human immortality and pre-existence - mctaggart

8/3/2019 Human Immortality and Pre-Existence - McTaggart

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Cfh/ af xb`t ulzp xblazp/ xbl lrxlzfco dc|tltae coo glfxco lulfxt ha fax zltlgjol xbatllulfxt& ]blf @ tll c t~blzl ae zlh'bax `zaf@ bcul tlftcxàft ae eazg/ tlftcxàft ae daoa|z/cfh "è @ cg flcz lfa|mb) c ello`fm ae ~c`f&Fa} xbl azh`fczp xblazp ae gcxxlz gcilt xblgcxxlz xbl dc|tl ae xbl tlftcxàft ae daoa|zcfh ae xbl ello`fm ae ~c`f/ ct g|db ct ae xbltlftcxàft ae eazg& Plx `x hlf`lt xbcx xblgcxxlz `t zlh az ~c`fe|o& Blzl/ xblzleazl/ `tcf lrxlzfco dc|tl ae glfxco lulfxt }b`db haltfax zltlgjol xblg& @x `t xblzleazl `g~att`jolxa ecoo jcdi af xbl ~z`fd`~ol/ xbcx xbl lrxlzfcodc|tl ae glfxco lulfxt co}Vcpt zltlgjolt xblg&Cfh }bcx axblz ~z`fd`~ol bcul }l xa k|txèp|t `f ctdz`j`fm xbl ~z`gczp s|co`x`lt xa xbllrxlzfco dc|tlt ae xbl tlftcxàft 1V

V @x g|tx jl fax`dlh xbcx xbl zltlgjocfdl }b`db xblxblazp cxxz`j|xlt xa xbl tlftcxàft cfh xbl`z lrxlzfco


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4: B\GCF @GGAZXCO@XPXbl h`tx`fdxàf jlx}llf xbl ~z`gczp cfh

tldafhczp s|cbx`lt zlfhlzt xbl xblazp ae xbllr`txlfdl ae gcxxlz oltt xlfcjol xbcf `x }a|ohaxblz}`tl jl& @f xbl e`ztx ~ocdl/ xblzl `t xbl`fdaft`txlfdp/ }b`db }l bcul k|tx fax`dlh/ aecttlzx`fm xbcx }l dcf czm|l ezag tagl ae a|ztlftcxàft xa c zltlgjocfdl `f xbl`z dc|tlt/cfh fax ezag axblzt& @e a|z ~lzdl~xàf ae xbltldafhczp s|co`x`lt ucz`lt ezag x`gl xa x`gl/cfh ezag `fhù`h|co xa `fhù`h|co/ ta cota halta|z ~lzdl~xàf ae xbl ~z`gczp s|co`x`lt& @ea|z ~lzdl~xàf ae xbl ~z`gczp s|co`x`lt lrb`j`xtc dlzxc`f |fèazg`xp ezag x`gl xa x`gl/ cfhezag `fhù`h|co xa `fhù`h|co/ ta cota halt a|z~lzdl~xàf ae xbl tldafhczp s|co`x`lt&Cfh/ `f xbl tldafh ~ocdl/ gcxxlz/ }bòl lr'

dc|tlt `t ulzp o`g`xlh& Xbl dc|tlt czl fax tlftcxàft/faz czl xbl`z s|co`x`lt tlftcxàft& Coo xbcx dcf jl tc`h`t xbcx/ `f tagl }cp fax xaa lctp xa hle`fl/ dlzxc`f ~zl'h`dcxlt ae xbl dc|tlt zltlgjol xbl dafxlfx ae tagl aexbl tlftcxàft }b`db czl xbl leeldxt ae xbatl dc|tlt&J|x `x `t fax fldlttczp eaz gp czm|glfx xa eaooa} a|xxbl cgj`m|`x`lt cfh hèe`d|ox`lt }b`db eaooa} ezag xb`tlocjazcxl dagj`fcxàf ae t`gòcz`xp cfh hèelzlfdl jl'x}llf tlftcxàft cfh gcxxlz&


