hkw&niz - survey of indiasurveyofindia.gov.in/files/bhudarpan_2_eupgdc.pdf · 17 ,d jkr...

Hkw&niZ.k

vad& f}rh; o"kZ% 2015&16

iwohZ mRrj izns’k Hkw&LFkkfud vkdM-k dsUnz]

Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx] 5&ekufp= Hkou] xkserh uxj] y[kuÅ

¼foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ea=ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj½

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad

iwohZ mRrj izns’k Hkw LFkkfud vkdM+k dsUnz] y[kuÅ 1

fgUnh ds izpkj&izlkj ds fy, fujUrj iz;Ru djuk ge lcdk nkf;Ro gSA iwohZ

mRrj izns'k Hkw&LFkkfud vkadM+k dsUnz lnSo bl iz;kl esa lQy jgk gSA bl dsUnz }kjk

'kr izfr'kr i=kpkj fgUnh ekè;e esa fd;k tkrk gS tks vR;Ur ljkguh; iz;kl gSA bl

dsUnz ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ,oa deZpkfj;ksa us lnSo bl {ks= dh izdkf'kr gksus okyh if=dk esa

jpukRed lg;ksx fn;k gSA if=dk dh dqN jpuk,a bruh mRd`"V gksrh gS fd mUgsa

iqjLd`r Hkh fd;k x;k gSA ;g if=dk bl dsUnz ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ,oa deZpkfj;ksa ds

jpukRed vfHkO;fDr dh lk{kh rks gS gh rFkk lkFk gh lkFk ikBdksa ds fy, Kkuo/kZd Hkh

gSA

eSa if=dk ds izdk'ku ls tqM+s lHkh yksxksa dks c/kkbZ ,oa 'kqHkdkeuk,a nsrk gw¡A

Government of India

Maj Gen R P Sian Additional Surveyor General Northern Zone

Telephone-cum-Fax: 0172-2605027

E-mail : [email protected]

Northern Zone Office

Survey of India

Survey Complex, Dakshin Marg, Sector 32-A,

Chandigarh-160 030

Lakns'k

eq>s ;g tkudj vR;Ur g"kZ gks jgk gS fd mRrjh {ks= dk

iwohZ mRrj izns'k Hkw&LFkkfud vkadM+k dsUnz] y[kuÅ xro"kZ

dh Hkk¡fr bl o"kZ Hkh jktHkk"kk if=dk ^Hkw&niZ.k* izdkf'kr

djus tk jgk gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


bl if=dk esa rduhdh ys[k] laLej.k vkfn dks jkspd 'kSyh esa vfHkO;Dr fd;k

x;k gSA if=dk dk vkoj.k lTtk vkd”kZd gSA bl if=dk ds fofo/k ys[k bl ckr dks

izekf.kr djrsa gSa dh bl foHkkx dh mUufr ds fy, lHkh iz;kljr gSA okLro esa os

vf/kdkjh vkSj deZpkjh c/kkbZ ds ik= gSa ftUgksus viuk le; fudky dj bl if=dk ds

fy, jpuk,a rS;kj dhA eSa lEikndh; lewg dks Hkh /kU;okn nsuk pkgrk gw¡ ftuds

ifjJe ls if=dk bl :Ik esa vk ldhA

^Hkw&niZ.k* ds bl lQy izLrqrhdj.k ds i'pkr eSa vxys vad ds fy, Hkh c/kkbZ

vkSj 'kqHkdkeuk nsuk pkgrk gw¡A

Government of India

vkse izdk’k f=ikBh

funs'kd

iwohZ mRrj izns’k Hkw&LFkk0 vkdM+k dsUnz

Om Prakash Tripathi Director East Uttar Pradesh Geo-Spatial Data Centre nwjHkk"k % ¼0522½ 2720638] 2720740] 2720634¼QSDl½

Tele: (0522) 2720638, 2720740, 2720634(Fax)

bZ esy E mail: [email protected]


East Uttar Pradesh

Geo-Spatial Data Centre

Survey of India

y[kuÅ

lans'k

esjs fy, ;g vR;Ur xkSjo dh ckr gS fd gekjk

funs'kky; izdk'ku dh fujUrjrk dks cuk, j[krs gq, bl

o”kZ Hkh fgUnh if=dk ^Hkw&niZ.k* dk izdk'ku djus tk jgk

gSA ^Hkw&niZ.k* ds f}rh; vad esa lHkh vf/kdkfj;ksa ,oa

deZpkfj;ksa dk iz;kl ljkguh; gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Hkw&niZ.k

iz/kku lEiknd

vkse izdk’k f=ikBh

funs’kd

lEiknd

/khjt ‘kkg

v/kh{kd losZ{kd

lEiknu lg;ksxh

iznhi dqekj vk;Z

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

‘k’kh dkUr

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

Ckky xksfoUn jke

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

Vad.k dk;Z

vk’kh”k d’;i

izoj Js.kh fyfid

pUnz’ks[kj

voj Js.kh fyfid

yods’k

voj Js.kh fyfid

Nk;kadu xzkfQd fMtkbu

uohu dqekj

izoj Js.kh fyfid

lUnhi JhokLro

losZ{kd

izdk’ku


Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx

5&foHkwfr [k.M] xkserh uxj

y[kuÅ+&226010

eqnz.k

if’peh eqnz.k oxZ


ikye] fnYyh&110010

Ikf=dk esa izdkf’kr lHkh jpukvksa dh ekSfydrk dk iw.kZ nkf;Ro Lo;a ys[kdksa dk gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


vuqØef.kdk

Øe la0 fooj.kh i`”B la0

1 Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx 5

2 jk"Vªh; ekufp=.k uhfr & 2005 6

3 Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx ds dk;Z 7&8

4 fgUnh jktHkk”kk ds izksRlkgu esa bl dk;kZy; dk ;ksxnku 9&10

5 dfork& ekufp= Hkou dh lqUnjrk 10

6 o`gn f=dks.kh;u Ja`[kyk 11&12

7 Hkkjrh; iz’kklu dk cnyrk Lo:i 13&15

8 vaVkdZfVdk vfHk;ku 16&23

9 ,d ;k=k% t;kiqj xkWo 24&25

10 fo".kq & y{eh laokn 25

11 MsVk lqj{kk ,oa izca/ku 26&27

12 feVkrs Hkw[k ykxs nq%[k 28

13 dnou ds nks ix ¼2008 ,oa 2011&12½ 29&30

14 viMs’ku 31&32

15 dfjvok 33&39

16 dfork& gok gokbZ 39

17 ,d jkr 40&41

18 dfork&,d cPps dh vueksy xkFkk 41&43

19 ,0ih0ts0 vCnqy dyke 44&46

20 pqVdqys 47&48

21 dkek[;k nsoh & ,d fl} ihB 49&50

22 dfork& jk”Vª Hkk”kk dh ifjHkk”kk 51&52

23 jkepfjr ekul dk thou esa egRo 53&55

24 dfork& xkWo 56

25 dqN egRoiw.kZ tkudkfj;ka 57

26 Lksokfuo`fRr 58&64

27 vPNs LoLFk LokLF; ds fy, 10 eU= 65&66

28 tkfu, MkDVj dh Hkk”kk 67

29 varZjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol 68&73

30 vk/kqfud lekt eas efgykvkas dh Hkwfedk 74&75

31 okf”kZd [ksy dwn&,d izfrosnuk 76

32 ekufp= foØ; dsUnz 77&85

33 jktHkk"kk dh mi;ksfxrk dh n`f"V ls fgUnh dks laidZ Hkk"kk 85&87

34 Nk;kfp= 88&91

35 gekjs mRikn 92&97

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad



Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh ea=ky; ds v/khu gekjs ns’k dk

jk”Vªh; lo sZ{k.k vkSj ekufp=.k laxBu gSA ;g Hkkjr ljdkj dk lcls iqjkuk oSKkfud

foHkkx gSA bldh LFkkiuk lu~ 1767 esa gqbZ FkhA

bl foHkkx ds vf/kdkjh vkSj deZpkjh nqxZe LFkkuksa esa vuqxeu o fuekZ.k dk;Z

djus ds fy;s vU;ksa dk ekxZ iz’kLr djrs gSaaA mUgsa xgu ouksa] e:LFkyksa ] nyny] lqnwj

Hkw&Hkkxksa rFkk fuEure rVh; dfVcU/kksa esa tkuk iM+rk gS vkSj mPpre fgekPNkfnr ioZrksa

ij p<+uk iM+rk gSA okLro esa os igys O;fDr gSa tks v{kr vkSj xSj&vkckn {ks=ksa esa

igqaWprs gSaA ogka os fujUrj fu”BkiwoZd vkSj lrdZ jgdj dfBu ifjJe ls ekufp= rS;kj

djrs gSa tks fd fodkl] izfrj{kk vkSj iz’kklu ds fy;s ijeko’;d gSaA bl izØe esa os

ns’k ds gj dksus vkSj mlds Hkhrjh Hkkxksa ls ifjfpr gksrs gSa vkSj Hkkjr dh feV~Vh] /kwy

vkSj tulk/kkj.k ls fey tkrs gSaA os okLro esa vius mn~ns’; ^vk lsrq fgekpye

ftldk vFkZ gS ^dU;kdqekjh varjhi ls fgeky; rd ds vuqlkj vkpj.k djrs gSaA

SURVEY OF INDIA

The Survey of India is the national survey and mapping organization of our

country, under the Ministry of Science and Technology, and is the oldest

scientific department of the Government of India. It was set up in 1767.

Its Officers and staff have to pioneer untrodden lands for others to follow

and build upon. They have to go to the deepest forests, deserts and swamps, to

the remotest corners of the land, to the lowest coastal belts and the highest

snowy mountains.

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


jk"Vªh; ekufp=.k uhfr & 2005

dsUnz ljdkj us 19 ebZ] 2005 dks ,d mnkjoknh jk”Vªh; ekufp=.k uhfr

¼,u-,e-ih-½ ?kksf”kr dhA ,u-,e-ih- ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy, foLr`r fn’kkfunsZ’k tkjh

djus ds fy, ,u-,e-ih- nLrkost Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx dks izkf/kd`r djrk gSA ;g

lqfuf’pr djus ds fy, fd bl uhfr dh izxfr esa jk”Vªh; lqj{kk mn~ns’; iw.kZr%

vfHkjf{kr gSA vr% ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gS fd ekufp=ksa dh nks Jà[kyk gksaxhA

1½ j{kk Jà[kyk ekufp=& ;s fofHkUu iSekuksa ij ifj’kq)rk dks de fd;s fcuk

ÅaWpkbZ] leksPp js[kk,aW vkSj iw.kZ vUrZoLrq lfgr LFkykd`frd ekufp= ¼,ojsLV@MCY;w-th-

,l 84 vk/kkj vkSj cgq’kadqd@,y0lh0lh0 iz{ksi ij½ gksaxsA ;s ekufp= eq[;r% j{kk

lsukvksa vkSj jk”Vªh; lqj{kk dh vko’;drkvksa dh iwfrZ djsaxs vkSj buds mi;ksx ds

lEcU/k esa j{kk ea=ky; }kjk fn’kk funsZ’k rS;kj fd;s tk;saxsA

2½ vksiu Jà[kyk ekufp=%& vksiu Jà[kyk ekufp= eq[;r% ns’k esa fodkl

dk;Zdykiksa esa lgk;rk nsus ds fy, izdkf’kr fd, tk;saxsA bu ekufp=ksa dh ‘khV

la[;k vyx gksxh vkSj ;s MCY;w0th0,l0 84 vk/kkj ij rFkk ;w0Vh0,e0 iz{ksi esa

miyC/k gksaxsA ;s ekufp= vizfrcfU/kr gksaxsA

NATIONAL MAP POLICY – 2005

The Central Govt. announced the National Map Policy on 19th May 2005.

The NMP document authorizes Survey of India to issue detailed guidelines on the

implementation of the NMP. To ensure that in the furtherance of this policy,

national security objectives are fully safeguarded, it has been decided that there

will be two Series of Maps-

i) Defence Series Maps (DSMs) :- These will be the Topograaphical maps (on Everest/WGS 84 Datum and Polyconic/LCC Projection) on various scales (with heights, contours and full content without dilution of accuracy). These maps will mainly cater for defence and national security requirements and the guidelines regarding their use will be formulated by the Ministry of Defence.

ii) Open Series Maps (OSMs) :- OSMs will be brought out primarily for supporting development activities in the country. OSMs shall bear different map sheet numbers and will be available in UTM projection on WGS 84 Datum. These maps will be un-restricted.

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx ds dk;Z

Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx losZ{k.k fo”k;d lHkh ekeyksa vFkkZr T;ksMslh]

QksVksxzkefefr] ekfufp=.k vkSj ekufp= iqu:Riknu ij Hkkjr ljdkj ds lykgdkj

ds :Ik esa dk;Z djrk gSA rFkkfi] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx ds eq[; drZO; vkSj

mRrjnkf;Ro uhps crk;s x;s gSa %&

d½ lEiw.kZ Hkwxf.krh; fu;a=.k ¼{kSfrt vkSj Å/okZ/kj½ vkSj Hkwxf.krh; losZ{k.k

¼Lost ls flaxkiqj rd ds {ks= esa fgUn egklkxj] vjc lkxj vkSj caxky dh [kkM+h

ds 40 iRruksa dh Tokj&HkkVk Hkfo”;ok.kh lfgr½ rFkk lac) HkwHkkSfrdh; losZ{k.kA

[k½ Hkkjr esa lEiw.kZ LFkkykd`frd fu;a=.k] losZ{k.k vkSj ekufp=.kA

x½ HkkSxksfyd ekufp=ksa vkSj oSekfud pkVksZa dk ekufp=.k vkSj mRiknuA

?k½ fodkl ifj;kstukvksa ds fy;s losZ{k.kA

M½ ouksa] Nkofu;ksa] o`gr iSekus ij uxj losZ{k.k vkSj ifjn’khZ ¼xkbM½ ekufp=ksa

vkfn ds fy;s losZ{k.kA

Pk½ fof’k”V ekufp=ksa dk losZ{k.k vkSj ekufp=.k] mnkgj.kkFkZ % unh rV {ks= rFkk

Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk izkf/kd`r HkkSxksfyd vUos”k.kA

N½ HkkSxksfyd ukeksa dh orZuhA

Tk½ Hkkjr x.kjkT; dh ckg~; lhekvksa dk lhekadu] ns’k esa izdkf’kr ekufp=ksa

ij mudk fp=.k vkSj vUrjkZT; lhekvksa ds lhekadu ij Hkh ijke’kZ nsukA

>½ foHkkx ds fy;s visf{kr vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa] dsUnzh; ljdkj ds

foHkkxksa rFkk jkT;ksa ds izf’k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa vkSj Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk izk;ksftr fons’kh

izf’k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks izf’k{k.k nsukA

´½ ekufp=dyk] eqnz.k] T;ksMslh] QksVksxzkefefr rFkk LFkkykd`frd losZ{k.k esa

vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl rFkk Lons’khdj.kA

V½ lkjs ns’k esa ok;q QksVksxzkQh&O;oLFkk miyC/k djkus esa leUo; vkSj fu;a=.kA

mi;ZqDr mRrjnkf;Roksa ds vfrfjDr Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx lHkh izdkj ds

losZ{k.k vkSj ekufp=.k ls lEcfU/kr fo”k;ksa ij Hkkjr ljdkj ds lHkh ea=ky;ksa vkSj

foHkkxksa rFkk vU; laxBuksa dks mudh vko’;drkvksa ds vuq:Ik O;ogkfjd :Ik ls

ijke’kZ vkSj lwpuk nsus dk dk;Z djrk gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


WHAT IT DOES

The Survey of India acts as adviser to the Government of India on all survey matters, viz geodesy, photogrammetry, mapping and map reproduction. However, the main duties and responsibilities of the Survey of India are enumerated below –

a) All geodetic control (horizontal and vertical) and geodetic surveys

(including tide predictions for 40 ports in Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, in the region from Suez to Singapore) and allied geophysical surveys.

b) All topographical control, surveys and mapping within India. c) Mapping and production of geographical maps and aeronautical

charts. d) Surveys for development projects. e) Survey of forests, cantonments, large scale city surveys, Guide

maps etc. f) Survey and mapping of special maps e.g. riverain areas and

geographical explorations authorized by the Government of India. g) Spellings of geographical names. h) Demarcation of the external boundaries of the Republic of India,

their depiction on maps published in the country and also advice on the demarcation of interstate boundaries.

i) Training of officers and staff required for the department, trainees, from Central Government Departments and States and trainees from foreign countries as are sponsored by the Government of India.

j) Research and Development in cartography, printing, geodesy photogrammetry, topographical surveys and indigenization.

k) Co-ordination and control in providing aerial photographic cover over the whole of the country.

In addition to the above responsibilities, the Survey of India renders advice and information on all kinds of surveys and cartographic matters practically to all the Ministries and Departments of the Government of India as well as other organizations requiring their services.

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


fgUnh jktHkk”kk ds izksRlkgu esa bl dk;kZy; dk ;ksxnku

izeksn dqekj]

lgk;d

fgUnh jktHkk”kk ds fodkl esa iwohZ mRrj izns’k Hkw0LFkk0vkW0ds0 dk ;ksxnku

vR;f/kd ljkguh; gSa A bl dsUnz us fgUnh jktHkk”kk ds izR;sd {ks= esa viuk ;ksxnku

fn;k gSA ;g dk;kZy; 80% ls vf/kd ljdkjh dke dkt fgUnh esa djus ds fy, o”kZ

2006 esa vf/klwfpr fd;k tk pqdk gS rc ls vc rd bl dsUnz us jktHkk”kk }kjk

fu/kkZfjr y{;] 100% i= izs”k.k esa izkIr dj pqdk gSA bl dsUnz }kjk o”kZ 2011 esa

40% vuqHkkxksa dks jktHkk”kk fu;e 1976 ds fu;e 8 ¼4½ ds v arxZr fofufnZ”V fd;k

tk pqdk gSA

bl dsUnz ds lHkh vk’kqfyfid ,oa voj Js.kh fyfid fgUnh vk’kqfyfid@fgUnh

Vad.k esa izf’k{k.k izkIr dj pqds gSaA bl laca/k esa ujkdkl] y[kuÅ }kjk fiNys lkyksa

esa dksbZ fgUnh Vad.k dh lqfo/kk iznku u djus ds ckotwn jktHkk”kk foHkkx] ubZ fnYyh

}kjk lEidZ LFkkfir dj bl dsUnz ds voj Js.kh fyfidksa dks fgUnh Vad.k esa izf’kf{kr

djok;k x;k vkSj mUgsa jktHkk”kk }kjk fu/kkZfjr iqjLdkj Hkh iznku fd;k x;kA bl dsUnz

ds yxHkx lHkh vf/kdkjh@deZpkjh dEI;wVj ij fgUnh@;wuhdksM esa dk;Z djrs gSa A

jktHkk”kk foHkkx }kjk bl dsUnz dk o”kZ 2011 esa la;qDr funs’kd] jktHkk”kk foHkkx }kjk

fujh{k.k fd;k x;k A bl dsUnz }kjk ljdkjh dkedkt esa fgUnh jktHkk”kk ds iz;ksx dh

fLFkfr dks cgqr vPNk crk;k x;k vkSj tgka dgha ij muds }kjk lykg nh x;h mldk

fujkdj.k dj fn;k x;k A

bl dsUnz }kjk izR;sd o”kZ fgUnh esa ljkguh; dk;Z ds fy, fgUnh fVIi.k ,oa

vkys[ku iqjLdkj ckdk;ns lfefr dk xBu dj iznku fd;k tkrk gSA foxr o”kZ 2013

ls bl dk;kZy; }kjk dk;Z’kkyk dk vk;kstu fu;fer :Ik ls fd;k tkrk gS A bl

laca/k esa ujkdkl y[kuÅ }kjk vk;ksftr Nekgh cSBd esa iz’kfLr i= iznku dj bl

dk;kZy; dks lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA

o”kZ 2014&15 esa bl dsUnz }kjk fgUnh if=dk Hkw&niZ.k vad&1 dk izdk’ku

fd;k x;k ftlds fy;s ujkdkl y[kuÅ us viuh Nekgh cSBd esa VªkQh ,oa iz’kfLr i=

ls lEekfur fd;k x;k ,oW dk;kZy; esa vPNs dke&dkt dh ljkguk Hkh dhA

;g dsUnz izR;sd frekgh esa jktHkk”kk dk;ZkUo;u lfefr dh cSBd vk;ksftr

djrk gSA cSBd esa fy;s x;s fu.kZ; dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gSA tSls fgUnh lkfgfR;d

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


iqLrdksa ds Ø; djus ,oa dqN izpfyr QkeksZ dks f}Hkk”kh djuk vkfn vusd fgUnh

jktHkk”kk ls tqM+as dk;kZsa dks lnL;ksa dh jk; ls iwjk fd;k tkrk gSa A

Ukxj jktHkk”kk dh dk;ZkUo;u lfefr ds cSBd esa dk;kZy; izeq[k vfuok;Z :i

ls lnSo Hkkx ysrs gSa A bl dsUnz }kjk fgUnh frekgh izxfr fjiksVZ oso vk/kkfjr lwpuk

iz.kkyh ds vUrZxr On Line ea=ky; dks izsf”kr dh tkrh gSA fgUnh jktHkk”kk ls lEcfU/kr

lHkh foojf.k;ka frekgh@Nekgh@ okf”kZd ,oW ujkdkl dks izsf”kr v/kZZokf”kZd fooj.kh Hkh

le; ls izsf”kr dh tkrh gSa A vij egklosZ{kd] mRrjh {ks= }kjk izdkf’kr if=dk tkx`fr

esa izdk’ku lkexzh nsus ij bl dk;kZy; ds Jh vk’kqrks”k pØorhZ] vf/k0losZ{kd ,oW Jh

uoeh yky]losZ{k.k lgk;d dks mudh izdk’ku lkexzh ij iqjLd`r fd;k x;k gSA

jktHkk”kk }kjk ewY;kadu iqjLdkj dh tkudkjh gsrq mi funs’kd ¼dk;kZUo;u½ xkft;kckn

,oW ujkdkl] y[kuÅ ls i= }kjk lEidZ Hkh LFkkfir fd;k x;kA jktHkk”kk fgUnh ds

izksRlkgu eas iwohZ m0iz0Hkw0LFkk0vkW0ds0 dk ;ksxnku vPNk jgk gS A

ekufp= Hkou dh lqUnjrk

f’koiqtkjh]

,e0Vh0,l0

bZLV ;w0ih0th0Mh0lh0 dh] U;w fcfYMax fujkyh gS A

xkserh uxj ds foHkwfr [kaM eas] mRre ‘kksHkk okyh gS AA

fo;j gkmflax ds gh cxy eas] uo fufeZr fcfYMax U;kjh gS A

cslesaV ds Åij thjks ls] rhu rYys dh Nfo U;kjh gS AA

lkFk eas nksuksa vksj lhf<+;ka] tks yxrh cfygkjh gS A

fy¶V Hkh mleas yxh gqbZ gS] tks vius esa U;kjh gS AA

Hkwry ij gS lHkkgky] lc ^^gky** mls Hkh dgrs gS A

Ckkn lHkk ds pkSifg;k] xkfM+;ka [kM+h Hkh djrs gS AA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


o`gn f=dks.kh;u Ja`[kyk

iznhi dqekj vk;Z

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd]

lu~ 1765 eas dSIVu jkcVZ Dykbo }kjk eqxy ’kkld ’kkg vkye f}rh;] caxky

ds uokc ,oa vo/k ds uokc dks gjkus ds i’pkr~ caxky] fcgkj] vo/k] e/; izkar ,ao

fnYyh rd lEizHkqRo vf/kdkj izkIr dj fy;k x;kA lu~ 1767 eas Dykbo }kjk estj

jsusy dks losZ;j tujy vkQ caxky fu;qDr fd;kA lu~ 1767 ls 1814 rd losZ{k.k

foHkkx dk dk;Z fczfV’k lsuk ds vfHk;ku ,oa foLrkjoknh uhfr;ksa dks enn igqWapkuk FkkA

bl uhfr;ksa ds varxZr ogkWa ds yksxks dh fLFkfr] thou Lrj] lsuk ds fy, lgh :Vksa dh

tkudkjh nsuk Fkk] vkerkSj ij losZ{k.k djus okys Vhe dks ogkWa ds LFkkuh; yksx tklwl

le>rs Fks] blfy, ’kd dh utj ls ns[krs FksA bl Jà[kyk eas vkjafHkd dk;Z] HkxhjFkh

?kkVh dk ekufp=] Ygklk ,oa ekuljksoj dk ekxZ lryt unh ,oa f’keyk ds igkfM+;ksa

dh [kkst ,oa fp=.k] d’ehj] yn~nk[k ,oa cywfpLrku dk fp=.k bR;kfn Fks A ml le;

ds ekufp=ksa dks js[kkfp= ,oa ;k=k o`rkUr] ;k=k ds nkSjku gq, ?kVukvkas ogkWa ds

tu&ekul ds v/;;u ds :i eas gksrk Fkk] tks flQZ mRrjh Hkkjr rd gh lhfer Fkk A

estj tsEl jsusy dks fczfV’kj }kjk ^Qknj vkQ bf.M;u T;ksxzkQh* dh mikf/k ls uoktk

x;k Fkk] muds funs Z’ku es ^caxky ,Vyl^ ,oa ^fgUnqLrku dk ekufp=^ rS;kj fd;k x;kA

lu~ 1799 eas eSlwj jkT; ds iru ds ckn lEiw.kZ Hkkjr dk fo’kky

Hkw&Hkkx bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh ds fu;a=.k eas vk x;kA mlh le; Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx

}kjk nf{k.kh Hkkjr ds :V ,oa VksiksxzkfQdy losZ{k.k djus ds fy, Ýkafll cqpuku dks

dk;Z lkSaik x;k vkSj duZy eSdkfyu eSdsUth dks T;ksMh; losZ{k.k dk dk;Z lkSaik x;kA

lu~ 1815 eas duZy dkfyu eSdsath Hkkjr ds izFke egklosZ{kd cus rks mUgksaus T;ksMh;

losZ{k.k dk dk;Z fofy;e ySEcVu ds usr`Ro eas vkxs c<+kus dh ftEesnkjh ns nh A

ySEcVu us Hkkjrh; izk;}hi dk f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk cukdj T;ksMh; losZ{k.k dh ;kstuk

cukbZA mudh ;kstuk ds vuqlkj iwjs Hkkjr dks f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk ls 4 lky ds vUnj

tksM+ fn;k tkuk FkkA duZy fofy;e ySEcVu us eSlwj jkT; ds varxZr vkus okys

caxykSj eas cslykbu cukdj eSlwj ls enzkl rd ,d NksVh f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk cuk;h Fkh

tks 250 fdeh dh Jà[kyk Fkh] bl dk;Z dks iwjk djus esa ,d lky ls T;knk le;

yxk FkkA bl dk;Z es ] pkyhl dfM+;ksa ds lkS QhV yEcs jSElMsu psu ls] t:jh la’kks/ku

ds i’pkr cslykbu dk ekiu fd;k x;k FkkA f=dks.kh;u ekiu esa 36 bap&ofuZ;j

fFk;ksMksykbV dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k FkkA bl f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk dk lekiu ekmaV Fkksel

ppZ esa csl ykbu cukdj fd;k x;k FkkA bl rjg f=dks.kh;u Ja[kyk dh 'kq:vkr gks

x;h FkhA bleas vkus okys [kkfe;ksa ds fujkdj.k ds fy, fFk;ksMksykbV vkSj ekid psu eas

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


ifjorZu fd;k x;k A 36 bap ds LFkku ij 18 bap ofuZ;j fFk;ksMksykbV dk bLrseky

fd;k x;kA yksgs dh psu ds LFkku ij LVhy psu dks baXyS.M ls exk;k x;k A enzkl

¼orZeku psUubZ½ ls dSai dSe:u dks xksok ls eNyhiRrue rd lac) dj f=dks.kh;u

Jà[kyk dks iw.kZ fd;k x;k A lu~ 1818 eas dSIVu tktZ ,ojsLV bl dk;Z dks vkxs

c<+kus ds fy, Vhe eas ‘kkfey gq, A dSIVu tktZ ,ojsLV dh esgur ,oa lksp us fofy;e

ySEcVu ,d lkekU; f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk dks o`gn f=dks.kkh;u Jà[kyk ds :i eas iwjss

Hkkjr eas tky ln’; QSyk fn;kA

Hkkjr ds egklosZ{kd cuus ds ckn Hkh] o`gn f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk ¼ GTS ½ ds

dk;Z ds egRo dks /;ku es j[krs gq, duZy fofy;e ySEcVu us GTS dk v/kh{kd in

vius ikl gh j[kkA Hkkjrh; izk;}hi esa duZy fofy;e ySEcVu ds lkFk tqM+s jgus ds

dkj.k dSIVu tktZ ,ojsLV dks f=dks.kh;u dk;Z dk vuqHko igys gh fey pqdk Fkk A

mUgksus Hkkjrh; izk;}hi es ekSle es gksus okys ifjorZu] bl ifjorZu esa gksus okyh

chekfj;k¡] LFkkuh; yksxks ds vU/kfo’okl rFkk lo sZ{k.k ds dk;Z es vkus okyh {ks=h;

leL;kvksa dh iwjh tkudkjh ,ao vuqHko FkkA blfy, mUgksuss o`gn f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk dks

flQZ vkxs gh ugha c<+k;k vfirq bles iz;qDr gksus okys ;a=kas ds fMtkbu ,oa dfe;ksa ds

fujkdj.k lEcU/kh lq>ko fn;sA f=dks.kh;u ykbu dk vf/kdre nwjh 20 ehy rd gh

iwoZ es j[kk tkrk Fkk] bl leL;k dks nwj djus ds fy, ghfy;ksa ¼lwjt ds jks’kuh ls

pedus okyk ijkoRkZd ;a=½ ,oa ukbV ySEi dk fuekZ.k djok;k A ftlls 60 ehy rd

f=dks.kh;u ykbu dk ekiu fd;k tkrk Fkk A rhu vyx& vyx ofuZ;j Ldsy

fFk;ksMksykbV ds fMtkbu dks yanu ds izs{k.k’kkyk ess fuekZ.k gsrq fn;kA cslykbu ekiu ds

fy, feJ /kkrq ds Vsi dk fuekZ.k djok;kA ;a=ksa es ewyHkwr lq/kkj ds ckn o`gn

f=dks.kkh;u Ja[kyk dk dk;Z djuk vklku gks x;k A lu~ 1930 eas duZy tktZ ,ojsLV

Hkkjr ds egklosZ{kd cusA mlds ckn bl dk;Z dks vck/k xfr fey xbZ A izFke o`gr

f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk dsi dse:u ¼dU;kdqekjh½ ls fljkSat csl ¼nsgjknwu½ rd] ftldh

2500 fdeh0 yEckbZ gS mls lQyrk iwoZd iw.kZ fd;k x;kA bl Jà[kyk dks iwjs nqfu;k

es n xzsV bafM;u vkdZ vkWQ esfjfM;u ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA

lu~ 1843 eas duZy tktZ ,ojsLV ds lsokfuo`fRr ds i’pkr ,Mª;w LdkVckx

Hkkjr ds egklosZ{kd cusA mUgksaus bl dk;Z dks vkxs c<+krs gq, lu~ 1863 es o`gr

f=dks.kh;u Jà[kyk lek;ksftr djk;k ] ftldk ifj.kke izFke Js.kh Jà[kyk ds vUrZxr

ik;k x;kA blls mRlkfgr gksdj iwoksZRrj fgeky;u f=dks.kh;u Ja`[kyk] if’peksRrj

fgeky; Jà[kyk dk dk;Z iw.kZ djk;k] tks lu~ 1878 eas iw.kZ gqvk A mlh o"kZ Hkkjr ds

u;s egklosZ{kd tsEl Vh okdj us VksiksxzkfQdy losZ{k.k ,oa xzsV fVªxuksesVªhdy losZ{k.k

dks la;qDr dj eq[;ky; nsgjknwu cuk;k A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Hkkjrh; iz’kklu dk cnyrk Lo:i

foiqy dqekj oekZ

losZ{kd

^ijk/khu liusagq lq[k ukgha* dks pfjrkFkZ djrs gq, dgk tkrk gS fd ^cqjs ls cqjk

ns’kh ‘kklu Hkh vPNs ls vPNs fons’kh ‘kklu ls vPNk gksrk gS*A ysfdu gekjk nqHkkZX; gh

gS fd gekjk ns’k 712 bZ0 ls 1947 bZ0 rd vusd fons’kh ‘kkldks ds v/khu jgkA

pkgs vupkgs mu fons’kh ‘kkluksa dk gekjh iz’kklfud O;oLFkk ij xgjk izHkko iM+kA

orZeku O;oLFkk fczfV’k ‘kklu dh fojklr ekuh tkrh gS D;ksafd 1947 esa lRrk

gLrkaUrj.k ds le; geus fczfV’k iz’kklfud <+kps dks gh ;Fkkor Lohdkj fd;k FkkA

LVhyÝse ds uke ls izfl} vkbZ0,0,l0 ,oa vU; yksd lsokvksa dk fodkl

fczfV’k iz’kklu dh nsu gSA yksd lsokvksa esa jktif=r ,oa vjktif=r dk Hksn] ;ksX;rk

vk/kkfjr HkrhZ] okf”kZd xksiuh; fjiksVZ] mPp vf/kdkfj;ksa dks vf/kd osru] mudh vkoklh;

dkyksuh vke turk ds vkoklksa ls nwj ^flfoy ykbUl* ds :i esa clkus rFkk ?kqM+nkSM+

euksjatu gsrq ^jsldkslZ* dh ijEijk] vaxzstks }kjk fodflr gqbZ FkhA lfpoky;h O;oLFkk]

ukSdj’kkgh dh dBksj dk;Ziz.kkyh rFkk Qkby O;oLFkk dh ‘kq:vkr fczfV’k dky esa gqbZA

pwWfd vaxzst vf/kdkjh vke Hkkjrh;ksa dks >wBk] xWokj rFkk tkfgy dgdj izrkfM+r djrs

