How do you say in English?

A workshop by José Roberto A. Igreja

Source language (Portuguese) >>> Target language (English)

Literal equivalence sometimes occurs ...

Kill time

Break the ice

Students need to be reminded that literal equivalence is not always possible!

Um mar de rosasA bed of roses

“A gota d´água ... ... que faz o balde transbordar” “The last straw ... ... that breaks the camel´s back”

Students need to be reminded that literal equivalence is not always possible!

Morrer de rir

Laugh one´s head off

Our ultimate goal as teachers ...

Helping our students communicate more naturally!

What do we have to teach them to guarantee that?

• Grammar • Vocabulary• Idioms• Phrasal verbs• Colloquial terms/Slang• Collocations

>>> Students need to be exposed to real language ...

Typical mistakes caused by source language interference

1. She lives in São Paulo for 7 years. She has lived in São Paulo for 7 years. (Target language equivalent)

2. Have many strangers living in New York. There are many foreigners living in New York. (Target language equivalent)

3. They want that you arrive more early. They want you to arrive earlier. (Target language equivalent)

4. The book is with her. She has the book. (Target language equivalent)

5. The use of preservatives is a safe way to avoid VD. The use of condoms is a safe way to avoid VD. (Target language equivalent)

6. Tim only visits his wife´s family eventually. Tim only visits his in-laws occasionally. (Target language equivalent)

Typical mistakes caused by source language interference

7. Nick had to be rushed to the emergency room after some guys spanked him.

Nick had to be rushed to the emergency room after some guys beat him up. (Target language equivalent)

To spank: to strike the buttocks of with the open hand

Broadening linguistic horizons with Idioms!

Jeff: “Did you like the movie ?” Brad: “Oh , yeah. I got a kick out of it.”

“Get a kick out of something” = Enjoy something greatly

Is everything ready for the presentation?

“All set” = ready

- - - - - - Quiz - - - - - -

If you “get something off your chest” …

a-) you throw up.

b-) you go on a diet and lose weight.

c-) you tell someone that you are happy about something.

d-) you tell someone about something that has been worrying and/or annoying you.

Idioms for just about any situation ...

1. Choose something; make a choice Take one´s pick

2. Very rarely; hardly ever

Once in a blue moon

3. Use your influence to get something

Pull strings

4. Talk about work or business during free time

Talk shop

5. Remind one of something; seem familiar

Ring a bell

6. Pay for something

Pick up the tab

7. Someone who is not very active and spends a lot of time watching t.v.

Couch potato

Meanings of the verb GET answer become earn buy catch understand arrive receive pick up

I couldn´t get tickets for the show. They were sold out. (Meaning: buy)

I get a lot of e-mail every day. (Meaning: receive)

Larry got to the airport just in time to catch his plane. (Meaning: arrive)

It was kind of cold before, but it´s getting warmer now. (Meaning: become)

Tom gets a good salary working for an insurance company. (Meaning: earn)

I´m feeling kind of strange. I think I´m getting a cold. (Meaning: catch)

Thanks to the new antenna we can now get the sports channel. (Meaning: pick up)

I don´t think Paul got the joke. He didn´t laugh at all. (Meaning: understand)

Can you get the phone honey? I´m busy in the kitchen. (Meaning: answer)

Collocations“A familiar grouping of words, especially words that habitually appear

together and thereby convey meaning by association.”

“A collocation is made up of two or more words that are commonly used together in English.”

quick train ???

>>> fast train

shower?

>>> quick shower

Achados e perdidos

Collocations

• Skim• Condensed• Chocolate• Whole• Steamed• Soy• A glass of • A carton of• Low-fat • Milk shake

Collocations

Time: What words collocate with “time”?

Free time Run out of time Save time Spare time Spend some time Take your time Tell somebody the time Time goes by Waste time Time flies!

