How librarians are helping researchers navigate OA choices

An exploration of journal options and librarian outreach in scholarly publishing Laura Hassink, Senior Vice President, Science, Technology & Medicine Journal Publishing, Elsevier David Rew, Honorary Senior Lecturer and Consultant General Surgeon, University of Southampton; Medical Subject Chair, Scopus Content Selection & Advisory Board Robin Champieux, Scholarly Communication Librarian, Oregon Health & Science University Library

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October 17, 2013

Senior Vice President, Physical Sciences Science, Technology & Medicine Journals, Elsevier

Laura Hassink

Open Access – Setting the Scene How librarians are helping researchers navigate OA choices

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• What is open access?

• Helping researchers know their options

• Helping researchers find the best journal (with the right publishing model) for their work

Agenda

Open Access – Setting the Scene

Laura Hassink #LCwebinar

‘Open access’ is an umbrella term covering a range of models Open access

• posting of

• pre-publication manuscripts • author accepted manuscripts • published journal articles

• to institutional or subject repositories, or file sharing sites

• either by the publisher or the author (with or without the publisher’s consent)

• AKA: manuscript posting • Free to the author and reader

but relies on the subscription model

Gold OA: • author-side payment model • free to readers, permanently • includes fully OA journals as well as author-pays

articles in hybrid journals • AKA: author-pays

• journals which are mostly subscription-access but

include some open-access Articles • AKA: hybrid, sponsored articles

• articles in subscription

journals, made freely available to non-subscribed users

• after an embargo period • AKA: delayed access • Subscribed customers

effectively subsidise non-subscribed users

• Journals with only OA articles • AKA ‘fully OA journals’

• non-subscription access to journal articles • via the Internet • no reader-side payment (i.e. no subscriptions or pay-per-view)

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Open access growth is driven by advocacy, funder and institutional mandates, and changing author perceptions

– Moral obligation: tax payer research should be available to everyone

– Faster advancement of science – Higher dissemination and citations

• Many studies, mostly flawed • Strong evidence for higher downloads, but not for

higher citations

– Traditional system is unfair for authors

Open access advocacy Author perceptions

– Governments – Funding bodies – Institutions

Open Access mandates and policies

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Open access has grown rapidly over the past decade

• Gold OA (“Author Pays”) articles made up 7% of total in 2012

• The level of uptake varies

by field – highest in Life and Health Sciences

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

1996 2001 2006 2011

Artic

les (m

illion

)

Articles published by model

Gold OAGreen OA (preprints & AAMs)Subscription

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Elsevier is engaging with open access models

• Meet researchers’ needs – if authors want OA, we will enable it • Actively engage with all types of OA - both ‘Gold’ and ‘Green’ • ‘Test and learn’ via different approaches to working with funders, institutions and authors • Offer choice to authors to enable compliance with funder and institutional policies and reflect

personal preferences • Maintain focus on quality (of journals and processes) • Raise awareness of our OA options

Our approach to open access:

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Open access journals

A high quality journal where all articles are open access • Maintains rigorous peer review • Supported by publication fees • No subscription charges • Choice of user licenses • Range of open access publication fees

• Elsevier publishes 40+ open access journals • This number will grow

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Open access articles – expanded coverage, new pricing Option for publishing an open access article in a subscription journal • Allows authors to publish open access in high quality,

indexed journals • Maintains rigorous peer review • Choice of user licenses • Range of open access publication fees

Elsevier offers this choice in 1,600 established, peer reviewed journals

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Open archive • Subscription journals making articles freely available to

non-subscribed users after time delay • Time to free access varies due to differences in subject

fields • Subscribers subsidise access for non-subscribed users

Elsevier has c100 journals that feature open archives

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Green Open Access • Posting a manuscript to an institutional or subject repository • Publication costs are paid for by subscriptions, which enable

readers to access the final published version of the article Elsevier’s policy: • Authors can voluntarily self-archive preprints and accepted

manuscripts to institutional repositories and websites

• Where funders and institutions mandate manuscript posting, we seek agreements

• These require journal-specific embargo periods • To reflect diverse usage patterns • Our embargo periods are typically 12-24 months