Fks vr% izR;sd iz’kklfud dk;Z esa yEcs pkSM+s QkeZ] ‘kiFk i=] pfj= izek.k i= rFkk

jktif=r vf/kdkjh }kjk lR;kiu vkfn izfØ;k;as mUgksus fu/kkZfjr dh FkhA yksd lsodksa esa

turk ls Js”B i`Fkd rFkk Lokeh le>us dh izo`fRr rFkk lkgc ,oa ckcwjkt vaxzsth

‘kklu dh gh fod`fr;kW gSaA iqfyl iz’kklu rks vHkh Hkh ^iqfyl vf/kfu;e 1861* ls

pyk;k tk jgk gSA

vki yksx lskp jgs gksaxs fd bu lcdk orZeku iz’kklu ls D;k lEca/k gS\

vxj xEHkhjrk ls ge fopkj djsa rks bldk cgqr xgjk lEca/k gS D;ksafd dgk tkrk gS &

^^rhj dks nwj rd igqpkus ds fy, /kuq”k dh Mksj dks dku ds ihNs nwj rd [khapuk iMrk

gSA* vFkkZr fcuk ihNs x;s vkSj dfe;ksa dks tkus cxSj ge csgrj Hkfo”; dh dYiuk ugha

dj ldrsA

vusd ,slh cqjkbZ;kWa gSa tks gekjs iz’kklu esa fczfV’k dky ls fujUrj tkjh gSA

iz’kklfud vf/kdkfj;ksa dks ckj&ckj ,d foHkkx ls nwljs foHkkx esa Hkstus dh fczfV’k

izo`fRr dks viukus ds dkj.k yksd lsod nh?kkZof/k rd ,d foHkkx esa ugha jg ikrs gSA

ifj.kke Lo:i os ges’kk flQZ dkxtksa esa Bhd cus jguk pkgrs gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


vusd iz’kklfud fpUrdks dk ekuuk gS fd fdzLVksQj ,.Mjlu }kjk izfrikfnr

iks&iks fl}kUr ¼𝑃𝑜Po) Passed On Passed Over Hkkjrh; iz’kklu esa tM+s tek pqdk gS tgkW ifjJe ,oa izfrc)rk ls dk;Z djus okys dh vis{kk iz’kklfud fu;eksa dh

my>uks ,oa dfe;ksa dh vkM+ ysdj dk;Z dks VkyeVksy dh izo`fRr viukus okys dkfeZd

T;knk ykHk mBkrs gSA

turk ls izR;{k tqM+s dqN foHkkxksa ds dqN ofj”B prqj iz’kklfud vf/kdkjh vius

;qok dfu”B vQljksa dks dqN bl rjg l s ABCD fl[kkrs gSaA

A- Avoid ¼tgkW rd lEHko gks dk;Z ls cpks½ B- By Pass ¼dk;Z vk gh tk;s arks nwljksa rd Vkyus dk iz;kl djks½ C- Confuse ¼dk;Z Vkyk u tk lds rks mls bruk tfVy dj nks fd dksbZ le> u lds½ D- Destroy ¼lEHko gks rks dk;Z ls tqM+s lk{; gh u”V dj nks½

,d nwljh chekjh Hkkjrh; iz’kklu esa ns[kus dks feyrh gS mldk uke gS

^cdekLVjf’ki*A bl chekjh dk y{k.k gS fd blesa mPp iz’kklfud vf/kdkjh tfVy

dk;ksZa ls cpus ds fy, mldks vius v/khuLFkksa dks gLrkarfjr dj nsrs gS ,oa dksbZ Hkh

xyrh fudyus ij [kwc MkaVrs gSaA Hkkjr esa rks fLFkfr ;g gSa fd ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa

esa izos’k djrs le; njcku lkgc dks lSY;wV ekjrk gS tcfd lkgc izR;qRrj esa

lkekU; f’k”Vkpkj fuHkkuk rks nwj mldh vksj ns[krs Hkh ugha gSaA

Hkkjr ds lHkh iz/kkueaf=;ksa us ^LoPN iz’kklu* ,oa ^dk;Z laLd`fr* ls ;qDr yksd

lsokvksa dh odkyr dh ysfdu vHkh Hkh pkiywlh@pepkxhjh dk dksbZ Bksl lek/kku

ugha [kkstk tk ldk gSA

bUgh lc dfe;ksa ds dkj.k gkoZMZ ds vFkZ’kkL=h yS.V fizVpsaV us Hkkjr dks ,d Flailing State ¼vikfgt jkT;½ ekuk gS ftldk efLr”d rks e s/kkoh gS fdUrq vU; vax fuf”dz; ;k <hys gSaA

,slk ugh gS fd bu dfe;ksa dks iz’kklu ls nwj djus ds mik; ugh a gq,A vusd

iz;kl fd;s x;s gaS tSls lwpuk ds vf/kdkj }kjk iz’kklu e sa vukerk rFkk xksiuh;rk

dks [kRe fd;k x;k gSA vusd iz;kl tkjh Hkh gSaA LoPN iz’kklu ds fy, vkt 4E

,oa 3R ij cgqr tksj fn;k tk jgk gSA 1-Efficiency ¼n{krk½ 1-Return ¼mfpr izfrQy½ 2-Economy ¼ferO;;rk½ 2-Reuse ¼iqu% mi;ksx½ 3-Effectiveness ¼izHkko‘khyrk½ 3-Recycle ¼iqUk% pØh;dj.k½ 4-Ethics ¼uSfrd ewY;½

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


iz'kklu dks vius mn~ns’;ksa esa lQy gksus ds fy, 4F dks viukuk gksxkA

1. Fast 2. Focused 3. Friendly 4. Flexible mijksDr y{;ksa dks izkIr djus ds fy, iz’kklu dh lajpuk dks 4D ds rgr

<kyuk gksxkA

1-Decentralisation ¼fodsUnzhdj.k½

2-Delegation ¼izR;k;kstu½

3-Democratisation ¼yksdra=hdj.k½

4-Debureaucratisation ¼foukSdj’kkghdj.k½ vktdy iz’kklu dks izHkkoh cukus ds fy, vfHk’kklu (Good Governance) ij

tksj fn;k tk jgk gSA vFkkZr “Minimum Government & Maximum Governance”. vfHk’kklu dh vo/kkj.kk bZ& ‘kklu ls feyrh&tqyrh gSA ftls LekVZ (SMART) ‘kklu Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

S- Small /Simple ¼ukSdj’kkgh dk NksVk vkdkj½

M- Moral ¼uSfrdrk½

A- Accountable ¼tokcnsg½

R- Reliable ¼fo’oluh;½ T- Transparent ¼ikjnf’kZrk½

ÞCkgqtu fgrk; cgqtu lq[kk;Þ dh fopkj /kkjk ij vk/kkfjr dY;k.kdkjh jkT;

dks ifjHkkf”kr djrs gq, egkRek xkW/kh Tkh dgrs gaS&^^yksd dY;k.kdkjh jkT; og gS

tks izR;sd vkW[k ls vkWlw iksNus dk dk;Z djs**A ckiw yksd dY;k.kdkjh jkT; esa ^jke

jkT;* dk vDl ns[krs FksA vFkkZr ,slk jkT; tks vius lHkh ukxfjdksa dks U;wure

thou Lrj iznku djuk viuk vfuok;Z drZO; le>rk gSA

vkt vko’;drk gS iqjkus vizklafxd dkuwuks a dks [kRe djus dhA blds fy,

t:jh gS fd fo/kkf;dk t:jh dkuwu cuk;s U;k;ikfydk bu dkuwuks dh oS/kkfudrk

dh tkWp djsa ,oa lcls egRoiw.kZ gS fd iz’kklfud dk;Zikfydk mls lgh ls

fØ;kfUor djsA blds fy, vusd i z’kklfud fpUrd vkt izfrc) ukSdj’kkgh dh

odkyr djrs gSa vkSj bl rjg fo/kkf;dk] dk;Zikfydk ,oa U;k;ikfydk ds leUo;

}kjk Hkkjr fodflr jk”Vªks a dh Js.kh esa ‘kkfey gks ldrk gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


vaVkdZfVdk vfHk;ku

KkusUnz iky

losZ{kd

cpiu esa eSus vaVkdZfVdk esa Hkkjr ds }kjk LFkkfir fd;s x;s izFke LVs’ku

^^nf{k.kh xaxks=h** ds ckjs esa lquk Fkk A rc rd jksekap lk Fkk fd Hkkjr us ;gkWa ls

yxHkx 13000 fdeh nwj fLFkr ,d ,sls ohjku cQZ ls <ds gq, egk}hi ij fjlpZ csl

rS;kj fd;k gS tgka ij vius vki dks thfor j[krs gq, ogka dh tyok;q dk lkeuk

djuk gh ,d eq[; pqukSrh gSA Hkkjr dks vaVkdZfVdk esa fjlpZ LVs’ku cukus esa cgqr lh

ijs’kkfu;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+k FkkA if’peh ns’kksa us Hkkjr ds fjlpZ LVs’ku dk iqjtksj

fojks/k fd;k ijUrq :l us ml le; Hkkjr dk lkFk fn;k A orZeku le; esa

vaVkdZfVdk esa Hkkjr ds nks fjlpZ LVs’ku g aS ,d ^^eS=h** rFkk nwljk ^^Hkkjrh** A nf{k.kh

xaxks=h cQZ dh ‘khV ij cuk;k x;k Hkkjr dk izFke LVs’ku Fkk tks fd LVs’ku ds }kjk

NksM+h x;h xehZ ls /khjs&/khjs cQZ esa /kalrk pyk x;k vkSj orZeku esa og iwjh rjg ls

cQZ esa lek x;k gSA

nf{k.k xaxks=h ls yxHkx 100 fdeh dh nwjh ij Hkkjr us nwljk fjlpZ LVs’ku

eS=h cuk;k gS tks fd pV~Vku ds Åij cuk gqvk gS ftls flekjpj vks,fll dgk tkrk

gSA bldk fuekZ.k Mh0vkj0Mh0,y0 ds lg;ksx ls iwjk fd;k tks fd Hkkjrh; lsuk dh

,d bdkbZ gS A orZeku esa bl eS=h LVs’ku ds ikl ,d u;k eS=h fjlpZ LVs’ku cukus

dk izLrko gS ftlesa 100 yksxksa ds :dus dh O;oLFkk gks vkSj og vk/kqfud lq[k

lqfo/kkvksa ls iw.kZ gks A Hkkjr dk ,d vkSj vk/kqfud LVs’ku ^^Hkkjrh** gS tks fd teZu

dEiuh ds }kjk cuk;k x;k gS ;gkWa ij gj ,d pht vk/kqfud gS pkgs og fyfoax :e

gks Vk;ysV] jlksbZ ?kj] iz;ksx’kkyk] tujsVj d{k] ok;q fu;U=.k la;=] rki fu;U=.k la;=,

ty ‘kks/kd la;=] [kku&iku laxzg d{k ;k vU; phtsa gksaA bu lHkh phtksa dh ;kstuk

cgqr gh vPNh rjhds ls dh x;h gSA

eS o”kZ 2007 esas losZ vkWQ bf.M;k esa vk;k Fkk vkSj eq>s irk pyk fd losZ

vkWQ bf.M;k gj lky vius deZpkfj;ksa dks vaVkdZfVdk dk;Z ds fy, Hkstrk gSA mlh fnu

ls eSus fu.kZ; fy;k Fkk fd eS ,d u ,d fnu ml fo’kky lQsn egk}hi ij vo’;

tkÅ Waxk A eSus 2008 ls izR;sd o”kZ viuk uke bl vfHk;ku ds fy, Hkstk vkSj eq>s

o”kZ 2014 esa ;g lqvolj izkIr gqvkA eq>s ;kn gS fd tqykbZ 2014 esa ukosYVh esa

iRuh ds lkFk ^^ eS rsjk ghjks** ns[k jgk Fkk rHkh iznhi flag dk Qksu vk;k fd rqEgkjk

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


p;u 34th vaVkdZfVdk vfHk;ku esa gks x;k A og {k.k esjh ftUnxh dk cgqr gh

egRoiw.kZ {k.k FkkA esjs thou dk ,d liuk iwjk gksus okyk Fkk A

esjh vaVkdZfVdk dh ;k=k dh ‘kq:vkr loZizFke Hkkjrh; vk;qZfoKku laLFkku] ubZ

fnYyh esassa esfMdy ijh{k.k ls gqbZ tks fd pkj fnuksa rd pyk ftlesa yxHkx iwjs ‘kjhj

dh tk Wap gq;h vkSj 27 i`”Bksa dh ,d fjiksVZ cukdj NCAOR (National Centre for

Antarctic and Ocean Research) dks Hksth x;hA Hkkjr esa NCAOR og laLFkk gS tks

vaVkdZfVdk vkSj vkdZfVd {ks=ksa ds vfHk;ku ny dks Hkstrk gSA vfHk;ku ls lEcfU/kr gj

pht dks NCAOR miyC/k djkrk gS A

esfMdy ijh{k.k lekIr gksus ds vxys gh fnu ,d cl ge 23 yksxksa dh izFke

Vhe dks vkSyh] tks’kh eB esa b.Mks frCcr ckMZj iqfyl ds Vªsfuax dSEi esa ys tkus ds

fy, [kM+h Fkh A ogkW ij izh&vaVkdZfVdk izf’k{k.k ds vUrxZr ekmUVsfu;fjax ,oa Ldhbax]

vkSyh eas 12 fnuksa rd ekmUVsfu;fjax] Vªsfdax] ‘kkjhfjd izf’k{k.k nh xbZ vkSsj ;gkW vkink

izcU/ku ds ckjs esa dkQh dqN fl[kyk;k x;kA HkwL[kyu] ck<+ vU; fdlh izdkj dh

izkd`frd vkink esa fdl izdkj Lo;a dks cpkrs gq, nwljksa dh tku&eky dh j{kk djuk

pkfg,A vUVkdfVZdk esa ges’kk vius lkFkh tksMs+ ds lkFk gh ckgj tkuk pkfg, A eqlhcr

vkus ij ;k cQZ dh [kkbZ esa fxj tkus ij Lo;a ;k vius lkfFk;ksa dh fdl izdkj enn

djuk A bu lHkh dh Vªsfuax ,oa cpko dk rjhdk fl[kk;k x;k A cQZ ij pyus esa

iz;qDr gksus okys midj.k tSls fd vkbZl ,Dl] ØsEi&vku, jksi dkjkfcuk bR;kfn ds

bLrseky ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nh x;h A blh Vªsfuax ds vUrxZr 04 fnuksa dh Vªsfdax

cnzhukFk esa gq;h ogkWa ij Hkh lqcg 05 cts ls ysdj ‘kke rd dh dfBu vH;kl ds ckn

tc ‘kke dks rIrdq.M esa Luku djrs Fks rks ‘kjhj dh lkjh Fkdku xk;c gks tkrh FkhA

ge yksxks dks bu lcdh Vªsfuax nsus esa b.Mks frCcr okMZj iqfyl ds eukst dqekj] iou

vkSj tksr flag dk dkQh ;ksxnku jgkA lh/ks igkM+ ij jLlh dh lgk;rk ls Åij p<uk

vkSj fQj dwnrs gq, uhps mrjuk cgqr gh jksekap iSnk djrk Fkk A

vkSyh esa Vªsfuax dh lekfIr ds i'pkr eq> T;ks0 ,oa vuq0 ’kk[kk] nsgjknwu esa

fjiksVZ djuk Fkk tgkWa ij gekjh losZ dh Vhe dks vaVkdZfVdk esa fd;s tkus okys dk;Z dh

;kstuk cukuh FkhA ge yksxks us yxHkx nks lIrkg rd nsgjknwu esa jgdj viuh

dk;Z&;kstuk dk iwjk [kkdk rS;kj fd;kA gekjs lkFk Vhe YkhMj ih0lh0 Mkxyk th Fks tks

fd dkQh tq>k: O;fDr gSA gesa vaVkdZfVdk esa VksVy LVs’ku ls dk;Z djuk Fkk tks ;a=

gesa fn;s x;s Fks mudk cSVjh cSd&vi ek= 15 feuV dk gh FkkA ge yksxks us ubZ

cSVjh dh fMek.M dh ftls iwjk ugha fd;k x;k vkSj funsZ’k fn;k x;k fd ge yksx

Dyhuksiksy ,oa gkbZV cqd dh enn ls mpkb;ksa dks fudkysaxsA bu lc dk gy Mkxyk th

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


us fudkyk mUgksaus vius iSls ls 10&10 okV dh yxHkx nks cSVjh ykdj mldks tqxkM+

yxk dj VksVy LVs’ku esa fQV dj fn;k ;s cSVjh yxHkx 08 ?k.Vs dk CkSd&vi nsrh Fkh

ftldh cnkSyr gekjs dke dh {kerk esa c<ksRRkjh gq;h vkSj ge yksxks us csgrj ifj.kke

fn;s A

fnokyh ds rqjUr ckn gesa xksok cqyk;k x;k tgka ij Qk;j QkbZfVax dh Vªsfuax

ysus ds i’pkr uoEcj dks eqEcbZ ,vjiksVZ ls tksgkUlcxZ dh mM+ku Hkjh tgkWa ls ge

dsiVkmu x;s A nks fnu rd gesa dsiVkmu ds yxwu ohp gksVy esa Bgjk;k x;k tks fd

leqnz ds fdukjs FkkA gksVy ds dejkas esa bysDVªkfud lsQ yxk gS ftuds ikloMZ Mkydj

vki viuk dherh lkeku j[k ldrs FksA ckFk:e esa ikuh viuh lqfo/kkuqlkj xeZ ;k

BaMk dSlk Hkh ,d gh uy ls ys ldrs FksA jkr esa Xykl ls inkZ gVkdj leqnz ds n’kZu

gksrs FksA dsiVkmu esa nks fnuksa esa ogka ij cksYMj vkbyS.M ij lhy ns[ks] ikdZ esa tkdj

isUX;qbZu ns[ks vkSj dsi vkQ xqM gksi ij tkdj ykbZV gkml ns[kkA dsi vkQ xqM gksi

lkmFk vÝhdk dk lcls nf{k.k fljs ij ,d dsi uqek vkd`fr gS ftls dsi vkQ xqM

gksi dgk x;kA ;gkWa ij fgUn egklkxj vkSj vVykfUVd egklkxj dk feyu gksrk gSA

400&500 o”kZ iwoZ O;kikjh bZLV dh vksj tkus ds fy, ;gha ls tkrs FksA ;gka ls vkxs

dh ;k=k esa chp esa iM+us okyh O;kikfjd iou dqN eghus ;k=k esa lgk;d gksrh Fkh

vkSj ckdh eghus ;k=k dh foijhr pyrh Fkh A

dsiVkmu esa 11 uoEcj dks ge ALSI ds dk;kZy; esa x;s A ALSI ,d ,slh

laLFkk gS tks vaVkdZfVdk dks tkus okys yksxks dks dkxksZ Iysu ,oa QhMj Iysu dh lsok,a

iznku djrh gS A nksigj dks ge yksxks us viuk lkeku ALSI ds dk;kZy; esa tek djk

fn;k vkSj jkr dks ge lHkh vaVkdZfVdk dh ;k=k ds fy, rS;kj Fks A

dsiVkmu esa dqN Hkkjrh; jsL=ka tSls ,f’k;u QqM cktkj] ckyhcaM dSQ fey x;k

tgka ij ge Hkkjrh; [kkus dk vkuUn mBk ldsA lkmFk vÝhdk esa Bgjus vkSj ?kqekus dk

iwjk bUrtke vCnqy ds gkFk esa jgrk gS tks fd cgqr o”kksZ ls ;g dk;Z djrk pyk vk

jgk gSA lkmFk vÝhdk esa cgqr lQkbZ gS] lM+dksa ds fdukjs dgh xanxh ugh fn[kkbZ nsxhA

;gka rd dh gj pkSjkgs ij flxjsV dh d’k Qsdusa ds fy, iRFkj ds ,’k&Vsª cus gq, gSA

lM+dksa ij lQkbZ djus okys yksx ges’kk fey tk;saxs vkSj txg txg ij MLVchu Hkh

j[ks gq, feysaxsa A

11 uoEcj dh jkr esa tc dsiVkmu ,;jiksVZ igaqps rks ALSI dk dkxksZ Iysu

gekjk bUrtkj dj jgk Fkk A gekjs lkFk :l vkSj csfYt;e ds Hkh lnL; tk jgs Fks A

jkr dks 09 cts Iysu us mM+ku Hkjh A Iysu vUnj ls ,d xksnke dh rjg yx jgk Fkk

ftlesa vkxs dh rjQ ,d izkstsDVj yxk gqvk Fkk tks mM+ku dh iwjh tkudkjh ns jgk Fkk

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


mlds ckn ge yksxks ds cSBus dh O;oLFkk Fkh vkSj ihNs dh rjQ gekjk lkeku j[kk

gqvk Fkk A

gesa ALSI dh Dykl esa iwjh rjg ls funsZ’k fn;s x;s Fks fd gesa dSls diM+s iguus

gS vkSj vius vki dks dSls j[kuk gSA vaVkdZfVdk esa diM+ksa dks rhu ys;j esa iguk tkrk

gS ftlls fd BaM ls cpk tk lds A

jkr ds 09 cts dh ¶ykbZV tc vxys fnu 11 cts vaVkdZfVdk esa mrjus okyh

Fkh rks ,d vthc ls Mj us eq>s xzflr dj j[kk FkkA ckgj &25 fMxzh dk rkieku Fkk

vkSj eSus vius vkidks iwjh rjg diM+ksa ls ySl dj j[kk Fkk esjk /;ku bl ckr ij Fkk

fd dgha dksbZ ‘kjhj dk dksbZ fgLlk [kqyk u jg tk;sA tc ALSI dh ml ¶ykbZV us uksok

,vjiksVZ ij yS.M fd;k tks fny dh /kM+du vkSj c<+ x;hA ,d ,slk ,;jiksVZ tks cQZ

dk cuk gqvk gS vkSj Iysu ds uhps ifg, ds lkFk esa LykbMj yxs gq, FksA vc eS vius

Åij ds Mj dks dkcw esa djus dk iz;kl dj jgk Fkk vkSj izrh{kk djus yxs fd igys

lHkh yksx mrj tk;s fQj eSa mr:Wa D;ksafd esjs eu esa vaVkdZfVdk dh BaM ds ckjs esa

cgqr lh ckrs iSnk gks jgh Fkh A

vkf[kj oks le; vk x;k tc eSus vaVkdZfVdk ij viuk igyk dne] vius

vki dks lw;Z dh fdj.kks ls cpkrs gq, j[kk fd dgha vYVªkok;ysV fdj.ksa uqdlku u

igqWpk;s A dqN le; ds ckn esjh fgEer [kqyus yxhA igys viuk psgjk [kksyk fQj dqN

QksVksxzkQh gq;h vkSj cQZ ij pyus dk vkuUn mBk;kA uksok ,vjiksVZ ij ge yksxks dks

ysus ds fy, eSs=h ls yksx vkdZfVd Vªd vkSj fiLVu cqyh ysdj vk;s FksA eS=h LVs’ku

;gka ls yxHkx 10&12 fdeh nwj Fkk vkSj fiLVu cqyh esa cSB dj geus cQZ dh 1&10

fdeh eksVh ‘khV ij ,d fu/kkZfjr iFk ij pyus yxs tks fd igys ls fpfUgr fd;k x;k

FkkA

eS=h esa ge yksxksa dk iqjkus lkfFk;ksa ds }kjk Lokxr fd;k x;k A ;gka ij

gekjs :dus dh O;oLFkk lej&gV esa dh x;h Fkh tks fd eq[; LVs’ku ls ckgj FkkA ;gka

lcls cM+h leL;k lqcg dh fuR; fØ;k FkhA Vk;ysV vyx djuh gksrh gS vkSj ey

vyx A ey ds lkFk Vk;ysV ugh dj ldrs ugh rks ftldh xSyh M~;wVh yxrh Fkh

mldks bldks tykus esa fnDdr vkrh FkhA ftlesa ey dks ‘kke dks tykdj jk[k dks

MLVfcu esa Qsadk tkrk Fkk A etk rks rc vkrk gS fd ftrus fnu ge yksx :ds Fks jkst

fdlh u fdlh Vk;ysV esa ikuh fey gh tkrk FkkA ;gkWa vkdj ge fons’kh gks x;s Fks

vkSj ey djus ds ckn /kksuk ugh gksrk Fkk cfYd fV’;w isij ls lkQ djuk gksrk Fkk A

;gkWa ij esVy ckbV ,oa bysfDVªd lkWd dk ,glkl gqvkA vxj vki uaxs gkFk ls fdlh

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Hkh esVy dks Nwrs gks rks og vR;f/kd BaM gksus ds dkj.k vkids gkFk ls fpid tk;sxk

vkSj fQj vkidh [kky ds lkFk gh fudysxkA

vaVkdZfVdk esa vkidks >Vds Hkh cgqr yxrs gSA ;gka ‘kjhj esa FkksM+h FkksM+h nsj esa

bysfDVªd pktZ curk jgrk gS vkSj tSls gh esVy dh dksbZ Hkh pht vkids ‘kjhj ls Nwrh

gS vkidks djsUV dk tksjnkj >Vdk yxrk gSA ge eS=h esa vkB fnuksa rd :ds fQj vkxs

dh ;k=k 21 uoEcj dks Hkkjrh LVs’ku ds fy, izkjEHk dj nh tks fd gesa QhMj Iysu

ls djuh FkhA QhMj Iysu NksVs Iysu gksrs gS vkSj ;s de ÅWpkbZ ij mM+rs gS vkSj ;fn

dgha chp esa ekSle [kjkc gks x;k rks budks ogha ij mrjuk iM+sxk vkSj ekSle lgh

gksus rd gesa Iysu ds vUnj Lyhfiax cSx esa gh vkjke djuk iMs+xkA eS=h ls 3000

fdeh dh Hkkjrh dh ;k=k ij ge fudy pqds FksA vc rks gj le; fnu Fkk rks bl

;k=k esa cQZ dh fofHkUu izdkj dh [kqclwjr vkd`fr;ksa dk vkuUn ysrs gq, vk;s A igyh

ckj yxk Hkxoku us cQZ esa Hkh fdruh dykdkfj;ka dh gSA bruh fo’kky cQZ dh pknj

esa chp&chp esa dgha ij iRFkjksa ds igkM+ Hkh fn[kk;h fn;s dgh vkbl cxZ Hkh fn[kk;h

fn;s tks leqnz ds teus ds dkj.k mlh eas Qal dj jg x;s gS A pwafd QhMj Iysu NksVk

Fkk rks chp esa ;s lk;ksok tkikuh ,vjcsl ij mrjk vkSj ogka ij vius vki dks fj¶;wy

fd;k A vc bldk vfUre iM+ko izksxzsl ,vj iksVZ Fkk tgka ls ge Hkkjrh LVs’ku ij

x;s A

Hkkjrh vkrs oDr ge leqnz ij pydj vk;s ftldk eq>s fo’okl ugha gks jgk

Fkk fd VSad ds cjkcj otu okyh 05 fiLVu cqyh leqnz ij py jgh gS ftlds Åij

1&2 ehVj cQZ gS vkSj uhps vFkkg ikuh blh leqnz esa cQZ ds VwVus ls phu dh fiLVu

cqyh leqnz esa lek x;h FkhA Hkkjrh esa vkus ds ckn ls vc gekjk losZ{k.k dk dk;Z ogka

dh ‘kq) okrkoj.k esa ‘kq: gksus okyk FkkA ;gka vHkh 24 ?k.Vs fnu Fkk rks ?kM+h dh lqbZ

ns[kdj gj dk;Z djuk iM+rk FkkA lqcg 08 cts LdwMks ls leqnz ds Åij pydj vius

dk;Z{ks+= esa igqapuk vkSj fQj th0ih0,l0 vkSj VksVy LVs’ku dks ysdj ,d igkM+ ls

nwljs igkM+ ij p<+uk vkSj dke djuk A yap esa ijkBs LuSDl ysdj tkrs Fks vkSj [kqys

vkleku esa [kkrs FksA Hkkjrh LVs’ku teZu VsDukykWth ls cuk gqvk vk/kqfud LVs’ku gS

vkSj ;gka ij dksbZ [kkl leL;k ugha mRiUu gq;h A ge yksxks dk iwjk Qksdl fn;s x;s

dk;Z dks iwjk djuk FkkA gekjs vkSj dk;Z ds chp esa [kjkc ekSle gh lcls cM+h ck/kk

Fkh A ,d ckj ge yksx eSd fyvkM }hi ij dk;Z dj jgs Fks nksigj ds nks cts vpkud

ekSle [kjkc gksuk ‘kq: gks x;kA geus LVs’ku ij lans’k Hkst fn;k fd ges ysu s vk

tkvksA cQZckjh vkSj rst gok,a cgus yxh ge yksxks dks BaM Hkh yxus yxh FkhA igkM+ksa

ij p<+us mrjus ls gekjs ‘kjhj esa ilhuk fudyus yxrk Fkk vc ogh ilhuk BaMk gksdj

iSjks ds ryoksa dks BaMk dj jgk FkkA LdwMks Hkh ugha vk jgk Fkk pkjksa rjQ OgkbV vkmV

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


gks x;k FkkA dqN Hkh ugha fn[k jgk FkkA 2&3 ?kaVs ds ckn LVs’ku ls 06 yksx nks LdwMks

ysdj vk;sa ml le; rd gekjh fgEer tckc ns x;h FkhA ,slk yx jgk Fkk fd vxj

1&2 ?kaVs vkSj :duk iM+ tkrk rks fQj ge yksxks dk ogh jke uke lR; gks tkrk A

‘kq:vkr ds rhljs fnu tc ge Jh x.ks’k }hi ij p<+us dk jkLrk <aaw< jgs Fks

vkSj jkLrk fey ugh jgk FkkA ml }hi ds pkjks rjQ dh cQZ esa ØsDl Fks fQj ,d

txg jkLrk feykA ogka ij tSls gh mrj dj iSj j[kk esjk iwjk iSj cQZ ds vUnj /kal

x;k vkSj Mkxyk lj vkSj fo’kky us cQZ gVk;h rks muds gkFk esa ikuh vk x;kA ge

yksx bruh cqjh rjg ls Mj x;s fd dqN crk ugha ldrs yx jgk Fkk fd vkt lHkh

ykxksa dh tylekf/k cu tk;sxhA fQj D;k Fkk dqN gh lsds.M esa lHkh LdwMks ij cSBdj

,sls Hkkxs gS ogka ls fd crk ugh ldrs A ‘kq:vkr esa jkr esa uhan ugha vk ikrh FkhA

brus cqjs&cqjs LoIu vkrs Fks fd tSls dHkh ge ØsDl esa Qal x;s dHkh leqnz eas lek

x;s] dHkh BaM us gedks tek fn;k A /khjs&/khjs ogka dh lqanjrk dks ns[krs&ns[krs ogkWa ds

ckjs eas tkuus vkSj le>us yxkA dgrs gaS vaVkdZfVdk esa cgqr gh [krjukd laqnjrk gS

vkSj ,slh laqnjrk vkidks dgha ugha feysxh vkSj vkius vxj lko/kkuh gVk nh rks ;gh

lqanjrk vkids fy, cgqr [krjukd fl) gksxhA vaVkdZfVdk ds okrkoj.k ij cuh “White

out” vkSj “Vertical limit” fQYe dks ns[kus ls ogka ds ckjs esa vf/kd tkudkjh feysxh A

tc leqnz fi?ky x;k rc ge yksxks us czksdusl ij dk;Z djuk izkjEHk fd;k tks

fd cgqr dfBu FkkA blds fy, igys 03 fdeh dk igkM+h jkLrk vkSj ,d ydM+h dk

iqy th0ih0,l0 bULVqªesaUV dks mBkdj ikj djuk iM+rk Fkk fQj ogka ls fiLVu cqyh ls

vius dk;Z{ks= esa igqaprs Fks fQj ogka th0ih0,l0 mBkdj igkM+ksa ij tkdj LVs’ku cukrs

