hsa review day 3 unit four
TRANSCRIPT
HSA Review: Unit Four
“The Top Floors” Our National Legislature:
1. Name: United States Congress(1) Chamber: House of Representatives (435 members)(2) Chamber: Senate (100 members)
2. Specific National Powers: - Print & Borrow Money- Create Army & Navy- Regulate interstate (between states) business
“The Middle Floors” Our State Legislature
1. Name: Maryland General Assembly (in Annapolis)
(1) Chamber: House of Delegates (141 members)
(2) Chamber: State Senate (47 members)
2. Specific State Powers:
- Issue licenses (marriage/driving)
- regulate intrastate (within state) business state lotteries
“The Bottom Floors” Our County Legislature
1. Name: Prince George’s County Council (Upper Marlboro)
(1 Chamber) 9 Members—from 9 equal districts (like US House)
2. Specific County Powers:
- Land use Zoning (what can be built and where)
- Police & Fire servicesWill Campos
Review: Referendum
* Referendum: a bill passed by a state/local legislature is given to voters for final support or refusal
USA Congress = Bicameral Legislature(1) Bicameral Meaning 2 CHAMBERS (2) Main Function of Legislative Branch = Make Laws
1. Bill = suggested new Law
2. Lawmaking Process = many steps in lawmaking (like assembly line)
3. The Law = If both chambers & President signs, the bill becomes law
Influencing the Lawmaking Process1. Constituents (the people):
- write letters, sign petitions, meet with representatives, vote in referendums
2. Media:
- give an issue little or lots of attention
3. Interest Groups:
- persuade lawmakers to make bills to help their own interests
- Donate to campaigns via PAC’s!
Enumerated Congressional PowersPages 157-161, Chart on 159 will be best help Explain in your own words the meaning of these powers
*Short Definition of Enumerated powers: specific Congressional powers in the Constitution
Money Powers
Military and Foreign Policy Powers
Commerce (trade) Powers
* collect taxes “power of the purse”
* regulates & prints money
* Declare war
* raise/support army & navy
* regulate foreign and interstate (between states) commerce
Necessary and Proper Congressional PowersPages 157-161, Chart on 159 will be best help Explain in your own words the meaning of these powers
Necessary and Proper Money Powers
Necessary and Proper Commerce (Business) Powers
Necessary and Proper Military & Foreign Policy Powers
Necessary and Proper Other Legislative Powers
1. Short Definition of Necessary and Proper powers : Powers Congress can do beyond their specific powers
2. Nickname of Necessary and Proper Clause: Elastic Clause
* Entitlements, public schools, Medicare, Medicaid, public housing
* Create a military draft
* regulate immigration laws
* Prevent discrimination in
businesses, restaurants
Making Congressional Districts Timeline
1. National Government takes census (population count) every 10 years
2. Using the census data, the national govt. reapportions (divides up) the how many seats/districts each state receives in the House of Representatives
3. Using the reapportionment info, states must create US Congressional districts of equal population.
4. Many States redistrict using controversial methods to help the majority political party in state legislature process called Gerrymandering
Congressional Redistricting* Role of States:
- States redistrict draw new Congressional boundaries based upon new census data every 10 years
The Basics
1. Civil Rights: political rights & freedoms guaranteed by Constitution for ALL Americans
2. Discrimination: Prejudice, usually based on race, religion, class, gender, disability, age.
Ending Racial & Gender Discrimination
* Civil Rights Act (1964):
Employers, Schools, Businesses cannot discriminate based on race/gender/religion
* Voting Rights Act (1965): forbids states from discriminately preventing citizens from voting - Bans poll taxes & literacy tests
Civil Rights Act of 1964 excerpt
“All persons shall be entitled to full and equal employment of the…services…of any place of public accommodation…without discrimination or segregation on the grounds of race, color, religion, or national origin.”
* What does this mean? Underline the key words
Political Cartoon* Women make up 51% of
population Only 36.4 percent of managers = Women (2002)
* For every $1 men make, women make about $.80
* Why do you think women historically make less money than men?
Ending Gender Discrimination * Higher Education Act Title IX
(1972): Forbids gender discrimination in any educational program - includes school sports- spur growth of women sports
*What is the opportunity cost of spending more money on women’s sports?
Ending Disability Discrimination
* Americans with Disabilities Act (1990): Forbids discrimination against disabled people
* Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1997): guarantees all disabled children access to a free and appropriate public education
Civil Rights Practice 1. Ellis feels that he shouldn’t have to take a
literacy test in order to vote, however, the poll judge won’t let him vote until he proves he can read.
2. Juanita is frustrated that the boy’s soccer team gets new uniforms and cleats this season, while the girl’s team must wear smelly old uniforms and cleats.
Civil Rights Practice3. Norman Najaf walks into KFC after school.
Norman overhears two workers making jokes about his skin color.
4. Crystal Cumpleaños recently broke her leg and uses a wheel chair. Crystal is annoyed that the mall does not have an elevator to make her shopping experience more pleasant.
5. Reggie Randall has legal documents that require him to have extra time taking tests, but his teacher refuses to let Reggie have extra time.
Nonlegislative Powers = Non-Lawmaking Powers
1. Choose a President:- If no presidential candidate receives a majority of electoral votes—the House chooses the President, Senate chooses the Vice President
2. Removal Power:- House can impeach (accuse) the President of wrongdoing- If impeached, the Senate conducts the trial
Nonlegislative Powers = Non-Lawmaking Powers
3. Ratification Power: - Senate must confirm all treatiesmade with other countries- Senate must confirm (approve)=all presidential appointments
4. Amendment Power:(1) 2/3 of Congress can propose
Constitutional amendments (changes)
(2) 3/4 of States must approve amendments