luwdhu`k`f`yp `h w{d~ì`ha y{`kbf ad~l{hjlhyu bh lswbhili {dfl `h `hnd{j`ha Nlil{bf

wdfèp ycby `jwbeyu @hi`bh fbhiu( Ycl KFJ q`ff edhy`h|l yd edhu|fy q`yc y{`kbf flbil{u

yc{d|acd|y ycl {|fljbm`ha w{deluu( [luwdhulu n{dj y{`kbf {lw{lulhyby`~lu q`ff `hnd{j ycl

balhepu bey`dhu `h iln`h`ha ycl uedwl dn beelwybkfl cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha {|fl dwy`dhu( Y{`kbf

ad~l{hjlhyu& y{`kbf jljkl{u& bhi `hi`~ì|bf Hby`~l Bjl{èbhu b{l bfud `h~`yli yd edjjlhy

i`{leyfp dh ycù w{dwduli {|fl yc{d|ac ycl w{deluu ilue{`kli `h ycl W|kfè Edjjlhy W{deli|{lu

uley`dh dn ycù ide|jlhy(

D~l{ ycl wbuy nlq plb{u& `h {luwdhul yd uy{dha w|kfè `hyl{luy& ul~l{bf uybylu`hef|i`ha Edfd{bid&

Qpdj`ha& B{mbhubu& bhi Ylsbucb~l u|kuybhy`bffp {l~ùli ycl`{ uybyl {la|fby`dhu {lfbyli yd

cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha( Dhl dn ycl KFJu mlp adbfu `h |wiby`ha yu {la|fby`dhu dh cpi{b|fè


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n{bey|{`ha ù yd edjwfljlhy yclul uybyl lnnd{yu kp w{d~ì`ha b edhuùylhy uybhib{i be{duu bff

w|kfè bhi @hi`bh fbhiu( Ycl KFJ ù bfud bey`~lfp qd{m`ha yd j`h`j`zl bhp i|wfèby`dh klyqllh

ycl {lwd{y`ha {lr|`{li nd{ uybyl {la|fby`dhu bhi nd{ ycù {la|fby`dh bhi yd jbml {lwd{yli

`hnd{jby`dh edhuùylhy bhi lbu`fp beeluu`kfl yd ycl w|kfè( Nd{ `huybhel& ycl KFJ ù qd{m`ha

efdulfp q`yc ycl A{d|hi Qbyl{ W{dyley`dh Ed|he`f bhi ycl @hyl{uybyl D`f bhi Abu Edjjùu`dh `h

bh lnnd{y yd `hyla{byl ycl iùefdu|{l ebffli nd{ `h ycù {|fl q`yc ycl lsùy`ha qlku`yl mhdqh bu

N{beNde|u( Ycl N{beNde|u(d{a qlku`yl ù bf{lbip qlff luybkfùcli bhi |uli kp jbhp uybylu(

Ycù dhf`hl ibybkbul `hef|ilu `hnd{jby`dh n{dj d`f bhi abu qlffu `h {d|acfp 2; uybylu bhi

`hef|ilu `hnd{jby`dh n{dj d~l{ ;7> edjwbh`lu( Ycl KFJ |hil{uybhiu ycby ycl ibybkbul ù `h ycl

w{deluu dn kl`ha `jw{d~li bhi q`ff `h ycl hlb{ n|y|{l cb~l lhcbheli ulb{ec ebwbk`f`y`lu bhi

bffdq nd{ lbu`l{ {lwd{y`ha dn `hnd{jby`dh(

Ycl KFJ {ledah`zlu ycl lnnd{yu dn uybylu yd {la|fbyl cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha bhi ù nde|uli dh

edd{i`hby`ha efdulfp q`yc `hi`~ì|bf uybyl ad~l{hjlhyu yd b~dì i|wfèby`~l {la|fbyd{p

{lr|`{ljlhyu( Ycl balhep cbu b fdha cùyd{p dn qd{m`ha eddwl{by`~lfp q`yc uybyl {la|fbyd{u bhi

ycl KFJ dnylh lhyl{u `hyd jljd{bhi|ju dn |hil{uybhi`ha d{ luybkfùclu qd{m`ha a{d|wu yd

edd{i`hbyl uybyl bhi Nlil{bf bey`~`y`lu& u|ec bu ycl d`f bhi abu qd{m`ha a{d|wu ycby e|{{lhyfp lsùy

`h jbhp dn d|{ d`f bhi abu uybylu( Ycl KFJ ù bwwfp`ha ycl ubjl bww{dbec yd ycù lnnd{y bhi q`ff

qd{m efdulfp q`yc `hi`~ì|bf uybylu dh ycl `jwfljlhyby`dh dn ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dh( Ycl

KFJu `hylhy ù yd lhed|{bal lnnè`lhep `h ycl edffley`dh dn ibyb bhi ycl {lwd{y`ha dn

`hnd{jby`dh( Ycl KFJ {d|y`hlfp ucb{lu `hnd{jby`dh dh d`f bhi abu dwl{by`dhu q`yc uybyl

{la|fbyd{p b|ycd{`y`lu bhi ycl KFJ q`ff edhy`h|l yd qd{m q`yc `hi`~ì|bf uybylu yd lhu|{l ycby

i|wfèby`dh dn lnnd{yu ù b~dìli yd ycl lsylhy wduu`kfl( U`hel ycl KFJ ù fddm`ha nd{ bff

dwwd{y|h`y`lu yd b~dì i|wfèby`dh dn ycl edffley`dh dn ibyb bhi ycl {lwd{y`ha dn `hnd{jby`dh& ql


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b{l uwle`nèbffp bum`ha nd{ w|kfè edjjlhy dh cdq kluy yd b~dì i|wfèby`dh dn {lr|`{ljlhyu

|hil{ ycù w{dwduli {|fl q`yc lsùy`ha uybyl {lr|`{ljlhyu(

Ycl KFJ bemhdqflialu ycby udjl uybylu bf{lbip cb~l `h wfbel {|flu bhi {la|fby`dhu ycby bii{luu

cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha bhi ycby yclul {|flu jbp kl l`ycl{ jd{l d{ fluu uy{`halhy ycbh ycl w{d~ù`dhu

`h ycù w{dwdubf( @h mllw`ha q`yc fdhauybhi`ha w{beyèl bhi edhuùylhy q`yc {lfl~bhy uyby|yd{p

b|ycd{`y`lu& `y ù ycl `hylhy`dh dn ycl KFJ yd `jwfljlhy dh w|kfè fbhiu qcècl~l{ {|flu& uybyl d{

Nlil{bf& b{l jduy w{dyley`~l dn Nlil{bf fbhiu bhi {lud|{elu bhi ycl lh~`{dhjlhy(

@@@( Iùe|uu`dh dn ycl W{dwduli [|fl

Ycl KFJ w{dwdulu yd {l~ùl `yu cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha {la|fby`dhu& nd|hi by 95 EN[ 52>;(5*;& bhi

bii`ha b hlq uley`dh 52>;(5*5( Lsùy`ha uley`dh 52>;(5*5 qd|fi kl {lyb`hli bhi {lh|jkl{li(

Ycl Nlil{bf Fbhi Wdfèp bhi Jbhbaljlhy Bey #NFWJB i`{leyu ycl KFJ yd jbhbal ycl w|kfè

fbhiu ud bu yd w{l~lhy |hhleluub{p d{ |hi|l ila{biby`dh& bhi yd jbhbal fbhiu |u`ha ycl

w{`he`wflu dn j|fy`wfl |ul bhi u|uyb`hli p`lfi( NFWJB ilefb{lu j|fy`wfl |ul yd jlbh& bjdha

dycl{ yc`hau& b edjk`hby`dh dn kbfbheli bhi i`~l{ul {lud|{el |ulu ycby ybmlu `hyd beed|hy fdha*

yl{j hlliu dn n|y|{l alhl{by`dhu nd{ {lhlqbkfl bhi hdh*{lhlqbkfl {lud|{elu( NFWJB bfud

{lr|`{lu ycby ycl w|kfè fbhiu kl jbhbali `h b jbhhl{ ycby q`ff w{dyley ycl r|bf`yp dn ycl`{

{lud|{elu& `hef|i`ha ledfdaèbf& lh~`{dhjlhybf& bhi qbyl{ {lud|{elu( Ycl J`hl{bf Flbu`ha Bey

bhi ycl J`hl{bf Flbu`ha Bey nd{ Ber|`{li Fbhiu b|ycd{`zl ycl Ule{lyb{p yd flbul Nlil{bf d`f bhi

abu {lud|{elu& bhi yd {la|fbyl d`f bhi abu dwl{by`dhu dh ycdul flbulu& `hef|i`ha u|{nbel*iùy|{k`ha

bey`~`y`lu( Ycl @hi`bh J`hl{bf Flbu`ha Bey buuàhu {la|fbyd{p b|ycd{`yp yd ycl Ule{lyb{p d~l{

@hi`bh d`f bhi abu flbulu dh y{|uy fbhiu #lselwy ycdul lsef|ili kp uyby|yl( Bu uylqb{iu dn ycl

w|kfè fbhiu& bhi bu ycl Ule{lyb{pu {la|fbyd{ nd{ d`f bhi abu flbulu dh @hi`bh fbhiu& ycl KFJ cbu


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l~bf|byli ycl `he{lbuli |ul dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh w{beyèlu d~l{ ycl fbuy ilebil bhi ilyl{j`hli ycby

ycl lsùy`ha {|flu nd{ qlff uy`j|fby`dh {lr|`{l |wiby`ha(

Ycl e|{{lhy {la|fby`dhu jbml b iùy`hey`dh klyqllh {d|y`hl n{bey|{l odku bhi hdh{d|y`hl n{bey|{l

odku( Cdql~l{& ycl yl{ju {d|y`hl bhi hdh{d|y`hl b{l hdy iln`hli `h 95 EN[ 52>;(5*; d{

bhpqcl{l lful `h KFJ {la|fby`dhu& jbm`ha ycù iùy`hey`dh n|hey`dhbffp i`nnè|fy yd bwwfp bhi

edhn|u`ha nd{ kdyc ycl balhep bhi ycdul byyljwy`ha yd edjwfp q`yc ycl {la|fby`dhu( Bu

w{l~`d|ufp uybyli& ycl {la|fby`dhu b{l hdq 57 plb{u dfi bhi hlli yd kl |wibyli yd mllw wbel q`yc

ycl jbhp ecbhalu `h ylechdfdap bhi e|{{lhy kluy jbhbaljlhy w{beyèlu( Bu iùe|uuli `h ycl

kbema{d|hi uley`dh dn ycù ide|jlhy& ycl `he{lbuli |ul dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu d~l{ ycl fbuy

ilebil cbu bfud alhl{byli edhel{hu bjdha ycl w|kfè bkd|y qlff uy`j|fby`dh bhi bkd|y ycl

ecljèbfu |uli `h cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha( Ycl w{dwduli {|fl ù hylhili yd `he{lbul y{bhuwb{lhep

nd{ ycl w|kfè {lab{i`ha ycl nf|ìu |uli `h ycl cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha w{deluu& `h bii`y`dh yd

w{d~ì`ha buu|{bhelu ycby qlff kd{l `hyla{`yp ù jb`hyb`hli yc{d|acd|y ycl n{bey|{`ha w{deluu bhi

ycby ycl nf|ìu ycby nfdq kbem yd ycl u|{nbel n{dj cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu b{l w{dwl{fp

uyd{li bhi iùwduli dn d{ y{lbyli(

Ycl ndffdq`ha ecb{y lswfb`hu ycl jbod{ ecbhalu klyqllh ycl lsùy`ha {la|fby`dh#u bhi ycl

w{dwduli {la|fby`dh#u(

Lsùy`ha [la|fby`dh W{dwduli [la|fby`dh U|kuybhy`~l ecbhalu

95 EN[ 52>7(7*7(7*;(5*;#b

U|kulr|lhy Qlff

Dwl{by`dhu

Ycù w{dwdubf qd|fi {ljd~l ycl wc{bul

wl{nd{j`ha hdh{d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha odku(

95 EN[ 52>;(5*;#k

U|kulr|lhy Qlff

Dwl{by`dhu

95 EN[ 52>;(5*;#k

U|kulr|lhy Qlff

Dwl{by`dhu

Ycù w{dwdubf qd|fi {ljd~l ycl wc{bul

{d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha d{ beì`z`ha odku& d{ ( (

