hiv pandemic research project
DESCRIPTION
Global Science Issues students' research on the global HIV pandemicTRANSCRIPT
How do people get infected
• People of all ethnicities whether female or male can contract HIV.
- By using or sharing needles that are unclean.
-having sexual intercourse with a partner who has been exposed to HIV
-Blood to blood contact or blood transfusion.
2009 Regional HIV StatisticsRegion Adults & Children Living
with HIV
Sub-Saharan Africa 22.5 Million
Middle East & North Africa 460,000
South & South-East Asia 4.1 Million
East Asia 770,000
Oceania 57,000
Central & South America 1.4 Million
Caribbean 240,000
Eastern Europe & Central Asia 1.4 Million
Western & Central Europe 820,000
North America 1.5 Million
Total 33.3 MillionSource: UNAIDS
World Regions HIV Current Data
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Africa
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). AIDS is a disease of the immune system that has treatment options, but no cure, at the present time.
Sub-Saharan Africa is the region that has the most infected people living with HIV. They have about 22.5 million people with HIV. Six point one percent of Sub-Saharan Africa are living with HIV and one percent of the whole world population is living with HIV.
Country Adult prevalence Total HIV Deaths 2005
Cameroon 15.9% 100,000 82,000
Côte d'Ivoire 7.1% 750,000 65,000
Liberia 5.9% 100,000 72,000
Guinea-Bissau 3.8% 32,000 2,700
Togo 3.2% 110,000 9,100
Nigeria 2.5% 3,600,000 310,000
Gambia 2.4% 20,000 1,300
Burkina Faso 2.0% 150,000 12,000
Ghana 1.9% 260,000 21,000
Benin 1.8% 87,000 9,600
Mali 1.7% 130,000 11,000
Sierra Leone 1.6% 48,000 4,600
Guinea 1.5% 85,000 7,100
Niger 1.1% 79,000 7,600
Senegal 0.8% 44,000 3,500
Mauritania 0.7% 12,000 <1,000
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Africa
HIV Data for West African Countries
How We Raised Awareness
• On December 1st 2010 we introduced Carver High School to World AIDS Day. As a class, we made posters of the following topics: how you can get infected disease, precautions to take, and statistics on countries.
• As well as having posters we also handed out red ribbons to students to show that we are aware
HIV
• providing antiretroviral therapy(MASA) to HIV-infected pregnant women and the
children born with the virus
• Requiring HIV testing while in the prenatal care process instead of voluntary testing
antiretroviral
therapy
(MASA)
http://www.avert.org/aids-botswana.htm
Training teachers to talk
about AIDS prevention
Education
Using the mainstream media to raise awareness;
Improving children’s
access to
education.
Providing universal health
access in many cases;
http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/3395.html http://www.suite101.com/aids-hiv-in-africa
Recognizing the role of grandparents in high cases of orphaned children
Botswana, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Senegal, and Zambia, have also tried to provide free HIV treatment as user fees have prevented people from receiving health services.
http://www.globalissues.org/article/90/aids-in-africa#ActionbyotherAfricanLeaders
HIV/AIDS: The Liberian Experience
The Government has promised to pass an AIDS law, making it "attempted
murder" for an AIDS patient to knowingly have sex with an uninfected
person
http://pages.prodigy.net/jkess3/AIDS.htm
…CONTINUED………
The global experience indicates that education "safe sex", and health
services are the current solutions to this health crisis. Education and an
improvement in the standard of living (health care, safe drinking water; sanitation; electricity) will help.
http://pages.prodigy.net/jkess3/AIDS.htm
ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY FOR HIV PREVENTION
Observational studies suggest that antiretroviral therapy reduces the sexual
transmission of HIV especially among couples.
http://pages.prodigy.net/jkess3/AIDS.htm
http://www.avert.org/media-gallery/image-1303-an-hiv-prevention-billboard-in-malaysia
http://www.avert.org/media-gallery/image-1185-hiv-prevention-sign-in-ho-chi-minh-city-vietnam
HIV prevention sign in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2005. The text reads: "Injecting drugs: don't try it even once".
HIV Prevention Messages in Asia
An HIV prevention billboard in Malaysia, sponsored by Lions Clubs International.
Current Policy In India
National AIDS Control Organization
• India has the world third largest population suffering from AIDS
• Provides leadership to HIV/AIDS control program in India through 35 AIDS prevention and control societies
• National AIDS Control Organization (NACO): Set up in 1992 and received support form UNAIDS
• In 2010, NACO approved the TeachAIDS curriculum for use in India, which will represents that an HIV/AIDS education could be provided in a curriculum without being coupled with sex education for the first time
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_AIDS_Control_Organisation
National AIDS Control Organization
• In 1986, after the first AIDS case in the country, the National AIDS Committee was constituted in the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India
• The Ministry helped to develop the National AIDS Control Organization in 1992, because they believed that they needed a program to help control the AIDS epidemic
http://www.nacoonline.org/About_NACO/
National AIDS Control Organization
• The objective of the National AIDS Control Program (NACP)-I (1992-1999), which was established by the National AIDS Control Program, was to control the spread of HIV/AIDS. – They established 685 blood banks and blood component
separation units that check the spread of HIV/AIDS– HIV surveillance systems were created– Foundations for treatment were made in hospitals, medical
colleges, and 504 STD clinics were made
http://www.nacoonline.org/About_NACO/
National AIDS Control Organization
• During NACP-II (1999-2006), many new initiatives were taken and many programs were created, too.– The School AIDS Education Program was made to build up life skills of
kids and address the issues related to growing up– Communication of information about the spread of HIV/AIDS
awareness, promotion of safer behaviors, and increased condom use were created
– Voluntary counseling and testing facilities were created – Interventions to prevent parent to child transmissions were also
created – Free antiretroviral therapy was offered to hospitals– There was research on vaccines and microbicides– Some policies established during NACP-II were the National AIDS
Prevention and Control Policy; National Blood Policy, A Strategy for Greater Involvement of People with HIV/AIDS, and National Rural Health Mission
– Interventions were created to focus on targeted high risk groups
http://www.nacoonline.org/About_NACO/
Achievements Of The NACP-I and NACP-II
Since Africa is one of the top continents that has the most
number of HIV/AIDS cases, Africans are the ones that should be helped
first.
SAFE SEX
By Introducing:
Abstinen
ce MORE
Antiretroviral DRUGS
EducatedAccess to
contraceptiv
es
• Countries can become more aware of the way AIDS is transferred between people.
• Start better campaigns to stop unprotected sex.
http://www.avert.org/cure-for-aids.htm
http://www.nanomed.hbi.ir/images/jj_aids.jpg
http://marissaneave.com/posterous/general-idea-aids.jpg
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/visualculture/images/A28344.jpg
http://djiin.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/aids-0.jpg
http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/files/images/aids%20drug.jpg
http://www.topnews.in/health/files/Stop-AIDS.JPG
http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/aids-hiv-anatomy.gif
http://www.frank151.com/files/u2/world_aids_day_ribbon.png
http://filipspagnoli.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/aids-patient.jpg
http://www.adap.org.uk/Project-pic2.gif
http://awtreyms.blogs.com/.a/6a00d8341cb85053ef0120a8a378ad970b-800wi
Members of Dr. Palmer’s 5th/6th period
2010/2011 Global Science Issues class
Carver High School
Winston-Salem/Forsyth
County Schools
Winston-Salem, NC
U.S.A.