hungarian academy of sciences norms and standards in international research norbert kroo hungarian...
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HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
NORMS AND STANDARDS IN INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH
NORBERT KROO
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
BUDAPEST, 12. 06.03
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
SIGNIFICANCE OF STANDARDIZATION
AUDIO AND VIDEO CASETES (AS AN EXAMPLE)
BUT NOMENCLATURE, SYMBOLS, TERMINOLOGY, METHO-
DOLOGY, ETC. IN ANY FIELD ARE ALSO CRITICAL
MANUFACTURING STANDARDS (E.G. DIN)
SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
FOOD
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
CHEMICALS, ETC.
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
SIGNIFICANCE OF STANDARDIZATION (2)
ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING
DEFINING A PUBLICATION
CITATION
PEER REVIEW
FULL AND OPEN ACCESS VS. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
RIGHTS
PRIVACY
ARCHIVING
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
SIGNIFICANCE OF STANDADIZATION (3)
ETHICAL NORMS (E.G. IN DIFFERENT R&D FIELDS)
NUCLEAR ISSUES
BIOLOGICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES
SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
RESEARCH
FRASCATI MANUAL (OECD, 1993)
NORMS AND STANDARDS OF QUALITY
STANDARDIZED PRACTICE OF THE EVALUATION
OF R&D ACTIVITY
THE USE OF STATISTICAL DATA (USEFUL INSTRUMENT)
R&D STATISTICAL DATA AS INDICATORS OF
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
BUT THESE DATA ALONE ARE NOT ENOUGH
STUDIED IN CONTEXT
COSTS OF SOFTWARE, TRAINING, MANAGEMENT
RESEARCH TRAINING PART OF TECHNICAL TR.
CORRELATION WITH ECONOMICAL DATA
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
MEASUREMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES
(CANBERRA MANUAL, 1999)
THE COMBINATION OF S&T WITH HUMAN POTENTIAL
(KEY TO ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT
OF THE ENVIRONMENT)
SPECIAL WORKFORCE: HUMAN POTENTIAL OF S&T
LONG TIME NEEDED FOR EDUCATION , TRAINING. COSTLY.
FOR PROPER BALANCE: GOOD STATISTICAL DATA, BOTH ON
NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LEVEL
USERS: RESEARCH, PRIVATE (INDUSTRY), GOVERNANCE
STANDARDIZED DEFINITIONS, DATA COLLECTION AND USE
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
R&D AS A COMPETITIVE FIELD
DRIVEN IN CO-OPERATION
CRITICAL SIZE
COSTS
ACCELERATING INNOVATION PROCESS
MEASURED ON GLOBAL SCALE
BENCHMARKING
CONTINUOUS COMPARISON WITH BEST PRACTICES
QUALITY ASSURANCE
DRIVING FORCE OF EXCELLENCE (ON GLOBAL SCALE)
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
THE EUROPEAN SITUATION
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
NEGATIVE TRADE BALANCE (IN HIGH TECH. BUT IN
„CLASSICAL” PRODUCTS TOO)
BASIC RESEARCH SATISFACTORY BUT BEHIND THE US
APPLICATIONS: SLOW
FRAMEWORK PROGRAMMES
LOW LEVEL OF R&D SPENDING (90 BN EURO DEFICIT)
INFORMATICS (HIGH COSTS, GEANT)
LISBON (ERA)
BARCELONA (3%, ERC)
DISCUSSION FORA (ESF, EURAB, ERCEG)
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
HOW TO DO THINGS BETTER?
COMPARISON WITH THE US? HOW?
RESPONSIBILITY (PERSONAL, INSTITUTIONAL, SCIENTIFIC)
POLITICAL DECISIONS ON SCIENCE
COMMON EUROPEAN SCIENCE POLICY
PROMOTION OF SCIENTIFIC CULTURE
FREEDOM OF RESEARCH
DECISIONS HAVE TO BE BASED ON COMMON NORMS AND STANDARDS
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
THE HUNGARIAN SITUATION (IN SHORT)
SPENDING ON R&D
ILLUSTRATIVE DATA ON THE COSTS OF RESEARCH
THE SHARE FROM THE CITATIONS IN THE WORLD
THE KNOWLEDGE BASEDNESS OF THE ECONOMY
SOME BENCHMARKING
R&D Expenses (% of the GDP)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Hungary
EU
USA
Japan
TEMPORAL DEPENDENCE OF R&D SPENDING IN HUNGARY AND OTHERS
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
SHARE IN THE WORLD POPULATION: 0.17%
Knowledge based economies ranked by Finantial Times
52
44
40
38
33
31
29
29
28
27
27
26
20
19
16
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Switzerland
Sweden
USA
Ireland
Netherlands
Hungary
Belgium
Canada
United Kingdom
Finland
South Korea
Germany
Japan
Australia
Luxembourg
Source: European Innovation Scoreboard 2002
0
20
40
60
80
100New S&E grads
Population with 3rd education
Public R&D/GDP
Business R&D/GDP
High-tech venture capital/GDP
Total number of researchers(FTE)/population
S&T INDICATORS OF HUNGARY (2001 DATA. EU MEAN=100%)
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
EXPERIENCE IN EVALUATION
BOTH ON INSTITUTIONAL AND INDIVIDUAL LEVELS
DATABASE
PERMANENT DEBATES
EVALUATION BASED ON A DOZEN PARAMETERS
PUBLICATIONS, CITATIONS (IMPACT FACTORS),
GRANTS (DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL), TRAINING,
EDUCATION, SERVICE ACTIVITY, PATENTS, CONTRACT
INCOME, ETC.
HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES