how do you know which chart to use? · 6 common types of charts column chart stacked bar chart line...
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How do you know which chart to use?In this PowerPoint, each chart will be defined
and described with an example of the data it is most appropriately suited to represent.
How are charts used in other classes? Are charts used in Algebra? Why?
Are charts used in Social Studies? Why?
Are charts used in English? Why?
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 2
What you need to know
You need to know:
The six common charts used in business.
The object is to understand how each chart is used to communicate information. For example, if you are trying to compare the sales of
Honda Civics to the sales of Nissan Altimas, what chart will best explain the data?
Why is one chart preferred over another?
Which chart will best communicate the data?
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 3
6 Common types of charts
Column Chart
Stacked Bar Chart
Line Chart
XY Scatter Chart
Pie Chart
Exploded Pie Chart
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 4
Column ChartA Column Chart is used to make
comparisons and generalizations about groups of data.
such as, to compare the number of students from each class (Sophomores, Juniors, and Seniors) and their attendance and school spirit at assemblies.
A Column Chart is a series of vertical chart
columns, each representative of a data series.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 5
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 6
Column Chart
Spirit Participation
0
20
40
60
80
100
January February March April
Month
Att
end
an
ce R
ate
Seniors
Juniors
Sophomores
This chart compares the attendance rates/school spirit of Seniors, Juniors, and Sophomores at assemblies over a period of four months.
School Spirit at Assemblies
Which group has the most consistent school spirit? The Sophomores have the most
consistent attendance/school spirit, as evidenced by the green bars.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.
Slide 7
Compare
Slide 8
Stacked BarSpirit Participation
0 50 100 150 200
January
February
March
April
Mo
nth
PercentSophomoresJuniorsSeniors
This chart focuses
more on each
group’s
contribution to the
whole for any
given month.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.
Slide 9
Line Spirit Participation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
January February March April
Month
Perc
en
t
SophomoresJuniorsSeniors
This chart
would be okay
if we were
analyzing
trends in
attendance
rates, but it
does not
provide a good
side-by-side
comparison.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.
Slide 10
XY ScatterSpirit Participation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 2 3 4 5
Month
Perc
en
t Juniors
Seniors
Sophomores
This chart is trying to determine if there is a correlation
between the month and the attendance rate.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.
Slide 11
Pie Sophomores
25%
26%25%
24%January
February
March
April
Finally, this chart is
useless for
representing the
data because it
only allows for one
data series.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.
Stacked Bar Chart
A Stacked Bar Chart is used to represent the sum of more than one value and compare the contribution of individuals to the whole.
such as, to compare the total sales for three components/departments to the whole sales for a store.
A Bar or a Stacked Bar Chart is a series of horizontal bars, each representative of a data series. Each bar is divided into two or more parts The length of the stacked bar represents a total.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 12
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 13
Another Stacked Bar Chart example:
Question:
The CTE Dept. has
received test scores for
the first semester.
The Dept. chair wants
to see how each area
(Business, Marketing,
Technology)
contributed to the
combined score.
What is the best chart
type to use?
Answer:
Stacked Bar Chart
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 14
Stacked Bar
This example shows the contributions of three components--Computers, Printers, and Monitors--to total sales during each quarter (three-month period).
8,000
7,000
8,000
5,000
15,755
25,000
12,575
10,500
2,500
3,500
3,500
3,300
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Pe
rio
d
Sales (in Thousands)
Printers
Computers
Monitors
ABC
Computers
Quarterly
Report
Sales
Analysis
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.
Slide 15
Compare
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 16
ColumnABC Computers Quarterly Report
Component Analysis
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
1st
Quarter
2nd
Quarter
3rd
Quarter
4th
Quarter
Quarter
Sale
s (
in T
ho
usan
ds)
Printers
Computers
Monitors
Bar
This chart does not accurately represent the contributions of each part to the whole and is instead comparing them against each other.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 17
Line ABC Company Quarterly Report
Component Analysis
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
1st
Quarter
2nd
Quarter
3rd
Quarter
4th
Quarter
Quarter
Sale
s (
in T
ho
usan
ds)
Printers
Computers
Monitors
Line
What about this chart? Can you clearly identify each component’s contribution to the whole?
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 18
XY Scatter ABC Computers Quarterly Report
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
0 1 2 3 4 5
Quarter
Sale
s (
in T
ho
usan
ds)
Printers
Computers
Monitors
XY Scatter
Why does this chart not work?
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 19
PieABC Computers Quarterly Report
Component Analysis
18%
28%
25%
29%1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Pie
This chart only looks at onedepartment.
Line Chart
A Line Chart is used to show trends or changes in data over time.
such as, growth in sales over several quarters.
A Line Chart is a series of data points connected by horizontal lines, each representing a series of data.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 20
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 21
Question:
The CTE Dept. Chair
is reviewing test
scores and wants to
see the trends of the
scores of students in
these 3 areas
(Business, Marketing,
Technology) for the
past 5 years.
What is the best chart
type to use?