FksA ‘kke dks dk;Z lekIr djds fQj fiLVu cqyh ls fQj ogha ij vkrs Fks vkSj ogkWa ls

iSny igkM+h dks ikj djds LVs’ku igaWaqprs FksA

ge vius lkFk dSejk ysdj tkrs Fks fQj dgha Hkh vPNh txg fey tkrh rks

ogkWa ij QksVksxzkQh djrs FksA blh le; 27 tuojh dks boku ikikuhu lhi vk x;k

vkSj gesa gsyhdkIVj dh lqfo/kk feyus ls dqN gh fnuksa esa cgqr lk dk;Z iw.kZ dj fy;kA

vaVkdZfVdk esa eSus ogka ij vk;s gq, vU; foHkkx ds yksxksa dh Hkh enn yhA

vkb0,e0Mh0 ds fy, Vªq&ukFkZ dks eS=h vkSj Hkkjrh nksuks LVs’ku ij fpfUgr djds fn;kA

vkbZ0vkbZ0Vh0,e0 ds ,d bULVªwesUV dks i`Foh ds lrg ds yEcor LFkkiuk djus esa

enn dh ftlls midth Ray of sight esa dksbZ ijs’kkuh uk vk;s vkSj oks vPNk MkVk dysDV

dj ldsA ;gka ij vkdj ge yksxksa us ¶ykbV Iykfuax dh vkSj mlls igys Hkkjrh LVs’ku

ij bldk Mseks fd;k tks fd lQy jgkA fQj U;w eS=h dh izLrkfor lkbV ds

Mh0b0,e0 fuekZ.k ds fy, ogkWa ij dUVªksy IokbaV nsrs gq, ogkWa dh QksVksxzkQh dh A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Hkkjrh LV s’ku ij iqy ds ikl yxHkx 30&40 ehVj Å WapkbZ dk 80 fMxzh >qdko

dk ,d cQhZyk Lyksi gSA bl Lyksi LVs’ku ls 3&4 yksxksa us gh fQlyus dk vkuUn

mBk;k gS ;g Lyksi tgka [kRe gksrk gS ogka ij ,d NksVh >hy Hkh gSA eSus Hkh bl

Lyksi ij fQlyus dk jksekap mBk;k vkSj bl iz;kl esa esjh iksyj Msªl dh flykbZ [kqy

x;h A bl ij eS nks ckj fQlyk] ;g fQlyus tSlk ugh Fkk ,slk yx jgk Fkk fd

‘kjhj cQZ ij Vdjkdj mNy mNy dj fQlyrk gqvk uhps vk jgk gS vaVkdZfVdk dh

lcls [kkl ckr gS ;gkWa ds isafXou vkSj lhy A isafXou rks brus [kwclwjr gS fd budks

ns[kus ds fy, ge yksxks esa cgqr mRlkg cuk jgrk FkkA buds pyus dh LVkby ns[k yks

rks ,slk yxrk gS fd nknkth nksuksa gkFk dks ihNs djds vkSj ,d gkFk esa NM+h idM+dj

vkjke ls py jgs gksA izd`fr us budks BaM ls cpkus ds fy, buds ia[k dks cgqr xeZ

cuk;k gSA ;s dbZ eghuksa rd fcuk dqN [kk;s ih;s jg ldrs gSA ;s ges’kk tksM+ksa esa ik;s

tkrs gSA budh cgqr cM+h&cM+h dkyksfu;kW gksrh gS vkSj ,d dkyksuh esa yk[kksa dh la[;k

esa iasfXou gks ldrs gSaA budh cgqr lh iztkfr ik;h tkrh gS ftuesa beisjj] bMys izeq[k

gS A

lhy ikuh ds ckgj cgqr vkylh gksrs gS ;g ,d LFkku ij fcuk fgys Mqys dbZ

fnuksa rd iM+k jgrk gSA ikuh ds ckgj ;g vius ‘kjhj dks /kDdk nsdj cgqr /khes /khes

vkxs dh vksj ljdrk gS ij ikuh ds vUnj ;g cgqr rst rSjrk gSA vkLVªsfy;kbZ LVs’ku

Msfol ds ikl ,syhQS.V lhy ik;h tkrh gS tks fd 12 QqV yEch Hkkjh Hkjde ‘kjhj

okyh gksrh gSA if{k;ksa esa bZlk ldqvk] Luks isVªh;y] Cysd isVªh;y ik;h tkrh gSA

ldqvk] Luks isVªh;y ,oa Cysd isVªh;y dk f’kdkj djrk gSA Luks isVªh;y ,oa Cysd

isVªh;y vius vaMs igkM+ksa ds vUnj dh NksVh&NksVh njkjksa esa nsrh gSA pwafd ;gka dksbZ Hkh

izdkj dh ouLifr ugha gS rks bu yksxks us cPpksa dks ikyus dk ;g rjhdk [kkst j[kk gSA

ldqvk vius cPpks dks igkM+h dh pksVh ij ikyrk gSA vkSj ;fn dksbZ ml rjQ tkus

yxrk gS rks ;s ml ij vkØe.k Hkh dj nsrs gSaA

vaVkdZfVdk esa vU; ns’kksa us Hkh vius ‘kks/k LVs’ku LFkkfir dj j[ks gSaA Hkkjrh ds

ikl pkbZuk dk pkbZus;j ,oa :l dk izksxzsl vkSj vkLVªsfy;k dk Msfol LVs’ku gSA

lkSHkkX; ls eq>s bu rhuksa LVs’ku ij tkus dk ekSdk feyk vkSj ogka ij viuk;h tkus

okyh rduhdh dk irk pykA 24 ekpZ dks ikuh ds tgkt ij lHkh :l ds Øq esEcj

vkSj Hkkjrh; ny ds lnL;ksa dh ,d xzqi QksVksxzkQh dh x;hA ml le; rkieku &25

fMxzh lsaVhxzsM gks x;k Fkk vkSj 10 feuV ds QksVksls’ku eass gh gkFk dku ukd dk irk

ugh py jgk Fkk fd dgka gaS A ewNksa ds Åij ukd ls NksMh x;h ‘okl cQZ ds :i esa

te x;h FkhA bZoku ikikuhu dkQh iqjkuk :l dk tgkt gSA 25 ekpZ dks f’ki dks

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


fonk dj fn;k x;k A tkrs oDr 5&6 isafXou vk;ha Fkh tSls fd gesa xqM ck; dgus ds

fy, vk;ha gkasA

f’ki dh gekjh izFke ;k=k esa 26 ekpZ dks ,d de ncko dk {ks= fey x;k

fQj D;k Fkk jksfyax ,ao fiphax ‘kq: gks x;k A lHkh yksxks dh ,slh gkyr [kjkc gq;h

fd dksbZ dejs ls ckgj vkus dh gkyr esa ugh FkkA mfYV;ka] th epykuk] leqnzh; Toj

us yksxks dks ?ksj j[kk FkkA dqd rks igys gh fnu fcLrj ij fxj x;k vkSj gekjs MkDVj

lkgc euh”k dh gkyr Hkh uktqd gks x;h FkhA gekjs losZ ds etcwr lkfFk;ksa esa eSa gh

lgh jgk ckdh lc fxj x;sA dqy feykdj ge 5&6 yksx gh Fks tks 3&4 fnuksa rd

yksxks ds fy, [kkuk cukus dk vkSj mudk /;ku j[kus dk dke djus yxs A ftl

[krjukd rjhds ls f’ki mij mNydj ,dne ls uhps tk jgk Fkk mldks ns[k dj gh

tku fudy tkrh FkhA eS dejs dh f[kM+dh ls flj ckgj fudkydj ?kaVks rd bldks ns[kk

djrk Fkk vkSj lkFk esa mu if{k;ksa dks ns[k jgk Fkk tks gekjs lkFk dkQh nwj rd pys

vkrs FksA mM+rs mM+r s ikuh esa viuk f’kdkj <wa< ysrs Fks vkSj ikuh dh ygjksa ij foJke

Hkh dj ysrs FksA eq>s ;s ns[kdj cgqr vk’p;Z gqvk fd i{kh leqnz dh ygjksa ij Hkh jg

ldrs gSA

09 fnuksa rd flQZ ikuh gh ikuh fn[kkbZ ns jgk Fkk A 02 vizSy dks ge

dsiVkmu iksVZ ij igWqaps vkSj f’ki ds dSIVu dh xyrh ls ,d fnu ogha iksVZ ij fcrk;k

Abrus fnuksa ds ckn bUlkukas dh cLrh esa nqckjk vk;k FkkA ,slk yx jgk Fkk fd eaS fdlh

LoIu esa Fkk tks vc [kqy x;k gksA 07 vizSy dks geus viuh ekr`Hkwfe ij vius dne

j[ks vkSj 6 eghus nwj jgus ds ckn vc ifjokj ls fQj ls feyus tk jgk Fkk Abl

vaVkdZfVdk dh ;k=k ds cgqr ls ,sls laLej.k gS tks eq>s ;kn vkrs jgsxsa vkSj eS vius

vki dks cgqr gh xkSjokfUor eglwl dj jgk gWwa A Hkfo”; esa ;fn dHkh losZ{k.k foHkkx

vkdZfVd vfHk;ku ls tqM+rk gS rks bl vfHk;ku dk lnL; cuus esa eq>s cgqr [kq’kh

izkIr gksxh A bl ;k=k us eq>s cgqr dqN fl[kk;k gS vkSj eSus cgqr lkjk vuqHko izkIr

fd;k gS ftldk eaS vius thou esa izkIr djus dk iz;kl d:Waxk A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


,d ;k=k% t;kiqj xkWo

v:.k dqekj eqnxy

losZ{kd

t;kiqj xkWo ml le; lqf[kZ;ksa esa vk;k tc gekjs iz/kkuea=h Jh ujsaUnz eksnh th

}kjk lkaln ds :i bls xksn fy;k x;kA mlh le; lHkh dks Kkr gqvk fd m0iz0 ds

okjk.klh ftys ds vUrxZr ,d t;kiqj xkWo gSA t;kiqj xkWo ls esjk lEcU/k ml le;

LFkkfir gqvk tc gekjs dk;kZy; ds rRdkyhu funs’kd egksn; }kjk gekjs vuqHkkx

vf/kdkjh dks funsZf’kr fd;k x;k fd t;kiqj xkWo 1%10K iSekus dh ftl Vksiks’khV esa

iM+ jgk gS] mldk ekufp= izdkf’kr djuk gSA ml le; esjs }kjk t;kiqj ds ckjs esa

vkSj vf/kd tkuk x;kA

mlds mijkUr Hkkjr ds egklosZ{kd dk;kZy; }kjk gekjs dk;kZy; dks funsZf’kr

fd;k x;k fd gekjs dk;kZy; dks Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx dh rjQ ls Hkkjr ljdkj

}kjk iznf’kZr dh tk jgh foKku ,ao rduhdh izn’kZuh% foKkue~ rw dkS’kye iz/kkuea=h

}kjk xksn fy, gq;s xkao t;kiqj, okjk.klh ftys esa fnukad 28 vizSy ls 30 vizSy*

2015 es Hkkx ysuk gSA rFkk lkSHkkX; ls dk;kZy; dh rjQ ls eq>s izn’kZuh esa Hkkx

ysus dk lqvolj izkIr gqvk] rFkk t;kiqj xkWo tkus ds fy;s esjh ;k=k dk izkjEHk

fnukad 27-04-2015 ¼vi½ dks gqvk rFkk yxHkx 330 fdeh dh ;k=k dj ge jkf=

esa okjk.klh igWqps rFkk ogkW dpgjh ds ikl fLFkr gksVy dey xaxs esa gkYV fd;kA

blds mijkUr fnukad 28-04-2015 dks izkr% dky ge yksx izn’kZuh esa Hkkx

ysus ds fy;s t;kiqj xkWo ds ikl fZLFkr t[kuh xkWo igqps tgkW ij fd jktdh;

b.VjehfM,V dkyst esa izn’kZuh vk;ksftr dh x;h FkhA bl izn’kZuh esa gekjs Hkkjrh;

losZ{k.k foHkkx ds vfrfjDr ijek.kq ÅtkZ foHkkx] i`Foh foKku foHkkx] okfM;k fgeky;u

Hkw&xHkZ laLFkku }kjk Hkh Hkkx fy;k x;kA

bu rhu fnuksa esa 28]29] rFkk 30-4-2015 dks izn’kZuh esa vkl&ikl ds lHkh

xkWoksa ds fuokfl;ksa }kjk lHkh foHkkxksa }kjk ogkW mifLFkr lHkh yksxksa dks ;g crk;k x;k

fd foKku dks ge dSls dkS’ky esa cny ldrs gSA bu lHkh dk;Zdykiksa ds chp gekjs

}kjk Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx ds D;k dk;Z gS rFkk ;g Hkkjr ljdkj ,oa vke turk ds

fy;s dSls mi;ksxh gS ;g lHkh crk;kA fnukad 30-04-2015 dks izn’kZuh ds

lQyrkiwoZd lekiu ds mijkUr fnukad 01-05-2015 dks okjk.klh ls okil ge

y[kuÅ vk x;sA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


bl ;k=k ds nkSjku eSus ik;k fd t;kiqj xkWo dkQh fodkl’khy xkWo gS A ogkW

ij Hkkjrh; ;qfu;u cSad dh ‘kk[kk gS] lkjs jkLrs iDds gS] rFkk ogkW igqpus ds fy;s Hkh

jkLrk cgqr vPNk gS] ;g xkWo okjk.klh&bykgkckn eq[; ekxZ ls ek= yxHkx 5 fdeh0

dh nwjh gS] xkWo ds lHkh edku iDds gS rFkk bldh xfy;ksa esa izdk’k dh O;oLFkk gSA

xkWo esa iDdk rkykc Hkh fodflr gS rFkk ck;ks&Vk;ysV Hkh ogkW ij cus gq;s gSA

bl izdkj iz/kkuea=h Jh ujsUnz eksnh th }kjk lkaln xkWo ds :i esa xksn fy;k

tkus ds dkj.k t;kiqj xkWo dkQh fodflr gqvk gS rFkk ogkW ds fy;s dkQh ;kstuk;sa Hkh

py jgh gSa A mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij ikl gh t[kuh xkWo eas nks jktdh; b.VjehfM,V

fo|ky; gS tks fd ckyd ,oa ckfydkvksa ds fy;s vyx&vyx gS ogkW ij ,d ekWMy

Ldwy dh Hkh LFkkiuk dh x;h gSaA rFkk c?kkSj ,oa LokLF; dsUnz Hkh miyC/k gSA

fo".kq & y{eh laokn

Jherh lquhfr JhokLro

¼iRuh vjfoUn dqekj JhokLro] lgk;d½

,d ckj fo”.kq th vkSj y{eh th esa bl ckr dks ysdj ppkZ ‘kq: gks x;h fd

lalkj esa egRoiw.kZ dkSu gSA D;k fudyk bl laokn dk gy&

y{eh th% lkjk lalkj iSls ¼esjs½ ls py jgk gS] vxj eSa ugh arks dqN ughaA

fo”.kq th% ¼eqLdjkrs gq,½ fl) djds fn[kkvksaA

y{eh th us i`Foh ij ,d ‘ko;k=k dk n`’; fn[kk;kA ftlesa yksx ‘ko ij iSlk

Qsad jgs Fks] dqN yksx ml iSls dks tehu ls mBk Hkh jgs Fks rks dqN cVksj jgs Fks vkSj

dksbZ rks Nhu Hkh jgk FkkA

y{eh th% ns[kk Hkxou] fdruh dher gS iSlksa dhA

fo”.kq th% ijUrq yk’k ugha mBh iSls mBkus ds fy,A

y{eh th% vjs] yk’k dSls mBsxh oks rks ejh gqbZ gS--- cstku gS---

fo”.kq th us tokc fn;k tc rd eSa ¼izk.k½ ‘kjhj esa g wW rc rd gh rqEgkjh

dher gS vkSj tSls gh eSa ‘kjhj ls fudyk rqEgkjh dksbZ dher ugha gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


MsVk lqj{kk ,oa izca/ku

lat; lDlsuk

losZ{kd

MsVk lqj{kk ,oa izca/ku fdlh Hkh dk;kZy; dh jh<+ dh gM~Mh gksrh gS

A MsVk ,df=r djus ,oa mldks dk;kZy; ds mi;ksxkuqlkj cukus ds fy;s gh dk;kZy; ds

leLr deZpkjh vius ekuo fnolksa dk mi;ksx djrs gSa A Qkbuy LVst MsVk dk izca/ku

,oa lqj{kk dk;kZy; ds fy, loksZijh gksuk pkfg;s A

MsVk lqj{kk ,oa izca/ku ij dk;Z djus dk ekSdk eq>s Marg Solutions ,oa RDSO eas izkIr gqvk A vius vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij eSa MsVk lqj{kk ,oa izca/ku ls lEcfU/kr fuEufyf[kr ckrksa ij izdk’k Mkyuk pkgWawxk A

MsVk izca/ku

dk;kZy; dk Information Lifecycle izca/ku gh MsVk izca/ku

dgykrk gSA ftldks fuEufyf[kr ‘kCnksa eas ifjHkkf”kr fd;k tk ldrk gS A

^^ MsVk izca/ku ,d izHkkoh rjhds ls ,d mn~xe dh t:jr dk

izca/ku djus ds fy, vkfdZVsDpj] uhfr;ksa] izFkkvksa vkSj izfØ;kvksa dk fodkl vkSj

fØ;kUo;u gS A**

MsVk izca/ku eas fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dks /;ku eas j[kuk pkfg;s A

1& MsVk dh izpqjrk dks de djuk

2& MsVk dh ‘ks;fjax

3& MsVk dh bafVªxzhVh dks lqfuf’pr djuk

4& MsVk bfUMisUMsUl d½ HkkSfrd MsVk bfUMisUMsUl [k½ rkfdZd MsVk bfUMisUMsUl

MkVk lqj{kk

dk;kZy; eas ftruk vko’;d MkVk izca/ku gS mruk gh vko’;d

MkVk lqj{kk Hkh gS A MkVk lqj{kk ds fy;s MkVk lqj{kk uhfr dk gksuk vfr vko’;d gS A

dk;kZy; dh MkVk lqj{kk uhfr eas fuEu ckrkas dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg;s A

Virtual MsVk lqj{kk

1& cSd vi vkSj fjdojh

2& Qk;joky

3& ikloMZ izca/ku

4& User Accessibility@Authorization and special Authorization

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Physical MsVk lqj{kk

1& iksVsZcy@Removable ehfM;k 2& dsflax

3& fuckZ/k fon~;qr vkiwfrZ

4& fon~;qr pqEcdh; ifjj{k.k (Electromagnetic Shielding)

Åij fy[kh x;h ckrksa dks /;ku j[krs gq, dk;kZy; ds MsVk dks lqjf{kr j[kus dh

;kstuk cukuh pkfg;s A dk;kZy; ds MsVk dks vfr vko’;d ,oe~ vko’;d dh Js.kh eas

ckWaVdj MsVk lqj{kk ds fy;s Encryption Softwares dk bLrseky Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gS A MsVk izca/ku ,oe~ lqj{kk dk fo”k; bruk vko’;d ,oe~ tfVy gS fd bldks ,d ys[k

eas ppkZ dj ikuk eqf’dy gS A vktdy ds rduhdh ;qx eas MsVk izca/ku ,oe~ lqj{kk ds

{ks= eas gj dk;kZy; dks ;kstukc) ,oe~ le;c) rjhds ls dk;Z djuk vfr vko’;d

gS A

iyk;u =klnh

izkd`frd lajpuk yxHkx lHkh ns’kksa dh ,d tSlh gh gksrh gSA i`Foh ij thou

ds lHkh rRo ekStwn gaSA euq”;] i’kq&i{kh ,ao tho&tUrq ns’k dky okrkoj.k ds fglkc ls

lHkh txg O;kIr gaSA gekjh cukbZ gqbZ lhek;sa VqdM+ks esa ckWV nsrh gS ogh VqdM+s ns’k dk

:i ys ysrs gSA lkspks ;fn viuk ns’k thou ladV] vfLFkjrk ,oa vjktdrk ds dkj.k

NksM+uk iM+s rks fdruh =klnh >syuh iM+rh gSA orZeku esa dqN eqfLye ns’kksa dh turk ds

lkFk ,slh gh ?kVuk;sa ?kfVr gqbZZ gSa ftlesa muds ifjokj ds ifjokj rckg gks x, gaSA ,slh

gh ,d g`n; fonkjd ?kVuk lkeus vkbZ gSA ,d cPpk leqnz ds fdukjs er ik;k tkrk

gSA mls ns[kdj ,slk yx jgk Fkk ekuks og lks jgk gksA bl ?kVuk us nqfu;k dks ;g

lkspus dks etcwj dj fn;k gS fd ;g u`’aklrk dh ijkdk”Bk gSA ,d firk ftlus vius

iwjs ifjokj dks [kks fn;k gks vkSj ;g dg jgk gks fd eSa ?kj tk dj D;k d:W \

fdlds ds fy, tkÅA fdruk nnZukd gSA ;gh ugha NksVs&NksVs cPps dbZ ehyksa

pydj nwljs ns’k dh lhek ij bl bratkj esa cSBs jgrsa gS fd ‘kk;n dksbZ vk;xk mUgsa

bl d”V ls mckjsxkA os cPps bl lksp ls cgqr nwj gS fd os ;g le> ik,W dh gekjs

lkFk D;k gks jgk gS Hkxs pys tk jgs gSaA mudh vFkkg ihM+k dks dksbZ ns[kus okyk ugha

gSA mijksDr ?kVuk dks ns[kdj ‘kk;n ekuork dks Hkh jksuk vk tk,sxkA ,slk djus okys

‘kk;n ;g lksprs gksaxs fd os rks vtj&vej gS mudk dksbZ D;k fcxkM+sxkA izd`fr viuk

cnyk t:j nsrh gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


feVkrs Hkw[k ykxs nq%[k

Jh v’kksdr: lkeUrk]

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

,d tSls fn[kusokyss esa rhu dqRrs nks fnuksa ls Hkw[ks FksA rhuksa lksp jgs Fks\ fd

[kkuk dSls feysxkA blh chp esa ns[kk fd ,d ?kj esa ‘kknh dk lekjksg py jgk gSA vkSj

,d txg ij [kkuk id jgk gSA [kkus dh lqxU/k rhuksa ds ukd esa igqWprs gh mudh

Hkw[k vkSj c<+ x;hA mlesa ls ,d us cksyk fd ckjkfr;ksa ds [kkus ds ckn ge yksaxksa dks

Hkh [kkuk feysxkA ysfdu vc Hkw[k ls jgk ugha tk jgk gSA eS FkksM+k ns[k dj vk jgk gwW

fd [kkus esa D;k&D;k id jgk gSA iaMky esa pqids ls ?kql dj ns[kk fd dM+k+gh esa ikuh

xje gks jgk gS] vkSj dqN yksx [kkuk cukus dh rS;kjh esa yxs gq, gSA mlh chp jlksb;s

us ,d lkFkh ls dgk ^^vjs&vjs dqRRkk vk x;k** mlds Åij xje ikuh Qsad nksA tSls

gh cksyk mlds lkFkh us dM+k+gh dk xje ikuh dqRrs ds Åij Qsad fn;kA dqRrk tksj ls

fpYyk;k vkSj vius nksuksa lkFkh ds ikl okil pyk x;kA mu nksuksa us iwNk D;k gqvk

HkkbZ!

dqRrk us tokc fn;k ^vjs iwNks er* tkrs gh xjek&xje*------------!

rc rd chp esa mu nksuksa us lkspk vjs bls rks tkrs gh xjek&xje [kkuk fey x;kA

mu nksuksa esa ls ,d us dgk] **eS Hkh tkdj xjek&xje [kkuk [kkdj vkrk gwW**A ;g

dgrs gq, og jlksbZ ?kj esa pqids ls ?kql x;k] rhuksa dqRrs ,d tSls fn[kus ds dkj.k

jlksb;s us lkspk fd ;g fQj vk x;kA bls MaMs ls ekjks] tSls gh dgk mlds lkFkh us

MaMs ls mlds ihNs tksj ls ekj fn;k og dqRrk fpYykdj ogha cSB x;k vkSj fQj mBdj

rsth ls Hkkx fudyk vkSj vius lkFkh ds ikl igqp x;kA

mu nksuksa us iwNk D;k gqvk HkkbZ mlus dgk ^vjs er iwNks ;kj gedks rks tkrs

gh cSBk fn;k*

rc rhljs us lkspk fd bu nksuks dks rks Hkkstu vkjke ls fey x;k vc eSa Hkh

tkdj ns[krk gwW fd gekjk jlksbZ esa dSlk Lokxr gksrk gS\ ,slk lkspdj og py fn;k

vkSj jlksbZ esa ?kql x;kA jlksbZ ?kj esa jlksb;s us lkspk fd bruk ihVus ds ckn Hkh fQj

vk x;k A jlksb;k lkfFk;ksa ls cksyk fd bldks jLlh ls cWk/k dj j[kksA tSls dgk] mlds

lkfFk;ksa us dqRrs dks pkjks rjQ ls ?ksj fy;k vkSj jLlh ls ckW/kus dh dksf’k’k djus yxsA

rHkh dqRrk mu lc dks pdek nsdj cMh+ eqf’dy ls ogka l s fudy dj lkFkh yksxks ds

ikl igqWp x;kA oks nksuks dqRrs tks igys ls ogka ij mldk bUrtkj dj jgs FksA

og lc tkurs gq;s Hkh iwNk D;k gqvk HkkbZ! rc dqRrk us cksyk] **vjs iwNks er

;kj ,slk Lokxr eSus ftanxh esa dHkh ugha ns[kk gedks rks NksM+uk gh ugh pkg jgs Fks**A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


dnou ds nks ix ¼2008 ,oa 2011&12½

foosd dqekj xqIrk

losZ{kd

ckr fnlEcj 2008 dh gS tc eq>s vius ,d lgdehZ ,oa ny ds lkFk mRrj

izns’k Hkw&LFkkfud vkWadM+k dsUnz y[kuÅ }kjk] izFke ckj bUnziqjh tyk’k; ifj;kstuk eas

rys{k.k dk;Z gsrq tkuk Fkk A {ks=h; dk;Z gsrq ukfer gksus ds mijkUr ifj;kstuk dh iwjh

Qkby ¼dnou tyk’k; ifj;kstuk ds uke ls½ eq>s lkSaih x;h ftlls fd eSa lEcfU/kr

dk;Z] i=kpkj ,oa iwoZ ds losZ{k.k dk;Z ls voxr gks ldwa A

lksu unh ij izLrkfor tyk’k; ifj;kstuk dk vf/kdkWa’k {ks= ?kuk taxy ,ao

uDly izHkkfor Fkk A tSls tSls eSa i=kpkj i<+ jgk Fkk oSls oSls {ks= dh Hk;kog Nki

esjs efLr”d eas iM+rh tk jgh Fkh A fQj esjs efLr”d eas drZO; cks/k gqvk fd eq>s

dk;kZy; }kjk vkaofVr {ks=h; dk;Z dks lQyrkiwoZd iw.kZ djuk gS A vkSj eSaus ysofyax

dk;Z dh dk;Z;kstuk cukuk izkjEHk fd;k ,oa dk;Z;kstuk funs’kd] egksn; }kjk Lohd`r

djk;h A fnukad 19 fnlEcj 2008 dks eSaus vius lgdehZ ,o any ds lkFk {ks=h;

dk;Z gsrq iwjs mRlkg ls izLFkku fd;k A 20 fnlEcj dks ge vkscjk ¼lksuHknz½ igqWaps vkSj

f’kfoj yxkus ds fy, cgqr iz;kl fd;k ijUrq fdlh us Hkh f’kfoj yxkus dh vuqefr

ugha nh A nsj jkr eas cM+h eqf’dy ls fcyh ejdq.Mh xkWao esa ,d izkFkfed fo|ky; eas

jkr fcrkus ds fy, LFkku feyk A iwjs ny us fdlh rjg iwjk QhYM LVksj ,d dejs eas

j[kdj] [kqys vkdk’k ds uhps fcLrj yxk fn;s ,oa lqcg tYnh mBdj loZizFke dSfEiax

Iysl dh ryk’k eas fudys vkSj dksVk xkWao eas f’kfoj yxk;k A

uDly izHkkfor {ks= gksus ,oa tyk’k; ifj;kstuk dk dk;Z gksus ds dkj.k xkWao

ds yksxksa dk lg;ksx FkksM+k de gh Fkk A fnu rks dke djds dV tkrk Fkk ijUrq jkr

dks iwjk {ks= ‘kkar ,oa Hk;kog yxrk Fkk A bl izdkj {ks=h; dk;Z djus ds ikWap fnu

ckn] jkr ds le; eSa jkst dh Mkd cuk jgk Fkk rHkh ,d yEck lSfuduqek O;fDr vk;k

vkSj esjs rEcw eas vkdj vfHkoknu fd;k A mldh vkWa[ks yky Fkh ,oa psgjk jkSchyk Fkk A

dqN nsj dh iwNrkN ds mijkUr mlus eq>s viâr djus dh ckr dgh vkSj {ks=h; dk;Z

dks can djus ds fy, dgdj pyk x;k A eq>s igys rks FkksM+k Mj yxk ijUrq fQj lgt

gksdj lksus pyk x;k A

dHkh dHkkj xzkeokfl;ksa dk fojks/k Hkh >syuk iM+rk Fkk A unh ds fdukjs iDdk

lM+d ekxZ u gksus ds dkj.k cgqr leL;k gksrh Fkh A {ks=h; dk;Z ds nkSjku eSaus vuqHko

fd;k fd vke vkneh ¼xzkeokfl;ksa½ ds fy, vkokxeu dk dksbZ lk/ku u gksus ds dkj.k

mudk thou fdruk la?k”kZiw.kZ Fkk A mUgas 24&25 fdeh0 iSny gh ;k=k djds vkuk

tkuk gksrk Fkk A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


lksu unh ds mRrj eas mPp dSewj ioZr J`a[kyk FkhA lksu unh dk ty cgqr gh

LoPN FkkA yksx ikuh ds fy, lksu unh o dqvkas ij vkfJr FksA ?kus taxy o igkM+ksa ds

chp ^veyk/kke* uked ,d nso LFkku gS tgkWa uojk= ds fnukas eas esyk yxrk gSA esys

eas cgqr nwj ls yksx vkrs Fks ,oa jkr gksus ls igys gh okil gks tkrs FksA iqfyl o

oukf/kdkjh@deZpkjh izk;% lksu unh dks uko }kjk ikj djds gh nwljh vksj tkrs Fks tgkWa

mudh pkSdh Fkh o ,dek= lM+d ekxZ dks cgqr de iz;ksx djrs FksA

bu lc ifjfLFkfr;ksa eas dk;Z djrs gq, eSa vius ny ds lkFk mRrj izns’k eas

dksVk] dksu ,oa >kj[k.M eas HkoukFkiqj eas f’kfoj yxk;k A >kj[k.M eas HkoukFkiqj eas

Cykd dk;kZy; ds izkax.k eas eSaus f’kfoj yxk;k Fkk A igys fnu eq>s izLrkfor cka/kLFky

ds xkWao dnou ls dk;Z izkjEHk djuk FkkA ges’kk dh rjg lqcg&l qcg gekjk ny

izLrkfor cka/k LFky ls dk;Z izkjEHk djus ds fy, igqWapkA gekjs ikl fMftVy ysoy

e’khu Fkh ftleas uku QksYMscy LVkQ Fks ftls nwj ls ns[kus ij thi ds Åij j[kk

eksVkZj izrhr gksrk Fkk A

dnou xkWao ls dk;Z izkjEHk fd;s gq, egt 30 feuV gh gqvk Fkk fd dqN

yksxksa us geas ?ksj fy;k vkSj dgk fd vkt rks >kj[k.M can gS A vki dSls ;gkWa vk x;s

vkSj ekjus dh /kedh nh ,oa dk;Z can djus ds fy, dgk A eSaus ‘kkar LoHkko ls dgk

fd ge >kj[k.M eas dy gh vk;s gS vkSj gesa >kj[k.M can dh dksbZ tkudkjh ugha Fkh

fygktk mUgksaus iwNrkN ds mijkUr geas tkus fn;k A ge lHkh l’kafdr Fks fd dgha dksbZ

gknlk u gks tk;s ij bZ’oj dh vlhe d`ik ls fdlh Hkh izdkj dh {kfr ugha gqbZ A bl

izdkj fo”ke ifjfLFkfr;ksa eas yxHkx 3 ekg rd ysofyax dk;Z ds mijkUr iwjs ny us

dk;Z dks lQyrkiwoZd lEiUu fd;k A

bUnziqjh tyk’k; ifj;kstuk ds f}rh; pj.k eas 01 uoEcj 2011 dks f’kfoj

vf/kdkjh }kjk VksVy LVs’ku] ih0Vh0 ds iz;ksx ls Mwc s {ks= ds dUVwj losZ{k.k dk dk;Z

fn;k x;k A bl f’kfoj eas yxHkx 80 QhYMdehZ Fks A dksVk xkWao eas f’kfoj eq[;ky;

cuk;k x;k A esjs ny us [kks[kk ¼>kj[k.M½ pkWanuh ¼m0iz0½ eas f’kfoj yxkdj losZ{k.k

dk;Z fd;k A xkWao ds yksx cgqr gh tkx:d Fks mUgsa bl ckr dh Hkyh HkkWafr tkudkjh

Fkh fd cka/k cuus dh fLFkfr eas iwjk xkWao gh Mwcs {ks= eas gS A lHkh xzkeoklh fodkl dh

eq[; /kkjk eas pyus gsrq rS;kj Fks A

geas {ks=h; dk;Z gsrq LFkkuh; O;fDr;ksa dh vko’;drk Fkh A LFkkuh; O;fDr;ksa

dks lkFk ysdj dk;Z djus eas gesa dkQh lg;ksx feyk ,oa dk;Z djus eas lgtrk gqbZ A

pdfj;k] pkWanuh] clqgkjh eas ih0,0lh0 ,oa lh0vkj0ih0,Q0 dh pkSfd;kWa Fkh tksfd iwjs

{ks= dh xfrfof/k;ksa ij dM+h utj j[ks gq, Fks A ,oa fnu jkr iwjs {ks= dh pkSdlh djrs

