human emergence on earth a2 native america ... country state, province, or territory possession...

A1

Country

State, Province,or Territory

Possession

Ocean or Sea

Physical Feature

Island

Lake

Salt Lake

Seasonal Lake

River

Waterfall

Canal

Mountain Peak

Highest MountainPeak

Complete Legend for Physical and Political Maps

A T L A N T I CO C E A N

PUERTO RICO (U.S.)

Vancouver

O N T A R I O

Los Angeles

Haifa

CHINA

Calgary

Borneo

A l p s

Paris

9,840 and over

6,560 - 9,840

1,640 - 6,560

656 - 1,640

0 - 656

3,000 and over

2,000 - 3,000

500 - 2,000

200 - 500

0 - 200

Land ElevationMeters Feet

Over 6,560Over 2,000

Water Depth

656 - 6,560

Less than 656

200 - 2,000

Less than 200

Symbols Type Styles Used to Name Features

Cities

Land Elevation and Water Depths

Boundaries

C O N T E N T S

Human Emergence on Earth . A2World: Political . . . . . . . . . . . . A4World: Physical . . . . . . . . . . . . A6North America: Physical . . . . . A8South America: Physical . . . . . A9Africa: Physical . . . . . . . . . . . . A10Australia and Oceania . . . . . . A11Europe: Physical . . . . . . . . . . . A12Asia: Physical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A14Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean: Political . . . . . A16

Native America . . . . . . . . . . . . A18United States: Political . . . . . A20United States: Physical . . . . . A22U.S. Outlying Areas . . . . . . . . . A24North America 1783 . . . . . . . . A26United States 1775–1799 . . . . A27U.S. Territorial Expansion . . . A28Slavery in the United States 1820–1860 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A30Secession 1860–1861 . . . . . . . A31Western Frontiers 1860–1890 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A32

The Civil War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A33U.S. Industries 1920 . . . . . . . . A34The Great Depression1929–1939 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A35Major Sources of Immigration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A36Immigration’s Impact 1910 . . A37African-American Migration1940–1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A38U.S. Population Density . . . . . A39

International Boundary

Secondary Boundary

City over 1,000,000 population

City of 250,000 to 1,000,000 population

City under 250,000 population

National Capital

Secondary Capital(State, Province, or Territory)

A10

Afr

ica:

Ph

ysi

cal

A11

Au

stralia

an

d O

cean

ia

International Date Line

Trop

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Cap

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n

Equ

ator

Trop

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Gr e

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Pla

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Gib

son

Des

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Gre

at

Sa

nd

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ME

LA

NE

SI

A

MI

CR

ON

ES

IA

GR

EA

TV

ICT

OR

IA

DE

SE

RT

Mt.

Coo

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Ft.

3,75

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Mou

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o

7,31

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Pun

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16,5

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4,50

9m

G R E A TD

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I N GR A N G E

Cape

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kPe

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Min

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Halm

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Min

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New

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Cera

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New

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North

Isla

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Haw

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Tahi

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rn C

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Isla

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Nor

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Ha

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Tim

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Chat

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(N.Z

.)

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.

Darling

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(N.Z

.)

FREN

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AND

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R.)

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A

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(U.S

.)

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(U.S

.)

FED

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ED S

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S

OF

MIC

RO

NES

IA

PITC

AIRN

(U.K

.)

AMER

ICAN

SAM

OA

NIUE

(N.Z

.)

PALA

U

EAST

TIM

OR

120°

130

140

150

160

170

180

170

160

150

140

130

20 10 0 10

20

30

5012

013

015

016

014

018

016

015

014

013

012

011

0

4020°

1001020° 30

170

170

N

Lam

bert

Azi

mut

hal E

qual

Are

a P

roje

ctio

nC

opyr

ight

by

Ran

d M

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ly &

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800

Mile

s0

400

1000

Kilo

met

ers

080

0

200

600

400

600

200

Met

ers

Feet

3,00

0

2,00

0

500

200 0

9,84

0

6,56

0

1,64

0

656

0

Land

Ele

vatio

n

Wat

er D

epth

2,00

0

2000

6,56

0

656

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Nat

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Seco

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City

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City

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A12

Eu

rop

e:

Ph

ysi

cal

A13

Eu

rop

e: P

hysica

l

Asi

a:

Ph

ysi

cal

A14

A15

Asia

: Ph

ysica

l

C e n t r a l

S i b e r i a n

U p l a n d s

Qinling Shandi

S i b er

ia

Mt. Fuji

12,388 Ft.

3,776m

Gre

ater

Kh

ing

anR

ange

Qilian Shan

Stanovoy Range

A l t a i M ts .

Gobi Desert

Sayan Mountains

Verkhoyansk Mts.

Sik

ho

te-A

linM

ts.

.

MALAY

PENINSULA

Kam

chat

kaPe

nins

ula

Taymyr

Peninsula

AndamanIslands

Ku

ril

Isla

nd

s

Islan

ds

New

Sibe

rian

Shikoku

NicobarIslands

Mo

l u c c a s

Luzon

Mindanao

N e w

G u i n e a

CeramCelebes

Sumatra

Timor

Borneo

Java

Hainan Island

Sakha

lin

Hokka

idoHon

shu

Kyushu

G r e a t e r S u n d a

I s l a n d s

Ale

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land

s(U

.S.)

