hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands
DESCRIPTION
http://foothillsri.ca/sites/default/files/null/HLP_2009_12_Prsnttn_InfoSession_DecayDynamicsofCoarsewoodHabitatinOldGrowthSpruceandPineStands.pdfTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Decay dynamics of coarsewood habitat in old-growth spruce and pine stands
Eileen L. Jones and Lori D. DanielsDepartment of Geography,
University of British Columbia
![Page 2: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Coarsewood Pathways
![Page 3: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Terrestrial Coarsewood Functions
substrate for plants and fungus
wildlife habitat
habitat for invertebrates and microorganisms
nutrient and carbon cycles
geomorphology
![Page 4: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Research Questions
1. (a) How abundant are spruce and pine snags and logs on the landscape?
(b) What is their distribution of decay classes and wildlife habitat functions?
2. (a) When did the snags and logs die?
(b) How does time since death vary among decay classes?
Conservation and management implications?
![Page 5: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
MethodsSA
Hinton
SB
SC, SD, SE
PA, PB
PE
PC, PD
![Page 6: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Methods
![Page 7: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Coarsewood Census
SNAGS
Spruce: 508 ± 188 per ha
Pine: 298 ± 259 per ha
LOGS
Spruce: 468 ± 113 per ha
Pine: 545 ± 73 per ha
![Page 8: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Coarsewood Census
Perc
ent
020406080 (b) Site SB (n=91)
(f) Site PA (n=38)
(g) Site PB (n=53)
(h) Site PC (n=9)
(i) Site PD (n=14)
Decay Class3 4 5 6
(j) Site PE (n=5)
Decay Class3 4 5 6
Perc
ent
020406080 (e) Site SE (n=23)
Perc
ent
020406080 (d) Site SD (n=15)
Per
cent
020406080 (c) Site SC (n=40)
Perc
ent
020406080 (a) Site SA (n=34)
SNAGS
![Page 9: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Coarsewood Census
(f) Site PA (n=43)
(g) Site PB (n=50)
(h) Site PC (n=49)
(i) Site PD (n=39)
Decay Class1 2 3 4 5
(j) Site PE (n=37)
Decay Class1 2 3 4 5
Perc
ent
020406080 (e) Site SE (n=32)
Perc
ent
020406080 (d) Site SD (n=53)
Perc
ent
020406080 (c) Site SC (n=34)
Perc
ent
020406080 (b) Site SB (n=31)
Perc
ent
020406080 (a) Site SA (n=37)
LOGS
![Page 10: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
potential c
avities
existin
g cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose bark
nest su
pports
feedinghuntin
g perches
conce
aled space
s
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50D ecay C lass 3D ecay C lass 4 D ecay C lass 5
Snag Census: Wildlife Use
SPRUCE
![Page 11: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
potential c
avities
existin
g cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose bark
nest su
pports
feedinghuntin
g perches
conce
aled space
s
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50D ecay C lass 3D ecay C lass 4 D ecay C lass 5
Snag Census: Wildlife Use
decay-softened inner wood for cavity excavation
http://fishandgame.idaho.govSPRUCE
![Page 12: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
potential c
avities
existin
g cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose bark
nest su
pports
feedinghuntin
g perches
conce
aled space
s
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50D ecay C lass 3D ecay C lass 4 D ecay C lass 5
Snag Census: Wildlife Use
cracks or loose bark for reproduction and resting
http://fireflyforest.net
SPRUCE
![Page 13: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
potential c
avities
existin
g cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose bark
nest su
pports
feedinghuntin
g perches
conce
aled space
s
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50D ecay C lass 3D ecay C lass 4 D ecay C lass 5
Snag Census: Wildlife Use
large branches or broken tops to support large nests
http://ecotravel.ctaudubon.orgSPRUCE
![Page 14: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Snag Census: Wildlife Use
SPRUCE
PINE
poten
tial c
avitie
sex
isting
cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose
bark
nest
supp
orts
feedin
ghu
nting
perch
esco
ncea
led sp
aces
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50Decay Class 3Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
poten
tial c
avitie
sex
isting
cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose
bark
nest
supp
orts
feedin
ghu
nting
perch
esco
ncea
led sp
aces
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50Decay Class 3Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
![Page 15: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Log Census: Wildlife Use
SPRUCE
![Page 16: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Log Census: Wildlife Use
small concealed spaces for reproduction and resting
SPRUCE http://www.premiumpestmanagement.com
![Page 17: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Log Census: Wildlife Use
exposed, raised travel lanes
SPRUCE http://www.crcd.org
![Page 18: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Log Census: Wildlife Use
invertebrates in wood
SPRUCE http://fishandgame.idaho.gov
![Page 19: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Log Census: Wildlife Use
SPRUCE
PINE
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
![Page 20: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Year of Death (YOD) = calendar year of outer ring
