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RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2015 www.PosterPresentations.com Objective: To compare the ability of Salvinia minima and Peat Sorb TM to adsorb oil from in fresh and salt water Experimental Hypothesis: If applied to oil on a saltwater surface, then the Salvinia leaves would be a greater and more efficient oil sorbent because it is more oleophilic and hydrophobic than Peat Sorb TM and because salt water makes the oil more accessible. Null Hypothesis: There will be no statistically significant difference between the positive control and experimental groups. Independent Variable: Salvinia minima and the salinity of the water, either freshwater or salt water. Dependent Variable: Weight (g) and percent absorbance of the remaining oil/water solution measured with a spectrophotometer. Overview Introduction Design Salvinia Tanks Statistical Analyses Conclusions The results (p < 0.05 and little variation between groups) (TABLES 1) allowed the null hypothesis to be rejected. Likewise, results (figures 6 and 7) support the experimental hypothesis, with the caveat of salt water. It can be concluded that, Salvinia minima is a greater and more efficient oil sorbent in fresh and saltwater than Peat Sorb TM . Acknowledgements Teacher: Allison Hennings, R.N., B.S.N., M.A.T. Mentor: Dr. Bhupinder Dhir, Ph.D., University of Delhi Oil spills in water are a major concern in every part of the world. Oil spills occur at an alarming rate globally, and the high frequency of oil spills has increased awareness of the consequences they bring and has spurred researchers to try to develop solutions. Various oils, such as refined petroleum products, gasoline, diesel and their by- products, are released from tankers, drilling rigs, and wells. 1 These spills represent not only a loss of oil as an essential resource, but also have tremendous negative effects on the environment. Natural flora and fauna, and also human health are damaged from heavy metals like arsenic, lead, cadmium, copper and zinc in oil that invade the coral reef, river and stream ecosystems. 2 Apparatuses that are currently in use to clean oil are expensive. The sums of the labor used to remove the oil also add to enormous costs. A successful oil spill technique must be able to remove oil completely, while bringing no extra harm to the ecosystems in the area. 3 The purpose of this experiment was to use sorbents -- materials that absorb and/or adsorb substances -- as an oil spill cleanup technique (see Figure 2). More specifically, this experiment used a natural sorbent: the aquatic fern Salvinia minima. 3 Tamsen Cronin Oak Park and River Forest High School, Oak Park, IL BioGENEius 2017 A Novel Approach to the Cleanup of Oil Spills with Salvinia minima as a Natural Sorbent Figure 2 Figure 3 Procedure Salvinia minima were grown in constant conditions (Figures 4 & 5) Salvinia minima grown in a tank Random selection of Salvinia and exposed to oil in water Salvinia removed, Sudan IV added, percent absorption measured in spectrophotometer Salvinia were taken from the tanks, measured to be 0.01 g, then exposed to oil in fresh and salt water (Figure 2). Salvinia were removed from solutions, weighed again, and the lipid reagent Sudan IV was added to the remaining oil/water solutions. The new solution was placed in sterile cuvettes and put in the spectrophotometer. Process was repeated with the sorbent Peat Sorb TM (Figure 3). Figure 4 Figure 5 Relevant Applications to Biotechnology The environment, and all organisms living in it, are negatively affected by heavy metal oil pollution. There are many forms of oil polluted water rehabilitation, but many are not effective, costly, or inefficient. There is little to no published research that has investigated the interactions of different types of pollution, and how environmental factors like salinity affect the ability of people to correct human-caused pollution. New research could go toward developing a method that takes all of these factors into account when rehabilitating water. The application of this project would be constructing a synthetic material based on the physical composition of Salvinia. This material would have all of the components that make Salvinia an effective sorbent. The material would be hydrophobic, have an affinity for oil, and also have the hair like structures that increase surface area so that more oil can be adsorbed. Because the material would be an adsorbent, it would be reusable. This material, like the Salvinia leaves, would not have nay consequences on the environment. A new, cost efficient, environmentally friendly method is needed to clean up oil spills, and Salvinia offers a solution. Results 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Salvinia Fresh Water Peat Sorb Fresh Water Salvinia Salt Water Peat Sorb Salt Water Average Absorption Sorbent Average Oil Absorption of Salvinia and Peat Sorb Figure 6 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 Salvinia Fresh Water Peat Sorb Fresh Water Salvinia Salt Water Peat Sorb Salt Water Weight (grams) Sorbent Average Weight (g) of Salvinia and Peat Sorb Figure 7 Single-factor ANOVA for 30 control and experimental trials indicated that the differences between groups were statistically unlikely (p = 8.14996E-11) to have resulted from random variation within small sample sizes. TABLE 1. ANOVA Test Source of Varia/on SS df MS F pvalue F crit Between Groups 1.839739 3 0.613246 20.70909 8.14996E 11 2.682809 Within Groups 3.435042 116 0.29612 Total 5.274781 119 F tests were used for all related pairs of data sets to determine whether each t test should assume equal or unequal variance. F tests confirmed whether equal or unequal variance should be assumed for t tests. The t tests confirmed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between both Salvinia against Peat Sorb TM solutions within the experimental and positive control group, meaning Salvinia minima was significantly better than Peat Sorb TM (TABLE 1). References 1. Abd-Elnaby, A. M., & Egorov, M. A. (2012). Efficiency of different particle sizes of dried Salvinia natans in the removing of Cu(II) and oil pollutions from water. Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology, 34(3), 143-146. doi:10.3103/s1063455x12030046 2. Aguilera, F., Méndez, J., Pásaro, E., & Laffon, B. (2010). Review on the effects of exposure to spilled oils on human health. Journal of Applied Toxicology. doi:10.1002/jat.1521 3. Al-Majed, A. A., Adebayo, A. R., & Hossain, M. E. (2012). A novel sustainable oil spill control technology. Journal of Environmental Management, 113, 213-227. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.07.034 * Addi’onal references a1ached Figure 1 0.235 SEM +/ 0.1282 0.563 SEM +/ 0.1613 0.500 SEM +/ 0.1406 0.462 SEM +/ 0.2286 0.056 SEM +/ 0.0151 0.057 SEM +/ 0.0229 0.069 SEM +/ 0.0245 0.055 SEM +/ 0.0192