Xi

Salw

een

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wad

dy

Red

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Huang

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gtze)

Mekong

Angara

Brahmaputra

y

Indigirka

Kolym

a

Lake

Baikal

Coral

Sea

S o u t h

C h i n a

S e a

Sulu Sea

Arafura Sea

Sea of

Japan

Yellow

Sea

Eas t

Ch ina

Sea

AndamanSea

Ber

ing

Sea

Gulfof

Carpentaria

Luzon Strait

Java Sea

GTonkin

Banda Sea

Timor Sea

Gulf ofThailand

Philippine

Sea

Sea o

fO

khot

sk

Eas

tSi

beri

an

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Sea

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rSt

rait

Str. of Malacca

Sea

Taiw

anS

tra

i t

P

AC

IF

IC

OC

EA

N

Beijing

Manila

Jakarta

Singapore

Shanghai

Bangkok

Tokyo

(U.S.)

(India)

(India) MALAYSIA

PAPUA NEW

GUINEA

JAPAN

MYANMAR

T H A I L A N D

TAIWAN

LAOSBNGL.

BHUTAN

VIETNAM

GUAM

R U S S I A

I N D O N E S I A

PHILIPPINESFEDERATED STATES

OF

MICRONESIA

N O R T H E R NM

A R I AN A

I SL A N D S

C H I N A

M O N G O L I A

MALAYSIA

CAMBODIA

(U.S.)

PALAU

BRUNEI

A U S T R A L I A

NORTH

KOREA

SOUTH

KOREA

EAST TIMOR

90 100 110 120 130 140150°

20°

10

0

Equator

10

20

30

405060°70

°

170

180

Trop

icof

Can

cer

Arc

ticC

ircle

Meters Feet

3,000

2,000

500

200

0

9,840

6,560

1,640

656

0

Land Elevation

Water Depth

2,000

200

0

6,560

656

0

BAJA CALIFORNIA

BAJA CALIFORNIASUR

S O N O R AC H I H U A H U A

SINALOA

C O A H U I L AD U R A N G O

NUEVO

NAYARIT

JAL ISCO

ZACATECAS

AGS

COLIMA

GTO.

SAN LUIS

QRO.

MICHOACÁN

TAMAULIPAS

HGO.

MÉX.

GUERRERO

MOR.VERACRUZPUEBLA

O A X A C A

TABASCO

CHIAPAS

CAMPECHE

YUCATÁN

QUINTANAROO

TLAX.

POTOSÍ

LEÓN

D.F.

C A L I F O R N I A

A R I Z O N A

N E W M E X I C O

T E X A S

O K L A H O M A

M I S S O U R I

A R K A N S A S

L O U I S I A N A

MISSISS IPP I

A L A B A M A

K E N T U C K Y

T E N N E S S E E

M E X I C O

BELIZE

GUATEMALAHONDURAS

EL SALVADOR

COSTA

Isla Cozumel

Isla Cedros

IslasMarías

Islas Revillagigedo Isla SanBenedictoIsla RocaPartida Isla Socorro

Isla del Mapelo(Col.)

Lago deNicaragua

Rio

Grande

Tropic of Cancer

P A C I F I C O C E A N

G U L F O F

M E X I C O

Gu

lf

of

Ca

li

fo

rn

ia

Golfo deTehuantepec

Gulf ofCampeche

Gulf ofHonduras

Ca n a l

d eYu

c a t á n

U N I T E D S T A T E

La Paz

Zacatecas

Pachuca

Tepic

Ciudad Victoria

Oaxaca

Chilpancingo

Campeche

Chetumal

Chihuahua

San LuisPotosí

Mexicali

Mérida

Hermosillo

CuliacánDurango

XalapaTolucaMorelia

Querétaro

Aguascalientes

TuxtlaGutiérrez

Villahermosa

SaltilloMonterrey

Guadalajara

Puebla

TegucigalpaGuatemalaCity

Mexico City

San Salvador

Managua

Belmopan

Cancún

Los Mochis

Nogales

Puerto Vallarta

León

Tapachula

Nuevo Laredo

CiudadObregón

Coatzacoalcos

Acapulco

Leónampico

Tijuana

Veracruz

CiudadJuárez

El Paso

Mazatlán

Reynosa Matamoros

Irapuato

San Pedro Sula

Torreón

NewOrleans

Los Angeles

Houston

110˚ 100˚ 90˚

110˚ 100˚ 90˚

30˚

20˚

10˚

N

Lambert Conformal Conic Projection

200 300 400 Miles0 100

0 200 400 600 Kilometers

National Capital

Secondary Capital(State, Province, or Territory)

City over 1,000,000 population

City of 250,000 to 1,000,000 population

City under 250,000 population

Copyright by Rand McNally & Co..

A16

Me

xic

o,

Ce

ntr

al

Am

eri

ca,

an

d t

he

Ca

rib

be

an

: P

oli

tica

l

GEORGIA

FLORIDA

N O R T H C A R O L I N A

S O U T HC A R O L I N A

V I R G I N I A

LakeOkeechobee

NICARAGUA

RICAPANAMA

HAITI

DOMINICANREPUBLIC

PUERTO RICO(U.S.)

VIRGINISLANDS

(U.S.)

BRITISHVIRGIN

ISLANDS

B A H A M A S

JAMAICA

C U B A

SAINT KITTS

AND NEVIS

ANTILLESNETHERLANDS

ANTIGUAAND

BARBUDA

MONTSERRAT(U.K.)

DOMINICA

MARTINIQUE(Fr.)

SAINT LUCIA

SAINT VINCENT

AND THE

GRENADINESBARBADOS

GRENADA

TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS(U.K.)

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

CAYMAN ISLANDS(U.K.)

GUADELOUPE(Fr.)

ANGUILLA(U.K.)

ARUBA(Neth.)

SURINAME

We

st

I n d i e s

Abaco

Eleuthera

AndrosCat Island

GreatInaguaIsla de la

Juventud

Isla de Coiba

Isla deSan Andrés

(Col.)