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Find the right journal Look for

reputable journals

Collect key

info Check your

funding body and institution’s

policies

Keep your AAM

See your journal’s posting

policy

Make your article OA

Select a license and pay an OA

fee

Publish OA Share the final version of your

article

Tips for publishing Gold Open Access

Laura Hassink Open Access – Setting the Scene

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Consultant Surgeon, University Hospital of Southampton, UK, Editor-in-Chief, Eur J Surg Oncol 2003-2009, Council Member, COPE 2008-2010, Medical Subject Chair, Scopus Content Selection & Advisory Board (CSAB) 2009-Present

David Rew, MA MChir FRCS

Open Access Journals: A Scopus CSAB Perspective

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A brief introduction to Scopus

• An online abstract & citation data system for peer reviewed journals, (& books, patents, conference abstracts)

• Supported by Elsevier: subject to commercial disciplines • Friendly competitor to / benchmarked against Web of Knowledge/

Web of Science • Powerful analytical & evaluation tools • New bibliometric ranking tools for authors, articles & journals • Selective strategy towards quality content • 21,000 journal titles to 2013, >50 M records, back catalogue to 1800s

for some journals

• 2,630 registered OA Journals in October 2013

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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The Scopus Content Selection Advisory Board (CSAB)

• Diverse, international, independent-minded specialist team • Experienced Editors, Bibliometricians, Librarians • +/- 15 Subject Chairs in Sciences, Arts, Humanities • Created in present form in 2009 • Focussed on quality of journal content in Scopus • Meets twice yearly to brainstorm issues around protecting &

advancing quality in the peer reviewed literature

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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The Challenges to the Scopus CSAB • 18,000 scientific journals accrued to Scopus by 2009 • 5000 publishers • >10,000 new applicant journals since 2009 • (Approx. 2,000 per annum)

• Up to 80,000 potential candidate journals “out there”?

• Rapid emergence of: - new publishers - new publishing models, OA & - online “pay to publish” models & vanity publishing

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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The principles behind the work of the Scopus CSAB:

• Content (journals) to be preselected for “quality” • Includes metrics, durability, editors, boards, publishers • Focus is on international & worldwide utility of content • English language abstracts & website are very desirable • Proactive & continuous quality improvement strategy: all

journals associated with Scopus to be helped to improve

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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Scopus Journal evaluation: (1)

• The Scopus Title Evaluation Platform (STEP): an evolving IT system • Initial screening of applicants: Is it a peer reviewed journal? • Key information requested of publisher, eg publishing model, Editors,

Editorial Board, aims, speciality, target audience, history web site, sample content

• Publication Ethics & Malpractice Statement • Enrichment by Scopus Team: basic metrics collated (e.g. no of issues &

articles per year, currency of issues) • Final review by Scopus Subject Chair or invited reviewer

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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Title Evaluation Platform pipeline Oct 2012 (n=12,300 applicant journals since 2009)

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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Scopus Journal Evaluation: (2) • Decision communicated to Publisher/Editor/Suggestor • 30-50% acceptance rate by subject area

• Deferral from 1 to 5 years if weak/suspect/not yet established • Watch list of suspect publishers - with uncertain/obscure/unconventional business models - bad press, reasonable concerns - disproportionately large editorial boards to manuscript flow - (promise of) immediate acceptance (no time for credible review) • Absolute rejection is rare

• Advice offered to editors & publishers on quality improvement

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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Reasons “Not for Review” 10/2011-9/2012