Answer:
Line Chart
Another Line Chart example
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 22
Line Chart
Which department showed the most growth?
Which department showed a steady increase in sales?
Which department showed a decline in sales?
Sales Trends by Department
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
1st Quarter 2nd
Quarter
3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
Period
Sa
les
(in
Th
ou
sa
nd
s)
Music
Shoes
Clothing
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.
Slide 23
Compare
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 24
ColumnSales Trends by Department
1,000
11,000
21,000
31,000
41,000
51,000
61,000
1st Q
uarte
r
2nd Q
uarte
r
3rd Q
uarte
r
4th
Qua
rter
Quarter
Sale
s (
in T
ho
usan
ds)
Music
Shoes
Clothing
Bar
•To analyze the
trends in this chart,
the reader must read
each data series
separately and then
make comparisons
and generalizations.
•However, in the
previous Line Chart,
trends were clearly
and quickly analyzed
just by looking at the
lines.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 25
Stacked Bar
- 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000
Sales (in Thousands)
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Qu
art
er
Sales Trends by Department
Music
Shoes
Clothing Stacked Bar
Does this chart
describe
trends?
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 26
Pie Music
15%
19%
25%
41%1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Pie
The pie
chart fails to
present all
of the data.
XY Scatter
An XY Scatter Chart is used to indicate the correlation of two or more sets of data.
such as, the correlation between stress rates and wait time in a doctor’s office. or the correlation between pulse rates and
wait time in the principal’s office.
A business example of an XY Chart is one that represents the effect (if any) of caffeine on worker productivity.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 27
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 28
XY Scatter
What effect
did the wait
time in the
principal’s
office have on
pulse rate?
What effect
did the wait
time in the
doctor’s
office have on
pulse rate?
Stress Analysis
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 5 10 15
Wait Time (in Minutes)
Pu
lse R
ate
Principal's
Office
Doctor's
Office
This data is fictional.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 29
Compare
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 30
Column Stress Rates
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1 2 3 4 5 6
Minutes
Pu
lse
Ra
te
Principal's Office Pulse Rate
Principal's Office Minutes
Doctor's Office Pulse Rate
Doctor's Office Minutes
Bar
As you can
see, if this
chart is used,
the data is
confusing and
not easily
interpreted.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 31
Stacked Bar Stress Rates
0 50 100 150 200 250
1
2
3
4
5
6
Min
ute
s
Pulse Rate
Principal's Office Pulse RatePrincipal's Office MinutesDoctor's Office Pulse RateDoctor's Office Minutes
Stacked Bar
This chart is
also hard to
interpret.
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business.Slide 32
Pie Principal's Office Pulse Rate
60
70
80
90
100
1251
2
3
4
5
6
Pie
The pie chart,
once again, is
clearly not the
preferred chart for
representing and
communicating
the data!
Pie ChartA Pie Chart is used to represent only one
series of data.
A Pie Chart shows the contribution of each component of one series of data to the whole.
such as, the percentage (%) of each expenditure to the total budget
the % of each investment type in a portfolio
It answers the question, “What is the percentage of each part to the whole?”
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 33
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 34
Pie Chart
Which item
contributed
the most
percent to
total sales?
Financial Budget
East Region
57%
17%
13%13%
Printers
PDAs
Desktops
Laptops
Exploded Pie Chart
An Exploded Pie Chart is a pie chart in which the individual components are enhanced.
It is used to emphasize one or more portions of the data (one piece of the pie is enhanced).
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 35
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 36
Exploded Pie Chart
Music Sales by Genre
16%
24%
33%
27%Classical
Country
Rock
Hip Hop
Review: Can you identify the charts?
1. Represents the contribution of individual items to the whole
2. Indicates trends in data
3. Makes comparisons about groups of data
4. Emphasizes one or more portions of the data
5. Represents only one series of data
6. Indicates a correlation
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 37
Stacked Bar
8,000
7,000
8,000
5,000
15,755
25,000
12,575
10,500
2,500
3,500
3,500
3,300
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000
1st Quarter
2nd Quarter
3rd Quarter
4th Quarter
Pe
rio
d
Sales (in Thousands)
Printers
Computers
Monitors
ABC
Computers
Quarterly
Report
Sales
Analysis
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 38
XY Scatter
Stress Analysis
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 5 10 15
Wait Time (in Minutes)
Pu
lse R
ate
Principal's
Office
Doctor's
Office
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 39
Column Chart
Spirit Participation
0
20
40
60
80
100
January February March April
Month
Att
end
an
ce R
ate
Seniors
Juniors
Sophomores
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 40
Exploded Pie
Music Sales by Genre
16%
24%
33%
27%Classical
Country
Rock
Hip Hop
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 41
PieFinancial Budget
East Region
57%
17%
13%13%
Printers
PDAs
Desktops
Laptops
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 42
Line Sales Trends by Department
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
1st Quarter 2nd
Quarter
3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
Period
Sa
les
(in
Th
ou
sa
nd
s)
Music
Shoes
Clothing
4.02 Understand charts/graphs used in business. Slide 43