BonaireCuraçao

Lago deMaracaibo

Orinoco

Orinoco

Tropic of Cancer

A T L A N T I C O C E A N

C A R I B B E A N S E A

Golfode

Panamá

Straits of Florida

PanamaCanal

C O L O M B I A

V E N E Z U E L A

G U Y A N A

B R A Z I L

SBERMUDA

(U.K.)

San José

Havana

Port-au-Prince

SantoDomingo San

Juan

Kingston

PanamaCity

BasseterreSaint John's

Roseau

CastriesBridgetown

SaintGeorge's

Port of Spain

Nassau

Georgetown

Caracas

Bogotá

Kingstown

Freeport

Montego Bay

Holguín

Santa Clara

GuantánamoSantiago

Miami

Santiagode Cuba

Camagüey

Maracaibo

80˚ 70˚ 60˚

80˚ 70˚ 60˚

30˚

20˚

10˚

A17

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100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚

150˚

160˚

170˚

180˚

170˚

90˚

80˚

70˚

60˚

50˚

40˚

30˚

20˚

10˚

0˚17

0˚

10˚

30˚

40˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

180˚

170˚ 160˚

10˚

30˚

40˚

50˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

30˚

20˚

A18

Nati

ve A

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PATAGONIA

Isth

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(Jam

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)

(p

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San

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Cop

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of t

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mp

uaU

tatlá

nM

azat

lán

Nac

oN

itoTa

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l

Zac

aleu

Mitl

a

100˚

110˚

120˚

130˚

140˚

150˚

160˚

90˚

80˚

70˚

60˚

50˚

40˚

30˚

0˚10˚

10˚

20˚

30˚

40˚

50˚

0˚10˚

10˚

20˚

30˚

40˚

50˚

30˚

N

Rob

inso

n P

roje

ctio

n

400

1000

Mile

s80

00

200

600

900

1200

030

060

015

00 K

ilom

eter

s

Grow

th o

f em

pire

s, 1

470-

1525

Area

s in

dec

line,

130

0-15

00

Maj

or m

igra

tions

, 120

0-15

00

Maj

or re

ligio

us c

ente

r

Maj

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c gr

oup

Nat

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l cap

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Pue

lche

Cop

yrig

ht b

y R

and

Mc N

ally

& C

o..

A19

Na

tive

Am

erica

ATLANTICOCEAN

ARCTIC OCEAN

MEDITERRANEAN

SEA

S A H A R A

D E S E R T

A R A B I A N

D E S E R T

Caspian

Sea

Black Sea

A t l a sM o u n t a i n s

C a u c a s u s

Al p

s

Pyrenees

Hallstadt

La TèneVillanova

Kulli

Anau

Hissar

Sialk

Susa

Bakun

Al-Ubaid

Eridu

JarmoHassuna

Tell HalafMersin

Judeidah

Jericho

Merimde

BadariNaqada

Cnossus

Troy

St. Acheul

ChellesSolutré

Le Moustier

Aurignac

Altamira

Gafsa

Kharga Oasis

Mt. Carmel

Kiev

Gagarino

20˚ 40˚ 60˚

20˚

40˚

60˚

N

Goodes Projection

400 800 Miles0 200 600

900 1200 Kilometers0 300 600

European Iron Age Sites

Early Agricultural Communities

Palaeolithic Sites

Civilized areas in Third Millennium B.C.

Civilized areas in Second Millennium B.C.

Civilization 1000 B.C. - 200 A.D.

La Tène

Judeidah

Le Moustier


A2

Hu

man

Em

erg

en

ce o

n E

art

h

Un

ited

Sta

tes:

Po

liti

cal

A20

YukonYukon

Ku

sk

okwim

Arctic Circle

Gulf of Alaska

Bering Strait

Saint LawrenceIsland

Al e u t i a n

I s l a n d s

B e r i n g S e a

Chukchi Sea

ARCTIC OCEAN


Beaufort

Sea

Y U K O N

NORTHWEST

BRITISH

COLUMBIA

TERRITORIES

C A N A D A

RUSSIA

A L A S K A

FairbanksNome

Juneau

Valdez

Barrow

Dutch Harbor

Seward

Kodiak

Whitehorse

Sitka

Kotzebue

Bethel Anchorage

RMcN..C

N

AlaskaPipeline

170˚ 165˚ 160˚ 155˚ 150˚ 145˚ 140˚ 135˚ 130˚125˚

175˚

65˚

70˚ 70˚

65˚

60˚

135˚140˚145˚150˚155˚160˚165˚

130˚

125˚

60˚

55˚

55˚

170˚175˚180˚

185˚

120˚

200 300 Miles0 100

0 200 400 Kilometers

Kauai Channel

Mauna Kea13,796 Ft.

4,205m

Mauna Loa13,679 Ft.

4,169m

H a w a i i a nI s l a n d s

Hawaii

Maui

OahuMolokai

Lanai

Kahoolawe

KauaiNiihau

PA C I F I CO C E A N

Kalaheo

Hilo

Wahiawa

Honolulu

RMcN..C

N

155˚160˚

20˚0

0 50 Miles

50 Kilometers

H AW A I I

A21

67 ° 66 °

18 °

19 °

SanJuan

N


CaribbeanSea

Arecibo

CaguasMayagüezPonce

RMcN..C

0

25 50 Kilometers0

25 50 MilesPUERTO RICO

(U.S.)

Un

ited

Sta

tes: P

olitica

l

A23

Mt. Katahdin

5,268 Ft.

1,606m

Mt. Washington

6,288 Ft.

1,917m

Mt. Mitchell

6,684 Ft.2,037m

Ap

pa

la

ch

ia

nM

ou

nt

ai

ns

Adirondack

Mountains

Bl

ue

Ri

dg

e

Fl i

nt

Hi l

l s

O u a c h i t a M t s .