(x) = rank in May 2012

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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Scopus CSAB & Publication Ethics: A Success Story • International concern about Ethical Standards & Malpractice - of authors and researchers - of publishers • Until 2010, many journals did not mention Ethics • Position paper discussed & agreed by Scopus CSAB • Publication of an explicit Ethics/Malpractice policy now mandatory for

every journal as a condition of acceptance / retention in Scopus • Journals referred to COPE/WAME/other independent bodies for advice on

wording • Immediate impact on all peer review journals • Excuse: “I didn’t know” no longer tenable for authors & publishers

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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Future challenges for the Scopus CSAB • Determination of appropriate metrics to follow over time for each & every journal • Determination of point at which journal - has failed, is failing or is in need of “intensive care” • Determination of policies for handling failed & failing journals • Introduction of detection systems for “fraudulent” material & “susceptible” journals

? Deja Vu ? iThenticate etc • Better communication of the value of CSAB processes to the professional

community • Promote debate on worldwide standards & policing of Publication Ethics &

Malpractice

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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The Scopus CSAB & Open Access Journals • All journals of quality have a publication cost which must be met somehow • Starting point for assessment of each journal is “funding-neutral”: • so long as the funding model does not overtly compromise quality of content

through profit motive = vanity/pay to publish/predation • Each Scopus applicant journal is judged through the STEP process on its merits,

regardless of its publisher • Some journals will slip through the initial quality assurance net BUT • Study of a journal’s metrics over time provides the best measure of quality • Independent advisory boards can make a significant contribution to policing &

raising quality & ethical standards in the peer reviewed literature whatever the publishing model (we would like to think!)

David Rew Open Access Journals: A CSAB Perspective

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Scholarly Communication Librarian Oregon Health & Science University @ARCScon

Robin Champieux

Navigating Open Access How librarians are helping researchers navigate OA choices

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Robin Champieux Navigating Open Access

Robin Champieux Navigating Open Access

Publication Fees in Open Access Publishing: Sources of Funding and Factors Influencing Choice of The Journal David J Solomon Bo‐Christer Björk http://www.openaccesspublishing.org/apc

Fit & Reach

Quality

Speed

Image credit: http://www.celesteprize.com/artwork/ido:148561/

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Thinking Across the Cycle and Beyond the PDF

Image credit: http://cap-net.org/content/network-manager%E2%80%99s-training/

Fit

http://www.doaj.org/

http://www.biosemantics.org/jane/index.php

http://www.journalguide.com/

Navigating Open Access Robin Champieux #LCwebinar

Reach

http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo

http://www.opendoar.org/find.php

ww.academia.org

wwww.figshare.com

http://scholars.sciencecommons.org/

Navigating Open Access Robin Champieux #LCwebinar

Image credit: St. Emlyn’s http://stemlynsblog.org/research/

QUALITY IS NOT AN OPEN ACCESS ISSUE.

Navigating Open Access Robin Champieux #LCwebinar

Quality

http://am.ascb.org/dora/

http://bit.ly/1cVJBF6

http://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/

http://oaspa.org/

Navigating Open Access Robin Champieux #LCwebinar

How much time have you lost?

Image credit: yubanet.com

Speed The Publishing Delay in Scholarly Peer Reviewed Journals David J Solomon Bo‐Christer Björk

http://openaccesspublishing.org/oa11/article.pdf

http://www.rubriq.com/

http://f1000research.com/

https://peerj.com/

https://www.openlibhums.org/

Navigating Open Access Robin Champieux #LCwebinar

Dollars and Sense

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How librarians are helping researchers navigate OA choices

THANK YOU 17 October 2013 Laura Hassink, Senior Vice President, Science, Technology & Medicine Journal Publishing, Elsevier L.hassink@elsevier.com David Rew, Honorary Senior Lecturer and Consultant General Surgeon University of Southampton Medical Subject Chair, SCOPUS Content Selection and Advisory Board Robin Champieux, Scholarly Communication Librarian at Oregon Health & Science University Library champieux@ohsu.edu @ARCScon

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Thank you for joining us for another episode of the Library Connect Webinar series

Join us for the APAC-focused version of How Libraries are raising researchers reputations on December 5, 2013

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