(

Hd lsùy`ha {la|fby`dh 95 EN[ 52>;(5*5#b

yc{d|ac #o

Ycù w{dwdubf qd|fi bii w{d~ù`dhu

bii{luu`ha qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu&

qd|fi {lr|`{l iùefdu|{l dn qlff

uy`j|fby`dh nf|ìu& bhi qd|fi {lr|`{l

bww{d~bf dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu(

Ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi bfud {lr|`{l ycby

jlecbhèbf `hyla{`yp yluyu kl edhi|eyli

klnd{l qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu b{l

edhi|eyli bhi qd|fi {lr|`{l n|ff {lwd{y`ha

dn ycl {lu|fyu dn ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh

bey`~`yp q`yc`h yc`{yp ibpu dn `yu


16/81

2>

edjwfly`dh( Ycù w{dwdubf qd|fi bfud bii

b uley`dh bffdq`ha ycl b|ycd{`zli dnnèl{ yd

a{bhy b ~b{`bhel yd uwle`nè edhi`y`dhu dn

yclul {|flu `n ycl dwl{byd{ ebh iljdhuy{byl

ycby bfyl{hby`~l w{deli|{lu qd|fi jlly d{

lselli ycl `hylhy dn ycl j`h`j|j

uybhib{iu `h ycù {|fl( Ycù ~b{`bhel

fbha|bal ù edhuùylhy q`yc ycby nd|hi `h

ycl KFJu D`f bhi Abu Dhucd{l D{il{u(

95 EN[ 52>;(;(7(7*7(7*5 yd `hef|il NFWJB(

Uley`dh 527 dn NFWJB b|ycd{`zlu ycl Ule{lyb{p dn ycl @hyl{`d{ yd w{dj|fabyl {la|fby`dhu yd eb{{p

d|y ycl w|{wdulu dn NFWJB bhi dycl{ fbqu bwwfèbkfl yd ycl w|kfè fbhiu( Ull 95 \(U(E( 2197(

Ycù bjlhijlhy qd|fi hdy kl b jbod{ ecbhal bhi qd|fi cb~l hd lnnley dh fluullu& dwl{byd{u& d{

ycl w|kfè(


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21

Ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi {ljd~l ycl yl{ju hdh{d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha odku& {d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha

odku& bhi beì`z`ha odku n{dj 95 EN[ 52>;(5*;#b bhi 95 EN[ 52>;(5*;#k( @y qd|fi bii b

hlq uley`dh& 95 EN[ 52>;(5*5& nd{ qlff uy`j|fby dh bey`~`y`lu( @h ycl w{dwduli {|fl& ycl{l qd|fi

kl hd iùy`hey`dh i{bqh klyqllh qcby qbu w{l~`d|ufp edhuìl{li hdh{d|y`hl d{ {d|y`hl qlff

uy`j|fby`dhu( W{`d{ bww{d~bf qd|fi kl {lr|`{li nd{ qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu& alhl{bffp `h

edhhley`dh q`yc ycl w{`d{ bww{d~bf w{deluu ycby bf{lbip ù `h wfbel nd{ alhl{bf qlff i{`ff`ha

bey`~`y`lu yc{d|ac ycl Bwwfèby`dh nd{ Wl{j`y yd I{`ff #BWI w{deluu( Dwl{byd{u bfud q`ff kl

{lr|`{li yd u|kj`y eljlhy kdhi fdau klnd{l n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu kla`h( Ycl {|hh`ha dn eljlhy

kdhi fdau dh u|{nbel ebu`ha& qcèc ù e|{{lhyfp bh dwy`dhbf w{beyèl& qd|fi hdq kl {lr|`{li nd{

hlq qlffu( Lsùy`ha qlffu qd|fi {lr|`{l jlecbhèbf `hyla{ yp yluy`ha w{`d{ yd cpi{b|fè

n{bey|{`ha(

Ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi `hef|il u`s hlq iln`h`y`dhu nd{ ylechèbf yl{ju |uli `h ycl w{dwduli

{|fl( Yclul iln`h`y`dhu q`ff `jw{d~l {lbibk`f`yp bhi efb{`yp dn ycl {la|fby`dhu(

Ycl w{dwduli {|fl `hylhiu yd bii ycl ndffdq`ha iln`h`y`dhu?

Bhh|f|u jlbhu ycl uwbel b{d|hi b w`wl `h b qlffkd{l& ycl d|yl{ qbff dn qcèc jbp kl yclqbff dn l`ycl{ ycl kd{lcdfl d{ ycl ebu`ha= udjly`jlu bfud ebffli ycl bhh|fb{ uwbel(

K{bilhclbi jlbhu b clb~p& nfbhali uyllf n`yy`ha edhhleyli yd ycl n`{uy uy{`ha dn ebu`haycbybffdqu u|uwlhu`dh dn `hyl{jli`byl bhi w{di|ey`dh uy{`hau dn ebu`ha& bhi u|wwf`lu ycl

jlbhu nd{ ycl bhh|f|u yd kl ulbfli dnn(


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23

W{dwwbhy jlbhu b a{bh|fb{ u|kuybhel #jduy edjjdhfp ubhi& u`hyl{li kb|s`yl& d{ el{bjèycby ù eb{{`li `h u|uwlhu`dh kp ycl n{bey|{`ha nf|ì bhi ycby ul{~lu yd mllw ycl e{bemu dwlh

qclh n{bey|{`ha nf|ì ù q`yci{bqh bnyl{ b cpi{b|fè n{bey|{l y{lbyjlhy(

Uy`j|fby`dh nf|ì jlbhu ycl f`r|ì d{ abu& bhi bhp beedjwbhp`ha udfìu& |uli i|{`ha by{lbyjlhy dn d`f bhi abu qlffu& u|ec bu ycl qbyl{& ecljèbfu& bhi w{dwwbhyu |uli `h

cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha(

\ubkfl qbyl{ jlbhu qbyl{ edhyb`h`ha |w yd 27&777 wwj dn ydybf iùudf~li udfìu( Qlff uy`j|fby`dh jlbhu ycdul bey`~`y`lu edhi|eyli `h bh `hi`~ì|bf qlff kd{l iluàhli yd

`he{lbul ycl nfdq dn cpi{deb{kdhu n{dj ycl {dem nd{jby`dh yd ycl qlff kd{l kp jdi`np`ha

ycl wl{jlbk`f`yp dn ycl {lul{~d`{ {dem( Lsbjwflu dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu b{l

beì`z`ha bhi cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha(

Ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi ilflyl ycl iln`h`y`dh dn n{luc qbyl{( Ycl KFJ cbu jb`hyb`hli b

iln`h`y`dh dn n{luc qbyl{ h `yu d`f bhi abu dwl{by`ha {la|fby`dhu u`hel 2033( Cdql~l{& `h `yu

dhucd{l d{il{u& ycl KFJ cbu ud|acy yd w{dyley bff |ubkfl qbyl{u i|{`ha i{`ff`ha dwl{by`dhu& hdy

o|uy n{luc qbyl{( Ycù iùy`hey`dh cbu fli yd edhn|u`dh `h ycl {la|fby`dhu( \ubkfl qbyl{ `hef|ilu

n{luc qbyl{ bhi qbyl{ ycby ù dn fdql{ r|bf`yp ycbh n{luc qbyl{( Ycl KFJ `hylhiu yd kl jd{l

w{dyley`~l qclh `y ullmu yd w{dyley bff |ubkfl qbyl{ i|{`ha i{`ff`ha dwl{by`dhu& hdy o|uy n{luc

qbyl{( Ycl{lnd{l& ycl KFJ w{dwdulu yd ilflyl ycl iln h`y`dh dn n{luc qbyl{(

[l~ùli uley`dh 52>;(5*;#b qd|fi {ljd~l ycl wc{bul wl{nd{j hdh{d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha odku n{dj

ycl e|{{lhy 95 EN[ 52>;(5*;#b( Ycl wc{bul {d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha odku d{ beì`z`ha odku& d{ qd|fi

bfud kl {ljd~li n{dj lsùy`ha uley`dh 52>;(5*;#k( Qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey ~`y`lu qd|fi kl

bii{luuli |hil{ ycl hlq w{dwduli 95 EN[ 52>;(5*5(


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W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#b qd|fi jbml `y eflb{ ycby ycù uley`dh bwwf`lu dhfp yd qlff

uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu bhi ycby bff dycl{ `holey`dh bey`~`y`lu j|uy edjwfp q`yc uley`dh 52>;(5*;(

Ycù fbha|bal ù hleluub{p yd jbml ycl iùy`hey`dh klyqllh qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu bhi dycl{

qlff `holey`dh bey`~`y`lu& u|ec bu uledhib{p bhi yl{y`b{p {led~l{p dwl{by`dhu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#k qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl KFJu bww{d~bf dn bff qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`yp(

Nd{ hlq qlffu& ycl dwl{byd{ cbu ycl dwy`dh dn bwwfp`ha nd{ ycl KFJu bww{d~bf `h `yu bwwfèby`dh

nd{ wl{j`y yd i{`ff #BWI( Nd{ qlffu wl{j`yyli w{`d{ yd ycl lnnley`~l ibyl dn ycù uley`dh d{ nd{

qlffu wl{j`yyli bnyl{ ycl lnnley`~l ibyl dn ycù uley`dh& ycl dwl{byd{ qd|fi u|kj`y b U|hi{p

Hdyèl bhi [lwd{y dh Qlffu #Nd{j 52>7*;(5*;#k ycby uybylu ycby hd w{`d{ bww{d~bf ù {lr|`{li nd{ {d|y`hl

n{bey|{`ha( Ycù {lnl{lhel `h ycl lsùy`ha uley`dh qd|fi kl ilflyli( Bfud& bh dwl{byd{ j|uy

u|kj`y b U|hi{p Hdyèl w{`d{ yd qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`yp `n ycl KFJu w{l~`d|u bww{d~bf nd{ qlff

uy`j|fby`dh ù jd{l ycbh n`~l plb{u dfi& d{ `n ycl dwl{byd{ kledjlu bqb{l dn uàh`nèbhy hlq

`hnd{jby`dh bkd|y ycl {lfl~bhy aldfdap& ycl uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh d{ ylechdfdap& d{ ycl

bhyè`wbyli `jwbeyu yd bhp {lud|{el( Ycl n`~l*plb{ wl{`di u edhuùylhy q`yc edjjdh uybyl

w{beyèlu& `hef|i`ha ycdul dn Jdhybhb& Qpdj`ha& bhi Edfd{bid& qcèc {lr|`{l ycby dwl{byd{u

{ledhn`{j qlff `hyla{`yp nd{ n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu yc{d|ac b w{luu|{l yluy l~l{p n`~l plb{u(

Ycl KFJ |hil{uybhiu ycl y`jl ulhu`y`~l hby|{l dn d`f bhi abu i{`ff`ha bhi qlff edjwfly`dh

bey`~`y`lu bhi idlu hdy bhyè`wbyl ycby ycl u|kj`yybf dn bii`y`dhbf qlff uy`j|fby`dh*{lfbyli

`hnd{jby`dh q`yc BWI bwwfèby`dhu q`ff `jwbey ycl y`j`ha dn ycl bww{d~bf dn i{`ff`ha wl{j`yu(

Ycl KFJ klf`l~lu ycby ycl bii`y`dhbf `he{ljlhybf `hnd{jby`dh ycby qd|fi kl {lr|`{li kp ycù {|fl


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qd|fi kl {l~`lqli `h edho|hey`dh q`yc ycl BWI bhi q`yc`h ycl hd{jbf BWI w{deluu`ha y`jl

n{bjl( Bfud& ycl KFJ bhyè`wbylu ycby {lr|luyu yd edhi|ey qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu dh lsùy`ha

qlffu ycby cb~l kllh `h ul{~èl jd{l ycbh n`~l plb{u q`ff kl {l~`lqli w{djwyfp( Ycl KFJ

|hil{uybhiu ycby ilfbpu `h bww{d~bfu dn dwl{by`dhu ebh kl eduyfp yd dwl{byd{u bhi ycl KFJ

`hylhiu yd b~dì ilfbpu qclhl~l{ wduu`kfl(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#2 qd|fi {lr|`{l b {lwd{y ycby `hef|ilu ycl aldfdaèbf hbjlu& b

aldfdaèbf ilue{`wy`dh& bhi ycl ilwyc dn ycl ydw bhi ycl kdyydj dn ycl nd{jby`dh `hyd qcèc qlff

uy`j|fby`dh nf|ìu qd|fi kl `holeyli( Ycl {lwd{y ù hllili ud ycby ycl KFJ jbp ilyl{j`hl ycl

w{dwl{y`lu dn ycl {dem fbpl{u bhi ycl ycèmhluu dn ycl w{di|e`ha nd{jby`dh bhi ìlhy`np ycl

edhn`h`ha {demu bkd~l bhi klfdq ycl zdhl ycby qd|fi kl uy`j|fbyli(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#; qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd u|kj`y `hnd{jby`dh `h ycl nd{j dn

b eljlhy kdhi fda& qcèc q`ff clfw ycl KFJ `h `yu lnnd{yu yd jbml u|{l ycby qbyl{ {lud|{elu b{l

w{dyleyli( B eljlhy kdhi fda ù b yddf |uli yd ab|al ycl lsylhy yd qcèc qbyl{ klb{`ha

nd{jby`dhu b{l ùdfbyli n{dj ycl ebu`ha uy{`ha( Ycl fda ù b ide|jlhy ycby {lwd{yu ycl ibyb n{dj b

w{dkl dn ycl qlffkd{l ycby |ulu udhè ylechdfdap yd ilyley abwu d{ ~dìu `h ycl eljlhy bhi ycl

ebu`ha( Ycù fda qd|fi kl |uli yd ~l{`np ycby ycl dwl{byd{ cbu ybmlh ycl hleluub{p w{leb|y`dhu yd

w{l~lhy jà{by`dh dn nf|ìu `h ycl bhh|f|u n{dj ycl n{bey|{l zdhl yd ycl |ubkfl qbyl{ cd{`zdhu(

Ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dh qd|fi bffdq nd{ ycl |ul dn dycl{ l~bf|by`dh yddfu beelwybkfl yd ycl KFJ