BostonMts.

Catskill

Mts.

Gre

en

Mts

.

White

Mts.

O z a r k P l a t e a u

Cumber

land

Plate

au

TheEverglades

Co

as

ta

l

Pl a

in

Sea

Isla

nds

P

ie

dm

on

t

Al l

eg

he

ny

Pl a

t ea

u

MississippiDelta

BrucePeninsula

KeweenawPeninsula

Lower Peninsula

Upper Peninsula

CapeSan Blas

Cape Cod

Cape Fear

Cape Lookout

Cape Hatteras

Cape Canaveral

Cape Sable

WhitefishPoint

Clarks HillLake

White

Des M

oines

Iowa

Kansas

Neosh

o

Lake ofthe Ozarks

St.

Law

rence

Muskeg

on

GrandM

au

m

ee

Scioto

Tennessee

Suwa

nn

ee

Santee

Pee

Dee

James

LakeErie

Con

nec

ticu

t

Sabine

Yazoo

Pearl

Ala

ba

ma

Fli

nt

C

ape Fear

Green

Whi

te

Lake

Cumberland

Wisconsin

Minnesota

Chippewa

LakeWinnebago

All

eghen

y

Kennebec

Mis

siss

ipp

i

NiagaraFalls

G r e a t

L a k e s

Long Island

Florida Keys

Tampa Bay

AtchafalayaBay

ApalacheeBay

Sagi

nawBay

Gre

enBay

Pamlico Sound

Chesapeake Bay

A D A

B A H A M A S

S T A T E S

MI C

H

I GA

N

M I N N E S O T A

I O W A

W I S C O N S I N

A R K A N S A S

L O U I S I A N A

MISSISSIPPI

M I S S O U R I

A L A B A M A

T E N N E S S E E

G E O R G I A

K E N T U C K Y

F L O R I D A

N O R T H

C A R O L I N A


I L L I N O I S

I N D I A N A O H I O

P E N N S Y L V A N I A

V I R G I N I A

N E W Y O R K

WESTVIRGINIA

DELAWARE

MARYLAND

NEW JERSEY

CONNECTICUT R.I.

MASS.

VERMONT

NEW

HAMPSHIRE

M A I N E

O N T A R I O

Q U É B E C

N E W

B R U N S W I C K

Isle Royale

Nantucket

Island

A T L A N T I C

O C E A N

G U L F O F M E X I C O

Georgian Bay

Delaware Bay

Albemarle

Sound

Gulf of

Maine

Trinity

Red

Ouachita

Arkansas

Missouri

Illi

nois

Wab

ash

Oh

io

Oh

io

Cumberland

Tombigbee

Ch

atta

hoochee

Altamaha

Savann

ah

Roanoke

Susquehanna

Hu

dso

n

ToledoBendRes.

SamRayburn

Res.

KentuckyLake

L a k e S u p e r i o r

Lake oftheWoods

LakeNipigon

Lake Huron

Lake Ontario

Lake

Champlain

Lake

Okeechobee

Moosehead

Lake

LakeWinnipeg

Mis

siss

ipp

i

Mis

siss

ipp

i

La

ke

Mi

ch

ig

an

Minneapolis

St. Louis

Miami

Atlanta

Boston

NewOrleans

Detroit

Houston

Chicago

Montréal

Toronto

New York

Philadelphia

Washington D.C.

9095 8085 7075

45˚

40

35

30

25

7580˚859095

70

50

N

Copyright by Rand McNally & Co.Alber’s Conic Equal Area Projection

300 Miles0

0

100 200

100 200 400 Kilometers300

Meters Feet

3,000

2,000

500

200

0

9,840

6,560

1,640

656

0

Land Elevation

Water Depth

2,000

200

0

6,560

656

0

67 66

18 °

19

SanJuan

N


CaribbeanSea

Arecibo

CaguasMayagüez

Ponce

RMcN..C

0

25 50 Kilometers0

25 50 Miles PUERTO RICO(U.S.)

Un

ited

Sta

tes: P

hysica

l

A24

OlosegaOfu

TutuilaManua Islands

TauAunuu

PACIFICOCEAN

A M E R I C A NS A M O A

Pago Pago

N

Lambert Conformal Conic ProjectionCopyright by Rand McNally & Co.

25 Miles0 20

40 Kilometers0

10

2010 30

155170°171°

14°

GUAM(U.S.)

PACIFICOCEAN

PhilippineSea

Agana Tamuning

144°45' 145°

13°30'

13°15'

144°45' 145°

N


10 Miles0 6

15 Kilometers0

82

5 10

4

INT

ER

NA

TIO

NA

L

DA

TE

LINE

Equator

Gulf ofCarpentaria

CORAL SEA


SAMOA

FEDERATED STATES OFMICRONESIA

FIJI

PAPUA NEWGUINEA

VANUATU

NORTHERNMARIANAISLANDS

(U.S.)

PALAU

NAURU

TUVALU

K I R I B A T I

TOKELAU (N.Z.)

AMERICANSAMOA

SOLOMONISLANDS

GUAM (U.S.)

MARSHALLISLANDS

AUSTRALIA

INDON.

NEWCALEDONIA

(Fr.)

FRENCHPOLYNESIACOOK

ISLANDS(N.Z.)

NIUE(N.Z.)

WALLIS ANDFUTUNA

(Fr.)

TONGA

PHOENIXISLANDS

C A R O L I N E I S L A N D S

SANTA CRUZISLANDS

HAWAII

Cairns

PortMoresby

Koror

Honiara

Suva

Nouméa

Port Vila

Apia

140° 150° 160° 170° 180° 170° 160° 150° 140° 130°

10°

0°

10°

20°140° 150° 160° 170° 180° 170° 160° 150° 140° 130°

10°

0°

10°

20°

20°

1000 Miles

1500 Kilometers

400 800600

0

2000

1200900600300

N

Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area ProjectionCopyright by Rand McNally & Co.

