SLUMS OF INDIA CENSUS 2011

HOUSING STOCK, AMENITIES & ASSETS IN SLUMS - CENSUS 2011

Dr C. CHANDRAMOULIREGISTRAR GENERAL & CENSUS COMMISSIONER, INDIA1

A Slum in Delhi2Definition of a SlumA Slum, for the purpose of Census, has been defined as residential areas where dwellings are unfit for human habitation by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty arrangements and design of such buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement of street, lack of ventilation, light, or sanitation facilities or any combination of these factors which are detrimental to the safety and health. 3Identification of Slums in CensusFor the purpose of Census, slums have been categorized and defined as of the following three types:Notified SlumsRecognized SlumsIdentified Slums4All notified areas in a town or city notified as Slum by State, UT Administration or Local Government under any Act including a Slum ActNotified SlumsRecognized SlumsIdentified SlumsIdentification of Slums5All areas recognised as Slum by State, UT Administration or Local Government, Housing and Slum Boards, which may have not been formally notified as slum under any act Notified SlumsRecognized SlumsIdentified SlumsIdentification of Slums6A compact area of at least 300 population or about 60-70 households of poorly built congested tenements, in unhygienic environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities (Identified). Notified SlumsRecognized SlumsIdentified SlumsIdentification of Slums7Data on Slum from CensusIt is for the first time in Census that datasets on Housing stock, Amenities and Assets based on the Houselisting and Housing Census are being releasedIn Census 2001, information on Slums were released only on demographic characteristics based on the Population Enumeration. For this purpose, Slum Blocks were identified in Statutory Towns having a population of 20,000 by the local authorities at the time of Population Enumeration phaseIn Census 2011, Slum Blocks have been delineated in all statutory towns irrespective of population size.8Census 2011 Results9Out of 4,041 Statutory Towns in Census 2011 Slums reported from 2,543 Towns (63%)Total Slum Enumeration Blocks (SEBs) in Census 2011 is about 1.08 lakh in the countryLargest number of Slum EBs reported from Maharashtra (21,359)

Towns Reporting SlumsIndia : Census 2011

10Notified Slums 37,072Recognised Slums30,846Identified Slums40,309Total: 1,08,227 Blocks

Number of Slum Blocks by Type of Slums India : Census 2011

11Notified Slums 49.65 lakh HHsRecognised Slums37.96 lakh HHsIdentified Slums49.88 lakh HHsTotal: 137.49 lakh HHsHouseholds by Type of Slums India : Census 2011

12Slum & Non-Slum Households India 2011 IndicatorNumber of households(in lakh)Total (Urban)789Slum 137Non-Slum 652Number of households (in %)Slum 17.4Non-Slum 82.613Number of Slum Households in Million Plus Cities IndicatorNumberNumber of Slum Households (in lakh)Total (Slum)137Slum in Million Plus Cities52Slum in other Cities85Number of Slum Households (in %)Slum in Million Plus Cities38.1Slum in other Cities61.938 % of the slum households are in 46 Million Plus Cities14Top/Bottom 5 States Reporting Slum HouseholdsStateProportion of Slum HHs to Urban HHs (%)Andhra Pradesh35.7Chhattisgarh31.9Madhya Pradesh28.3Odisha23.1West Bengal21.9Top 5 StatesBottom 5 StatesStateProportion of Slum HHs to Urban HHs (%)Chandigarh#9.7Gujarat6.7Jharkhand5.3Assam4.8Kerala1.515

Percentage of Slum HHs to Total Urban HHs16Proportion of Slum Households in Metros - 2011Million Plus CitiesProportion of Slum HHs to Total Urban HHs (%)Greater Mumbai (M Corp.)41.3Kolkata (M Corp.)29.6Chennai (M Corp.)28.5Delhi Municipal Corp (U)14.6BBMP (M Corp.)8.517Million Plus Cities with High Proportion of Slum HHs (Top 10 only) - 2011Million Plus CitiesProportion of Slum HHs to Total Urban HHs (%) 1. Greater Visakhapatnam M Corp.44.1 2. Jabalpur Cantt (CB)43.3 3. Greater Mumbai (M Corp.)41.3 4. Vijayawada (M Corp.)40.6 5. Meerut (M Corp.)40.0 6. Raipur (M Corp.)39.0 7. Nagpur (M Corp.)34.3 8. Greater Hyderabad M Corp. (GHMC)31.9 9. Kota (M Corp.)31.810. Agra (M Corp.)29.818INDIA (Absolute numbers in lakh)Use of Census HouseUrbanSlumTotal Occupies Census Houses990160Residence761133Residence-cum-other use243.9Shop/Office10710.8School/College, etc40.5Hotel/Lodge/Guest House40.4Hospital/ Dispensary, etc30.3Factory/ Workshop, etc152Place of worship60.9Other non-residential use598Locked Census Houses71Use of Occupied Census HousesIndia : 201119INDIA (in %)Use of Census HouseUrbanSlumTotal Occupies Census Houses100.0100.0Residence76.982.5Residence-cum-other use2.42.4Shop/Office10.86.7School/College, etc0.40.3Hotel/Lodge/Guest House0.40.2Hospital/ Dispensary, etc0.30.2Factory/ Workshop, etc1.51.2Place of worship0.60.6Other non-residential use6.05.1Locked Census House0.70.6Use of Occupied Census HousesIndia : 201120

