hrp 25.1 ando supplemental table 1 to author nov...
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Supplemental Table 1. Overview of the design, time, setting, population, and type of mental health problems in the studies included in this review Study, year Designa Timeb Prefecture N Population Agec Type of mental health problems
(measurement) Longitudinal studies (including randomized controlled trials) (except for studies in Fukushima)
Nishi et al. (2012)10 L T1: 1 m, T2: 4 m N/A 173 physicians, nurses, and operational coordination staff (Disaster Medical Assistance team members)
38.8 (7.6) PTSS (T2: IES‐R)
Nishi et al. (2012)11 R T1: < 9 m, T2: 12 w after T1
N/A 172 physicians, nurses, and operational coordination staff (Disaster Medical Assistance team members)
N/A PTSS (IES‐R)
Fushimi (2012)12 L T1: shortly A.D., T2: < 2 w, T3: < 1 m
Akita 117 firefighters N/A PTSS (IES‐R)
Funayama & Mizushima (2013)13
L T1: < 2 m B.D., T2: < 2 m
Tochigi 294 psychiatric outpatients 51.6 (17.5)–55.8 (18.0)
GAF‐F
Usui et al. (2013)14 L T1: 1 m, T2: 7 m, T3: 13 m, T4:19 m
Tokyo 109 patients with fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, control
42.3 (12.5)–56.0 (14.4)
traumatic stress (IES‐R)
Iwadare et al. (2014)15 L T1: 8 m, T2: 20 m Miyagi 1,919 junior high school students
13–15 PTSS (PTSSC‐15)
Iwadare et al. (2014)16 L T1: 8 m, T2: 20 m Miyagi 3,795 elementary school and junior high school students
10–15 PTSS (PTSSC‐15)
Nagata et al. (2014)17 L T1: 10–12 m, T2: 20–22 m
Iwate 200 residents of temporary housing
≥ 20 psychological distress (K6)
Inoue et al. (2015)18 L T1: 1–4 m, T2: 13–16 m
Tochigi 612 psychiatric outpatients 16–85, 49.2 (15.6) (T1)
PTSS (IES‐R)
Cross‐sectional studies (except for studies in Fukushima)
Tayama et al. (2012)19 C 9–11 d Iwate 25 individuals living in shelters and using counseling services
60.6 (15.8) psychological distress (K6)
Matsuoka et al. (2012)20
C 1 m N/A 424 physicians, nurses, and operational coordination staff (Disaster Medical Assistance team members)
38.2 (7.5) concern over radiation exposure (single self‐reported question), psychological distress (K6 and CES‐D)
Usami et al. (201221, 201322)
C 8 m Miyagi 11,639 children in kindergartens, elementary schools, and junior high schools
10.9 (2.7) PTSS (PTSSC‐15)
Tuerk et al. (2013)23 C 1 m Ibaraki 41 community residents who attended a public service mental health training course
33.8 (9.2) PTSS (PDS‐J)
Shiraga et al. (2013)24 C 9 m, 14 m Iwate 11; 19 life support advisors N/A mental health (GHQ‐28)
Takeda et al. (2013)25 C 9 m Miyagi 1,180 high school students 15–18 PTSS (IES‐R), premenstrual symptoms (PSQ)
Shiotani (2014)26 C 6 m Miyagi 1,000 voluntary participants (online survey)
18–69 depression (K6)
Usami et al. (2014)27 C 20 m Miyagi 10,909 elementary and junior high school students
10–15 PTSS (PTSSC‐15), strength and difficulty (SDQ)
Suzuki et al. (2014)28 C 7 m Miyagi 3,743 prefectural public servants
43.2 (10.4) mental distress (K6)
Dobashi et al. (2014)29 C 1 m Miyagi 606 Japan Ground Self‐Defense Force personnel
N/A (≥19) PTSS (IES‐R); psychological distress (K10)
Tsutsui et al. (2014)30 C 7 m N/A 82 employees of a public general hospital severely damaged by the tsunami
23–69 prolonged grief disorder (ICG), PTSD (IES‐R), MDD (CES‐D)
Yokoyama et al. (2014)31
C 6–11 m Iwate 10,025 community sample ≥18 psychological distress (K6)
Nishigori et al. (2014)32
C 6–9 m Miyagi 633 postpartum women N/A postpartrum depression (EPDS)
Momma et al. (2014)33
C 5 m Miyagi 522 employees of companies 35–55 PTSS (IES‐R‐J)
Tsuno et al. (2014)34 C 6 m Kanto region