Guam

Samoa

Pacific Islands

U.S

. O

utl

yin

g A

reas

A25

Mona

Culebra St. John

St. Thomas

Anegada

Vieques

St. Croix

PUERTO RICO

Virgin Gorda

Cabo Rojo

Tortola

A T L A N T I C O C E A N

CaribbeanSea

Mon

aP

assa

ge

Ane

gada

Pass

age

P U E R T O R I C O( U . S . )

V I R G I NI S L A N D S

( U . S . )

B R I T I S HV I R G I N

I S L A N D S

Road Town

CharlotteAmalie

San Juan

Frederiksted

MayagüezCaguas

Bayamón

Arecibo

Ponce

N


30 Miles0 10

50 Kilometers0 40

20

302010

18°

19°

67° 66° 65° 64°

19°

18°

67° 66° 65° 64°

Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands

U.S

. Ou

tlyin

g A

reas

(in d

isp

ute)

San

to

Dom

ingo

(in

disp

ute)

W. F

LORI

DA

E. FLORIDA

JAM

AICA

(BR.

)

HAIT

I(F

R.)

HISP

ANIO

LAPU

ERTO

RIC

O(S

P.)

DOM

INIC

A(B

R.)

MAR

TINI

QUE

(FR.

)

TOBA

GO(B

R.)

ST. V

INCE

NT (B

R.)

GREN

ADA

(BR.

)

GUAD

ELOU

PE

(FR.

)

CUBA

(SP.

)

CAPE

BRE

TON

ISLA

ND(B

R.)

MIQ

UELO

N

(FR.

)

ST. P

IERR

E

(FR.

)NE

WFO

UNDL

AND

(BR.

)

BR

ITIS

H

U N E X P L O R E D

SP

AN

I SH

UN

ITE

D

ST

AT

ES

Rio Grande

Mississi

ppiLake

Supe

rior LakeMichigan

Lake Huron L

ake

Eri

eLa

ke

On

tari

o

St.Lawrence

CA

RI

BB

EA

NS

EA

AT

LA

NT

IC

OC

EA

N

PA

CI

FI

CO

CE

AN

GU

LF

OF

ME

XIC

O

Trop

ic o

f Can

cer

120˚

110˚

100˚

90˚

80˚

70˚

60˚

50˚

40˚

30˚

20˚

10˚

60˚

70˚

80˚

90˚

100˚

110˚

10˚

20˚

30˚

40˚

50˚

120˚

50˚

N

Lam

bert

Azi

mut

hal,

Equ

al A

rea

Pro

ject

ion

300

010

040

0 M

iles

040

060

0 K

ilom

eter

s

200

200

U.S.

Span

ish

Briti

sh

Fren

ch

Othe

r

Disp

uted

Cop

yrig

ht b

y R

and

Mc N

ally

& C

o..

A26

No

rth

Am

eri

ca 1

783

ATLANTIC

OCEAN


Wa

bash

Ohio

Savannah

Hu

dso

n


Lake Ontario

La

ke

Mi

ch

i ga

n

Missouri

Lake Erie

Mis

siss

ippi

Lake ofthe Woods

L.Nipigon

Potomac

St.

Lawrence

La

keH

uron

LakeMoyaco

L.Champlain

Organized 1798Boundary by Treaty of Paris 1783

Added toMississippi Territory1804

Organized1790

1780 1796

1792

1778 1779

1786

1788

1791

1794

U.S. Claims in thisarea uncertain

Boundary by Treaty of Paris 1783

AreaDisputedby Great

Britain

17641788

Organized

1787

Boundary

byTreaty

of Pa ris

1783

(Br.)

1779

Ar e a

Di s

pu

t ed

by

Gr

ea

tB

ri t

ai n

A r e a D i s p u t e db

yS

pa

i n

CU

MB

E RL A N

D M

T S .

AP

PA

LA

CH

IA

N

MO

UN

TA

IN

S

NO

RT

HW

ES

TT

ER

RI T

OR

Y

MISSISS IPP I TERRITORY

T E N N E S S E E

G E O R G I A

K E N T U C K Y

EAST FLORIDA

N O R T H C A R O L I N A


P E N N S Y L V A N I A

V I R G I N I A

N E W Y O R K

DEL.MD.

N.J.

CONN. R.I.

MASS.

VT. N.H.

D I S T R I C T

O F M A I N E

( M A S S . )

LO

UI

SI

AN

A

T E R R I T O R Y S O U T HO F T H E O H I O

WEST FLORIDA

H U D S O N ’ S B A Y C O M P A N Y

QU

EB

EC

NEW

BRUNSWICK

NOVASCOTIA

BAHAMA IS.

FallenTimbers

Gálvez 1780

Gálvez1779

Gálvez

fromH

avana1781

`

`

Will

ing

1778

Clar

k 1778

Ham

ilton

Br.

1778 C

lark

17

78

Willing

1778

Gálvez 1782

Savannah

Charleston

Baltimore

New York

Philadelphia

Montreal

Boston

Providence

Richmond

Newport

Quebec

Pittsburgh

St. Augustine

PensacolaMobile

BatonRouge

NewOrleans

Nashville

Louisville

Frankfort

Lexington

Cincinnati

Vincennes

St. LouisMarietta

Nassau

Detroit

Ft.Mackinac

Ft. Niagara

Ft. Ontario

Ft. Oswegatchie

Ft. Nogales Ft.Confederación

90˚ 85˚ 80˚ 75˚ 70˚ 50˚

45˚

40˚

35˚

30˚

25˚70˚75˚85˚90˚

30˚

35˚

40˚

45˚

50˚

25˚

N

Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection

2000 100 300 Miles

0 100 200 400 Kilometers300

Thirteen original states

Territories and additional states

British possessions after 1783

Spanish possessions after 1783

Disputed territory

Posts retained by the British 1783-96

Revolutionary War Routes

Areas colored as of 1783Copyright by Rand McNally & Co..