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B\GCF @GGAZXCO@XP 44xlfhlh cfh `g~lflxzcjol/ `t hltx`x|xl jaxb aedaoa|z cfh ae bczhfltt/ t`fdl xbltl czl tldaf'hczp s|co`x`lt& Fa} xbl tlftcxàft ae lrxlf'tàf cfh `g~lflxzcjò`xp afop dagl xa |t jpt`mbx cfh xa|db& ]blf xblp dagl jp t`mbxxblp czl `fucz`cjop dafka`flh }`xb tlftcxàftae daoa|z/ }blf xblp dagl jp xa|db xblp czl`fucz`cjop dafka`flh }`xb tlftcxàft ae bczh'fltt& ]l dcffax lulf `gcm`fl xa a|ztloultc tlftcxàf }b`db mùlt lrxlftàf }`xba|xmù`fm l`xblz daoa|z az bczhfltt&Xb|t xbl xblazp }b`db gcilt xbl lrxlzfcodc|tlt ae a|z tlftcxàft gcxlz`co zlcdblt cdo`gcr ae `fdaft`txlfdp& @xt afl hlelfdl }ctxbl ~z`fd`~ol xbcx xbl dc|tlt ae xbl tlftcxàftg|tx zltlgjol xbl tlftcxàft xblp dc|tl& J|xfa} `x x|zft a|x xbcx xbcx }b`db xbl dc|tltczl xa zltlgjol `t c glzl cjtxzcdxàf ezag a|ztlftcxàft/ c fcilh lrxlftàf/ }b`db `t ta eczezag jl`fm c tlftcxàf }b`db }l lr~lz`lfdl/xbcx }l dcffax lulf `gcm`fl }bcx t|db ctlftcxàf }a|oh jl oìl&

@t `x ~att`jol xa cua`h xb`t `fdaft`txlfdp jp4


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48 B\GCF @GGAZXCO@XPhza~~`fm xbl h`tx`fdxàf jlx}llf ~z`gczp cfhtldafhczp s|co`x`lt 1 Tbcoo }l tcp xbcx gcxxlzbct fax afop tbc~l/ t`{l/ ~at`xàf/ gaxàf/ cfh`g~lflxzcjò`xp/ j|x cota daoa|z/ bczhfltt/tgloo/ cfh xctxl 1 Xb`t u`l} dlzxc`fop cua`httagl ae xbl ajkldxàft xa xbl gazl azh`fczpxblazp& @x halt fax gcil cf czj`xzczp cfhmzcx|`xa|t hèelzlfdl `f xbl xzlcxglfx ae x}atlxt ae s|co`x`lt& Cfh `x mùlt gcxxlz c fcx|zlfax |xxlzop |foìl a|z lr~lz`lfdl/ cfh fax|xxlzop |f`gcm`fcjol jp |t&

J|x af xbl axblz bcfh xbl xblazp }a|oh faoafmlz bcul xbl t|~~azx ae ~bpt`dco td`lfdl&Eaz xbcx td`lfdl xzlcxt gcxxlz ct hlua`h ae xbltldafhczp s|co`x`lt/ cfh `x lfhlcua|zt xa tba}xbcx xbl ~z`gczp s|co`x`lt ae gcxxlz/ |fhlzdlzxc`f d`zd|gtxcfdlt/ lrd`xl `f |t xbl tlftc'xàft ae xbl tldafhczp s|co`x`lt&

Ae da|ztl xbl `fhl~lfhlfx lr`txlfdl cfh|ox`gcxl fcx|zl ae gcxxlz `t c s|ltxàf eazglxc~bpt`dt cfh fax eaz td`lfdl& Cfh xblzl'eazl c glxc~bpt`dco xblazp xbcx gcxxlz ~at'tltVtlt xbl tldafhczp s|co`x`lt ct }loo ct xbl


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B\GCF @GGAZXCO@XP 44hèelzlfx/ j|x jldc|tl `x ~zault xbcx xbl t|j'txcfdl `t xbl tcgl&]l gcp tcp xblf xbcx/ `f t~`xl ae xbl oattae glgazp/ `x `t xbl tcgl ~lztaf }ba Bult `fxbl t|ddlttùl oùlt& J|x bct t|db `ggaz'xco`xp ct xb`t cfp uco|l eaz xbl ~lztaf }ba `t`ggazxco 1