`h d{il{ yd bffdq ycl u|kuy`y|y`dh dn lr|bffp lnnley`~l yddfu d{ w{deli|{lu( Nd{ lsbjwfl& bh

dwl{byd{ ed|fi {lr|luy b ~b{`bhel n{dj ycl {lr|`{ljlhyu dn w{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#; ycby

`y u|kj`y eljlhy kdhi fdau yd w{d~l ycby ycl dee|{{lhelu dn |ubkfl qbyl{ cb~l kllh ùdfbyli yd


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w{dyley yclj n{dj edhybj`hby`dh( Ycl KFJ ed|fi a{bhy b ~b{`bhel yd bffdq nd{ ycl |ul dn fdau

dycl{ ycbh eljlhy kdhi fdau #l(a(& uf`j b{{bp udhè yddf& |fy{budhè `jbal{ yddf `n `y qbu ubyùn`li

ycby ycl bfyl{hby`~l fdau qd|fi jlly d{ lselli ycl dkoley`~lu dn uley`dh #e#;( Ycl KFJ

{ledah`zlu ycby ycl eljlhy kdhi fda qd|fi hdy kl b~b`fbkfl w{`d{ yd i{`ff`ha b qlff( Ycl{lnd{l&

qclh ycl dwl{byd{ ybmlu bi~bhybal dn ycl dwy`dh yd u|kj`y `yu qlff uy`j|fby`dh `hnd{jby`dh bu wb{y

dn `yu BWI& ycl eljlhy kdhi fda qd|fi kl {lr|`{li bnyl{ bww{d~bf dn ycl wl{j`y yd i{`ff bhi w{`d{

yd edjjlhe`ha qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu( Jbhp dwl{byd{u {d|y`hlfp wl{nd{j eljlhy kdhi fdau

nd{ ycl zdhlu dn `hyl{luy& ud ycl KFJ idlu hdy lswley ycù uylw yd kl b k|{ilh nd{ dwl{byd{u( Ycl

kluy b~b`fbkfl jlbhu nd{ ycl KFJ yd clfw lhu|{l ycby qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu id hdy

edhybj`hbyl br|`nl{u ù yd {lr|`{l eljlhy kdhi fdau nd{ ycl eljlhy klc`hi ycl w`wl bfdha bff

b{lbu `hyl{uley`ha |ulbkfl qbyl{& `hef|i`ha {|hh`ha eljlhy kdhi fdau dh ycl u|{nbel ebu`ha(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#5 qd|fi {lr|`{l {lwd{y`ha dn ycl jlbu|{li ilwyc yd ycl

wl{nd{by`dhu `h ycl ebu`ha bhi |hebuli cdfl `hyl{~bfu #dwlh cdfl( Ycù w{dwduli uley`dh qd|fi

bfud {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd iùefdul uwle`nè `hnd{jby`dh bkd|y ycl qbyl{ ud|{el yd kl |uli `h ycl

n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dh& `hef|i`ha ycl fdeby`dh dn ycl qbyl{ ycby qd|fi kl |uli bu ycl kbul nf|ì(

Ycl KFJ hlliu ycù `hnd{jby`dh yd ilyl{j`hl ycl `jwbeyu buude`byli q`yc dwl{by`dhu bhi ycl

hlli nd{ bhp j`yàby`dh bwwfèbkfl yd Nlil{bf bhi @hi`bh fbhiu( Ycù uley`dh qd|fi bfud {lr|`{l

ycl dwl{byd{ yd iùefdul ycl ypwl dn jbyl{`bfu #w{dwwbhyu ycby qd|fi kl `holeyli `hyd ycl n{bey|{lu

yd mllw yclj dwlh bhi ycl bhyè`wbyli w{luu|{lu yd kl |uli `h ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#9& edhuùylhy q`yc w{dyley`ha w|kfè clbfyc bhi ubnlyp bhi

w{l~lhy`ha |hhleluub{p d{ |hi|l ila{biby`dh yd ycl w|kfè fbhiu& qd|fi {lr|`{l dwl{byd{u yd


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;;

el{y`np `h q{`y`ha ycby yclp cb~l edjwf`li q`yc bff bwwfèbkfl Nlil{bf& y{`kbf& uybyl& bhi fdebf fbqu&

{|flu& bhi {la|fby`dhu wl{yb`h`ha yd w{dwduli uy`j|fby`dh nf|ìu( Ycl KFJ q`ff |ul ycù

`hnd{jby`dh yd jbml bh `hnd{jli ileù`dh dh ycl w{dwduli bey`dh( Ycù uley`dh bfud qd|fi

{lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd el{y`np ycby `y cbu edjwf`li q`yc bff hleluub{p wl{j`y bhi hdyèl

{lr|`{ljlhyu( Ycl KFJ bemhdqflialu ycby dycl{ Nlil{bf& uybyl& y{ kbf& bhi fdebf balhe`lu jbp

cb~l {la|fbyd{p {lr|`{ljlhyu ycby qd|fi bwwfp yd ecljèbf cbhif`ha& `holey`ha nf|ìu `hyd ycl

u|ku|{nbel& bhi ycl w{dyley`dh dn a{d|hiqbyl{( @y {ljb`hu ycl {luwdhu`k`f`yp dn ycl dwl{byd{ yd kl

bqb{l dn bhi edjwfp q`yc yclul {la|fbyd{p {lr|`{ljlhyu( Ycl KFJ q`ff {lfp dh ycl dwl{byd{u

el{y`nèby`dh ycby `y cbu edjwf`li q`yc bff dn ycl fbqu bhi {la|fby`dhu ycby bwwfp yd `yu dwl{by`dh(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#;(5*5#e#;(5*5#e#


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;5

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#;(5*5#e#;(5*5#e#> qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd w{d~ìl `hnd{jby`dh wl{yb`h`ha yd

ycl cbhif`ha dn {led~l{li nf|ìu ycby q`ff kl |uli nd{ ycl uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu nd{ bww{d~bf( Ycù

`hnd{jby`dh ù kl`ha {lr|luyli ud ycby ycl KFJ cbu bff hleluub{p `hnd{jby`dh {lab{i`ha

ecljèbfu kl`ha |uli `h ycl l~lhy ycby ycl `hnd{jby`dh ù hllili yd clfw w{dyley clbfyc bhi ubnlyp

d{ yd w{l~lhy |hhleluub{p d{ |hi|l ila{biby`dh dn ycl w|kfè fbhiu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#>#` qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd u|kj`y yd ycl KFJ bh luy`jbyl

dn ycl ~df|jl dn nf|ì yd kl {led~l{li i|{`ha nfdq kbem& uqbkk`ha& bhi {led~l{p n{dj

w{di|ey`dh nbe`f`yp ~luulfu( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh ù {lr|`{li yd lhu|{l ycby ycl nbe`f`y`lu hllili yd

w{deluu d{ edhyb`h ycl luy`jbyli ~df|jl dn nf|ì q`ff kl b~b`fbkfl dh fdeby`dh(


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W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#>#`` qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd u|kj`y yd ycl KFJ ycl

w{dwduli jlycdiu dn jbhba`ha ycl {led~l{li nf|ìu( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh ù hllili yd lhu|{l ycby

ycl cbhif`ha jlycdiu q`ff bilr|bylfp w{dyley dn w|kfè clbfyc bhi ubnlyp(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#>#``` qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd u|kj`y yd ycl KFJ b

ilue{`wy`dh dn ycl w{dwduli iùwdubf jlycdi dn ycl {led~l{li nf|ìu( Ycù ù e|{{lhyfp {lr|`{li

kp lsùy`ha KFJ {la|fby`dhu #`(l(& Dhucd{l D{il{ H|jkl{ 1& Iùwdubf dn W{di|eli Qbyl{& #


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;;(5*5#i qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd wl{nd{j b u|eeluun|f jlecbhèbf

`hyla{`yp yluy klnd{l kla`hh`ha qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu( Ycù {lr|`{ljlhy ù hleluub{p yd clfw

lhu|{l ycl `hyla{`yp dn ycl qlffkd{l |hil{ bhyè`wbyli jbs`j|j w{luu|{lu i|{`ha qlff

uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#i#2 qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl jlecbhèbf `hyla{`yp yluy yd lj|fbyl ycl

w{luu|{l edhi`y`dhu ycby qd|fi kl ullh `h ycl w{dwduli uy`j|fby`dh w{deluu( Ycù yluy qd|fi

ucdq ycby ycl ebu`ha ù uy{dha lhd|ac yd w{dyley qbyl{ bhi dycl{ u|ku|{nbel {lud|{elu i|{`ha qlff

uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu(

Ycl w{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#i#; qd|fi luybkfùc ycl lha`hll{`ha e{`yl{`b nd{ |u`ha b

n{bey|{`ha uy{`ha bu b ylech`r|l i|{`ha qlff uy`j|fby`dh( Ycl {lr|`{ljlhy yd kl 277 nlly klfdq

ycl eljlhy ydw qd|fi kl `jwduli yd lhu|{l ycby ycl w{di|ey`dh d{ `hyl{jli`byl ebu`ha ù

u|{{d|hili kp b edjwlylhy eljlhy uclbyc bu {lr|`{li kp Dhucd{l D{il{ H|jkl{ ;( Ycl 277


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;>

nddy {lr|`{ljlhy ù {lr|`{li kp udjl uybyl uyby|ylu #l(a(& Jdhybhb Kdb{i dn D`f bhi Abu

Edhul{~by`dh& uley`dh 5>(;;(227>& Cpi{b|fè N{bey|{`ha bhi ù b alhl{bffp beelwyli uybhib{i `h

ycl `hi|uy{p( Yluy`ha qd|fi lj|fbyl ycl w{luu|{l edhi`y`dhu ycby qd|fi kl ullh `h ycl w{dwduli

uy`j|fby`dh w{deluu `h d{il{ yd lhu|{l ycby ycl ebu`ha |uli `h ycl qlff qd|fi kl {dk|uy lhd|ac yd

cbhifl ycl w{luu|{lu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#i#5 qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl |ul dn ycl w{luu|{l yluy y`jl {lr|`{ljlhy dn

cdfi`ha w{luu|{l nd{ 57 j`h|ylu q`yc hd jd{l ycbh 27 wl{elhy w{luu|{l fduu( Ycù {lr|`{ljlhy ù

ycl ubjl uybhib{i bwwf`li `h Dhucd{l D{il{ H|jkl{ ;& I{`ff`ha& #107 Uley`dh @@@(K(c(&

yd edhn`{j ycl jlecbhèbf `hyla{ yp dn ycl ebu`ha( Ycù fbha|bal idlu hdy uly b hlq uybhib{i `h

ycl KFJu {la|fby`dhu( Ycù yluy& ydalycl{ q`yc ycl dycl{ w{dwduli {lr|`{ljlhyu& qd|fi

iljdhuy{byl `n ycl ebu`ha ù uy{dha lhd|ac yd w{dyley qbyl{ bhi dycl{ u|ku|{nbel {lud|{elu i|{`ha

qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu( Ycl KFJ klf`l~lu ycby bff dn yclul yluyu b{l `jwd{ybhy yd ucdq ycby

{lbudhbkfl w{leb|y`dhu cb~l kllh ybmlh yd lhu|{l ycl w{dyley`dh dn dycl{ {lud|{elu i|{`ha qlff

uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#l#2 qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd edhy`h|d|ufp jdh`yd{ bhi {led{i

ycl w{luu|{l#u i|{`ha ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh( Ycl w{luu|{l i|{`ha ycl uy`j|fby`dh ucd|fi

kl edhyb`hli `h ycl uy{`ha yc{d|ac qcèc ycl uy`j|fby`dh ù kl`ha w|jwli( \hlswleyli ecbhalu

`h ycl jdh`yd{li bhi {led{ili w{luu|{l#u qd|fi w{d~ìl bh lb{fp `hièby`dh dn ycl wduu`k`f`yp

ycby qlff `hyla{`yp cbu kllh edjw{djùli( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh ù hllili kp ycl KFJ yd lhu|{l ycby

qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y lu b{l edhi|eyli bu iluàhli( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh qd|fi bfud ucdq ycby

uy`j|fby`dh nf|ìu b{l ad`ha yd ycl nd{jby`dh nd{ qcèc yclp ql{l `hylhili(


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W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#l#; qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd d{bffp hdy`np ycl KFJ bu uddh bu

wduu`kfl& k|y hd fbyl{ ycbh ;9 cd|{u ndffdq`ha ycl `heìlhy& `n i|{`ha ycl uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh ycl

bhh|f|u w{luu|{l `he{lbulu kp jd{l ycbh 7*;(5*5#n qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd uyd{l {led~l{li nf|ìu `h ybhmu d{

f`hli w`yu( Ycù w{d~ù`dh a{bhyu nfls`k`f`yp nd{ ycl dwl{byd{ yd ecddul |u`ha l`ycl{ b f`hli w`y d{ b

uyd{bal ybhm& qcècl~l{ ycl dwl{byd{ ilyl{j`hlu ù ycl flbuy k|{ilhudjl d{ eduyfp dwy`dh nd{ ycl

uyd{bal dn nfdqkbem nf|ì( Ycl KFJ ù w{dwdu`ha ycù {lr|`{ljlhy kleb|ul nfdqkbem nf|ìu

ed|fi edhyb`h cpi{deb{kdhu n{dj ycl nd{jby`dh bhi ed|fi bfud edhyb`h bii`y`~lu bhi dycl{

edjwdhlhyu ycby jàcy ila{bil u|{nbel bhi a{d|hi qbyl{ `n yclp ql{l yd kl {lflbuli q`ycd|y

y{lbyjlhy( Ycù w{d~ù`dh ù edhuùylhy q`yc lsùy`ha hi|uy{p w{beyèl bhi Bjl{èbh Wly{dfl|j