A27

Un

ited

Sta

tes 1

77

5–1

79

9

A28

U.S

. Te

rrit

ori

al

Exp

an

sio

n

OREGON TERRITORY

MEXICAN CESSION

LOUISIANA PURCHASEBought from France, 1803From Mexico by Treaty ofGuadalupe Hidalgo, 1848

From Great Britain, 1846

Claimed by Texasand ceded by Mexico, 1848

TEXAS ANNEXATION IndependentTexas Republicannexed, 1845

Joint occupation byUnited States and Great Britain1818-1846 (Claim abandoned

by Russia, 1824)

GADSDEN PURCHASEBought from Mexico,1853 Line of Treaty

Ceded by Great Britain,1818

of

Guadalupe Hida l go

w i t h Mexico , 1848

Line of Adams-Onís Treaty with Spain, 1819

Line of Treaty of 1846 with Great Britain Boundary adjusted by Convention of 1818 with Great Britain

Ceded to Great Britain, 1818

GreatSalt Lake

Canadian

Rio

Grande

Columbia River

Missouri River

N. Platte River

Yellowstone River

Snake River

S. Platte River

Col

orado River

GilaRiver

Rio

Gra

nde

Arkansas RiverRiver

Red River

Brazos R

iver

Pecos

River

T E X A S

CA

LI F

OR

NI A

OREGON

K A N S A S

OKLAHOMA

NEBRASKA

NORTH DAKOTA

SOUTH DAKOTA

WASHINGTON

IDAHO

MONTANA

WYOMING

NEVADA

UTAH

ARIZONANEW MEXICO

COLORADO

P A C I F I CO C E A N

Tropic of Cancer

125˚ 120˚ 115˚ 110˚50˚105˚ 100˚

100˚105˚110˚115˚

45˚

35˚

30˚

40˚

25˚

120˚

P A C I F I C O C E N

ARCTICOCEAN

ALASKAFrom Russia, 1867

180˚ 170˚ 160˚ 150˚ 140˚

60˚

70˚130˚ 120˚140˚150˚160˚170˚

60˚

RMcN..C

PA C I F I C

O C E A NRMcN..C

HAWAIIAnnexed, 1898

20˚

160˚ 155˚

160˚ 155˚

20˚

A29

,

From Great Britain by

Treaty of Paris, 1783

FLORIDA CESSIONFrom Spain by

Adams-Onís Treaty, 1819

OR

I GI N

AL

13

CO

LO

NI E

S

Boundary adjusted byWebster-Ashburton Treatywith Great Britain, 1842

Boundary adjusted by

Pinckney’s Treaty with Spain, 1795

Boundary adjusted by

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

with Great Britain, 1842

From GreatBritain,1842

From Great Britain,

1842

From Spain, 1795

Ceded bySpain, 1818

Annexed bythe United States

1810 1813

T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S

I N

1 7 8 3


Lake Huron

Lake OntarioL

ak

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Lake ofthe Woods

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Mississippi R

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Missouri

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Ohio River

Cumberland

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Tennessee River

Savannah River

Mis

siss

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WISCONSIN

MINNESOTA

ILLINOIS INDIANA OHIO

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NORTHCAROLINA

TENNESSEE

KENTUCKY

SOUTHCAROLINA

GEORGIA

NEW

JERSEY

MARYLAND

PENNSYLVANIA

NEW YORK

DEL.

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MISSOURI

ARKANSAS

LOUISIANA

ALABAMAMISSISSIPPI

FLORIDA

VT.

N.H.

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R.I.

