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History of Drama Final Exam Review

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Page 1: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

History of Drama Final Exam Review

Page 2: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Hebrew/Egyptian Drama

Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C.

Drama means “to do” or “to act”

Egyptian Drama revolved around religion

Page 3: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

5 Types of Plays

Medicinal Play-play about healing

The Heb Sed was a play celebrating the pharaoh's 30th year on the throne

Coronation Festival celebrated the crowning of a pharaoh

Isis, Osiris, and Set were the main characters in the Abydos Passion Play

Pyramid Plays-done to ensure safe passage into afterlife.

Page 4: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Hebrew Drama

Job and Song of Songs both have dramatic structure

God and the devil are the first speakers in the book of Job.

No reference to definite theatre in Bible

Page 5: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Staging

Blocking—the director’s planned movement for the actors

Stage Directions—usually included in the script, the entrances, exits, and some movements or expressions for the characters

Page 6: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Staging: Body Positions

Page 7: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Greek Drama

Golden Age of Greek Drama: 500-400 B.C.

Drama was sacred and religious in Greek culture.

Tragedy literally means “goat song”

Hubris is defined as excessive amounts of pride or arrogance

Deus ex machina is a machine used to fly in a god to “save the day”

Winners of the Dionysus festival won an ivy wreath

Page 8: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Costuming

RobesRaised BootsWigsMasks

Page 9: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Greek Chorus

Sang in unison

Wore masks

Changed in number depending on the playwright

Were constantly on stage

Page 10: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Greek gods

Dionysus-god of wine, drama, and fertility

Zeus-king of the gods

Page 11: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Greek Playwrights

Sophocles wrote Oedipus

Aeschylus-the Father of Greek Tragedy

Euripides is known as “The Great Humanizer”

Aristotle-wrote rules of drama called The Three Unities

Page 12: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Theatron “Seeing Place”

Audience

Orchestra

Altar

Paraskenion

Skene

Page 13: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Roman Drama-Terms

Acted on a raised stage called a pulpitum

Closet dramas were too graphic to be shown on stage.

A claque was a person paid to influence the audience

Romans focused on comedy in their plays.

Page 14: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Roman Playwrights

Terence-first black playwright

Seneca-only major tragedian

Plautus-used Greek plays

Page 15: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Roman Theatre’s Decline

Spectacles in the Coliseum and the fall of Rome in 476 A.D. lead to the fall of Roman Drama.

Theatres were banned

Page 16: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Hindu Drama

Golden Age 500-300 B.C.

Plays written in Sanskrit

First culture to promote women actors

Always ended happily

Page 17: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Chinese Drama

Themes of ancestor worship, military glory, faithfulness to husband

Women were forbidden to act until the 18th century

Costume colors signified a meaning

Page 18: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Propaganda Period

Propaganda period began after WWII

Plays were used to promote government policy and Communism

Page 19: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Japanese Drama: Noh

Formal

Characterized by sedate postures expressing an attitude

Polished floor with jars underneath for a unique sound

Page 20: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Japanese Drama:Kubuki

Common man’s drama

Began in 1600 A.D.

Every movement has a meaning

Page 21: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Kabuki Theatre

Trap Door

Revolving Stage

Extravagant Scenery

A “flowerway” for actors to enter

Page 22: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Kabuki Costumes

Silk Costumes

Thick Makeup

Heavy Wigs

Page 23: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Medieval Drama

Also called Dark Ages because of the lack of culture and growth after the fall of Rome

Page 24: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Medieval Terms

Trope-short dramas turned into masses by the church

Hell’s Mouth was a stage device—a dragon jaw that would open with smoke and flames

Passion Play—Started in Oberammergau—depicted the life of Christ

Commedia dell’ Arte-professional improv

Page 25: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Pageant Wagon

Plays performed in “cycles”

Double-Decker

Bottom used for costume changes

Similar to parade floats

Action on upper stage and on the street

Page 26: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

The M’s

Mummings

Mystery

Morality (Everyman)

Miracle

Manners

Page 27: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Elizabethan Theatres

Famous Theatres: Globe, The Rose, The Swan—nicknamed “Wooden O’s”

Page 28: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Elizabethan Staging

Balcony (for love scenes)

Tiring House (for exits)

Discovery Space (Small interior settings)

Platform surrounded by audience on three-sides

Open air for light—no artificial lighting used

Page 29: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Groundlings

“Cheap Seats”

People stood in the space right in front of the stage

For everyday citizens (all were welcome to the theatre)

Page 30: History of Drama Final Exam Review. Hebrew/Egyptian Drama Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Egyptian drama dates back to 3000 B.C. Drama means “to

Famous Playwrights

Christopher Marlowe—killed in a bar brawl at 29

Ben Johnson—gifted in Satire

William Shakespeare—coined thousands of words and phrases; born in Stratford-on-Avon; had a wife and three kids; loved by Queen Elizabeth; 38 plays attributed to him