how to make a bibliography

8/4/2019 How to Make a Bibliography

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How to Make a Bibliography - A Handy Guideline

-- Based on the 6th Edition ofMLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers.

A BIBLIOGRAPHY is a list of sources used by the writer of a research paper,including books, encyclopedias, newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, interviews,

and electronic media. All the sources used are listed alphabetically.

NOTE: Book titles must be either underlined: Ants or italicized: Ants.

NOTE: Pay attention to spacing, capitalization and punctuation.

NOTE: When more than one publication location is cited on the title page, the

first city should be the one noted on your bibliopgraphy. Place of publication

usually includes the Name of the City, and the abbreviation of the State:Greenwood, CT.

NOTE: The information for your bibliography should come from the Title Page

of each book, NOT THE COVER, the SPINE or other sources (such as

WebCat.)

BOOKS

ONE AUTHOR

Overbeck, Cynthia. Ants. Minneapolis: Lerner Publication

Company, 1982.

Author's last name, Author's first name. Title. Place of publication: Publisher,

copyright date.

TWO OR THREE AUTHORS

Sewell, Barbara and Patrick Lynch. A First Look at Ants. New York:Walker & Company, 1992.

First Author's last name, First Author's first name and Full Names of 2nd and 3rd

Authors. Title. Place of publication: Publisher, copyright date.

MORE THAN THREE AUTHORS

Anderson, Norman D., et al. Ants : using biological indicators to

investigate environmental conditions. Raleigh, N.C.: Sci-Link/

Globe-Net Projects, North Carolina State University, 1999.


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Last Name of First Author, First Name of First Author, et al. Title. Place of

Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication.

EDITOR

Brandes, Kathleen, ed. Vanishing Species. New York: Time-Life

Books, 1976.

NO AUTHOR or EDITOR

The Secret World of Ants. Washington: National Geographic

Society, 1978.

PERIODICAL ARTICLES

(articles from MAGAZINES or NEWSPAPERS)

NOTE: The title is in quotation marks, not underlined or italicized.

Conolley, Steve. "Making a Mountain Out of an Anthill."

Scientist Weekly. 12 September 1987: 102-10.

Author's last name, Author's first name. "Title of the article." Name of periodical.

Date of the periodical: page numbers of the article.

ENCYCLOPEDIAARTICLES

NOTE: If the encyclopedia arranges articles in alphabetical order, you

may omit the volume and page numbers.

NOTE: If there is no author, list the title first.

Carlin, Norman F. "Ants." The World Book Encyclopedia.

Chicago: World Book Inc., 1994 ed.

Author's last name, Author's first name. "Title of the article." Name of

encyclopedia. Place of publication: Publisher, copyright date.

"Ant." The International Insect Encyclopedia. Vol.4. New York:

Scholastic Books, 1994. 123-42.

"Title of the article." Name of encyclopedia. Volume number. Place of

publication: Publisher, copyright date. Page numbers.

VIDEO/DVD

The Life of the Honeybee. VHS. Encyclopaedia Britannica


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Educational Corporation, 1980.

Title of the Video or DVD. Medium. Publisher/Production company, Copyright

date.

CD-ROM

"Common Ant." Creepy Crawlies. CD-ROM. Farnham, England:

Media Design Interactive, 1993.

"Title of article, or part." Title of the CD-ROM. Medium. Place of Publication:

Publisher, Date.

ON-LINE DATABASE ARTICLES from an Institution (such as The Dalton

School)

Brian, M.V. "Ant. Access Science. The Dalton School Libraries,

New York, NY. 06 Jan. 2004 .

Authors name. "Title of article." Name of the database service. Name of

Institution, Place of Institution. Access date

NOTE: If there is no author for the article, start the entry with the title.

EBOOK from NETLIBRARY

Hamilton, Ian. Ed. The Oxford Companion To Twentieth-century Poetry

in English, New York: The Oxford University Press, 1996, netLibrary. 5

April 2005. < http://www.netlibrary.com/Reader/>.

Author or Editor. Title. City: Publisher, Copyright Date, netLibrary. Access

Date.