@ ha fax ~za~atl xa h`td|tt }blxblz cfp`ggazxco`xp bct cfp uco|l& Tagl ~la~olgc`fxc`f xbcx coo b|gcf lr`txlfdl `t luò/ba}lulz ecua|zcjol xbl dafh`xàft& Axblztzlmczh lr`txlfdl ct ae t|db uco|l xbcx xblp}a|oh jl ~zl~czlh xa dbaatl bloo zcxblz xbcfcff`bòcxàf& Cgafm xbatl }ba hèelz olttuàolfxop/ tagl zlmczh xbl oèl ae xbl culzcmlgcf af lczxb cx ~zltlfx ct ae ~at`xùl uco|l/}bòl axblzt }òo afop zlmczh `x ct uco|cjolè `x `t xbl fldlttczp ~zl~czcxàf eaz c jlxxlzoèl }b`db `t xa eaooa}& / T|db hèelzlfdlt ct xaxbl uco|l ae oèl g|tx ajuà|top ~zah|dl mzlcxhèelzlfdlt ct xa xbl uco|l ae `xt |flfh`fm~zaoafmcxàf& Coo xbcx @ tbcoo gc`fxc`f blzl`t xbcx xbl oatt ae glgazp fllh fax zlfhlz


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3>8 B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDL`ggazxco`xp uco|loltt è `x }a|oh fax bcul jllfuco|loltt }`xba|x xbl oatt ae glgazp&

@e lr`txlfdl jlpafh xbl ~zltlfx oèl `t faxlr~ldxlh xa `g~zaul/ cfh plx `ggazxco`xp `tzlmczhlh ct uco|cjol/ `x g|tx jl jldc|tl c oèlfa jlxxlz xbcf xb`t `t oaailh af ct ~attltt`fmuco|l& Fa} `x `t dlzxc`f xbcx `f xb`t oèl }lzlglgjlz fa ~zluà|t oùlt/ }blxblz `x jljldc|tl }l bcul eazmaxxlf xblg/ az jldc|tlxblzl bcul jllf fafl xa zlglgjlz& Cfh èxb`t oèl bct uco|l }`xba|x cfp glgazp jlpafh`xtloe/ }bp tba|oh fax e|x|zl oùlt bcul uco|l}`xba|x glgazp jlpafh xblgtloult 1 @f xbcxdctl c gcf }òo jl jlxxlz aee eaz b`t `ggaz'xco`xp/ t`fdl `x }òo mùl b`g cf |fo`g`xlhcga|fx ae uco|cjol lr`txlfdl/ `ftxlch ae co`g`xlh cga|fx& Cfh c gcf }ba jlo`lulhxbcx bl bch xb`t `ggazxco`xp }a|oh bcul cgazl hlt`zcjol lr~ldxcxàf ae xbl e|x|zl xbcfè bl h`h fax jlo`lul `x& @e/ `fhllh/ c gcftba|oh tcp xbcx bl xcilt fa gazl `fxlzltx `fb`t a}f ecxl/ cexlz glgazp ae b`t ~zltlfx oèlbch mafl/ xbcf bl }a|oh xcil `f xbl ecxl ae


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B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDL 3>=gcp xloo |t xbcx ~la~ol

}`xb }bag }l czlfa} zlocxlh czl xbl ~la~ol }bag }l bculoaulh `f xbl ~ctx/ cfh xb`t gcp lfxlz ct cflolglfx `fxa a|z ~zltlfx oaul ae xblg&Xbl uco|l ae glgazp/ xblf/ `t xbcx jp `xt

glcft xbl ~ctx gcp tlzul xbl }`thag/ xblu`zx|l/ cfh xbl oaul ae xbl ~zltlfx& @e xbl~ctx da|oh blo~ xbl ~zltlfx `f c oìl gcfflz}`xba|x xbl c`h ae glgazp/ xbl cjtlfdl aeglgazp fllh fax hltxzap xbl dbcfdl ae cf`g~zaulglfx t~zlch`fm aulz gcfp oùlt&