A Lane in a Slum21Households by Type of Census Houses IndiaTypeUrbanSlumPermanent84.377.7Semi-permanent11.616.0Temporary3.25.3Any other0.91.0HHs (in %)22

Slum Households by Structure of Census Houses (Permanent)23

View of a Slum in Delhi24Households by Number of Room IndiaNumber of RoomUrbanSlumNo exclusive room3.14.4One room32.144.8Two room30.629.5Three room18.412.3Four room9.35.4Five rooms and above6.53.5HHs (in %)25Households by Household Size IndiaHousehold SizeUrbanSlum1 member3.63.72 members9.59.53 members15.914.94 members26.425.15 members18.519.46 to 8 members20.622.29 and above members5.45.2HHs (in %)26Households by Number of Married Couples IndiaNumber of married couplesUrbanSlumNone12.713.6171.172.1212.611.332.82.440.60.55 and above0.20.1HHs (in %)27Households by Ownership Status IndiaOwnership Status of Census HouseUrbanSlumOwned69.270.2Rented27.526.3Others3.33.5HHs (in %)28Source of Drinking Water IndiaSource of drinking waterUrbanSlum1. Tap70.674.0From treated source62.065.3From untreated source8.68.72. Well6.23.03. Hand pump11.912.74. Tube well / Borehole8.97.65. Other sources2.52.8HHs (in %)29

Waiting for Water Supply30Location of Drinking Water Source IndiaLocationUrbanSlum1. Within premises71.256.72. Outside premises28.843.3HHs (in %)31

Slum HHs by Location Drinking Water Source (Within premises)32Source of Lighting IndiaSource of lightingUrbanSlum1. Electricity92.790.52. Kerosene6.58.23. Solar0.20.34. Other oil0.10.25. Any other0.20.26. No lighting0.30.5HHs (in %)33

Slum HHs by Fuel Used for Cooking (LPG/PNG)34Availability of Bathing Facility within Premises - IndiaBathing FacilityUrbanSlum1. Have facility87.081.0(a) Bathroom77.566.6(b) Enclosure without roof9.514.52. Does not have facility13.019.0HHs (in %)35Drainage Connectivity for Waste Water Outlet IndiaDrainage connectivityUrbanSlum1. Closed drainage44.536.92. Open drainage37.344.33. No drainage18.218.8HHs (in %)36Type of Latrine Facility IndiaType of latrineUrbanSlum1. Latrine within the premises81.466.0(a) Water closet72.657.7(b) Pit latrine7.16.2 Other latrine1.72.22. No latrine within premises18.634.0(a) Public latrine6.015.1(b) Open12.618.9HHs (in %)37Availability of Kitchen IndiaAvailability of kitchenUrbanSlumTotal100.0100.01. Cooking inside house:95.894.1(a) Has kitchen77.865.3 (b) Does not have kitchen18.028.82. Cooking outside house3.75.4(a) Has kitchen1.62.0(b) Does not have kitchen2.03.43. No cooking0.50.5HHs (in %)38

39Fuel used for Cooking IndiaFuel used for cookingUrbanSlum1. Fire-wood20.125.82. Crop residue1.41.63. Cow dung cake1.72.14. Coal, Lignite, Charcoal2.93.95. Kerosene7.514.06. LPG/ PNG65.051.37. Electricity0.10.18. Biogas0.40.59. Any other0.20.310. No cooking0.50.5HHs (in %)40Households Availing Banking Services IndiaAvailing Banking ServicesUrbanSlum1. Availing67.853.22. Not availing32.246.8HHs (in %)41Household Possessing Various Assets IndiaAssetUrbanSlum1. Radio/Transistor25.318.72. Television76.769.63. Computer18.710.4With Internet8.33.3Without Internet10.47.1HHs (in %)42

43Household Possessing Various Assets IndiaAssetUrbanSlum5. Telephone82.072.7Landline only5.94.4Mobile only64.363.5Both11.74.86. Bicycle41.940.27. Scooter/Motor Cycle/Moped35.222.08. Car/Jeep/Van9.73.69. None of the specified assets7.010.7HHs (in %)44

63.5% HHs in Slums in India has Mobile 45

Slum HHs Having None of the Specified Assets46Life in a Slum

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Life in a Slum48THANK YOUFor more details visit:censusindia.gov.in49