Fks A f’kfoj vf/kdkjh ,oa lHkh losZ{k.k nyksa ds ijLij lg;ksx] /kS;Z ,oa dk;Z dq’kyrk

ls vFkd iz;klksa ds mijkUr {ks=h; dk;Z de le; eas ,oa ‘kq)rkiwoZd iw.kZ fd;k x;k A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


viMs’ku

f’koukFk feJk

losZ{k.k lgk;d

^^ifjorZu izd`fr dk fu;e gS**

vr% lHkh dks le;&dky ds vuq:i i;kZoj.k eas cus jgus gsrq

vko’;drkuqlkj ifjofrZr ¼viMsV½ gksrs jguk iM+rk gS ftlls og thoar cuk jg lds A

;g ifjorZu lkekftd] vkfFkZd] jktuSfrd ,oa rduhdh gj {ks= eas vko’;d gS A

vU;Fkk mudk vfLrRo ,oa vkSfpR; [krjs eas iM+ ldrk gS ,oa mldh mi;ksfxrk {kh.k gks

tkrh gS A ljokboy vkQ n fQVsLV (Survival of the fittest) dh vo/kkj.kk ds vuq:Ik okyh phtsa gh vFkZiw.kZ jg tkrh gS A vr% lHkh dks viMsV ¼v|ru½ jguk gksrk gS rkfd

mudk egRo cuk jgs A

Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx Hkkjr ljdkj dk lcls iqjkuk oSKkfud

ekufp=.k dk foHkkx gS tks 1767 ls ns’k lsok eas lefiZr gS] foHkkx le;≤ ij

Lo;a dks yxkrkj viMsV djrk jgk gS A 1905 ls iwoZ Hkkjr dk cM+k Hkkx vyx&vyx

¼iSekus½ ij losZf{kr ,oa eqfnzr Fkk ijUrq mueas vkil eas dksbZ rkyesy (Ldsy] uspj] LVkby vkQ losZ) ugha Fkk ,oa ;s ekufp= vk/kqfud t:jrksa ds vuqlkj mi;qDr ugha Fks vr% v|ru dh dM+h eas 1904&05 eas Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k desVh dk xBu fd;k x;k

ftlds lq>ko ykxw fd;s x;s ,oa ekMuZ ekufp=ksa dh J`a[kyk vfLrRo eas vkbZ A

mijksDr vuqlkj 1956 easa foHkkx us lHkh ekufp=ksa dks eSfVªd

i)fr eas cukus dk fu.kZ; fd;k ftls 1%50 K ij iznf’kZr djus dk dk;Z foHkkx us

fy;k ,oa vU; foHkkxksa dh vko’;drk dks ns[krs gq, vyx&vyx iSekus@dUVqj ij Hkh

ekufp=ksa dh vkiwfrZ djrs gq, ns’k dh izxfr eas viuk ;ksxnku nsrk jgk A

foHkkx us lnSo mPp xq.koRRkk ,oa ,dqjslh dks gh viuk vk/kkj

cuk;s j[kk ftlds fy, vyx ls ,d funs’kky; T;ksfM; ,ao vuqlaU/kku ‘kk[kk dk

xBu dj j[kk gS tks foHkkx dks oSKkfud rjhds ls u;s&u;s ;U=ks ,oa fo/kkvksa ls

lqlfTtr djrk jgrk gS ftlls foHkkx mUur iFk ij vxzlj jgs A

21oha ‘krkCnh ds vkjEHk eas mPp rduhd dks dEI;wVj ds lkFk

tksM+dj fMftVy ;qx eas izos’k dk ;qx Fkk lHkh foHkkxkaas eas dEI;wVjhdj.k dk vkxkt

gks jgk Fkk blh Øe eas Hkkjr ds rRdkyhu egklosZ{kd Hkh Mk0 i`Foh’k ukx us o`gr

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


iSekus ij foHkkx dks dEI;wVjhdj.k dh fn’kk eas eksM+ fn;k ,oa pqukSfriw.kZ <ax ls lHkh

deZpkfj;ksa dks ;q)Lrj ij Vªsafux nsuk ,oa bUÝkLVªDpj [kM+k djus tSls dk;Z dks iw.kZ

djkdj foHkkx dks ekufp=.k dh vfxze iafDr eas ykdj [kM+k dj fn;kA

orZeku eas foHkkx vks0,l0,e0 ,oa Mh0,l0,e0 lhjht ekufp=ksa

dk izdk’ku dj jgk gS tSlk fd 1%50 K ij Hkkjro”kZ ds lHkh {ks=ksa ds ekufp= fMftVy

:i eas miyC/k gSaA Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx viMs’ku gsrq orZeku eas dkVksZ lsV mixzgh;

ekufp=] th0ih0,l0 vkfn dk iz;ksx djrs gq, Rofjr xfr ls uohure ekufp=ksa ds

viMs’ku dh rjQ vxzlj gS A

foHkkx ns’k dh lhekvksa dks uohure rduhdkas }kjk lqjf{kr ,oa

lajf{kr djus eas vxzlj gS gekjh lsuk;sa viuh j.kuhfr bUgha ekufp=ksa ij cukrh gS A

foHkkx izfrfnu cu jgh vUn:uh lhekvkas dks ekufp= ij v|ru djus eas Hkh vxzlj

gS A

foHkkx dk izf’k{k.k dsUnz] Hkkjrh; LkosZ{k.k ,oa Ekkufp=.k laLFkku]

gSnjkckn vius deZpkfj;ksa ds lkFk&2 lEcfU/kr vU; foHkkx ds yksxksa dks Hkh uohure

rduhdh ls viMsV djrk jgrk gS ftlls os mi;qDr le; ij izxfr eas dne ls dne

feyk dj py ldsa A

foHkkx ns’k dh HkkSxksfyd Lo:i ifjorZu eas rsth ls cnyrh

:ijs[kk eas vxz.kh rkSj ij dne ls dne feykdj lHkh vU; foHkkxksa ds dk;Z dks ljy

cukus ds iz;kl eas vxzlj gS ftlds varxZr Hkkjrh; jsy] jk”Vªh; jktekxZ] cM+s&2 ckWa/k

fuekZ.k] iqy] flapkbZ (ugj) ,oa orZeku eas LekVZ flVh ;kstuk eas vxz.kh Hkwfedk eas rRij gS A

xhrk&lkj

^^,d yM+dh viuh lkjh i<+kbZ vkSj thou ds yxHkx loksZRre 25 o”kZ ,d vkneh dks

ikus dh rS;kjh esa xkjr dj nsrh gS A**

^^tUe gh thou dk vkjEHk ugha gS u e`R;q gh bldk vUr gS A tUe vkSj

e`R;q rks cl thou ds ,d v/;k; dk vFkZ vkSj vUr gS A**

^^‘kjhj esa vkRek gS rks ‘kjhj esa psrurk gS A vkRek fudy tkus ij ‘kjhj tM+

gS ftl& izdkj unh ikj djds euq”; uko NksM+ nsrk gS] LokFkZ fl) gks tkus ij LokFkhZ

O;fDr midkjh dks NksM+ nsrk gS] mlh izdkj e`R;q gks tkus ij vkRek Hkh ‘kjhj dks NksM+

nsrh gS A**

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


dfjvok

iznhi dqekj vk;Z

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd]

e/; izns’k ds pkj&ikWap ftyksa eas dUVªksy LFkkfir djus dk dk;Z feyk gqvk Fkk]

ftleas cSrqy] lkxj] ujflagiqj] fNUnokM+k] flouh ,oa vkaf’kd :Ik ls tcyiqj ftyk FkkA

losZ{kdkas eas eSa dfu"Bre Fkk] bl dkj.k dSEi eq[;ky; LFkkfir djus ds fy, eq>s gh

Vªd }kjk ujflagiqj ds fy, izLFkku djuk iM+kA lkFk esa esjk dSEi vnZyh vkSj losZ{k.k

ny ds vU; lnL; Hkh FksA nks fnu dh ;k=k ds ckn gekjk Vªd ujfalg iqj ig¡qpkA ogkW

,d ckbZikl ekxZ dk fuekZ.k gks jgk Fkk] ml lM+d ds nksuks rjQ pus ds [ksr Fks]

yxHkx 4 fdeh pyus ds ckn ,d [kkyh [ksr feyk] tgk¡ ij ikuh dk uydwi yxk

FkkA ogka iwNrkN ds ckn eSaus dSEi eq[;ky; LFkkfir dj fn;kA nks fnuksa eas lHkh VsaV

O;ofLFkr <ax ls yx x;sA mlds ckn iwjs dSEi ds fy, fdjkslhu dh O;oLFkk dj nh

xbZA nsgjknwu eas dSfEiax Iysl dh lwpuk nsus ds ckn irk pyk fd Vhe ds ckdh

lnL; yxHkx ,d lIrkg ckn gh vk ik,xsaA vc ,d lIrkg rd D;k fd;k tk, bl

fo"k; ij vius lkFkh losZ{kd ds lkFk fopkj djus yxk] gekjs ikl QhYM dk;Z ;kstuk

dk pkVZ Fkk] mleas 10 th0Vh0 LVs’ku FksA ge nksuksa us vkil eas fu.kZ; fy;k fd

pyks th0Vh0 LVs’ku ds oh{k.k dk dk;Z gh iw.kZ dj ysrs gSA oh{k.k djrs djrs 7&8 fnu

chr pqds Fks] mlds ckn dSEi eq[;ky; okil vk;s rks Vhe ds vU; lnL; igqWp pqds

FksA

dSEi eq[;ky; okil vkus ij irk pyk fd ^u;s f’kfoj vf/kdkjh ds :Ik esa

vkj0 ,l0 usxh th vk;s gSaA QksVks ;wfuV ls vf/kdkjh losZ{kd in ij inksUufr ds

i’pkr gky esa gh mudh fu;qfDr th0,aMvkj0ch0 gqvk gSA tc ge yksx dSEi igq¡ps os

dSEi es ugha Fks] vU; dSEi ds lkfFk;ksa us crk;k fd os dSEi vnZyh <Waw<us x;s gSA ge

yksx vius VsaV eas lkeku j[kdj cksjosy ij ugkus pys x;s] ugkus ds ckn okil vk;k

rks ns[kk fd usxh th vk x;s gS A FkksM+h nsj ds ckn eS muls feyus x;k] f’k"Vkpkj dh

vkSipkfjdrk,¡ iw.kZ djus ckn ckrphr ds nkSjku mUgksus crk;k fd tSls gh mUgksus u;k

n¶rj Tokbu fd;k izHkkjh vf/kdkjh us QhYM ds fy, iwNk vkSj mUgksus rqjUr gkeh Hkj

nh vkSj bl rjg ls os QhYM vk x,A usxh th dk dn NksVk] psgjk xksjk] pedrk gqvk

rFkk lj xatk FkkA psgjs ij gYdh lh eqLdku fy, ckr djrs FksA mUgksus crk;k fd

dSEi dh O;oLFkk rks cgqr gh vPNh gS ysfdu ,d leL;k gS fd muds fy, dSEi vnZyh

dk bUrtke ugha gks ik jgk gSSA mUgksus dgk fd ijlksa ,d dSEi vnZyh feyk Hkh Fkk lks

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


FkksM+h nsj ds ckn Hkkx x;kA fQj lqcg vk;k rks dg jgk Fkk fd Qkby ys tkus& ys

vkus dk dke rks og dj nsxk ij [kkuk ugha cuk,xkA usxh th us ;g ftEesnkjh gesa

lkSairs gq, dgk& ^ rqe yksx cgqr LekVZ gks] tkvks gekjs fy, dSEi vnZyh <wWa< dj

ykvks* eSaus dgk& ^Bhd gS lj dy ge vkids fy, dSEi vnZyh <wWa<sxs*

fQj D;k] ge yksx tksj&’kksj ls f’kfoj vf/kdkjh ds fy, dSEi vnZyh ds ryk’k

eas tqV x;sA vkl&ikl ds gksVyksa ,oa <kcksa eas geus irk fd;k] ij dke djus okyk

dksbZ yM+dk ugha feykA <wWa<rs&<wWa<rs rhu&pkj ?k.Vs chr x;sA rHkh ,d vkneh vk;k vkSj

iwNk &

^lkgc] [kkuk cukus okyk pkfg,\*

ge [kq’k gq, fd pyks gekjk iz;kl lkFk Zd gks x;kA ml vkneh ls eSaus iwNk&

^rqe dke djksxs\ rks pyks*

mlus dgk& ^vjs lkgc] eSa ughas dke d:Waxk] esjh ckbZ dke djsxh*

eSaus iwNk&^rqEgkjh vkSjr\* mlus gkeh HkjhA

eSa dgk& ^ge yksx ,d txg ugha jgrs ?kwe&?kwe dj dke djrs gS] ;gkWa ls ukxiqj]

tcyiqj] Hkksiky rd tkdj dke djuk iM+rk gS* A

mlus dgk&^ijokg ugha vkt ysdj tkvks*]

eSaus dgk ^ gesa ckbZ ugha pkfg,] ge yksx bl dke ds fy, nks gtkj :Ik;s nsaxs vkSj

lkFk es [kkuk Hkh f[kyk;saxsA^ mlus [kq’k gksdj dgk ^lkgc] rc rks rhu&pkj ckbZ;k¡

fey tk;sxhaA*

eSus Li"V dj fn;k fd gesa ckbZ ugha pkfg,A rc og cksyk&

^Bhd gS lkgc] pk; rks fiykvksA*

FkksM+h nwj ij pk; dh nqdku Fkk] ogk¡ ij geus pk; ih] pk; ihus ds ckn og pyk

x;k] ogha ,d nwljk vkneh [kM+k FkkA og cksyk&

^ blds pDdj eas dgkWa iM+s gS\ ;s rks fi;DdM+ gSA yksxks ds ihNs iM+ dj ikWap&nl

:i;s ekax ysrk gS vkSj bldk ihus dk dke py tkrk gSA vki dke djus okys yM+ds

pkgrs rks unh ikj xkWao fn[k jgk gS] ogkWa fey tk;asxsA*

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


mlus b’kkjk dj ds crk fn;kA nwjh gksus ds dkj.k geus vius lkFkh ls dgk& ^NksM+ks

dy dSEi vnZyh ds fy, vkneh <wWa<saxs*

vkt dk iwjk iz;kl fujFkZd pyk x;k FkkA ge fcuk dSEi vnZyh ds okil dSEi vk

x;sA

f’kfoj vf/kdkjh usxh dukr esa cSBs FksA

eSaus crk;k& ^ge yksxkas dk VksVy ,VsEIV Qsy gks x;kA ysfdu dSEi vnZyh dks <wWa<us

dk iz;kl vuojr pyrk jgsxk*A

vius dSEi vnZfy;ksa ls oghaa [kkuk ysdj vkus dks dgkA ge yksx mlh dukr esa [kkuk

[kkus yxs FksA lkFk esa ckrphr Hkh py jgh FkhA ckrksa&ckrksa eas usxh th us crk;k fd

mudh ,d iq=h vkSj ,d iq= gSA iq=h dh mUgksus 'kknh dj nh FkhA ijUrq iRuh dk

vlkef;d fu/ku gks pqdk FkkA blds lkFk&lkFk vius thou ds cgqr lkjs nnZ dk Hkh

mUgksus c;ku fd;k FkkA bruh foinkvksa ds ckotwn muds psgjs ij ys’k ek= f’kdu ugha

FkhA mudh vkReh;rkiw.kZ O;ogkj ls ge bruk izHkkfor gq, fd] eu gh eu eas geus

Bku yh fd usxh th ds fy, ;q)Lrj ij dSEi vnZyh dh ryk’k dh tk,xhA vxys

fnu lqcg fuR; fØ;k ,oa pk; ihus ds ckn gh eSa lkeus okys xkWao dh rjQ py fn;kA

esjs lkFk esjk lkFkh losZ{kd Hkh FkkA og cgqr ckrwuh FkkA ckr ckr esa fcuk ot+g

vi’kCn Hkh bLrseky fd;k djrk FkkA jkLrs Hkj cksyrk jgk fd ^ buds fy, VsaV yxkvks]

rsy [kjhnks] dSEi vnZyh Hkh <wWa<ksa vkSj lk-------- yksxks ds --------- A* eSa mldh ckrks dk

fojks/k ugh djrk FkkA pqipki mldh cdokl lqurk gqvk unh rd igqp x;k] unh ’kk;n

cjlkrh Fkh vkSj ml oDr mlesa 'kgj dk xUnk ikuh cg dj vk jgk FkkA dbZ yksx ml

unh dkss ikj dj xkWao tk jgs FksA eSus ,d xkWao okys ls iwNk&

^xkWao eas tkus dk iqy ugha gS*

mlus tckc fn;k ^mRFks gS u*

mRFks dk eryc Fkk] cgqr yEck pDdjA cgqr lksp fopkj djus ds ckn geus vius

twrs fudkys vkSj xans ukys dks ikj dj xkWao eas igqWap x;sA xkWao cgqr gh lkQ lqFkjk

FkkA lkjs ?kj feV~Vh ,oa [kijSy ;k Qwl ds FksA lHkh ?kjksa ds ckgj xkscj dh iqrkbZ gqbZ

FkhA bl iqrkbZ ds dkj.k /kwy ugha fn[k jghs FkhA vkl ikl dh >ksiM+h eas rgdhdkr

djus ij irk pyk Fkk fd ml le; lkjs yM+ds dke ij pys x;s FksA eq>s yxk fd

dksbZ ugha fey ldrkA rHkh ,d NksVs yM+ds us gels dgk

& ^lkgc dfjvok ds ikl dNq dke ugha gkvks ufn;ka eas eNyh ekjs x;ks go*

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


mldh ckrksa ls gesa vkHkkl gks x;k fd dksbZ gS tks gekjs dke vk ldrk gSA

eSusa dgk& ^pyks esjs lkFk] dfjvok ds iklA*

og rqjUr pyus dks rS;kj gks x;kA unh ds fdukjs igqWap dj geus ,d O;fDr dks

ek= y¡xksV /kkj.k fd, ns[kkA d`’kdk; ’kjhj eas lHkh gfM~M;k fn[k jgh FkhaA blfy, lgh

mez dk vanktk ugha gks ik jgk FkkA esjs lkFk vk;k NksVk yM+dk cksyk&

^bl xkWao ls fudky fngy gbZy vc dqqNq dke ukfg feyksxks*A

ml yM+ds dks eSaus vius tsc ls nks pkdysV fn;s rks mls ysdj Hkkxrk gqvk xkao ds

rjQ pyk x;kA eSaus vius lkFkh ls dgk fd ;s rks ns[kus eas bruk xank yx jgk gS eq>s

Mj gS fd gekjs usxh th bls dSEi vnZyh ds :Ik es Lohdkj Hkh djsaxs ;k ughA Loa;

eq>s vxj bls dSEi vnZyh j[kuk gksrk rks eSa ugha j[krkA esjk lkFkh cksyk&

^bldks igys dSEi ys pyks tks gksxk ns[kk tk;sxk*]

eSa mldh vksj ns[kdj iwNk

^dke djksxs\*

og rc [kM+k gqvkA [kM+k gksus ij ,slk yx jgk Fkk fd dgha rst gok dk >ksadk mls

fxjk u nsA vius ihys Hkwjs nkWar fuiksjrs gq, og cksyk

^gkWvksaA^ eSaus dgk ^ pyks lkFk*

og gekjs lkFk lkFk pyus yxkA mls lkFk ysdj tkrs le; jkLrs Hkj eu eas mFky

iqFky py jgk FkkA ,d ?kcM+kgV Hkh Fkh fd dgha gekjk etkd u cu tk,A blh mFky

iqFky eas xkWao ls dSEi dc igqWap x;k irk gh ugha pykA

dSEi igqWapus ij lHkh dSEi vnZyh] [kyklh ,oa losZ{kd ml vtwcs dks ns[kus

yxsA lHkh ds psgjksa ds Hkko ls irk py jgk Fkk fd ekuksa os dg jgsa gksa fd ^vc ns[k

rsjk D;k vatke gksus okyk gSA esjh gkyr ;s Fkh fd eSa vR;Ur yfTtr eglwl dj jgk

Fkk tSls fd eSaus dksbZ xqukg fd;k gksA eSa iwjh rjg ls uoZl FkkA ,d [kyklh us usxh

th dks lwfpr fd;k fd eSa ,d vkneh ysdj vk;k gw¡A usxh th ds vius rEcw ls ckgj

vkus rd esjs fny dh /kM+du c<+rh tk jgh FkhA mUgksus vkrs gh ml vkneh dks lj ls

ik¡o rd fugkjkA ij vkWa[kksa eas dksbZ Li"V izfrfØ;k ugha >yd jgh FkhA mUgksaus ml

dSEi vnZyh ls iwNk

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


^D;k uke gS*

mlus ldidk dj tokc Fkk ^dfjvok* A

usxh th us fQj iwNk & ^rqEgkjs firk th dk D;k uke gS\*

mlus tokc fn;k ^ ukfga go*

usxh th esjh rjQ eq[k djds cksys ^pyks] bldks dke ij j[k ysrs gSaA* mudh ckrsa

lqudj] esjh lkalsa tks :dh Fkh fQj ls pyus yxhA eq>esa thou dk lapkj gksus yxkA

usxh th mls rqjUr cktkj x,A cktkj ls mlds fy, pIiy] ,d nks diM+s] VwFkisLV] cz’k

,oa mldh t:jr ds vU; lkeku Hkh [kjhn dj mls lkSai nhsA mUgksaus lkjs dSEi

vnZfy;ksa dks cqyk;k vkSj mUgsa fgnk;r nh&

^bls rqe lc feydj lkjs dke fl[kkvkssa*

fQj D;k] dksbZ mls VwFk cz’k djuk fl[kkus yxk] dksbZ mls ugykus ys x;k] dksbZ

mldks [kkuk cukuk fl[kkus yxkA ,d fnu ckn eSaus mldk eqvk;uk fd;k vkSj iwNk

^gks D;k gky gS*

Okg vius rEcw ls ckgj fudydj vk;k vkSj esjk iSj Nwus yxkA eSa vpdpk dj dgk ^

vjs ;g D;k dj jgs gksa \*

og >Ddkl lQsn cfu;ku vkSj usdj igus gq, FkkA nkWar FkksM+s lQsn gks x;s FksA mldh

vkWa[kksa eas esjs izfr vikj J)k fn[k jgk Fkk] tSls eSus ml ij dksbZ vglku fd;k gksA

blds ckn vius&vius dk;ZØe ds vuqlkj ge yksx dke ij pys x;sA ,d eghus

ckn dSEi eq[;ky; okil vk;sA dSEi eq[;ky; eas ,d jkr :dus ds ckn tkuk FkkA

vpkud og nkSM+rk gqvk vk;k vkSj esjs iSj Nwus yxkA eSaus vius iSj ihNss dj fy,A

mlds /k¡ls gq, xky vc FkksMs- Hkjs yx jgs FksA cnu esa FkksM+h dlkoV vk xbZ FkhA eSa

f’kfoj vf/kdkjh ds rEcw esa pyk x;kA FkksM+h nsj eas og pk; ysdj vk x;kA usxh th

mldks ns[krs gq, cksys &

^ ;g dSEi vnZyh cM+h rRijrk ls lkjs dke dj jgk gS vkSj cgqr vPNk dke djrk

gSA tc dSEi lekIr gks tk;sxk rks eSa bls vius lkFk ys tkÅWaxkA eSa Hkh vdsyk gw¡ vkSj

;g Hkh vdsykA nksuksa ,d nwljs dh lsok djds thou xqtkjsaxs A eSaus eu gh eu lkspk]

pyks budks Hkh thus dk lgkjk fey x;k vkSj dSEi vnZyh dks thus dh jkg fey xbZ A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


rhu&pkj eghus chr x;sA vke rkSj ij f’kfoj vf/kdkjh gh vU; dSEi LDokM

ds ikl vkrs FksA ,d fnu usxh th us dgk& ^vk;kZ] dSEi rks lekIr gksus okyk gSA eSaus

,d Hkh izs{k.k ugha fd;kA eSa ;g Hkh ugha tkurk fd ;g bULVªwesaV dSls dke djrk gSSA*

bl rjg ls mUgksaus QhYM esa dke djus dk fu’p; fd;kA eSus mUgs ;a=ksa ds

ckjs eas crk;kA usxh th us vkf[kjh LVs’ku ij izs{k.k djus dk fu’p; fd;k FkkA vk/kkj

f’kfoj dks mlh LVs’ku ds ikl LFkkukUrfjr dj fn;k x;kA viuk izs{k.k iwjk djus ds

Ik’pkr eSa vk/kkj f’kfoj ig¡qpkA usxh th eq>s ns[kdj cgqr izlUu gq, vkSj cksys&

^ vc eS ;gk¡ izs{k.k dk dk;Z d:Waxk vkSj rqe esjh txg dSEi eq[;ky; esa cSBksA*

FkksM+h nsj eas mudk ogh dSEi vnZyh vk x;kA eSa dkQh fnuksa ds ckn mls ns[k

jgk FkkA mlds d`’kdk; ’kjhj eas f[kapko vk x;k Fkk ’kkjhfjd mHkkj fn[k jgk Fkk tSls

lw[ks isM+ eas vpkud ifRr;kWa vk xbZ gksaA mlus igys dh rjg esjk lEeku fd;k vkSj

[kq’kh&[kq’kh crk;k fd bl xkWao eas mldh ekSlh jgrh gS] ftUgksaus mldh 'kknh r; dj

nh FkhA mlus ;g Hkh crk;k fd dSEi dk dk;Z [kRe gksus ds ckn og 'kknh djus

tk,xkA eSaus usxh lkgc dks NsM+k&

^vc vki bls nsgjknwu dSls ys tk;sxsa\ ;g rks 'kknh dj jgk gS*

bl ij mUgksaus dgk&

^blds dkQh iSls esjs ikl tek gks x;s gaSA eSaus mlds fy, xqeVh ¼ydM+h dk nqdku½

cukus dk vkMZj ns fn;k gSA mlds iSls ,oa dqN vius iSls feykdj ujflagiqj eas mlds

fy, nqdku [kqyok nsaxs*

usxh th dh lksp lqudj eS vkRefoHkksj gks x;kA fdruk dY;k.kdkjh Hkko gS budk]

ge yksx bl rjg lksprs gh ugha A muds izfr esjk lEeku vkSj c<+ x;kA dqN fnuksa ds

ckn dSEi lekIr gks x;kA lHkh Vªsu }kjk tcyiqj ls nsgjknwu pys x;s vkSj ge igys

dh rjg Vªd ls nsgjknwu dks izLFkku dj x;s A

bl losZ{k.k dk;Z ds pkj&ikWap lky ckn tcyiqj eas HkwdEi vk;kA ml {ks= es

T;ks&fQftdy v/;;u ds fy, eSa ,d ckj fQj ujflagiqj igq¡pkA eSaus mlh txg dSEi

yxkus dks lkspk] ysfdu ogkWa ,d eYVh LVksjh fcfYMax cu jgk FkkA mlls FkksM+h nwj vkxs

,d pkSjkgs ij dSEi yxk;kA ,d fnu gks.Mk eksVj lkbfdy ls ,d vkneh dSEi eas

vk;kA eSa mls Bhd rjg ls igpku ugha ik;k FkkA mlus lQsn lkQ dqrkZ iStkek iguk

FkkA eq>s ns[krs gq, mlus esjk iSj Nqvk rks eq>s ;kn vk;k fd ;g rks dfjvok gSA

vk’p;Z gqvk fd mles bruk cnyko vk x;k FkkA mlus usxh th ds ckjs eas iwNkA eSaus

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


crk;k fd og rks fjVk;j gks x;s gSA fQj mlus crk;k fd ujflagiqj eas mldk ?kj Hkh

gS vkSj nqdku HkhA mlus vius ?kj Hkh cqyk;k vius lkFk vk;s O;fDr dk mlus ifjp;

fn;k fd og mldk lkyk Fkk] tks ujflagiqj dksVZ eas odhy gSA fQj eSa mls rEcw ds

vUnj ys x;k vkSj vius dSEi vnZyh dks pk; ykus dks cksykA eSaus mlls iwNk fd D;k

mlus ekSlh ds xkWao dh yM+dh ls gh ’kknh dh] rks mlus euk dj fn;kA mlus ujflagiqj

'kgj dh yM+dh ls ’kknh dh Fkh tks fd fdlh Ldwy eas i<+krh FkhA mlus ckrksa gh ckrksa

eas crk;k fd og vius xkao iapk;r dk pquko yM+us okyk gS A og dkQh nsj rd

vius ckjs eas crkrk jgk] eSa vkReeqX/k gksdj lqurk jgkA tSls vkleku dh ÅWapkbZ;kWa

mls fey xbZ gks] vU;Fkk mldk ttZj ’kjhj ’kk;n e`R;q’kS;k ij iM+k gksrk ;k xeu dj

pqdk gksrkA

gok gokbZ

fgeka’kq nhf{kr] bathfu;fjax Nk=

iq= Jh jkts’k dqekj nhf{kr

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

pkSchl ?kaVs ckn tc fctyh vkbZ]

eSus dgk&D;k gky eSMe gok&gokbZ A

oks cksyh & ekSt esa gaWw A

vktdy dUukSt esa gWaw ]

eSuas iwNk & vkSj bVkok dk D;k gky gS

oks flj ij iYyw vks<+rs gq;s cksyh & ogha rks esjh llqjky gS ]

eSus dgk rks fQj y[kuÅ okys D;ksa ,saBsa gSa A

oks ‘kjekrs gq;s cksyh &

ogha rks gekjs oks [kqn gh cSBs gSa A

eSus dgk & rks fQj gesa D;ksa :ykrh gks]

oks cksyh & rks blesa gekjk D;k xqukg gS]

vki gh us rks mUgsa pquk gS A

-x-x-x-x-x-

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


,d jkr

/keZjkt ;kno

losZ{k.k lgk;d

o”kZ 1987&88 eas QhYM dk;Z ds le; dh ?kVuk gS ml le; djhc jkr ds

yxHkx 11 cts Fks A lfnZ;ksa dk ekSle Fkk A if’pe caxky ds nkftZfyax ftys ds

ckxMksxjk dUVwuesUV esa dUVwuesUV eSi cukus ds fy, Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx }kjk dSEi

gsM DokVZj yxk;k x;k Fkk A ;g LFkku lqduk ds taxyksa ls lVk gqvk gS ;s eq[;r%

csrksa ,o lkay dk gh taxy gS ;gha ls nkftZfyax ds igkfM+;ksa dh ‘kq:vkr gksrh gS bl

taxy esa cgqrk;r la[;k esa taxyh tkuoj gkFkh] Hkkyw] ck?k vkfn jgrs gSA igkM+ks dh

xksn esa ;g LFkku cgqr gh je.kh; gSA igkM+ksa ij yxs pk; ds ckxku vR;f/kd lq’kksfHkr

yxrs gS bl LFkku ls daputa?kk dh igkfM+;ka fn[kk;h nsrh gSA lw;ksZn; ds le; lw;Z dh

fdj.ksa tc cQZ ij iM+rh gS rks ,slk yxrk gS tSls igkM+ksa ij lksuk fc[ksjk x;k gksA

taxyh tkuojksa ls cpko ds fy, fo|qr ds uaxs rkjks ls dSEi dh Qsaflax dh x;h Fkh

jkr dks uaxs rkjks esa fo|qr izokfgr dj nh tkrh Fkh ftlls fd taxyh tkuoj dSEi esa

u vk ldsA

lHkh yksxksa dk rEcw ,d gh LFkku ij yxk;k x;k Fkk ftlesa djhc 35 ls

40 yksxksa dk LVkQ jkr esa ,d gh LFkku ij jgrk FkkA 15 tuojh o”kZ 1988 dh jkr

vkB cts dh ?kVuk gS dSEi ds ikl esa fLFkr ,d NksVk lk xkWao Fkk ftlesa T;knkrj

yksx ogh jgrs Fks tkss dSUV esa gh dke djrs Fks A

ml jkr xkWao ls tksj tksj dh vkoktsa vk;ha fd gkFkh vk x;s vkokt lqudj

yksx ltx gks x;sA dSEi esa dk;Zjr dqN lh0ds0 ¼dSEi vnZyh½ taxyh gkfFk;kas dks

ns[kus xkWao dh vksj pys x;s gkfFk;kas dk >aqM xkWao esa mRikr epkrs Fks vkSj dsyk] dVgy

vkfn rksM+dj [kk jgs Fks] dSEi ds fdlh O;fDr us dVgy rksM+dj gkfFk;ksa dks ekj fn;k

fQj D;k ckr Fkh tSls mu gkfFk;ksa us vknfe;ksa dks igpku fy;k gks vkSj ogkWa ls gkFkh

pys x;s jkr djhc 11 cts gkfFk;ksa dk >aqM dSEi igWaqp x;k jkf= fM;wVh okys us tksj

ls fpYyk;k Hkkxks gkFkh vk x;s gSA lc yksx Hkkxdj ikl dh fefyVªh dSaVhu eas pys

x;s vkSj ogh ls utkjk ns[k jgs Fks ijUrq ok;j QSUl esa fctyh gksus ds dkj.k gkFkh

vUnj ugh vk jgs Fks mu gkfFk;ksa esa ls ,d gkFkh us isM+ dh Mky rksMdj ok;j QSUl

ij Qsad nh vkSj fctyh ds rkj VwV x;s vkSj lc gkFkh dSEi {ks= esa izos’k dj x;s fQj

D;k dguk Fkk vkWfQl rFkk lh0vks0 ds fy;s yxs rEcw dks Nqvk Hkh ugh ckdh djhc

20&25 rEcqvksa dks ,d ,d djds lWaqM+ ls idMdj Qsdusa yxs] mlesa j[ks [kkus ds

lkeku dks [kkrs vkSj ckdh lkekuksa dks iSjksa ls dqpy ns jgs Fks A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


bl rjg djrs jgs vkSj vUr esa ,d rEcw tks fd ,d lh0ds0 dk rEcw Fkk

ftlesa oks lks jgk Fkk bl rEcw dks tSls gh gkFkh us [khapk og O;fDr rEcw ds ihNs ls

fudydj Hkkxk vkSj gkfFk;ksa us mldk ihNk fd;k ysfdu va/ksjk gksus ds dkj.k gkFkh ml

rd igWaqp ugh ik;s vkSj og Hkkx x;k A fefyVªh okyksa us cgqr xksys iVkds nkxs ijUrq

gkFkh ugh Hkkxs A djhc ,d&Ms< ?kaVs ckn gkfFk;ksa dk >qaM vius vki taxy esa pyk x;k

dSEi ds lHkh yksx vius vius rEcw ds ikl vk;s vkSj fdlh rjg jkr fcrk;k ckn esa

irk pyk fd gkfFk;ksa us ftl lh0ds0 dk ihNk fd;k Fkk mlh us gkfFk;ksa ij dVgy ls

izgkj fd;k Fkk A vxys gh fnu funs’kd dk vkxeu Fkk fdlh rjg iqu% rEcqvksa dks

yxk;k x;k vkSj ml jkr dks Hkh gkfFk;ksa us cnyk ysus ds fy, fQj ls /kkok fd;k

ijUrq ml jkr gkfFk;ksa ds vkus dh tkudkjh igys ls gks x;h A dSEi igWaqpus ls igys

gh jkLrs esa xksys&iVk[ks nkxus ‘kq: dj fn;s x;s ftlls lHkh gkFkh taxy esa okil ykSV

x;s mlds ckn dSEi esa nksckjk ugh vk;sa A

,d cPps dh vueksy xkFkk

n’kjFk Bkdqj

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd¼lsokfuo`r½

bl lky esjk lkr o”khZ; csVk

nwljh d{kk esa izos’k ik x;k---------------

Dykl eas ges’kk ls vOoy

vkrk jgk gS !

fiNys fnuksa ru[okg feyh rks

eSa mls u;h Ldwy Mªsl vkSj

twrs fnyokus ds fy, cktkj ys x;k !

csVs us twrs ysus ls ;s dg dj

euk dj fn;k dh iwjkus twrksa

dks cl FkksM+h&lh ejEer dh

t#jr gS oks vHkh bl lky

dke ns ldrs gSa !

vius twrksa dh ctk;s mlus

eq>s vius nknk dh detksj gks

pqdh utj ds fy, u;k p’ek

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


cuokus dks dgk !

eSaus lkspk csVk vius nknk ls

‘kk;n cgqr I;kj djrk gS

blfy, vius twrksa dh ctk;

muds p’es dks T;knk t#jh

le> jgk gS !