@huy`y|yl #BW@ {ledjjlhiby`dhu nd{ cbhif`ha edjwfly`dh nf|ìu #`hef|i`ha cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha

nf|ìu #ull Uley`dh >(2(> dn BW@ [ledjjlhili W{beyèl


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Dhucd{l D`f bhi Abu W{di|ey`dh Dwl{by`dhu bhi Flbulu& N`{uy Li`y`dh& O|fp ;770( Uley`dh

57;#k dn ycl Nlil{bf Fbhi Wdfèp bhi Jbhbaljlhy Bey #95 \(U(E( 215;#k uybylu ycby @h

jbhba`ha ycl w|kfè fbhiu& ycl Ule{lyb{p ucbff& kp {la|fby`dh d{ dycl{qùl& ybml bhp bey`dh

hleluub{p yd w{l~lhy |hhleluub{p d{ |hi|l ila{biby`dh dn ycl w|kfè fbhiu( @h bii`y`dh& lsùy`ha

KFJ {la|fby`dhu by 95 EN[ 52>2(; {lr|`{lu ycby bff dwl{by`dhu kl edhi|eyli `h b jbhhl{ qcèc

w{dyleyu dycl{ hby|{bf {lud|{elu bhi ycl lh~`{dhjlhybf r|bf`yp( Kleb|ul ycl |ul dn f`hli w`yu d{

ybhmu nd{ ycl uyd{bal dn {led~l{li nf|ìu b{l jlycdiu ycby kluy bhi {lbudhbkfp w{dyley ycl w|kfè

fbhiu n{dj uw`ffu d{ flbmu dn {led~l{li nf|ìu& ycl KFJ klf`l~lu ycby ycù w{d~ù`dh ù `h mllw`ha

q`yc NFWJBu jbhibyl yd w{l~lhy |hhleluub{p d{ |hi|l ila{biby`dh dn ycl w|kfè fbhiu bhi ycl

KFJ {la|fby`dhu {lr|`{ljlhy yd w{dyley lh~`{dhjlhybf r|bf`yp(

Bii`y`dhbf edhi`y`dhu dn bww{d~bf nd{ ycl cbhif`ha dn nfdqkbem qbyl{ jbp kl wfbeli dh ycl

w{doley kp ycl KFJ `n hllili yd lhu|{l w{dyley`dh dn ycl lh~`{dhjlhy bhi dycl{ {lud|{elu( Ycl

KFJ uwle`nèbffp {lr|luyu edjjlhyu dh qclycl{ ycù {|fl ucd|fi `jwdul bii`y`dhbf {lr|`{ljlhyu

ycby qd|fi {lr|`{l ybhmu d{ f`hli w`yu nd{ i{`ff`ha nf|ìu bhi bhp dycl{ nf|ìu buude`byli q`yc qlff

uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu( Ycl KFJ {ledah`zlu ycl dhad`ha lnnd{yu dn uybylu yd {la|fbyl cpi{b|fè

n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu( @h `jwfljlhy`ha ycù {|fl& ycl KFJ `hylhiu yd b~dì i|wfèby`dh dn

lsùy`ha uybyl {lr|`{ljlhyu bhi q`ff edhy`h|l yd lhabal uybylu `h eddwl{by`~l lnnd{yu yd b~dì

i|wfèby`dh( Wflbul edjjlhy dh qclycl{ ycù w{dwduli w{d~ù`dh qd|fi kl i|wfèby`~l dn

w{d~ù`dhu dn uybyl {|flu bhi qclycl{ `y ù |hhleluub{`fp k|{ilhudjl(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd u|kj`y yd ycl KFJ ycl wduy*

dwl{by`dh ibyb dh b U|kulr|lhy [lwd{y U|hi{p Hdyèl #Nd{j 52>7*


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dh Qlffu ndffdq`ha ycl edjwfly`dh dn ycl uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu( Ycl KFJ qd|fi ilyl{j`hl `n

ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh qbu edhi|eyli bu bww{d~li( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh qd|fi kl {lyb`hli

kp ycl KFJ bu wb{y dn ycl `hi`~ì|bf qlff {led{i bhi qd|fi kl b~b`fbkfl nd{ |ul qclh ycl qlff

cbu kllh ilwflyli bhi ycl wf|aa`ha dn ycl qlff ù kl`ha iluàhli(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#2 qd|fi {lr|`{l {lwd{y`ha dn ycl bey|bf jlbu|{li ilwyc yd ycl

wl{nd{by`dhu bhi dwlh cdfl `hyl{~bf( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh ìlhy`n`lu ycl w{di|e`ha `hyl{~bf dn ycl

qlff bhi q`ff kl b~b`fbkfl nd{ |ul qclh ycl qlff cbu kllh ilwflyli bhi wf|aa`ha dn ycl qlff ù

kl`ha iluàhli( Uwle`nè `hnd{jby`dh bu yd ycl bey|bf ud|{el dn qbyl{& `hef|i`ha fdeby`dh dn ycl

qbyl{ kl`ha |uli bu ycl kbul nf|ì& ù {lr|`{li kleb|ul ycl KFJ hlliu ycl `hnd{jby`dh yd

ilyl{j`hl ycl `jwbeyu buude`byli q`yc dwl{by`dhu bhi ycl hlli nd{ bhp j`yàby`dh bwwfèbkfl yd

Nlil{bf bhi @hi`bh fbhiu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#; qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd u|kj`y yd ycl KFJ ycl bey|bf ydybf

~df|jl dn nf|ì |uli& `hef|i`ha qbyl{& w{dwwbhyu& ecljèbfu& bhi bhp dycl{ nf|ì |uli `h ycl

uy`j|fby`dh#u `h d{il{ nd{ ycl KFJ yd jb`hyb`h b {led{i dn ycl uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh bu bey|bffp

wl{nd{jli(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#5 qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd u|kj`y yd ycl KFJ b {lwd{y dn ycl

u|{nbel w{luu|{l by ycl lhi dn lbec uybal w|jwli bhi ycl {byl by qcèc ycl nf|ì qbu w|jwli by

ycl edjwfly`dh dn lbec uybal #`(l(& o|uy w{`d{ yd uc|yy`ha idqh ycl w|jwu( @h bii`y`dh yd ycl

`hnd{jby`dh w{d~ìli nd{ ycl `hi`~ì|bf uybalu& ycl w{luu|{l ~bf|lu nd{ lbec nf|uc uybal j|uy bfud


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kl `hef|ili( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh ù hllili kp ycl KFJ nd{ `y yd lhu|{l ycby ycl jbs`j|j

bffdqbkfl w{luu|{l qbu hdy lsellili by bhp uybal dn ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh(

W{dwduli uley`dhu 52>;(5*5#a#9 bhi #;(5*5#a#9 yd ecljèbf edjwdu`y`dh dn ycl jbyl{`bfu #{lr|`{li kp

52>;(5*5#a# qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl bey|bf& luy`jbyli& d{ ebfe|fbyli n{bey|{l flhayc

bhi clàcy dn ycl uy`j|fby`dh#u yd kl {lwd{yli yd ycl KFJ ud ycby `y ebh ~l{`np ycby ycl `hylhili

lnnleyu dn ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dh {ljb`h edhn`hli yd ycl wly{dfl|j*klb{`ha {dem fbpl{u

bhi q`ff hdy cb~l |h`hylhili edhulr|lhelu dh dycl{ {dem fbpl{u d{ br|`nl{u( Ycù uley`dh qd|fi

{lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd ucdq ycby ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`yp qbu u|eeluun|ffp `jwfljlhyli bu

iluàhli bhi ycby ycl `hyla{`yp dn ycl qlff qbu jb`hyb`hli i|{`ha uy`j|fby`dh(


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W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#1 qd|fi bffdq ycl dwl{byd{ nfls`k`f`yp yd {lwd{y dhf`hl ycl

`hnd{jby`dh fùyli `h w{dwduli uley`dhu 52>;(5*5#a#2 yc{d|ac 52>;(5*5#a#> kp byybec`ha b

edwp dn ycl ul{~èl edjwbhp edhy{beyd{u odk fda d{ {lwd{y& w{d~ìli ycl `hnd{jby`dh {lr|`{li ù

bilr|bylfp bii{luuli( Ycl dwl{byd{ ù {luwdhu`kfl nd{ lhu|{`ha ycl bee|{bep dn bhp hnd{jby`dh

w{d~ìli yd ycl KFJ& l~lh `n d{à`hbffp i{bnyli kp b yc`{i wb{yp(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#3& qd|fi {lr|`{l dwl{byd{u yd el{y`np yclp cb~l edjwf`li q`yc bff

bwwfèbkfl Nlil{bf& uybyl& y{`kbf& bhi fdebf fbqu& {|flu& bhi {la|fby`dhu wl{yb`h`ha yd ycl

uy`j|fby`dh nf|ìu ycby ql{l bey|bffp |uli i|{`ha qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu( Ycl w{dwduli

uley`dh qd|fi bfud {lr|`{l ycby ycl dwl{byd{ el{y`np ycby `y cbu edjwf`li q`yc bff hleluub{p wl{j`y

bhi hdyèl {lr|`{ljlhyu( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh qd|fi kl {lyb hli kp ycl KFJ bu wb{y dn ycl qlff

{led{i bhi kl b~b`fbkfl nd{ |ul qclh ycl qlff cbu kllh ilwflyli bhi efdu|{l dn ycl qlff ù kl`ha

iluàhli( Ycl `hnd{jby`dh ù bfud hllili nd{ ycl KFJ yd n|fn`ff yu dkfàby`dh yd w{l~lhy

|hhleluub{p d{ |hi|l ila{biby`dh dn ycl w|kfè fbhi(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#0 qd|fi {lr|`{l dwl{byd{u yd el{y`np ycby qlffkd{l `hyla{`yp qbu

jb`hyb`hli yc{d|acd|y ycl dwl{by`dh( Ycù `hnd{jby`dh ù hllili kleb|ul ycl KFJ cbu b

jbhibyl yd w{dyley c|jbh clbfyc bhi ubnlyp bhi w{l~lhy edhybj`hby`dh dn ycl lh~`{dhjlhy(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#27 qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd w{d~ìl `hnd{jby`dh ilue{`k`ha

ycl cbhif`ha dn ycl nf|ìu |uli nd{ ycl uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu& nfdq*kbem nf|ìu& bhi w{di|eli

qbyl{( Ycl dwl{byd{ j|uy bfud {lwd{y cdq y cbhifli ycdul nf|ìu bnyl{ dwl{by`dhu ql{l

edjwflyli(


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5;

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#27#` qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd {lwd{y ycl ~df|jl dn nf|ì

{led~l{li i|{`ha nfdq kbem& uqbkk`ha& d{ {led~l{p n{dj w{di|ey`dh nbe`f`yp ~luulfu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#27#`` qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd {lwd{y ycl jlycdiu dn

jbhba`ha ycl {led~l{li nf|ìu(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#a#27#``` qd|fi {lr|`{l ycl dwl{byd{ yd {lwd{y ycl iùwdubf jlycdi dn

ycl {led~l{li nf|ìu( Ycù uley`dh bfud jbmlu `y eflb{ ycby ycl nf|ì iùwdubf jlycdiu j|uy kl

edhuùylhy q`yc Dhucd{l D{il{ H|jkl{ 1& Iùwdubf dn W{di|eli Qbyl{ #;(5*5#c bhi #` qd|fi hdy`np ycl dwl{byd{ dn w{deli|{lu `y hlliu yd ndffdq

yd ìlhy`np `hnd{jby`dh {lr|`{li yd kl u|kj`yyli |hil{ ycù uley`dh ycby ycl dwl{byd{ klf`l~lu yd kl

lsljwy& kp fbq& n{dj w|kfè iùefdu|{l( @n ycl dwl{byd{ nb fu yd uwle`nèbffp ìlhy`np `hnd{jby`dh

bu lsljwy n{dj iùefdu|{l kp Nlil{bf fbq& ycl KFJ q`ff {lflbul ycby `hnd{jby`dh( Ycl KFJ jbp


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bfud {lflbul `hnd{jby`dh qcèc ycl dwl{byd{ cbu jb{mli bu lsljwy `n ycl KFJ ilyl{j`hlu ycby

w|kfè {lflbul ù hdy w{dc`k`yli kp Nlil{bf fbq bnyl{ w{d~ì`ha ycl dwl{byd{ q`yc hd nlql{ ycbh 27

k|u`hluu ibpu hdyèl dn ycl ilyl{j`hby`dh( Bff dycl{ `hnd{jby`dh u|kj`yyli kp ycl dwl{byd{ q`ff

kledjl b jbyyl{ dn w|kfè {led{i(

W{dwduli uley`dh 52>;(5*5#o qd|fi w{d~ìl ycl dwl{byd{ q`yc b w{deluu nd{ {lr|luy`ha b ~b{`bhel

n{dj ycl j`h`j|j uybhib{iu dn ycù {la|fby`dh( ^b{`bhelu bwwfp dhfp yd dwl{by`dhbf bey`~`y`lu

bhi id hdy bwwfp yd ycl bey|bf bww{d~bf w{deluu( Ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dh qd|fi jbml eflb{ ycby

ycl KFJ cbu ycl {àcy yd {lue`hi b ~b{`bhel d{ jdi`np bhp edhi`y`dh dn bww{d~bf i|l yd ecbhalu