WEB PAGES

NOTE: Always try to figure out who the AUTHOR of the web site/page is and

where this person got his/her information in order to determine the

RELIABILITY of the data. There are many personal interest pages out there

that are not trustworthy.

NOTE: ALSO, remember to record the DATE that you accessed your

materials or when the web site was last updated because on-line information

can be changed daily.

NOTE: The standard DATE format for online materials is Date Month. (3


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letter abbreviation) Year: 25 Mar. 2004

NOTE: There are many variants in citing different kinds of web sites. Make

sure that you consult theMLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (REF

808.02 GIB) or check with your teachers and librarians if you are not sure ofthe citation format.

ENTIRE WEB SITE

AntColony.org. Phillip Pi. Ant Colony Developers Association.

18 Feb. 2004 .

Title of the site. Name of the author/editor. Publication informaion (sponsoring

company, organization, institution, etc.) Date of Access .

PART/PAGE ON A WEB SITE

"Creature Feature: Ants." Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum.

Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum. 25 Jan. 2004

.

"Title of the part/page." Name of the entire site. Publication information

(sponsoring company, organization, institution, etc.) Date of Access .

Trager, James C. "An Introduction to Ants (Formicidae.)" Northern

Prairie Wildlife Research Center. Northern Prairie WildlifeResearch Center, U.S. Geological Survey. 03 Dec. 2003

. Path: Biological Resources;

Invertebrates; Species Accounts/Descriptions.

Author. "Title of the part/page." Name of the entire site. Publication information

(sponsoring company, organization, institution, etc.) Date of Access . Path: (mouse clicks that will take the readers/visitors to the page

cited. NOTE: Each step is separated by a semi-colon.)

A SAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY

The function for a bibliography is to allow your readers to locate the cited

entries. Whether they are books, videos, web sites, etc., you need to include the

most relevant information that can lead your readers back to the sources you

used for your research papers.

NOTE: Pay special attention to the arrangement of entries. They are

alphabetized according to the first letters/words. Articles A, An, The, are

ignored.


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Alphabetizataion

Anderson, Norman D., et al. Ants : using biological

indicators

to investigate environmental conditions. Raleigh,

N.C.: Sci-Link/Globe-Net Projects, North Carolina

State University, 1999.

Anderson

"Ant." The International Insect

Encyclopedia. Vol.4. New York: Scholastic Books,

1994. 123-42.

Ant

AntColony.org. Phillip Pi. Ant Colony Developers

Association. 18 Feb. 2004 .

AntC

Brandes, Kathleen, ed. Vanishing Species. New York: Time-

Life Books, 1976.

Brandes

Brian, M.V. "Ant. Access Science. The Dalton

School Libraries, New York, NY. 06 Jan.

2004 . Path:

Search Encyclopedia; type ant; GO.

Brian

Carlin, Norman F. "Ants." The World Book

Encyclopedia. Chicago: World Book Inc., 1994 ed.

Carlin

"Common Ant." Creepy Crawlies. CD-

ROM. Farnham, England: Media Design Interactive,

1993.

Common

Conolley, Steve. "Making a Mountain Out of an

Anthill." Scientist Weekly. 12 September 1987: 102-10.

Conolley

"Creature Feature: Ants." Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum.

Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum. 25 Jan. 2004

.

Creature

DiStefano, Vince. Guidelines for better writing. [On-

line] Available http://www.usa.net/vinced/home/better-

writing.html, 9 January 1996.

DiStefano

The Life of the Honeybee. VHS. Encyclopaedia Britannica

Educational Corporation, 1980.

Life

Overbeck, Cynthia. Ants. Minneapolis: Lerner

Publication Company, 1982.

Overbeck

The Secret World of Ants. Washington: National

Geographic Society, 1978.

Secret

Sewell, Barbara and Patrick Lynch. A First Look at Ants.

New York: Walker & Company, 1992.

Sewell

Trager, James C. "An Introduction to Ants (Formicidae.)"

Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center.

Trager


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Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological

Survey. 03 Dec. 2003 .

Path: Biological Resources; Invertebrates; Species

Accounts/Descriptions.

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