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Human Fairness: Innate or Evolved?

by Brian Thomas, M.S. *Evidence or !reation" Evidence rom Science"Evidence rom the #ie Sciences"Man $as !reated by

%od"Man $as &ecently and Miraculously !reated in the Ima'e o %od

Ho( does it ma)e you eel (hen you ut orth +ust as much eort as the net 'uy, but he receives t(ice

the re(ard? -nair But ho( did eole ac/uire the sensibilities involved (hen assessin' airness?

!ertain animals reco'ni0e une/ual re(ards too, romtin' researchers to try and unravel the ori'ins

o airness.

1ublishin' in Science, Sarah Brosnan rom %eor'ia State -niversity and Frans de $aal o Emery

-niversity revie(ed studies on airness in animals.2Their revie( un(ittin'ly eosed reasons (hy

those (ho clin' to a bias o naturalism may never discover the real roots o airness.3

They (rote, 4The human sense o airness is an evolutionary u00le. To study this, (e can loo) to other

secies.42But shouldn5t 'ood science be'in solvin' a human u00le by investi'atin' humans6the very

sub+ect at hand?

&i'ht o the bat, the naturalistic doctrine o man havin' evolved rom rimates has steered these

researchers o course. They study aes5 senses o airness simly because they believe man evolved

rom aes. This is li)e studyin' an abacus to unravel the ori'ins o smart hones simly because one

believes the ormer evolved into the latter. In act, each device (as indeendently constructed, li)e

aes and men (ere.

The researchers5 bias maniested itsel throu'hout the reort in +ust7so statements li)e, 4The ressureor increased cooeration combined (ith advanced co'nitive abilities and emotional control allo(ed

humans to evolve a comlete sense o airness.42$hat eeriments demonstrate this? 8one6it is

merely a historical assertion, (hich by de9nition science cannot even directly investi'ate or observe.

The study authors then roosed that airness evolved in order to suly certain bene9ts to

or'anisms, li)e (arnin' them o the dan'ers o cooeration, or enablin' them to en+oy the ruits o

sustained cooeration. In one eeriment, ca'ed chiman0ees receive ood re(ards (hen they

cooerate airly. Ho(ever, these bene9ts do not elain the ori'in o airness any more than the

bene9ts o drivin' a car elain the ori'in o cars.

The mere ossibility o bene9t never sulies a mechanism to access that bene9t. &eal eoleinvented cars to access the bene9t o aster transortation, but they (ere able to thin) ahead,

ima'ine, lan and eecute. 8ature does none o these thin's. $hy not simly iner that a ersonal

!reator invented a sense o airness and laced that innate sense into certain animals and man?

;ter all, the researchers ound 'ood evidence or creation in the act that only certain birds or some

mon)eys or select aes reco'ni0e airness, but other members o their resective 'rous do not. I

airness really evolved, then (hy didn5t all members o a related 'rou inherit it instead o +ust some?

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;nd by (hat means (as nature suosed to have installed this sense? The study authors (rote,

48atural selection (or)s on every individual5s relative advanta'e comared (ith others,4 then they

elained ho( nature mi'ht have selected those individual rimates (hich (ere able to 4comare

one5s 'ains (ith those o others.42But this rhetoric de9es reason.

For eamle, it still doesn5t ans(er the /uestion: =id the ability to comare 'ains +ust ma'ically aear

in those individuals that nature suosedly selected? ;lso, it assumes that natural selection6(hichcould only select hysical entities, namely (hole individual or'anisms6someho( selected the non7

hysical attribute o airness.

1lus, oten mon)eys (ith and (ithout a sense o airness live in similar environments today, indicatin'

they bear similar selective ressures. 1roonents o selection as the creative cause o airness need to

elain (hy similar environmental stresses (ould6or ho( they )no( outside actors (ere dierent

enou'h to6roduce airness in one )ind o mon)ey but none in a nei'hborin' )ind. From the creation

ersective, %od could have made some animals (ith certain senses, li)e airness or or that matter

electrorecetion, and others (ithout it, +ust to dislay His creativity.

8aturalism5s o7trac) circular reasonin' and leas o lo'ic 'ive its adherents an unair disadvanta'e

(hen they try to unravel the ori'ins o airness, (hich (e can attribute to %od5s creative decision7

ma)in'.

References

1.Brosnan, S.F., and de $aal, F.B.M. Evolution o resonses to >unairness. Science. @3A. 1ublished online beore rint, Cctober 2, 3A2