Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 1: Ocean TrenchesDescribe the location of ocean trenches (2 marks)

Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 1: Do a research on ocean trenches. Log on to youtube. Watch a view videos on ‘formation of ocean trenches’. See clip below. Then answer the questions below: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p_L1bvcvvWs

1. What are ocean trenches? (2 marks)2. Explain the formation of ocean trenches. You should refer to

plate tectonics. (4 marks)3. Where is the ocean trench on the diagram below A, B or C? (1

mark)

Volcanoes

Continental plateOceanic plate

OceanB

A

C

Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 2: Comparing Two VolcanoesTASK: Describe how the effects of a volcano in a richer area of the world are different from the effects of a volcano in a poorer area of the world. Use the information below to help you. (6 marks)

Mt. St. Helens, USA (MEDC)• Erupted May 18, 1980• 61 deaths caused mainly by the release of

poisonous gas• Logging camps were mainly destroyed, not

settlements.• Located in a largely countryside area of

Washington.• Nearest town to the volcano was 35 km. • Most settlements were over 50 km away.• Small settlements were located over 35

km from volcano zone of total destruction• About 250km² of forest was destroyed. • Communication and utility services were

badly affected. • Farm land was affected and lost about

12% of their total crop.

Mt. Pinatubo, The Philippines (LEDC)• Erupted 1991• Located 100km of Manila, near to the US

Clark Air Base and Angeles City. • Over 25 000 lived at the Air Base and 250

000 people lived in Angeles City. • About 30 000 people lived in small

farming villages on Pinatubo’s slopes• 700 people died, 184 injured.• About 4000km² of forest was affected.• Emitted 20 million tonnes of sulphuric

dioxide. • Communication and utility services were

badly affected• Over 250 000 people lost their jobs as a

result of the eruption.

Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 3: TASK: Below is a diagram of the Yellowstone super volcano. Answer the questions about it.

What is volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of a super volcano? (2 marks)

What is a hotspot of a super volcano? (2 marks)

What is the caldera of a super volcano? (2 marks)

What is a super volcano? (2 marks)

Caldera

Hot spot (below the earth’s crust)

Magma chamber (on top of the hot spot)

Super volcano diagram

Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 4: Describe the likely effects of a super volcano eruption (6 marks). Watch the video on Yellowstone below to help you.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvgKhI-10AM

Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 5: With the help of a diagram(s), explain the formation of young fold mountains. (8 marks)

Keywords to use:• Anticline• Synclines• Buckle• Rocks on sea bed

Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 6: Study Figure 1 on the insert (see below), photographs of how people use fold mountains. Describe how people are using fold mountains in the photographs. (6 marks)

Figure 1

Cingino dam in the Italian Alps

Dwight Sutherland 2013

HW 7: Fold mountain areas suffer from limited communications, steep slopes and poor soils. Describe how people have coped with one or more of these problems. (4 marks)

Dwight Sutherland 2013

Richter Scale

Richter scale measures the strength of the earthquake.

TASK: Outline how the Richter scale is used to measure earthquakes. (3 marks)

Dwight Sutherland 2013

TASK: Use the mercalli scale below to give a rating for the earthquakes shown in each image below. Give reasons for your answer. (3 marks for each picture)

Mercalli scale measures how the earthquake feels to humans.

Dwight Sutherland 2013

Describe how the effects of an earthquake in a richer area of the world are different from the effects of an earthquake in a poorer area of the world. (6 marks)

Dwight Sutherland 2013

TASK: Label step by step on the diagram how the Japan tsunami was formed. Label your steps 1, 2, 3 etc. Use the statements below to help you.

• The earthquake causes one side of the ocean floor is pushed upwards above the other side.

• The heavier Pacific Plate sinks below the Eurasian plate.

• As the ocean floor pushes upward it forces up the ocean/sea forming large waves which is a tsunami.

• The Eurasian plate and the Pacific plate collides.

• Where the Pacific plate sinks beneath the Eurasian plate an earthquake happens.

Dwight Sutherland 2013

TASK: Finish the sentences below. The numbers in green represent the allocated marks.

1. Attrition along a coast is (2)2. The coastline is (1)3. Waves are formed by (2)4. Hydraulic pressure happens when (2)5. Mass movement is the name given to (1)6. Weathering and erosion are coastal processes. They are different

because (2) 7. By the way coastal processes are (1)8. When coastal material are being transported this means that they are (2)9. Deposition is the final stage of coastal processes. This is because in

deposition sediments are (1)10. For chemical weathering to happen rocks have to be (2) 11. Biological weathering occurs when (2)12. On the other hand mechanical (physical) weathering occurs when (2)

Dwight Sutherland 2013

TASK: Finish the sentences below. The numbers in green represent the allocated marks.

1. Freeze-thaw weathering is a type of weathering that happens in cold places when (3)

2. The opposite of freeze-thaw weathering is exfoliation. This happens in hot places when (3)

3. Onion skin peeling weathering is called onion peel weathering because (2)4. Corrasion or abrasion is a form of (1) 5. Corrosion or solution is when waves cause (2) 6. Slumping and landslide are two form s of mass movement. The difference

between them is that (3)7. Soil creep and mud flow are very similar. They both involve (2)

They are different because 8. In rockfall rocks from a cliff (1)9. All of these processes are sub-aerial processes which means (1)10. Two things that can speed up sub-aerial processes are deforestation and

intense farming. Deforestation is Intense farming is (2)

Dwight Sutherland 2013

Label the bay (1 mark)

Dwight Sutherland 2013

Label the spit (1 mark)