"holy f&*$ing shit”: profanation, parody, and bleeping american unreality in the onion,...
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"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The OnionThe Onion, , The Daily ShowThe Daily Show, ,
and and The Colbert ReportThe Colbert Report
David LaveryDavid LaveryBrunel UniversityBrunel University
Giving and Taking OffenceGiving and Taking OffenceUniversity of Aveiro, PortugalUniversity of Aveiro, Portugal
June 2007June 2007
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Jon Stewart
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show,
and The Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Mr. Secretary meet me at camera three. “Goodness gracious.” Mr. Secretary, we are three years into what may be the worst managed war in American history. What’s up with the “Gollies” and the “Oh my’s.” Those are apt for, say, when your pen leeks. We are in what, to be honest, could be called a catastrof*#@k. As a matter of fact I would say this is a situation that calls for colorful language. I think we actually moved past up shit’s creek about two and a half years ago. Most people think we’re just plain f*#@ked, double-f*#@ked.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show,
and The Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
So “gee willikers,” “gollie goodness,” “jeepers creepers”—that doesn’t do it. Other people just want to open their mouths and yell “You incompetent mother f*#@ker!” but nothing comes out, nothing comes out, because the pain in their hearts has rendered them mute. I would venture to say there’s not a man alive who would refer to anything relating to Iraq or the War on Terror or The Pentagon with anything associated with the word “golly.”
I guess what I am saying is Jesus #%#Y%&@.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
1960
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Philip Roth
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“[T]he American writer in the middle of the 20th century has his hands full in trying to understand, and then describe, and then make credible much of the American reality. It stupefies, it sickens, it infuriates, and finally it is even a kind of embarrassment to one's own meager imagination. The actuality is continually outdoing our talents, and the culture tosses up figures almost daily that are the envy of any novelist. . . .
“The daily newspapers then fill one with wonder and awe: is it possible? is it happening? And of course with sickness and despair.”--Philip Roth, “Writing American Fiction” (1960)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Daniel Boorstin (1914-2004)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“When we pick up our newspaper at breakfast, we expect, we even demand that it bring us momentous events since the night before. We turn on our car radio as we drive to work and expect "news" to have occurred since the morning paper went to press. Returning in the evening, we expect our house not only to shelter us, to keep us warm in the winter and cool in the summer, but to relax us, to dignify us, to encompass us with soft music and interesting hobbies, to be a playground, a theater, and a bar. We expect our two week vacation to be romantic, exotic, cheap, and effortless. We expect a faraway atmosphere if we go to a nearby place; and we expect everything to be relaxing, sanitary, and Americanized if we go to a faraway place. We expect new heroes every month, a new literary masterpiece every week, a rare sensation every night. . . . We expect everything and anything. We expect the contradictory and the impossible. We expect compact cars which are spacious; luxurious cars which are economical. . . . We expect to eat and stay thin, to be constantly on the move and ever more neighborly . . . to revere God and to be God.” (continued)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“Never have people been more the masters of their environment. Yet never has a people been more deceived and disappointed. For never has a people expected so much more than the world could possibly offer.”--Daniel Boorstin, The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-Events in America (1960)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Responding to 9/11
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“A character in Evelyn Waugh's Put Out More Flags said that the difference between prewar and postwar life was that, prewar, if one thing went wrong the day was ruined; postwar, if one thing went right the day would be made. America is a prewar country, psychologically unprepared for one thing to go wrong.”
Anthony Burgess, "Is America Falling Apart?"
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"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show,
and The Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Assault of Laughter
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“For your race, in its poverty, has unquestionably one really effective weapon - laughter. Power, money, persuasion, supplication, persecution - these can lift at a colossal humbug - push it a little - weaken it a little, century by century; but only laughter can blow it to rags and atoms at a blast. Against the assault of laughter nothing can stand.”--from Mark Twain’s The Mysterious Stranger
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Henri Bergson
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Bleeping
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
”Until the 1970s, nobody swore on television. Then came "All in the Family" in 1971. Archie Bunker was like no other TV character we'd ever seen or heard. He was multiply flawed, he used the bathroom, and his daily vernacular included mild profanity. The show spent five years at the top of the ratings, inspiring broadcasters to relax their restrictions on common vulgarities. Some saw this as a sign of the coarsening of our culture. I think it was evidence that our national drama was finally growing up. Before long, cable brought premium services like HBO and Showtime into American homes, delivering Hollywood movies uncut and uncensored.” --Robert J. Thompson on
National Public Radio (2003)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“Of course, the movies had learned to cuss back in the '60s, and this stuff made "All in the Family" sound like "Father Knows Best.” So what happens? (Bleep) happens. Now the bleep tolls from the morning talk shows to comedies on late night. It often comes in long strings (bleep, bleep, bleep), making the dialogue in programs like "Jerry Springer" sound more like telegraph messages than human sentences. The bleep is really kind of silly when you think about it. It calls attention to itself and invites us to guess what it's covering up, which is never much of a challenge.”