825 local government employees
40.8 (11.2) PTSS (IES‐R)
Matsubara et al. (2014)35
C 1–4 m Miyagi 5454 community sample in tsunami‐flooded areas
>15 depressive reaction (PHQ‐2)
Sugimoto et al. (2014)36
C 12 m Japan 8,777 voluntary participants (online survey)
15–69 psychological distress (K6)
Fujiwara et al. (2014)37
C 18–27 m Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima
178 representative sample of preschool children
5–8 behavior problems (CBCL)
Usami et al. (201438, 39)
C 8 m, 20 m, 30 m Miyagi 11,639; 10,597; 10,812
children in kindergartens, elementary schools, and junior high schools
10.9 (2.7) PTSS (PTSSC‐15), strength and difficulty (SDQ)
Koyama et al. (2014)40 C 11–12 m Miyagi 281 refugees in temporary housing
≥ 40 psychological distress (K6)
Funakoshi et al. (2014)41
C 16 m Miyagi 1,973 high school students 15–18 PTSS (IES‐R), depression (QIDS‐J), anxiety (SAS)
Kuwabara et al. (2015)42
C 1.5 m Miyagi 2,259 elementary and junior high school students
9–15, 11.7 (1.7)
PTSSC‐15
Teramoto et al. (2015)43
C 10–12 m Iwate 296 individuals living in temporary housing
≥ 20, 59.0 (16.8)
psychological distress (K6)
Studies conducted in Fukushima
Kukihara et al. (2014)7 C 9 m Fukushima 241 evacuees in temporary housing
19–74 PTSS (IES‐R), depression (ZSDS)
Shigemura et al. (201244, 201445)
C 2–3 m Fukushima 1,495 full‐time nuclear power plant workers
39.6 (11.3) psychological distress (K6), PTSS (IES‐R)
Sawa et al. (201346,47) L T1: 5 m, T2: 11 m Fukushima 32 caregivers of those with intellectual disabilities
45.0 (11.7) psychological burden (GHQ‐12)
Tsubokura et al. (2014)48
C 2 m Fukushima 155 community residents 58–71 psychological distress (PHQ‐9)
Yabe et al. (2014)49 C T1: 10 m, T2: 22 m
Fukushima T1: 59,807; T2: 32,508
community residents in evacuation zone
T1: 55.5 (adults), T2: 59.0 (adults)
adults: general mental health (K6), PTSD (PCL) children: mental health status (SDQ)
Ben‐Ezra et al. (2015)50
C 37 m Fukushima 246 voluntary participants (online survey)
18–60, 41.3 (12.1)
PTSD (DSM‐5)
a C, cross‐sectional study; L, longitudinal study; R, randomized controlled study; b A.D., after disaster; B.D., before disaster c Age range, mean (standard deviation [SD]), or both are shown if presented in the study, with mean (SD) shown in italic font.
CBCL, Child Behavior Checklist; CES‐D, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; DSM‐5, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition; EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; GAF‐F, Global Assessment of Functioning; GHQ‐12, General Health Questionnaire‐12; GHQ‐28, General Health Questionnaire‐28; ICG, Inventory of Complicated Grief; IES‐R, Impact Event Scale‐Revised; IES‐R‐J, Japanese version of the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised; K6, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale‐6; K10, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale‐10; MDD, major depressive disorder; PCL, PTSD Checklist Stressor‐Specific Version; PDS‐J, Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale‐Japanese version; PHQ‐2, Patient Health Questionnaire‐2; PHQ‐9, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9; PSQ, Premenstrual Symptoms Questionnaire; PTSD, post‐traumatic stress disorder; PTSS, post‐traumatic stress reaction; PTSSC‐15, Post‐traumatic Stress Symptoms for Children‐15; QIDS‐J, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology; SAS, Zung Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale; SDQ, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; ZSDS: Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale; m, month