Olx |t daft`hlz }`thag e`ztx& Dcf }l jl}`tlz jp zlctaf ae taglxb`fm }b`db }l bculeazmaxxlf 1 \fs|ltxàfcjop }l dcf& ]`thag`t fax glzlop/ az db`leop/ cgcttlh ecdxt/ az lulfzldazhlh k|hmlglfxt& @x hl~lfht ~z`gczòpaf c g`fh s|coè`lh xa hlco }`xb ecdxt/ cfhxa eazg k|hmlglfxt& Fa} xbl cds|`t`xàf aeifa}olhml cfh lr~lz`lfdl/ è }`tlop dafh|dxlh/gcp txzlfmxblf xbl g`fh& Ae xbcx }l bcult|ee`d`lfx lu`hlfdl `f xb`t oèl& Cfh ta c gcf}ba h`lt cexlz cds|`z`fm ifa}olhmlcfh cooglf cds|`zl taglg`mbx lfxlz b`t fl} oèl/


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à2 B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDLhl~zùlh `fhllh ae b`t ifa}olhml/ j|x faxhl~zùlh ae xbl `fdzlctlh txzlfmxb cfh hlb'dcdp ae g`fh }b`db bl bch mc`flh `f cds|`z`fmxbl ifa}olhml& Cfh/ è ta/ bl }òo jl }`tlz `fxbl tldafh oèl jldc|tl ae }bcx bct bc~~lflh`f xbl e`ztx&Ae da|ztl bl oatlt taglxb`fm `f oat`fm xbl

cdx|co ifa}olhml& J|x `x `t t|ee`d`lfx è blhalt fax oatl coo& Gatx ~zamzltt `t oìl xblchucfdl ae c x`hl/ }batl }cult chucfdl cfhzlxzlcx/ j|x ha fax zlxzlcx ct ecz ct xblpchucfdlh& Cfh `t fax lulf xb`t oatt zlcoopc mc`f 1 Eaz xbl glzl cdd|g|ocxàf ae ifa}'olhml/ è glgazp flulz dlctlh/ }a|oh taafjldagl aulz}blog`fm/ cfh }aztl xbcf |tloltt&]bcx jlxxlz ecxl da|oh }l }`tb eaz xbcf xaolcul t|db cdd|g|ocxàft jlb`fh |t/ ~zltlzu`fmxbl`z mzlcxltx uco|l `f xbl glfxco ecd|ox`lt}b`db bcul jllf txzlfmxblflh jp xbl`zcds|`t`xàf 1]`xb u`zx|l xbl ~a`fx `t ~lzbc~t dolczlz&Eaz xbl glgazp ae gazco lr~lz`lfdlt `t ae fauco|l xa u`zx|l lrdl~x `f ta ecz ct `x blo~t xa


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B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDL 3>0eazg xbl gazco dbczcdxlz/ cfh/ è xb`t `t hafl/xbl oatt ae xbl glgazp }a|oh jl fa oatt xau`zx|l& Fa} }l dcffax ha|jx xbcx c dbczcdxlzgcp zlgc`f hlxlzg`flh jp cf lulfx }b`dbbct jllf eazmaxxlf& @ bcul eazmaxxlf xblmzlcxlz f|gjlz ae xbl maah cfh luò cdxt}b`db @ bcul hafl `f gp ~zltlfx oèl& Cfhplx lcdb g|tx bcul olex c xzcdl af gp dbcz'cdxlz& Cfh ta c gcf gcp dczzp aulz `fxa b`tflrx oèl xbl h`t~at`xàft cfh xlfhlfd`lt }b`dbbl bct mc`flh jp xbl gazco dafxltxt ae xb`toèl/ cfh xbl uco|l ae xbatl lr~lz`lfdlt }òofax bcul jllf hltxzaplh jp xbl hlcxb }b`dbbct hltxzaplh xbl glgazp ae xblg&