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“In "The Osbournes," for example, there's something delightfully musical about the contrapuntal play of vocal syllables and electronic deletions. Other network and basic cable channels have gone beyond the bleep. Two years ago, characters on Comedy Central's potty-mouthed cartoon "South Park" said the S word 162 times in one trenchant half-hour installment. Cursing can be a blessing for television. After the medium's long history of bowdlerization, it's nice that adults can occasionally talk like adults on TV now.”
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“Part of what makes "The Sopranos" so good is the ribald poetics, the profane patois, the full use of the American language. It's not suitable for little kids, but neither is "King Lear”. . . . The problem with cursing today is that overuse is taming it. It took five centuries to build up the taboo quotient of some of these words. It'll take only a generation to wear them out completely. A culture needs curses, and we're going to sorely miss the shock and awe a good bad one could once elicit.”
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Conservative Humor?
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
“I saw my in-laws down at the ranch over Easter. We like it down there. George didn't know much about ranches when we bought the place. Andover and Yale don't have a real strong ranching program. But I'm proud of George. He's learned a lot about ranching since that first year when he tried to milk the horse. What's worse, it was a male horse.”--Laura Bush at the White House Correspondents Dinner, 2005
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Joel Surnow
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Ann Coulter
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
• “My only regret with Timothy McVeigh is he did not go to the New York Times Building.”
• “We should invade their countries, kill their leaders and convert them to Christianity. We weren't punctilious about locating and punishing only Hitler and his top officers. We carpet-bombed German cities; we killed civilians. That's war. And this is war.”
• “We've finally given liberals a war against fundamentalism, and they don't want to fight it. They would, except it would put them on the same side as the United States.”
• “Whether they are defending the Soviet Union or bleating for Saddam Hussein, liberals are always against America. They are either traitors or idiots, and on the matter of America's self-preservation, the difference is irrelevant.”
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show,
and The Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Proliferation of
News Satire
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Borat (Sasha Baron Cohen)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Andy Borowitz
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Bush and 9/11
Politics and World Affairs
Popular Culture
Blasphemy and Profanation
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Two Clowns: “Auguste” (Stewart, left) and “White” (Colbert, right)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Jon Stewart
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Larry Wilmore, John Oliver, John Hodgman, Aasif Mandvi (clockwise from left)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Daily ShowIran’s Holocaust Denial Conference
.
12/13/06 (226-503)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Daily ShowAasif Mandvi on Dubai.
3/12/07 (722-828)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Stewart: Our Senior New Correspondent Aasif Mandvi is stationed in Dubai. He joins us now. . . . This move by Haliburton . . .
Mandvi: Jon, actually it’s now Al-ee-bre-toon.Stewart: Why are they moving to Dubai?Mandvi: Why does anyone move anywhere? Great public schools.Stewart: That’s a joke, right?Mandvi: Oh, god, yes. Truthfully it’s boredom. Haliburton has
gone as far as it’s going to go in America. Our corporate culture, while at times corrupt, lacks that perverse edge of gluttonous Caligulan decadence you can only get in a country where Michael Jackson is the ideal immigrant. They welcomed him with open boys.
Stewart: That’s not on our statue of liberty. [Audible disgust from the audience]. What can the company do now that it couldn’t do before?
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Mandvi: In America Haliburton is still bound by certain laws, both corporate and moral. Here, it’s a freer atmosphere. Let’s say you’re trying to get a business deal done: in America, you take the CEO to dinner, you play a little golf. Know what really closes the deal? When you let someone f*#@kin kill an endangered white rhino.
Stewart: You can do that there?Mandvi: I know a guy.Stewart: When is the move?Mandvi: As soon as their corporate headquarters is completed.
[We see an artist’s rendering of Skull Island.]
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Daily ShowJohn Oliver on ironic distance.
12/4/06 (657-1016)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveio, Portugal
The Daily ShowJohn Oliver on Bush’s offer to have Rove appear before the congress
.
3/21/07 (602-949)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Stewart: This offer by the President . . .Oliver: It’s a major concession from the President’s initial
offer to congress which was that they go f*#@k themselves.
Stewart: That was his first offer?Oliver: That was his first three.Stewart: But you know John you are not allowed to lie to
Congress under any circumstances, so why not let them go and testify under oath.