Time Since Death = 2008 – YOD = snag or log age
“old” = snag or log that has been dead for a long time
![Page 21: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Time Since Death (years since 2008)
0 40 80 120 160 200
pine snags (n=40)
Time Since Death (years since 2008)
0 40 80 120 160 200
Freq
uenc
y
0
2
4
6
8
10spruce snags (n=37)
Time Since Death (years since 2008)
0 40 80 120 160 200
pine logs (n=46)
Time Since Death (years since 2008)
0 40 80 120 160 200
Freq
uenc
y
0
2
4
6
8
10spruce logs (n=44)
Time Since Death
![Page 22: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Time Since Death: Variability Across Decay Classes
Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
Tim
e Si
nce
Dea
th (y
ears
prio
r to
2008
)
0
50
100
150
200snags
An=17
Bn=39
Cn=21
Decay Class 1 Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4Ti
me
Sinc
e D
eath
(yea
rs p
rior t
o 20
08)
0
50
100
150
200logs
Cn=27
Cn=40
Bn=17
An=6
SNAGS LOGS
![Page 23: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
poten
tial c
avitie
sex
isting
cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose
bark
nest
supp
orts
feedin
ghu
nting
perch
esco
ncea
led sp
aces
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50Decay Class 3Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
poten
tial c
avitie
sex
isting
cavit
iescra
cks/l
oose
bark
nest
supp
orts
feedin
ghu
nting
perch
esco
ncea
led sp
aces
Freq
uenc
y
0
10
20
30
40
50Decay Class 3Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
REMINDERCoarsewood Census: Wildlife Use
SNAGS LOGS
SPRUCE
PINE
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
large
spac
es
small
spac
es
long s
pace
s
trave
l lane
s
feedin
g
Freq
uenc
y
0
50
100
150
200Decay Class 1Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
![Page 24: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
Tim
e Si
nce
Dea
th (y
ears
prio
r to
2008
)
0
50
100
150
200
An=17
Bn=39
Cn=21
Snag Decay Class 2
Time Since Death: 3-19 years
11% of habitat function:
• cavities for reproduction and
resting
• nest supports
Time Since Death: 7-34 years
1% of habitat function:
• hunting perches
![Page 25: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
Tim
e Si
nce
Dea
th (y
ears
prio
r to
2008
)
0
50
100
150
200
An=17
Bn=39
Cn=21
Snag Decay Class 4
Time Since Death: 54-180 years
8% of habitat function:
• cavities for reproduction and
resting
• feeding substrates
Time Since Death: 40-142 years
51% of habitat function:
• cavities for reproduction and
resting
• nest supports
• feeding substrates
• hunting perches
![Page 26: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4 Decay Class 5
Tim
e Si
nce
Dea
th (y
ears
prio
r to
2008
)
0
50
100
150
200
An=17
Bn=39
Cn=21
Snag Decay Class 3
Time Since Death: 2-168 years
73% of habitat function:
• cavities for reproduction and
resting
• nest supports
• feeding substrates
• hunting perches
• concealed spaces
Time Since Death: 6-64 years
48% of habitat function:
• cavities for reproduction and
resting
• nest supports
• feeding substrates
• hunting perches
• concealed spaces
![Page 27: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Decay Class 1 Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Tim
e Si
nce
Dea
th (y
ears
prio
r to
2008
)
0
50
100
150
200logs
Cn=27
Cn=40
Bn=17
An=6
Log Decay Class 2
Time Since Death: 0-24 years
7% of habitat function:
• large concealed spaces
Time Since Death: 6-76 years
8% of habitat function:
• large concealed spaces
![Page 28: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Log Decay Class 4
Time Since Death: 20-125 years
26% of habitat function:
• small concealed spaces
• long concealed spaces
• feeding substrates
Time Since Death: 23-133 years
28% of habitat function:
• small concealed spaces
• feeding substrates
Decay Class 1 Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Tim
e Si
nce
Dea
th (y
ears
prio
r to
2008
)
0
50
100
150
200logs
Cn=27
Cn=40
Bn=17
An=6
![Page 29: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Log Decay Class 3
Time Since Death: 15-175 years
65% of habitat function:
• small concealed spaces
• large concealed spaces
• travel lanes
• feeding substrate
Time Since Death: 12-95 years
64% of habitat function:
• small concealed spaces
• large concealed spaces
• travel lanes
• feeding substrate
Decay Class 1 Decay Class 2 Decay Class 3 Decay Class 4
Tim
e Si
nce
Dea
th (y
ears
prio
r to
2008
)
0
50
100
150
200logs
Cn=27
Cn=40
Bn=17
An=6
![Page 30: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Habitat Conservation
intermediate decay classes = most function
94% logs, 33% snags at least one function
....only 11% snags have more than one function
.... 91% logs have more than one function
![Page 31: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Habitat Conservation
• abundance and diversity
• rare functions
![Page 32: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Management Implications
• long-term planning
• decision-support tool
• old forests
![Page 33: Hlp 2009 12 prsnttn infosession decaydynamicsofcoarsewoodhabitatinoldgrowthspruceandpinestands](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051821/568bd5a91a28ab20349944d3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Acknowledgements
Evan Henderson, Amy Nicoll, Julia Maddison, Kylie McLeod, Abha Parajulee, Raphael Chavardes
Lori Daniels, Valerie LeMay, R. Dan Moore