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Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be prepared to answer!

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Page 1: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Hook ActivityWhat do we think of when we say the word

progress?

How do you measure your progress?

Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.?

Be prepared to answer!

Page 2: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Chapter 18

Page 3: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Proud to be an AmericanAfter the Industrial Revolution the United

States thought they were ahead of the world!Shocker was the book, “The Jungle” written

by Upton SinclairAbout the meat-packing industry and the

awful conditions the food was being processed in

Yikes! People were shocked to find out what they were eating!

Page 4: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

So how were we living?Why did the United States have such poor

living conditions?Rapid industrialization= factoriesImmigrationSlums and congestionLow wages and poverty

All this generates disease, unsanitary conditions

Page 5: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

New York Tenements

Filthy overcrowded apartments

http://www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/riis/illustrations.html

Page 6: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be
Page 7: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

The Progressive MovementA time for reform and bettermentSpans the years 1890 to 1920Progressive Era ended because of the

concern of WW I

Page 8: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

So what did Progressives Focus on Changing?Progressives wanted to change the United States

morally, politically, economically, and socially

They had four basic beliefs:1. Government should be more accountable for its’

citizens2. Government should curb the power of the wealthy3. Government should expand their powers to

become more involved4. Government should be less efficient and more

corrupt

Page 9: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Reformers of the timeHenry George-

wrote “Progress and Poverty”

Developed the “single tax” which was the idea of taxing land on a monthly basis

Poverty was because people were holding onto land (land speculation)

Edward Bellamy- wrote “Looking Backward”

a book about a man that is hypnotized and wakes in the year 2000

The government has taken over

Influenced society because new parties formed and pushed for reforms

Page 10: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Hook ActivityThe FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has

gained too much power. Agree or disagree?

After a period of rapid change it is often necessary to slow down and regroup and assess the impacts of the changes like in the Progressive Era. Has there been a time in your life where you have had rapid change followed by reassessment?

Be ready to answer!

Page 11: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Propaganda!Muckrake- a stable rake used for raking up

horse poopA muckraker was a person who told

falsehoods about political peopleRoosevelt felt that it was unjust and unfair

unless the info had some truth

Page 12: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

WHY STRIKE????What would be beneficial about union

membership?Collective bargainingPower in numbersImproved working conditions

Employers did not encourage unions!

Page 13: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Socialists vs. ProgressivesSocialists wanted sweeping change Government controlled all property Wanted a fairer distribution of wealth

Progressives did not want sweeping changeDid not want to lose personal liberties with

more government controlWanted democracy

Page 14: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Change for the better!Women wanted change in select areas:

Conditions in which food was madeImproved factory conditionsMinimum wageLiquor controlChild labor laws

NCL- National Consumer League

Page 15: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Women of ChangeFlorence Kelley

Worked for Jane Adams at the Hull House

Pushed for child labor laws

Wanted limited working hours for women

Workplace reform

Mother JonesNational speaker on

child labor laws and workplace conditions

Lost her children and husband from yellow fever

Dressmaking business burned to the ground

Organized unions

Page 16: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Chapter 18

Page 17: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire!Factories were hardly ever inspected for

violationsThis particular factory was one of the largest

garment factories Employed immigrant women (cheap labor)Fire broke out but fire escapes were blocked,

ladders weren’t long enough to get to the top floor146 were deadSchneiderman and others were prompted to

appoint fire inspectors, install fire alarms, practice fire drills etc.

Page 18: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire = Changehttp://www.authentichistory.com/1900s/

trianglefire/trianglephotographs.html

After the fire people pushed for improvement or social welfare programs- government run programs to help ensure a basic standard of living

Examples: WIC, welfare, soup kitchens, housing programs

Page 19: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

CHA CHA CHANGE!Most reforms were at the municipal or city

levelTo end political corruptionStarted home rule, which meant cities were

given more self-government and less interference by state

Page 20: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Four Examples of Change Four examples:

1. attacking political bosses2. creating emergency commissions and new

council-manager types of governments (ex. Galveston Texas, Ohio River Flood)

3. Cities take over utilities and dislodge monopolies

4. provide for public welfare programs Examples: free kindergarten, parks, places for

homeless

Page 21: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

New Ways to Vote on a State LevelDirect Primary- citizens vote to elect

nominees for upcoming electionsInitiative- citizens put a proposed new law

directly on the ballot for the next electionReferendum- citizens approve or reject a law

passed by the legislatureRecall- citizens remove an elected official

before the next election

Page 22: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Who’s the Boss of direct primaries?Robert La Follette nicknamed “Fighting

Bob” instituted direct primaries in Wisconsin.He was a governor who got his nickname for

cleaning up a corrupt government

Page 23: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

TR is the Man!TR was more than just a president! He

created the modern day presidency in which the chief executive uses their power

He was involved in both domestic and overseas issues and flexed his political muscles!

Page 24: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

STRIKE! NO HEAT FOR YOU!!!Mine workers wanted higher wagesOwners of mines refused negotiations and

winter approached!Problem?TR stepped in and said if both sides don’t

agree he will send in army to seize minesEnding= raise increase of 10% and reduced

work hours from 10 to 9Called the Square Deal because both sides

were happy

Page 25: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

THE BADDDD GUYS!!!Notice that mom and pop stores are

disappearing?Ever see the Walmart Episode of South Park?

Truth to it?Holding Company- a firm that buys up the

stocks and bonds of smaller corporations and creates a monopoly

TR was called the Trust Buster because he broke these up

Page 26: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

New LegislationHepburn made the Interstate Commerce

Commission (ICC) much strongerThey now set railroad rates ICC was the first true regulatory agency

Page 27: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

New Amendments of the Time17th Amendment- required direct election of

senators18th Amendment- banned the sale,

manufacturing, or importing of alcoholic beverages

What was it missing?