`h Nlil{bf fbq& ylechdfdap& {la|fby`dh& n`lfi dwl{by`dhu& hdhedjwf`bhel& d{ dycl{ {lbudhu( Ycl

KFJ j|uy jbml b ilyl{j`hby`dh ycby ycl ~b{`bhel {lr|luy jllyu d{ lselliu ycl dkoley`~lu dn ycl

{la|fby`dh( Nd{ lsbjwfl& bh dwl{byd{ ed|fi {lr|luy b ~b{`bhel n{dj ycl {lr|`{ljlhyu dn w{dwduli

uley`dh 52>;(5*5#e#; ycby `y u|kj`y eljlhy kdhi fdau yd w{d~l ycby ycl dee|{{lhelu dn |ubkfl

qbyl{ cb~l kllh ùdfbyli yd w{dyley yclj n{dj edhybj`hby`dh( Ycl KFJ ed|fi a{bhy b ~b{`bhel yd

bffdq nd{ ycl |ul dn fdau dycl{ ycbh eljlhy kdhi fdau `n `y qbu ubyùn`li ycby ycl bfyl{hby`~l fdau

qd|fi jlly d{ lselli ycl dkoley`~lu dn uley`dh #e#;( Ycù ~b{`bhel w{d~ù`dh ù edhuùylhy q`yc

lsùy`ha KFJ {la|fby`dh u|ec bu Dhucd{l D{il{ H|jkl{ 2 #ull uley`dh S( dn Dhucd{l D`f bhi

Abu Dwl{by`dhu= Nlil{bf bhi @hi`bh D`f bhi Abu Flbulu= Dhucd{l D`f bhi Abu D{il{ H|jkl{ 2&

Bww{d~bf dn Dwl{by`dhu #1; N[ 27573& 27551(

[l~ùli uley`dh 52>;(


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59

U`hel 2033& Dhucd{l D{il{ H|jkl{ ;& I{`ff`ha Dwl{by`dhu& #107 Uley`dh @@(P( cbu

iln`hli |ubkfl qbyl{ bhi Dhucd{l D{il{ H|jkl{ ;& I{`ff`ha Dwl{by`dhu& Uley`dh @@@(K( cbu

{lr|`{li ycl dwl{byd{ yd w{dyley bhi$d{ ùdfbyl bff |ubkfl qbyl{ zdhlu( Uley`dh 52>;(5&927 be{lu by ycl lhi

dn nùebf plb{ #NP ;722( Nd{ NP ;722& ycl{l ql{l 07&9&>7> w{di|e`kfl bhi ul{~èl edjwfly`dhu dh Nlil{bf flbulu(2

Nd{ NP ;722& dhucd{l Nlil{bf d`f bhi abu flbulu w{di|eli bkd|y 03 j`ff`dh kb{{lfu dn d`f& ;(01

k`ff`dh Jen dn hby|{bf abu& ;(


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5

`n ycl KFJ ilyl{j`hlu ycby ycl{l ù b hlli nd{ bii`y`dhbf `hnd{jby dh( Nd{ lsbjwfl& ycl KFJ

jbp {lr|`{l hlq d{ i`nnl{lhy `hnd{jby`dh `h ebulu qcl{l ycl d{à`hbf `hnd{jby`dh u|kj`yyli `h

ycl U|kulr|lhy [lwd{y qbu `hbilr|byl d{ `hedjwflyl(

Wdylhy`bf eduyu bhi klhln`yu {lfp dh ycl h|jkl{ dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh l~lhyu luy`jbyli yd dee|{ `h

ycl n|y|{l( Ycdul luy`jbylu ilwlhi dh b h|jkl{ dn nbeyd{u& `hef|i`ha& k|y hdy f`j`yli yd& n|y|{l

d`f bhi abu w{èlu& ycl h|jkl{ dn bwwfèby`dhu yd i{`ff& ycl h|jkl{ dn qlffu edjwflyli& bhi ycl

wd{y`dh dn qlffu ycby b{l uy`j|fbyli( Lswleyli eduyu bhi klhln`yu b{l bhyè`wbyli yd `he{lbul `h ycl

n|y|{l kleb|ul ycl h|jkl{ dn qlffu i{`ffli bhi qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu b{l lswleyli yd `he{lbul

`h ycl n|y|{l& edhuìl{`ha w{doleyli edjjdi`y`lu w{èlu bhi w{di|ey`dh(

Bij`hùy{by`~l eduyu `hef|il dhfp ycl bii`y`dhbf k|{ilh wduli kp ycl {lr|`{ljlhyu( Nd{

dwl{byd{u& ycù k|{ilh `hef|ilu ycl u|kjùu`dh dn nd{ju bhi u|wwd{y`ha ide|jlhyby`dh ycby b{l

hdy e|{{lhyfp {lr|`{li( Ycl {lwd{y`ha {lr|`{ljlhyu qd|fi bfud wdul bh bii`y`dhbf k|{ilh dh ycl

KFJ& u`hel `y qd|fi {l~`lq bh bii`y`dhbf h|jkl{ dn u|hi{p nd{ju bhi bii`y`dhbf `hnd{jby`dh

wl{ nd{j( Ycl lnnè`lhep dn w{deluu`ha bwwfèby`dhu ed|fi bfud kl `jwbeyli `n dwl{byd{u u|kj`y

`hedjwflyl d{ `hbilr|byl `hnd{jby`dh& ycl{lkp {lr|`{`ha bii`y`dhbf edjj|hèby`dh klyqllh ycl

KFJ bhi ycl dwl{byd{u(

Ycl w{dwduli {|fl ullmu yd bec`l~l klhln`yu kp jbm`ha jd{l `hnd{jby`dh b~b`fbkfl yd ycl w|kfè

bkd|y ycl ecljèbfu `holeyli `h qlff uy`j|fby`dh nf|ìu& qc`fl w{dyley`ha y{bil ule{lyu bhi

edhnìlhy`bf k|u`hluu `hnd{jby`dh( Ycl `hnd{jby`dh ycby qd|fi kl u|kj`yyli yd ycl KFJ |hil{

ycù uley`dh qd|fi alhl{bffp kl jbil b~b`fbkfl yd ycl w|kfè( Ycl w{dwduli {|fl& cdql~l{& qd|fi


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bffdq bh dwl{byd{ yd ìlhy`np uwle`nè `hnd{jby`dh ycby `y klf`l~lu ù w{dyleyli n{dj iùefdu|{l kp

Nlil{bf fbq& bhi yd u|kuybhy`byl ycdul efb`ju dn lsljwy`dh( \hil{ lsùy`ha fbq& ycl KFJ jbp

hdhlyclfluu jbml ycby `hnd{jby`dh b~b`fbkfl yd ycl w|kfè& k|y dhfp `n `y ilyl{j`hlu ycby ycl

`hnd{jby`dh ù hdy w{dyleyli kp Nlil{bf fbq& bhi w{d~ìlu hdy fluu ycbh 27 k|u`hluu ibpu hdyèl yd

ycl dwl{byd{ klnd{l {lflbu`ha ycl `hnd{jby`dh(

N|{ycl{jd{l& ycl iùefdu|{l jlecbhùj `h ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi {lr|`{l b ybkfl dn ycl

bii`y`~lu kp y{bil hbjl bhi ycl w|{wdul nd{ qcèc yclp b{l `hef|ili `h ycl qlff uy`j|fby`dh nf|ì(

@y qd|fi bfud {lr|`{l b ulwb{byl ybkfl fùy`ha bff ycl ecljèbfu |uli kp ycl Ecljèbf Bkuy{beyu

Ul{~èl [laùy{p H|jkl{( Ycù iluàh q`ff hc`k`y {l~l{ul*lha`hll{`ha dn uwle`nè bii`y`~lu(

Wdylhy`bf eduyu `hef|il ycdul yd wl{nd{j yluyu d{ ybml dycl{ bey`dhu ycby jàcy hdy cb~l kllh

edhi|eyli dycl{qùl( Dwl{by`dhbf eduyu `hef|il ycl eduy dn bhp bii`y`dhbf fdau& yluyu& d{ dycl{

{lr|`{ljlhyu hllili yd w{lwb{l bff ide|jlhyu {lr|`{li kp ycl w{dwduli {|fl ycby b{l hdy

e|{{lhyfp {lr|`{li( Ilwlhi`ha dh ycl qlff bhi ycl dwl{byd{& yclul yluyu d{ dycl{ {lr|`{ljlhyu

e|{{lhyfp jbp kl edhi|eyli d{ w{beyèli w|{u|bhy yd dycl{ wl{j`yu& alhl{bf qlff yluy`ha& lye(

Hlq qlffu& qcl{l dwl{byd{u b{l edhi|ey`ha cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu& ucd|fi bf{lbip

edjwfp q`yc jbhp dn ycl uybhib{iu w{d~ìli `h ycù w{dwduli {|fl& q`yc ycl lselwy`dh dn {|hh`ha

eljlhy kdhi fdau dh ycl u|{nbel ebu`ha( Ypwèbffp& bh dwl{byd{ q`ff buu|jl ycby ycl ebu`ha ù

n|ffp eljlhyli `n eljlhy e`{e|fbylu yd ycl u|{nbel i|{`ha ycl eljlhy`ha w{deluu( Cdql~l{&

e`{e|fby`dh yd ycl u|{nbel idlu hdy edhn`{j ycby ycl{l ù bww{dw{`byl d{ w{dwl{ kdhi`ha( B eljlhy

kdhi fda q`ff w{d~ìl edhn`{jby`dh ycby ycl{l ù w{dwl{ kdhi`ha kp w{d~ì`ha b a{bwcèbf


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53

{lw{lulhyby`dh ycby w{dwl{ kdhi`ha cbu dee|{{li( Dfi ~l{yèbf qlffu ycby b{l edh~l{yli yd

cd{`zdhybf qlffu bf{lbip {lr|`{l b illwlh`ha u|hi{p& b ulwb{byl w{deluu ycby bii{luulu udjl dn

ycl {lr|`{ljlhyu `h ycù w{dwduli {|fl(

Ycl wdylhy`bf klhln`yu dn ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dhu `hef|il {li|eli u|{nbel bhi u|ku|{nbel

edhybj`hby`dh( Ycl bhbfpuù buu|jlu ycby& bkulhy ycù {la|fby`dh& b el{yb`h h|jkl{ dn qlff

uy`j|fby`dh l~lhyu jbp {lu|fy `h edhybj`hby`dh bhi wdul b eduy yd ude`lyp( Ycl w{dwduli {|fl ù

iluàhli yd ìlhy`np wdylhy`bf ùu|lu {lab{i`ha qlffkd{l `hyla{`yp bhi ycl iluàh dn ycl

dwl{by`dhu& ycl{lkp {li|e`ha ycl f`mlf`cddi dn edhybj`hby`dh l~lhyu(

Luy`jby`ha ycl klhln`yu dn ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dh ù |hel{yb`h bhi u|koley yd buu|jwy`dhu bkd|y

ycl h|jkl{ dn ilnè`lhe`lu& f`mlf`cddi dn edhybj`hby`dh `n b ilnè`lhep qbu w{lulhy& bhi eduyu dn

{ljli`by`dh( Dhl qbp yd jlbu|{l ycù klhln`y ù kp luy`jby`ha ycl eduy dn `hyl{hbf`z`ha ycl

edhybj`hby`dh& qcèc nd{ b u|ku|{nbel l~lhy jbp `hef|il {luyd{`ha b ud|{el dn i{`hm`ha qbyl{ d{

{ljli`by`dh dn bh br|`nl{(

Ycl{l b{l dycl{ klhln`yu ycby b{l i`nnè|fy yd r|bhy`np h jdhlyb{p yl{ju ycd|ac yclp lsùy( Ycl

iùefdu|{l {lr|`{ljlhyu jàcy lhed|{bal dwl{byd{u yd |ul nlql{ d{ ubnl{ ecljèbfu `h ycl

cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha nf|ì( Ycl w|kfè qd|fi klhln`y n{dj `he{lbuli mhdqflial bkd|y ycl nf|ìu

|uli( @he{lbuli y{bhuwb{lhep ù bfud f`mlfp yd klhln`y ue`lhyùyu& uybyl bhi Nlil{bf balhe`lu& bhi

dycl{ d{abh`zby`dhu ycby uy|ip ycl wdylhy`bf `jwbeyu dn cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu& bhi ycl

KFJ qd|fi cb~l jd{l `hnd{jby`dh q`yc qcèc yd jbml {lud|{el jbhbaljlhy ileù`dhu d{

{luwdhi yd `heìlhyu(


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Jlycdidfdap

Ycù bhbfpuù w{lulhyu eduyu bhi klhln`yu lswleyli yd dee|{ d~l{ ycl hlsy 27 plb{u& n{dj ;725 yd