[kSj eSaus dqN dguk t#jh

ugha le>k vkSj mls ysdj

Mªsl dh nqdku ij igqapk------------

nqdkunkj us csVs ds lkbt

dh lQsn ‘kVZ fudkyh-------------

Mky dj ns[kus ij ‘kVZ ,d ne

fQV Fkh-------

fQj Hkh csVs us FkksM+h yEch ‘kVZ

fn[kkus dks dgk ! ! ! ! !

eSaus csVs ls dgk

csVk ;s ‘kVZ rqEgsa fcYdqy lgh gS

rks fQj vkSj yEch D;ksa \

csVs us dgk % firk th eq>s ‘kVZ

fudj ds vanj gh Mkyuh gksrh gS

blfy, FkksM+h yEch Hkh gksxh rks

dksbZ QdZ ugha iM+sxk-----------------

ysfdu ;gh ‘kVZ eq>s vxyh

Dykl eas Hkh dke vk tk,xh------------

fiNyh okyh ‘kVZ Hkh vHkh

u;h tSlh gh iM+h gS ysfdu

NksVh gksus dh otg ls eSa mls

igu ugha ik jgk !

eSa [kkeks’k jgk ! !

?kj vkrs oDr eSaus csVs ls iwNk %

rqEgsa ;s lc ckrsa dkSu fl[kkrk gS

csVk \

csVs us dgk%

firk th eSa vDlj ns[krk Fkk

fd dHkh ekWa viuh lkM+h NksM+dj

rks dHkh vki vius twrksa dks

NksM+dj ges’kk esjh fdrkcksa

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


vkSj diM+ksa ij iSls [kpZ dj

fn;k djrs gSa!

xyh&eksgYys eas lc yksx dgrs

gSa fd vki cgqr bZekunkj

vkneh gSa vkSj gekjs lkFk okys

jktw ds ikik dks lc yksx

pksj]dqRrk] csbZeku] fj’or[kksj

vkSj tkus D;k D;k dgrs gSa]

tcfd vki nksuksa ,d gh gS]

vkWafQl eas dke djrs gSa-----------

tc lc yksx vkidh rkjhQ

djrs gSa rks eq>s cM+k vPNk

yxrk gS------------

eEeh vkSj nknk th Hkh vkidh

rkjhQ djrs gSa !

firk th eSa pkgrk gwWa fd eq>s

dHkh thou eas u, diM+s]

u, twrs feys ;k u feys

ysfdu dksbZ vkidks

pksj] cs&bZeku] fj’or[kksj ;k

dqRrk u dgs ! ! ! ! ! ! !

eSa vkidh rkdr cuuk pkgrk gWaw

firk th]

vkidh detksjh ugha !

csVs dh ckr lqudj eSa fu#rj Fkk !

vkt igyh ckj eq>s

esjh bZekunkjh dk buke feyk Fkk ! !

vkt cgqr fnuksa ckn vkWa[kksa eas

[kq’kh] xoZ vkSj lEeku ds

vkalw Fks----------

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


,0ih0ts0 vCnqy dyke

‘k’khdkUr

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

^^vki viuk Hkfo”; ugha cny ldrs]

ij viuh vknrs rks cny ldrs gaS]

vkSj cnyh gqbZ vknrsa]

vkidk Hkfo”; cny nsaxh**

vcqy ikfdj tSuqykcnhu vCnqy dyke vktkn vFkok MkWDVj ,0ih0ts0 vCnqy

dyke vktkn dk tUe 15 vDVwcj] 1931 esa ,d e/;eoxhZ; rfey ifjokj esa

}hi&uxj jkes’oje esa gqvk FkkA ftUgsa felkby eSu vkSj ^^turk ds jk”Vªifr** ds uke

ls tkuk tkrk gS] oks Hkkjrh; x.kra= ds X;kjgosa fuokZfpr jk”Vªifr Fks A budh ekrk dk

uke vkf’k;Eek ,d x`g.kh Fkh o ,d fof’k”V ifjokj ls Fkha A muds iwoZtks esa ls ,d

dks vaxztksa us cgknqj* dh mikf/k iznku dh FkhA buds firk tSuqykCnhu u rks T;knk i<+s

fy[ks Fks] u gh iSls okys Fks A buds firk eNqvkjksa dks uko fdjk;s ij fn;k djrs Fks A

vCnqy dyke ds thou ij buds firk dk cgqr izHkko jgk] mudh yxu vkSj muds fn,

laLdkj vCnqy dyke ds cgqr dke vk, A

vCnqy dyke la;qDr ifjokj esa jgrs FksA ifjokj dh lnL; la[;k dk vuqeku

bl ckr ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd og Lo;a ikWap HkkbZ o ikWap cgu Fks vkSj ?kj esa

rhu ifjokj jgk djrs FksA vCnqy dyke us viuh vkjafHkd f’k{kk tkjh j[kus ds fy,

v[kckj forfjr djus dk dk;Z Hkh fd;k Fkk A ikWap o”kZ dh voLFkk esa jkes’oje ds

iapk;r izkFkfed fo|ky; esa mudk nh{kk& laLdkj gqvk FkkA muds f’k{kd lksykseu us

muls dgk Fkk fd thou esa lQyrk rFkk vuqdwy ifj.kke izkIr djus ds fy, rhoz

bPNk] vkLFkk] vis{kk bu rhu ‘kfDr;ksa dks HkyhHkkWafr le> ysuk vkSj mu ij izHkqRo

LFkkfir djuk pkfg, A

dyke cpiu ls gh cgqr cqf)eku vkSj esgurh fo|kFkhZ Fks] oks viuk vf/kd ls

vf/kd le; viuh i<+kbZ esa yxkrs Fks rFkk mudh :fp ‘kq:vkr ls gh xf.kr ds izfr

vf/kd jgh Fkh A mUgksaus viuh Ldwy dh i<+kbZ jkeukFkiqje eSfVªdqys’ku Ldwy ls iwjh dh

vkSj mlds ckn fr:pukiYyh ds lasV tkslsQ dkWyst esa nkf[kyk fy;k] tgkWa ls mUgksaus

lu~ 1954 esa HkkSfrd foKku esa Lukrd fd;k A mlds ckn o”kZ 1955 esa oks enzkl

pys x, tgkWa ls mUgkssaus ,;jksLisl baftfu;fjax dh f’k{kk xzg.k dhA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


o”kZ 1960 esa dyke us enzkl bLVh;wV vkWQ VsDuksykWth ls bathfu;fjax dh

i<+kbZ iwjh dh A enzkl bLVhV;wV vkWaQ VsDukykWth ls bathfu;fjax dh i<+kbZ iwjh djus ds

ckn dyke us j{kk vuqla?kku vkSj fodkl laxBu ¼MhvkjMhvks½ esa oSKkfud ds rkSj ij

HkrhZ gq, A dyke us vius dSfj;j dh ‘kq:vkr Hkkjrh; lsuk ds fy, ,d NksVs

gsyhdkIVj dk fMtkbZu cukdj fd;k A dyke] iafMr tokgj yky usg: }kjk xfBr

^bafM;u us’kuy desVh QkWj Lisl fjlpZ* ds lnL; Hkh FksA mUgksaus izfl) varfj{k

oSKkfud foØe lkjkHkkbZ ds lkFk Hkh dk;Z fd;k Fkk A

o”kZ 1969 esa oks Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqla/kku laxBu ¼bljks½ esa Hkkjr ds

lSVsykbV ykap oSfgdy ifj;kstuk ds funs’kd ds rkSj ij fu;qDr fd, x;s Fks A blh

ifj;kstuk ds ifj.kke Lo:Ik Hkkjr dk izFke mixzg ^jksfg.kh* i`Foh dh d{kk esa o”kZ

1980 esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k] mUgsa bl dk;Z dks djus ds ckn ,slk yxk fd oks ogh

dk;Z dj jgs gSa ftlesa mudk eu yxrk gSA 1963&64 ds nkSjku mUgksaus vesfjdk ds

varfj{k laxBu uklk dh Hkh ;k=k dh A ijek.kq oSKkfud jktk jeUuk] ftuds ns[k&js[k

esa Hkkjr us igyk ijek.kq ijh{k.k fd;k] mUgsa o”kZ 1974 esa iks[kj.k esa ijek.kq ijh{k.k

ns[kus ds fy, cqyk;k FkkA lRrj vkSj vLlh ds n’kd esa vius dk;kZs vkSj lQyrkvksa ls

MkW dyke dks ns’k ds lcls cM+s oSKkfudksa esa fxuk tkus yxk A mudh bl izflf) dks

ns[krs gq, bafnjk xkW/kh us vius dSfcusV ds eatwjh ds fcuk gh mUgsa dqN xqIr ifj;kstukvksa

ij dk;Z djus dh vuqefr nh FkhA Hkkjr ljdkj us egRokdka{kh ^baVhxzsVsM xkbMsM

felkby MsoyiesaV izksxzke* dk izkjaHk MkW dyke ds ns[k&js[k esa fd;kA bl ifj;kstuk us

ns’k dks vfXu vkSj i`Foh tSlh felkbysa nh gSa A

tqykbZ] 1992 ls ysdj fnlEcj] 1999 rd MkW dyke iz/kkuea=h ds oSKkfud

lykgdkj vkSj j{kk vuqlU/kku vkSj Mh0vkj0Mh0vks0 ds lfpo FksA blh chp mUgsa

ehfM;k djojst us ns’k dk lcls cM+k ijek.kq oSKkfud cuk fn;k A o”kZ 1998 esa MkW

dyke us fpfdRld lksek jktw ds lkFk feydj ,d de dher dk ^dksjksujh LVsaV* dk

fodkl fd;kA MkW dyke dh miyfC/k;ksa vkSj izflf) ds en~nsutj ,u0Mh0,0 dh

xBca/ku ljdkj us mUgsa o”kZ 2002 esa jk”Vªifr in dk mEehnokj cuk;kA oks 25 tqykbZ]

2002 dks Hkkjr ds X;kjgosa jk”Vªifr ds :Ik esa Hkkjr dh turk ls :c: gq;s A

MkW dyke ns’k ds ,sls rhljs jk”Vªifr Fks ftUgsa jk”Vªifr cuus ls igys gh Hkkjr

jRu ls uoktk tk pqdk FkkA muds dk;Zdky ds nkSjku mUgsa ^turk dk jk”Vªifr* dgk

x;k A jk”Vªifr in ls lsokeqDr gksus ds ckn MkW dyke f’k{k.k] ys[ku] ekxZn’kZu vkSj

‘kks/k tSls dk;ksZ esa O;Lr jgs vkSj Hkkjrh; izca/ku laLFkku] f’kykax] Hkkjrh; izca/ku

laLFkku ] vgenkckn] bankSj tSls laLFkkuksa ls foftfVax izksQslj ds rkSj ij tqMs jgsa A og

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


bafM;u baLVhV~;wV vkWQ Lisl lkbal ,.M VsDukykWth fr:oUuriqje] ds pkalyj] vUuk

;wfuoflZVh] psUubZ esa ,;jksLisl bathfu;fjax ds izksQslj Hkh jgsaA

dyke ges’kk ls ns’k ds ;qokvksa vkSj muds Hkfo”; dks csgrj cukus ds ckjs esa

ckrsa djrs Fksa A blh lca/k esa mUgksaus ;qokvksa ds fy, ^ OgkV dSu vkbZ fxo* igy dh

‘kq:vkr dh ftldk mn~ns’; Hkz”Vkpkj dk lQk;k gSA mudh ;qokvksa esa blh yksdfiz;rk

dks ns[krs gq;s mUgsa o”kZ 2003 vkSj o”kZ 2004 esa ,e0Vh0oh0 ;wFk vkbdkWu vkWQ n

b;j vkoMZ ls Hkh euksuhr fd;k x;k Fkk A

f’k{k.k ds vykok MkW dyke us dbZ iqLrdsa Hkh fy[kh ftuesa izeq[k gS & bafM;k

2020] foaXl vkWQ Qk;j] bXukbVsM ekbaMl] fe’ku bafM;k vkfn gSA ns’k vkSj lekt ds

fy, fd;s x;s muds dk;ksZ ds fy, mUgsa vusdks iqjLdkjksa ls lEekfur fd;k x;k]

yxHkx 40 fo’ofo|ky;ksa us mUgsa ekun MkWDVjsV dh mikf/k nh A Hkkjr ljdkj us mUgsa

1990 esa in~e foHkw”k.k vkSj 1997 esa Hkkjr jRu ls lEekfur fd;k A us’kuy Lis’k

lkslkbVh us mUgsa 2013 esa okWu czkmu vWokMZ ls lEekfur fd;k A

27] tqykbZ 2015 dh ‘kke vCnqy dyke Hkkjrh; izca/ku laLFkku f’kykax esa ^^

jgus ;ksX; xzg** ij ,d O;k[kku ns jgs Fks tc mUgsa tksjnkj ^^ dkfMZ;d vVSd** gqvk

vkSj ;s csgks’k gksdj fxj iM+s vkSj yxHkx 6%35 cts mudh e`R;q gks xbZ A mudh

e`R;q ds ckn rfeyukMq dh ljdkj us mudh tUefrfFk 15] vDVwcj dks ^fo’o fo|kFkhZ

fnol* ?kksf”kr dj fn;k x;k vkSj ^^mRrj izns’k VsfDudy ;wfuoZflVh** dk uke muds

uke ij ^^ ,0ih0ts0 vCnqy dyke VsfDudy ;wfuoZflVh** j[k fn;k x;k A Oghyj

vkWbySM] us’kuy felkby VsLV lkbV] mM+hlk dks Hkh vCnqy dyke vkWbySaM flrEcj

2015 ds uke ij ifjofrZr dj fn;k x;k A

muds ikfFkZo ‘kjhj dks f’kykax ls xqokgkVh yk;k x;k A Hkkjr ljdkj us iwoZ

jk”Vªifr ds fu/ku ds ekSds ij muds lEeku ds :Ik esa lkr fnolh; jktdh; ‘kksd dh

?kks”k.kk dh A MkW dyke dk ekuuk Fkk fd muds fu/ku ij vodk’k dh ?kks”k.kk u dh

tk, rFkk lHkh yksx ,d fnu T;knk dke djsa A

^^ ge dsoy rHkh ;kn fd;s tk;saxs ;fn ge gekjh ;qok ih<+h dks ,d le`)

vkSj lqjf{kr Hkkjr ns lds tks dh lkaLd`frd fojklr ds lkFk&lkFk vkfFkZd le`f) ds

ifj.kke Lo:Ik izkIr gks A**

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


चटकल

t;’kadj izlkn ;kno

lgk;d

¼1½

MkDVj & ejht ls---- rqe fnu esa fdrus flxjsV ihrs gks \ ejht & th&20 MkDVj& ns[kks---- vxj eq>ls bykt djokuk gks rks rqEgsa flxjsV ls ijgst djuk gksxk] ,d dke djks] ,d fu;e cuk yks] flQZ Hkkstu ds ckn gh ,d flxjsV

fi;ksxs A ejht us MkDVj dh ckr eku dj bykt ‘kq: fd;k A dqN gh eghus ckn ejht dk LokLF; ,dne lq/kj x;k A MkDVj & ns[kk esjs crk;s x;s ijgst ls rqEgkjk LokLF; fdruk lq/kj x;k A ejht & ysfdu MkDVj lkgo fnu esa 20 ckj Hkkstu djuk Hkh dksbZ ljy dke ugha gS A

¼2½

usrkth & fpYyk&fpYyk dj dg jgs Fks & gj vkneh dks gj pht feyuh pkfg, A tks pht rqEgsa vPNh yxs ys yksA ;fn B.M yxs rks nqdku dk lcls vPNk

flyk dksV mBk yks-----Hkk”k.k nsus ds ckn os eap ls uhps mrjs vkSj fpYyk;s

vjs esjh lkbfdy dkSu mBk ys x;k+\

¼3½

iRuh& brus ysV dSls \

ifr& og D;k gks x;k uk dh 1000 :i;s dh uksV xqe gks x;h A

iRuh& vPNk rks D;k mls <wa<us esa en~n dj jgs Fks \

ifr& ugha ----eSa ml uksV is [kM+k Fkk A

¼4½

fpaVw& vkjke ls cSBk Fkk A

ehaVw& ¼fpaVw ls½ dqN dke djks A

fpaVw& ¼ehaVw ls½ eS xfeZ;ksa esa dke ugha djrk gwWa A

ehaVw& vkSj lfnZ;ksa esa \

fpaVw& xfeZ;ka vkus dk bartkj A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


¼5½

jkgxhj& rqe Hkh[k D;ks ekaxrs gks A ;g cqjk dke gS A

fHk[kkjh& D;k vkius Hkh[k ekaxh gS \

jkgxhj& ugha A

fHk[kkjh& ;g crkb;s fd vkidks dSls ekywe gqvk fd ;g cqjk dke gS A

¼6½

tt & vPNk rks bl O;fDr us rqEgsa dSlh xkfy;ka nh A

ukStoku& gtwj ;g lc xkfy;ka ljhQksa ds lkeus c;ku djus ;ksX; ugha gS A

odhy & vPNk rks ge lc ;gka ls pys tkrs gSaA rqe tt lkgc dks vdsys lquk nksA

¼7½

QSeyh Iykfuax ds MkDVj us xkao ds yksxksa dks tek fd;k vkSj dgk&Hkkjr esa gj rhu

feuV ds ckn ,d vkSjr cPps dks tUe nsrh gS vki crkb;s bl Hk;kud leL;k ij

fdl izdkj fu;a=.k fd;k tk;s \

HkhM+ esa ls vkokt vkbZ & igys ml vkSjr dks ryk’k djuk pkfg, A

¼8½

gksVy esa ,d tksM+k guhewu ds fy, Bgjk gqvk Fkk A

ifr nso viuh iRuh ls dg jgs Fks & eq>s rqels eqgCcr gS A

rqe esjs fny dh jks’kuh gks ] rqe esjs tku vkSj vkRek dh jks’kuh gks ]

rHkh ikl ds dejs ls vkokt vk;h jks’kuh can djks vk/kh jkr gks x;h gS A

¼9½

igyk dSnh & rqe tsy esa dSls vk;s \

nwljk& NksVh jLlh pqjkus ds vijk/k esa A

igyk & ysfdu ,slk ugha gks ldrk A

nwljk& vjs HkkbZ ,slk gh Fkk] ysfdu jLlh ds fljs ij HkSal Hkh ca/kh gq;h Fkh A

¼10½

iRuh& eSusa rqEgsa fcuk ns[ks ‘kknh dh ----- dSu ;w foyho nSV \

ifr& vkSj esjh fgEer rks ns[kks----eSus rqEgsa ns[kus ckn Hkh rqels ‘kknh dh----\\

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


dkek[;k nsoh & ,d fl} ihB

jkts’k dqekj nhf{kr

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

Hkkjrh; ‘kkD; iqjk.kksa ,oa nsoh efgek lEcU/kh xzUFkksa esa orZeku vle ds

dke:i e.My dks fo’ks”k LFkku ekuk x;k gS A orZeku le; esa dke:i ¼dke:i

esVªksiksfyVu½ ,d vyx ftyk cu x;k gS rFkk bl ftys esa eq[;ky;¼ xksgkVh½ ds lehi

fLFkr dkek[;k jsyos LVs’ku ls djhc nks fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij iquhr dkek[;k nsoh

lfgr vU; 9 eafnj vkSj Hkh gSa tks lHkh nl egkfo|k;ksa ds :i esa tkus tkrs gSa A

dkek[;k ioZr dh laiw.kZ Åa WpkbZ leqnzry ls 690 QhV gS A bl igkM+h ds f’k[kj ij

Hkqous’ojh nsoh dk eafnj gS rFkk mlds fupys Hkkx esa fdapr nqjh ij HkO; dkek[;k

eafnj vofLFkr gS tks leqnz ry ls yxHkx 525 QhV ÅaWpk gS A f’koiqjk.k ds vuqlkj

n{k iq=h lrh ds izk.k R;kx djus ds mijkUr Hkxoku ‘kadj nsokf/knso egknso muds ‘ko

dks ysdj lkjs Hkkjr esa ?kwesa Fks A tgkaW&tgkaW muds vax fxjs os 51 LFkku 51 egkihBksa

¼[k.MihBksa½ ds uke ls [;kr gSas A erkUrj ls dqN yksx 26 mi&ihB Hkh ekurs gSa A

dkek[;k ioZr ij ftu 10 egkfo|kvksa ds eafnj gSa muds uke bl izdkj gSa %&

dkyh rkjk egkfo|k “kksM’kh Hkqous’ojh A

HkSjoh fNUueLrk p fo|k ?kqekorh rFkk

cxyk fl) fo|k p ekraxh deykfRedk

,rk nl egkfo?kk% fl) fo|k% izdhfrZrk AA

&&& pkeq.Mk rax

vFkkZr nlegkfo|kvksa esa dkek[;k nsoh ¼”kksM’kh½] ekarxh ¼ljLorh½] deyk

¼y{eh½] dkyh] rkjk] Hkqous’ojh] HksSjoh] fNUueLrk] ?kwekorh vkSj caxykewjoh A ;s lHkh

egkfo|k,aW HkDrksa ds fy, eqfDr nkf;uh dgh tkrh gSa A mDr nl egkfo|kvksa ds eafnj

vyx&vyx cus gq;s gSa A ‘kkjnh; ,oa oklfUrd uojk=ksa esa ;gkaW nsoh mikldksa dh vikj

HkhM+ ,d= gksrh gS rFkk iwjh igkM+h jax&fcjxsa ifj/kku igusa uj&ukfj;ksa ls lt tkrh gS

A vle ljdkj dh vksj ls bl LFkku dks lqjE; cukus ds fy;s dkQh iz;kl fd;s x;s

gSa A ukuk izdkj ds gjs&Hkjs o`{kksa] yrkvksa ,oa iq”ikniksa ls vkPNkfnr ;g iq.;&Hkwfe lgt

gh Hkkoqd HkDrksa dks viuh vksj vkd`”V djus esa l{ke gS A dgk tkrk gS fd bl

lqjE; ‘kfDr ihB dks dHkh nqfnZu Hkh ns[kus iM+s Fks] tc caxky ds fdlh

uo&/kekZUrfjr ;ou ¼dkyk igkM+½ esa bls /oLr dj fn;k Fkk] ftldh otg ls lokZf/kd

{kfr dkek[;k&nsoh ds HkO; eafnj dks igqaWph Fkh A bl eafnj dk iqu% fuekZ.k lu~ 1955

bZ0 ‘kq: gqvk Fkk] tks 10 o”kksaZ ckn iwjk gqvk A orZeku le; nsoh ifjlj esa fLFkr

vU; 9 eafnj ;|fi cgqr HkO; ugha gS fQj Hkh os viuh ikSjkf.kd egRrk ds dkj.k

HkDrksa dks vkdf”kZr djrs gS a A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


izkIr lwpuk ds vuqlkj dkek[;k nsoh dh lsok esa bl le; djhc 1500

czkEg.k ¼iafMr½ jgrs gSa A dgk tkrk gS fd buesa ls dqN ds iwoZt dkU;dqCt izns’k ds

djhc 500 o”kZ iwoZ rRdkyhu ‘kkldksa }kjk vkeaf=r fd;s x;s Fksa A buesa ls dqN

izkx&T;ksfr”kiqj ds gh ewy fuoklh Fks A vc ;s lHkh okLrjh;k&czkEg.kksa ds uke ls tkus

tkrs gSa vkSj vf/kdka’k ds fuokl LFkku nsoh eafnj ds vkl ikl gh cus gq, gSa A

dkek[;k nsoh dk eafnj ‘kfDr lk/kuk dk dsUnz gS vr% ;gkaW le;≤ ij

i’kq&cfy Hkh nh tkrh gS A uojk=ksa ds vfrfjDr ;gkaW ij vf/kd HkhM+ rks ugha gksrh fQj

Hkh HkDrksa ds vkus&tkus ls dkQh pgy&igy o jkSud jgrh gS A ;kf=;ksa vkSj HkDrksa ds

izfr ;gka iafMr&iqtkfj;ksa dk crkZo cgqr gh fouez vkSj vknj laftr jgrk gS] fQj Hkh

lko/kkuh ds rkSj ij HkDrksa dks n’kZu ,oa iwtu dh nf{k.kk iafMr&iqtkfj;ksa ls igys gh

r; dj ysuk loZFkk mfpr gS A

**;k nsoh loZHkqrs”kq ‘kfDr :is.k lfLFkrka A

ueLrL;sS& ueLrL;S&ueLrL;S ueks ue% AA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


***jk”Vª Hkk”kk dh ifjHkk”kk***

f’koiqtkjh]

,e0Vh0,l0

esjk uke gS fgUnh Hkk”kk] eSa gj fgUnw dh vfHkyk”kk

fgUnqLrku esjh ifjHkk”kk] g S ;s tku yksAA

esjh nsoukxjh cguk] igukrh eq>dks gj xguk&

bldh lqUnjrk D;k dguk] ;s igpku yksAA

&&&&&&***----------***------------

1- Hkkstiqjh vo/kh ok eSfFkyh czt Hkk”kk gS xguk&

cqUnsyksa us cqUnsyh ls] ltk fn;k D;k dguk&

&&&&&rc eSa [kM+h gks ds epyh&&&&&&&

rqylh lwj dchj jfld jl[kku dh eSa ftKklk&

esjk uke gS fgUnh Hkk”kk] eS gj fgUnw dh vfHkyk”kk &

fgUnqLrku esjh ifjHkk”kk gS ;s tku yksAA

2- fQth xqvkuk ekjh’kl esa ‘kku ls cksyh tkrh gS&

fgUnqLrku esa jk”Vª dh Hkk”kk dgus dks dgykrh gS &

&&&&&&&?kj esa Bksdj [kkrh gS &&&&&&&&&

lSarkfyl ls ltk jgs lc ysfdu feyh grk’kk&

esjk uke gS fgUnh Hkk”kk] eSa gj fgUnw dh vfHkyk”kk&


3- cgq la[;d fgUnw gS ysfdu neu pØ lgrk gS &

vius ns’k esa vius jkt esa dqpyk nck jgrk gS &

&&&&&&&fQj Hkh psr ugh ikrk&&&&&&&&

tkfr ikWfr dh Hk”Vª uhfr ls dsoy feyh fujk’kk&

esjk uke gS fgUnh Hkk”kk] eSa gj fgUnw dh vfHkyk”kk&


nso ukxjh esjh cguk] igukrh eq>dks gj xguk&

bldh lqUnrk D;k dguk ;s igpku yksAA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


esjk uke gS fgUnh Hkk”kk] eSa gj fgUnw dh vfHkyk”kk


&&&&&&***----------***------------

izHkq ls fuosnu

gs izHkq tc tUe nsuk] xksn Hkkjr ekW dk gksA

dke ds tc ;ksX; gksa rks]dke Hkkjr ekW dk gksAA

dke ds djus esa gjne] /;ku Hkkjr ekW dk gksA

dke ls tc eqDr gksa] rks eku Hkkjr ekW dk gksAA

&&&&&&***----------***------------

ns’k&izns’k&jkt/kkuh&tuin&esjk ifjp;

1- Hkkjr ns’k esa izns’k] mRrj&izns’k jkt jgs]

mRrj&izns’k dh y[kuÅ] jkt/kkuh gSA

Hkwrdky ls uokc] jgrs y[kuÅ]esa gh]

xks.Mk ftys dh Hkh vn~Hkqr dgkuh gSA

2- /keZ /ot lukru dh ygjs lukru ls]

‘kfDr ihB ckjkgh ikVs’ojh] ikVs’ojh c[kkuh gSA

[kSjk nsoh ds lax nq[kgju ukFk] nq%[k gjr]

izfl} tgkW vxLr dq.M _f”k;ksa us ekuh gSA

3- jktk j?kq fnyhi n’kjFk dh iyh xS;k tgkW]

ogha gS xksuknZ vkt xks.Mk Nfo lqgkuh gSA

,sls iwT; Hkwfe esa] ijlk xks.Mjh ,slk xzke tgkW]

ogh dh f’kotkjh fi;sa lj;w dk ikuh gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


jkepfjr ekul dk thou esa egRo

izeksn dqekj

lgk;d

xksLokeh rqylh nkl us vusd lkfgR;ksa dh jpuk dh gSa oSls rks fou; if=dk]

xhrkoyh] dforkoyh] cjoS jkek;.k vkfn ysfdu tks LFkku muds }kjk jfpr jkepfjr

ekul dk gS] mldk dksbZ tksM+ ugha gS blfy, fgUnh ds vykok dbZ Hkk”kkvksa esa jkepfjr

ekul dk izdk’ku fd;k tk pqdk gSA bl xzaFk esa mRre dkO; ds lHkh y{k.k ekStwn gSA

bls lHkh oxksZ ds yksx cM+s pko ls i<+rs gSA

bl dkO; esa HkfDr] Kku] uhfr] ftruk izpkj yksxksa esa bl dkO; ls gqvk gS

mruk lkfgR; dk dksbZ xzaFk ugha dj ldk gSA jke pfjr ekul ,d /kkfeZd xzaFk ds

lkFk&lkFk ,d lkekftd@ikfjokfjd xzaFk Hkh gS ftlesa lkekU; tu ekul ls tqM+h dbZ

fo/kkvksa dk o.kZu loksZRd`”V :i esa fd;k x;k gSA xzaFk esa lcls igys lHkh nsoh&nsorkvksa

dh oUnuk ds lkFk&lkFk lHkh rjg ds yksxksa dh oUnuk dh xbZ gSA tSls%&

cgqfj cafn [ky xu lfrHkk,WA

ts fcuq dkt nkfbusgq ck,WAA

x`gLFkh ds dk;ksZ dks jke pfjr ekul esa vR;f/kd dfBu ekuk x;k gS bl

lEcU/k eas rqylh nkl th us lgh O;k[;k dh gSA

x`g dkjt ukuk tatkyk A

rs vfr nqxZe lSy fclkykAA

bZ’oj HkfDr ds lEca/k esa bZ’oj ds izfr J`)k gksuh pkfg, muds fy, Qkyrw

fn[kkos ,oa vkMEcjksa dh dksbZ vko’;drk ugha gSA jke pfjr ekul dks uhfr xzaFk dh

laKk Hkh ns ldrs gS vkSj thou esa ekxZ n’kZu gsrq vdkV~; mnkgj.k Hkh izLrqr fd, gSA

dqiFk ekax #t C;kdqy jksxhA

cSn u nsb lqugq eqfu tksxhAA

‘kkL= lqfpafrr iqfu iqfu nsf[kvA

Hkwi lqlsfor cl ugha ysf[kvAA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


dkVsfga ib dnjh QjbZ dksfV tru dksm lhapA

fcu; u eku [kxsl lquq MkVsfga ibZ uouhpAA

jkepfjr ekul esa Hkxoku Jh jke us foHkh”k.k dks ,d ,sls jFk dh O;k[;k dh gS

ftlls euq”; vius thou dky esa cM+h ls cM+h fot; izkIr dj ldrs gSA

lkSjt /khjt rsfg jFk pkdkA

lR; lhy n`<+ /otk irkdkAA

cy foosd ne] ijfgr ?kksjsA

Nek d`ik lerk jtq tksjsAA

blh rjg ls bZ’oj dk Hktu jFk dk prqj lkjFkh gS] oSjkX; <ky gS] lUrks”k

ryokj gSA cqf+} vkSj foKku dze’k% izp.M ‘kfDr ,oe~ dfBu /kuq”k ds izrhd gSA ckn esa

Hkxoku Jhjke us ;gh dgk gS&

l[kk /keZ esa vl jFk tkdsaA

thru dgW u drgwW fjiq rkdsaAA

Jh jke pfjr ekul esa xq: ds izfr f’k”; ds }kjk fn, x, lEeku dks c[kwch ftdz

fd;k gSA

/kkbZ /kjs xqj pju ljks:gA

vuqt lfgr vfr iqyd ruks:gAA

rqylhnkl th us Hkzkr` izse dk ftruk vPNk HkkoukRed fp=.k fd;k gS ‘kk;n mls

dksbZ Nw Hkh ugha ik;k gSA y{e.k ds ukjkt gksus ij Hkxoku Jh jke us Hkjr ds laca/k

esa tks dgk gS] og ,d lPpk Hkzkr` izseh gh dg ldrk gSA

tkS u gksr tx tue Hkjr dksA

ldy /kje /kqj /kjfu /kjr dksAA

jke jkT; esa turk /keZ ds lkFk&lkFk ijLij izse ls jgrh FkhA NksVs&cM+s esa dksbZ

HksnHkko ugha FkkA lHkh fn’kkvksa ds yksx izlUurk ls Hkjs gq, Fks tSls rqylh nkl th us

dgk gS&

ljflt ladqy ldy rM+kxkA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


vfr izlUu nl fnlk foHkkxkAA

jkepfjr ekul esa vkt ds lekt esa O;kIr cqjkbZ;ksa dk cM+k lVhd fp=.k fd;k gSA

lkekt ds izR;sd {ks= esa ekuoh; detksfj;Wk n`f”Vxkspj gks jgh gS tksfd euq”;ksa dks nq[kksa

dk dkj.k gSA os nwljs dks d”V esa ns[kdj vR;ar izlUu gksrs gSA Bhd gh dgk x;k gS&