Oliver: Because the White House is adamant that they retain the right, if they so choose, to lie.
Stewart: To lie?Oliver: To lie without consequences—it’s executive privilege.
. . .
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Stewart: John it strikes me, and I don’t mean to be rude here, as bull shit.
Oliver: Bull shit or bull fact? Look Jon, if Karl Rove knew he’d one day be forced to testify under oath about advice he gave the President, he would have to he’d have to limit that advice to things that weren’t shameful, illegal, or spectacularly boneheaded. Jon, I don’t think that’s what Thomas Jefferson had in mind when he wrote: “The princes who have done great things are the ones who have been known to turn men’s brains with guile.”
Stewart: I think actually that was Machiavelli.Oliver: If I may quote Stalin, “Does it really matter whose idea it
was?”Stewart: I think that was actually Tony Snow yesterday.Oliver: Great minds.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Stewart: I don’t know why Karl Rove can’t just walk up to Congress, put his hand on the bible, and tell the f*#@kin’ truth.
Oliver: That is all very well John, but I think we all remember what happened the last time he did that. [We see an open bible with an imprint of a hand burnt into its pages.] The room smelled like burnt bacon for three weeks.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Daily ShowJason Jones reports on a dismissed gay Arabic translator
.
9/18/06 (552-1144)
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show,
and The Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show,
and The Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Colbert ReportWhy Stephen is to blame for
the Foley scandal.246-446
10/2/06
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Colbert ReportThe Word: under-reporting the
Iraq War.556-906
12/12/06
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Colbert ReportFUSSDIRAGS
135-246
1/8/07
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Stephen Colbert
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
I stand by this man. I stand by this man because he stands for things. Not only for things, he stands on things. Things like aircraft carriers and rubble and recently flooded city squares. And that sends a strong message, that no matter what happens to America, she will always rebound -- with the most powerfully staged photo ops in the world.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
But the rest of you, what are you thinking, reporting on NSA wiretapping or secret prisons in eastern Europe? Those things are secret for a very important reason: they're super-depressing. And if that's your goal, well, misery accomplished. Over the last five years you people were so good -- over tax cuts, WMD intelligence, the effect of global warming. We Americans didn't want to know, and you had the courtesy not to try to find out. Those were good times, as far as we knew.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
I mean, nothing satisfies you. Everybody asks for personnel changes. So the White House has personnel changes. Then you write, "Oh, they're just rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic." First of all, that is a terrible metaphor. This administration is not sinking. This administration is soaring. If anything, they are rearranging the deck chairs on the Hindenburg!
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Here's how it works: the president makes decisions. He's the decider. The press secretary announces those decisions, and you people of the press type those decisions down. Make, announce, type. Just put 'em through a spell check and go home. Get to know your family again. Make love to your wife. Write that novel you got kicking around in your head. You know, the one about the intrepid Washington reporter with the courage to stand up to the administration. You know - fiction!
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
But the rest of you, what are you thinking, reporting on NSA wiretapping or secret prisons in eastern Europe? Those things are secret for a very important reason: they're super-depressing. And if that's your goal, well, misery accomplished. Over the last five years you people were so good -- over tax cuts, WMD intelligence, the effect of global warming. We Americans didn't want to know, and you had the courtesy not to try to find out. Those were good times, as far as we knew.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Now, I know there are some polls out there saying this man has a 32% approval rating. But guys like us, we don't pay attention to the polls. We know that polls are just a collection of statistics that reflect what people are thinking in "reality." And reality has a well-known liberal bias.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
I believe in pulling yourself up by your own bootstraps. I believe it is possible -- I saw this guy do it once in Cirque du Soleil. It was magical. And though I am a committed Christian, I believe that everyone has the right to their own religion, be you Hindu, Jewish or Muslim. I believe there are infinite paths to accepting Jesus Christ as your personal savior.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
I believe the government that governs best is the government that governs least. And by these standards, we have set up a fabulous government in Iraq.
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show, and The
Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
Bleeping While Rome Burns
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”: Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The Onion, The Daily Show,
and The Colbert ReportGiving and Taking Offence, University of Aveiro, Portugal
The Chocolate Ration
Double-Think
“Big Brother is You Watching”--Mark
Crispin Miller
"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:"Holy F&*$ing Shit”:Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in Profanation, Parody, and Bleeping American Unreality in The OnionThe Onion, , The Daily The Daily
ShowShow, and , and The Colbert ReportThe Colbert Report
David LaveryDavid LaveryBrunel UniversityBrunel University
Giving and Taking OffenceGiving and Taking OffenceUniversity of Aveiro, PortugalUniversity of Aveiro, Portugal
June 2007June 2007