M I C H I G A N

WESTVIRGINIA

AT L A N T I C

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90˚95˚ 80˚85˚ 70˚75˚

45˚

40˚

35˚

30˚

25˚

75˚80˚85˚90˚95˚

70˚

50˚

N

Copyright by Rand McNally & Co.Alber’s Conic Equal Area Projection

300 Miles0

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100 200

100 200 400 Kilometers300

U.S

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39

U N I T E DS T A T E S




O C E A N A R C T I C

O C E A N


4.3 million

2.5 million

75˚

60˚

75˚

60˚

75˚

45˚

30˚

15˚

75˚

60˚

45˚

15˚

90˚0˚30˚60˚90˚120˚

60˚30˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚0˚30˚60˚90˚120˚150˚

45˚

30˚

15˚

45˚

30˚

15˚

0˚

120˚

30˚

60˚

0˚

30˚ 60˚

Antarctic Circle

Equator

Tropic of Cancer

Arctic Circle

Tropic of Capricorn

N

Robinson Projection

2000 Miles0 1000


Northwestern Europe

Central Europe






O C E A N A R C T I C

O C E A N


6.1 million

6.7 million

8.1 million

75˚

60˚

75˚

60˚

75˚

45˚

30˚

15˚

75˚

60˚

45˚

15˚

90˚0˚30˚60˚90˚120˚

60˚30˚ 90˚ 120˚ 150˚0˚30˚60˚90˚120˚150˚

45˚

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45˚

30˚

15˚

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120˚

30˚

60˚

0˚

30˚ 60˚

Antarctic Circle

Equator

Tropic of Cancer

Arctic Circle

Tropic of Capricorn

N

Robinson Projection

2000 Miles0 1000


Northwestern Europe

Central Europe

Eastern and Southern Europe


DATE

LINE

INTE

RN

ATION

AL

Antarctic Circle

Equator

Tropic of Cancer

Arctic Circle

Tropic of Capricorn




A R C T I C O C E A N

6.3 million

4.1 m

illion 4.8 million


75˚

60˚

75˚75˚

60˚

75˚

45˚

30˚

15˚

75˚

60˚

45˚

15˚

120˚150˚120˚90˚60˚30˚

150˚180˚ 120˚ 90˚ 60˚150˚120˚90˚60˚30˚0˚

45˚

30˚

15˚

45˚

30˚

15˚

0˚

30˚

60˚

0˚

180˚ 150˚0˚

N

Robinson Projection

2000 Miles0 1000


Asia, excluding theformer Soviet Union

Mexico

Central and South America


A36

Majo

r So

urc

es

of

Imm

igra

tio

n

Immigration 1960s–1990s

Immigration 1820–1870

Immigration 1880–1920

110˚

105˚

100˚

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90˚

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75˚

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Less

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Fore

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eles

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k

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lade

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Was

hing

ton

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.

125˚

120˚

115˚

110˚

50˚

105˚

90˚

95˚

80˚

85˚

70˚

75˚

45˚

40˚

35˚

30˚

25˚

75˚

80˚

85˚

90˚

100˚

95˚

105˚

110˚

115˚

45˚

35˚

30˚

40˚

25˚

70˚

125˚

120˚

50˚

Popu

latio

n Ch

ange

due

to M

igra

tion

Larg

e po

pula

tion

gain

Larg

e po

pula

tion

loss

City

with

larg

e po

pula

tion

gain

N

Lam

bert

Azi

mut

hal E

qual

Are

a P

roje

ctio

n

200

400

Mile

s0

100

300

400

600

Kilo

met

ers

010

020

030

050

0

Cop

yrig

ht b

y R

and

Mc N

ally

& C

o..

A38

Afr

ican

-Am

eri

can

Mig

rati

on

1940–1

970

AT

LA

NT

IC

OC

EA

N

GU

LF

OF

ME

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eles

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roit

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anta

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y

110˚

125˚

35˚

30˚

40˚

45˚

120˚

115˚

50˚

105˚

100˚

90˚

95˚

80˚

85˚

70˚

75˚

45˚

30˚

100˚

95˚

125˚

50˚

40˚

35˚

25˚

75˚

80˚

85˚

PA

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OC

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hora

ge

Arc

ticC

ircle

70˚

160˚

150˚

70˚

140˚

150˚

160˚

60˚

140˚

60˚

P AC

I FI C

OC

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nolu

lu

20˚

155˚

160˚

20˚

155˚

N

Lam

bert

Azi

mut

hal E

qual

Are

a P

roje

ctio

n

200

300

Mile

s0

100

010

030

040

0 K

ilom

eter

s20

0

Unde

r 2 (U

nder

1)

2-6

(1-2

)

6-18

(2-7

)

18-4

5(7

-17)

45-9

0(1

7-35

)

Over

90

(Ove

r 35)

Urba

n Ce

nter

s

Per s

quar

e m

ile(p

er s

quar

e ki

lom

eter

)

Cop

yrig

ht b

y R

and

Mc N

ally

& C

o..

A39

U.S

. Po

pu

latio

n D

en

sity

Wo

rld

:Po

liti

cal

A4

REFERENCE SECTION

SKILLBUILDER HANDBOOK

Skills for reading, thinking, and researching R1

ECONOMICS HANDBOOK

Glossary of economic terms R38

FACTS ABOUT THE STATES

Information about individual states R48

PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES

Information about all 43 presidents R50

GLOSSARY

Important terms and definitions R53

SPANISH GLOSSARY

Important terms and definitions translated into Spanish R67

INDEX

Listing of all topics in this textbook R82

Reconstruction to the 21st CenturyReconstruction to the 21st CenturyReconstruction to the 21st Century

A5

Wo

rld:Po

litical

Wo

rld

: Ph

ysi

cal

A6

A7

Wo

rld:Ph

ysica

l

Mt. Whitney14,494 Ft.4,418m

Mt. Logan

19,551 Ft.5,959m

Mt. McKinley

20,320 Ft.

6,194m

Ro

ck

yM

ou

nt

ai

ns

Alaska Range

Sie

rraM

adre

Oriental

Sierra

Madre

Occidental

Ap

p

al a

ch

i a

n

Mt

s.

Sie

rraN

evada

Co

ast

Ran

ges C

as

ca

de

Ran

ge

Co

as

tM

ou

nta

i ns

Br o

ok

s

R a n g e

Ice

Cap

Gr

ea

tP

la

in

sC

an

ad

ia

nS

h i e l d

C o a s

t al

Pl a

i n

TheEverglades

P l a t e a uO z a r kC o l o r a d oP l a t e a u

G r e a tB a s i n

Péninsule

d'Ungava

YucatánPeninsula

Ba

j aC

al i f o

r ni a

Alaska Peninsula

QueenCharlotteIslands

Vancouver Island

Point

Hope

Point

Barrow

Cape

Adair

Cape

Mercy

CapeCanaveral

Cape Cod

CapeHatteras

Cape BlancoCape Mendocino

Cabo SanLucas

Bathurst

Cape

Cape

Farv

el

Gulf ofCampeche

FoxeBasin

JamesBay

Niagara Falls

Albany

Kuskokwim

Snake

Red

M

issouri

LakeAthabasca

G r e a t

L a k e s

No

rwe

gia

nS

ea

U N I T E D S T A T E S

GREENLAND

U.S.