[kyUg g`n; vfr rki fcls”khA

tjfga lnk ij laifr ns[khAA

tgW dgqW fuank lqufgs ijkbZA

gj”kfga eugqW ijh fuf/k ikbZAA

vktdy xq: vkSj f’k”; ds laca/k ds fo”k; eas dguk gh D;k gS bl lEcU/k eas

rqylhnkl th us Bhd gh fy[kk gS &

xqj f’k”; cf/kj va/k dk ys[kkA

,d u lqubZ ,d ufga ns[kkAA

vkt ds le; esa ogh euq”; le>nkj] cqf)eku vkSj vPNs vkpj.k djus okyk

ekuk tkrk gS tks nwljs ds /ku dks gj.k dj ysrk gks vkSj vR;f/kd naHkh gksA blhfy,

rqylhnkl us Bhd gh dgk gS&

lksbZ l;ku tks ij/ku gkjhA

tks dj naHk lks cM+ vkpkjhAA

rqylhnkl th uss euq”; dks vR;f/kd HkkX;‘kkyh ekuk gS blls gesa euq”; dks

pkfg, fd og ekuork dks vius thou esa viuk;s ,oa vPNs deZ djrs jguk pkfg,A

cM+s Hkkx ekuq”k ru ikokA

lqj nqyZHk lc xzaFkfUg xkokAA

bl izdkj ls ge bl fu”d”kZ ij igqWprs gS fd jke pfjr ekul eas fy[kh gq;h ckrsa

gekjs thou ds izR;sd gj {ks= dks izHkkfor djrh gS vkSj geas lgh jkLrk fn[kkrh gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


xkWao

lkfo=h f=ikBh

¼}kjk izeksn dqekj

lgk;d½

cpiu ds fnu chrs

Hkwy x;k xkWao A

liuksa lh ;kn jgh

ihiy dh Nkao A

unh ds fdukjs ij

>wers ccwy A

vke vkSj egqou ds

chp [kMs+ Nwy A

Qquxh ij cSB

dkx djs dkWao&dkWao A

liuksa lh ;kn jgh

ihiy dh NkWao

dks;fy;k Mkyh esa

>wwe&>we xk;s A

Ukkp jgs eksj tgkWa

i[kuk fNVdk;s A

fpfM+;ksa ds >q.M djsa

tgkWa P;kWao&P;kWao A

liuksa dh ;kn jgh

ihiy dh NkWao A

cpiu ds fnu chrs

Hkwy x;k xkWao A

liuksa lh ;kn jgh

ihiy dh NkWao A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


dqN egRoiw.kZ tkudkfj;kWa

oh0ih0 ikUMs]

lgk;d

D;k vki tkurs fd %&

1& [kM+s& [kM+s ikuh ihus okyksa dk ?kqVuk nqfu;ka dk dksbZ MkWDVj Bhd ugha dj ldrk A

2& rst ia[ks ds uhps ;k ,0lh0 esa lksus ls eksVkik c<rk gS A

3& nnZ esa ,d Xykl ikuh fdlh Hkh isu fdyj ls Hkh rst dke djrk gS A

4& dqdj esa nky xyrh gS idrh ugh gS] blfy, xSl vkSj ,lhfMVh djrh gS A

5& vY;qeqfu;e ds crZuksa ds iz;ksx ls vaxzstksa us ns’kHkDr Hkkjrh; dSfn;ksa dks jksxh

cuk;k Fkk A

6& ydok gksrs gh ejht ds ukd esa ns’kh xk; dk ?kh Mkyus ls ydok iUnzg feuV esa

Bhd gks tkrk gS A

7& ns’kh xk; ds ‘kjhj ij gkFk Qsjus ls 10 fnu esa CyMizs’kj ukWjey gks tkrk gS A

lQyrk ds eU=

1& [kqn dh dekbZ ls de [kpZ gks ,slh ftUnxh cuk,a A

2& [kqn dh Hkwy Lohdkjus esa ladksp er djks A

3& fdlh ds liuksa ij galks er A

4& jkst gks lds rks mxrk gqvk lwjt ns[ksa A

5& [kwc t:jh gks rHkh dksbZ pht m/kkj yks A

6& dtZ vkSj ‘k=q dks cMk er gksus nsa A

7& bZ’oj ij iwjk Hkjkslk j[kks A

8& izkFkZuk djuk dHkh er Hkwyks] blesa vikj ‘kfDr gksrh gS A

9& le; dherh gS bldks Qkyrw dkeksa esa er xokavks A

10-& tks vkids ikl gS mlh esa [kq’k jguk lh[kks A

11 & cqjkbZ dHkh Hkh fdlh dh er djks D;ksfd cqjkbZ uko esa Nsn ds leku gS

cqjkbZ NksVh gks ;k cMh uko dks Mqcks nsrh gS A

12 & dqN ikus ds fy, dqN [kksuk ugh cfYd djuk iMrk gS A

13 & isM+ cw<k gh lgh vkaxu esas jgus nks Qy u lgh Nk;k vo’; nsxk gh

mlh izdkj cw<s ekrk & firk rqEgkjs cPpksa dks vPNs laLdkj ,oa vk’khZokn vo’;

nsxsas A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


lsokfuo`fRr

ch0th0 jke]

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

thou pØ dk ,d iM+ko ljdkjh lsok ls fuo`Rr gksuk Hkh gS A eSa vius dk;kZy; ls

fiNys o”kksZ esa lsok fuo`Rr gq, lHkh vf/kdkfj;ksas ,oa deZpkfj;ksa dks ;g dfork lefiZr

dj jgk gWw &

fjVk;jesaV -----------u;h ftUnxh-------

eSa fjVk;j gks x;k gwWa -----------

igys lgek dqN] exj vc]

bd u;h lh ftUnxh dh jkg ij]

fQj py iM+k gwWa--------

vkt rd dh ftUnxh dh nkSM+ esa]

cpiu ds xhr tks Hkwys gq, Fks]

vkt dj fQj ;kn mudks I;kj ls]

fur u;h /kqu esa mUgsa nqgjk jgk gwWa


fQj py iM+k gwWa------------------

Qwy ikS/ks] isM+ iaNh] ;s utkjs]

;s leanj vklekWa ;s pkWan rkjs]

vc u;h utjksa ls budks ns[kdj]

lkFk buds gh eSa [kqn dks ik jgk gwWa


fQj py iM+k gwWa------------------

ftUnxh dh nkSM+ esa rks ^^vge** Fkk]

thr dh [okfg’k esa tks gkjk jgk]

vc ^^vge** dh txg ij] ^^fny** dks fcBk]

fny dh Hkksyh [okfg’kksa esa [kks jgk gwWa--------


fQj py iM+k gwWa------------------

lc esa tks gSa] vkSj lcls Hkh cM+k gS]

ftldh ek;k gh fujarj xw<+ gS]

vc feyk gS le; gkFkksa esa tks dqN]

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


[kkst esa mldh Lo;a dks <+k jgk gwWa-----


fQj py iM+k gwWa------------------

;kjksa] D;k eSa lp esa fjVk;j gks x;k gWw \

th ugha --------- vc rks]


fQj py iM+k gwWa------------------

o”kZ 2014 ,oa 2015 esa iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh- ls lsokfuo`Rr gq,

vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa dk laf{kIr ifjp;

Jh jke yky jke] vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

Jh jke yky jke Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa Vh-Vh-ch- ds in ij fnukad 29-

10-74 dks 11 Mh-vks- nf{k.kh iwohZ {ks= esa fu;qDr gq, A budh fu;qfDr fnukad 05-12-

1975 dks Vh-Vh-Vh-,- ds in ij gqbZA mlds ckn ,l-Vh-vkbZ- ¼orZeku esa vkbZ-vkbZ-,l-

,e-½ gSnjkckn ls nks o”kZ ¼1975 ls 1977½ dk lQyrkiwoZd izf’k{k.k iw.kZ djus ds

i’pkr vDVwcj 1977 esa 74 ikVh Z jkWaph esa losZ{kd ds in ij fu;qDr gq, A budk

losZ{kd ds in ij vxLr 1982 esas 92 ikVhZ okjk.klh esa LFkkukUrj.k gqvk rFkk ;gha

ij budh inksUufr vf/kdkjh losZ{kd ds in ij fnukad 28-07-1998 dks gqbZ A budk

LFkkukUrj.k fnukad 02-01-2009 dks vf/kdkjh losZ{kd ds in ij iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-

Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa gqvk rFkk ;gh ls fnukad 31-01-2014 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh izHkk”k jatu nRrk] vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

Jh izHkk”k jatu nRrk Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa Vh-Vh-Vh-,- ds in ij fnukad

17-02-75 dks 9 ikVhZ f’kykax esa fu;qDr gq, A mlds ckn ,l-Vh-vkbZ- ¼orZeku esa

vkbZ-vkbZ-,l-,e-½ gSnjkckn ls nks o”kZ dk lQyrkiwoZd izf’k{k.k iw.kZ djus ds i’pkr iqu%

80 ikVhZ f’kykax esa losZ{kd ds in ij fu;qDr gq,A f’kykax ls budk LFkkukUrj.k

dydRrk gqvk ;gh ij budh inksUufr fnukad 01-10-2002 dks vf/kdkjh losZ{kd ds

in ij gqbZ A dydRrk esa yEcs le; rd foHkkx dh lsok ds mijkUr vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

ds in ij gh iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk ;gh ls

fnukad 31-10-2014 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Jh jes’k pUnz izgjkt] LFkkiuk ,oa ys[kkf/kdkjh

Jh jes’k pUnz izgjkt Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa voj Js.kh fyfid ds in ij

fnukad 07-07-75 nf{k.k iwohZ lfdZy Hkqous’oj esa fu;qDr gq, A budh fu;qfDr fnukad

26-12-1981 dks izoj Js.kh fyfid ds in ij 11 Mh-vks- Hkqous’oj esa gqbZ A ;s

lgk;d ds in ij inksUur gksdj fnukad 12-09-96 nf{k.k iwohZ lfdZy Hkqous’oj esa

fu;qDr gq, A inksUufr ij fnukad 30-05-2005 dks dk;kZy; v/kh{kd ds in ij

NRrhlx<+ th-Mh-lh- jk;iqj esa fu;qDr gq, A bUgksus fnukad

06-08-2008 dks LFkkiuk ,oa ys[kkf/kdkjh ds in ij inksUur gksus ds ckn fcgkj th-Mh-

lh-] iVuk esa foHkkx dh lsok dh A ogkW ls ;s fnukad 22-12-2012 dks LFkkiuk ,oa

ys[kkf/kdkjh ds in ij iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk

;gh ls fnukad 28-02-2014 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq,A

Jh j.k/khj jke] LFkkiuk ,oa ys[kkf/kdkjh

Jh j.k/khj jke Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa voj Js.kh fyfid ds in ij fnukad

27-09-80 dks egklosZ{kd ds dk;kZy;] nsgjknwu esa fu;qDr gq, A budh inksUufr

fnukad 24-10-1991 dks izoj Js.kh fyfid ds in ij if’pe dk;kZy; t;iqj esa gqbZ A

lgk;d ds in ij inksUur fnukad 19-04-04 dks gq, A fnukad 13-12-2010 dks

dk;kZy; v/kh{kd ds in ij inksUur gq, rFkk fnukad 22-12-2014 dks LFkkiuk ,oa

ys[kkf/kdkjh ds in ij inksUur gq,A bUgksus viuh lsok dky dk yEck le; iwohZ mRrj

izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa O;frr fd;k rFkk ;gh ls fnukad 31-07-2015 dks

lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh mek dkUr nhf{kr] losZ{k.k lgk;d

Jh mek dkUr nhf{kr] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij

fnukad 27-12-77 dks 9 ikVhZ f’kykax esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-02-89 dks [kyklh

ds in ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk 01-01-1995 dks iVy fp=d xzsM 4 ds in ij f’kykax

esas fu;qDr gq, A bUgksus iVy fp=d xzsM 3 ,oa xzsM 2 ds in ij foHkkx dh lsok 92

ikVhZ okjk.klh esa dhA ogkWa ls fnukad 02-11-2001 dks iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-]

y[kuÅ esa LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk ;gh ij 01-01-2012 dks losZ{k.k lgk;d ds in

inksUur gq, rFkk blh in ls fnukad 31-12-2014 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq,A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Jh uoeh yky] losZ{k.k lgk;d

Jh uoeh yky] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa Vh-Vh-Vh-ch- ¼iVy fp=d½ ds in ij

fnukad 07-05-84 dks 90 ikVhZ nsgjknwu esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 04-02-92 dks

27 ikVhZ elwjh esa xzsM 2 gq, A ogkWa ls fnukad 01-01-1996 dks iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-

Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk ;gh ij 01-01-2009 dks losZ{k.k

lgk;d ds in inksUur gq, rFkk blh in ls fnukad 30-06-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh vo/ks’k dqekj] iVy fp=d

Jh vo/ks’k dqekj] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad

18-11-74 dks 42 ikVhZ vEckyk esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-01-89 dks [kyklh ds

in ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk LFkkukUrj.k gksdj 91 ikVhZ y[kuÅ vk;s rFkk ;gh ij fnukad

01-07-2005 dks iVy fp=d xzsM 4 ds in ij fu;qDr gq, A bUgksus iVy fp=d xzsM

3 ,oa xzsM 2 ds in ij foHkkx dh lsok y[kuÅ esa dh ,oa iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-

ls fnukad 31-01-2014 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh ckcw jke] ek0fp0xzsM&AA

Jh ckcw jke] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad 02-

12-75 dks 7 Mh-vks- tcyiqj esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-01-89 dks [kyklh ds

in ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk tcyiqj esa gh ;s fnukad 01-04-95 dks ekufp=dkj xzsM 4

ds in ij fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-01-1999 dks ekufp=dkj xzsM 2 gq, rFkk

LFkkukUrj.k gksdj fnukad 14-06-2005 dks iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ vk;s

rFkk ;gh ls blh in ij fnukad 30-04-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh /keZjkt flag] ek0fp0xzsM&AAA

Jh /keZjkt flag] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad

04-12-78 dks nsgjknwu esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-02-89 dks [kyklh ds in ij 91

ikVhZ y[kuÅ esa fu;fer gq;s A fnukad 31-01-96 dks LFkkukUrj.k ij mRrjh lfdZy

nsgjknwu x;s ogha ij ekufp=dkj xzsM 3 ds in ij fu;qDr gq, A ogkWa ls fnukad 28-

07-2004 dks iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk ;gh ij

08-01-2007 dks ekufp=dkj xzsM 3 ds in ij inksUur gq, rFkk blh in ls fnukad

31-08-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Jh eksgu yky] lgk;d

Jh eksgu yky Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa voj Js.kh fyfid ds in ij fnukad

25-08-83 dks 92 ikVhZ okjk.klh esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 30-12-1998 dks izoj Js.kh

fyfid ds in ij inksUur gksdj okjk.klh esa fu;qDr gq;s A lgk;d ds in ij inksUur

gksdj fnukad 30-10-2006 iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh- esa vk;s rFkk ;gh ls fnukad 30-

06-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

eks0 bf’r;kd vgen] [kyklh

Jh bf’r;kd vgen] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij


[kyklh ds in ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk 91 ikVhZ y[kuÅ esa LFkkukUrfjr gq, rFkk fnukad

31-01-2014 dks iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh- ls lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh uojax jke] [kyklh

Jh uojax jke] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad

01-10-75 dks 25 ikVhZ elwjh esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-01-89 dks [kyklh ds in

ij fu;fer gq;s A ogkWa ls fnukad 20-07-2004 dks iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ

esa LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk ;gh ij fnukad 30-06-2014 dks blh in ls lsokfuo`Rr

gq, A

Jh Kku nkl] [kyklh

Jh Kku nkl] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad

01-02-84 dks 83 ikVhZ t;iqj esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 18-05-95 dks [kyklh ds in

ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk 30-01-2009 dks iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa

LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk ;gh fnukad 30-06-2014 dks blh in ls lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh ‘;ke yky jke] [kyklh

Jh ‘;ke yky jke] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij


[kyklh ds in ij fu;fer gksdj 91 ikVhZ y[kuÅ LFkkukUrfjr gq, A iwohZ mRrj izns’k

th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esas blh in ls fnukad 30-06-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Jh o`Unkou] [kyklh

Jh o`Unkou] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad 07-

07-76 dks 48 ikVhZ tcyiqj esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-02-89 dks [kyklh ds in

ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk 04-02-1987 dks LFkkukUrj.k gksdj 92 ikVhZ okjk.klh vk;s A

ogkWa ls o”kZ 2009 esa iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk

;gh ij blh in ls fnukad 31-01-2014 dks lsokfuoRr gq,A

Jh Hkq[ku jke] [kyklh

Jh Hkq[ku jke] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad

23-03-76 dks 33 ikVhZ nsgjknwu esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-02-89 dks [kyklh ds

in ij fu;fer gksdj 91 ikVhZ y[kuÅ vk;s rFkk iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ

esa blh in ls fnukad 30-06-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Jh jke vkJ; izlkn] [kyklh

Jh jke vkJ; izlkn] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij

fnukad 23-11-75 dks 44 ikVhZ bUnkSj esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 01-02-89 dks [kyklh

ds in ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk o”kZ 2004 esa iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esa

LFkkukUrj.k ij vk;s rFkk ;gh ij blh in ls fnukad 30-06-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq,A

Jh Hkkjr flag] rduhdh Jfed

Jh Hkkjr flag] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad

06-03-78 dks nsgjknwu esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 04-02-86 dks rduhdh Jfed ds in

ij fu;qDr gq, rFkk yEcs le; rd nsgjknwu esa foHkkx dh lsok ds mijkUr budk

LFkkukUrj.k iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ esas gqvk rFkk ;gh ls fnukad 30-09-

2015 dks rduhdh Jfed ds in ls lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

eks0 ;quwl] xkMZ

eks0 ;quwl] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij fnukad 12-

03-79 dks okjk.klh esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 04-02-86 dks [kyklh ds in ij

fu;fer gksdj xkMZ ds in ij fu;qDr gq, A bUgksus ,d yEcs le; dh lsok 92 ikVhZ

okjk.klh esa dhA 92 ikVhZ ds foy; ds ckn iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-] y[kuÅ vk;s

rFkk ;gh ij xkMZ ds in ls fnukad 30-09-2015 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Jh jek dkUr xkSM+] ,e-Vh-Mh-

Jh jek dkUr xkSM+] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa lEHkkO; [kyklh ds in ij

fnukad 21-11-72 dks nsgjknwu esa fu;qDr gq, A fnukad 04-02-86 dks [kyklh ds in

ij fu;fer gq;s rFkk 04-04-89 dks iwohZ lfdZy dydRrk esa ,e-Vh-Mh- ds in ij

fu;qDr gqw, A ogkW ls fnukad 02-03-1994 dks LFkkukUrj.k gksdj 92 ikVhZ okjk.klh

vk;sA ogkWa ls o”kZ 2009 esa 92 ikVhZ ds foy; ds ckn iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh-]

y[kuÅ vk;s rFkk ;gh ij ,e-Vh-Mh- xzsM 1 ds in ls fnukad

30-11-2014 dks lsokfuo`Rr gq, A

o”kZ 2014 rFkk 2015 esa iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh- y[kuÅ ls lsokfuo`Rr gq,

mijksDr vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa dk Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx esa dk;Z cgqr gh vPNk jgk

rFkk foHkkx }kjk vko afVr dk;Z dk fu”iknu bUgksus le; ls rFkk cM+s mRlkg ls fd;k A

;s yksx vius lsok dky esssa ges’kk foHkkx ds izfr lefiZr jgs rFkk blds fy, bu

yksxksa dh ftruh ljkguk dh tk;s oks de gS A iwohZ mRrj izns’k th-Mh-lh- bu yksxks dk

ges’kk vkHkkjh jgsxk fd bu yksxks us vius lsok dky dk ,d yEck le; ;gkW O;rhr

fd;k rFkk ljdkjh dk;Z dks lqpk: :i ls djus esa dk;kZy; dk lg;ksx fd;k A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


vPNs LokLF; ds fy, 10 eU=

vjfoUn dqekj JhokLro]

lgk;d

vkt ds vk/kqfud ;qx esa ekuo dk thou jkst&jkst dh Hkkxe&Hkkx ,oa

vfr&O;Lrrk esa O;rhr gksus ds dkj.k vius LokLF; dk /;ku j[kus esa foQy gks jgk gSa

ftlds QyLo:i og ekufld ,oa ‘kkjhfjd d”Vksa dk f’kdkj curk tk jgk gSaA vr%

vkt ds ;qx esa vki viuh thou’kSyh esa dqN ifjorZu djds vius LokLFk; dks csgrj

cuk ldrs gSA vr% bl laca/k esa fuEu mik; djds vPNh lsgr izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA

xgjh lkWl ysuk& ge yksx vDlj iwjk fnu lkekU; rjhds ls lkWl ysus esa xqtkj

nsrs gSA vr% izkr%dky ftruh tYnh gks lds fcLrj NksM+ nsa mruk vPNkA [kqyh gok esa

fudysa xgjh&xgjh yEch&yEch lkWls ysaA FkksM+h nsj lkWl dks jksds fQj NksM+s ,slk ckj&ckj

ikWp ls nl feuV rd djsa A ;g izfØ;k ge fdlh Hkh oDr dj ldrs gSa buls gekjs

QsQMs+ LoLFk jgrs gSaA tehu ij ikyFkh ekj dj cSaB tk;sa fQj isV vUnj dh vksj

[khapdj ftruk eqefdu gks vUnj dh rjQ fipdkus dh izfØ;k nl&iUnzg ckj djsaA

vo’; ykHk gksxkA

/;ku djsa& jkstkuk lqcg vFkok lk;adky de ls de 10 feuV /;ku djsaA ?kj esa ;k

ikdZ esa ‘kkUr LFky ij ikyFkh ekjdj vkW[ksa cUn dj vkjke ls cSB tk;saA gkFkksa dks

?kqVuksa ij j[ksa A eu dks ,dkxzfpr djus dk iz;kl djsaA ckgj ls dksbZ Hkh dSlh Hkh

vokt gks mlls viuk /;ku u cVus nsaA mDr /;ku ysVdj Hkh vkjke eqnzk esa fd;k tk

ldrk gsA ;g fdz;k izfrfnu djus dk iz;kl djsaA vkidks vo’; ykHk gksxkA

vuqykse&foykse& ftu yksaxks dks vDlj lnhZ tqdke ;k ukd cUn jgus dh leL;k gksrh

gS muds fy, ;g O;k;ke vfr ykHkdkjh gSA LoLFk jgus ds fy, de ls de ikWp&nl

feuV le; fudky dj mDr O;k;ke izR;sd O;fDr dks djuk pkfg,A bls ukM+h’kks/ku

O;k;ke Hkh dgk tkrk gSA vkjke ls pVkbZ ij cSB dj vaxwBs ls ukd dks nk;ha vksj ls

nck;sa uFkqus ls xgjh lkWl ysa fQj vaxwBs ls ukd dks ck;ha vksj nck;sa vkSj nk;ha vksj ls

lkWl ckgj fudky nsosa ,slk ckjh&ckjh ls nksuksa rjQ ls djsaA fuf’pr :i ls ykHk gksxkA

viuk eu ilUn xk;sa vFkok laxhr lqus &tc Hkh QqlZr ds {k.k gksa viuk eu ilUn

dk dksbZ Hkh xhr] Hktu vFkok xty xquxqukus dk iz;kl djsa vFkok gYdk&QqYdk

laxhr vo’; lqusaA blls ,dkxzrk c<+rh gS vkSj eu [kq’k jgrk gS ftlls ‘kjhj esa

tgjhys rRo cuus dh izfdz;k ugha curhA blls ruko ls NqVdkjk feyrk gSA fnuHkj

dh Fkdku ls jkgr feyrh gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


ges’kk ldkjkRed lksp j[ksa& ;g ges’kk /;ku j[ksa fd bl lalkj esa gj fdlh dk thou

ljy ,oa iw.kZr;k lq[kh ugha gSA le; lnk ,d lk ugha jgrk gS izR;sd euq”; ds

thou esa leL;k;sa ,oa foink;sa vkrh gSaA budk MVdj lkeuk djuk pkfg,A u rks nq%[k

ges’kk O;fDr ds lkFk jgrk gS vkSj u gh lq[kA izR;sd dkyh jkf= ds ckn lqcg lwjt

dh fdj.ksa vo’; fudydj izdk’k QSykrh gSA vr% ges’kk viuh lksp ldkjkRed j[ksaA

vius vkl&ikl ds t:jr eUn xjhc yksxksa dh vkfFkZd ;k ‘kkjhfjd enn vo’; djsaA

nsf[k;sxk blls fdruk vkuUn izkIr gksrk gSA

vius ifjokj ds lkFk i;kZIr le; fcrk;sa& vius ifjokj ds lkFk i;kZIr le; fcrk;sa

muds lkFk gWlh etkd djsa cPpksa ls ,oa vius thou lkFkh ds lkFk fe=or O;ogkj

djsaA mudh leL;kvksa dks ‘ks;j djsaA vkSj viuk gj lEHko lg;ksx mUgsa nsaA lky esa

,d ckj vo’; izkd`frd ‘kkUr ekgkSy esa ?kweus tk;saA ?kj ds vkl&ikl LoPNrk j[ksaA

nsf[k,xk ?kj esa LoLFk ekgkSy gksus ls ruko vkils ehyksa nwj jgsxkA

dk;Z&LFky esa lgdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk O;ogkj& vius dk;ZLFky esa lgdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk

fe=or O;ogkj j[ksaa A vkius /;ku fn;k gksxk Hknztu gj le; viusa O;ogkj esa

lkSE;rk ,oa ckrphr esa fouezrk dk ikyu vo’; djrs gSA vr% izR;sd ifjfLFkfr esa

vius O;ogkj esa fouezrk vo’; j[ksaA vius lgdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk lg;ksxkRed O;ogkj

j[ksaA oDr iM+us ij mudh lgk;rk djus esa ihNs u jgsaA [ksydwn ,oa euksjatu dk;ZØeksa

esa c<+p<+ dj Hkkx ysaA

dksbZ u dksbZ ‘kkSd vo’; ikysa& fdlh u fdlh izdkj dk ‘kkSd vo’; j[ksa tSls lkfgR;

i<+us dk] ckxokuh dk] [kkuk cukus dk ,oa lSj&likVk djus dkA blls ldkjkRed lksp

c<+rh gSA bl izdkj dh fØ;kvksa ls fpRr ‘kkUr ,oa LoLFk jgrk gSaA

[kqyh vkW[kks ls lius ns[ksa vkSj ÅWpk /;s; j[ksa& vkxs c<+us ds fy, fuf’pr m)s’;ksa dks

iw.kZ djus ds lius ns[ksA ges’kk lcls vkxs jgus dk /;s; j[ksa ij /;ku j[ksa blls

fdlh dk vfgr u gksA

ges'kk ltx ,oa gksf’k;kj jgsa&vUr esa lcls egRoiw.kZ fcUnq ij /;ku nsus dh

vko’;drk gS og ;g fd vki ges’kk vius vklikl ds ekgkSy ds izfr ltx o

laosnu’khy jgsaA ges’kk ;g /;ku j[ksa fd dksbZ vkidks ew[kZ u cuk;sA vius vkidks

vkMEcj ,oa va/kfo’okl ls nwj j[ksa ,oa okLrfodrk dk lkeuk djuk lh[ksaA lnSo vius

vkidks izR;sd volj ij ltx ,oa gksf’k;kj j[ksaA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


tkfu, MkDVj dh Hkk”kk

f’koWkxh JhokLro

¼iq=h vjfoUn dqekj JhokLro] lgk;d½

MkDVj }kjk fy[ks x;s ipsZ ij dqN ‘kCn ejhtksa ds fy, igsyh cu tkrs gS]

D;ksafd mlesa ,sls ‘kCnksa dk iz;ksx gksrk gS tks vke yksxksa dh le> ls ijs gksrs gSaA

esfMdy LVksj okys bUgs vklkuh ls i<+ ysrs gSaA D;k vki tkurs gSa oks mUgsa dSls le>

ysrs gSa \ pwWfd gj is’ks ds lkadsfrd dksM gksrs gSa ftUgsa ml is’ks ls tqM+s yksx vklkuh ls

tku ysrs gSA D;k gksrk gS bu ladsrksa dk vFkZ vkb;s tkurs gS&

Rx bl ladsr }kjk MkDVj bZ’oj dks lk{kh ekudj viuh iwjh ;ksX;rkuqlkj mipkj djus

dk opu nsrk gSA

f=dks.k ds leku bl ladsr }kjk jksx ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nh tkrh gSA

OD ;g ,d ySfVu Hkk”kk dk ,d ‘kCn gS ¼vksfeuh Mk;½ vFkkZr& fnu esa ,d ckj nok

ysuh gSA

BD(B.I.D) ;g ,d ySfVu Hkk”kk dk ,d ‘kCn gS ¼fcl bu Mk;½ vFkkZr& fnu esa nks ckj nok

ysuh gSA

TDS(T.I.D.) ;g ,d ySfVu Hkk”kk dk ,d ‘kCn gS ¼Vj bu Mk;½ vFkkZr& fnu esa rhu ckj nok

ysuh gSA

QDS(Q.I.D.) ;g ,d ySfVu Hkk”kk dk ,d ‘kCn gS ¼DokV Zj bu Mk; lqesuMl½ vFkkZr& fnu esa pkj

ckj nok ysuh gSA

A.C. ,.Vh lkbce bldk eryc gS Hkkstu ls igys nok ysuh gSA

PC iksLV lkbce bldk eryc gS Hkkstu ds ckn nok ysuh gSA

A/D vYVjusV Ms] vFkkZr nok dks ,d fnu ds vUrj ls ysuk gSA

H.S. gksjk lkseuh vFkkZr nok dks jkr esa lksus ls igys ysuk gSA

BB bldk vFkZ gS nok dks lqcg ukLrs ls igys ysuk gSA

S.O.S. ySfVu ‘kCn lkb vkIlflV dk laf{kIr :i gS ftldk vFkZ gS nok dks t:jr iM+us

ij ysuk gSA mnkgj.k cq[kkj gksus ij vFkok nnZ gksus ij A

STAT ySfVu ‘kCn LVsfVe dk laf{kIr :i ln ftldk eryc nok rqjUr ysuh gSA

T.S.F. Vh Liwu Qqy vFkkZr ,d NksVk pEep ¼05 feyh½

T.b.sf. Vscy Liwu Qqy vFkkZr ,d cM+k pEep ¼10 feyh½

S.L. Lc fyxqvyA bldk vFkZ gS nok dh xksyh thHk ds uhps j[kdj /khjs&/khjs pwluk gSA

N.A.D. uks ,CukeksZfyVh fMVsDVsM vFkkZr fdlh Hkh izdkj dh vlkekU;r% dk u ik;k tkukA

W.S. okeZ lsykbu vFkkZr gYds xeZ ikuh esa ued feykdj mlls dqYyk djsa ;k fdlh

vax dh fldkbZ djsaA

Applicap ,slk dSilwy ftls fuxy dj ugha [kkuk gS] cfYd ,d fdukjs dks dkVdj mlesa

mifLFkr ejge dks vkW[k esa Mkyuk gS] ;k fQj t[e ij yxkuk gSA

S.R. jksxh dks de ued okyk vkgkj ysuk gSaA

I.M. bUVjeLdqyj vFkkZr ekWlisf’k;ksa esa yxk;k tus okyk batsD’ku

I.V. bUVjosul vFkkZr ul esa yxk;k tkus okyk batsD’kuA

S.C. Lc dqVsfu;l vFkkZr Ropk ds Bhd uhps fn;s tkus okyk batsD’kuA

Tab: VscysV] Cap: dSilwy] Syp: flji] Susp: lLisa’ku] Oint: ejge] Inj: batsD’ku]

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


varZjk"Vªh; ;ksx fnol

mes’k feJk]

vf/kdkjh losZ{kd

21 twu 2015 dks izFke varjkZ”Vªh; ;ksx fnol euk;k x;k A ftldh igy

Hkkjr ds iz/kkuea=h Jh ujsUnz eksnh th us 27 flrEcj] 2015 dks la;qDr jk”Vª

egklHkk esa vius Hkk”k.k ls dh Fkh ftlesa mUgksaus dgk % ^^;ksx Hkkjr dh izkphu ijaijk

dk ,d vewY; migkj gS ;g fnekx vkSj ‘kjhj dh ,drk dk izrhd gS] euq”; vkSj

izd`fr ds chp lkeatL; gS] fopkj] la;e vkSj iwfrZ iznku djus okyk gS rFkk LokLF;

vkSj HkykbZ ds fy, ,d lE;d n`f”Vdks.k dks Hkh iznku djus okyk gSA ;g O;k;ke ds

ckjs esa ugh gS] ysfdu vius Hkhrj ,drk dh Hkkouk] nqfu;k vkSj izd`fr dh [kkst ds

fo”k; esa gSA gekjh cnyrh thou ‘kSyh esa ;g psruk cukdj] gesa tyok;q ifjorZu ls

fuiVus esa enn dj ldrk gSA rks vk;sa ,d varjkZ”Vªh; ;ksx fnol dks xksn ysus dh

fn’kk esa dke djrs gSA** la;qDr jk”Vª la?k dh ?kks”k.kk es iz/kkuea=h Jh ujsUnz eksnh th ds

bl izLrko dks 90 fnu ds vanj iw.kZ cgqer ls ikfjr fd;k x;k] tks la;qDr jk”Vª esa

fdlh fnol izLrko ds fy, lcls de le; gSA bl igy dks dbZ oSf’od usrkvksa ls

leFkZu feykA lcls igys] usiky ds iz/kkuea=h lq’khy dksbZjkyk us iz/kkuea=h eksnh th

ds izLrko dk leFkZu fd;kA la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk lfgr 177 ls vf/kd ns’kksa] dukMk]

phu vkSj felz vkfn us bldk leFkZu fd;k gSA ^^vHkh rd gq;s fdlh Hkh la;qDr jk”Vª

egklHkk ds ladYi ds fy, ;g lg izk;kstdks dh lcls vf/kd la[;k gSA** 11 fnlEcj

2014 dks 193 lnL;h; la;qDr jk”Vª egklHkk }kjk loZlEefr ls ;ksx dks varjkZ”Vªh;

fnol ds :Ik esa 21 twu dks eatwjh ns nh x;h A

;ksx dk bfrgkl

Hkxoku ‘kadj ds ckn oSfnd _f”k&eqfu;ksa ls gh ;ksx dk izkjEHk ekuk tkrk gSA oSfnd

dky esa ;K vkSj ;ksx dk cgqr egRo FkkA blds fy, mUgksaus pkj vkJeksa dh O;oLFkk

fufeZr dh FkhA czºep;Z vkJe esa osnksa dh f’k{kk ds lkFk gh ‘kL= vkSj ;ksx dh f’k{kk

