hybrid loss of hybrid vigor resulting from inbreeding
TRANSCRIPT
hybrid Loss of hybrid vigor resulting from inbreeding
R Plasmid
- self replicating
- with genes for antibiotic resistance
Main circular DNA
The bacterium is broken to release its plasmids
Isolate the plasmids by centrifugation
Restriction enzyme added
With genes for resistance of ...
Antibiotic 2
Antibiotic 1
TTGAAACT
Restriction enzyme makes a staggered cut at specific base sequence on plasmid
The cut is made within the gene for antibiotic 2 resistance
Chromosome with the required gene Cut with the same
restriction enzyme
TTGA AACT
Ligase is added to anneal two pieces of DNA
The foreign gene is now incorporated into the plasmid
Another bacterium is induced to take up the plasmid
How can we distinguish those bacteria which have taken up the plasmid from those haven’t ?
culture the bacteria on a medium containing antibiotics 1 and 2
Culture the bacteria on agar with antibiotic 1
AB
C
F D
E
Colonies of bacteria which have taken up the antibiotic 1 resistance gene
Filter paper press on the agar to produce replica
The filter paper press on another agar with both antibiotics 1 and 2
Result :
AB
C
F DColony E is missing. That is bacteria in this colony have no resistance to antibiotic 2
AB
C
F D
E
Bacteria in colony E have the required gene . Bacteria in colony E is culture for the gene product.
Repressor detached from the operator gene transcription occurs to produce enzyme ( the
structural gene is turned on )
No lactose supplied
When lactose supplied
Regulator gene operator gene structural gene
ThalassaemiaThalassaemia
Incomplete Dominance
What is Thalassaemia ?What is Thalassaemia ?
What is Thalassaemia minor ?
What is Thalassaemia minor ?
What is Thalassaemia major ?
What is Thalassaemia major ?
The Chances The Chances of a Child of a Child
Inheriting the Inheriting the DiseaseDisease
LegendLegendPerson with no Thalassaemia
Person with Thalassaemia minor
Person with Thalassaemia major
Ethnic GroupsEthnic GroupsMore common countries:More common countries:
•CyprusCyprus•GreeceGreece
•ItalyItaly•TurkeyTurkey•MaltaMalta•EgyptEgypt
•LebanonLebanon•people from the Middle Eastpeople from the Middle East
•Indian sub-continentsIndian sub-continents•South East AsiaSouth East Asia
Current options Current options for Treatment offor Treatment ofThalassaemia Thalassaemia
as as well as the well as the
Future optionsFuture options
Issues that arise from the diseaseIssues that arise from the disease
Current Issues :Current Issues :
•abortionabortion•blood transfusionsblood transfusions•counselingcounseling•drug therapydrug therapy•testingtesting
Future Issues:Future Issues:
Bone Marrow TherapyBone Marrow TherapyGene TherapyGene Therapy