;7;;( Ycù wl{`di dn bhbfpuù qbu ecdulh kleb|ul 27 plb{u ù ycl flhayc dn ycl w{`jb{p flbul

yl{j dh KFJ*jbhbali fbhiu( Hly klhln`yu b{l iùed|hyli |u`ha 1 bhi 5 wl{elhy iùed|hy {bylu(

Ycl bhbfpuù w{lulhyu b {bhal dn lswleyli d|yedjlu u`hel ycl h|jkl{ dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh l~lhyu

dee|{{`ha `h ycl n|y|{l ù càcfp ~b{`bkfl bhi u|koley yd n|y|{l edhi`y`dhu(

Ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dh ù iluàhli yd {li|el ycl {ùm ycby qlff uy`j|fby`dh l~lhyu jbp wdul yd

ycl lh~`{dhjlhy( Bhp edhybj`hby`dh l~lhy ycby dee|{u ù lswleyli yd {lr|`{l {ljli`by`dh( U`hel

ycl {ljli`by`dh eduyu b{l |hel{yb`h& ycl bhbfpuù jbmlu buu|jwy`dhu bkd|y {ljli`by`dh eduyu

qcèc jbp |hil{luy`jbyl ycl y{|l eduyu dn {ljli`by`dh( Ycl bhbfpuù buu|jlu yqd uelhb{`du? b

fdq {ljli`by`dh eduy fdq lh~`{dhjlhybf {ùm uelhb{`d bhi b càc {ljli`by`dh eduy càc

lh~`{dhjlhybf {ùm uelhb{`d( Ycl klhln`yu& qc`fl {lw{lulhy`ha ycl ~bf|l dn {ùm {li|ey`dh& q`ff

|hil{luy`jbyl d{ d~l{luy`jbyl ycl y{|l klhln`yu `n ycl y{|l {ùm dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu

~b{`lu n{dj ycl buu|jwy`dhu(

Iùed|hyli W{lulhy ^bf|l

Ycl{l ù b y`jl i`jlhu`dh yd luy`jbylu dn wdylhy`bf klhln`yu bhi eduyu( Ycl wdylhy`bf l~lhyu

ilue{`kli& `n yclp dee|{ by bff& jbp kl `h ycl iùybhy n|y|{l( Ycl n|{ycl{ `h ycl n|y|{l ycl klhln`yu

bhi eduyu b{l lswleyli yd dee|{& ycl ujbffl{ ycl w{lulhy ~bf|l buude`byli q`yc ycl uy{lbj dn eduyu

bhi klhln`yu( Bu u|ec& n|y|{l eduyu bhi klhln`yu j|uy kl iùed|hyli #ycl iùed|hy nbeyd{ lr|bfu

2$#2-{y qcl{l { ù ycl iùed|hy {byl bhi y ù y`jl jlbu|{li `h plb{u i|{`ha qcèc klhln`yu bhi


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eduyu b{l lswleyli yd dee|{( Ycl iùed|hy nbeyd{ ù yclh |uli yd edh~l{y ycl uy{lbj dn eduyu bhi

klhln`yu `hyd w{lulhy iùed|hyli ~bf|lu( Qclh ycl luy`jbyli klhln`yu bhi eduyu cb~l kllh

iùed|hyli& yclp ebh kl biili yd ilyl{j`hl ycl d~l{bff ~bf|l dn hly klhln`yu(

Ycl DJKu kbuè a|ìbhel dh ycl bww{dw{`byl iùed|hy {byl yd |ul ù w{d~ìli `h DJK E`{e|fb{

B*09( Ycl DJKu E`{e|fb{ B*09 uybylu ycby b {lbf iùed|hy {byl dn 1 wl{elhy ucd|fi kl |uli bu b

kbul*ebul nd{ {la|fbyd{p bhbfpuù( Ycl DJK edhuìl{u ycl 1 wl{elhy {byl bu bh luy`jbyl dn ycl

b~l{bal klnd{l*ybs {byl dn {ly|{h yd w{`~byl ebw`ybf `h ycl \(U( ledhdjp( @y ù b k{dbi jlbu|{l

ycby {lnfleyu ycl {ly|{hu yd {lbf luybyl bhi ujbff k|u`hluu ebw`ybf bu qlff bu ed{wd{byl ebw`ybf( @y

bww{ds`jbylu ycl dwwd{y|h`yp eduy dn ebw`ybf& bhi `y ù ycl bww{dw{`byl iùed|hy {byl qclhl~l{ ycl

jb`h lnnley dn b {la|fby`dh ù yd iùwfbel d{ bfyl{ ycl |ul dn ebw`ybf `h ycl w{`~byl uleyd{(

DJK E`{e|fb{ B*9 bfud uybylu ycby b 5 wl{elhy iùed|hy {byl ucd|fi kl |uli nd{ {la|fbyd{p

bhbfpulu bhi lswfb`hu ycl |ul dn ycby iùed|hy {byl bu ndffdqu? Ycl lnnleyu dn {la|fby`dh id hdy

bfqbpu nbff lsef|u`~lfp d{ w{`jb{`fp dh ycl bffdeby`dh dn ebw`ybf( Qclh {la|fby`dh w{`jb{`fp bhi

i`{leyfp bnnleyu w{`~byl edhu|jwy`dh #l(a(& yc{d|ac càcl{ edhu|jl{ w{èlu nd{ addiu bhi

ul{~èlu& b fdql{ iùed|hy {byl ù bww{dw{`byl( Ycl bfyl{hby`~l jduy dnylh |uli ù udjly`jlu

ebffli ycl ude`bf {byl dn y`jl w{lnl{lhel( Ycù u`jwfp jlbhu ycl {byl by qcèc +ude`lyp+

iùed|hyu n|y|{l edhu|jwy`dh nfdqu yd ycl`{ w{lulhy ~bf|l(

\hel{yb`hyp

Ycl klhln`yu bhi eduyu w{d~ìli `h ycù bhbfpuù b{l `hilli luy`jbylu bhi edjl q`yc |hel{yb`hyp(

Luy`jbyli eduyu bhi klhln`yu {lfp dh ycl h|jkl{ dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh l~lhyu dee|{{`ha `h n|y|{l


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plb{u bhi ycdul luy`jbylu b{l |hel{yb`h( Ycù bhbfpuù luy`jbylu ycl h|jkl{ dn n|y|{l qlff

uy`j|fby`dh l~lhyu |u`ha {la{luu`dh jdilfu bhi n|y|{l w{doley`dhu dn edjjdi`yp w{èlu(

Buu|j`ha ycl h|jkl{ dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh l~lhyu ù mhdqh& ycd|ac bij`hùy{by`~l eduyu b{l jd{l

lbu`fp luy`jbyli& ycl dwl{by`dhbf eduyu {lr|`{li kp w{di|el{u yd edjwfp q`yc ycl {la|fby`dhu b{l

u|koley yd buu|jwy`dhu bkd|y ycl h|jkl{ dn qlffu ycby qd|fi {lr|`{l u|ec lswlhi`y|{lu(

N|{ycl{ |hel{yb`hyp f`lu `h ycl luy`jby`dh dn klhln`yu bhi {ljli`by`dh eduyu( Nd{ ycl w|{wdulu dn

ycù bhbfpuù& b {bhal dn buu|jli b~l{bal eduyu dn {ljli`by`ha kdyc u|ku|{nbel bhi u|{nbel

edhybj`hby`dhu b{l |uli( Ycù buu|jwy`dh jbp kl ydd fdq d{ ydd càc `h ycl {lbf qd{fi&

ilwlhi`ha dh ycl fdeby`dh& ul~l{`yp& edhulr|lhelu& i|{by`dh dn ycl edhybj`hby`dh& bhi `n b eb|ubf

f`hm klyqllh ycl ud|{el bhi edhybj`hby`dh ebh kl jbil(

Ycù bhbfpuù idlu hdy r|bhy`np dycl{ klhln`yu ycby b{l |hid|kylifp {lfl~bhy& u|ec bu ycl klhln`y

ycby iùefdu`ha ycl edjwdhlhyu dn n{bey|{`ha nf|ìu q`ff cb~l nd{ w|kfè clbfyc {lulb{ec bhi ycl

{ljli`by`dh dn edhybj`hby`dh l~lhyu( @y ù bfud |hel{yb`h qcby bii`y`dhbf klhln`yu& `n bhp& qd|fi

{lu|fy n{dj ycl iùefdu|{l {lr|`{ljlhyu& nd{ `huybhel& `n edjwbh`lu n`hi ubnl{ u|kuy`y|ylu nd{ ycl

ecljèbfu `h ycl n{bey|{`ha nf|ìu(


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9;

[lu|fyu

Ycl bhbfpuù luy`jbylu ycl lnnleyu dn ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dhu d~l{ b kbulf`hl uelhb{`d& qcl{l hd

bey`dh ù ybmlh( Ycl KFJ edhuìl{li bh bfyl{hby`~l yd ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dh qcèc qd|fi

{ljd~l ycl {lr|`{ljlhy nd{ dwl{byd{u yd |ul f`hli w`yu `n yclp ecddul yd |ul w`yu yd uyd{l cpi{b|fè

n{bey|{`ha nf|ìu(

B u|jjb{p dn ycl {lu|fyu bwwlb{u `h Ybkfl ; bhi Ybkfl 5& q`yc ycl lhy`{l {lu|fyu b~b`fbkfl `h ycl

n|ff Ledhdjè Bhbfpuù bhi @h`y`bf [la|fbyd{p Nfls`k`f`yp Bhbfpuù b~b`fbkfl by ycl bii{luu fùyli

`h ycl BII[LUULU uley`dh dn ycù {|fl(

Ybkfl ;? Bhh|bf`zli ^bf|l dn Hly Klhln yu dn ycl W{dwduli [la|fby`dhu bhi Bfyl{hby`~lu#1, Iùed|hy [byl= )JJ

Fdq [ljli`by`dh Eduy$Fdq Lh~`{dhjlhybf

[ùm

Càc [ljli`by`dh Eduy$Càc Lh~`{dhjlhybf

[ùm

W{dwduli [la|fby`dhu

Ude`bf Klhln`yu 22(17 25(10 9;(>1 7 3(03 97(3> 59(>3 97(3>

Hly Klhln`yu *59(>1 *97(39 *;1(73 *52(07

Luy`jbyli H|jkl{ dn QlffUy`j|fby`dhu Fdq Càc Fdq Càc

Ydybf 52&5;3 51&72< 52&5;3 51&721JJ bhi

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dn ycl bij`hùy{by`~l d{ dwl{by`dhbf eduyu ecbha`ha klyqllh ycl uelhb{`du( @huylbi& ycl i`nnl{lhel

ù i|l yd ycl ~bf|by`dh dn ude`bf klhln yu( @n ycl buu|jli {ùm dn edhybj`hby`dh ù a{lbyl{ bhi ycl

eduyu dn {ljli`by`dh b{l càcl{& yclh klhln`yu dn ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi kl a{lbyl{ bhi dnnuly ycl

edjwf`bhel eduyu(

Ycl bhh|bf eduy wl{ qlff uy`j|fby`dh idlu hdy ~b{p a{lbyfp klyqllh ycl eduy bhi {ùm uelhb{`du&

k|y ycl klhln`yu id( Ycl b~l{bal bhh|bf eduy wl{ qlff #`hef|i`ha bij`hùy{by`~l bhi dwl{by`dhbf

eduyu ù luy`jbyli yd kl bkd|y )22&355( Cdql~l{& ycl b~l{bal bhh|bf klhln`y {bhalu jd{l

qìlfp& klyqllh )5&133( Ycl |hel{yb`hyp bkd|y { um bhi ibjbalu eb|ulu ycù

~b{`bk`f`yp( Ycl hly klhln`y {bhalu n{dj *)3&710 yd )2&3


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iln`hlu b uàh`nèbhy lhl{ap bey`dh bu bhp bey`dh kp bh balhep #hd{jbffp w|kfùcli `h ycl

Nlil{bf [laùyl{ ycby w{dj|fabylu d{ ù lswleyli yd flbi yd ycl w{dj|faby`dh dn b n`hbf {|fl d{

{la|fby`dh& `hef|i`ha hdyèlu dn `hr|`{p& bi~bhel hdyèlu dn w{dwduli {|fljbm`ha& bhi hdyèlu dn

w{dwduli {|fljbm`ha? 2#` ycby ù b uàh`nèbhy {la|fbyd{p bey`dh |hil{ Lsle|y`~l D{il{ 2;3>> d{

bhp u|eeluud{ d{il{& bhi #`` ù f`mlfp yd cb~l b uàh`nèbhy bi~l{ul lnnley dh ycl u|wwfp&

iùy{`k|y`dh& d{ |ul dn lhl{ap= d{ ; ycby ù iluàhbyli kp ycl Bij`hùy{byd{ dn D@[B bu b

uàh`nèbhy lhl{ap bey`dh(

Ycù bhbfpuù luy`jbylu ycl bii`y`dhbf eduy k|{ilh wl{ qlff uy`j|fby`dh l~lhy bhi n`hiu ycby ycl

b~l{bal k|{ilh wl{ uy`j|fby`dh ù bkd|y )22&355 `h ;725(

Ycl KFJ klf`l~lu ycby ycl bii`y`dhbf eduy wl{ qlff uy`j|fby`dh {lu|fy`ha n{dj ycù w{dwduli {|fl

ù `huàh`nèbhy qclh edjwb{li q`yc ycl i{`ff`ha eduyu `h {lelhy plb{u& ycl w{di|ey`dh ab`hu n{dj

cpi{b|fèbffp n{bey|{li qlff dwl{by`dhu& bhi ycl hly `hedjlu dn lhy`y`lu q`yc`h ycl d`f bhi hby|{bf

abu `hi|uy{`lu(

Ybkfl 9 w{lulhyu i{`ff`ha eduyu wl{ qlff nd{ b {bhal dn qlffu n{dj 2003 yd ;771( Ycl ibyb eflb{fp

ucdq ycby i{`ff`ha eduyu `he{lbuli i|{`ha ycù y`jl( \u`ha ycl luy`jbylu nd{ ycl b~l{bal k|{ilh

wl{ qlff uy`j|fby`dh bhi ycl b~l{bal eduy dn i{`ff`ha qlffu `h ;771& ycl bhh|bf eduyu dn ycù

w{dwduli {|fl {lw{lulhy bkd|y 7(5, dn ycl i{`ff`ha eduy dn b qlff(

Bu u|ec& ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dhu b{l |hf`mlfp yd cb~l bh lnnley dh ycl `h~luyjlhy ileù`dhu dn

n`{ju& bhi ycl {|fl ù |hf`mlfp yd bnnley ycl u|wwfp& iùy{`k|y`dh& d{ |ul dn lhl{ap(


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Ybkfl 9? Wl{ Qlff Eduyu dn E{|il D`f bhi Hby|{bf Abu Qlffu I{`ffli

Plb{

E{|il D`f&Hby|{bf Abu&

bhi I{p Qlffu

I{`ffli#Hdj`hbf )

E{|il D`f

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Hby|{bf Abu

Qlffu I{`ffli#Hdj`hbf )2003 1>0&277 >&777 3277

2000 3&277 135&777 103&977

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;771 9&212&177 9&777&977 5&07>&077Ud|{el? Lhl{ap @hnd{jby`dh Bij`hùy{by`dh #;72;& Eduyu dn E{|il D`f bhi Hby|{bf Abu

Qlffu I{`ffli

Ljwfdpjlhy @jwbey Bhbfpuù

Lsle|y`~l D{il{ 255 {lbnn`{ju ycl w{`he`wflu luybkfùcli `h Lsle|y`~l D{il{ 2;3>>& k|y ebffu

nd{ bii`y`dhbf edhuìl{by`dh dn ycl {la|fbyd{p `jwbey dh ljwfdpjlhy( @y uybylu& D|{ {la|fbyd{p

upuylj j|uy w{dyley w|kfè clbfyc& qlfnb{l& ubnlyp& bhi d|{ lh~`{dhjlhy qc`fl w{djdy`ha

ledhdjè a{dqyc& `hhd~by`dh& edjwly`y`~lhluu& bhi odk e{lby`dh( Bh bhbfpuù dn ljwfdpjlhy

`jwbeyu ù b uybhibfdhl bhbfpuù bhi ycl `jwbeyu ucd|fi hdy kl `hef|ili `h ycl luy`jby`dh dn

klhln`yu bhi eduyu(


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Ycù bhbfpuù ullmu yd `hnd{j ycl iùe|uu`dh dn fbkd{ iljbhi bhi odk `jwbeyu kp w{d~ì`ha bh

luy`jbyl dn ycl ljwfdpjlhy `jwbeyu dn ycl w{dwduli {la|fby`dhu |u`ha fbkd{ {lr|`{ljlhyu nd{ ycl

bii`y`dhbf bij`hùy{by`dh bhi dwl{by`dhbf hlliu(

Ycù w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi {lr|`{l dwl{byd{u qcd cb~l hdy bf{lbip idhl ud yd edhi|ey dhl*y`jl

yluyu dh b qlff d{ jbml b dhl*y`jl `huybffby`dh dn b j`yàby`dh edhy{df nlby|{l( @h bii`y`dh&

dwl{byd{u qd|fi kl {lr|`{li yd wl{nd{j bij`hùy{by`~l ybumu {lfbyli yd b dhl*y`jl l~lhy(

Edjwf`bhel q`yc ycl dwl{by`dhbf {lr|`{ljlhyu qd|fi uc`ny {lud|{elu q`yc`h ycl `hi|uy{p n{dj ycl

dwl{byd{u yd n`{ju w{d~ì`ha ycl ul{~èlu d{ u|wwf`lu( Nd{ lsbjwfl& ycl {lr|`{ljlhy nd{ b eljlhy

kdhi fda {lw{lulhyu bh bii`y`dhbf eduy yd ycl dwl{byd{& k|y b klhln`y yd ycl edjwbhp {|hh`ha ycl

fda(

@h ;725& ycl KFJ luy`jbylu ycby ycl fbkd{ {lr|`{ljlhyu nd{ dwl{byd{u yd jlly bii`y`dhbf

bij`hùy{by`~l bhi dwl{by`dhbf hlliu b{l luy`jbyli yd kl bkd|y 2< yd 23 n|ff y`jl lr|`~bflhyu `h

lbec dn ycl hlsy yc{ll plb{u( Beed{i`ha yd ycl \(U( Elhu|u K|{lb|& ljwfdpjlhy `h ycl {lfbyli

uleyd{u qbu ;


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>& [la|fbyd{p Wfbhh`ha bhi [l~`lq

@h beed{ibhel q`yc ycl e{`yl{`b `h Lsle|y`~l D{il{ 2;3>>& ycl Dnnèl dn Jbhbaljlhy bhi K|ialy

cbu ilyl{j`hli ycby ycù {|fl ù b uàh`nèbhy {la|fbyd{p bey`dh(

Ycl {|fl q`ff hdy cb~l bh bhh|bf lnnley dh ycl ledhdjp dn )277 j`ff`dh d{ jd{l d{ bi~l{ulfp

bnnley `h b jbyl{`bf qbp ycl ledhdjp& b uleyd{ dn ycl ledhdjp& w{di|ey`~`yp& edjwly`y`dh& odku&

ycl lh~`{dhjlhy& w|kfè clbfyc d{ ubnlyp& d{ uybyl& fdebf& d{ y{`kbf ad~l{hjlhyu d{ edjj|h`y`lu(

Cdql~l{& ycl {|fl jbp {bùl hd~lf wdfèp ùu|lu kleb|ul dn ycl w{dwduli {lr|`{ljlhy ycby

dwl{byd{u w{d~ìl yd ycl KFJ `hnd{jby`dh {lab{i`ha qlff uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu ycby yclp b{l hdy

e|{{lhyfp w{d~ì`ha yd ycl KFJ(

Ycù w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi hdy e{lbyl `hedhuùylhe`lu d{ dycl{qùl `hyl{nl{l q`yc bh bey`dh ybmlh d{

wfbhhli kp bhdycl{ balhep( Ycù w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi hdy ecbhal ycl {lfby`dhuc`wu dn ycl d`f bhi

abu dwl{by`dhu q`yc dycl{ balhe`lu( Yclul {lfby`dhuc`wu b{l `hef|ili `h ba{lljlhyu bhi

jljd{bhib dn |hil{uybhi`ha ycby qd|fi hdy ecbhal q`yc ycù {|fl( @h bii`y`dh& ycù w{dwduli

{|fl qd|fi hdy jbyl{`bffp bnnley ycl k|ialyb{p `jwbey dn lhy`yfljlhyu& a{bhyu& fdbh w{da{bju& d{


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72>2;&

yd lhu|{l ycby Ad~l{hjlhy {la|fby`dhu id hdy |hhleluub{`fp d{ iùw{dwd{y`dhbylfp k|{ilh ujbff

lhy`y`lu( Ycl [NB {lr|`{lu b {la|fbyd{p nfls`k`f`yp bhbfpuù `n b {|fl qd|fi cb~l b uàh`nèbhy

ledhdjè `jwbey& l`ycl{ ily{`jlhybf d{ klhlnè`bf& dh b u|kuybhy`bf h|jkl{ dn ujbff lhy`y`lu( Nd{

ycl w|{wdulu dn ycù bhbfpuù& ql q`ff buu|jl ycby bff lhy`y`lu #bff fluullu bhi dwl{byd{u ycby jbp

kl bnnleyli kp ycù w{dwduli {|fl b{l ujbff lhy`y`lu& l~lh ycd|ac ycby ù hdy bey|bffp ycl ebul(

Ycl w{dwduli {|fl ilbfu q`yc qlff uy`j|fby`dh dh bff Nlil{bf bhi @hi`bh fbhiu #lselwy ycdul

lsef|ili kp uyby|yl( Ycl{l qd|fi kl udjl `he{lbuli eduyu buude`byli q`yc ycl w{dwduli

lhcbheli {led{imllw`ha {lr|`{ljlhyu bhi udjl hlq dwl{by`dhbf {lr|`{ljlhyu( Cdql~l{& ycl

KFJ lswleyu ycby yclul eduyu qd|fi kl j`hd{ `h edjwb{ùdh yd d~l{bff dwl{by`dhu eduyu(

Ycl{lnd{l& ycl KFJ cbu ilyl{j`hli |hil{ ycl [NB ycby ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi hdy cb~l b

uàh`nèbhy ledhdjè `jwbey dh b u|kuybhy`bf h|jkl{ dn ujbff lhy`y`lu( Wflbul ull ycl iùe|uu`dh

lb{f`l{ `h ycù uley`dh dn ycl w{lbjkfl nd{ b iùe|uu`dh dn ycl `jwbeyu dn ycl {|fl(

Ujbff K|u`hluu [la|fbyd{p Lhnd{eljlhy Nb`{hluu Bey


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1, dn ycl wbì ljwfdpllu(

Ujbff lhy`y`lu {lw{lulhy ycl d~l{qclfj`ha jbod{`yp dn lhy`y`lu dwl{by`ha `h ycl dhucd{l e{|il d`f

bhi hby|{bf abu lsy{bey`dh `hi|uy{p( Bu u|ec& ycl w{dwduli {|fl ù f`mlfp yd bnnley b uàh`nèbhy

h|jkl{ dn ujbff lhy`y`lu( Yd lsbj`hl ycl ledhdjè `jwbey dn ycl {|fl dh ujbff lhy`y`lu& ycl

KFJ wl{nd{jli b ue{llh`ha bhbfpuù nd{ `jwbeyu dh b ubjwfl dn lswleyli bnnleyli ujbff lhy`y`lu

kp edjwb{`ha edjwf`bhel eduyu yd lhy`yp hly `hedjlu(

\hil{ ycl eduy bhi {ùm uelhb{`du& ycl b~l{bal eduy wl{ lhy`yp `h ;725 ù luy`jbyli yd {lw{lulhy

klyqllh 7(77;, bhi 7(;;, dn ycl ;727 hly `hedjlu dn ycl ubjwfli edjwbh`lu& ilwlhi`ha dh


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57& Ad~l{hjlhybf Bey`dhu bhi @hyl{nl{lhel Q`yc Edhuy`y|y`dhbffp W{dyleyli

W{dwl{yp [`acyu #Ybm`hau


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57& ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi hdy cb~l uàh`nèbhy ybm`hau `jwfèby`dhu(

B ybm`hau `jwfèby`dh buuluujlhy ù hdy {lr|`{li( Ycù w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi luybkfùc

{led{imllw`ha {lr|`{ljlhyu nd{ cpi{b|fè n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dhu bhi udjl bii`y`dhbf dwl{by`dhbf

{lr|`{ljlhyu dh Nlil{bf bhi @hi`bh fbhiu( Bff u|ec dwl{by`dhu b{l u|koley yd flbul yl{ju qcèc

lsw{luufp {lr|`{l ycby u|kulr|lhy flbul bey`~`y`lu kl edhi|eyli `h edjwf`bhel q`yc u|kulr|lhyfp

bidwyli Nlil{bf fbqu bhi {la|fby`dhu( Ycl w{dwduli {|fl edhnd{ju yd ycl yl{ju dn ycdul Nlil{bf

flbulu bhi bwwfèbkfl uyby|ylu& bhi bu u|ec ycl w{dwduli {|fl ù hdy b ad~l{hjlhybf bey`dh ebwbkfl

dn `hyl{nl{`ha q`yc edhuy`y|y`dhbffp w{dyleyli w{dwl{yp {àcyu( Ycl{lnd{l& ycl w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi

hdy eb|ul b ybm`ha dn w{`~byl w{dwl{yp d{ {lr|`{l n|{ycl{ iùe|uu`dh dn ybm`hau `jwfèby`dhu |hil{

ycù Lsle|y`~l D{il{(

Lsle|y`~l D{il{ 255


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Ycl w|{wdul dn yclul jlly`hau qbu yd udfè`y `h`y`bf nllikbem bhi w{lf`j`hb{p edjjlhyu n{dj ycl

y{`klu( Edjjlhyu n{dj y{`klu q`ff kl {lel`~li bhi edhu|fyby`dh q`ff edhy`h|l bu ycù {|fljbm`ha

w{delliu( Yd ibyl& ycl y{`klu cb~l lsw{luuli edhel{hu bkd|y ycl KFJu @huwley`dh bhi