Xblzl zlgc`ft oaul& Xbl ~zajolg blzl `tgazl `g~azxcfx/ è/ ct @ jlo`lul/ `x `t `f oaul/cfh `f faxb`fm lotl/ xbcx }l e`fh fax afop xblt|~zlgl uco|l ae oèl/ j|x cota xbl t|~zlglzlco`xp ae oèl/ cfh/ `fhllh/ ae xbl |fùlztl&Xbl mc`f }b`db xbl glgazp ae xbl ~ctx mùlt|t blzl `t xbcx xbl glgazp ae ~ctx oaul eazcfp ~lztaf dcf txzlfmxblf a|z ~zltlfx oaul aeb`g& Cfh xb`t `t }bcx g|tx jl ~zltlzulh/ è


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fa B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDLxbl uco|l ae ~ctx oaul `t fax xa jl oatx& Xblifa}olhml }l cds|`zl/ cfh xbl leeazxt }b`db}l gcil/ czl h`zldxlh xa lfht fax xblgtloult&J|x oaul bct fa lfh j|x `xtloe& @e `x bct mafl/`x blo~t |t o`xxol xbcx }l ill~ cfpxb`fm `x bctjza|mbx |t&J|x ~ctx ba|zt ae oaul czl ~ctx/ }blxblz}l zlglgjlz xblg az fax& Plx }l ha faxda|fx xbl`z uco|l xa jl oatx/ t`fdl xbl`z zlglg'jzcfdl gcilt oaul `f xbl ~zltlfx txzafmlzcfh hll~lz& Fa} }l ifa} xbcx ~zltlfx oauldcf cota jl txzafmlz cfh hll~lz jldc|tl ae~ctx oaul }b`db }l bcul eazmaxxlf& G|db bctjllf eazmaxxlf `f cfp ez`lfhtb`~ }b`db bctoctxlh eaz tlulzco plczt }`xb`f xbl o`g`xt aec t`fmol oèlgcfp dafe`hlfdlt/ gcfp tlzu`dlt/gcfp ba|zt ae bc~~`fltt cfh tazza}& J|xxblp bcul fax ~cttlh c}cp }`xba|x olcu`fmxbl`z gczi af xbl ~zltlfx& Xblp dafxz`j|xl/xba|mb xblp czl eazmaxxlf/ xa xbl ~zltlfx oaul}b`db `t fax eazmaxxlf& @f xbl tcgl }cp/ èxbl }baol glgazp ae xbl oaul ae c oèl `tt}l~x c}cp cx hlcxb/ `xt uco|l `c fax oatx è xbl


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B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDL ```tcgl oaul `t txzafmlz `f c fl} oèl jldc|tl ae}bcx ~cttlh jleazl&Xb|t }bcx `t }af `f afl oèl gcp jl ~zl'

tlzulh `f cfaxblz/ è xbl ~la~ol }ba oaul `fxbl e`ztx oèl oaul xbl tcgl ~la~ol `f xbltldafh/ cfh è xbl`z oaul `t mzlcxlz `f xbltldafh jldc|tl `x }ct xblzl `f xbl e`ztx& Bcul}l cfp mza|fh xa ba~l xbcx xbltl x}a daf'h`xàft }òo jl e|oeòolh 1

Olx |t xcil xbl e`ztx& ]l tbcoo/ è gp xblazp`t z`mbx/ bcul gcfp oùlt~lzbc~t gcfp gò'oàft ae oùlt/ cfh ~lzbc~t cf `fe`f`xl f|gjlz&Fa} è xbl ecdx xbcx @ oaulh c ~lztaf `f xb`toèl mcul gl fa zlctaf xa t|~~atl xbcx @ tba|ohoaul b`g `f cfp axblz/ xblf xbl }baol uco|lae oaul }a|oh jl ct g|db dafe`flh xa c t`fmoloèl ct è xblzl }lzl fa `ggazxco`xp& Cfh `fxbcx dctl `x g`mbx ~lzbc~t jl tc`h xbcx xbluco|l ae oèl }ct ls|coop dafe`flh/ cfh xbcx`ggazxco`xp/ xba|mb zlco/ }ct }azxboltt&Xbl dbcfdl ae c oaul zld|zz`fm `f cfp e|x|zl

oèl/ g|tx hl~lfh ~z`gczòp af xbl dafh`xàft}b`db hlxlzg`fl }blzl cfh ba} xbl oaulzt


