human lottery - genetic testing
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ENVIRONMENT MAKES A DIFFERENCE
• Information inherited from parents affects almost all of our features (the way we look).
• However our environment makes a difference as most features we have can be linked or traced to the environment we live in.
MAKING THE DIFFERENCE – IS IT PARENTS OR THE ENVIRONMENT?
Parents making the difference
Environment making the difference
Height (Tall or Short) Darker skin (more time in the sun)
Natural Eye colour Fat, skinny or slim
Natural Hair colour Artificial eye colour
Skin colour Artificial hair colour
YOUR TASK: Suggest three more examples for each column in the table. Your teacher will tell
you if they are correct or not. WELL DONE
HUMAN INFORMATION BANKWhat is human information bank all about?
Information about you and me is secretly stored somewhere in the human bank.
Bank designed biologically by nature to Information about your
• Skin colour• Hair colour
• Height• Finger length • Size or weight
• Finger print
IS THE SAFEST BANK YOU CAN EVER IMAGINE – TRUE OR FALSE?
ARE YOU A LIVING ORGANISM?
This question was used as a starter in one of my lessons. The response? Shockingly unbelievable
Yes were asked to move to the right hand side of the class. 85 % was YES
No were asked to move to the left hand side of the class. 15 % was NO
What NEXT? I asked the following questions
Do you eat? Have you seen any observable
difference in your height 4 ago and now ?
Do you respond to changes within and around you?
Do you toilet? Do you move from place to place?
At this point just one student was left on the other side of the class.
THEN……..
MRS GREN - RECAPPED
Living organisms are plants and animals. Before we can call something a living organism it must be able to meet 7 special criteria. Some people use the word MRS GREN to help them remember the 7 characteristics
A HOUSE INSIDE A HOUSE - CELLS
We as living organisms are made up of cells - except for germs like viruses and bacteria, just about every other
living thing on Earth is made of cells.
This is probably why cells are called the building blocks of life.
CELLS AND TYPES
Some human somatic cells are frequently renewed or replaced by new ones.
Other cells are rarely duplicated.Examples of Cells
Hair cells, skin cells, and finger nails cells are replaced constantly and at a very rapid rate throughout our live time.
CELLS – ARE THEY SPECIAL
Cells work to keep us healthy and alive – as soon as they wear out the are replaced by new one. This is most noticeable with our skin.
WHAT IS IN YOUR CELL?• Your cell is made up of nucleus
• Inside the nucleus are threadlike structures called chromosomes• Inside the chromosomes are
thousands of genes.
Match cell types with their purpose
Type of cellstomach cells carrying oxygen round our
body
bone cells Thinking faculty and processes
muscle Helps to shape to our body
brain cells contracting to move body parts
blood cells Helping to digest the food we eat
Purpose of cell
YOUR TASK: To re-arrange the above
Is the Human information Bank?
The GENES The gene is the safe deposit box.It is the control centre and
controls things like how we develop• Our eye colour, Height, weight or size, skin colour, hair colour,
dimples, finger length…. etc
QUICK TASK (2 MINUTES)
Summary of cell parts1. Write the following cell parts in order
starting with the smallest
Gene, nucleus, chromosomes, cell
2. Explain how the genes control what the cell does from time to
time.
THREADLIKE STRUCTURES - CHROMOSOMES
What are chromosomes?Chromosomes are the packaging for our bodies
genetic material (known as DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid).
DNA carries a specific code that gives instructions to our body on how to grow,
develop and function. These instructions are organized into units
called genes.
ALLELES – A FRIEND YOU SHOULD KNOW
Most of the features we have are affected by more than one gene.
What are ALLELES?
Alternative forms of a genetic characteristic.
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene in a chromosome, caused by a difference in the sequence of DNA.
THE HUMAN LOTTERY
This is best explained with examples.
A gene which controls eye colour in humans may have two alternative forms – an allele that can produce blue
eyes, and an allele that produces brown eyes.
THE HUMAN LOTTERY PART 2
YOUR TASK STAYING WITH THE ALLES
Use the diagram above to work out the chances of you having a BROWN or BLUE
eyes
YOUR TASK STAYING WITH THE ALLES
Use the diagram below to work out the chances of Michael inheriting
Huntington’s disorder
YOUR TASK STAYING WITH THE ALLES
Use the diagram below to work out the chances of Michael inheriting Cystic
Fibrosis disorder
CYSTIC FIBROSIS
1. Can you catch cystic fibrosis (CF)?2. Is it a genetic disorder? 3. What is a genetic disorder?4. How examples of genetic disorder
can you list in your science book?5. Most people with CF can’t have
children- why?6. How come babies with CF are
usually born to healthy parents?
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