Hkh nh tkrh FkhA ;gh oks foKku ;k laLd`fr gS ftlds dkj.k Hkkjr dks fo’oxq: dgk

tkrk gSA ;ksxkH;kl dk izekf.kr fp=.k yxHkx 3000 bZ0iw0 flU/kq /kkVh dh lH;rk ds

le; dh eksgjks vkSj ewfrZ;ksa esa feyrk gSA ckn esa egkohj vkSj cq} us bls viuh rjg

ls foLrkj fn;kA tSu vkSj ckS} tkxj.k vkSj mRFkku dky ds nkSj esa ;e vkSj fu;e ds

vaxksa ij tksj fn;k tkus yxkA ;e vksj fu;e vFkkZr vafglk] lR;] czºep;Z] vLrs;]

vifjxzg] ‘kkSp] larks”k] ri vkSj Lok/;k; dk izpyu gh vf/kd jgkA ;gkWa rd ;ksx dks

lqO;ofLFkr :i ugha fn;k x;k FkkA 563 ls 200 bZ0iw0 rd ;ksx ds rhu vax& ri]

Lok/;k; vkSj bZ’oj i zkf.k/kku& dk izpyu FkkA bls ^fØ;k;ksx* dgk tkrk gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


blds i’pkr egf”kZ iratfy us bls lqO;ofLFkr :i fn;kA ;ksx dk izklafxd xzaFk

^;ksxlw=* 200 bZ0iw0 ;ksx ij fy[kk x;k igyk lqO;ofLFkr xzaFk gSA bl :Ik dks gh

vkxs pydj fl)iaFk] ‘kSoiaFk] ukFkiaFk oS”.ko vkSj ‘kkDr iafFk;ksa us vius&vius rjhds ls

foLrkj fn;kA bu lcdk ewy osn vkSj mifu”kn gh jgk gSA Hkkjrh; n’kZu dh ekU;rk ds

vuqlkj osnksa dks vikS:”ks; ekuk x;k gS vFkkZr osn ijekRek dh ok.kh gS rFkk bUgsa djhc

nks vjc o”kZ iqjkuk ekuk x;k gSA budh izkphurk ds ckjs esa vU; er Hkh gSA ;ksx

ijEijk vkSj ‘kkL=ksa dk foLr`r bfrgkl jgk gS] ;|fi bldk cgqr lkjk bfrgkl u”V gks

x;k gSA fdUrq ftl rjg jke ds fu’kku bl Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esa txg&txg fc[kjs

iM+s gS mlh rjg ;ksfx;ksa vkSj rifLo;ksa ds fu’kku taxyksa] igkM+ksa vkSj xqQkvksa esa vkt

Hkh ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA ;ksx ds fcuk fo}ku dk Hkh dksbZ ;KdeZ fl) ugh gksrkA egf”kZ

iratfy dk v”Vkax ;ksx& ;ksx ds vkB vax egf”kZ iratfy us ;ksx dks fpRr dh o`fRr;ksa

ds fujks/k ds :i esa ifjHkkf”kr fd;k gSA ;ksxlw= esa mUgksaus iw.kZ dY;k.k rFkk ‘kkjhfjd]

ekufld vkSj vkfRed ‘kqf) ds fy, vkB vaxks okys ;ksx dk ,d ekxZ foLrkj ls

crk;k gSA v”Vkax ;ksx ds vkB vaxksa esa izFke ikWap cfgjax rFkk vU; rhu vUrjax esa

vkrs gaSA

1& fu;e ikap lkekftd uSfrdrk

¼d½ vfgalk& ‘kCnksa ls] fopkjksa ls vkSj deksZa ls fdlh dks gkfu ugh igWaqpkuk

¼[k½ lR;& fopkjksa esa lR;rk] ije&lR; esa fLFkr jguk

¼x½ vLrs;& pksj&izo`fr dk u gksuk

¼?k½ czºep;Z& nks vFkZ fuEuor gS%

1&psruk dks czºe ds Kku esa fLFkj djuk

2&lHkh bfUnz;&tfur lqq[kksa esa la;e cjruk

¼p½ vifjxzg& vko’;drk ls vf/kd lap; ugha djuk vkSj nwljksa dh oLrqvksa dh bPNk

ugh djuk

2& fu;e ikWap O;fDrxr uSfrdrk

¼d½ ‘kkSp& ‘kjhj vkSj eu dh ‘kqf)

¼[k½ larks”k&larq”V vkSj izlUu jguk

¼x½ ri& Lo;a ls vuq’kkflr jguk

¼?k½ Lok/;k;& vkRefparu djuk

¼p½ bZ’oj&izkf.k/kku& bZ’oj ds izfr iw.kZ leiZ.k] iw.kZ J)k

3- vklu ;ksxkluksa }kjk ‘kkjhfjd fu;a=.k

4- izk.kk;ke ‘okl&ysus lEcU/kh [kkl rduhdksa }kjk izk.k ij fu;a=.k

5- izR;kgkj bfUnz;ksa dks vareqZ[kh djuk

6- /kkj.kk ,dkxzfpr gksuk

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


7- /;ku fujarj /;ku

8- lekf/k vkRek ls tqMuk] ‘kCnksa ls ijs ije&pSrU; dh voLFkk

;ksx D;k gS&

^;ksx* laLd`r ‘kCn ^^;qt** ls mRiUu gqvk gS ftldk vFkZ ^^tksM+uk** gSA ;ksx gekjs

‘kjhj] eu vkSj vkRek ds chp la;e LFkkfir djrk gS ftlls lqIr ‘kfDr;kW tkxzr gksus

yxrh gSA tSls&tSls ge ;ksx djrs gS oSls oSls gekjs eu] ‘kjhj vkSj vkRek dk laidZ

etcwr gksrk tkrk gS vkSj gekjk thou ljy o ldkjkRed gksrk tkrk gSA ;ksx thou

thus dh dyk gS] ;ksx ,d lEiw.kZ thou i)fr gS] ;ksx dsoy jksxksa dks nwj djus dh

izfØ;k ugh gSA ;ksx dk vk’k; ‘kjhj ds leLr jksxksa dks nwj dj] efLr”d dks ruko

eqDr dj] eu dks ifo= cukdj] vkRek dk bZ’oj ls lEcU/k LFkkfir djuk gSA ‘kjhj

dk eu ij vkSj eu dk ‘kjhj ij izHkko iM+rk gSA blfy, ;ksx gh ,dek= ,slh lEiw.kZ

i)fr gS tks euq”; dks ‘kkjhfjd] ekufld vkSj vk/;kfRed :i ls ‘kfDr’kkyh cukrh

gSA thou dh leL;kvksa esa ge my>s jgrs gS ftlds dkj.k /khjs /khjs gekjk Lo;a ij

fu;U=.k ugha jgrk ysfdu ;ksx ,d ,slk lk/ku gS ftlls gekjk eu vkSj ‘kjhj ij

lEiw.kZ fu;a=.k gksus yxrk gSA vkSj lcls cM+h ckr ;g gS ^^;ksx** euq”; dks vkRe

larqf”V iznku djrk gSA vxj thou dks thus dk loksZRre rjhdk dksbZ gS rks og ^^;ksx**

gSA

;ksx Hkkjr esa ,d vk/;kfRed izfØ;k dks dgrs gSa ftlesa ‘kjhj] eu vkSj vkRek dks

,d lkFk ykus dk dke gksrk gSA ;ksx ‘kCn Hkkjr ls ckS) /keZ ds lkFk phu] tkiku]

frCcr] nf{k.k iwoZ ,f’k;k vkSj Jhyadk esa Hkh QSy x;k gS vkSj bl le; lkjs lH;

txr~ esa yksx blls ifjfpr gSA bruh izflf) ds ckotwn bldh ifjHkk”kk lqfuf’pr ugha

gSA Hkxon~xhrk izfrf”Br xzFk ekuk tkrk gSA mlesa ;ksx ‘kCn dk dbZ ckj iz;ksx gqvk gS]

dHkh vdsys vkSj dHkh lfo’ks”k.k] tSls cqf);ksx] laU;kl;ksx] deZ;ksxA osnksRrj dky esa

HkfDr ;ksx vkSj gB;ksx uke Hkh izpfyr gks x;k gSA egkRek xka/kh us vuklfDr ;ksx

dk O;ogkj fd;k gSA ikraty ;ksxn’kZu esa fØ;k ;ksx ‘kCn ns[kus esa vkrk gSA ik’kqir

;ksx vkSj egs’oj ;ksx tSls ‘kCnksa dh Hkh ppkZ feyrh gSA bu lc LFkyksa esa ;ksx ‘kCn

ds tks vFkZ gS og ,d nwljs ds fojks/kh gSa ijarq brus fofHkUu iz;ksxksa dks ns[kus ls ;g rks

Li”V gks tkrk gS fd ;ksx dh ifjHkk”kk djuk dfBu dke gSA ifjHkk”kk ,slh gksuh pkfg,

tks vO;kfIr vkSj vfrO;kfIr nks”kksa ls eqDr gks] ;ksx ‘kCn ds okP;kFkZ dk ,slk y{k.k

cryk lds tks izR;sd izlax ds fy, mi;qDr gks vkSj ;ksx ds flok; fdlh vU; oLrq

ds fy, mi;qDr u gks A

bu fofHkUu nk’kZfud fopkj /kkjkvksa esa fdl izdkj ,slk leUo; gks ldrk gS fd ,slk

/kjkry fey lds ftl ij ;ksx dh fHkfRr [kM+h dh tk lds] ;g cM+k jkspd iz’u gS

ijarq blds foospu ds fy, cgqr le; pkfg,A ;gkWa ml izfdz;k ij FkksM+k lk fopkj dj

ysuk vko’;d gS ftldh :ijs[kk gedks iratfy ds lw=ksa esa feyrh gSA FkksM+s cgqr

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


‘kCnHksn ls ;g izfdz;k mu lHkh leqnk;ksa dks ekU; gS tks ;ksx ds vH;kl dk leFkZu

djrs gaSA

1& ikraty ;ksx n’kZu ds vuqlkj& ;ksxf’pRro`Rr fujks/k % vFkkZr ~ fpRr dh o`fRr;ksa dk

fujks/k gh ;ksx gS A

2&lka[; n’kZu ds vuqlkj& iq:”kizd`R;ksfoZ;ksxsfi ;ksxbR;fe/kh;rsA vFkkZr iq:”k ,oa izd`fr

ds ikFkZD; dks LFkkfir dj iq:”k dk Lo Lo:Ik esa vofLFkr gksuk gh ;ksx gSA

3&fo”.kqiqjk.k ds vuqlkj& ;ksx% la;ksx bR;qDr% thokRe ijekReusA vFkkZr~ thokRek rFkk

ijekRek dk iw.kZr;k feyu gh ;ksx gSA

4&Hkxon~xhrk ds vuqlkj& fln~n/;flÍ/;ks leksHkwRok leRoa;ksx mPprsA vFkkZr nq%[k&lq[k]

ykHk&vykHk] ‘k=q&fe=] ‘khr vkSj m”.k vkfn ifjfLFkfr;ksa eas loZ= leHkko j[kuk ;ksx

gSA

5&Hkxon~xhrk ds vuqlkj&rLeksÍ;ksxk;tqT;Lo ;ksx% deZlq dkS’kyeA vFkkZr ~ dRrZO; deZ

cU/kd u gks] blfy;s fu”dke Hkkouk ls vuqizsfjr gksdj dRrZO; djus dk dksS’ky ;ksx

gSA

6&vkpk;Z gfjHknz ds vuqlkj& eksD[ks.k tks;.kkvks lOoks fo /kEe oogkjks tksxksA eks{k ls

tksM+us okys lHkh O;ogkj ;ksx gS

7& ckS} /keZ ds vuqlkj&dq’ky fprSdXxrk ;ksx% A vFkkZr~ dq’ky fpRr dh ,dkxzrk ;ksx

gSA mijksDr ds vfrfjDr xhrk esa rhu izdkj ds ;ksxksa dk o.kZu feyrk gS &

deZ;ksx& dkjZokbZ dk ;ksxA blesa O;fDr vius fLFkfr ds mfpr vkSj drZO;ksa ds vuqlkj

deksZ dk J)kiwoZd fuokZg djrk gSA

HkfDr ;ksx& HkfDr dk ;ksxA Hkxor dhrZuA bls HkkoukRed vkpj.k okys yksxksa dks

lq>k;k tkrk gSA

Kku ;ksx& Kku dk ;ksx vFkkZr~ KkuktZu djuk A

bLyke lwQh laxhr ds fodkl esa Hkh Hkkjrh; ;ksx vH;kl dk dkQh izHkko gS] tgkWa os

nksuksa ‘kkjhfjd eqnzkvksa ¼vklu½ vkSj ‘okl fu;a=.k ¼izk.kk;ke½ dks vuqdwfyr fd;k gSA

11oha ‘krkCnh ds izkphu le; esa izkphu Hkkjrh; ;ksx ikB] ve`rdqaM] ¼^^ver dk dqaM½

dk vjch vkSj Qkjlh Hkk”kkvksa esa vuqokn fd;k x;k FkkA

;ksx dk egRo o y{;

orZeku le; esa viuh O;Lr thou ‘kSyh ds dkj.k yksx larks”k ikus ds fy, ;ksx djrs

gSA ;ksx ls u dsoy O;fDr dk ruko nwj gksrk gS cfYd eu vkSj efLr”d dks Hkh ‘kkafr

feyrh gSA ;ksx cgqr gh ykHkdkjh gSA ;ksx u dsoy gekjs fnekx] efLr”d dks gh

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


rkdr igqapkrk gS cfYd gekjh vkRek dks Hkh ‘kq) djrk gSA vkt cgqr ls yksx eksVkis

ls ijs’kku gSa] muds fy, ;ksx cgqr gh Qk;nsean gSA ;ksx ds Qk;ns vkt lHkh tkurs

gS] ftl otg ls vkt ;ksx fons’kksa esa Hkh izfl) gSA

;ksx dk y{; LokLF; esa lq/kkj ls ysdj eks{k izkIr djus rd gSA tSu /keZ] vn~oSr

osnkar ds eksfuLV laiznk; vkSj ‘kSo leqnk; ds vUrj esa ;ksx dk y{; eks{k dk :Ik

ysrk gS] tks lHkh lkalkfjd d”V ,oa tUe vkSj e`R;q ds pØ ¼lalkj½ ls eqfDr izkIr

djuk gS] ml {k.k esa ije czºe ds lkFk le:irk dk ,d ,glkl gS A egkHkkjr esa]

;ksx dk y{; czºek dh nqfu;k esa izos’k ds :Ik esa of.kZr fd;k x;k gS] czºe ds :i

esa] vFkok vkRek dks vuqHko djrs gq, tks lHkh oLrqvkas esa O;kIr gSA HkfDr laiznk; ds

oS”.ko /keZ esa ;ksx dk vafre y{; Lo;a Hkxou dh lsok djuk ;k muds izfr ‘kfDr

gksuk gS] tgka y{; ;g gS fd fo”.kq ds lkFk ,d ‘kk’or fj’rs dk vkuan ysuk gSA

;ksx ds izfl} xzUFk%

;ksxlw=&ir atfy] ;ksxHkk”;&osnO;kl] rRRooS’kkjnh&okpLifr feJ] Hkksto`fRr&jktk Hkkst]

xksj{k’krd&xq: xksj[k ukFk] ;ksxlkjlaxzg&foKkufHk{kq] gB;ksxiznhfidk&Lokeh LokRekjke]

lw=o`fRr& x.ks’kHkkok] ;ksxlw=o`fRr& ukxs’k HkV~V] ef.kizHkk&jkekuUn ;fr]

lw=kFkZizcksf/kuh&ukjk;.k rhFkZ

;ksx ds lkekU; Qk;ns%

‘kjhj LoLFk jgrk gS& ;ksx ls ‘kjhj eas jDr dk izokg fu;af=r jgrk gS ftlls ‘kjhj esa

pqLrh vkrh gS tks fd gkfudkjd rRo dks ckgj fudkyrh gS ftlls ‘kjhj ds fodkj nwj

gksrs gS vkSj jksfx;ksa dks blls vkjke feyrk gsA lkFk gh ldkjkRedrk dk Hkko izokfgr

gksrk gS A ftlls ‘kjhj LoLFk jgrk gSA

otu de gksrk gS&;ksx dh lcls izHkko’kkyh fo/kk gS lw;Z ueLdkj] ftlls ‘kjhj esa

yphykiu vkrk gSA jDr dk izokg vPNk gksrk gSA ‘kjhj dh vdM+u] tdM+u esa vkjke

feyrk gSA ;ksx ls otu fu;af=r jgrk gSA ftldk otu de gS og c<+rk gS vkSj

ftudk vf/kd gS de gksrk gSA

fpark dk Hkko de gksrk gS& ;ksx ls eu ,dkxzfpr jgrk gS mlesa ‘khryrk dk Hkko

vkrk gS vkSj fpark tSls fodkjksa dk var gksrk gSA ;ksx ls xqLlk de vkrk gS blls CyM

izs’kj fu;af=r jgrk gS ftlls ‘kkjhfjd ,oea ekufld larqyu cuk jgrk gSA

ekufld ‘kkafr& ;ksx ls eu ‘kkar jgrk gSA fnekx nq:Lr gksrk gS ftlls ldkjkRed

fopkj dk izokg gksrk gSA ldkjkRed Hkko ls thou dk utfj;k cny tkrk gSA fdlh ds

fy, eu esa cSj ugha jgrkA bl rjg ;ksx ls euq”; dk fodkl gksrk gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


eukscy c<rk gS&;ksx ls euq”; esa vkRecy c<+rk gS] thou ds gj {ks= esa dk;Z eas

lQyrk feyrh gSA euq”; gj ifjLFkfr ls yM+us ds dkfcy gksrk gSA lkFk gh thou dh

pqukSfr;ksa dks mRlkg ls ysrk gSA

izfrjks/kd {kerk c<+rh gS&;ksx ls mikip; dh fØ;k nq:Lr gksrh gS vkSj ‘olu fØ;k

larqfyr gksrh gSa ftlls euq”; esa jksxksa ls yM+us dh {kerk c<+rh gSaA cM+h ls cM+h chekjh

ls yM+us ds fy, ‘kfDr dk lapkj gksrk gSA

thou ds izfr mRlkg c<+rk gS& ;ksx dks vki tknw Hkh dg ldrs gS fu;fer ;ksx djus

ls thou ds izfr mRlkg c<+rk gSA vkRecy c<+rk gS] ldkjkRed Hkko vkrk gS lkFk gh

vkRe fo’okl esa Hkh o`f) gksrh gSA ftlls thou ds izfr mRlkg c<+rk gSA

mtkZ c<+rh gS& euq”; jkstkuk dbZ xfrfof/k;kWa djrk gSa vkSj fnu ds var esa Fkd tkrk gSa

ysfdu vxj og fu;fer ;ksx djrk gSa rks mlesa mtkZ dk lapkj gksrk gSaA FkdkoV ;k

fdlh Hkh dke ds izfr mnklh dk Hkko ugha jgrkA lHkh vaxks dks viuk dk;Z djus ds

fy, i;kZIr mtkZ feyrh gS D;wafd ;ksx ls Hkkstu dk lgh ek;us esa ikpu gksrk gS tks

nSfud mtkZ dks c<+krk gSA

‘kjhj yphyk curk gSaa& var esa ;g dguk gS fd euq”; ges’kk [kq’k jguk pkgrk gSA gj

dksbZ O;fDr dHkh u dHkh ;g lk sprk gS fd dk’k mlds ikl ,d ,slh ‘kfDr gks ftlls

og tku lds fd mlds thou dk mnns’; D;k gS vkSj og dSls gj le; [kq’k jg

ldrk gSA ge yksx ‘kk;n fo’okl ugh djrs ysfdu v”Vkax ;ksx gh oks ^^foKku**] ^^

‘kfDr ** ;k ^^peRdkj** gS] tks gekjs thou dks cny ldrk gSA gekjs ‘kjhj vkSj eu

ds vkykok Hkh dqN vkSj gS] tks ‘kjhj vkSj eu dks fu;af=r djrk gS ftls ge

^^varjkRek** ;k ^^psruk** dgrs gSA ge dsoy ‘kjhj ;k eu ugha gks ldrs D;ksafd vxj

,slk gksrk rks ‘kk;n gees vkSj daI;wVj&jkscksV esa dksbZ QdZ ugha gksrkA bl ckr dks ge

/keZ ls u tksM+s vkSj [kqn fparu djsa rks gesa ;g vuqHko gksrk gS fd dqN rks gS tks

gekjs ‘kjhj vkSj eu dks fu;af=r djrk gS tks ,d ^^’fDr** ;k ^^psruk** ;k ^^vkRek**

gSA ;gh og ‘kfDr gS tks gesa dqN cqjk djus ;k fdlh dks nq%[k igWaqpkus ls jksdrh gS

vkSj ;g ges’kk gj ifjLFkfr esa lgh gksrh gSA ysfdu tc ge viuh varjkRek dh

vkokt dks vulquk dj nsrs gS rks gekjs eu vkSj ‘kjhj dk ml ^^varjkRek** ;k

^^’kfDr** ls laidZ detksj iM+us yxrk gS vkSj ge nq%[kh jgus yxrs gSA izk.kk;ke

vklu ls gtkjksa yksxksa ds vlk/; jksxksa dks nwj fd;k tk pqdk gSA lcls cM+h ckr ;g gS

fd ;g ,d izkd`frd i)fr gS tks gesa izd`fr ds lkFk tksM+rh gSA ;ksx dh ‘kfDr ds ckjs

esa ftruk fy[kk tk, mruk de gS D;ksafd bldk vuqHko vn~Hkqr gksrk gS ftls ‘kCnksa

n~okjk ugha crk;k tk ldrk gSA ;ksx ls thou ds lHkh Hkko fu;af=r gksrs gSa tSls [kq’kh]

nq%[k] I;kj vr% vkb;s vkt ls ge yksx ;ksx&vklu&izk.kk;ke ds fy, fnu ds 24 ?kaVs

esa ls de ls de ,d ?kaVs vo’; fudkyus dk ladYi ys vkSj thou ds mn~ns’; dks

izkIr djsaA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


vk/kqfud lekt eas efgykvkas dh Hkwfedk

usgk ‘kqDyk

losZ{kd

vk/kqfudre ifjos’k eas efgyk;sa fdlh Hkh ek;us eas iq:”kksa ls loZFkk ihNs ugha

gSA vEcj dh ÅWapkbZ ls ysdj leqnz dh xgjkbZ rd efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk iq:”kksa dh

rqyuk eas japek= Hkh de ugha gSA vrhr eas tgkWas mudk thou ?kj dh pkj nhokjh eas

vkc) Fkk ogha vkt xfr’khy le; dh /kkjk eas efgykvksa dh fLFkfr eas vkewypwy

ifjorZu funsZf’kr gks jgk gS A

vkt iz’kklfud dk;kZs ls ysdj jktuhfrd {ks= eas Hkh budh Hkwfedk fu’p; gh

vfoLej.kh; jgh gS vkSj Hkfo”; dk [kqyk }kj budh ltx lk/kuk ds fy, rRij gS A

[ksy ds {ks= eas tgkWa efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk iz’kaluh; gS ogh fpfdRlk] bathfu;fjax rFkk

i=dkfjrk eas budk ;ksxnku vewY; gS A ogha nwljh rjQ fuEu oxZ dh efgyk;sa vU;

NksVs&NksVs dk;ksZa tSls& chM+h cukuk] d`f”k dk;Z eas lg;ksx nsuk vkfn dk;kZsa eas Hkh viuh

dk;Z’kSyh dk ifjp; ns jgh gS a A

[kqys ‘kSf{kd okrkoj.k eas efgykvksa dks vkt bruk lk{kj cuk fn;k gS fd os

vkt vkfFkZd {ks= eas Hkh vkxs c<+us yxh gSa A oLrqr% ;g ckr Li”V gS fd bl {ks= eas

efgykvksa dk izfr’kr de gS] fdUrq lrr~ iz;kl ds rgr Hkfo”; mTToy gksrk tk jgk

gS A

orZeku eas ukfj;ka ftu inksa ij vklhu gSa os iq:”kksa dh rqyuk eas de cqf)eRrk

dk ifjp; ugha ns jgh gSaA tgka lsokHkko budh lxh /kjksgj gS] ogha f’k{kk] O;olk;]

iz’kklu vkfn lEcU/kh mRrjnkf;Ro fuokZg ds lkFk os lqj{kk tSls {ks=ksa eas Hkh dk;Zjr gSaaA

iqfyl vf/kdkjh] ik;yV] tyiksr lapkyd vkfn ds nkf;Roksa dks Hkh lEHkky jgh gSa A

Jherh bfUnjk xkWa/kh] Jherh ljksftuh uk;Mw] Jherh fot;y{eh iafMr vkfn ,slh

ukfj;ka gS tks jktuhfrd {ks= ds fy, dhfrZeku v/;k; gS blds vfrfjDr dbZ ,slh

ukfj;ka Hkh gS tks fo’o ds loksZPp f’k[kj ,ojsLV ij Hkh vkRe ikS:”k dk izn’kZu fd;k gS

ftuesa cNsUnzh iky ,oa larks”k ;kno vfoLej.kh; gSa A [ksy ds {ks= esa efgyk;sa de ugha

gSa A ih0Vh0 Å”kk] lkfu;k fetkZ] lkbuk usgoky] eSjh dkWe vkfn us fofHkUu [ksyksa eas

vn~Hkqr izn’kZu fd, gSa A blds vfrfjDr dYiuk pkoyk varfj{k ds {ks= eas vknj.kh;

jgh gaS A igys le>k tkrk Fkk fd ehfM;k efgykvksa ds fy, mi;qDr ugha gS ijUrq

cj[kk nRr] jtuh ‘kekZ] fjrqy tks’kh tSlh fuMj vkSj lefiZr i=dkjksa us ;s xyrQgeh

nwj dj nh A efgyk;saa viuh euHkkouk eqLdjkgV vkSj cqf)erk ls cM+s&cM+s usrkvksa]

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


f[kykfM+;ksa vkSj vfHkusrkvksa dks vius iz’u tky eas my>k dj muds NDds NqM+krh utj

vkrh gSa A

lafo/kku }kjk L=h vkSj iq:”kksa dks lekurk dk ntkZ ns fn;k x;k gS rFkk mUgsa

dkuwu dh n`f”V ls Hkh cjkcj ds vf/kdkj iznku fd;s x;s gSa fdUrq lekt dh ;g

foMEcuk jgh gS fd mls leku :i ls dnkfi Lohdkj ugha fd;k tkrk gS A tc rd

lekt bl ij Lo;a vey ugha djsxk rc rd bl leL;k dk lek/kku lEHko ugha gks

ldrk gS A

blds ewy eas okLrfod leL;k ;g gS fd dkuwu vkSj okLrfodrk ds chp dh

[kkbZ dks lekIr djuk gS A tks u;s dkuwu cukdj ugha vfirq turk dks f’kf{kr djds

rFkk mldh ekufldrk cnydj mls izksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldrk gS A fu’p; gh bl fn’kk

eas f’k{kk dh Hkwfedk egRoiw.kZ gS A

vkt vko’;drk bl ckr dh gS fd iq:”k o L=h eas rknkRE; gks] D;ksafd L=h o

iq:”k ,d&nwljs ds iwjd gSa] nksuksa dks le; ds cnyrs ifjos’k ds vuq:i vius vkidks

Hkh cnyuk gksxk A

vLrq efgykvksa dks pkfg;s fd os ekxZ eas vkus okys vojks/kdksa dk lkeuk djas

Lo;a ekxZ eas vkus okyh :dkoVksa dk fujkdj.k djds vuqdwy okrkoj.k cuk;sa A

usiksfy;u cksukikVZ us ukjh eas fufgr lEHkkoukvkas dks /;ku eas j[kdj dgk Fkk& ^^ eq>s

,d ;ksX; ekrk nks eSa rqedks ,d ;ksX; jk”Vª nwW axk A** vr% ;g dguk loZFkk mfpr

gksxk fd vk/kqfud ;qx eas efgykvksa dh fu’p; gh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gS A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


okf”kZd [ksy dwn&,d izfrosnuk

¼fodkl dqekj JhokLro½

losZ{k.k lgk;d

ØhMk lfpo

thou f’k{kk eq[kh rks gS rks f’k{kk ds lkFk&lkFk ‘kkjhfjd O;k;ke [ksy dwn dh

Hkh vko’;drk gksrh gS A vxzsth esa ,d dgkor gS fd “Health is Wealth”. [ksyus ls euq”; ds vUnj dh vkRe ‘kfDr c<+us ds lkFk mlds eu dh ,dkxzrk] LQwfrZ vkSj

izse Hkkouk tkxr gksrh gS blls euq”; ds vUnj vkyL; dk R;kx gksrk gS vkSj dk;Z

dks djus esa euq”; rRij jgrk gS A

o”kZ 2014&2015 ds okf”kZd [ksy tuojh ekg esa vkjaHk djk;s x;s ftl esa

vkB izdkj dh izfr;ksfxrk,a gqbaZ vkSj buds fotsrk fuEufyf[kr gSa %&

[ksy izFke iqjLdkj f}rh; iqjLdkj Rk`rh; iqjLdkj

Vscy Vsful ,dy Jh vkj0 ds0 nhf{kr Jh ;knosUnz ‘kqDyk Jh fodkl dqekj

Vscy Vsful McYk Jh vkj0 ds0 nhf{kr

Jh vk’kqrks”k pØorhZ

Jh ch0th0 jke

Jh ih0ds0 vk;Z

Jh ;knosUnz ‘kqDyk

Jh mes’k feJk

dSje ,dy Jh Jhd`”.k Jh ;knosUnz ‘kqDyk Jh KkusUnz iky

dSje McYk Jh vk’kh”k dkS’ky


Jh ine eksgu

‘kekZ

Jh pUnz’ks[kj

Jh ih0ds0 vk;Z

Jh jkgqy oekZ

‘krajt Jh ih0ds0 vk;kZ Jh fodkl dqekj Jh foosd dqekj

xqIrk

Lykslkb

dfyax

Jh ch0th0 jke Jh mek ‘kadj

frokjh


Xkksyk Qsad Jh nsosUnz dqekj flag

Jh KkusUnz iky Jh v:.k eqn~xy

jLlk dlh Jh iznhi flag

Jh lqthr ‘kqDyk

Jh vfer ekSs;kZ


Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


ekufp= foØ; dsUnz

gjhvkse f}osnh

losZ{k.k lgk;d

Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx eas ekufp= foØ; dsUnz dk ,d eq[; LFkku gS A ftleas

fHkUu&2 iSekus ij fofHkUu izdkj ds ekufp=ksa dk foØ; fd;k tkrk gS A orZeku le;

eas ns’k ds vUnj rjg&rjg ds izkstsDV] ljdkjh xSj&ljdkjh rFkk izkbosV laLFkkvksa }kjk

yxk, tk jgs gS] ftleas Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx ds ekufp=ksa dks [kjhn dj ;s laLFkk;s

ys tk jgh gS rFkk bUgha ekufp=ksa ds }kjk vius dk;Z dks dj jgs gS A ekufp= dk

mi;ksx izR;sd {ks= eas fd;k tkrk gS] cxSj ekufp= ds ge fdlh Hkh y{; rd ugha

igqWap ldrs gSa A ;q) ls ysdj fodkl dh izxfr rd ekufp= gh lgk;d jgk gS A iwjs

ns’k eas Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx ds izR;sd dk;kZy; eas ,d ekufp= foØ; dsUnz [kqyk

gqvk gS A tgkWa ls gj {ks= ds yksx mls [kjhn dj ykHk mBk jgs gSa A orZeku le; eas

vksiu lhjht ekufp= dh ekax xzkgdks }kjk dh tk jgh gS] ftls Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx

miyC/k djkus eas vge Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk gS A gkMZ dkih ds lkFk&2 lk¶V dkih dks Hkh

xzkgd [kjhnus eas :fp j[krs gS ijUrq ekufp= dh fcØh vkSj vf/kd c<+kus ds fy,

bldk izpkj&izlkj djkus dh vko’;drk gS A ftlls fd ns’k dh izR;sd turk blds

egRo dks le>s vkSj bldk mi;ksx vius dk;Z {ks= eas iwjk djsa A

fcØh ds fy;s miyC/k ekufp=

ekufp= foØ; dsUnz] Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx

Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx] y[kuÅ esa lHkh izdkj ds ekufp=ksa dk foØ;] ekufp=

foØ; dsUnz] y[kuÅ esa fd;k tkrk gSA bl dsUnz ij 1%50]000 ds vks0,l0,e0 Js.kh

ds lHkh ekufp= miyC/k gaSA orZeku esa mRrj izns’k jkT; ,oa lehiorhZ jkT;ksa ds

lhekvksa ds 1%50]000 ds lHkh ekufp= foØ; gsrq bl dsUnz ij miyC/k djkus dk

iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA fdarq fo’ks”k ekax gksus ij bUgsa Hkh miyC/k djk fn;k tkrk gSA

blds vfrfjDr vUrZjk”Vªh; ,oa m0iz0 jkT; ds usiky lhekvksa ij yxs ‘khV vHkh foØ;

gsrq miyC/k ugha gSa A

bl dk;kZy; esa cgqr lkjs miHkksDrk fdlh Hkh iSekus ij ekufp= dh ekaWx djrs

gSaA foØ; gsrq ekufp= 1%50]000 iSekus ij gh miyC/k gSaA vU; iSekus ds ekufp=

miHkksDrkvksa ds ekax ij cuk;s tkrs gSaA ftl ij vk;s [kpZ miHkksDrk dks ogu djuk

iM+rk gSA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


ekufp= fodz; dsUnz ij vgenkckn] csaxyw:] chdkusj] dksydkrk] gkoM+k]

p.Mhx<+ psUubZ] nkftZfyax] MygkSth] nsgjknwu] fnYyh] xka/kh uxj] Xokfy;j] gSnjkckn ,oe~

fldUnjkckn vkfn dbZ egRoiw.kZ ‘kgjksa ds Ik;ZVd ekufp= miyC/k gSaA blds vfrfjDr

vkxjk] vyhx<+] cjsyh] xkft;kckn] xksj[kiqj] gfj}kj] t;iqj] >kalh] dkuiqj ds ifjn’khZ

ekufp= ¼xkbM½ Hkh miyC/k gSaA blds vfrfjDr fuEu izdkj ds ekufp= foØ; gsrq

miyC/k gSa &

1½ VªSfdax ekufp= (Trekking Map) %& cnzhukFk] dsnkjukFk] xaxks=h ,oa ;equks=h dqYyw ?kkVh] dqek;wa igkfM+;ka] d’ehj] f’keyk fgYl ds Vsªfdax :V ds bl ekufp=