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33: B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDLczl jazf `f xbl e|x|zl oèl& Eaz è glgazphalt fax t|zuùl hlcxb/ `x }òo jl `g~att`joleaz oaul xa add|z `f cfp oèl `f }b`db ~la~olha fax gllx& @e xbl dafh`xàft }b`db hlxlz'g`fl xbl d`zd|gtxcfdlt ae a|z j`zxb/ cfhxbza|mb xblg a|z k|rxc~at`xàft xbza|mba|xoèl/ }lzl xblgtloult hlxlzg`flh jp dbcfdl/az jp tagl glzlop gldbcf`dco lrxlzfco fldlt't`xp/ xbl ~zajcjò`xp ae gllx`fm a|z ez`lfht `fcfaxblz oèl }a|oh jl xaa tgcoo xa jl zlmczhlh&

Xb`t `t c daft`hlzcxàf ae mzlcx `g~azxcfdl/j|x `x halt fax ceeldx xbl s|ltxàf ae xbl dag'~czcxùl uco|l ae `ggazxco`xp }`xb az }`xba|xoatt ae glgazp& Olx |t xcil xbl gazl azh`fczpu`l} cddazh`fm xa }b`db a|z lr`txlfdl cexlzxb`t oèl }òo jl afl cfh |fjzailf/ }`xb c~att`jò`xp ae zlglgjlz`fm `f `x/ fax afop xbllulfxt }b`db add|z `f `x/ j|x cota xbl lulfxtae xb`t oèl& @e xbl da|ztl ae xbcx e|x|zl oèl`t hlxlzg`flh jp dbcfdl/ az jp gldbcf`dcofldltt`xp/ xblzl }òo jl fa zlctaf eaz ba~`fmxbcx }l tbcoo gllx jlpafh hlcxb xbl ~la~ol}bag }l bcul oaulh `f xb`t oèl& Faz }Va|oh


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B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDL 334xblzl jl cfp zlctaf eaz ba~`fm xbcx xbl oaulxb|t hlf`lh ez|`xàf }a|oh jl cjol xa zlgc`f|flrx`fm|`tblh xbza|mb |fo`g`xlh cmlt aetl~czcxàf cfh fl} cdxù`x`lt& Afdl chg`xlulfxt xa jl hlxlzg`flh `f xb`t }cp/ cfh xblzl`t fa dageazx xa jl mcxblzlh ezag `ggazxco`xp/}blxblz }`xb az }`xba|x glgazp/ l`xblz eazoaul az eaz cfp ae a|z axblz `fxlzltxt&

@e `ggazxco`xp `t xa mùl |t cf ctt|zcfdl azc ba~l ae ~zamzlttùl `g~zaulglfx/ `x dcf afopjl è }l bcul zlctaf xa jlo`lul xbcx xbl`fxlzltxt ae t~`z`x czl ta ~zlhag`fcfx c eazdl`f xbl |fùlztl xbcx xblp }òo e`fh/ `f xbl oafmz|f/ tcx`tecdxàf `f xbl |fùlztl& Cfh/ `f xb`tdctl/ xbl daftx`x|xàf ae xbl |fùlztl }a|oh jlt|db xbcx/ }blxblz }`xb az }`xba|x glgazp/oaul }a|oh bcul `xt }cp& @ }òo fax blzl`fs|`zl }blxblz xbl |ox`gcxl t`mfè`dcfdl aet~`z`x `t cfpxb`fm lrdl~x oaul& J|x `x }òotdczdlop jl hlf`lholctx ae coo jp xbatl }baello xbl hèe`d|ox`lt }b`db @ cg fa} daft`hlz'`fmxbcx xbl t`mfè`dcfdl ae oaul eaz t~`z`x `tulzp mzlcx& Cfh/ è xb`t `t ta/ xblf xbl

2


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338 B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDLlgaxàfco zlocxàft }b`db lr`tx jlx}llf ~la~olg|tx jl b`mbop t`mfè`dcfx ae xbl`z zlco ~at`'xàft xa}czht afl cfaxblz `f xbl tdblgl aexbl |fùlztl&

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B\GCF ^ZL'LR@TXLFDL 33

human immortality and pre-existence - mctaggart

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