DescriptionThe Hospitality, Leisure and Entertainment (HLE) cluster is comprised of industries that cater to tourism and recreation throughout the Commonwealth. In addition to hotels and restaurants, this cluster includes casinos, golf courses, museums, racetracks, bowling centers and caterers. Many industries in this cluster are seasonal with part-time or tip-based employment. For that reason wages are lower than other clusters, and employment is much more volatile if analyzed on a quarterly basis.

2012 2017

36,878 37,915

573,090 616,542

10.3% 10.6%

$18,676 $20,872

Employer Units

Number of Jobs

Percent of Total Pennsylvania Jobs

Average Annual Wages

Location Quotient (LQ) 0.88 0.86

Cluster Summary

While cluster employment has increased in Pennsylvania, the gains are to be expected with those experienced nationwide. The state still maintains a Location Quotient (LQ) well below one, and most Workforce Development Areas (WDAs) have seen very little change in their own LQ (as seen on page 3.) While wages have increased slightly, the cluster still pays well below the statewide average for all jobs ($53,996).

Pennsylvania defines industry clusters to serve as the basis for data-driven workforce development policies. An industry cluster includes industries closely linked by common products, labor pools, technologies, supplier chains and training needs. They take on strategic importance for long-term economic planning as changes that benefit one group member will generally impact other members of the cluster.

Industry clusters are comprised of specific six-digit North American Industry Classification System, or NAICS, codes. They are mutually exclusive, so that no two clusters contain the same NAICS code. Currently, there are 12 clusters identified, along with several critical sub-clusters. Combined, these 12 industry clusters account for nearly 83 percent of all employment in the Commonwealth.

Center for Workforce Information & Analysis 651 Boas St.

Harrisburg, PA 17121www.workstats.dli.pa.gov

Winter 2019

Hospitality, Leisure & EntertainmentHospitality, Leisure & Entertainment

LQs greater than one suggest a competitive advantage.

Top Industries Based on Employment• Full-Service Restaurants

• Limited-Service Restaurants

• Hotels & Motels, Except Casino Hotels

• Food Service Contractors

• Snack & Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars

• Fitness & Recreational Sports Centers

• Golf Courses & Country Clubs

• Drinking Places, Alcoholic Beverages

• Spor�ng Goods Stores

• Casinos, Except Casino Hotels

• All Other Amusement & Recreation Industries

• Amusement & Theme Parks

• Caterers

• Hobby, Toy & Game Stores

• Gi�, Novelty & Souvenir Stores

• Promoters With Facili�es

• Casino Hotels

• Sports Teams & Clubs

• Museums

• Sports & Recreation Instruction

Center for Workforce Informa�on & Analysis www.workstats.dli.pa.gov

Winter 2019

Major Employers• GMRI Inc.

• Aramark Campus LLC

• Eat’n Park Hospitality Group

• Hershey Entertainment & Resorts Company

• Starbucks Corporation

• McDonalds

Percent Employment by County

> 12.0%

12.0% - 10.5%

10.5% - 9.0%

< 9.0%

Employment Concentration

A location quotient, or LQ, compares a cluster’s share of local employment to its share of national employment. This value can be used when evaluating the strength of an industry cluster within an area. An LQ greater than one indicates that the cluster has, on average, more employees locally than typically expected implying a possible competitive advantage. Only the Pocono Counties WDA has an LQ greater than one and is more competitive since 2012.

Center for Workforce Information & Analysis www.workstats.dli.pa.gov

Winter 2019

Pocono Coun es

Westmoreland-Faye�e Coun�es

Bucks County

Three Rivers

Philadelphia County

Northwest

Lehigh Valley

Lancaster County

Southwest Corner

Tri-County

Delaware County

Southern Alleghenies

West Central

Lackawanna County

South Central

Central

Berks County

Chester County

Luzerne-Schuylkill Coun�es

Montgomery County

Northern Tier

North Central

1.76

1.02

0.95

0.94

0.93

0.92

0.91

0.91

0.89

0.88 2017

0.88 2012

0.87

0.87

0.87

0.86

0.85

0.79

0.77

0.74

0.74

0.70

0.64

0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0

4%

14%

3%

79%

Occupations with Significant Employment

The following table lists occupations that employ at least 8,500 people in the HLE cluster.

Center for Workforce Information & Analysis www.workstats.dli.pa.gov

Winter 2019

Short-Term OJTModerate-Term OJTLong-Term TrainingPostsecondary TrainingAssociate DegreeBachelor’s DegreePost-Bachelor’s Degree

Job OpeningsCluster

SOC Code Occupa on Wage Industry All

2017 Cluster Industries

35-3021 Combined Food Prepara on & Serving Workers $19,325 4,967 5,98335-3031 Waiters & Waitresses $23,096 4,972 5,20835-2014 Cooks, Restaurant $25,552 1,460 1,50935-3011 Bartenders $23,078 1,191 1,53135-1012 Supervisors - Food Prepara on & Serving Workers $36,767 969 1,23941-2031 Retail Salespersons $22,759 751 7,43135-9021 Dishwashers $20,188 811 94735-2021 Food Prepara�on Workers $23,197 612 1,18535-9031 Hosts & Hostesses: Restaurant, Lounge & Coffee $20,926 1,131 1,15537-2012 Maids & Housekeeping Cleaners $21,538 451 1,85139-3091 Amusement & Recrea�on A�endants $20,505 650 738

41-2011 Cashiers $20,510 548 6,28435-9011 Dining Room & Cafeteria A�endants & Helpers $19,864 718 88235-2011 Cooks, Fast Food $21,131 227 232

Educa�onal Requirements

This graph illustrates the minimum educa�onal a�ainment levels for jobs found in this cluster’s various industries. Approximately 80 percent of HLE jobs require less than 3 months of on-the-job training to enter employment. The low educa�onal a�ainment level makes gaining employment easier, but leads to increased turnover and low wages.