Lhnd{eljlhy w{da{bju bk`f`yp yd lhnd{el ycl yl{ju dn ycù {|fl= w{l~`d|ufp wf|aali bhi

bkbhidhli qlffu kl`ha wdylhy`bf edhi|`yu nd{ edhybj`hby`dh dn a{d|hi qbyl{= bhi ycl dwl{byd{

cb~`ha yd w{d~ìl ide|jlhyby`dh ycby ycl qbyl{ |uli nd{ ycl n{bey|{`ha dwl{by`dh qbu flabffp

ber|`{li( Ycl KFJ q`ff n|{ycl{ bii{luu yclul edhel{hu i|{`ha ycl i{bny`ha dn ycl n hbf {|fl(

Lsle|y`~l D{il{ 2;033& E`~`f O|uyèl [lnd{j

\hil{ Lsle|y`~l D{il{ 2;033& ycl Dnnèl dn ycl Udfè`yd{ cbu ilyl{j`hli ycby ycl w{dwduli {|fl

qd|fi hdy |hi|fp k|{ilh ycl o|iè`bf upuylj bhi jllyu ycl {lr|`{ljlhyu dn Uley`dhu 5#b bhi

5#k#; dn ycl D{il{( Ycl Dnnèl dn ycl Udfè`yd{ cbu {l~`lqli ycl w{dwduli {|fl yd lf`j`hbyl

i{bny`ha l{{d{u bhi bjkà|`yp( @y cbu kllh q{`yylh yd j`h`j`zl f`yàby`dh& w{d~ìl eflb{ flabf

uybhib{iu nd{ bnnleyli edhi|ey {bycl{ ycbh alhl{bf uybhib{iu& bhi w{djdyl u`jwf`nèby`dh bhi

b~dì |hhleluub{p k|{ilhu(

Wbwl{qd{m [li|ey`dh Bey

Ycl Wbwl{qd{m [li|ey`dh Bey #W[B #99 \(U(E( 5


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7*< #U|hi{p Hdyèlu bhi

[lwd{yu dh Qlffu( Ycl KFJ ù w{dwdu`ha ycby yclul hlq |ulu qd|fi {lwfbel el{yb`h lsùy`ha

|ulu dn Nd{j 52>7*< nd{ qlff*uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu(

DJK cbu bww{d~li ycl |ul dn Nd{j 52>7*< |hil{ edhy{df h|jkl{ 2779*7251& Dhucd{l D`f bhi

Abu Dwl{by`dhu #95 EN[ wb{y 52>7 yd edffley `hnd{jby`dh dh b h|jkl{ dn dwl{by`dhu& `hef|i`ha

udjl qlff*uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu( Dhel ycl KFJ ù b|ycd{`zli yd edffley qlff*uy`j|fby`dh

`hnd{jby`dh `h beed{ibhel q`yc n`hbf`zli hlq uley`dh 52>;(5*5 bhi b hlq edhy{df h|jkl{& ycl

KFJ q`ff {lr|luy {l~ù`dh dn edhy{df h|jkl{ 2779*7251 yd?

Bii ycl hlq qlff*uy`j|fby`dh |ulu bhi k|{ilhu dn Nd{j 52>7*< yd edhy{df h|jkl{ 2779*7251& bhi

[ljd~l ycl lsùy`ha qlff*uy`j|fby`dh |ulu bhi k|{ilhu n{dj ycl lsùy`ha bww{d~bf dnNd{j 52>7*


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;(5*; hlq 95 EN[ 52>;(5*5(

DJK cbu bww{d~li ycl |ul dn Nd{j 52>7*< |hil{ edhy{df h|jkl{ 2779*7251 nd{ ycl dwl{by`dhu

fùyli `h lsùy`ha uley`dh 52>;(5*;( Bu bjlhili& uley`dh 52>;(5*; qd|fi hd fdhal{ `hef|il qlff

uy`j|fby`dh odku #`(l(& hdh{d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha& {d|y`hl n{bey|{`ha& bhi beì`z`ha dh ycl fùy dn

dwl{by`dhu nd{ qcèc w{`d{ bww{d~bf bhi u|kulr|lhy {lwd{yu qd|fi kl {lr|`{li( Dycl{ ebylad{`lu

dn dwl{by`dhu qd|fi {ljb`h u|koley yd ycl `hnd{jby`dh edffley`dh {lr|`{ljlhyu `h uley`dh 52>;(5*

;( Dhel ycl KFJ ù b|ycd{`zli yd edffley qlff*uy`j|fby`dh `hnd{jby`dh |hil{ hlq uley`dh

52>;(5*5 bhi b hlq edhy{df h|jkl{& ycl KFJ q`ff {lr|luy {l~ù`dh dn edhy{df h|jkl{ 2779*7251

kp {ljd~`ha ycl qlff*uy`j|fby`dh k|{ilhu n{dj ycl lsùy`ha bww{d~bf dn Nd{j 52>7*;(5*5 qd|fi {lr|`{l dwl{byd{u yd |ul Nd{j 52>7*< kdyc yd ullm w{`d{ KFJ bww{d~bf

dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu& bhi yd u|kj`y b {lwd{y dh u|kulr|lhy bey|bf qlff uy`j|fby`dh

dwl{by`dhu( @y qd|fi bfud lhed|{bal dwl{byd{u yd |ul Nd{j 52>7*< `n yclp qbhy yd {lr|luy b

~b{`bhel n{dj ycl {lr|`{ljlhyu dn hlq uley`dh 52>;(5*5(

[lr|luy nd{ W{`d{ Bww{d~bf #`(l(& Hdyèl dn @hylhy U|hi{p

Hlq uley`dh 52>;(5*5#k qd|fi {lr|`{l dwl{byd{u yd ullm bhi dkyb`h w{`d{ bww{d~bf kp ycl KFJ

nd{ w{dwduli qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu( U|kjùu`dh dn ycl `hnd{jby`dh& ebffli b Hdyèl dn

@hylhy #HD@ U|hi{p `h ycl w{dwduli {|fl& qd|fi kl {lr|`{li by flbuy 57 ibpu klnd{l ycl ibyl ycl

dwl{byd{ qbhyu yd kla`h qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu( Ycl `hnd{jby`dh yd kl `hef|ili `h ycù

Hdyèl dn @hylhy U|hi{p& bhi ycl {lbudhu nd{ {lr|`{`ha `y& b{l fùyli `h ycl ndffdq`ha ybkfl?


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>7

W{dwduli [la|fby`dh95 EN[

W{dwduli [la|fbyd{p Ylsy [by`dhbfl

52>;(5*5#e#2 Ycl aldfdaèbf hbjlu& b

aldfdaèbf ilue{`wy`dh& bhiycl w{dwduli jlbu|{liilwyc dn ycl ydw bhi ycl

kdyydj dn ycl nd{jby`dh `hydqcèc qlff uy`j|fby`dhnf|ìu b{l yd kl `holeyli(

Ycl KFJ qd|fi |ul ycl

`hnd{jby`dh yd ilyl{j`hlycl w{dwl{y`lu dn ycl {demfbpl{u bhi ycl ycèmhluu dnycl w{di|e`ha nd{jby`dh&bhi ìlhy`np ycl edhn`h`ha{demu bkd~l bhi klfdq ycl

zdhl ycby qd|fi kluy`j|fbyli(

52>;(5*5#e#; Ycl w{dwduli jlbu|{liilwycu #kdyc ydw bhi

kdyydj dn bff dee|{{lhelu

dn |ubkfl qbyl{ bhi yclEljlhy Kdhi Fdau #d{bhdycl{ fda beelwybkfl yd

ycl b|ycd{`zli dnnèl{w{d~`ha ycby ycl dee|{{lheludn |ubkfl qbyl{ cb~l kllhùdfbyli yd w{dyley yclj

n{dj edhybj`hby`dh(

Ycl KFJ qd|fi |ul ycl`hnd{jby`dh yd clfw w{dyley

qbyl{ {lud|{elu(

52>;(5*5#e#5 Ycl w{dwduli jlbu|{liilwyc dn wl{nd{by`dhu d{ ycl

dwlh*cdfl `hyl{~bf& ycl

ud|{el bhi fdeby`dh#u dn yclqbyl{ |uli `h ycluy`j|fby`dh nf|ì d{ y{bilhbjl dn ycl kbul nf|ì #`ndycl{ ycbh qbyl{& ypwl dnw{dwwbhyu& bhi luy`jbyli

w|jw w{luu|{lu(@hnd{jby`dh edhel{h`ha

qbyl{ u|wwfp& u|ec bu {`~l{u&e{llmu& uw{`hau& fbmlu&

wdhiu& bhi qlffu& qcèc

jbp kl ucdqh kp r|b{yl{*r|b{yl{ uley`dh dh b jbw d{wfby& d{ qcèc jbp kl

ilue{`kli `h q{`y`ha( YclHD@ U|hi{p j|uy bfud

ìlhy`np ycl ud|{el& beeluu{d|yl& bhi y{bhuwd{yby`dh

jlycdi nd{ bff qbyl{

Ycl KFJ qd|fi |ul ycl`hnd{jby`dh yd ilyl{j`hl

ycl `jwbeyu buude`byli q`yc

dwl{by`dhu bhi ycl hlli nd{bhp j`yàby`dh bwwfèbkfl ydNlil{bf bhi @hi`bh fbhiu(


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>2

bhyè`wbyli nd{ |ul `huy`j|fby`ha ycl qlff(

52>;(5*5#e#9 B el{y`nèby`dh uàhli kp ycldwl{byd{ ycby ycl w{dwduliy{lbyjlhy nf|ì edjwf`lu

q`yc bff bwwfèbkflwl{j`yy`ha bhi hdyèl{lr|`{ljlhyu bu qlff bu bffbwwfèbkfl Nlil{bf& y{`kbf&

uybyl& bhi fdebf fbqu& {|flu&bhi {la|fby`dhu=

Ycl KFJ qd|fi |ul ycl`hnd{jby`dh yd jbml bh

`hnd{jli ileù`dh dh ycl

w{dwduli qlff uy`j|fby`dh((

52>;(5*5#e#;(5*5#e#> Ycl ndffdq`ha `hnd{jby`dhedhel{h`ha ycl cbhif`ha dn

{led~l{li nf|ìu?#` ycl luy`jbyli ~df|jl dnnf|ì yd kl {led~l{li i|{`ha

nfdq kbem& uqbkk`ha& bhi{led~l{p n{dj w{di|ey`dhnbe`f`yp ~luulfu= #`` Ycl

w{dwduli jlycdiu dncbhif`ha ycl {led~l{li

nf|ìu& `hef|i`ha& k|y hdyf`j`yli yd& w`y {lr|`{ljlhyu&ecljèbf edjwdu`y`dh dn ycl

Ycl KFJ qd|fi |ul ycl`hnd{jby`dh yd lhu|{l ycby

ycl nbe`f`y`lu hllili ydw{deluu d{ edhyb`h ycl

luy`jbyli ~df|jl dn nf|ì

q`ff kl b~b`fbkfl dhfdeby`dh& ycby ycl cbhif`hajlycdiu q`ff bilr|bylfp

lhu|{l w{dyley`dh dn w|kfèclbfyc bhi ubnlyp& bhi ycbyycl KFJ cbu bff hleluub{p

`hnd{jby`dh {lab{i`haiùwdubf dn ecljèbfu |uli&


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>;

nf|ì& w`wlf`hl {lr|`{ljlhyu&cdfi`ha wdhi |ul& {l*|ul nd{dycl{ uy`j|fby`dh bey`~`y`lu&d{ `holey`dh= bhi #``` Yclw{dwduli iùwdubf jlycdi

dn ycl {led~l{li nf|ìu&`hef|i`ha& k|y hdy f`j`yli yd&`holey`dh& cb|f`ha kp y{|em&d{ y{bhuwd{y`ha kp w`wlf`hl(

`h ycl l~lhy `y ù hllili ydw{dyley ycl lh~`{dhjlhy bhi

c|jbh clbfyc bhi ubnlypbhi yd w{l~lhy |hhleluub{pd{ |hi|l ila{biby`dh dn ycl

w|kfè fbhiu(

52>;(5*5#e#1 Bii`y`dhbf `hnd{jby`dh& bu{lr|luyli kp ycl b|ycd{`zli

dnnèl{(

Ycl `hnd{jby`dh qd|fibffdq ycl KFJ yd jbml bh`hnd{jli ileù`dh bkd|y yclw{dwduli qlff uy`j|fby`dh `nuwle`bf e`{e|juybhelu lsùy(

U|kulr|lhy [lwd{y #`(l(& U|kulr|lhy [lwd{y U|hi{p Hdyèl

Q`yc`h 57 ibpu bnyl{ ycl edjwfly`dh dn qlff uy`j|fby`dh dwl{by`dhu& uley`dh 52>;(5*5#n dn ycl

w{dwduli {|fl qd|fi {lr|`{l dwl{byd{u yd u|kj`y b U|kulr|lhy [lwd{y U|hi{p Hdyèl dh Nd{j

52>7*< #U|hi{p Hdyèlu bhi [lwd{y dh Qlffu( Ycl `hnd{jby`dh yd kl `hef|ili `h ycù

U|kulr|lhy [lwd{y& bhi ycl {lbudhu nd{ {lr|`{`ha

hydraulic fracturing proposed rule on federal and indian land by the bureau of land management,...

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