history of latin america
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This helped my students understand the history of Latin America.TRANSCRIPT
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02 - 3
A Brief History of Latin America
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Native Populations – Latin America
Maya – 250 – 900 CE/AD
Olmec 1200 – 400 BCE/BCAztec 1300 – 1500 CE/AD
Inca – 1300 – 1500 CE/AD
Source: Our World Today adopted text used with permission of Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Maya 250 – 900 CE/AD
Built urban centers with large buildings and temples in the Yucután Peninsula and in present day Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras.
Developed a 365 day calendar and wrote using hieroglyphics.
The Mayan cities of Tikal and Chichén Itzá are tourist attractions today.
Graphics Source: Our World Today adopted text used with permission of Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Mayan Temple at Chichén Itzá
Graphics Source: Our World Today adopted text used with permission of Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Aztec 1300 - 1500 CE/AD Ruled an empire that stretched from central
Mexico through parts of Central America. Tenochtitlán, present day Mexico City was the
capital and had over four million inhabitants. The Aztec had postal and road systems, a
powerful army, libraries, temples, a tax system (based on maize), and extensive trade networks.
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Aztecs
Graphics Source: Library of Congress 1492: An Ongoing Voyage and The Aztecs at http://home.freeuk.net/elloughton13/aztecs.htm
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Exploration and Conquest in Latin America
The voyages of Christopher
Columbus created a turning point for Latin American
history and began the period of
European exploration and
colonization of the Americas.
Graphics Source: Library of Congress 1492: An Ongoing Voyage
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Exploration and Conquest in Latin America
Spanish and Portuguese explorers came for God (the Catholic Church); Gold (Riches for themselves and their country); and Glory (fame and power for themselves and their country)
Graphics Source: Library of Congress 1492: An Ongoing Voyage
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Exploration and Conquest in Latin America
By the mid-1500s, Spanish Conquistadors defeated native populations
Hernán Cortez is remembered for his Conquest of the Aztecs in Mexico
Graphics Source: The Aztecs at http://home.freeuk.net/elloughton13/aztecs.htm
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Colonization and Imperialism in Latin America
New crops and foods, gold, and silver went to Europe from the Americas, while European goods including farm animals, new crops, and disease came to the Americas. This is called the Columbian Exchange and is a turning point in the diffusion of materials and ideas between cultural worlds.
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Columbian Exchange
Graphics Source: Our World Today adopted text used with permission of Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Colonization and Imperialism in Latin America
Spain controlled an Empire in the Americas that spread from the SW United States to Argentina.
European imperial power in the Americas: spread European ideas, Spanish language, culture;
and religion. built cities modeled after ones in Europe.
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Europeans in the Americas By the 1700s
Spain, France, and England all owned vast land in the Americas
Graphics Source: TEA 2003 TAKS test
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Revolutions against Imperialism and Colonial Rule
Mexico won independence from Spain in 1821 and established a constitutional monarchy which later became a dictatorship under Antonio López de Santa Anna.
Simon Bolivar led S.America to gain independence from Spain by revolting.
Brazil gained independence through negotiation.
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Growth and Development of Nations in Latin America
As nations won independence they began their own process of growth and development – both political and economic.
By the late 1830’s central America split into separate nations of El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Honduras.
In the 1840s Mexico also lost parts of the more land to the United States after the Mexican War.
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3
Growth and Development of Nations in Latin America
Many Latin American governments were ruled by a few people (oligarchy) or by military dictators (caudillo), although most now have democratic elections. In Cuba, Fidel Castro is still a Communist dictator and strong leader after over 40 years of powerful rule since the late 1950s.
Growth and Development of Nations in Latin America Problems include urban growth, economic
diversity, unemployment, resource development, education, and stable governments.
CLEAR Model Lessons Grade 6 Social Studies ©2003 Houston Independent School District B.09.02-3