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Page 1: How to change the template color theme TamsenCronin You ...biotechinstitute.org/ul/posters/bg2017/submit/OxkYHX9a/106-Illinois-GEC-Tamsen-Cronin...This PowerPoint 2007 template produces

RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2015

www.PosterPresentations.com

(—THIS SIDEBAR DOES NOT PRINT—) DES I G N G U I DE

This PowerPoint 2007 template produces a 36”x48” trifold presentation poster. You can use it to create your research poster and save valuable time placing titles, subtitles, text, and graphics. We provide a series of online tutorials that will guide you through the poster design process and answer your poster production questions. To view our template tutorials, go online to PosterPresentations.com and click on HELP DESK. When you are ready to print your poster, go online to PosterPresentations.com Need assistance? Call us at 1.510.649.3001

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ORIGINAL   DISTORTED  

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 prin

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QU ICK START ( con t . )

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Objective: To compare the ability of Salvinia minima and Peat SorbTM to adsorb oil from in fresh and salt water Experimental Hypothesis: If applied to oil on a saltwater surface, then the Salvinia leaves would be a greater and more efficient oil sorbent because it is more oleophilic and hydrophobic than Peat SorbTM and because salt water makes the oil more accessible. Null Hypothesis: There will be no statistically significant difference between the positive control and experimental groups. Independent Variable: Salvinia minima and the salinity of the water, either freshwater or salt water. Dependent Variable: Weight (g) and percent absorbance of the remaining oil/water solution measured with a spectrophotometer.

Overview

Introduction

Design

Salvinia Tanks

Statistical Analyses

Conclusions

The results (p < 0.05 and little variation between groups) (TABLES 1) allowed the null hypothesis to be rejected. Likewise, results (figures 6 and 7) support the experimental hypothesis, with the caveat of salt water. It can be concluded that, Salvinia minima is a greater and more efficient oil sorbent in fresh and saltwater than Peat SorbTM.

Acknowledgements

Teacher: Allison Hennings, R.N., B.S.N., M.A.T. Mentor: Dr. Bhupinder Dhir, Ph.D., University of Delhi

Oil spills in water are a major concern in every part of the world. Oil spills occur at an alarming rate globally, and the high frequency of oil spills has increased awareness of the consequences they bring and has spurred researchers to try to develop solutions. Various oils, such as refined petroleum products, gasoline, diesel and their by-products, are released from tankers, drilling rigs, and wells.1 These spills represent not only a loss of oil as an essential resource, but also have tremendous negative effects on the environment. Natural flora and fauna, and also human health are damaged from heavy metals like arsenic, lead, cadmium, copper and zinc in oil that invade the coral reef, river and stream ecosystems.2 Apparatuses that are currently in use to clean oil are expensive. The sums of the labor used to remove the oil also add to enormous costs. A successful oil spill technique must be able to remove oil completely, while bringing no extra harm to the ecosystems in the area.3 The purpose of this experiment was to use sorbents -- materials that absorb and/or adsorb substances -- as an oil spill cleanup technique (see Figure 2). More specifically, this experiment used a natural sorbent: the aquatic fern Salvinia minima.3