Page 28: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Protect us Please…….TR passes the Food and Drug Act and the

Meat Inspection ActThey required accurate labeling of

ingredients, strict sanitation and a rating system for meats (GRADE A, B, C)

Children’s Bureau- protected children against long working hours, dangerous working conditions, and children that were too young to work

Page 29: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

PARADOX OF PROGRESSIVE REFORMS!Many reforms did not allow children to work Why was that not good for familiesWomen actually took a step backward

Page 30: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Section 3

Page 31: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

I don’t want to do this anymore!TR announces he will not run againTries to talk Secretary of War William

Howard Taft to runNot sure if he wants to run for president or

Chief JusticeTaft runs on the Republican ticket and easily

wins because of TR’s supportHe wins over William Jennings Bryan

Page 32: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Disappoint beginsTaft pledge to continue TR’s work = not the

caseHe did not appoint Progressives to his

cabinetLacking personality and characterFails to reduce tariffs

Page 33: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

The AFFAIR!!Taft hires Ballinger who is not a

conservationist, protect natural resourcesBallinger illegally sold millions of acres in

Alaska rich with coal to businessesPinchot, the head of the US Forest Service

publicly attacked Ballinger pointing out that he was corrupt

Taft fires PinchotBallinger never found guilty but resigned

Page 34: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

I DON’T BELIEVE IT!!!!TR on a safari in Africa hears of the behaviorDoesn’t believe it at firstComes home to find it is trueDecides to run in the next election against

Taft but what would he run under?

Page 35: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

I FEEL AS FIT AS A…….TR was asked if he was up for this challengeReplied, “I fell fit as a Bull Moose”The new political party was called the Bull

Moose Party

Page 36: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Lot’s goin on….In 1912 there were four political parties

running in the electionRepublican= TaftDemocrat= Woodrow WilsonProgressive or Bull Moose= TRSocialist= Eugene Debs

Who is going to win?

Page 37: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

New NationalismTR called his plan New Nationalism

Regulate businessReform votingWorkplace reform for women and children

Page 38: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Bull Moose PartyRan on:

Tariff reductionWoman’s suffrageChild labor laws8 hour workdayCompensation system

Page 39: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

YOU CRAZY MAN!!!TR campaigned throughout the country

vigorouslyAt a speech he was shot and the bullet lodge

itself in his lungContinued on with his speechWOW this man is crazyHe is soooo strong

Page 40: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

DEMOCRATWilson was the democratic candidate and

easily won the electionRepublicans were split between Taft and TRRan on the idea of New Freedom

Pushed for economic competition without big business

Tariff reduction

Page 41: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

His first victories1. tariff reduction or tax reduction and signed

into law the 16th amendment, income tax2. Clayton Anti Trust Act- broke up trusts and

strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, which legalized unions, and put restrictions on businesses

3. Federal Trade Commission- forced businesses to follow federal regulations

4. Federal Reserve System- divided the country into 12 districts each with a federal reserve to prevent bank failures

Page 42: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Victories continued5. Hired Brandies, first Jewish Supreme

Court Justice and was considered the people’s lawyer

The end is near….The push for progressive reform will slow

down with the growing fear of the US entering WW I

Page 43: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Section 4

Page 44: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

The AmendmentsWomen will finally get the right to vote with

the passage of the 19th amendment in 1920However for years to come they will struggle

to gain equality and respect

Page 45: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

The Constitution does not use words such as “men” and “women” but instead people, persons or citizens

14th Amendment-1868 gave the rights of citizenship to all Americans

15th Amendment 1870 guaranteed all races the right to vote

Page 46: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

NWSANational Women’s Suffrage Association

Refused to endorse the 15th Amendment because it ignored woman’s suffrage

Fought for a Constitutional Amendment

Page 47: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

AWSAAmerican Women’s Suffrage Association

Supported the 15th Amendment as a stepping stone

Fought for voting rights on the state level

Page 48: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

MergingBoth groups will merge into the NAWSA and

will fight for the next 30 years to gain suffrage

Page 49: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Little Spit FireVirginia Minor was head of a Missouri branch

of the NWSAShe wanted the right voteClaimed that the 14th Amendment gave ALL

citizens the right to voteDemanded to vote in MissouriHappersett was the registrar and refused to

allow her

Page 50: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

The ArgumentWent to the Supreme CourtTried by her husbandSaid that Missouri’s ban on women to vote

was unconstitutionalUnanimously ruled that the state had no

obligation to allow her to vote

Page 51: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

What is needed2/3 vote in both Houses¾ vote in the state legislature

Why not women:Women are manipulatedMake them masculineThinks with heartInterfere with home life

Page 52: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

HookHow many are going to vote when they are

18?How would you feel if they changed the age

to 25?Why would some people want to deny rights

to others?

Do all countries allow their citizens to vote?

Page 53: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Women of the timeCarrie Chapman Catt- head of NAWSA who

used dignified methods to fight for suffrageSchool principal and great speaker

Alice Paul- used aggressive methods Organized paradesCreated the Congressional Union

Page 54: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Susan B. Anthony- president NAWSAFought for women’s rights On the coin

Elizabeth Cady Stanton- founded the NWSA with Susan

Organized the first women’s convention in Seneca Falls Convention

Page 55: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

Women Gain RespectWW IDuties of the men become women’s

Rosie the Riveter- spokes person for the movement

Pushed for women to do their patriotic dutyPictures of her all over

Anthony Amendment- nicknamed after Susan and is the 19th Amendment

Page 56: Hook Activity What do we think of when we say the word progress? How do you measure your progress? Where would you like to see progress in the U.S.? Be

19th AmendmentGave women the right to voteLast reform movement of the Progressive EraPassed in 1920


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