human evolution courtesy
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HUMAN EVOLUTIONCourtesy http://www.lab-initio.com/
Survey – Beliefs in Human Evolution
Skeletal Comparisons
Posture
Pongid HominidBent over or quadrapedal; Knuckle‑walking common
Upright or bipedal
Leg and Arm
Pongid HominidArms longer than legs, adapted for swinging by arm ‑ usually among trees
Legs usually longer than arms; adapted for striding
Feet
Pongid HominidLow arches; opposable big toes ‑ capable of grasping
High arches; big toes in line with others; adapted for walking
Teeth
Pongid HominidProminent; large gaps between canines and nearby teeth
Reduced; reduced or absent gaps
Skull
Pongid HominidBent forward from spinal column; very rugged; prominent brow ridges
Upright on spinal column; smooth brow ridges
Face
Pongid HominidJaws jut out; very heavy; very wide nasal opening; sloping
Vertical profile; More distinct chin; Prominent nasal spine
Brain Size
Pongid Hominid280‑705 cm3 (current)
400‑2000 cm3
(fossil to present)
Proposed Hominid Evolution
Comparison of Hominid Brain Size
This genetic distance map made in 2002 is an estimate of 18 world human groups by a neighbor-joining method based on 23 kinds of genetic information.
Out of Africa
Out of Africa