Collocations

PayPay attention

Pay cash

Pay a bill

Pay by credit card

Pay interest

Pay someone a visit

Pay someone a compliment

Pay a fine

Pay the price

Pay through the nose

Tour of the book

• Over 600 colloquial terms and expressions• Acronyms• Swearwords • Curiosities • Anglicismos

Tour of the book

Tour of the book

Tour of the book

Tour of the book

ATV; four-wheeler (quadriciclo)

ATV = All-terrain vehicle

Tour of the book - Colloquial terms

1. Desastrado

2. Me deu um branco

3. Bom de cama

4. Rango; boia

5. Mancada

6. Birita (bebida alcólica)

7. Foi mal!

1. Klutz; clumsy

2. My mind went blank

3. Good lay

4. Grub

5. Goof

6. Booze

7. My bad!

Tour of the book - Colloquial terms

1. Tim is such a klutz! He keeps dropping things all over the place.

2. When Mary asked me where I had been in the morning my mind went blank.

3. So tell me, Rick: is she a good lay or not?

4. The grub here is great! Who cooked all this?

5. Harry made a real goof by making that silly comment.

6. “Where’s the booze?”, Phil asked his friends as soon as he arrived at the party.

7. Oops, sorry! I guess I shouldn’t have said that. My bad!

Tour of the book - Acronyms

RAP:[UNCOUNTABLE] MUSIC a way of talking using rhythm and rhyme, usually over a strong musical beat. Ex. a leading rap artist

source: Macmillan dictionary

Tour of the book - Acronyms

1. PIB: Produto Interno Bruto 2. TPM: Tensão Pré-menstrual 3. LER: Lesão por Esforços

Repetitivos4. ONG: Organização Não

Governamental 5. OTAN: Organização do Tratado do

Atlântico Norte

What do these acronyms stand for?

RIPSAPSUVYUPPY

1. GDP: Gross Domestic Product2. PMS: Premenstrual Syndrome3. RSI: Repetitive Strain Injury

4. NGO: Non-governmental Organization

5. NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization

RIP = Rest In PeaceSAP = Second Audio ProgramSUV = Sports Utility VehicleYUPPY = Young Urban Professional

Tour of the book - Mistakes caused by the interference of “Brazilian English”

Outdoor (Brazil)

Billboard (U.S.)

Smoking (Brazil)

Tuxedo, Tux (U.S.)

Tour of the book - Mistakes caused by the interference of “Brazilian English”

I went to the shopping last night. (Typical mistake caused by the interference of “Brazilian English”)

I went to the shopping center (or “mall”) last night.

Cooper = running / jogging?

Dr. Kenneth Cooper “Aerobics”: term coined by Dr. Cooper in 1968

Tour of the book - Interference of “Brazilian English”

Barman (Brazil)Bartender (U.S.)Barman/barmaid (England)

Trailer (Brazil)

Trailer (U.S.) Caravan (England) R.V. = Recreational Vehicle

Tour of the book - Interference of “Brazilian English”

Terms from the English language incorporated into Portuguese

• Personal trainer (Brazil & U.S.)• Workshop (Brazil & U.S.)• Feedback (Brazil & U.S.)• Hacker (Brazil & U.S.) • Full-time/part-time (Brazil & U.S.)• Workaholic (Brazil & U.S.)• Etc ...

• Pen drive (Brazil) - flash drive (U.S.)

Tour of the book - Curiosities

TacosTaco de sinuca ...

Taco de golfe ...

Taco de beisebol ...

Taco de hóquei ...

A matter of context X The context matters ...

Spot the mistakes in the sentences below:

1-) We celebrate the birthday of São Paulo on January 25th. anniversary

2-) I think I will renew my signature to Time magazine. I need to keep well-informed. subscription

3-) Over 600 people attended William and Kate´s marriage at Westminster Abbey. wedding

4-) That´s enough shuffling Jim! Give me the deck. I´ll give the cards this time. deal

5-) Nancy has never been very good at decorating passwords. memorizing

6-) The tables in the restaurant were beautifully decorated with red towels, flowers and candles. tablecloths

7-) After their divorce Larry was ordered to pay pension to his former wife, to help her support their children. alimony

Tour of the book - Curiosities: Signs

Tour of the book - Curiosities

Tour of the book - Curiosities

Teddy bearTheodore (“Teddy”) Roosevelt

baby bear = cub

Tour of the book - Curiosities

• Ok você venceu!• Olho roxo • Orelha de livro• Cê-cê: cheiro de corpo• Hotel 5 estrelas

1. Ok, you win!

2. Black eye

3. Flap

4. B.O. = body odor

5. Five-star hotel

Workshop: How do you say in English?

to receive this powerpoint presentation by e-mail contact me at:

jr@dialectoenglish.com.br

José Roberto A. Igreja