how cool are fungi? · •fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •molecular data...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
How Cool Are Fungi?
Dr. Nicole GauthierUniversity of KentuckyDepartment of Plant Pathology
Photo: Curtis Young, Ohio State University
![Page 2: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Plant Pathology
Interaction between plant pathogens and host plants.
Study of plant disease
Plant Pathogens:
• Fungi
• Bacteria
• Viruses
• Water molds
• Nematodes
![Page 3: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Fungi… The Fun Guy
More closely related to animals than plants
Ancient group
• Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old
• Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old
• Bacteria 3.5 billion years old
• Plants 425 million years old
Photo web.augsburg.edu
![Page 4: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Strength in Numbers
85% plant diseases are fungal
1,500,000 fungal species, but only 100,000 species described
• 250,000 plant species (6x more fungi than plant species)
Photo: Kim Leonberger, University of Kentucky
![Page 5: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Fungi or “Fungi”
True Fungi,
• Kingdom Fungi
Oomycetes
• Kingdom Chromista
Slime molds
• Kingdom Protista
![Page 6: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Food for Fungi
Energy from other sources –heterotrophic
Decomposers, parasites, pathogens, or symbionts.
• Biotroph – from living hosts
• Necrotroph – kill host cells
• Saprotroph – from dead or decayed hosts
![Page 7: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Entomopathogens
Parasitize insects
• Zombie ants
• Biocontrol
Photo: Wikipedia, madonscience.blogspot.com
![Page 8: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Animal Parasites
White nose bats
Frog killer
Yeast
Histoplasmosis
Aspergillus
Photo Summit Environmental Solutions
![Page 9: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Plant Diseases
• Leaf spots
• Molds
• Cankers
• Wood rots
• Root rots
![Page 10: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Plant Diseases
Leaf spots
![Page 11: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Plant Diseases
Molds
Mildews
![Page 12: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Plant Diseases
Cankers
![Page 13: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Plant Diseases
Wood rots
Photo Bugwood, Joseph O’Brien, US Forest Service
![Page 14: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Plant Diseases
Root rots
Photo Elizabeth Bush, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
![Page 15: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Saprobes
Mulch fungi
Slime molds
Photo Gary Emberger, Messiah College
![Page 16: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Saprobes
Mulch fungi
Slime molds
Photos: Cheryl Kaiser and John Hartman, University of Kentucky
![Page 17: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Life Cycles
Disease Triangle
• Host
• Pathogen
• Environment
• Free Water
• Moderate Temperatures
Photo Ed Zaborski, University of Illinois
![Page 18: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Life Cycles
Survival
Overwintering
![Page 19: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Plant Disease Management
Does the disease need to be managed?
Cultural Practices
• Water management
• Sanitation
• Resistant cultivars
• Rotation
Fungicides
• Preventative
![Page 20: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Biodiversity
• Consider no management
• Protection of beneficials
![Page 21: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Resources
![Page 22: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Resources
![Page 23: How Cool Are Fungi? · •Fossil record indicates fungi 460 million years old •Molecular data suggest >1 billion years old •Bacteria 3.5 billion years old ... •Zombie ants •Biocontrol](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042812/5fae88224883b56bb36bdb24/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)