1%250]000 iSekus ij n’kkZ;k x;k gSA

2½ ftyk ifj;kstuk ekufp= (District Planning Map) %& m0iz0 ,oa vU; jkT;ksa ds ftyk ifj;kstuk ekufp= (District Planning Map) iSekuk 1%250]000 ij

miyC/k gSA orZeku esa vkxjk] cnk;wa] ckxir] cjsyh] cgjkbp] ,Vk] bVkok] Q:[kkckn]

fQjkstkckn] gkFkjl] tkykSu] eSuiqjh] eÅ] esjB] eqjknkckn] eqt¶Qjuxj] ihyhHkhr]

jkeiqj] lgkjuiqj] ‘kkgtgkaiqj ds ekufp= miyC/k gSaA

3½ nhokjh ekufp= (Wall Map) %& nhokj ij yxkus ds fy, Hkkjr ,oa fudVorhZ ns’k] Hkkjr jktuSfrd] Hkkjr dk izkd`frd ekufp=] jsyos ekufp=] lM+d ekufp=] fo’o

dk ekufp=] LorU=rk vkUnksyu ds iquhr LFky] Hkkjr ds us’kuy ikdZ ds ekufp=

fofHkUu iSekus ij miyC/k gSaA

4½ IykfLVd mPpkou ¼fjyhQ½ ekufp= (Plastic Relief Map) %& IykfLVd fjyhQ ekufp= esa Hkkjr izkd`frd] ,ao jktuSfrd ,oa _f”kds’k ls cnzhukFk ekxZ dk ekufp=

miyC/k gSA

5½ iqjkru ekufp= fljht e sa (Antique Map) %& bl dsUnz ij iqjkus ekufp= cEcbZ ¼vc eqEcbZ½] nsgjknwu ,oa lehiorhZ {ks= ¼1840½] y[kuÅ] mUuko vkSj jk;cjsyh

¼1868½] 19oha ‘krkCnh ds Hkkjrh; vUos”kd] vo/k ,oa bykgkckn ds fudVorhZ {ks=

¼1780½] fnYyh ds fudVorhZ {ks= ¼1807½ ds ekufp= miyC/k gSaA

6½ Hkkjr ds Kkuo/kZd ekufp= (Education Map) %& Nk=ksa ,oa f’k{kdksa ds fy,

eq[;r% igkM+h Jsf.k;ka ,oa ufn;kWa] us’kyu ikdZ ,oa vHk;ou] Hkkjr ds eksVj ekxZ ,oa

fnYyh ds fudVorhZ {ks= ds ekufp=] f’k{kk ekufp=] ekmUV ,ojsLV] Ldwy ,Vyl]

vUVkdZfVdk o vU; ekufp= miyC/k gSaA

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


LFkykd`frd ekufp= (Topographical Map)

1½ vksiu lhjht ekufp= 1%50]000 iSekus ij (Open Series Map WGS 84-

UTM System in scale 1:50K)

2½ 1%25]000] 1%250]000 iSekus ij eqfnzr ekufp= (Everest – Polyconic

System)

lkekU; nhokjh ekufp= (General Wall Maps)

1- Hkkjr vkSj fudVorhZ ns’k] iSekuk 1%2-500]000 2- Hkkjr vkSj fudVorhZ ns’k] iSekuk 1%12]000]000 ¼fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 3- Hkkjr vkSj fudVorhZ ns’k] iSekuk 1%16]000]000 4- Hkkjr vkSj fudVorhZ ns’k] iSekuk 1%8]000]000 ¼fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 5- Hkkjr&jktuSfrd] iSekuk 1%15]000]000 ¼fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 6- Hkkjr dk izkd`frd ekufp=] iSekuk 1%15]000]000 ¼fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 7- Hkkjr dk izkd`frd ekufp=] iSekuk 1%4]500]000 ¼fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 8- Hkkjr dk jktuSfrd ekufp=] iSekuk 1%4]000]000 ¼caxyk] xqtjkrh] duuM+]

d’ehjh] ey;kye] ejkBh] mfM+;k] iatkch] rfey laLdj.k½

9- Hkkjr dk jktuSfrd ekufp=] iSekuk 1%4]000]000 ¼vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 10- Hkkjr dk jsyos ekufp=] iSekuk 1%3]500]000 ¼fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 11- Hkkjr dk lM+d ekufp=] iSekuk 1%2]500]000 12- fo'o dk ekufp=] iSekuk 1%20]000]000 13- Lora=rk vkUnksyu ds iquhr LFky] iSekuk 1%4]000]000 ¼fgUnh laLdj.k½ 14- Hkkjr dk cky ekufp=] iSekuk 1%4]000]000 ¼fgUnh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.k½ 15- Hkkjr ds us’kuy ikdZ] iSekuk 1%5]000]000 16- fo’o ekufp=] iSekuk 1%40]000]000 17- fo’o ekufp=] iSekuk 1%40]000]000 ¼fgUnh laLdj.k½ 18- fo’o ekufp= ¼pkj Hkkxksa esa½ iSekuk 1%25]000]000

IykfLVd mPpkop ¼fjyhQ½ ekufp= (Plastic Relief Map)

1- Hkkjr&izkd`frd] iSekuk 1%15]000]000

2- Hkkjr&jktuSfrd] iSekuk 1%15]000]000

3- _f”kds’k ls cnzhukFk dk ekxZ ekufp=] iSekuk 1%250]000

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


1%1]000]000 iSekus ij jkT; ekufp= (State Map)

*izfrcfU/kr

1- vka/kz izns’k

2- v:.kkpy izns’k] vle] ef.kiqj] es?kky;] fetksje] ukxkyS.M vkSj f=iqjk

3- fcgkj

4- p.Mhx<+] fnYyh fgekpy izns’k] gfj;k.kk vkSj iatkc

5- nknjk vkSj uxj gosyh] xqtjkr vkSj egkjk”Vª

6- xksok] ne.k vkSj nho vkSj dukZVd

7- *tEew vkSj d’ehj

8- dukZVd

9- dsjy] ikf.Mpsfj] rfeyukMq vkSj y{k}hi

10- e/; izns’k

11- mM+hlk

12- jktLFkku

13- flfDde] iSekuk 1%15]00]000

14- *mRrj izn s’k

15- if’peh caxky

16- mRrjk[k.M

17- >kj[k.M

18- NRrhlx<+

i;ZVd ekufp= fljht] iSekuk 1%50]000 (Tourist Map)

1- vgenkckn 14- bankSj

2- casxywj 15- t;iqj

3- chdkusj 16- [ktqjkgks

4- dksydkrk ,oa gkoM+k 17- dqYyw

5- p.Mhx<+ 18- egkcys’oj

6- psUubZ 19- eqEcbZ

7- nkjftfyax 20- elwjh

8- MygkSth 21- eSlwj

9- nsgjknwu 22- iVuk

10- fnYyh 23- f’kykax

11- xka/khuxj 24- jkes’oje vkSj

dU;kdqekjh

12- Xokfy;j 25- cM+kSnk

13- gSnjkckn ,oa fldanjkckn 26- mRrjkapy

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Kkuo/kZd ekufp= fljht (Educational Map Series)

1- igkM+h Jsf.k;ka vkSj ufn;ka] iSekuk 1%5]000]000

2- us’kuy ikdZ vkSj vHk;ou] iSekuk 1%5]000]000

3- Hkkjr dk eksVj ekxZ ekufp=

4- fnYyh vkSj fudVorhZ {ks= ¼’khV la0 1 o 2½

Ikfjn’khZ xkbZM ekufp= ¼izfrcaf/kr½

1- vkcw 23- fpRrkSM+x<+ 45- dksVk 67- _f”kds’k

2- vxjryk* 24- MygkSth 46- dqYyw 68- jksgrd

3- vkxjk 25- nsgjknwu 47- y[kuÅ 69- lgkjuiqj

4- vgenuxj 26- fnYyh 48- psUubZ 70- lEHky

5- vyhx<+ 27- /kakx/kzk 49- enqjS 71- fldUnjkckn

vkSj cksykje

6- bykgkckn 28- bVkok 50- eaxykSj 72- ‘kkgtgkaiqj

7- vYeksM+k 29- xaxkuxj 51- eukyh* 73- f’keyk

8- vyoj 30- xkft;kckn 52- eFkqjk ,oa o`Unkou 74- lkssiqj*

9- vkSjaxkckn 31- xksj[kiqj 53- esjB 75- Jhuxj*

10- vktex<+ 32- gfj}kj 54- eqjknkckn 76- lwjrx<+

11- csaxywj 33- gqCcfYy 55- elwjh vkSj ya<+kSj 77- fVgjh

12- ckjesj 34- gSnjkckn 56- eqtQ~Qjuxj 78- rstiqj

13- ckjkewyk 35- bEQky 57- eSlwj 79-

fr:fPpjkiYyh

14- cjsyh 36- t;iqj 58- uSuhrky vkSj Hkqokyh 80- f=’’kwj

15- Hkjriqj 37- te’ksniqj 59- uxkao* 81- fr:ouariqje

16- Hkqous’oj 38- tkeuxj 60- ulhjkckn 82- mn;iqj

17- fcgkj ‘kjhQ 49- tkSuiqj 61- ukFk}kjk 83- okjk.klh

18- chtkiqj 40- >kalh 62- i.kth* 84- oYykSj

19- peksyh vkSj

xksis’oj*

41- tksjgkV 63- iVuk 85- eSuiqjh

20- pEck 42- dkuiqj 64- ikf.Mpsfj 86- jkaWph

21- pUnkSlh 43- djuky 65- iq.ks vkSj [kM+dh 87- mRrjdk’kh

22- p.Mhx<+ 44- dksMsDdkuy 66- jkuh[ksr

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


VªSfdax ekufp=] iSekuk 1%250]000

1- cnjhukFk

2- cnjh&dsnkj

3- xaxks=h&;equks=h

4- dqYyw ?kkVh

5- dqek;wa igkfM+;kaW

6- tEew vkSj d’ehj dk ekxZ ekufp=] ‘khV la0 1

7- tEew vkSj d’ehj dk ekxZ ekufp=] ‘khV la0 2

8- f’keyk fgYl

fofo/k ¼ekufp=@izdk’ku½ (Miscellaneous Maps/Publication)

1- ,UVkdZfVdk&eS=h ¼1993 laLdj.k½ ] iSekuk 1%5]000

2- Hkkjr vkSj fudVorhZ LFkkuksa ds ukeksa ds phuh Ik;kZ;

3- ehVjh i)fr ds LFkykd`frd ekufp=ksa ds fy, :<+ fpUg

4- f’k{kk&ekufp= ftu ij LosPN fxzM eqfnzr fd;s x;s gSa] iSekuk 1%50]000

5- dsUnzh;@jkT; ljdkj ds foHkkxksa@dk;kZy;ksa vkSj futh izdk’kdksa }kjk ekufp=ksa

ds izdk’ku ds fy;s vuqns’k

6- LFkykd`frd lwpd dh dqath] iSekuk 1%6]000]000] 1%12]000]000 vkSj

1%15]000]000

7- HkwVku dk ekufp=] iSekuk 1%250]000

8- ekmUV ,ojsLV

9- igkM+h Jsf.k;ksa dk fo’kky n`’; tks pdjkrk ds lehi nsocu ls fn[kkbZ nsrk

gSA

10- igkM+h Jsf.k;ksa dk fo’kky n`’; tSlk fd yankSj ls fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA

11- _f”kds’k ls cnjhukFk&dsnkjukFk dk ekxZ ekufp=] iSekuk 1%250]000

12- Hkkjr dk ekxZ ekufp= mRrjh {ks=] tksu] iSekuk 1%2]500]000

13- Ldwy ,Vyl lkekU;

14- Ldwy ,Vyl MhyDl

15- Dksydkrk vkSj gkoM+k dk uxj ekufp=

16- ekufp=ksa dh lgk;rk ls dk;Z fu”iknu

17- p.Mhx<+ vkSj blds fudVorhZ {ks=] Lis’ky fljht

18- fnYyh o fudVorhZ {ks=

19- eksVfjax ,Vyl

20- yqf/k;kuk vkSj blds fudVorhZ {ks=

21- fnYyh&nsgjknwu&eaWlwjh dk lM+d ekufp=

22- fnYyh&vkxjk&t;iqj dk ekxZ ekufp=

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


fof’k”V ekufp=

tulk/kkj.k esa ekufp= ds izfr tkx:drk iSnk djus rFkk Ik;ZVdksa dh

lgk;rk ds fy, Hkkjrh; losZ{k.k foHkkx }kjk ekufp= tkx:drk vfHk;ku pyk;k

tk jgk gS A blds vUrxZr fofHkUu fo”k;ksa dks ysdj vkVZ dkxt ij fufeZr@eqfnzr

mPp dksfV ds o vkd”kZd vkSj lqfo/kktud jhfr ls rgcan ekufp= tSls iqjkrRo

ekufp= lhjht] Hkkjr Kkuo/kZd ekufp= lhjht] Ik;ZVd ekufp= lhjht ¼eq[;

uxjksa ds fy,½] jkT; ekufp= lhjht bR;kfn mfpr ewY;ksa ij miyC/k djk, tk jgs

gSaA bu lhjht ds vUrxZr fuEufyf[kr ekufp= izdkf’kr fd, x, gSa&

iqjkru ekufp= lhjht (Antique Map Series)

1- cEcbZ ¼vc eqEcbZ½

2- dkSflecktkj }hi] vuqekur% 1780

3- nsgjknwu ,oa lehiorhZ {ks= 1840

4- y[kuÅ] mUuko rFkk jk;cjsyh ftys & 1868

5- 19oha ‘krkCnh ds Hkkjrh; vUos”kd

6- vo/k vkSj bykgkcn rFkk fudVorhZ {ks= vuqekur% & 1780

7- jktiwrkuk LFkykd`frd losZ{k.k ¼t;iqj dk Hkkx½

8- dkfydkrk ds fudVorhZ {ks= dk js[kkfp=] vuqekur% 1858

9- fnYyh ds fudVorhZ {ks= dk js[kkfp=] vuqekur% 1807

10- ekm.V ,ojsLV vkSj lehiorhZ {k s= dk izFke izdkf’kr ekufp= & 1930

11- caxky ds izkUrksa dk ekufp= vuqekur% & 1779

ftyk ifj;kstuk ekufp= fljht] iSekuk 1%250]000

1- vfnykckn 51- /kkj 101- dksp fcgkj 151- jktdksV

2- vkxjk 52- /keZiqjh 102- dksMxw 152- jkeiqj

3- vgenuxj ¼nks 53- /kkjokM+ 103- dksfgek 153- jRukfxjh

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Hkkxksa esa½

4- vkbZtksy 54- /khekth 104- dksYgkiqj 154- jk;x<+

5- vyfIi 55- nqacqjh 105- dksYye 155- lgkjuiqj

6- vYeksM+k 56- /kqys 106- dksjkiqV 156- lkxj

7- vejsyh 57- nho 107- dksV~Vk;e 157- lEHkyiqj

8- ve`rlj 58- fnuktiqj

¼nks Hkkxksa esa½

108- dq:{ks= 158- lkaxyh

9- vuariqj ¼nks Hkkxksa

esa½

59- Mwaxjiqj 109- ykrwj 159- ljUl

10- vUneku 60- bZLV xkjks

fgYl

110- enqjkbZ 160- lrkjk

11- vkSjaxkckn 61- iwohZ fuekj 111- egsUnzx<+ 161- ‘kkgtgkaWiqj

12- cnka;w 62- ,Vk 112- eSuiqjh 162- f’keksxk

13- cykaxhj 63- bVkok 113- ekynkg 163- flgksj

14- ckxir 64- Qjhnkckn 114- eydkufxjh 164- flU/kq nqxZ

15- csyxke ¼nks

Hkkxksa esa½

65- QjhndksV 115- e.Mh 165- lhjksgh

16- ckjesj 66- Q:[kkckn 116- eÅ 166- fljlk

17- ckjkx<+ 67- fQjkstkckn 117- esMd 167- lhrke<+h

18- cjku 68- x;k 118- esjB 168- flou

19- c)Zeku 69- xaxkuxj 119- esglkuk 169- lksykiqj ¼nks Hkkxksa

esa½

20- cjsyh 70- x<+oky 120- eqjknkckn 170- lksuiqj

21- HkfVUMk 71- xksyk?kkV 121-

eqtQ~Qjuxj

171- lksfuriqj

22- cukldkaBk 72- xksyikjk 122- eqaxsj 172- nf{k.k xkjks fgYl

23- cgjkbp 73- xksikyxat 123- eqEcbZ flVh

rFkk eqEcbZ miuxj

173- nf{k.k f=iqjk

24- csrqy 74- xquk 124- eqtQ~Qjiqj 174- Jhdkdqye

25- c:p 75- xqycxkZ 125- uojaxiqj 175- lwjr

26- HkhyokM+k 76- xqjnkliqj 126- ukfn;k 176- lqjsUnzuxj

27- fHkokuh 77- Xokfy;j 127- ukxkSj ¼nks

Hkkxksa esa½

177- lqUnjx<+

28- Hkkouxj 78- gejhiqj]

muk vkSj

fcykliqj

128- uyxksaMk 178- Vseksax ykax

29- Hkkstiqj 79- guqekux<+ 129- ukyank 179- Bk.ks

30- Hkksiky 80- gfj}kj 130- ukunsM 180- Vhdex<+

31- chtkiqj ¼nks

Hkkxksa eas½

81- gkoM+k 131- ukfld 181- fr:usyosyh

32- chdkusj 82- glu 132- uxkaWo 182- fr:vuUrkeykbZ

33- cksUxkabZxkao 83- gkslaxkckn 133- ujflEgkiqj 183- fr:ouariqje

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


34- cqyUn’kgj 84- gkFkjl 134- uoknk 184- f=iqjk ¼if’peh½

35- pEck 85- bMqDdh 135- fudksckj 185- f=iqjk ¼nf{k.kh½

36- p.Mhx<+ 86- tkyksj 136- uhyxhjh 186- rwfrdksju

37- fpDdeaxywj 87- tkykSu 137- futkekckn 187- mn;iqj

38- fp=nqxZ 88- tgkaukckn 138- uqvkikM+k 188- mTtSu

39- fpRrksM+x<+ ¼nks

Hkkxksa esa½

89- tkeuxj 139- ikyh 189- mUuko

40- fpRrwj 90- teqbZ 140- iky?kkV 190- mRrj&dUuM+k

41- pqjkpkaniqj 91- >kjxqtk 141- iykew 191- oS’kkyh

42- pq: 92- thUn 142- iVuk 192- fofn’kk

43- dks;EcVwj 93- tks/kiqj ¼nks

Hkkxksa esa½

143- iV~Vuefyrk 193- fo:nquxj ¼Vh½

44- dMIik 94- twukx<+ 144- isfj;kj 194- ;equkuxj

45- nfr;k 95- dSFky 145- Qsad 195- vks[kk

46- MygkSth 96- dkykgka.Mh 146- ihyhHkhr 196- twugcksVks

47- ne.k 97- dkaxM+k 147- Qqyok.kh

48- nsgjknwu 98- diwjFkyk 148- iwfuZ;k

49- nsox<+ 99-

dfUu;kdqekfj

149- iq:fy;k

50- nsokl 100 djuwy 150- jk;lsu

jktHkk"kk dh mi;ksfxrk dh n`f"V ls fgUnh dks laidZ Hkk"kk ds :i esa fodflr

djuk vko';d gS

vfer dqekj oekZ

izoj Js.kh fyfid

Hkk"kk 'kCn dh mRifRr laLd`r ds Hkk"k /kkrq ls gqbZ gS ftldk vFkZ gksrk

gS& ok.kh dh vfHkO;fDr A vr% Hkk"kk ls rkRi;Z fopkjksa ds ,sls vknku&iznku ls gS

ftldks ge vklkuh ls ,d nwljs rd igqWapk ldasA lalkj esa dqy feykdj yxHkx

vëkbZl lkS Hkk"kk,a gSa] ftuesa rsjg ,slh Hkk"kk,a gSa] ftuds cksyus okyksa dh la[;k lkB

djksM+ ls vf/kd gS A lalkj dh Hkk"kkvksa esa fgUnh Hkk"kk dks izFke ikWp esa LFkku izkIr gS

A Hkkjr ds ckgj ¼oekZ] yadk] eWkfj'kl] fVªfuMkM] Qhth] eyk;k] lqjhuke] nf{k.k vkSj

iwohZ vÝhdk½ Hkh fgUnh cksyus okyksa dh la[;k dkQh vf/kd gS A fgUnh ,f'k;k egk}hi

dh ,dek= ,slh Hkk"kk gS tks vius ns'k ds ckgj Hkh cksyh tkrh gS A fgUnh ,d thfor

vkSj l'kDr Hkk"kk gS A fgUnh ,d ljy vkSj lqxe Hkk"kk gS] ftlds dkj.k bldk

izpkj&izlkj ns'k ds dksus&dksus esa gks jgk gSA ;g ns'k dh lkaLd`frd ,drk] yksdpsruk

,oa lkekftd lEidZ dh Hkk"kk gS A

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Hkkjr o"kZ ,d fofo/k lkaLÑfr;ksa ,oa jhfr&fjoktksa okyk ns'k gS tgkWa dbZ

izdkj dh Hkk"kk;sa rFkk cksfy;kWa gS A dgk tkrk gS fd gj bDdhl dksl ij ikuh rFkk

cksyh cny tkrh gS A tc izFke Lok/khurk laxzke gqvk rks lans'kks ds lapkj ds fy;s ,slh

Hkk"kk dh vko';drk gqbZ tks vke tu&ekul ds le> esa vklkuh ls vk tk;s A pWawfd

fgUnh Hkkjr ds vf/kdkf/kd izkarks rFkk 70 Qhlnh ls vf/kd vkcknh }kjk cksyh ,oa

le>h tkrh gS A vr% bl iz;kstu ds fy;s fgUnh dk pquko fd;k x;k A fgUnh

;qxksa&;qxksa ls fopkj&fofue; dk ,d l'kDr ek/;e jgh gS A fgUnh dh ljyrk ,oa

lqxerk gh blds izpkj ,oa izlkj dk izeq[k dkj.k cu xbZ A O;kid jk"Vª&fgr] jk"Vªh;

,drk rFkk tu&lEidZ dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq;s ijk/khu Hkkjr esa ftrus Hkh f'k{kk vk;ksxksa

dk xBu fd;k x;k mu ij fgUnh dks f'k{kk dk ek/;e ,oa jkt&dkt dh Hkk"kk cukus

dk tksj gekjs iwoZtksa }kjk fn;k x;k A ysfdu vaxzsth 'kklu dks 'kk;n ;g eatwj ugha

Fkk A D;ksafd vaxzst Hkkjrh;ksa dks bl izdkj rS;kj djuk pkg jgs Fksa ftudh lgk;rk ls

oks vius 'kklu dks Hkkjr esa lqxerk ls lapkfyr dj lds A blfy, mUgksus Hkkjrh;ksa

dks ik'pkR; f'k{kk ,oa laLd`fr dk ykyp fn;k rFkk ;g le>k;k fd blds }kjk gh

rqEgkjh mUufr gks ldrh gS A mudk y{; gekjh ekufldrk dks ijk/khu djuk Fkk vkSj

'kk;n dqN gn rd oks blesa lQy Hkh jgs A ns'k Lora= gqvk vkSj Lok/khu Hkkjr ds

lafo/kku esa fgUnh dks jkt Hkk"kk ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;k x;k gS A

fgUnh dks jktHkk"kk ds :i esa ekU;rk fnykus ds fy;s laln }kjk

jktHkk"kk vf/kfu;e 1963 ikfjr fd;k x;k A blh vuqØe esa jktHkk"kk ladYi }kjk

laln ds nksuks lnukas }kjk ;g ladYi fd;k x;k fd fganh ds izlkj ,oa fodkl dh xfr

c<+kus gsrq rFkk la?k ds fofHkUu jktdh; iz;kstuksa ds fy, mRrjksRrj blds iz;ksx gsrq

Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk ,d vf/kd xgu ,oa O;kid dk;ZØe rS;kj fd;k tk;sxk vkSj mls

dk;kZfUor fd;k tk;sxk vkSj fd;s tkus okys mik;ksa ,oa dh tkus okyh izxfr dh foLr`r

okf"kZd ewY;kadu fjiksVZ laln dh nksuksa lHkkvksa ds iVy ij j[kh tk;sxh A jktHkk"kk

fu;e ds vUrxZr ns'k ds izkarks dks ^d*] ^[k* rFkk ^x* {ks=ksa esa ckWaVdj fganh esa

dke&dkt dks c<+kok nsuk lqfuf'pr fd;k x;k rFkk lHkh izdkj ds ljdkjh nLrkostksa dk

fgUnh esa gksuk vfuok;Z fd;k x;k A

tc ge ckr djrs gS jktHkk"kk dh mi;ksfxrk dh rks ;g fuf'pr :i

ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd de ls de dsUnzh; ljdkj ds dk;kZy;ksa esa rks fgUnh esa

dke&dkt dk izfr'kr fnu&izfrfnu c<+ jgk gS rFkk ;g vius mRFkku dh vksj vxzlj gS

A ysfdu gj usd dke esa dqN vM+pus gksrh gS oSls gh jktHkk"kk ds ekxZ esa Hkh lcls

cM+h vM+pu laidZ Hkk"kk ds :i esa gS A D;ksafd gekjs ns'k esa fgUnh dks laidZ Hkk"kk dk

laoS/kkfud ntkZ ugha izkIr gS A dbZ ckj ,slk gksrk gS fd gesa fdlh vU; Hkk"kk esa i=

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


;k izfrosnu izkIr gksrk gS ftldk mRrj gesa mlh Hkk"kk esa nsuk gksrk gS A vr% ;g

t:jh gS fd ;fn gesa jkTkHkk"kk ds iz;ksx ,oa mldh mi;ksfxrk dks lqfuf'pr djuk gS

rks gesa laidZ Hkk"kk ds :i esa fgUnh dk Hkh fodkl djuk gksxk D;ksafd jktHkk"kk vkSj

laidZ Hkk"kk nksuks ,d gh flDds ds nks igyw gSa A

vaxzsth dk xq.k&xku djus okyksa dk ;g yksdfiz; rdZ gS fd vaxzsth gesa nqfu;k

ls Hkh tksM+ jgh gS] cktkj ls Hkh] izkS|ksfxdh ls Hkh vkSj mPp f'k{kk ls Hkh] ,sls esa fgUnh

dh ckr djuk fiNM+siu dh ckr djus ds leku gS A ysfdu ,d nwljh gdhdr Hkh gS

fd vaxzsth us Hkkjr dks nks fgLlksa esa ckWaV Mkyk gS A ,d [kkrk&ihrk] izHkqRo lEiUu

30&35 djksM+ dk Hkkjr gS tks vaxzsth tkurk gS ;k tkuuk pkgrk gS vkSj Hkkjr ij

jkt djrk gS ;k djuk pkgrk gS A nqljh rjQ 80 djksM+ dk og Hkkjr gS tks fgUnh

tkurk] cksyrk vkSj mlh ds lgkjs viuh thfodk pykrk gS A vaxzsth Hkys gh vehj

Hkkjr dh lEidZ Hkk"kk gks ysfdu xjhc Hkkjr vkSj o`gn Hkkjr dh lEidZ Hkk"kk fgUnh gh

gS A fgUnh dks laidZ Hkk"kk ds :i esa fodflr djus ds fy;s gesa fgUnh ek/;e ls f'k{kk

xzg.k djds vaxzsth dks ,d fo"k; ds :i esa i<+uk gksxk u fd vaxzsth ek/;e ls f'k{kk

xzg.k djds fgUnh dks ,d fo"k; ds :i esa A ,slk ugha gS fd fgUnh ek/;e ls f'k{kk

izkIr djus okyksa dks thou esa lQyrk ugha feyrh A cgqr ls ,sls mnkgj.k gs ftUgksusa

fgaUnh ek/;e ls f'k{kk xzg.k djds mWpk in ,oa izfr"Bk izkIr dh A orZeku esa flfoy

lsokvksa esa fganh ek/;e ds vH;fFkZ;ksa dh lQyrk dk izfr'kr c<+k gS A

ge vaxzsth dks izHkkoh le>rs gS tcfd lR; rks ;g gS fd fgUnh ls

T;knk ljy vkSj izHkkoh Hkk"kk fo'o esa dksbZ ugha gS A gesa viuh ekufldrk cnyus dh

vko';drk gS A D;ksafd ge gh viuh Hkk"kk dks vkxs ys tk ldrs gS dksbZ nwljk gekjh

enn D;ksa djsxk A gesa fgUnh dks vkRelkr djuk gksxk A gesa fganh dks viukus ds fy;s

izfrc) gksuk gksxk A gesa fgUnh ds iz;ksx dks ghu Hkkouk u le>dj mls Lo;a rFkk

ns'k ds xkSjo ,oa lEeku dk lwpd cukuk gksxk A gesa vius iwoZtksa ls f'k{kk ysrs gq,

Lo;a rFkk viuh vkus okyh larkuksa dks fgUnh dks viuh izeq[k Hkk"kk cukus ds fy;s

izsfjr djuk gksxk A vkt fo'o ds dbZ fo'ofo|ky;ksa }kjk fgUnh dks ,d fo"k; ds :i

esa vius ikB~;Øe esa 'kkfey fd;k tk jgk gS A ,slk nks dkj.kksa ls gks jgk gS ,d rks

oks fgUnh dk jliku djuk pkg jgs gS vkSj nwljk tks fd eq[; dkj.k gS og ;g gS fd

og Hkkjr ds lkFk vius laca/kksa rFkk O;kikj dks c<+kus ds fy;s fgUnh dk ek/;e ds :i

esa iz;ksx dj jgs gaS A gekjh ljdkj dks Hkh ,slh uhfr;ksa dk fuekZ.k djuk gksxk ftlls

ge fgUnh dks ns'k dh laidZ Hkk"kk ds :i esa fodflr dj ldsa D;ksafd rHkh jktHkk"kk dh

mi;ksfxrk fl) gks ldrh gSA

t; fgUnh t; Hkkjr

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


Lksokfuo`fRr ij fonkbZ lekjksg

Jh jekdkUr XkkSM+] Okkgu Pkkyd

Jh j.k/khj jke] LFkk0 ,ao ys[kk vf?kdkjh

Jh Hkkjr flag+] rd0 Jfed vkSj eks0 ;quql] xkMZ Jh eksgu yky] lgk;d Jh uoeh

yky]losZ0lgk;d ]

loZ Jh onkou] ‘;ke yky] Hkq[ku] [kyklh

Jh /kje jkt] ekufp=dkj xzsM&2

dk;kZy; ds lnL; ,ao ifjokj ds lnL;

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


dk;kZy; es xka/kh t;Urh ds volj ij lQkbZ vfHk;ku

Jh eksgu yky] lgk;d ,ao vU; Jh izeksn dqekj] lgk;d

Jh ts0ih0;kno]lgk0 ,ao ine eksgu] iz0 Js0

fyfid

Jh jke v/kkj fxjh] [kyklh

Jh pUnz’ks[kj] voj Js.kh fyfid

Jh vjfoUn JhokLro] lgk;d

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


fgUnh dk;Z’kkyk ,ao fo’odekZ iwtk

Jh uohu dqekj] izoj Js.kh fyfid Jh pUnz’ks[kj] voj Js.kh fyfid

Jh vfer dqekj oekZ] izoj Js.kh fyfid

Jh v’kh”k d’;i] izoj Js.kh fyfid

fo'odekZ iwtk

fo'odekZ iwtk

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


{ksf=; dk;Z

VksVy LVs’ku losZ{k.k dk;Z Tkh0ih0,l0 losZ{k.k dk;Z

VksVy LVs’ku ,oa ih0Vh0

Tkh0ih0,l0 losZ{k.k dk;Z

dksLVy losZ{k.k Tkh0ih0,l0 losZ{k.k dk;Z

Hkw&niZ.k f}rh; vad


hkw&niz - survey of indiasurveyofindia.gov.in/files/bhudarpan_2_eupgdc.pdf · 17 ,d jkr...

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