how to improve productivity and reduce aflatoxin
TRANSCRIPT
www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Date: 11 – 12 July - 2013
How to Improve Productivity and Reduce
Aflatoxin Joseph Atehnkeng
(For the aflasafe Team
www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium
During Production
www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Date: 11 – 12 July - 2013
• Make a plan of what crop to produce
• Where and how to acquire land • Buy
• Rent
• location
• Quantity of land
• Input required
• Certified seeds / seed rate
• Source of finance
• Aflatoxin testing facility
• Premium marketing
PLanning
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Good Agronomic Practices
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Consult Your Extension Agent
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Consult Your Extension Agent
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Timely weeding
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Control Stem borer
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Fertilizer Application
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Consult Your Extension Agent
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Apply Aflasafe
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Aflasafe adoption by farmers
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Pre and post harvest factor(s) that initiate toxin formation
• Pre harvest
– water stress - high-temperature stress (drought)
– insect damage of the host plant, - poor fertility
– high crop densities and - weed competition
• Post Harvest
- If drying is delayed - high moisture and
- warm temperatures - Damage by insect or rats
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Lodging
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Drying Maize and Aflatoxin Content
• < 17% grain moisture after 72h from
harvest, significantly high aflatoxin risk
• Rapidly dry the grain down to 13.5%
moisture content and store the seeds.
• Drying on black plastic sheets or cemented dry areas lead to safe moisture levels after approx. 5 days while drying maize cobs in ground needs minimum 10 days.
• Mycotoxigenic fungi at high levels when
drying on stalk or ground
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Avoid contact with Water
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Proper and improper heaping
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Harvesting
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Improper drying methods
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Control Insect During Storage
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Sort Cobs Before Storage
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Infested Maize Cobs
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Contaminated cobs/grains
Aspergillus in maize Penicillium in
maize
Aspergillus in
groundnut
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Storage
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Drying of Maize
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Drying Maize
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Safe Moisture Content
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Safe Moisture Content
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Explaining aflatoxin to farmers
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Avoid Drying Crop on Bare ground
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Incentives to Farmers
• Aflatoxin management practices not only minimizes the contamination, but also contributes to increased yields
• Fetches higher remuneration
• Safe to eat “aflatoxin” free food
• Potential for direct buying by export oriented industries – higher dividend
www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium Date: 02 – May - 2013