Tamsen  Cronin  Oak  Park  and  River  Forest  High  School,  Oak  Park,  IL  

BioGENEius  2017  

A Novel Approach to the Cleanup of Oil Spills with Salvinia minima as a Natural Sorbent

Figure  2   Figure  3  

Procedure

Salvinia minima were grown in constant conditions (Figures 4 & 5)

Salvinia minima grown in a tank

Random selection of Salvinia and exposed

to oil in water

Salvinia removed, Sudan IV added,

percent absorption measured in

spectrophotometer

Salvinia were taken from the tanks, measured to be 0.01 g, then exposed to oil in fresh and salt water (Figure 2).

Salvinia were removed from solutions, weighed again, and the lipid reagent Sudan IV was added to the remaining oil/water solutions. The new solution was placed in sterile cuvettes and put in the spectrophotometer. Process was repeated with the sorbent Peat SorbTM (Figure 3).

Figure  4   Figure  5  

Relevant Applications to Biotechnology

•  The environment, and all organisms living in it, are negatively affected by heavy metal oil pollution.

•  There are many forms of oil polluted water rehabilitation, but many are not effective, costly, or inefficient.

•  There is little to no published research that has investigated the interactions of different types of pollution, and how environmental factors like salinity affect the ability of people to correct human-caused pollution.

•  New research could go toward developing a method that takes all of these factors into account when rehabilitating water.

•  The application of this project would be constructing a synthetic material based on the physical composition of Salvinia. This material would have all of the components that make Salvinia an effective sorbent. The material would be hydrophobic, have an affinity for oil, and also have the hair like structures that increase surface area so that more oil can be adsorbed. Because the material would be an adsorbent, it would be reusable.

•  This material, like the Salvinia leaves, would not have nay consequences on the environment.

•  A new, cost efficient, environmentally friendly method is needed to clean up oil spills, and Salvinia offers a solution.

Results

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

Salvinia Fresh Water Peat Sorb Fresh Water

Salvinia Salt Water Peat Sorb Salt Water Av

erag

e A

bsor

ptio

n

Sorbent

Average Oil Absorption of Salvinia and Peat Sorb

Figure  6  

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

Salvinia Fresh Water

Peat Sorb Fresh Water

Salvinia Salt Water

Peat Sorb Salt Water

Wei

ght

(gra

ms)

Sorbent

Average Weight (g) of Salvinia and Peat Sorb

Figure  7  

Single-factor ANOVA for 30 control and experimental trials indicated that the differences between groups were statistically unlikely (p = 8.14996E-11) to have resulted from random variation within small sample sizes.

TABLE  1.    ANOVA  Test

Source  of  Varia/on

SS df MS F p-­‐value F  crit

Between  Groups

1.839739 3 0.613246 20.70909 8.14996E-­‐11 2.682809

Within  Groups

3.435042 116 0.29612

Total   5.274781   119  

F tests were used for all related pairs of data sets to determine whether each t test should assume equal or unequal variance. F tests confirmed whether equal or unequal variance should be assumed for t tests. The t tests confirmed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between both Salvinia against Peat SorbTM solutions within the experimental and positive control group, meaning Salvinia minima was significantly better than Peat SorbTM (TABLE 1).

References 1.  Abd-Elnaby, A. M., & Egorov, M. A. (2012). Efficiency of different

particle sizes of dried Salvinia natans in the removing of Cu(II) and oil pollutions from water. Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology, 34(3), 143-146. doi:10.3103/s1063455x12030046

2.  Aguilera, F., Méndez, J., Pásaro, E., & Laffon, B. (2010). Review on the effects of exposure to spilled oils on human health. Journal of Applied Toxicology. doi:10.1002/jat.1521

3.  Al-Majed, A. A., Adebayo, A. R., & Hossain, M. E. (2012). A novel sustainable oil spill control technology. Journal of Environmental Management, 113, 213-227. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.07.034

*  Addi'onal  references  a1ached  

Figure  1  

0.235  SEM  +/-­‐  0.1282  

 

0.563  SEM  +/-­‐  0.1613  

 0.500  

SEM  +/-­‐  0.1406    0.462  SEM  +/-­‐  0.2286    

0.056  SEM  +/-­‐  0.0151  

 

0.057  SEM  +/-­‐  0.0229  

 

0.069  SEM  +/-­‐  0.0245  

 

0.055  SEM  +/-­‐  0.0192