hormon gds

8/17/2019 Hormon GDS

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GROWTH FACTOR

IGF, EGF, PDGF, FGF, etc

Extracelluler signal moleculesLarge variety

Very low concentration

(10E- ! 10E-11 "#


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INSULIN LIKE GROWTH FACTORS

IGF I (somatome$in-%#& '0

IGF II ( somatome$in-#& )'

*tructure+ omolog insulinave an$ . cains connecte$ /y

$isuli$e /on$s

2e connecting %-3e3ti$e

Dierences in unctions an$ eects witinsulin


5/23

IGF-I

2e uman IGF-I gene is locate$

on te long arm o cromosome 14

G a33ears to /e te 3rimary

regulator o IGF-I gene transcri3tion

Im3ortant or /ot etal an$

3ostnatal growt


6/23

"5LE%6L7 %2I58

IGF-I rece3tor similar to I7

as intrinsic tyrosine 9inase activity

! li9e insulin rece3tor7ece3tor are $imer

IGF -I /in$ing to rece3tor

→ casca$e o 3os3orylationslea$ing to succession o activations,lea$ing to en$ eect on organ


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9/23

P25L5G:

cromegaly

Pituitary $warism

Laron syn$rome+ /normal IGF

rece3tor wit low IGF an$ ig

circulating G levels

norexia 8ervousa+ ig G

an$ low IGF


10/23

Laron Syndrome

↑ GH, ↓IGF-1

Short stature

↓ blood sugar (hypoglycemia)

Poor muscle deelopme!t

"steoporosis

#a! be treated $ith IGF-1 to correct

gro$th, a!d certai! metaboliccha!ges


11/23

IGF -II

m78 oun$ in liver, cartilage an$oters

Foun$ in tro3o/last cells an$enances 3lacental growt2e uman IGF-II gene is locate$

on te sort arm o cromosome 11

7ece3tor is a monomerIn excess can stimulate insulin

receptor and cause hypoglycemia


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EGF

Poly3e3ti$e,140'-amino-aci$

"em/rane rece3tor glyco3rotein

7ece3tor+ monomer, intrinsic

tyrosine 9inase activity

2yrosine 9inase!me$iate$

auto3os3orylation


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14/23

"5LE%6L7 %2I58

EGF /in$s rece3tor

7ece3tor $imeri;es

Protein 9inase intracellular $omain

3os3orylates sites on its $imeric

3artner (trans3os3orylation#

Pos3orylate tyrosines


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%ellular Functions

%ell 3rolieration

*timulates 3rolieration o many cell

ty3esDierentiation


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Pysiological Functions

=oun$ ealing

%orneal e3itelium

8eonatal growt an$ $evelo3ment

! Promotes eyeli$ o3ening an$

toot eru3tion

! "ammary glan$ $evelo3mentDevelo3ment o a$ult tissues

! *3erm $evelo3ment


17/23

Androgens and Estrogens

Pro$uce$ in gona$s (ovaries, testes#

an$ a$renal glan$s, ↑ in 3u/erty

=ill use e3i3ysis an$ sto3 lineargrowt

Earlier 3u/erty in women contri/utes

to teir sorter stature


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19/23

Estrogen

During 3u/erty+ 4> sex

caracteristicsPromotes growt o uterus

*ta/ili;es /loo$ cells in s9in

.one strengt


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Em/ryonic *exual Develo3ment

Indifferent gonads

Testes Ovaries

TDF No TDF

Mullerian Duct

Wolffian duct

Other embryonicstructures

Testosterone MIF No testosterone

No MIF

Degenerates Uterus, fallopiantubes

Epididymis, vasdeferens

Degenerates

Prostate, penis,scrotum

agina, labia,clitoris

MIF No MIF

testosterone No

testosterone

DHT No

DHT


21/23

Vitamin A

Vitamin A is chemically

considered a subgroup of the

“Retinoids”Identified as a fat-soluble factor

for Cellular differentiation and

morphogenesis (em/ryonic$evelo3ment#


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"5LE%6L7 %2I58

Retinoic acids are transported on CRA!" orother retinoid-binding proteins to thenucleus

!ound to one or more of the # retinoic acidreceptors RAR and R$R

%he RAR and R$R receptor form “dimers” !y RAR-R$R dimeri&ation permits

interaction 'ith specific nucleotide

se(uences of nuclear )*A Regulate gene transcription

'ith the potential to affect a +ariety ofbody proteins


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"5LE%6L7 %2I58

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