ME

XI

CO

CA N A D A

BELIZE

CUBA

EL SALVADOR

GUATEMALA

HAITI

JAMAICA

NICARAGUA

DOMINICAN

REPUBLIC

BAHAMAS

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

HONDURAS

ICEL

AND

PUERTO

RICO (U.S.)

(Denmar

k)

BERMUDA (U.K.)

COLOMBIA

VENEZUELA

BRAZIL

RUSSIA

El l

es

me

r eI s

l an d

B a f f i nI s l a n d

Al e u t i a n

I s l a n d s

Q u e e n E l i z a b e t h

I s l a n d s

Newfoundland

DevonIsland

Victoria Island

BanksIsland

St.

La

wre

nce

Yukon

C

olorado

GreatBearLake

Ma

cken

zie

GreatSlaveLake

Peace

Sask

atchewan

Nelson

LakeWinnipeg

Columbia

GreatSaltLake

La

keM

ich

igan

Arkansas

Mis

siss

ipp

i

Rio

Gra

nde

Lago deNicaragua

Lake Superior

Lake Huron

LakeErie

L.OntarioO

hio

Be

ring

Se

a BeaufortSea

A R C T I C O C E A N

PA

CI F

I C

OC

EA

N

A T L A N T I C

O C E A N

C A R I B B E A N

S E A


G U L F O FM E X I C O

Baffin Bay

Gulf of Alaska

Bering Strait

Gulf of

St. Lawrence

Golfode

Panamá

BayHudson

PrudhoeBay

Gu

lfof

Californ

ia

Tropic of Cancer

North Pole

Arc

ticC

ircle

Equator

Arctic

Circle

Tropic of Cancer

SOUTH AMERICA

A S I A

Churchill

Whitehorse

Edmonton

Vancouver

Denver

Miami

Ottawa

Washington D.C.

Anchorage

Los Angeles

Mexico City

Havana

Chicago

Montréal

New York

Houston

60 70˚

170

80 7080

120 110130 90 80˚ 70˚100

140

150

160

10

50

30

40

170

40

20

10

30

50

60

010

2030

40

50˚

180160

140

120100

60˚

40˚

0

0

0

180

20

400 1000 Miles8000 200 600

900 12000 300 600 1500 Kilometers

N


Meters Feet

3,000

2,000

500

200

0

9,840

6,560

1,640

656

0

Land Elevation

Water Depth

2,000

200

0

6,560

656

0

A8

No

rth

Am

eri

ca:

Ph

ysi

cal

No

rth A

me

rica: P

olitica

l

Ata

cam

aD

eser

t

M a t o G r o s s oP l a t e a u

Gra

nC

haco

A m a z o n

B a s i n

S e l v a s

Pampas

L lano s

An

de

s

Ser

rado

Espi

nhaç

oA

nd

es

Pa

ta

go

ni

a

CordilleraO

riental

Mt. Huascarán22,133 Ft.

6,746m

Mt. Ojos del Salado

22,615 Ft.6,893m

Mt. Aconcagua22,831 Ft.6,959m

Mt. Illampu21,066 Ft.6,421m

Mt. Sajama21,463 Ft.6,542m

Cristóbal Colón Peak18,948 Ft.

5,775m

Chimborazo20,703 Ft.6,310m

Ilha deMarajó

G r e a t e r A n t i l l e s

O C E A NP A C I F I C

Península Valdés

Point Medanoso

Cape Horn

Cape Orange

Sã

oF

ran

cisc

o

Gulf of Honduras

Gulfof

Panama

GrandBay

San Jorge Gulf

AR

GE

NT

IN

A

CH

IL

E

C O L O M B I A

V E N E Z U E L AGUYANA

SURINAMEFRENCHGUIANA

B R A Z I L

ECUADOR

B O L I V I A

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

FALKLAND ISLANDS(U.K.)

PE

RU

MEXICOBELIZE

GUATEMALA

EL SALVADOR

HONDURAS

NICARAGUA

COSTA RICA

PANAMA

JAMAICA

C U B AHAITI

DOMINICANREPUBLIC

PUERTORICO(U.S.)

TRINIDAD ANDTOBAGO

Tierra delFuego

EastFalkland

Chiloé

WestFalkland

SouthGeorgia(U.K.)

SouthSandwichIslands(U.K.)

L e s s e rA

ntille

s

GalapagosIslands

(Ec.)

Isla San Felix(Chile)

Isla San Ambrosio(Chile)

Archipiélago

Juan Fernández(Chile)

South ShetlandIslands (U.K.)

South OrkneyIslands (U.K.)

Ma

gdal

ena

JapuráNegroPutumayo

U

cayali

Madeira

Juruá

Amazon

Ta

pajós

Paraná

Orinoco

LakeTiticaca

Amazon

Pa

r an

á

Tocan

tins


C A R I B B E A N S E AA T L A N T I C

O C E A N

D r a k e P a s s a g e

San Matías Gulf

Strait of Magellan

GULFOF

MEXICO

Río de la Plata

Tropic of Capricorn

Equator

Tropic of Capricorn

NORTH AMERICA

Caracas

Bogotá

Lima

Brasília

BuenosAires

Santiago

BelémManaus

Recife

São Paulo Rio deJaneiro

90

20

10

10

20

30

40

50

80˚ 70˚ 60˚ 50˚ 40

20

10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60 8090 70 60 50˚ 40 30 20100110 10

0

100

400 1000 Miles8000 200 600

900 12000 300 600 1500 Kilometers

N


Meters Feet

3,000

2,000

500

200

0

9,840

6,560

1,640

656

0

Land Elevation

Water Depth

2,000

200

0

6,560

656

0

A9

So

uth

Am

erica

: Ph

ysica

l

human emergence on earth a2 native america ... country state, province, or territory possession...

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