hort2_landscape design.ppt

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Landscape Design

Competencies 17.00-21.00



Landscaping Careers



What is Landscaping?

Landscaping is a profession that includes

designing, installing, and maintaining the

outdoor human environment.

There are 3 branches of the landscaping

industry

Landscape Architecture

Landscape Contractors

Landscape Maintenance



Landscape Architects

Licensed professions

Conceptualize and plan the outdoor

environment or landscape for residential

and commercial clients.

Landscape designers usually do actual

drawings for residential landscapes.



Landscape Maintenance

Extended care of

existing landscapes

The care and upkeep

of the landscape after installation



Design-build Firms

Landscape businesses that handle

everything from the initial contact with the

client through design and construction as

well as long-term care and maintenance.



Landscape Nursery Worker

Professional who sells and installs landscape

plants and related materials.



Types of Landscape Plans

There are three types of plans used in

landscaping

Sequential

Computer Assisted

Graphics



Landscape Plans



Sequential Plans

Each part of the plan is increasingly more

specific and detailed.

Includes

Functional diagrams

Preliminary designs

Final Plans



Sequential Plans-Functional

Diagrams

Begin the arrangement of the client’s

program on the site.

Called “bubble diagrams” because they

use loosely drawn freeform shapes to

represent areas or spaces

Help the designer make decisions

concerning layout and sizes and the use of

each area.



Sequential Plans-Preliminary

Designs

Break the “bubbles” to show first draft vision of

how each landscape area will be shaped.

Landscape is given its form, type of materials to

be used, and application of landscape designprinciples.

Simple without real details, but the horizontal

and vertical relationships between objects and

areas are now included.

A number of these may be shown before final

plans are made.



Computer Assisted

Also called drawing

board

CAD (Computer

Aided Design)systems are

accelerated drafting

systems, designed to

draw landscape plansusing a personal

computer.



Landscape Principles and

Procedures



Principles of Design

Balance

Focalization of Interest

Simplicity Rhythm and Line

Proportion

Unity



Symmetric Balance

One side is a

reflective mirror

image of the opposite

side Most formal type of

balance



Simplicity

Seeks to make viewers comfortable within

the landscape

Excludes any unnecessary changes in

shape, color, direction, etc.



Unity

All the separate parts contribute to thecreation of the total design

Ties together individual parts of each area

by: Repeating prominent colors

Repeating construction materials

Continuing interior design themes to outdoor rooms

Repeat plant species

Raise patios, decks, and porches to door level



Landscape Processes

Process is a sequence of steps to reach a

goal

There are three parts to the landscape

process

Project development

Project maintenance

Design



Project Maintenance Process

Determining need or desire

Selecting landscape maintenance

company which assesses the needs and

presents a proposal

If the proposal is accepted, the company

schedules and does the work

Customer is billed



Design Process

Site analysis and program analysis



Interior Landscaping



Purposes of Interior Landscaping

Add color

Add textures

Add softness

Add life

Increase employee

productivity

Decrease employeeabsenteeism

Add oxygen

Provide herbs for

cooking, medicine, or

fragrance

Add beauty andcomfort by combining

all of the previously

mentioned purposes



Methods of Planting Ornamental

Plants



Planting Ornamental Plants

Tools vary depending

upon type and size of

plants from bulb

planter, trowel, spade,shovel to power

augers and front end

loaders.



Balled and Burlapped Plants

Balled and burlapped plants have a roundsoil ball of roots wrapped in burlap fabric.

Planted in flat-bottomed, straight-sided

hole that is deeper and wider than the ball. Backfill soil should fill the hole enough to

raise the plant to the level at which it grewin the nursery.

Loose burlap around top of plant.

Mounded ring of soil around plant to catchwater.



Balled and Burlapped Plants



Containerized Plants

Use the same type hold, mounded ring,

etc. as balled and burlapped.

In addition, the plant must be removed

from the container

Roots should be unwound or cut at two

inch intervals if pot-bound



Bare-rooted Plants

Have to have a

mound or dome in the

bottom of the hole to

spread roots anddirect roots to grow

downward.



Planting Ornamental Plants

Tall plants, even small trees, need to be

staked to prevent blowing over.

Mulching should be done to help retain

water, prevent weeds, improveappearance, and minimize temperature

fluctuations.

Water adequately and frequently enoughfor healthy plants.



Handling Ornamental Plants

Balled and burlapped plants should be

handled by the root ball

Container grown plants should be handled

by the container until removed and then bythe root mass

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