Holy Roman Empire

The Thirty Years WarA conflict of early European historyA series of declared and undeclaredwars which raged from 1619-1648 throughout central Europe

These wars were--A continuation of the wars halted briefly by the Peace of Augsburg.

1.Religious among Catholics, Lutherans andCalvinists

2. Political between the ruling house of the HRE( Catholic) &The house of Austria(Prot.). Throughout the war the French, Danish, Swedes and Dutch were involved.

3. A Civil War; The principalities of Germany were

Against the HRE

Fought mostly in Germany. All Europe suffered from inflation and depopulation.

Ended with the Treaty Of Westphaliaa)Catholic France received Alsace.

http://youtu.be/c-WO73Dh7rY

b) Sweden acquired land from Northern Germanyc) Calvinist rulers gained rights to decisions on religion as well as Lutheran and Catholicd) Holland and Switzerland received independence.

FOR MAP OF EUROPE AFTER WESTPHALIA 1648

Use 126 and/or any map in that chapter. Locate and label• Spain• Austria• Berlin• Russia• Sweden• France• Naples• Prussia

PolandEngland• Spanish & Dutch

Netherlands• Sicily • Ottoman Empire• Constantinople• Silesia

AUSTRIA AND PRUSSIA

HAPSBURG AUSTRIA

Weakened by the 30 years wars Kept the title Holy Roman EmpireExpanded area to include Bohemia, Hungary and parts of Poland.

A strong Catholic State

UNITING THESE AREAS WAS DIFFICULT BECAUSE;Geography was mountainous, keeping the people divided. several ethnic cultures (Magyars, Germans, Slavs)

They had different laws, languages, and customs.

The Austrians sent German speaking officials to the regions and had Austrians settle on land they had seized.

A strong central government was not developed

FREDERICK II(OF PRUSSIA) SEIZED SILESIA

Maria Theresa, daughter of Charles V ruled the empire. First woman to rule for the Hapsburgs

She was unable to force him out of the region She did preserve the empire (without Silesia) .

She helped the peasants!She lowered their taxes.

Made the clergy and nobles pay taxes

.

Prussia A German State

A strong Protestant area in the north ruled byThe Hohenzollern family

Creating an efficient bureaucracy. Strong military values were instituted.Prussian nobles were given military jobs and government jobs.

This family united their lands by;

Frederick the Great seized Silesia from Austria. He was a brilliant military strategists

http://youtu.be/0s_6_tlasfw

By the 1750, these European powers came into conflict

The Seven Years War 1756-1763 --a conflict fought on

four continents.

RUSSIA